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Zhang Y, Xu J, Miranda-Katz M, Sojati J, Tollefson SJ, Manni ML, Alcorn JF, Sarkar SN, Williams JV. Distinct roles for type I and type III interferons in virulent human metapneumovirus pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011840. [PMID: 38315735 PMCID: PMC10868789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important cause of acute lower respiratory infection in children and adults worldwide. There are four genetic subgroups of HMPV and both neutralizing antibodies and T cells contribute to protection. However, little is known about mechanisms of pathogenesis and most published work is based on a few extensively passaged, laboratory-adapted strains of HMPV. In this study, we isolated and characterized a panel of low passage HMPV clinical isolates representing all four genetic subgroups. The clinical isolates exhibited lower levels of in vitro replication compared to a lab-adapted strain. We compared disease phenotypes using a well-established mouse model. Several virulent isolates caused severe weight loss, lung pathology, airway dysfunction, and fatal disease in mice, which was confirmed in three inbred mouse strains. Disease severity did not correlate with lung viral titer, as virulent strains exhibited restricted replication in the lower airway. Virulent HMPV isolates were associated with markedly increased proinflammatory cytokine production and neutrophil influx; however, depletion of neutrophils or genetic ablation of inflammasome components did not reverse disease. Virulent clinical isolates induced markedly increased type I and type III interferon (IFN) secretion in vitro and in vivo. STAT1/2-deficient mice lacking both type I and type III IFN signaling showed reduced disease severity and increased lung viral replication. Inhibition of type I IFN signaling using a blocking antibody or genetic ablation of the type I IFN receptor reduced pathology with minimal effect on viral replication. Conversely, blockade of type III IFN signaling with a neutralizing antibody or genetic ablation of the IFN-lambda receptor had no effect on pathogenesis but restored viral replication. Collectively, these results demonstrate distinct roles for type I and type III IFN in HMPV pathogenesis and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jiuyang Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Margot Miranda-Katz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jorna Sojati
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sharon J. Tollefson
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Manni
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John F. Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Saumendra N. Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John V. Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity in Children, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Peters K, Ernst S, Peters M. Interaction of Interleukin-17A with a Th2 Response in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation. Cells 2023; 12:1774. [PMID: 37443808 PMCID: PMC10340318 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A total of 262 million people worldwide suffer from asthma and 461000 people died from it in 2019. Asthma is a disease with different endotypes defined by the granulocytes found in the asthmatic lung. In allergic asthma, the eosinophilic endotype is present, driven by a TH2 response. A TH17 immune response leads to the neutrophil endotype. This often causes uncontrolled asthma and is triggered by pollutants, microbes, and oxidative stress. It has been described that a significant number of patients with eosinophilic asthma develop mixed granulocytic asthma over time. The severity of asthma in the mixed endotype is related to the proportion of neutrophils in the lungs. PURPOSE In this report, we address the question of how a TH2 response interacts with IL-17A in allergic asthma. METHODS To this end, we used a mouse model to induce allergic asthma followed by an aerosol challenge with ovalbumin. To investigate the role of IL-17A, we administered IL-17A intranasally during the challenge phase. RESULTS IL-17A alone did not elicit an immune response, whereas in combination with allergic asthma, it resulted in a shift of the asthmatic endotype from eosinophilic to neutrophilic. TGFβ1 was increased in these lungs compared to asthmatic lungs without IL-17A, as was the expression of the IL-17A receptor subunits IL-17RA and IL-17RC. In cultures with human cells, we also found that IL-17A increased the expression of its receptors only in combination with IL-13. We also found this effect for IL-8, which attracts neutrophils in humans. CONCLUSIONS The TH2 response increased the sensitivity to IL-17A in a mouse asthma model as well as in human cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Peters
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ernst
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Peters
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Harker JA, Lloyd CM. T helper 2 cells in asthma. J Exp Med 2023; 220:214104. [PMID: 37163370 PMCID: PMC10174188 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is among the most common immune-mediated diseases across the world, and type 2 immune responses are thought to be central to pathogenesis. The importance of T helper 2 (Th2) cells as central regulators of type 2 responses in asthma has, however, become less clear with the discovery of other potent innate sources of type 2 cytokines and innate mediators of inflammation such as the alarmins. This review provides an update of our current understanding of Th2 cells in human asthma, highlighting their many guises and functions in asthma, both pathogenic and regulatory, and how these are influenced by the tissue location and disease stage and severity. It also explores how biologics targeting type 2 immune pathways are impacting asthma, and how these have the potential to reveal hitherto underappreciated roles for Th2 cell in lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Harker
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, UK
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London, UK
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4
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Heinrich VA, Uvalle C, Manni ML, Li K, Mullett SJ, Donepudi SR, Clader J, Fitch A, Ellgass M, Cechova V, Qin S, Holguin F, Freeman BA, Methé BA, Morris A, Gelhaus SL. Meta-omics profiling of the gut-lung axis illuminates metabolic networks and host-microbial interactions associated with elevated lung elastance in a murine model of obese allergic asthma. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOMES 2023; 2:1153691. [PMID: 37293566 PMCID: PMC10249466 DOI: 10.3389/frmbi.2023.1153691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and associated changes to the gut microbiome worsen airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in asthma. Obesogenic host-microbial metabolomes have altered production of metabolites that may influence lung function and inflammatory responses in asthma. To understand the interplay of the gut microbiome, metabolism, and host inflammation in obesity-associated asthma, we used a multi-omics approach to profile the gut-lung axis in the setting of allergic airway disease and diet-induced obesity. We evaluated an immunomodulator, nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), as a host- and microbial-targeted treatment intervention for obesity-associated allergic asthma. Allergic airway disease was induced using house dust mite and cholera toxin adjuvant in C57BL6/J mice with diet-induced obesity to model obesity-associated asthma. Lung function was measured by flexiVent following a week of NO2-OA treatment and allergen challenge. 16S rRNA gene (from DNA, taxa presence) and 16S rRNA (from RNA, taxa activity) sequencing, metabolomics, and host gene expression were paired with a Treatment-Measured-Response model as a data integration framework for identifying latent/hidden relationships with linear regression among variables identified from high-dimensional meta-omics datasets. Targeting both the host and gut microbiota, NO2-OA attenuated airway inflammation, improved lung elastance, and modified the gut microbiome. Meta-omics data integration and modeling determined that gut-associated inflammation, metabolites, and functionally active gut microbiota were linked to lung function outcomes. Using Treatment-Measured-Response modeling and meta-omics profiling of the gut-lung axis, we uncovered a previously hidden network of interactions between gut levels of amino acid metabolites involved in elastin and collagen synthesis, gut microbiota, NO2-OA, and lung elastance. Further targeted metabolomics analyses revealed that obese mice with allergic airway disease had higher levels of proline and hydroxyproline in the lungs. NO2-OA treatment reduced proline biosynthesis by downregulation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) expression. These findings are relevant to human disease: adults with mild-moderate asthma and BMI ≥ 25 had higher plasma hydroxyproline levels. Our results suggest that changes to structural proteins in the lung airways and parenchyma may contribute to heightened lung elastance and serve as a potential therapeutic target for obese allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Heinrich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Crystal Uvalle
- Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michelle L. Manni
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kelvin Li
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Steven J. Mullett
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sri Ramya Donepudi
- Integrative Systems Biology Program, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jason Clader
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Adam Fitch
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Madeline Ellgass
- Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Veronika Cechova
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Shulin Qin
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Bruce A. Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Barbara A. Methé
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Alison Morris
- Center for Medicine and the Microbiome, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Stacy L. Gelhaus
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Borghi SM, Zaninelli TH, Carra JB, Heintz OK, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Therapeutic Potential of Controlled Delivery Systems in Asthma: Preclinical Development of Flavonoid-Based Treatments. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010001. [PMID: 36678631 PMCID: PMC9865502 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence and incidence, manifested by allergic inflammatory reactions, and is life-threatening for patients with severe disease. Repetitive challenges with the allergens and limitation of treatment efficacy greatly dampens successful management of asthma. The adverse events related to several drugs currently used, such as corticosteroids and β-agonists, and the low rigorous adherence to preconized protocols likely compromises a more assertive therapy. Flavonoids represent a class of natural compounds with extraordinary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with their potential benefits already demonstrated for several diseases, including asthma. Advanced technology has been used in the pharmaceutical field to improve the efficacy and safety of drugs. Notably, there is also an increasing interest for the application of these techniques using natural products as active molecules. Flavones, flavonols, flavanones, and chalcones are examples of flavonoid compounds that were tested in controlled delivery systems for asthma treatment, and which achieved better treatment results in comparison to their free forms. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the development of novel controlled delivery systems to enhance the therapeutic potential of flavonoids as active molecules for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio M. Borghi
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago H. Zaninelli
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Carra
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Olivia K. Heintz
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-440, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: or (W.A.V.); or (R.C.); Tel.: +55-43-3371-4979 (W.A.V.); +55-43-3371-2476 (R.C.); Fax: +55-43-3371-4387 (W.A.V.)
