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Peña-Garcia PE, Morales-Ortiz J, Marrero-Palanco J, Virgillio A, Finette BA, Washington AV, Bonney EA. Decreased level of TREM like Transcript 1 (TLT-1) is associated with prematurity and promotes the in-utero inflammatory response to maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13772. [PMID: 37766406 PMCID: PMC10575570 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The occurrence of preterm birth is associated with multiple factors including bleeding, infection and inflammation. Platelets are mediators of hemostasis and can modulate inflammation through interactions with leukocytes. TREM like Transcript 1 (TLT-1) is a type 1 single Ig domain receptor on activated platelets. In adults, it plays a protective role by dampening the inflammatory response and facilitating platelet aggregation at sites of vascular injury. TLT-1 is expressed in human placenta and found in cord blood. We thus hypothesized that TLT-1 deficiency is associated with prematurity and fetal inflammation. METHOD OF STUDY To test this hypothesis, we examined cord blood levels of soluble TLT-1 (sTLT) in premature and term infants and compared the inflammatory response in C57BL/6 (WT) and TLT-1-/- (treml1-/- , KO) mice given intraperitoneal LPS mid-gestation RESULTS: The preterm infant cord blood level of sTLT was significantly lower than that found at term. On exposure to LPS, histology of KO (as compared to WT) placenta and decidua showed increased hemorrhage, and KO decidual RNA expression of IL-10 was significantly lower. KO fetal interface tissues (placenta, membranes, amniotic fluid) over time showed increased expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF, but not MCP-1. However, fetal organs showed similar levels. CONCLUSION There is a potential association between insufficient TLT-1 expression and increased fetal inflammatory responses in the setting of prematurity. The data support further study of TLT-1 in the mechanistic link between bleeding, inflammation and preterm birth, and perhaps as a biomarker in human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola E. Peña-Garcia
- University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
| | | | | | - Ariana Virgillio
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
| | - Barry A. Finette
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Bonney
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
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Gauthier T, Chen W. IFN-γ and TGF-β, Crucial Players in Immune Responses: A Tribute to Howard Young. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:643-654. [PMID: 36516375 PMCID: PMC9917322 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), both pleiotropic cytokines, have been long studied and described as critical mediators of the immune response, notably in T cells. One of the investigators who made seminal and critical discoveries in the field of IFN-γ biology is Dr. Howard Young. In this review, we provide an overview of the biology of IFN-γ as well as its role in cancer and autoimmunity with an emphasis on Dr. Young's critical work in the field. We also describe how Dr. Young's work influenced our own research studying the role of TGF-β in the modulation of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Gauthier
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - WanJun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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3
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Wang R, Bao W, Pal M, Liu Y, Yazdanbakhsh K, Zhong H. Intermediate monocytes induced by IFN-γ inhibit cancer metastasis by promoting NK cell activation through FOXO1 and interleukin-27. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003539. [PMID: 35091454 PMCID: PMC8804695 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating monocytes are functionally heterogeneous and can be divided into classical (CMo), intermediate (IMo), and non-CMo/patrolling monocyte (PMo) subsets. CMo can differentiate into PMo through IMo. PMos have been shown to inhibit cancer metastasis but the role of IMo is unclear. To date, no strategy has been developed to inhibit cancer metastasis through enhancing PMo/IMo differentiation. Methods We screened multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines activity of modulating PMo/IMo associated cell markers expression using human monocyte in vitro culture system. We tested our candidate cytokine activity in vivo using multiple mice models. We identified critical key factors and cytokines for our candidate cytokine activity by using gene-knockout mice and neutralization antibodies. Results We identified IFN-γ as a candidate inflammatory cytokine in the regulation of human IMo/PMo marker expression. Our in vivo data demonstrated that IMo expansion was induced by short-term (3 days) IFN-γ treatment through increasing CMo-IMo differentiation and blocking IMo-PMo differentiation. The IMo induced by IFN-γ (IFN-IMo), but not IFN-γ activated CMo (IFN-CMo), inhibited cancer metastasis by 90%. Surprizing, the effect of IFN-γ is greater in PMo deficiency mice, indicating the effect of IFN-IMo is not mediated through further