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Wang M, Zhu M, Jia X, Wu J, Yuan Q, Xu T, Wang Z, Huang M, Ji N, Zhang M. LincR-PPP2R5C regulates IL-1β ubiquitination in macrophages and promotes airway inflammation and emphysema in a murine model of COPD. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112680. [PMID: 39018689 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease with high global morbidity and mortality. Macrophages release IL-1β and orchestrate airway inflammation in COPD. Previously, we explored the role of a new lncRNA, LincR-PPP2R5C, in regulating Th2 cells in asthma. Here, we established a murine model of COPD and explored the roles and mechanisms by which LincR-PPP2R5C regulates IL-1β in macrophages. LincR-PPP2R5C was highly expressed in pulmonary macrophages from COPD-like mice. LincR-PPP2R5C deficiency ameliorated emphysema and pulmonary inflammation, as characterized by reduced IL-1β in macrophages. Unexpectedly, in both lung tissues and macrophages, LincR-PPP2R5C deficiency decreased the expression of the IL-1β protein but not the IL-1β mRNA. Furthermore, we found that LincR-PPP2R5C deficiency increased the level of ubiquitinated IL-1β in macrophages, which was mediated by PP2A activity. Targeting PP2A with FTY720 decreased IL-1β and improved COPD. In conclusion, LincR-PPP2R5C regulates IL-1β ubiquitination by affecting PP2A activity in macrophages, contributing to the airway inflammation and emphysema in a murine model of COPD. PP2A and IL-1β ubiquitination in macrophages might be new therapeutic avenues for COPD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Manni Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Antibody Drug, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Yoshida K, Morishima Y, Ishii Y, Mastuzaka T, Shimano H, Hizawa N. Abnormal saturated fatty acids and sphingolipids metabolism in asthma. Respir Investig 2024; 62:526-530. [PMID: 38640569 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in fatty acid analysis have highlighted the links between lipid disruption and disease development. Lipid abnormalities are well-established risk factors for many of the most common chronic illnesses, and their involvement in asthma is also becoming clear. Here, we review research demonstrating the role of abnormal lipid metabolism in asthma, with a focus on saturated fatty acids and sphingolipids. High levels of palmitic acid, the most abundant saturated fatty acid in the human body, have been found in the airways of asthmatic patients with obesity, and were shown to worsen eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma model mice on a high-fat diet. Aside from being a building block of longer-chain fatty acids, palmitic acid is also the starting point for de novo synthesis of ceramides, a class of sphingolipids. We outline the three main pathways for the synthesis of ceramides, which have been linked to the severity of asthma and act as precursors for the dynamic lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P signaling is involved in allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and immune-cell trafficking. A recent study of mice with mutations for the elongation of very long-chain fatty acid family member 6 (Elovl6), an enzyme that elongates fatty acid chains, has highlighted the potential role of palmitic acid composition, and thus lipid balance, in the pathophysiology of allergic airway inflammation. Elovl6 may be a potential therapeutic target in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Yoshida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuko Morishima
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukio Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Ibaraki Higashi National Hospital, 825 Terunuma, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki, 319-1113, Japan
| | - Takashi Mastuzaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hizawa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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3
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Sha J, Zhang M, Feng J, Shi T, Li N, Jie Z. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger controls type 2 immune responses in the lungs by regulating lineage commitment and the function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111670. [PMID: 38373386 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses are critical for host defense, mediate allergy and Th2-high asthma. The transcription factor, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF), has emerged as a significant regulator of type 2 inflammation in the lung; however, its exact mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we summarized recent findings regarding the ability of PLZF to control the development and function of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), iNKT cells, memory T cells, basophils, and other immune cells that drive type 2 responses. We discussed the important role of PLZF in the pathogenesis of Th2-high asthma. Collectively, prior studies have revealed the critical role of PLZF in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells involved in type 2 inflammation in the lung. Therefore, targeting PLZF signaling represents a promising therapeutic approach to suppress Th2-high asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Sha
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyun Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Teymouri S, Pourbayram Kaleybar S, Hejazian SS, Hejazian SM, Ansarin K, Ardalan M, Zununi Vahed S. The effect of Fingolimod on patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2023; 11:e01039. [PMID: 36567519 PMCID: PMC9791159 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyper-inflammation, cytokine storm, and recruitment of immune cells lead to uncontrollable endothelial cell damage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling is needed for endothelial integrity and its decreased serum level is a predictor of clinical severity in COVID-19. In this clinical trial, the effect of Fingolimod, an agonist of S1P, was evaluated on patients with COVID-19. Forty patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 were enrolled and divided into two groups including (1) the control group (n = 21) receiving the national standard regimen for COVID-19 patients and (2) the intervention group (n = 19) that prescribed daily Fingolimod (0.5 mg) for 3 days besides receiving the standard national regimen for COVID-19. The hospitalization period, re-admission rate, intensive care unit (ICU) administration, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality rate were assessed as primary outcomes in both groups. The results showed that re-admission was significantly decreased in COVID-19 patients who received Fingolimod compared to the controls (p = .04). In addition, the hemoglobin levels of the COVID-19 patients in the intervention group were increased compared to the controls (p = .018). However, no significant differences were found regarding the intubation or mortality rate between the groups (p > .05). Fingolimod could significantly reduce the re-admission rate after hospitalization with COVID-19. Fingolimod may not enhance patients' outcomes with moderate COVID-19. It is necessary to examine these findings in a larger cohort of patients with severe to critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Teymouri