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6
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Chen Z, Shang Y, Yuan Y, He Y, Wasti B, Duan W, Ouyang R, Jia J, Xiao B, Zhang D, Zhang X, Li J, Chen B, Liu Y, Zeng Q, Ji X, Ma L, Liu S, Xiang X. MBD2 mediates Th17 cell differentiation by regulating MINK1 in Th17-dominant asthma. Front Genet 2022; 13:959059. [PMID: 36303542 PMCID: PMC9592806 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.959059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: .Asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, and T-helper cell type 17 (Th17) cells play a pathogenic role in the development of non-T2 severe asthma. Misshapen like kinase 1 (MINK1) is involved in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation, but its effect on severe asthma remains unclear. Our previous studies showed that methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) expression was significantly increased in patients with Th17 severe asthma and could regulate Th17 cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate how MBD2 interacts with MINK1 to regulate Th17 cell differentiation in Th17-dominant asthma.Materials and methods: Female C57BL/6 mice and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were used to establish mouse and cell models of Th17-dominant asthma, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect Th17 cell differentiation, and the level of IL-17 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect MBD2 and MINK1 expression. To investigate the role of MBD2 and MINK1 in Th17 cell differentiation in Th17-dominant asthma, the MBD2 and MINK1 genes were silenced or overexpressed by small interfering RNA and plasmid transfection.Results: Mouse and BEC models of Th17-dominant asthma were established successfully. The main manifestations were increased neutrophils in BALF, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), activated Th17 cell differentiation, and high IL-17 levels. The expression of MBD2 in lung tissues and BECs from the Th17-dominant asthma group was significantly increased, while the corresponding expression of MINK1 was significantly impaired. Through overexpression or silencing of MBD2 and MINK1 genes, we have concluded that MBD2 and MINK1 regulate Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 release. Interestingly, MBD2 was also found to negatively regulate the expression of MINK1.Conclusion: Our findings have revealed new roles for MBD2 and MINK1, and provide new insights into epigenetic regulation of Th17-dominant asthma, which is dominated by neutrophils and Th17 cells. This study could lead to new therapeutic targets for patients with Th17-dominant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yulin Shang
- Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Zigui County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zigui, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Binaya Wasti
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wentao Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingsi Jia
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bolin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Qingping Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Longshan County People’s Hospital, Longshan, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoying Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Libing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Libing Ma, ; Shaokun Liu, ; Xudong Xiang,
| | - Shaokun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Libing Ma, ; Shaokun Liu, ; Xudong Xiang,
| | - Xudong Xiang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Libing Ma, ; Shaokun Liu, ; Xudong Xiang,
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7
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Sun J, Li Y. Pyroptosis and respiratory diseases: A review of current knowledge. Front Immunol 2022; 13:920464. [PMID: 36248872 PMCID: PMC9561627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.920464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a relatively newly discovered programmed cell death accompanied by an inflammatory response. In the classical view, pyroptosis is mediated by caspases-1,-4,-5,-11 and executed by GSDMD, however, recently it was demonstrated that caspase-3 and-8 also participate in the process of pyroptosis, by cleaving GSDMD/E and GSDMD respectively. Different from autophagy and apoptosis, many pores are formed on the cell membrane during pyroptosis, which makes the cell membrane lose its integrity, eventually leading to the release of cytokines interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18. When the body is infected with pathogens or exposed to some stimulations, pyroptosis could play an immune defense role. It is found that pyroptosis exists widely in infectious and inflammatory respiratory diseases such as acute lung injury, bronchial dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. Excessive pyroptosis may accompany airway inflammation, tissue injury, and airway damage, and induce an inflammatory reaction, leading to more serious damage and poor prognosis of respiratory diseases. This review summarizes the relationship between pyroptosis and related respiratory diseases.
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Tao X, Liu H, Xia J, Zeng P, Wang H, Xie Y, Wang C, Cheng Y, Li J, Zhang X, Zhang P, Chen S, Yu H, Wu H. Processed product (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum) of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. Alleviates the allergic airway inflammation of cold phlegm via regulation of PKC/EGFR/MAPK/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 295:115449. [PMID: 35688257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum (PRP) is a traditional processed product of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Berit., which mainly used for treating cold asthma (CA). However, the mechanism of action of PRP for treating CA have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the core active constituents and the pharmacological mechanism of PRP against CA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ovalbumin (OVA) and cold water-induced cold asthma model were established in male mice. The effects of water extract from PRP were evaluated by general morphological observation, expectorant activity, airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus hypersecretion, inflammatory cytokines, etc. Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in vivo and in vitro were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR, and western blotting. The mechanisms of action were investigated through network pharmacology and transcriptomic, and validated through western blotting and molecular docking. RESULTS PRP exhibited a favorable expectorant activity, and significantly reduced the airway inflammation, mucus secretion, and hyperresponsiveness in cold asthma model. It also reduced the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IL-4 and total IgE in serum, while obviously increased the levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in serum for asthmatic mice. Meanwhile, PRP also attenuated the pathological changes and mucus production in cold asthmatic mice. Moreover, the downregulation of MUC5AC and upregulation of AQP 5 were detected by western blotting and qRT-PCR after administration with PRP both in vivo and in vitro. PRP expectedly inhibited the protein expression of PKC-α, SRC, p-EGFR, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, p-p38, p-PI3K, and p-Akt levels in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These combined data showed that PRP suppressed the allergic airway inflammation of CA by regulating the balance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and the possible involvement of the PKC/EGFR/MAPK/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Pentadecanoic acid, licochalcone A, β-sitosterol, etc. were considered as main active ingredients of PRP against CA. This study provides a novel perspective of the classical herbal processed product PRP in the treatment of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbao Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hepeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuwei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanqiu Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiayun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xingde Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, State Food and Drug Administration, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Shengjun Chen
- Jiangyin Tianjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangyin, 214400, China
| | - Hongli Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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9
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Luo W, Hu J, Xu W, Dong J. Distinct spatial and temporal roles for Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974066. [PMID: 36032162 PMCID: PMC9411752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is mainly driven by CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, represented by Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, reflected by distinct phenotypes orchestrated by τh2 or non-Th2 (Th1 and Th17) immune responses at different stages of the disease course. Heterogeneous cytokine expression within the same Th effector state in response to changing conditions in vivo and interlineage relationship among CD4+ T cells shape the complex immune networks of the inflammatory airway, making it difficult to find one panacea for all asthmatics. Here, we review the role of three T helper subsets in the pathogenesis of asthma from different stages, highlighting timing is everything in the immune system. We also discuss the dynamic topography of Th subsets and pathogenetic memory Th cells in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Luo
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jindong Hu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifang Xu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jingcheng Dong, ; Weifang Xu,
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingcheng Dong, ; Weifang Xu,
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10
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Xie Y, Abel PW, Casale TB, Tu Y. T H17 cells and corticosteroid insensitivity in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:467-479. [PMID: 34953791 PMCID: PMC8821175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.12.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is classically described as having either a type 2 (T2) eosinophilic phenotype or a non-T2 neutrophilic phenotype. T2 asthma usually responds to classical bronchodilation therapy and corticosteroid treatment. Non-T2 neutrophilic asthma is often more severe. Patients with non-T2 asthma or late-onset T2 asthma show poor response to the currently available anti-inflammatory therapies. These therapeutic failures result in increased morbidity and cost associated with asthma and pose a major health care problem. Recent evidence suggests that some non-T2 asthma is associated with elevated TH17 cell immune responses. TH17 cells producing Il-17A and IL-17F are involved in the neutrophilic inflammation and airway remodeling processes in severe asthma and have been suggested to contribute to the development of subsets of corticosteroid-insensitive asthma. This review explores the pathologic role of TH17 cells in corticosteroid insensitivity of severe asthma and potential targets to treat this endotype of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Peter W. Abel
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Thomas B. Casale
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yaping Tu
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
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11