differentiation into PMo. We also found that IFN-IMos induced by short-term IFN-γ treatment robustly boosted NK cell expansion for threefold and promoted NK differentiation and function through IL-27 and CXCL9. Furthermore, we identified that FOXO1, a key molecule controlling cellular energy metabolism, mediated the effect of IFN-γ induced IL-27 expression, and that NR4A1, a key molecule controlling PMo differentiation and inhibiting cancer metastasis, inhibited the pro-NK cell and anti-metastasis activity of IFN-IMo by suppressing CXCL9 expression. Conclusions We have discovered the antimetastasis and pro-NK cell activity of IFN-IMo, identified FOXO1 as a key molecule for IFN-γ driven monocyte differentiation and function, and found NR4A1 as an inhibitory molecule for IFN-IMo activity. Our study has not only shown novel mechanisms for a classical antitumor cytokine but also provided potential target for developing superior monocytic cell therapy against cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikang Wang
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weili Bao
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mouli Pal
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karina Yazdanbakhsh
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hui Zhong
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
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The Regulatory Role of IFN-γ on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 13:705-712. [PMID: 28852997 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The replenishment of all blood cell lineages is hierarchically organized by the process of hematopoiesis, which is based on the differentiation pathways of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Due to the ability to balance between self-renewal and differentiation, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can generate the appropriate cell type that is required by the immune system and peripheral blood in response to physiological or pathological conditions. Numerous studies have shown that some proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the regulation of the various hematopoietic compartments. Of these, IFN-γ is a type II interferon primarily produced by T cells and natural killer cells, and plays a major role in the defense against invading pathogens and transformed cancer cells; moreover, a growing amount of research indicates that it exerts negative or positive regulatory effect on hematopoiesis. Although IFN-γ is a widely regarded negative regulator of HSC proliferation, it also participates in some chronic infections or hematological malignancies that induce bone marrow failure. Recent studies have demonstrated unexpected effects of IFN-γ, including the promotion of HSC formation and the stimulation of myelopoiesis. Here, we review the direct and indirect effects of IFN-γ on hematopoiesis, as well as the underlying signaling mechanisms of how IFN-γ modulates the self-renewal, cell cycle entry, and proliferation of HSCs. Next, we describe how IFN-γ affects different stages of the lineage differentiation from HSCs. Finally, we discuss the relationship between IFN-γ and compensatory extramedullary hematopoiesis, as well as some related clinical diseases.
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5
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Di Scala M, Gil-Fariña I, Olagüe C, Vales A, Sobrevals L, Fortes P, Corbacho D, González-Aseguinolaza G. Identification of IFN-γ-producing T cells as the main mediators of the side effects associated to mouse interleukin-15 sustained exposure. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49008-49026. [PMID: 27356750 PMCID: PMC5226487 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cell growth-factor that regulates lymphocyte function and homeostasis. Its strong immunostimulatory activity coupled with an apparent lack of toxicity makes IL-15 an exciting candidate for cancer therapy, somehow limited by its short half-life in circulation. To increase IL-15 bioavailability we constructed a recombinant adeno-associated vector expressing murine IL-15 (AAV-mIL15) in the liver. Mice injected with AAV-mIL15 showed sustained and vector dose-dependent levels of IL-15/IL-15Rα complexes in serum, production of IFN-γ and activation of CD8+ T-cells and macrophages. The antitumoral efficacy of AAV-mIL15 was tested in a mouse model of metastatic colorectal cancer established by injection of MC38 cells. AAV-mIL15 treatment slightly inhibits MC38 tumor-growth and significantly increases the survival of mice. However, mIL-15 sustained expression was associated with development of side effects like hepatosplenomegaly, liver damage and the development of haematological stress, which results in the expansion of hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow. To elucidate the mechanism, we treated IFN-γ receptor-, RAG1-, CD1d- and µMT-deficient mice and performed adoptive transfer of bone marrow cells from WT mice to RAG1-defcient mice. We demonstrated that the side effects of murine IL-15 administration were mainly mediated by IFN-γ-producing T-cells. CONCLUSIONS IL-15 induces the activation and survival of effector immune cells that are necessary for its antitumoral activity; but, long-term exposure to IL-15 is associated with the development of important side effects mainly mediated by IFN-γ-producing T-cells. Strategies to modulate T-cell activation should be combined with IL-15 administration to reduce secondary adverse events while maintaining its antitumoral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Di Scala