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Siamak Pourbayram Kaleybar
- Kidney Research CenterFaculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Student Research CommitteeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | | | | | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammadreza Ardalan
- Kidney Research CenterFaculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Kidney Research CenterFaculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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5
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Li N, Shi T, Zhang M, He Y, Feng J, Mei Z, Su X, Jie Z. PLZF promotes the development of asthma tolerance via affecting memory phenotypes of immune cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109559. [PMID: 36525795 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clarifying the pathogenesis of asthma and/or identifying the specific pathway underlying oral asthma tolerance (OT) would be of great significance. In our previous study, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF), which reportedly regulates memory phenotypes, was found to promote ovalbumin (OVA)-induced OT. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the regulatory effects of PLZF on memory phenotypes in asthma and OT mouse models. We found that Zbtb16 (encoding PLZF) and PLZF+ cells were highly increased in OT lungs compared with asthmatic lungs. PLZF was co-expressed with GATA3, and IL-4+PLZF+ cells were significantly lower in OT lungs than in asthmatic lungs. Notably, memory cells were decreased in OT mice, and these mice had PLZF+ cells that expressed lower levels of CD44 than those of asthmatic mice. When Zbtb16 was overexpressed in splenic lymphocytes, the number of CD44+ cells decreased. There were increased memory cells in splenic lymphocytes after treatment with the supernatant of OVA-treated airway epithelial cells; however, this was reversed by Zbtb16 overexpression. Early respiratory syncytial virus infection increased memory cells and reduced PLZF+ cells in the OT mice. Collectively, these results indicate that PLZF may reduce the proportion of memory cells, thereby, promoting the establishment of OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Medicine, Respiratory, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, The Affiliated Dushu Lake Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianyun Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanchao He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhoufang Mei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhijun Jie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Sethi GS, Gracias D, Croft M. Contribution of circulatory cells to asthma exacerbations and lung tissue-resident CD4 T cell memory. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951361. [PMID: 35936001 PMCID: PMC9353789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells (Trm) are thought to be a major contributor to asthma relapse, but the role of circulatory T cells in asthma exacerbations or to maintaining the population of lung Trm cells is not fully understood. Here, we used a house dust mite allergen-based murine model of asthma relapse, and monitored the development of lung effector/Trm phenotype CD44hiCD62LloCD69+ CD4 T cells. To determine the contribution of circulatory cells, mice were treated with FTY720, to block lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes. Inhibiting the primary migration of circulatory cells to the lungs mitigated the accumulation and expansion of allergen-driven Trm phenotype cells, but subsequent allergen challenges still resulted in strong lung inflammation and Trm cell accumulation. This was blocked if FTY720 was also given at the time of allergen re-exposure, showing that new circulatory cells contributed to this lung memory/effector T cell pool at times well after the initial sensitization. However, once lung-localized Trm cells developed at high frequency, circulatory cells were not required to maintain this population following allergen re-encounter, even though circulatory cells still were major contributors to the overall asthmatic lung inflammatory response. Our results suggest that strategies that target the response of circulatory memory T cells and Trm cells together might be required to strongly inhibit T cell reactivity to airborne allergens and to limit exacerbations of asthma and their reoccurrence, but the contribution of circulatory T cells might vary in long-term asthmatics possessing a large stable Trm cell population in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurupreet S. Sethi
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Donald Gracias
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael Croft
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Michael Croft,
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7
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Riemma MA, Cerqua I, Romano B, Irollo E, Bertolino A, Camerlingo R, Granato E, Rea G, Scala S, Terlizzi M, Spaziano G, Sorrentino R, D'Agostino B, Roviezzo F, Cirino G. Sphingosine-1-phosphate/TGF-β axis drives epithelial mesenchymal transition in asthma-like disease. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:1753-1768. [PMID: 34825370 PMCID: PMC9306821 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Airway remodelling is a critical feature of chronic lung diseases. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents an important source of myofibroblasts, contributing to airway remodelling. Here, we investigated the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) role in EMT and its involvement in asthma-related airway dysfunction. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A549 cells were used to assess the S1P effect on EMT and its interaction with TGF-β signalling. To assess the S1P role in vivo and its impact on lung function, two experimental models of asthma were used by exposing BALB/c mice to subcutaneous administration of either S1P or ovalbumin (OVA). KEY RESULTS Following incubation with TGF-β or S1P, A549 acquire a fibroblast-like morphology associated with an increase of mesenchymal markers and down-regulation of the epithelial. These effects are reversed by treatment with the TGF-β receptor antagonist LY2109761. Systemic administration of S1P to BALB/c mice induces asthma-like disease characterized by mucous cell metaplasia and increased levels of TGF-β, IL-33 and FGF-2 within the lung. The bronchi harvested from S1P-treated mice display bronchial hyperresponsiveness associated with overexpression of the mesenchymal and fibrosis markers and reduction of the epithelial.The S1P-induced switch from the epithelial toward the mesenchymal pattern correlates to a significant increase of lung resistance and fibroblast activation. TGF-β blockade, in S1P-treated mice, abrogates these effects. Finally, inhibition of sphingosine kinases by SK1-II in OVA-sensitized mice, abrogates EMT, pulmonary TGF-β up-regulation, fibroblasts recruitment and airway hyperresponsiveness. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Targeting S1P/TGF-β axis may hold promise as a feasible therapeutic target to control airway dysfunction in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Riemma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Ida Cerqua
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Barbara Romano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Elena Irollo
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyDrexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Antonio Bertolino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Rosa Camerlingo
- RCCS INT Cellular Biology and Bioterapy‐ Research DepartmentNational Cancer Institute G. Pascale FoundationNaplesItaly
| | - Elisabetta Granato
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- IRCCS INT Microenvironment Molecular TargetsNational Cancer Institute G. Pascale FoundationNaplesItaly
| | - Stefania Scala
- IRCCS INT Microenvironment Molecular TargetsNational Cancer Institute G. Pascale FoundationNaplesItaly
| | - Michela Terlizzi
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFARMA)University of SalernoSalernoItaly
| | - Giuseppe Spaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaplesItaly
| | | | - Bruno D'Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaplesItaly
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
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8
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Freitas AP, Clissa PB, Soto DR, Câmara NOS, Faquim-Mauro EL. The modulatory effect of crotoxin and its phospholipase A 2 subunit from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom on dendritic cells interferes with the generation of effector CD4 + T lymphocytes. Immunol Lett 2021; 240:56-70. [PMID: 34626682 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic Cells (DCs) direct either cellular immune response or tolerance. The crotoxin (CTX) and its CB subunit (phospholipase A2) isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus rattlesnake venom modulate the DC maturation induced by a TLR4 agonist. Here, we analyzed the potential effect of CTX and CB subunit on the functional ability of DCs to induce anti-ovalbumin (OVA) immune response. Thus, CTX and CB inhibited the maturation of OVA/LPS-stimulated BM-DCs from BALB/c mice, which means inhibition of costimulatory and MHC-II molecule expression and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, accompanied by high expression of ICOSL, PD-L1/2, IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA expression. The addition of CTX and CB in cultures of BM-DCs incubated with ConA or OVA/LPS inhibited the proliferation of CD3+ or CD4+T cells from OVA-immunized mice. In in vitro experiment of co-cultures of purified CD4+T cells of DO11.10 mice with OVA/LPS-stimulated BM-DCs, the CTX or CB induced lowest percentage of Th1 and Th2 and CTX induced increase of Treg cells. In in vivo, CTX and CB induced lower percentage of CD4+IFNγ+ and CD4+IL-4+ cells, as well as promoted CD4+CD25+IL-10+ population in OVA/LPS-immunized mice. CTX in vivo also inhibited the maturation of DCs. Our findings demonstrate that the modulatory action of CTX and CB on DCs interferes with the generation of adaptive immunity and, therefore contribute for the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the generation of cellular immunity, which can be useful for new therapeutic approaches for immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Freitas
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia B Clissa
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dunia R Soto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana L Faquim-Mauro
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Riedel JH, Turner JE, Panzer U. T helper cell trafficking in autoimmune kidney diseases. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:281-292. [PMID: 33598825 PMCID: PMC8523400 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are key drivers of autoimmune diseases, including crescentic GN. Many effector mechanisms employed by T cells to mediate renal damage and repair, such as local cytokine production, depend on their presence at the site of inflammation. Therefore, the mechanisms regulating the renal CD4+ T cell infiltrate are of central importance. From a conceptual point of view, there are four distinct factors that can regulate the abundance of T cells in the kidney: (1) T cell infiltration, (2) T cell proliferation, (3) T cell death and (4) T cell retention/egress. While a substantial amount of data on the recruitment of T cells to the kidneys in crescentic GN have accumulated over the last decade, the roles of T cell proliferation and death in the kidney in crescentic GN is less well characterized. However, the findings from the data available so far do not indicate a major role of these processes. More importantly, the molecular mechanisms underlying both egress and retention of T cells from/in peripheral tissues, such as the kidney, are unknown. Here, we review the current knowledge of mechanisms and functions of T cell migration in renal autoimmune diseases with a special focus on chemokines and their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik Riedel
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. .,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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10