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Chen Z, Yuan Y, He Y, Wasti B, Duan W, Jia J, Li D, Xiao B, Zhang D, Ma L, Li J, Liu Y, Zeng Q, Xiang X, Zhang X, Liu S. MBD2 as a Potential Novel Biomarker for Identifying Severe Asthma With Different Endotypes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:693605. [PMID: 34692717 PMCID: PMC8527858 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.693605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) expression is significantly elevated in a neutrophil-dominant severe asthma mouse model. It also regulates Th17 cell differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum MBD2 levels in patients with severe asthma with different endotypes. Methods: Eligible adults with confirmed asthma (n = 63) underwent a clinical assessment, asthma control test and pulmonary function test and were classified as having mild, moderate or severe asthma. Severe asthma endotypes were defined according to the percentage of Th2 and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood and by the type of inflammation. The percentage of Th2 and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry. Serum MBD2, eosinophilic cationic protein and myeloperoxidase were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations of MBD2 expression with clinical parameters were evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation analysis. Results: Serum MBD2 levels were upregulated in patients with severe asthma compared to healthy controls and patients with mild to moderate asthma. MBD2 was also significantly increased in patients with Th17 severe asthma compared to patients with type 2 severe asthma. Furthermore, MBD2 was positively correlated with MPO and Th17 cells but negatively correlated with ECP and Th2 cells in patients with severe asthma. Conclusions: These findings suggest that serum MBD2 may be a potential new biomarker for identifying severe asthma, Th17 severe asthma and the type of airway inflammation. However, these findings are still preliminary and need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Binaya Wasti
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wentao Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingsi Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danhong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Libing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhuzhou City Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Qingping Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Longshan County People's Hospital, Longshan, China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaokun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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12
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Nitroalkene fatty acids modulate bile acid metabolism and lung function in obese asthma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17788. [PMID: 34493738 PMCID: PMC8423735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acid profiles are altered in obese individuals with asthma. Thus, we sought to better understand how obesity-related systemic changes contribute to lung pathophysiology. We also test the therapeutic potential of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), a regulator of metabolic and inflammatory signaling pathways, to mitigate allergen and obesity-induced lung function decline in a murine model of asthma. Bile acids were measured in the plasma of healthy subjects and individuals with asthma and serum and lung tissue of mice with and without allergic airway disease (AAD). Lung function, indices of inflammation and hepatic bile acid enzyme expression were measured in obese mice with house dust mite-induced AAD treated with vehicle or NO2-OA. Serum levels of glycocholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid clinically correlate with body mass index and airway hyperreactivity whereas murine levels of β-muricholic acid and tauro-β-muricholic acid were significantly increased and positively correlated with impaired lung function in obese mice with AAD. NO2-OA reduced murine bile acid levels by modulating hepatic expression of bile acid synthesis enzymes, with a concomitant reduction in small airway resistance and tissue elastance. Bile acids correlate to body mass index and lung function decline and the signaling actions of nitroalkenes can limit AAD by modulating bile acid metabolism, revealing a potential pharmacologic approach to improving the current standard of care.
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13
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Rahmawati SF, te Velde M, Kerstjens HAM, Dömling ASS, Groves MR, Gosens R. Pharmacological Rationale for Targeting IL-17 in Asthma. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:694514. [PMID: 35387016 PMCID: PMC8974835 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.694514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a respiratory disease that currently affects around 300 million people worldwide and is defined by coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, mucus overproduction, chest tightness, and expiratory airflow limitation. Increased levels of interleukin 17 (IL-17) have been observed in sputum, nasal and bronchial biopsies, and serum of patients with asthma compared to healthy controls. Patients with higher levels of IL-17 have a more severe asthma phenotype. Biologics are available for T helper 2 (Th2)-high asthmatics, but the Th17-high subpopulation has a relatively low response to these treatments, rendering it a rather severe asthma phenotype to treat. Several experimental models suggest that targeting the IL-17 pathway may be beneficial in asthma. Moreover, as increased activation of the Th17/IL-17 axis is correlated with reduced inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) sensitivity, targeting the IL-17 pathway might reverse ICS unresponsiveness. In this review, we present and discuss the current knowledge on the role of IL-17 in asthma and its interaction with the Th2 pathway, focusing on the rationale for therapeutic targeting of the IL-17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Farah Rahmawati
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Maurice te Velde
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Huib A. M. Kerstjens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Reinoud Gosens
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14
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Hirano T, Matsunaga K, Oishi K, Doi K, Harada M, Suizu J, Murakawa K, Chikumoto A, Ohteru Y, Matsuda K, Uehara S, Hamada K, Ohata S, Murata Y, Yamaji Y, Asami-Noyama M, Edakuni N. Abundant TNF-LIGHT expression in the airways of patients with asthma with persistent airflow limitation: Association with nitrative and inflammatory profiles. Respir Investig 2021; 59:651-660. [PMID: 34244107 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the inflammatory secretory protein TNF-LIGHT (LIGHT) in the molecular mechanisms underlying persistent airflow limitation (PAL) in asthma remains unclear. We hypothesized that high airway LIGHT expression may be a feature of asthma with PAL associated with specific expression patterns of inflammatory molecules. METHODS This hypothesis was tested in 16 patients with asthma on inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Induced sputum was collected, the expression of LIGHT and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), which reflects the footprint of reactive nitrogen species content, was measured using immunohistochemical staining, and the inflammatory molecules in the sputum supernatant were analyzed using a magnetic bead array. RESULTS LIGHT staining in the cells had a significantly higher intensity in participants with PAL than in participants without PAL (47.9 × 104/ml vs. 5.4 × 104/ml; p < 0.05). The array analysis indicated that IL-8, IL-19, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and osteopontin, were associated with high LIGHT immunoreactivity. The fractionation of 3-NT-positive cells was positively correlated with that of LIGHT-positive cells (r = 0.57, p < 0.05) and the TGF-β1 level (r = 0.61, p < 0.05). LIGHT- and 3-NT-positive cells showed significant positive correlation with the differential cell counts of neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils in the induced sputum. Intense immunoreactivities of LIGHT (r = -0.54, p < 0.05) and 3-NT (r = -0.42, p = 0.1) were negatively associated with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1/forced vital capacity ratio. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that LIGHT is a key component in the association between airway inflammation and airflow limitation in patients with asthma, and its expression may be persistently correlated with the abundance of inflammatory cells and inflammatory and profibrogenic radical/molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunahiko Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Matsunaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Oishi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Keiko Doi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Misa Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Junki Suizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Keita Murakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Ayumi Chikumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ohteru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Sho Uehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Ohata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Murata
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yamaji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Maki Asami-Noyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Edakuni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
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15
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Church JS, Tamayo JM, Ashwood P, Schwartzer JJ. Repeated allergic asthma in early versus late pregnancy differentially impacts offspring brain and behavior development. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:66-79. [PMID: 33358979 PMCID: PMC7979463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress during pregnancy and maternal inflammation are two common prenatal factors that impact offspring development. Asthma is the leading chronic condition complicating pregnancy and a common source of prenatal stress and inflammation. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to characterize the developmental impact of repeated allergic asthma inflammation during pregnancy on offspring behavioral outcomes and brain inflammation. METHODS Pregnant female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) or PBS vehicle control and then randomly assigned to receive daily aerosol exposures to the same OVA or PBS treatment during early, gestational days (GD) 2-GD9, or late pregnancy, GD10-GD17. Maternal sera were collected after the first and last aerosol induction regimen and measured for concentrations of corticosterone, anti-OVA IgE, and cytokine profiles. Juvenile male and female offspring were assessed for locomotor and social behaviors and later as adults assessed for anxiety-like, and marble burying behaviors using a series of behavioral tasks. Offspring brains were evaluated for region-specific differences in cytokine concentrations. RESULTS In early gestation, both PBS and OVA-exposed dams had similar serum corticosterone concentration at the start (GD2) and end (GD9) of daily aerosol inductions. Only OVA-exposed dams showed elevations in cytokines that imply a diverse and robust T helper cell-mediated immune response. Male offspring of early OVA-exposed dams showed decreases in open-arm exploration in the elevated plus maze and increased marble burying without concomitant changes in locomotor activity or social interactions. These behavioral deficits in early OVA-exposed male offspring were associated with lower concentrations of G-CSF, IL-4, IL-7, IFNγ, and TNFα in the hypothalamus. In late gestation, both PBS and OVA-exposed dams had increased corticosterone levels at the end of daily aerosol inductions (GD17) compared to at the start of inductions (GD10). Male offspring from both PBS and OVA-exposed dams in late gestation showed similar decreases in open arm exploration on the elevated plus maze compared to OVA male offspring exposed in early gestation. No behavioral differences were present in female offspring across all treatment groups. However, females of dams exposed to OVA during early gestation displayed similar reductions as males in hypothalamic G-CSF, IL-7, IL-4, and IFNγ. DISCUSSION The inflammatory responses from maternal allergic asthma in early gestation and resulting increases in anxiety-like behavior in males support a link between the timing of prenatal insults and sex-specific developmental outcomes. Moreover, the heightened stress responses in late gestation and concomitant dampened inflammatory response to allergic asthma suggest that interactions between the maternal immune and stress-response systems shape early life fetal programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Church
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA
| | - Juan M Tamayo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Paul Ashwood
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jared J Schwartzer
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA.