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Gil-Fariña
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Olagüe
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Africa Vales
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luciano Sobrevals
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Puri Fortes
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Corbacho
- Imaging Unit and Cancer Imaging Laboratory, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria González-Aseguinolaza
- Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
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6
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Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells Stimulate Hematopoietic Progenitors by Promoting Cytokine Release from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2014; 14:460-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Strippoli R, Caiello I, De Benedetti F. Reaching the Threshold: A Multilayer Pathogenesis of Macrophage Activation Syndrome. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:761-7. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.121233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially fatal complication of rheumatic diseases. The condition is considered part of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytoses (HLH). There are similarities in genetic background, pathogenesis, and clinical and laboratory features with primary HLH (p-HLH). We describe findings in mouse models of secondary HLH, comparing them with models of p-HLH and the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, and relate them to recent findings in patients with secondary HLH. A multilayer model is presented in which background inflammation, infections, and genetics all contribute in different proportions and in several ways. Once the “threshold” has been reached, inflammatory cytokines are the final effectors, independent of the interplay between different upstream pathogenic factors.
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8
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Wu X, Chen Y, Sun R, Wei H, Tian Z. Impairment of hepatic NK cell development in IFN-γ deficient mice. Cytokine 2012; 60:616-25. [PMID: 22921904 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is already clearly demonstrated that IFN-γ plays important roles in differentiation and maturation of T cells, B cells and macrophages; however, it is not clear whether NK cell development is regulated by IFN-γ. In our study by using IFN-γ-deficient mice (GKO), we observed that the percentage and number of NK1.1(+)CD3(-) cells were declined significantly in the liver, but not in the spleen, bone marrow and lymph node, of adult IFN-γ(-/-) mice. However, Lin(-)CD122(+) NK progenitor cells developed normally both in liver and bone marrow in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Moreover, more mature CD27(-)CD11b(+) NK cells accumulated in the liver of IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Deficiency of IFN-γ resulted in the lower expression of CD69, GranzymeB and TRAIL by hepatic NK1.1(+)CD3(-) cells and the phenotypes of IFN-γ(-/-) hepatic NK1.1(+)CD3(-) cells were altered from WT hepatic NK cells. When stimulated with Poly (I:C) in vivo, attenuated accumulating in the liver and weaker expression of GranzymeB, TRAIL and FasL of NK1.1(+)CD3(-) cells were observed of IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Accordingly, these results demonstrate that IFN-γ plays important role in mounting liver environment for development of hepatic NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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9
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Song H, Yan YL, Titus T, He X, Postlethwait JH. The role of stat1b in zebrafish hematopoiesis. Mech Dev 2011; 128:442-56. [PMID: 21914475 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
STAT1 mediates response to interferons and regulates immunity, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and sensitivity of Fanconi Anemia cells to apoptosis after interferon signaling; the roles of STAT1 in embryos, however, are not understood. To explore embryonic functions of STAT1, we investigated stat1b, an unstudied zebrafish co-ortholog of human STAT1. Zebrafish stat1a encodes all five domains of the human STAT1-alpha splice form but, like the human STAT1-beta splice variant, stat1b lacks a complete transactivation domain; thus, two unlinked zebrafish paralogs encode protein forms translated from two splice variants of a single human gene, as expected by sub-functionalization after genome duplication. Phylogenetic and conserved synteny studies showed that stat1b and stat1a arose as duplicates in the teleost genome duplication (TGD) and clarified the evolutionary origin of STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A, STAT5B and STAT6 by tandem and genome duplication. RT-PCR revealed maternal expression of stat1a and stat1b. In situ hybridization detected stat1b but not stat1a expression in embryonic hematopoietic tissues. Morpholino knockdown of stat1b, but not stat1a, decreased expression of the myeloid and granulocyte markers spi and mpo and increased expression of the hematopoietic progenitor marker scl, the erythrocyte marker gata1, and hemoglobin. These results suggest that zebrafish Stat1b promotes myeloid development at the expense of erythroid development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1425 E. 13th Avenue, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