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Park SJ, Im DS. Blockage of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1487-1496. [PMID: 32457418 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors have been implicated in functions of Langerhans cells and atopic dermatitis. In this study, we investigated the roles of S1P receptor type 2 (S1P2) in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis, which was induced by topical application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on ventral skin on D0, followed by repeated DNCB challenge on both ears from D7 to D49. Wild-type mice with atopic dermatitis displayed severe inflammation and mast cell accumulation in ear tissues and elevated IgE levels in serum. Furthermore, the mice showed significantly increased sizes of draining lymph nodes, high levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) in the ears and lymph nodes and high levels of chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 in ears. Administration of JTE-013, a selective antagonist of S1P2 (3 mg/kg, i.p, from D19 to D49) before DNCB challenge significantly suppressed DNCB-induced atopic responses in ears and lymph nodes. JTE-013 administration also significantly decreased the lymph nodes sizes, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) in the ears and lymph nodes, and the levels of chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 in ears. Furthermore, the inflammatory responses of atopic dermatitis were greatly ameliorated in S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. As CCL17 and CCL22 are CCR4 ligands, acting as Th2-attracting chemokines, we investigated CCL17 and CCL22 expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from wild-type and S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. Addition of IL-4 (10 ng/mL) markedly increased the levels of CCL17 and CCL22, but IL-4-induced CCL17 and CCL22 expression was significantly blunted in BMDCs from S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. Furthermore, pretreatment with JTE-013 (1-30 μM) dose-dependently suppressed this induction in BMDCs from wild-type mice. Our results demonstrate that blockage of S1P2 ameliorates not only DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms but also Th2 cell-attracting capacity of dendritic cells, suggesting S1P2 as a potential therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis.
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11
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Kim S, Jung H, Kim M, Moon J, Ban G, Kim SJ, Yoo H, Park H. Ceramide/sphingosine-1-phosphate imbalance is associated with distinct inflammatory phenotypes of uncontrolled asthma. Allergy 2020; 75:1991-2004. [PMID: 32072647 DOI: 10.1111/all.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is associated with inflammatory dysregulation, but the underlying metabolic signatures are unclear. This study aimed to classify asthma inflammatory phenotypes based on cellular and metabolic features. METHODS To determine cellular and metabolic profiles, we assessed inflammatory cell markers using flow cytometry, sphingolipid (SL) metabolites using LC-MS/MS, and serum cytokines using ELISA. Targeted gene polymorphisms were determined to identify genetic predispositions related to the asthma inflammatory phenotype. RESULTS In total, 137 patients with asthma and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Distinct cellular and metabolic profiles were found between them; patients with asthma showed increased expressions of inflammatory cell markers and higher levels of SL metabolites compared to HCs (P < .05 for all). Cellular markers (CD66+ neutrophils, platelet-adherent eosinophils) and SL metabolic markers (C16:0 and C24:0 ceramides) for uncontrolled asthma were also identified; higher levels were observed in uncontrolled asthma compared to controlled asthma (P < .05 for all). Asthmatics patients with higher levels of CD66+ neutrophils had lower FEV1(%), higher ACQ (but lower AQLO) scores, and higher sphingosine and C16:0 ceramide levels compared to those with low levels of CD66+ neutrophils. Asthmatics patients with higher levels of platelet-adherent eosinophils had higher S1P levels compared to those with lower levels of platelet-adherent eosinophils. Patients carrying TT genotype of ORMDL3 had more CD66+ neutrophils; those with AG/ GG genotypes of SGMS1 exhibited higher platelet-adherent eosinophils. CONCLUSION Patients with uncontrolled asthma possess distinct inflammatory phenotypes including increased CD66+ neutrophils and platelet-adherent eosinophils, with an imbalanced ceramide/S1P rheostat, potentially involving ORMDL3 and SGMS1 gene polymorphisms. Ceramide/S1P synthesis could be targeted to control airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung‐Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Hae‐Won Jung
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease Clinical Trial Center Ajou University Medical Center Suwon South Korea
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Ji‐Young Moon
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
| | - Ga‐Young Ban
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Kangdong Sacred Heart HospitalHallym University College of Medicine Institute for Life Sciences Seoul South Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyun‐Ju Yoo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hae‐Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon South Korea
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12
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Kipp M. Does Siponimod Exert Direct Effects in the Central Nervous System? Cells 2020; 9:cells9081771. [PMID: 32722245 PMCID: PMC7463861 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The modulation of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor is an approved treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis because of its anti-inflammatory effect of retaining lymphocytes in lymph nodes. Different sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtypes are expressed in the brain and spinal cord, and their pharmacological effects may improve disease development and neuropathology. Siponimod (BAF312) is a novel sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that has recently been approved for the treatment of active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review article, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that the active role of siponimod in patients with progressive MS may be due to direct interaction with central nervous system cells. Additionally, we tried to summarize our current understanding of the function of siponimod and discuss the effects observed in the case of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kipp
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstrasse 9, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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13