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The Herbal Cocktail GSYJ Attenuated Airway Inflammatory Cell Infiltration in a Chronic Asthmatic Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6691475. [PMID: 33708257 PMCID: PMC7932788 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6691475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the potential therapeutic efficacy of GSYJ in attenuating asthma symptom severity and aimed to determine the immunomodulatory mechanism of GSYJ. A mouse model of chronic asthma induced by repeated Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) challenge was established. In addition, 30 minutes before Der p challenge, the mice were orally administered GSYJ (1 g/kg). The mice were sacrificed to evaluate inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition in the lung, total IgE in serum, and expression profiles of various cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and various genes in lung tissue. Furthermore, 30 minutes after the addition of GSYJ to RAW264.7 cell cultures, 100 ng/ml LPS was added to evaluate the effect of the drug on the LPS-induced expression of genes, proteins, and transcription factors. GSYJ may regulate transcription factors (cJUN/IRF3/NF-κB) to decrease the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, RANTES, and iNOS in macrophages and affect the IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-5, and IL-6 levels in the BALF of mice to relieve asthma symptoms, such as inflammatory cell infiltration, hyperresponsiveness, and increased serum total IgE levels. Therefore, GSYJ has the potential to be developed into a drug treatment for chronic asthma.
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17
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Alessandrini F, Musiol S, Schneider E, Blanco-Pérez F, Albrecht M. Mimicking Antigen-Driven Asthma in Rodent Models-How Close Can We Get? Front Immunol 2020; 11:575936. [PMID: 33101301 PMCID: PMC7555606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with increasing prevalence worldwide characterized by chronic airway inflammation, increased mucus secretion and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The phenotypic heterogeneity among asthmatic patients is accompanied by different endotypes, mainly Type 2 or non-Type 2. To investigate the pathomechanism of this complex disease many animal models have been developed, each trying to mimic specific aspects of the human disease. Rodents have classically been employed in animal models of asthma. The present review provides an overview of currently used Type 2 vs. non-Type 2 rodent asthma models, both acute and chronic. It further assesses the methods used to simulate disease development and exacerbations as well as to quantify allergic airway inflammation, including lung physiologic, cellular and molecular immunologic responses. Furthermore, the employment of genetically modified animals, which provide an in-depth understanding of the role of a variety of molecules, signaling pathways and receptors implicated in the development of this disease as well as humanized models of allergic inflammation, which have been recently developed to overcome differences between the rodent and human immune systems, are discussed. Nevertheless, differences between mice and humans should be carefully considered and limits of extrapolation should be wisely taken into account when translating experimental results into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Alessandrini
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Musiol
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schneider
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Melanie Albrecht
- Molecular Allergology/Vice President's Research Group, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
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18
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Xue K, Ruan L, Hu J, Fu Z, Tian D, Zou W. Panax notoginseng saponin R1 modulates TNF-α/NF-κB signaling and attenuates allergic airway inflammation in asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106860. [PMID: 32771949 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Panax notoginseng saponin R1 (PNS-R1) is one of the most important chemical monomers derived from the panax notoginseng, and our previous study found that PNS-R1 reduced glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in asthmatic airway epithelial cells. Thus, in this study, we explored the effects of the PNS-R1 on inflammation of allergic asthma. METHODS The asthmatic mice were administered 15 mg/kg PNS-R1 by intraperitoneal injection three days before sensitized to OVA. The effects of PNS-R1 on asthmatic mice were detected by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, mucus hypersecretion and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-13, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were studied. We also treated human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) with house dust mites (HDM) and then detected the secretion of cellular inflammatory factors (IL-13 and TNF-α). Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to examine the effect of PNS-R1 on TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. TNF-α/NF-κB/IKK signal pathway activator was used in PNS-R1-treated asthmatic mice. RESULTS PNS-R1 significantly reduced the airway inflammatory, mucus secretion and hyperresponsiveness in asthma model. It also reduced the levels of IL-13, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum for asthma mice. PNS-R1 reduced IL-13 and TNF-α secretion in HDM-treated 16HBE cells. In addition, PNS-R1 suppressed TNF-α/NF-κB pathway in both asthmatic mice and 16HBE. Activation of NF-kB pathway reversed the therapeutic effect of PNS-R1 on asthmatic mice. CONCLUSION The results indicated that PNS-R1 effectively suppresses allergic airway inflammation of asthma partly through TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. PNS-R1 may play a potential role in allergic asthma treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjiao Xue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lingying Ruan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Daiyin Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Wenjing Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China.
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19
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Hynes GM, Hinks TSC. The role of interleukin-17 in asthma: a protective response? ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00364-2019. [PMID: 32494573 PMCID: PMC7248344 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00364-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While there now exist effective treatments for type 2 high, eosinophilic asthma, there are no specific therapies for 40–50% of people with asthma with other phenotypes, which result from poorly understood underlying pathological mechanisms. One such pathology is neutrophilic inflammation, which has been associated with interleukin (IL)-17 family cytokines. Human genetic studies identified IL-17 polymorphisms associated with asthma; in murine models of allergic airways disease, IL-17A contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness, and in humans, elevated airway IL-17A levels are repeatedly observed in severe asthma. However, the directionality of this association is unknown, and the assumption that IL-17 cytokines drive disease pathology remains speculative. Here, we explore the evidence underlying the relationship between IL-17 and asthma, we review lessons learned from investigating IL-17 in other inflammatory diseases, and discuss the possibility that IL-17 may even be protective in asthma rather than pathogenic. We also critically examine the newly proposed paradigm of a reciprocal relationship between type 2 and type 17 airways inflammation. In summary, we suggest an association between IL-17 and asthma, but research is needed examining the diverse functions of these cytokines, their longitudinal stability, their response to clinical interventions, and for mechanistic studies determining whether they are protective or pathogenic. IL-17 cytokines have been implicated in neutrophilic asthma by genetic, murine and human data. Here, previous studies are critiqued and the assumption their dominant role is pathogenic rather than protective of airway epithelial barrier integrity is challenged.http://bit.ly/3axB4Zs
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth M Hynes
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy S C Hinks
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Xing Y, Wei H, Xiao X, Chen Z, Liu H, Tong X, Zhou W. Methylated Vnn1 at promoter regions induces asthma occurrence via the PI3K/Akt/NFκB-mediated inflammation in IUGR mice. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio049106. [PMID: 32139393 PMCID: PMC7197710 DOI: 10.1242/bio.049106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) have a high risk of developing bronchial asthma in childhood, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to disclose the role of vascular non-inflammatory molecule 1 (vannin-1, encoded by the Vnn1 gene) and its downstream signaling in IUGR asthmatic mice induced by ovalbumin. Significant histological alterations and an increase of vannin-1 expression were revealed in IUGR asthmatic mice, accompanied by elevated methylation of Vnn1 promoter regions. In IUGR asthmatic mice, we also found (i) a direct binding of HNF4α and PGC1α to Vnn1 promoter by ChIP assay; (ii) a direct interaction of HNF4α with PGC1α; (iii) upregulation of phospho-PI3K p85/p55 and phospho-AktSer473 and downregulation of phospho-PTENTyr366, and (iv) an increase in nuclear NFκB p65 and a decrease in cytosolic IκB-α. In primary cultured bronchial epithelial cells derived from the IUGR asthmatic mice, knockdown of Vnn1 prevented upregulation of phospho-AktSer473 and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TGF-β production. Taken together, we demonstrate that elevated vannin-1 activates the PI3K/Akt/NFκB signaling pathway, leading to ROS and inflammation reactions responsible for asthma occurrence in IUGR individuals. We also disclose that interaction of PGC1α and HNF4α promotes methylation of Vnn1 promoter regions and then upregulates vannin-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongling Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiumei Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zekun Chen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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21
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Gupta G, Baumlin N, Poon J, Ahmed B, Chiang YP, Railwah C, Kim MD, Rivas M, Goldenberg H, Elgamal Z, Salathe M, Panwala AA, Dabo A, Huan C, Foronjy R, Jiang XC, Wadgaonkar R, Geraghty P. Airway Resistance Caused by Sphingomyelin Synthase 2 Insufficiency in Response to Cigarette Smoke. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:342-353. [PMID: 31517509 PMCID: PMC7055695 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0133oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin synthase is responsible for the production of sphingomyelin (SGM), the second most abundant phospholipid in mammalian plasma, from ceramide, a major sphingolipid. Knowledge of the effects of cigarette smoke on SGM production is limited. In the present study, we examined the effect of chronic cigarette smoke on sphingomyelin synthase (SGMS) activity and evaluated how the deficiency of Sgms2, one of the two isoforms of mammalian SGMS, impacts pulmonary function. Sgms2-knockout and wild-type control mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 6 months, and pulmonary function testing was performed. SGMS2-dependent signaling was investigated in these mice and in human monocyte-derived macrophages of nonsmokers and human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells isolated from healthy nonsmokers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic cigarette smoke reduces SGMS activity and Sgms2 gene expression in mouse lungs. Sgms2-deficient mice exhibited enhanced airway and tissue resistance after chronic cigarette smoke exposure, but had similar degrees of emphysema, compared with smoke-exposed wild-type mice. Sgms2-/- mice had greater AKT phosphorylation, peribronchial collagen deposition, and protease activity in their lungs after smoke inhalation. Similarly, we identified reduced SGMS2 expression and enhanced phosphorylation of AKT and protease production in HBE cells isolated from subjects with COPD. Selective inhibition of AKT activity or overexpression of SGMS2 reduced the production of several matrix metalloproteinases in HBE cells and monocyte-derived macrophages. Our study demonstrates that smoke-regulated Sgms2 gene expression influences key COPD features in mice, including airway resistance, AKT signaling, and protease production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Gupta