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10
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Stacey MA, Marsden M, Wang ECY, Wilkinson GWG, Humphreys IR. IL-10 restricts activation-induced death of NK cells during acute murine cytomegalovirus infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:2944-52. [PMID: 21849677 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-10 is an immunomodulatory cytokine that acts to antagonize T cell responses elicited during acute and chronic infections. Thus, the IL-10R signaling pathway provides a potential therapeutic target in strategies aimed at combating infectious diseases. In this study, we set out to investigate whether IL-10 expression had an effect on NK cells. Murine CMV infection provides the best characterized in vivo system to evaluate the NK cell response, with NK cells being critical in the early control of acute infection. Blockade of IL-10R during acute murine CMV infection markedly reduced the accumulation of cytotoxic NK cells in the spleen and lung, a phenotype associated with a transient elevation of virus DNA load. Impaired NK cell responsiveness after IL-10R blockade was attributed to elevated levels of apoptosis observed in NK cells exhibiting an activated phenotype. Therefore, we conclude that IL-10 contributes to antiviral innate immunity during acute infection by restricting activation-induced death in NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Stacey
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
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11
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Choi BK, Kim YH, Kim CH, Kim MS, Kim KH, Oh HS, Lee MJ, Lee DK, Vinay DS, Kwon BS. Peripheral 4-1BB Signaling Negatively Regulates NK Cell Development through IFN-γ. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:1404-11. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Amadori M, Cristiano A, Ferrari M. Constitutive expression of interferons in swine leukocytes. Res Vet Sci 2010; 88:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Zhao X, Ren G, Liang L, Ai PZ, Zheng B, Tischfield JA, Shi Y, Shao C. Brief report: interferon-gamma induces expansion of Lin(-)Sca-1(+)C-Kit(+) Cells. Stem Cells 2010; 28:122-6. [PMID: 19890981 DOI: 10.1002/stem.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The balance between Th1 and Th2 cells is critical for homeostasis of the immune system. Th1 cells can also regulate hematopoietic progenitor cell homeostasis by production of oncostatin M. Here we show that Th1 cell products, but not those of Th2 cells, caused a rapid expansion of lineage(-)Sca-1(+)C-kit(+) (LSK) cells in vivo and in vitro. Among Th1 cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) was found to play a major role in this expansion by activating the expression of Sca-1 in lineage(-)Sca-1(-)C-kit(+) cells. This process was dependent on IFNgammaR1 signaling and the STAT1 pathway. Furthermore, those IFNgamma-induced LSK cells had a higher proliferation potential than control LSK cells. In addition, while the overall production of colony-forming units in bone marrow was decreased after IFNgamma treatment, the sorted LSK cells could give rise to a higher yield of colony-forming units. Finally, the IFNgamma-induced hematopoiesis was biased toward the differentiation of myeloid lineages. Therefore, our findings demonstrated a novel role of IFNgamma in activating hematopoietic progenitor cells and provide a new insight into the clinical application of interferon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Kamizono S, Duncan GS, Seidel MG, Morimoto A, Hamada K, Grosveld G, Akashi K, Lind EF, Haight JP, Ohashi PS, Look AT, Mak TW. Nfil3/E4bp4 is required for the development and maturation of NK cells in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 206:2977-86. [PMID: 19995955 PMCID: PMC2806474 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20092176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor interleukin-3 (Nfil3; also known as E4-binding protein 4) is a basic region leucine zipper transcription factor that has antiapoptotic activity in vitro under conditions of growth factor withdrawal. To study the role of Nfil3 in vivo, we generated gene-targeted Nfil3-deficient (Nfil3−/−) mice. Nfil3−/− mice were born at normal Mendelian frequency and were grossly normal and fertile. Although numbers of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) T cells were normal in Nfil3−/− mice, a specific disruption in NK cell development resulted in severely reduced numbers of mature NK cells in the periphery. This defect was NK cell intrinsic in nature, leading to a failure to reject MHC class I–deficient cells in vivo and reductions in both interferon γ production and cytolytic activity in vitro. Our results confirm the specific and essential requirement of Nfil3 for the development of cells of the NK lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kamizono