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Jin Z, Suen KC, Wang Z, Ma D. Review 2: Primary graft dysfunction after lung transplant-pathophysiology, clinical considerations and therapeutic targets. J Anesth 2020; 34:729-740. [PMID: 32691226 PMCID: PMC7369472 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-020-02823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is one of the most common complications in the early postoperative period and is the most common cause of death in the first postoperative month. The underlying pathophysiology is thought to be the ischaemia–reperfusion injury that occurs during the storage and reperfusion of the lung engraftment; this triggers a cascade of pathological changes, which result in pulmonary vascular dysfunction and loss of the normal alveolar architecture. There are a number of surgical and anaesthetic factors which may be related to the development of PGD. To date, although treatment options for PGD are limited, there are several promising experimental therapeutic targets. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical management and potential therapeutic targets of PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosheng Jin
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Ka Chun Suen
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
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14
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Sudhadevi T, Ha AW, Ebenezer DL, Fu P, Putherickal V, Natarajan V, Harijith A. Advancements in understanding the role of lysophospholipids and their receptors in lung disorders including bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158685. [PMID: 32169655 PMCID: PMC7206974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a devastating chronic neonatal lung disease leading to serious adverse consequences. Nearly 15 million babies are born preterm accounting for >1 in 10 births globally. The aetiology of BPD is multifactorial and the survivors suffer lifelong respiratory morbidity. Lysophospholipids (LPL), which include sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are both naturally occurring bioactive lipids involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as cell survival, death, proliferation, migration, immune responses and vascular development. Altered LPL levels have been observed in a number of lung diseases including BPD, which underscores the importance of these signalling lipids under normal and pathophysiological situations. Due to the paucity of information related to LPLs in BPD, most of the ideas related to BPD and LPL are speculative. This article is intended to promote discussion and generate hypotheses, in addition to the limited review of information related to BPD already established in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Sudhadevi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Vijay Putherickal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
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15
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Bahlas S, Damiati LA, Al-Hazmi AS, Pushparaj PN. Decoding the Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Asthma and Other Respiratory System Diseases Using Next Generation Knowledge Discovery Platforms Coupled With Luminex Multiple Analyte Profiling Technology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:444. [PMID: 32637407 PMCID: PMC7317666 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic sphingolipid derived by the phosphorylation of sphingosine either by sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) or SPHK2. Importantly, S1P acts through five different types of G-protein coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs) in immune cells to elicit inflammation and other immunological processes by enhancing the production of various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. The airway inflammation in asthma and other respiratory diseases is augmented by the activation of immune cells and the induction of T-helper cell type 2 (Th2)-associated cytokines and chemokines. Therefore, studying the S1P mediated signaling in airway inflammation is crucial to formulate effective treatment and management strategies for asthma and other respiratory diseases. The central aim of this study is to characterize the molecular targets induced through the S1P/S1PR axis and dissect the therapeutic importance of this key axis in asthma, airway inflammation, and other related respiratory diseases. To achieve this, we have adopted both high throughput next-generation knowledge discovery platforms such as SwissTargetPrediction, WebGestalt, Open Targets Platform, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen, United States) to delineate the molecular targets of S1P and further validated the upstream regulators of S1P signaling using cutting edge multiple analyte profiling (xMAP) technology (Luminex Corporation, United States) to define the importance of S1P signaling in asthma and other respiratory diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Bahlas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila A Damiati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman S Al-Hazmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Wu J, Hayes BW, Phoenix C, Macias GS, Miao Y, Choi HW, Hughes FM, Todd Purves J, Lee Reinhardt R, Abraham SN. A highly polarized T H2 bladder response to infection promotes epithelial repair at the expense of preventing new infections. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:671-683. [PMID: 32424366 PMCID: PMC7480508 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) typically evoke prompt and vigorous innate bladder immune responses, including extensive exfoliation of the epithelium. To explain the basis for the extraordinarily high recurrence rates of UTIs, we examined adaptive immune responses in mouse bladders. We found that, following each bladder infection, a highly T helper type 2 (TH2)-skewed immune response directed at bladder re-epithelialization is observed, with limited capacity to clear infection. This response is initiated by a distinct subset of CD301b+OX40L+ dendritic cells, which migrate into the bladder epithelium after infection before trafficking to lymph nodes to preferentially activate TH2 cells. The bladder epithelial repair response is cumulative and aberrant as, after multiple infections, the epithelium was markedly thickened and bladder capacity was reduced relative to controls. Thus, recurrence of UTIs and associated bladder dysfunction are the outcome of the preferential focus of the adaptive immune response on epithelial repair at the expense of bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxuan Wu