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Nathalie Baumlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Justin Poon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Begum Ahmed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | - Michael D. Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Melissa Rivas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Hannah Goldenberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Ziyad Elgamal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Matthias Salathe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Apurav A. Panwala
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Abdoulaye Dabo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
| | - Chongmin Huan
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
| | - Xian-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Raj Wadgaonkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
- VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology, and
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22
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Manni ML, Alcorn JF. Calprotectin-g the Lung during Type 2 Allergic Airway Inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 61:405-407. [PMID: 31046403 PMCID: PMC6775944 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0125ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Manni
- Department of PediatricsUPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John F Alcorn
- Department of PediatricsUPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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23
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Dias ASO, Santos ICL, Delphim L, Fernandes G, Endlich LR, Cafasso MOSD, Maranhão AL, da Silva SR, Andrade RM, Agrawal A, Linhares UC, Bento CAM. Serum leptin levels correlate negatively with the capacity of vitamin D to modulate the in vitro cytokines production by CD4 + T cells in asthmatic patients. Clin Immunol 2019; 205:93-105. [PMID: 31173888 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Both obesity and low vitamin D levels have been associated with allergic asthma (AA) severity. In the present study, severity of AA was associated with obesity but to the in vitro IgE production. In those patients, higher levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17 were quantified in CD4+ T-cell cultures as compared with patients with mild and moderate AA. In addition, the lowest IL-10 levels were detected in the cell cultures from patients with a worse prognosis. Interestingly, the occurrence of AA elevates the plasma levels of leptin, and this adipokine was positively correlated with the release of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17, but inversely correlated with IL-10 production, by CD4+ T-cells from patients. In AA-derived CD4+ T-cell cultures, 1,25(OH)2D3 was less efficient at inhibiting IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17 production, and up regulating IL-10 release, as those from healthy subjects. Interestingly, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D were inversely correlated with serum leptin levels. In summary, our findings suggested that obesity, probably due to the overproduction of leptin, negatively impacts AA as it favors imbalance between Th2/Th17 and regulatory phenotypes. The deleterious effects of leptin may also be due to its ability to counter-regulate the immunosuppressive effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleida S O Dias
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Post-graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabelle C L Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Delphim
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa R Endlich
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Maranhão
- Pulmonology Service, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Regis M Andrade
- Department of General Medicine Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anshu Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ulisses C Linhares
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cleonice A M Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Post-graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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24
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Durante M, Sgambellone S, Lanzi C, Nardini P, Pini A, Moroni F, Masini E, Lucarini L. Effects of PARP-1 Deficiency and Histamine H 4 Receptor Inhibition in an Inflammatory Model of Lung Fibrosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:525. [PMID: 31164820 PMCID: PMC6535496 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is the most frequent form of interstitial lung disease. Effective therapies are not yet available; novel therapeutic approaches are needed for counteracting fibrosis. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases are enzymes, involved in DNA repair and cell apoptosis. PARP-1 deficient mice exhibited reduced lung fibrosis in response to bleomycin treatment compared to wild-type controls. Histamine H4 receptors (H4Rs) have been recognized as a new target for inflammatory and immune diseases, and H4R ligands reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in lung tissue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cross-talk between PARP-1 and H4R in a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in PARP-1−/− and WT mice. Animals were treated with bleomycin or saline by intra-tracheal injection. JNJ7777120, an H4R antagonist, or VUF8430, an H4R agonist, were administered i.p for 21 days. Airway resistance to inflation was evaluated, and lung tissues were processed for PARylated protein content, oxidative stress evaluation, and histology of small bronchi. The levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β and TNF-α), regulatory (IL-10), and pro-fibrotic (TGF-β) cytokines were evaluated. The deposition of αSMA was determined by immunofluorescence analysis. The results indicate that JNJ7777120 reduces PARylated protein production, decreases oxidative stress damage, and MPO, a marker for leukocyte tissue infiltration, in PARP-1−/− mice. A significant decrease in the production of both IL-1β and TNF-α and a significant increase in IL-10 levels are observed in mice treated with H4R antagonist, suggesting a crucial anti-inflammatory activity of JNJ7777120. The smooth muscle layer thickness, the goblet cell relative number, and collagen deposition decreased following JNJ7777120 administration. The H4R antagonist treatment also reduces TGF-β production and αSMA deposition, suggesting an important role of JNJ7777120 in airway remodeling. Our results show that PARylation is essential for the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and propose that PARP-1 and H4Rs are both involved in inflammatory and fibrotic responses. JNJ7777120 treatment, in a condition of PARP-1 inhibition, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects, reducing airway remodeling and bronchoconstriction. Therefore, selective inhibition of H4Rs together with non-toxic doses of selective PARP-1 inhibitors could have clinical relevance for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaconcetta Durante
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Lanzi
- Medical Toxicology Unit, Careggi-University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nardini
- Section of Histology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Section of Histology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lucarini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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25
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Al-Harbi NO, Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, AlThagfan SS, Alqinyah M, Alqahtani F, Ibrahim KE, Al-Harbi MM. Sulforaphane treatment reverses corticosteroid resistance in a mixed granulocytic mouse model of asthma by upregulation of antioxidants and attenuation of Th17 immune responses in the airways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:276-284. [PMID: 31100413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane has received considerable attention in recent years due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its preventive effect in the inhibition of airway inflammation is known; however, whether it affects mixed granulocyte asthma (corticosteroid resistance phenotype) is largely undiscovered. Therefore, we assessed the effect of pharmacological activation of Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor, using sulforaphane in a mouse model of mixed granulocyte airway inflammation. Mice were sensitized and challenged with cockroach allergen extract (CE), and airway inflammatory parameters and markers of steroid resistance [Nrf2 activity, oxidant-antioxidant balance in airway epithelial cells (AECs)/lung, and IL-17A-related pathway in Th17 cells and dendritic cells (DCs)] were investigated. Our results show that sulforaphane administration reduced neutrophilic airway inflammation, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and Th17 immune responses in a mixed granulocyte mouse model of asthma through Nrf2 activation. On the other hand, corticosteroid treatment decreased Th2/eosinophilic immune responses but had little on Th17/neutrophilic immune responses. However, combined treatment with both almost completely blocked both neutrophilic/eosinophilic and Th17/Th2 immune responses in the lung. Sulforaphane treatment led to induction of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx) in AECs and pulmonary non-enzymatic antioxidants. Further, it led to reduction in inflammatory cytokines (IL-6/IL-23/IL-17A) in Th17 cells/CD11c + DCs during mixed granulocytic inflammation. Collectively, our study presents the evidence that activation of Nrf2 by sulforaphane reduces neutrophilic airway inflammation by upregulation of antioxidants and downregulation of inflammatory cytokines in airways. This is possibly the basis for reversal of corticosteroid resistance in this model. This shows the therapeutic potential of sulforaphane in mixed granulocyte asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S AlThagfan
- Clinical and Hospital Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqinyah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Mouse models of severe asthma for evaluation of therapeutic cytokine targeting. Immunol Lett 2019; 207:73-83. [PMID: 30659868 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease of the airways, which requires treatment with high-dose inhaled corticosteroids or their systemic administration, yet often remains uncontrolled despite this therapy. Over the past decades, research efforts into phenotyping of severe asthma and defining the pathological mechanisms of this disease were successful largely due to the development of appropriate animal models. Recent identification of distinct inflammatory patterns of severe asthma endotypes led to novel treatment approaches, including targeting specific cytokines or their receptors with neutralizing antibodies. Here we discuss how different experimental mouse models contributed to generation of clinically relevant findings concerning pathogenesis of severe asthma and to identification of potential targets for biologic therapy.