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
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Nakagome K, Okunishi K, Imamura M, Harada H, Matsumoto T, Tanaka R, Miyazaki JI, Yamamoto K, Dohi M. IFN-γ Attenuates Antigen-Induced Overall Immune Response in the Airway As a Th1-Type Immune Regulatory Cytokine. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:209-20. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Becknell B, Hughes TL, Freud AG, Blaser BW, Yu J, Trotta R, Mao HC, Caligiuri de Jesús ML, Alghothani M, Benson DM, Lehman A, Jarjoura D, Perrotti D, Bates MD, Caligiuri MA. Hlx homeobox transcription factor negatively regulates interferon-gamma production in monokine-activated natural killer cells. Blood 2006; 109:2481-7. [PMID: 17110450 PMCID: PMC1852195 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-10-050096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells contribute to host immunity, including tumor surveillance, through the production of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). Although there is some knowledge about molecular mechanisms that induce IFN-gamma in NK cells, considerably less is known about the mechanisms that reduce its expression. Here, we investigate the role of the Hlx transcription factor in IFN-gamma production by NK cells. Hlx expression is induced in monokine-activated NK cells, but with delayed kinetics compared to IFN-gamma. Ectopic Hlx expression decreases IFN-gamma synthesis in primary human NK cells and IFN-gamma promoter activity in an NK-like cell line. Hlx protein levels inversely correlate with those of STAT4, a requisite factor for optimal IFN-gamma transcription. Mechanistically, we provide evidence indicating that Hlx overexpression accelerates dephosphorylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of the active Y693-phosphorylated form of STAT4. Thus, Hlx expression in activated NK cells temporally controls and limits the monokine-induced production of IFN-gamma, in part through the targeted depletion of STAT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Becknell
- Medical Scientist Program, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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17
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Hwang JH, Kim SW, Lee HJ, Yun HJ, Kim S, Jo DY. Interferon gamma has dual potential in inhibiting or promoting survival and growth of hematopoietic progenitors: interactions with stromal cell-derived factor 1. Int J Hematol 2006; 84:143-50. [PMID: 16926136 DOI: 10.1532/ijh97.a30606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We explored the possibility that interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) has bidirectional functions in the survival and growth of hematopoietic progenitors, especially with regard to interactions with stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). IFN-gamma partially rescued normal bone marrow CD34+ cells and colony-forming cells from apoptosis induced by serum and hematopoietic growth factor (HGF) deprivation, and SDF-1 further enhanced cell survival. Short-term IFN-gamma treatment of CD34+ cells in the absence of serum and HGFs enhanced the clonal growth of the cells in synergy with SDF-1. In contrast, IFN-gamma inhibited the clonal growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells in a standard methylcellulose clonogenic assay and inhibited the HGF-mediated survival of normal CD34+ cells. The addition of SDF-1 did not alter these outcomes. IFN-gamma did not enhance SDF-1-induced activation of PI3K/Akt or up-regulate the expression of CXCR4 or its function in bone marrow CD34+ cells. IFN-gamma up-regulated Socs1 messenger RNA expression in normal CD34+ cells, which was further enhanced with the addition of HGFs. These results indicate that IFN-gamma, partly in concert with SDF-1, exerts dual effects on the survival and growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells; the effects of IFN-gamma on hematopoietic progenitor cells can differ, depending on the particular in vitro experimental conditions, especially the presence of HGFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Hwang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejon, Korea
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18