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Byron W Hayes
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cassandra Phoenix
- Department of Science, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Yuxuan Miao
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hae Woong Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Francis M Hughes
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - J Todd Purves
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Lee Reinhardt
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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17
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Anti-inflammatory effect of Rosa laevigata extract on in vitro and in vivo model of allergic asthma via the suppression of IgE and related cytokines. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-00063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Kovilakath A, Cowart LA. Sphingolipid Mediators of Myocardial Pathology. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:23-49. [PMID: 32821720 PMCID: PMC7379069 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While the causes of cardiomyopathy continue to be elucidated, current evidence suggests that aberrant bioactive lipid signaling plays a crucial role as a component of cardiac pathophysiology. Sphingolipids have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, as they regulate numerous cellular processes that occur in primary and secondary cardiomyopathies. Experimental evidence gathered over the last few decades from both in vitro and in vivo model systems indicates that inhibitors of sphingolipid synthesis attenuate a variety of cardiomyopathic symptoms. In this review, we focus on various cardiomyopathies in which sphingolipids have been implicated and the potential therapeutic benefits that could be gained by targeting sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - L. Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
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19
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Jaiswal AK, Sandey M, Suryawanshi A, Cattley RC, Mishra A. Dimethyl fumarate abrogates dust mite-induced allergic asthma by altering dendritic cell function. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2019; 7:201-213. [PMID: 31264384 PMCID: PMC6688084 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Allergic asthma is the most common inflammatory disease of upper airways. Airway dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen presenting cells that regulate T helper 2 (Th2)‐dependent allergic inflammation. Recent studies have shown critical role of airway DCs in the induction of Th2‐mediated allergic inflammation and are attractive therapeutic targets in asthma. However, molecular signaling mechanism that regulate DCs function to Th2 immune responses are poorly understood. Here we aim to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an FDA approved small molecule drug, in the house dust mite (HDM)‐induced experimental model of allergic asthma. Methods DMF was administered intranasally in the challenge period of HDM‐induced murine model of experimental asthma. Airway inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, Th2/Th1 cytokine were assessed. The effect of DMF on DC function was further evaluated by adoptive transfer of HDM‐pulsed DMF treated DCs to wild‐type naïve mice. Results DMF treatment significantly reduced HDM‐induced airway inflammation, mucous cell metaplasia, and airway hyperactivity to inhaled methacholine. Mechanistically, DMF interferes with the migration of lung DCs to draining mediastinal lymph nodes, thereby attenuates the induction of allergic sensitization and Th2 immune response. Notably, adoptive transfer of DMF treated DCs to naïve mice with HDM challenge similarly reduces the features of allergic asthma. Conclusion This identifies a novel function of DMF on DC‐mediated adaptive immune responses in the setting of HDM‐induced airway inflammation. Taken together, our results offer a mechanistic rationale for DMF use to target DCs in local lung environment as antiasthmatic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Jaiswal
- The Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Amol Suryawanshi
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Russell C Cattley
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Amarjit Mishra
- The Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
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20
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Prevention and relaxation effects of Liriope platyphylla on bronchial asthma in vitro model by suppressing the activities of MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Mol Cell Toxicol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-019-0036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Ogongo P, Porterfield JZ, Leslie A. Lung Tissue Resident Memory T-Cells in the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:992. [PMID: 31130965 PMCID: PMC6510113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread BCG vaccination and effective anti-TB drugs, Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from an infectious agent worldwide. Several recent publications give reasons to be optimistic about the possibility of a more effective vaccine, but the only full-scale clinical trial conducted failed to show protection above BCG. The immunogenicity of vaccines in humans is primarily evaluated by the systemic immune responses they generate, despite the fact that a correlation between these responses and protection from TB disease has not been demonstrated. A novel approach to tackling this problem is to study the local immune responses that occur at the site of TB infection in the human lung, rather than those detectable in blood. There is a growing understanding that pathogen specific T-cell immunity can be highly localized at the site of infection, due to the existence of tissue resident memory T-cells (Trm). Notably, these cells do not recirculate in the blood and thus may not be represented in studies of the systemic immune response. Here, we review the potential role of Trms as a component of the TB immune response and discuss how a better understanding of this response could be harnessed to improve TB vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ogongo
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - James Zachary Porterfield