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27
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Wu Y, Yue J, Wu J, Zhou W, Li D, Ding K, Barnie PA, Xu X, Xu H, Shi W. Obesity May Provide Pro-ILC3 Development Inflammatory Environment in Asthmatic Children. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1628620. [PMID: 30622974 PMCID: PMC6304845 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1628620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in children has dramatically increased in the last few decades, and obesity has also emerged as an important risk factor for asthma. Innate mechanisms have been shown to be involved in both diseases, particularly through the recently described innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), in which ILC3s have been linked to obesity both in human and in murine models. The aim of this study was to explore whether being overweight in asthmatic children was associated with elevated circulating ILC3 or elevated messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of RORC, IL-17A, and IL-22. Our results showed significantly elevated ILC3 frequencies in overweight asthmatic children compared with nonoverweight controls based on the detection of Lin+CD127+IL-23R+ cells by flow cytometry. Moreover, elevated ILC3 frequencies positively correlated with the mRNA expression of RORC which has been identified as a transcription factor of ILC3s. The relative mRNA expression level of IL-17A was also upregulated in overweight compared to nonoverweight children, as was the relative mRNA level of IL-22. However, there were no correlations between ILC3 frequencies or the expressions of RORC, IL-17A, and IL-22 and asthma severity. These results suggested that childhood obesity is an independent factor that is associated with an elevated frequency of circulating ILC3s and higher expressions of RORC, IL-22, and IL-17A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Jiawei Yue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Juncheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, China
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Prince Amoah Barnie
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Weifeng Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
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28
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Lu Y, Kared H, Tan SW, Becht E, Newell EW, Van Bever HPS, Ng TP, Larbi A. Dynamics of helper CD4 T cells during acute and stable allergic asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1640-1652. [PMID: 30087444 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Asthma comprises heterogeneous clinical subtypes driven by diverse pathophysiological mechanisms. We characterized the modulation of the inflammatory environment with the phenotype, gene expression, and function of helper CD4 T cells among acutely exacerbated and stable asthma patients. Systemic Th2 immune deviation (IgE and Th2 cytokines) and inflammation (IL-6, CRP) were associated with increased Th17 cells during acute asthma. Th2/Th17 cell differentiation during acute asthma was regulated by the enhanced expression of transcription factors (c-MAF, IRF-4). The development of pathogenic Th2 cells during acute asthma was characterized by the secretion of inflammatory cytokines coupled with Th2 molecules and PPARγ expression. The acquisition of CD15S, CD39, CD101, and CCR4 contributed to the increased heterogeneity of Regulatory T cells during asthma. Two clusters were derived from above cytokines, CD4 T cell phenotypes, and clinical data. Cluster 1, characterized by high eosinophils, Th2 and ILC2 frequencies, and higher exacerbation rates, may represent Th2-high subtype. Cluster 2 represents a more complex subtype; it is constituted by higher neutrophils or Th17 frequencies, higher inhaled corticosteroids dose and poor asthma control. In conclusion, we characterized systematically and longitudinally Th2-high and non-Th2 asthma subtypes and the heterogeneity of CD4 T cells in stable and acute asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Lu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hassen Kared
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Wen Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Etienne Becht
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evan W Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hugo P S Van Bever
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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29
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Chakraborty A, Boer JC, Selomulya C, Plebanski M, Royce SG. Insights into endotoxin-mediated lung inflammation and future treatment strategies. Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:941-955. [PMID: 30221563 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1523009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway inflammatory disorders are prevalent diseases in need of better management and new therapeutics. Immunotherapies offer a solution to the problem of corticosteroid resistance. Areas covered: The current review focuses on lipopolysaccharide (Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin)-mediated inflammation in the lung and the animal models used to study related diseases. Endotoxin-induced lung pathology is usually initiated by antigen presenting cells (APC). We will discuss different subsets of APC including lung dendritic cells and macrophages, and their role in responding to endotoxin and environmental challenges. Expert commentary: The pharmacotherapeutic considerations to combat airway inflammation should cost-effectively improve quality of life with sustainable and safe strategies. Selectively targeting APCs in the lung offer the potential for a promising new strategy for the better management and treatment of inflammatory lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Chakraborty
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Australia.,b Department of Immunology and Pathology , Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Jennifer C Boer
- b Department of Immunology and Pathology , Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Cordelia Selomulya
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Australia
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- b Department of Immunology and Pathology , Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,c School of Health and Biomedical Sciences and Enabling Capability platforms, Biomedical and Health Innovation , RMIT University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Simon G Royce
- d Central Clinical School , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia.,e Department of Pharmacology , Monash University , Clayton , Australia
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30
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Dos Santos TM, Righetti RF, Camargo LDN, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Aristoteles LRCRB, de Souza FCR, Fukuzaki S, Alonso-Vale MIC, Cruz MM, Prado CM, Leick EA, Martins MA, Tibério IFLC. Effect of Anti-IL17 Antibody Treatment Alone and in Combination With Rho-Kinase Inhibitor in a Murine Model of Asthma. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1183. [PMID: 30233389 PMCID: PMC6134017 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Rho-kinase (ROCK) play an important role in regulating the expression of inflammatory mediators, immune cell recruitment, hyper-responsiveness, tissue remodeling, and oxidative stress. Modulation of IL-17 and ROCK proteins may represent a promising approach for the treatment of this disease. Objective: To study the effects of an anti-IL17 neutralizing antibody and ROCK inhibitor treatments, separately and in combination, in a murine model of chronic allergy-induced lung inflammation. Methods: Sixty-four BALBc mice, were divided into eight groups (n = 8): SAL (saline-instilled); OVA (exposed-ovalbumin); SAL-RHOi (saline and ROCK inhibitor), OVA-RHOi (exposed-ovalbumin and ROCK inhibitor); SAL-anti-IL17 (saline and anti-IL17); OVA-anti-IL17 (exposed-ovalbumin and anti-IL17); SAL-RHOi-anti-IL17 (saline, ROCK inhibitor and anti-IL17); and OVA-RHOi-anti-IL17 (exposed-ovalbumin, anti-IL17, and ROCK inhibitor). A 28-day protocol of albumin treatment was used for sensitization and induction of pulmonary inflammation. The anti-IL17A neutralizing antibody (7.5 μg per treatment) was administered by intraperitoneal injection and ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) intranasally (10 mg/kg), 1 h prior to each ovalbumin challenge (days 22, 24, 26, and 28). Results: Treatment with the anti-IL17 neutralizing antibody and ROCK inhibitor attenuated the percentage of maximal increase of respiratory system resistance and respiratory system elastance after challenge with methacholine and the inflammatory response markers evaluated (CD4+, CD8+, ROCK1, ROCK2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, TGF-β, NF-κB, dendritic cells, iNOS, MMP-9, MMP-12, TIMP-1, FOXP3, isoprostane, biglycan, decorin, fibronectin, collagen fibers content and gene expression of IL-17, VAChT, and arginase) compared to the OVA group (p < 0.05). Treatment with anti-IL17 and the ROCK inhibitor together resulted in potentiation in decreasing the percentage of resistance increase after challenge with methacholine, decreased the number of IL-5 positive cells in the airway, and reduced, IL-5, TGF-β, FOXP3, ROCK1 and ROCK2 positive cells in the alveolar septa compared to the OVA-RHOi and OVA-anti-IL17 groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Anti-IL17 treatment alone or in conjunction with the ROCK inhibitor, modulates airway responsiveness, inflammation, tissue remodeling, and oxidative stress in mice with chronic allergic lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabata M Dos Santos