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Dong Z, Zhang C, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z. Impaired NK cell cytotoxicity by high level of interferon-gamma in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 83:1045-53. [PMID: 16391713 DOI: 10.1139/y05-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Unlike T cells, the role of natural killer (NK) cells is not well documented in the concanavalin (ConA)- induced hepatitis model. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of high levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on NK cells in ConA-induced hepatitis. The cytotoxicities of NK cells from ConA-injected mice or NK cell lines (NK92 and NKL) were detected by the 4-h 51Cr release assay. Depletion of NK cells with AsGM1 antibody was used to assess the NK cell role in ConA-induced hepatitis. Expression of NK cell receptors and cytotoxic molecules was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Twelve hours after ConA injection, serum IFN-gamma was significantly increased in wild mice, but not in severe combined immunodeficiency mice, and hepatic NK cells exerted impaired cytotoxicity against YAC-l cells in wild mice. Eight hours after NK cells were incubated in serum from ConA-treated mice, NK cell cytotoxicity was down-modulated and the effect was abolished by pretreatment with neutralizing serum IFN-gamma with specific antibody in vitro. A high concentration of IFN-gamma (> 1000 U/mL) inhibited the cytotoxicities of 2 NK cell lines in vitro, accompanied with down-regulation of NKG2D transcripts and up-regulation of NKG2A/B and KIR2DL transcripts. The inhibitive role of IFN-gamma was not seen in NKG2D ligand negative cells. These results suggest that NK cell cytotoxicity was inhibited by high levels of IFN-gamma in ConA-induced hepatitis, which may relate to the dispensable role of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Dong
- Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
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Dong Z, Wei H, Sun R, Hu Z, Gao B, Tian Z. Involvement of natural killer cells in PolyI:C-induced liver injury. J Hepatol 2004; 41:966-73. [PMID: 15582130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2004.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2004] [Revised: 08/23/2004] [Accepted: 08/26/2004] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The roles of T cells, natural killer T cells (NKT) and macrophages in autoimmune hepatitis have been well documented. However, the roles of natural killer (NK) cells in liver injury remain obscure. Here we examined the effect of Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C)-activated NK cells on liver injury. METHODS Mice were intraperitoneally injected with PolyI:C at a dose of 20mug/g body wt. The percentage and absolute number of NK cells in the liver were analyzed with flow cytometry. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) assay and H-E staining were used to evaluate the liver injury. RESULTS Following PolyI:C injection, NK cells accumulation and activation occurred in the liver. Meanwhile, slight elevation of ALT/AST in the serum, mild inflammation and focal necrosis in the liver were also observed. Depletion of NK cells markedly attenuated PolyI:C-induced liver injury. Neutralization of endogenous Interleukin-12 produced by Kupffer cells abrogated the accumulation of NK cells in the liver and subsequent liver injury. The liver injury was also alleviated by neutralization of vascular cell adhesive molecule-1. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PolyI:C preferentially recruits and activates hepatic NK cells, which may be responsible for the mild hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Dong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 443 Huangshan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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Yu S, Sharp GC, Braley-Mullen H. Dual roles for IFN-gamma, but not for IL-4, in spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in NOD.H-2h4 mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2002; 169:3999-4007. [PMID: 12244202 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.7.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the thyroid by T and B lymphocytes. To investigate the roles of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of SAT, IFN-gamma(-/-) and IL-4(-/-) NOD.H-2h4 mice were generated. IL-4(-/-) mice developed lymphocytic SAT (L-SAT) comparable to that of wild-type (WT) mice. They produced little anti-mouse thyroglobulin (MTg) IgG1, but had levels of anti-MTg IgG2b comparable to WT mice. Compared with WT mice, IFN-gamma(-/-) mice produced significantly less anti-MTg IgG1 and IgG2b. Absence of IFN-gamma resulted in abnormal proliferation of thyroid epithelial cells with minimal lymphocyte infiltration. Thyroids of IFN-gamma(-/-) mice had markedly reduced B lymphocyte chemoattractant expression, B cell and plasma cell infiltration, and decreased MHC class II expression on thyrocytes compared with WT mice. Adoptive transfer of WT splenocytes to IFN-gamma(-/-) mice restored the capacity to develop typical L-SAT, enhanced anti-MTg IgG1 and IgG2b production, up-regulated MHC class II expression on thyrocytes and decreased thyrocyte proliferation. These results suggest that IFN-gamma plays a dual role in the development of SAT. IFN-gamma is required for development of L-SAT, and it also functions to inhibit thyroid epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguang Yu
- Department of. Internal Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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