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Jung KH, Shin D, Kim S, Min D, Kim W, Kim J, Lee G, Bae H. Intratracheal Ovalbumin Administration Induces Colitis Through the IFN-γ Pathway in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:530. [PMID: 30949176 PMCID: PMC6437076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported an increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with pulmonary diseases. Despite clinical and epidemiological studies of the interplay between colitis and asthma, the diseases' related underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the development of colitis in a model of allergic airway inflammation. We revealed that intratracheal chronic ovalbumin (OVA) exposure induces colitis and allergic airway inflammation. Interestingly, induction of colitis was largely regulated by Th1, rather than Th2 responses, whereas allergic airway inflammation was primarily mediated by Th2 responses. Experiments in Tbx21 (T-bet) and Ifng (IFN-γ) deficient mice have confirmed that IFN-γ is a major mediator involved in OVA-induced colitis. These findings broaden current understanding of allergen induced colitis pathology and could play a role in the development of novel clinical treatment strategies for asthmatic patients who are at risk of developing colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Hwa Jung
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dasom Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sejun Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daeun Min
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woogyeong Kim
- Department of Korean Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Korean Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, South Korea
| | - Hyunsu Bae
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Park SJ, Im DS. Blockage of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates allergic asthma in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:938-949. [PMID: 30706444 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sphingosine-1-phosphate 2 (S1P2 ) receptors have been implicated in degranulation of mast cells. However, functions of S1P2 receptors have not been investigated in an in vivo model of allergic asthma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model, the function of S1P2 receptors was evaluated in S1P2 -deficient mice or in mice treated with JTE-013, a selective S1P2 antagonist. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were used to investigate the roles of S1P2 receptors in dendritic cell maturation and migration. KEY RESULTS Eosinophil accumulation and elevated Th2 cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inflamed lung tissues were strongly inhibited by administration of JTE-013 before OVA sensitization, before OVA challenge, and before both events. In S1P2 -deficient mice, allergic responses were significantly lower than in wild-type mice. LPS- and OVA-induced maturation of BMDCs was significantly blunted in dendritic cells from S1P2 -deficient mice and by treatment with JTE-013. Migrations of immature and mature BMDCs were also dependent on S1P2 receptors. It was found that OVA-challenged mice into which in vitro OVA primed BMDCs from S1P2 -deficient mice were adoptively transferred, had less severe asthma responses than OVA-challenged mice into which OVA-primed BMDCs from wild-type mice were adoptively transferred. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pro-allergic functions of S1P2 receptors were elucidated in a murine asthma model. S1P2 receptors were involved not only in maturation and migration of dendritic cells in the sensitization phase but also in mast cell degranulation in the challenge phase. These results suggest S1P2 receptor as a therapeutic target for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Park
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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24
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Kim SH. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate: Biomarker, Contributor, or Target for Asthma? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:299-301. [PMID: 30912319 PMCID: PMC6439184 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Kim
- Translational Research Laboratory for Inflammatory Disease, Clinical Trial Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea.
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25
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Kowal K, Żebrowska E, Chabowski A. Altered Sphingolipid Metabolism Is Associated With Asthma Phenotype in House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 11:330-342. [PMID: 30912323 PMCID: PMC6439195 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2019.11.3.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Sphingolipids play an important role in cell growth, survival, inflammation and tissue remodeling. House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a major risk factor for asthma. The aim of the study was to evaluate if allergic asthma phenotype is associated with altered sphingolipid metabolism. Methods Twenty-two HDM-allergic asthmatic patients and 11 HDM-allergic rhinitis patients were challenged intrabronchially with biologically standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract. Whole blood and platelet-poor plasma samples were collected before, during early asthmatic response (EAR), late asthmatic response (LAR) and 24 hours after the challenge. Concentrations of sphinganine (SFA), sphinganine-1-phosphate (SFA1P), ceramide, sphingosine (SFO) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Results In all house dust mite-allergic patients (HDM-APs), baseline lung function and severity of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) correlated significantly with plasma S1P and SFA1P concentrations. Exhaled nitric oxide concentration, however, correlated with SFA and ceramide, but not with S1P or SFA1P concentration. Allergen challenge increased plasma S1P concentration during EAR, but only in patients who developed both EAR and LAR. The magnitude of the increase determined during EAR correlated with the severity of subsequently developed LAR. Platelet and eosinophil counts were independent predictors of plasma S1P concentration. A significant increase in plasma SFA concentration in response to allergen challenge was seen only in patients who did not develop asthmatic response. Conclusions Altered sphingolipid metabolism, with augmented synthesis of S1P and impaired de novo sphingolipid synthesis in response to allergen challenge, may participate in the development of asthma phenotype in HDM-APs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kowal