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato F Righetti
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro do N Camargo
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M Saraiva-Romanholo
- Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, LIM-20, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, University City of São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia C R de Souza
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maysa M Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | - Edna A Leick
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton A Martins
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Alfardan AS, Nadeem A, Ahmad SF, Al-Harbi NO, Al-Harbi MM, AlSharari SD. Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) enhances cockroach allergen extract-driven airway inflammation by enhancing pulmonary Th2 as well as Th17 immune responses in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:327-339. [PMID: 29567418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a gradual increase in the prevalence of asthma. Various factors including environmental pollutants have contributed to this phenomenon. Plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is one of the commonest environmental pollutants due to its association with plastic products. DEHP gets released from plastic products easily leading to respiratory exposure in humans. As a consequence, DEHP is associated with allergic asthma in humans and animals. DEHP is reported to act as an adjuvant in ovalbumin-induced mouse models of asthma at high doses. However, these studies mostly looked into the role of DEHP on Th2 cytokines/eosinophilic inflammation without investigating the role of airway epithelial cells (AECs)/dendritic cells (DCs)/Th17 cells. Its adjuvant activity with natural allergens such as cockroach allergens at tolerable daily intake needs to be explored. Cockroach allergens and DEHP may be inhaled together due to their coexistence in work place as well as household environments. Therefore, effect of DEHP was assessed in cockroach allergens extract (CE)-induced mouse model of asthma. Airway inflammation, histopathology, mucus secretion, and immune responses related to Th2/Th17/DCs and AECs were assessed in mice with DEHP exposure alone and in combination with CE. Our study shows that DEHP converts CE-induced eosinophilic inflammation into mixed granulocytic inflammation by promoting Th2 as well as Th17 immune responses. This was probably due to downregulation of E-cadherin in AECs, and enhancement of costimulatory molecules (MHCII/CD86/CD40)/pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6/MCP-1) in DCs by DEHP. This suggests that DEHP facilitates development of mixed granulocytic airway inflammation in the presence of a natural allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alfardan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir D AlSharari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Rich HE, Alcorn JF. IL-17 Strikes a Chord in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:669-670. [PMID: 29708399 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0078ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Rich
- 1 Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John F Alcorn
- 1 Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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33
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Inhibition of BET bromodomains restores corticosteroid responsiveness in a mixed granulocytic mouse model of asthma. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:222-233. [PMID: 29777682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by different endotypes/phenotypes. Th2/Th17 driven mixed granulocytic asthma is one of them and shows resistance to corticosteroid therapy. Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins are required for differentiation of Th17 cells which play a pivotal role in neutrophilic inflammation. Therefore, we sought to characterize the differential effects of BET inhibitor versus corticosteroids, and their potential synergism in cockroach allergen extract (CE)-induced mixed granulocytic (eosinophilic and neutrophilic) mouse model of asthma having Th2/Th17 endotype. Effects of BET inhibitor, (+)JQ-1 alone and in combination with dexamethasone (Dexa) were assessed on airway inflammation as well as Th2/Th17 related airway immune responses in CE-induced mixed granulocytic asthma. Markers of steroid resistance [histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), and oxidative stress] were also assessed in the lungs of mice and primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). BET inhibitor, (+)JQ-1 abolished Th17 driven neutrophilic inflammation in CE-induced mixed granulocytic asthma. Dexa had limited effect on overall airway inflammation despite having significant reductions in Th2 driven immune responses. However, combination of (+)JQ-1 with Dexa completely blocked both Th2 and /Th17 driven immune responses in the lung which led to significant reductions in eosinophils, neutrophils, and mucin secretion. (+)JQ-1 also reversed CE- and IL-17A-induced decrease in HDAC2 expression in murine and human airway epithelial cells respectively.
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34
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Lee B, Gopal R, Manni ML, McHugh KJ, Mandalapu S, Robinson KM, Alcorn JF. STAT1 Is Required for Suppression of Type 17 Immunity during Influenza and Bacterial Superinfection. Immunohorizons 2017; 1:81-91. [PMID: 29577113 PMCID: PMC5863918 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1700030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is an annual, global health care concern. Secondary bacterial pneumonia is a severe complication associated with primary influenza virus infection, often resulting in critical morbidity and mortality. Our laboratory has identified influenza-induced suppression of anti-bacterial Type 17 immunity as a mechanism for enhanced susceptibility to bacterial super-infection. We have shown that influenza-induced type I interferon impairs Type 17 activation. STAT1 is a transcription factor involved in interferon signaling, shared by type I, II, and III interferon. In this work, we investigated the role of STAT1 signaling during influenza, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) super-infection. STAT1-/- mice had increased morbidity and airway inflammation compared to control mice during influenza mono-infection. Despite this worsened anti-viral response, STAT1-/- mice were protected from super-infection bacterial burden and mortality compared to controls. Type 17 immune activation was increased in lymphocytes in STAT1-/- mice during super-infection. The elevation in Type 17 immunity was not related to increased IL-23 production, as type I interferon could inhibit IL-23 expression in a STAT1 independent manner. STAT1-/- antigen presenting cells were inherently biased towards Type 17 polarization compared to control cells. Further, STAT1-/- dendritic cells produced attenuated IL-6 and TNFα upon heat-killed S. aureus stimulation compared to control. Overall, these data indicate that STAT1 signaling plays a detrimental role in influenza, MRSA super-infection by controlling the magnitude of Type 17 immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Radha Gopal
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Michelle L. Manni
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kevin J. McHugh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Keven M. Robinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John F. Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
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35
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Memory-type ST2 +CD4 + T cells participate in the steroid-resistant pathology of eosinophilic pneumonia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6805. [PMID: 28754914 PMCID: PMC5533714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung develops an unique epithelial barrier system to protect host from continuous invasion of various harmful particles. Interleukin (IL-)33 released from epithelial cells in the lung drives the type 2 immune response by activating ST2− expressed immune cells in various allergic diseases. However, the involvement of memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells in such lung inflammation remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that intratracheal administration of IL-33 resulted in the substantial increase of numbers of tissue-resident memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells in the lung. Following enhanced production of IL-5 and IL-13, eosinophilic lung inflammation sequentially developed. IL-33-mediated eosinophilic lung inflammation was not fully developed in T cell-deficient Foxn1nu mice and NSG mice. Dexamethasone treatment showed limited effects on both the cell number and function of memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells. Thus our study provides novel insight into the pathogenesis of eosinophilic lung disease, showing that memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells are involved in IL-33-induced eosinophilic inflammation and elicited steroid-resistance.
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36
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Dua K, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM. Steroid resistance and concomitant respiratory infections: A challenging battle in pulmonary clinic. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:981-985. [PMID: 28900378 PMCID: PMC5579404 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology,Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Nicole G. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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37
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Maltby S, Tay HL, Yang M, Foster PS. Mouse models of severe asthma: Understanding the mechanisms of steroid resistance, tissue remodelling and disease exacerbation. Respirology 2017; 22:874-885. [PMID: 28401621 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe asthma has significant disease burden and results in high healthcare costs. While existing therapies are effective for the majority of asthma patients, treatments for individuals with severe asthma are often ineffective. Mouse models are useful to identify mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis and for the preclinical assessment of new therapies. In fact, existing mouse models have contributed significantly to our understanding of allergic/eosinophilic phenotypes of asthma and facilitated the development of novel targeted therapies (e.g. anti-IL-5 and anti-IgE). These therapies are effective in relevant subsets of severe asthma patients. Unfortunately, non-allergic/non-eosinophilic asthma, steroid resistance and disease exacerbation remain areas of unmet clinical need. No mouse model encompasses all features of severe asthma. However, mouse models can provide insight into pathogenic pathways that are relevant to severe asthma. In this review, as examples, we highlight models relevant to understanding steroid resistance, chronic tissue remodelling and disease exacerbation. Although these models highlight the complexity of the immune pathways that may underlie severe asthma, they also provide insight into new potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Maltby
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hock L Tay
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ming Yang
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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38
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Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Protein Inhibition Attenuates Neutrophil-dominant Allergic Airway Disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43139. [PMID: 28233801 PMCID: PMC5324049 DOI: 10.1038/srep43139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic asthma is a prevalent respiratory disease that is characterized by inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and airway hyperresponsiveness. The complexity of this heterogeneous disorder has commanded the need to better define asthma phenotypes based on underlying molecular mechanisms of disease. Although classically viewed as a type 2-regulated disease, type 17 helper T (Th17) cells are known to be influential in asthma pathogenesis, predominantly in asthmatics with neutrophilia and severe refractory disease. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) chromatin adaptors serve as immunomodulators by directly regulating Th17 responses and Th17-mediated pathology in murine models of autoimmunity and infection. Based on this, we hypothesized that BET proteins may also play an essential role in neutrophil-dominant allergic airway disease. Using a murine model of neutrophil-dominant allergic airway disease, we demonstrate that BET inhibition limits pulmonary inflammation and alters the Th17-related inflammatory milieu in the lungs. In addition, inhibition of BET proteins improved lung function (specifically quasi-static lung compliance and tissue elastance) and reduced mucus production in airways. Overall, these studies show that BET proteins may have a critical role in asthma pathogenesis by altering type 17 inflammation, and thus interfering with BET-dependent chromatin signaling may provide clinical benefits to patients suffering from asthma.
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Tian BP, Xia LX, Bao ZQ, Zhang H, Xu ZW, Mao YY, Cao C, Che LQ, Liu JK, Li W, Chen ZH, Ying S, Shen HH. Bcl-2 inhibitors reduce steroid-insensitive airway inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 140:418-430. [PMID: 28043871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthmatic inflammation is dominated by accumulation of either eosinophils, neutrophils, or both in the airways. Disposal of these inflammatory cells is the key to disease control. Eosinophilic airway inflammation is responsive to corticosteroid treatment, whereas neutrophilic inflammation is resistant and increases the burden of global health care. Corticosteroid-resistant neutrophilic asthma remains mechanistically poorly understood and requires novel effective therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the underlying mechanisms of airway inflammation persistence, as well as corticosteroid resistance, and to investigate a new strategy of effective treatment against corticosteroid-insensitive neutrophilic asthma. METHODS Mouse models of either eosinophil-dominated or neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation were used in this study to test corticosteroid sensitivity in vivo and in vitro. We also used vav-Bcl-2 transgenic mice to confirm the importance of granulocytes apoptosis in the clearance of airway inflammation. Finally, the Bcl-2 inhibitors ABT-737 or ABT-199 were tested for their therapeutic effects against eosinophilic or neutrophilic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. RESULTS Overexpression of Bcl-2 protein was found to be responsible for persistence of granulocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after allergic challenge. This was important because allergen-induced airway inflammation aggravated and persisted in vav-Bcl-2 transgenic mice, in which nucleated hematopoietic cells were overexpressed with Bcl-2 and resistant to apoptosis. The Bcl-2 inhibitors ABT-737 or ABT-199 play efficient roles in alleviation of either eosinophilic or corticosteroid-resistant neutrophilic airway inflammation by inducing apoptosis of immune cells, such as eosinophils, neutrophils, TH2 cells, TH17 cells, and dendritic cells. Moreover, these inhibitors were found to be more efficient than steroids to induce granulocyte apoptosis ex vivo from patients with severe asthma. CONCLUSION Apoptosis of inflammatory cells is essential for clearance of allergen-induced airway inflammation. The Bcl-2 inhibitors ABT-737 or ABT-199 might be promising drugs for the treatment of airway inflammation, especially for corticosteroid-insensitive neutrophilic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ping Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Qiang Bao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luan-Qing Che
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Kai Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songmin Ying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hua-Hao Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Site of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
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40
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Valladao AC, Frevert CW, Koch LK, Campbell DJ, Ziegler SF. STAT6 Regulates the Development of Eosinophilic versus Neutrophilic Asthma in Response to Alternaria alternata. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 197:4541-4551. [PMID: 27815425 PMCID: PMC5136320 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the expression of both Th2 and Th17 cytokines. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown a reciprocal regulation between Th2 and Th17 pathways, suggesting a potential induction of neutrophil-promoting Th17 inflammation in the absence of a Th2 response. Alternaria alternata is a clinically relevant allergen that is associated with severe and fatal asthma exacerbations. Exposure to A. alternata is characterized by a predominant Th2 response, but can also induce the production of factors associated with Th17 responses (e.g., CXCL8) from epithelial cells. Using a mouse model, we found that wild-type mice develop an eosinophilic Th2 airway disease in response to A. alternata exposure, whereas IL-4-, IL-13-, and STAT6-deficient mice exhibit a primarily neutrophilic response. Neutrophilic asthma in STAT6-/- mice was accompanied by elevated lung levels of TNF-α, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5, and was steroid resistant. Neutralization of Th17 signaling only partially reduced neutrophil numbers and total airway inflammation. Airway neutrophilia developed in RAG-deficient and CD4-depleted BALB/c mice, suggesting that the suppression of neutrophil responses is dependent on Th2 cytokine production by T cells and that airway neutrophilia is primarily an innate response to allergen. These results highlight the importance of combination therapies for treatment of asthma and establish a role for factors other than IL-17 as targets for neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Valladao
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and
| | - Charles W Frevert
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Lisa K Koch
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and
| | - Daniel J Campbell
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and
| | - Steven F Ziegler
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101;
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101; and
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41
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Poynter ME. Do insights from mice imply that combined Th2 and Th17 therapies would benefit select severe asthma patients? ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 4:505. [PMID: 28149867 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.11.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Poynter
- Vermont Lung Center, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Lucarini L, Durante M, Lanzi C, Pini A, Boccalini G, Calosi L, Moroni F, Masini E, Mannaioni G. HYDAMTIQ, a selective PARP-1 inhibitor, improves bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by dampening the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:324-335. [PMID: 27704718 PMCID: PMC5264150 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a severe disease characterized by excessive myofibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix and fibrils deposition, remodelling of lung parenchyma and pulmonary insufficiency. Drugs able to reduce disease progression are available, but therapeutic results are unsatisfactory; new and safe treatments are urgently needed. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerases‐1 (PARP‐1) is an abundant nuclear enzyme involved in key biological processes: DNA repair, gene expression control, and cell survival or death. In liver and heart, PARP‐1 activity facilitates oxidative damage, collagen deposition and fibrosis development. In this study, we investigated the effects of HYDAMTIQ, a potent PARP‐1 inhibitor, in a murine model of lung fibrosis. We evaluated the role of PARP on transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) expression and TGF‐β/SMAD signalling pathway in lungs. Mice were intratracheally injected with bleomycin and then treated with either vehicle or different doses of HYDAMTIQ for 21 days. Airway resistance to inflation and lung static compliance, markers of lung stiffness, were assayed. Histochemical and biochemical parameters to evaluate TGF‐β/SMAD signalling pathway with alpha‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA) deposition and the levels of a number of inflammatory markers (tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, iNOS and COX‐2) were performed. Bleomycin administration increased lung stiffness. It also increased lung PARP activity, TGF‐β levels, pSMAD3 expression, αSMA deposition and content of inflammatory markers. HYDAMTIQ attenuated all the above‐mentioned physiological, biochemical and histopathological markers. Our findings support the proposal that PARP inhibitors could have a therapeutic potential in reducing the progression of signs and symptoms of the disease by decreasing TGF‐β expression and the TGF‐β/SMAD transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Durante
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Lanzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Boccalini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Calosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Guido Mannaioni
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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