- Department of Experimental Allergology and Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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FTY720-Induced Lymphopenia Does Not Aggravate Mortality in a Murine Model of Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis. Shock 2018; 47:385-394. [PMID: 27559700 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND FTY720 is an immunosuppressive molecule licensed for the treatment of chronic relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). It attenuates the adaptive immune response by sequestering T cells within secondary lymphoid organs via its action as functional antagonist of sphingosine-1-phasphate. To date, it is unknown whether FTY-induced lymphopenia puts MS patients at increased risk for severe forms of postoperative infectious complications such as abdominal sepsis. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of FTY720-induced lymphopenia on survival to sepsis secondary to postoperative intraabdominal infections in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis. METHODS Detailed analysis of cellular dynamics in secondary lymphoid organs and of cytokine profiles was performed in FTY720-treated or placebo-treated C57BL/6 mice after induction of colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP). Furthermore, survival analysis was performed in FTY720-treated and placebo-treated animals in severe CASP. Fifty percent of each group were treated with broad spectrum antibiotics. RESULTS FTY720 treatment resulted in remodeling of cell populations present in the peripheral blood, the peritoneal cavity, and the spleen after CASP induction. Both lymphoid and myeloid cell lines were affected. However, survival in lymphopenic FTY720-treated animals was similar to placebo-treated mice following CASP. Antibiotic treatment increases survival in untreated as well as FTY720-treated animals to a similar extent. DISCUSSION Our data demonstrate that inhibition of T-cell migration and induction of peripheral lymphopenia did not affect survival in a model of severe murine sepsis. The presence of reduced T- and B-cell numbers in the peripheral blood during a septic challenge did not negatively affect sepsis mortality in our model of severe abdominal sepsis. The absence of increased mortality under FTY720 treatment in the CASP model suggests that FTY720 treatment will probably not result in increased mortality in MS patients suffering from sepsis.
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Hidaka M, Nishihara M, Tokumura A. Three lysophosphatidic acids with a distinct long chain moiety differently affect cell differentiation of human colon epithelial cells to goblet cells. Life Sci 2018; 197:73-79. [PMID: 29412173 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The intestinal mucus layer helps maintain intestinal homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) on differentiation of human colon carcinoma cell line, HT-29, to goblet cells with and without sodium butyrate, a known differentiation factor for intestinal cells. MAIN METHODS Number and average size of cells with goblet-like morphology in five photographs per dish were measured for assessment of differentiation of HT-29 cells to goblet cells as well as their relative portion of surface of to whole surface area of the photograph. KEY FINDINGS Our results revealed that 18:1 LPA enhanced butyrate-induced differentiation of HT-29 cells. Because increased mRNA expression of LPA5 and decreased mRNA expression of LPA6 were observed in HT-29 cells after treatment with butyrate, we explored the effects of alkyl LPA and 20:4 LPA, which show preferentially higher affinities to LPA5 and LPA6, respectively. As a result, the cell differentiation to goblet cell was increased by alkyl LPA but decreased by 20:4 LPA. Further, alkyl LPA and 18:1 LPA, but not 20:4 LPA, were found to reduce the numbers of cells surviving after incubation in a standard culture medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. SIGNIFICANCE We suggest that the three LPAs positively and negatively affect the differentiation of HT-29 cells to goblet cells, which may be associated with their reduced survival through the activation of distinct LPA receptor(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Hidaka
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Mai Nishihara
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Akira Tokumura
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan.
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28
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van Mastrigt E, Zweekhorst S, Bol B, Tibboel J, van Rosmalen J, Samsom JN, Kroon AA, de Jongste JC, Reiss IKM, Post M, Pijnenburg MW. Ceramides in tracheal aspirates of preterm infants: Marker for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0185969. [PMID: 29346372 PMCID: PMC5773003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In an experimental mouse model we showed that ceramides play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and are a potential target for therapeutic intervention. We investigated whether ceramides are detectable in tracheal aspirates (TAs) of preterm infants and differ between infants with or without BPD. Methods Infants born ≤ 32 weeks of gestational age in need of mechanical ventilation in the first week of life were included. TAs were obtained directly after intubation and at day 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14. Ceramide concentrations were measured by tandem mass spectrometry. At 36 weeks postmenstrual age BPD was defined as having had ≥ 28 days supplemental oxygen. Results 122 infants were included, of which 14 died and 41 developed BPD. All infants showed an increase in ceramides after the first day of intubation. The ceramide profile differed significantly between preterm infants who did and did not develop BPD. However, the ceramide profile had no additional predictive value for BPD development over GA at birth, birth weight and total days of mechanical ventilation. Conclusions Ceramides are measurable in TAs of preterm born infants and may be an early marker for BPD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther van Mastrigt
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Salomé Zweekhorst
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Bol
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Tibboel
- Program of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - André A. Kroon
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan C. de Jongste
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irwin K. M. Reiss
- Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Post
- Program of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mariëlle W. Pijnenburg
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Lee IS, Cho DH, Kim KS, Kim KH, Park J, Kim Y, Jung JH, Kim K, Jung HJ, Jang HJ. Anti-inflammatory effects of embelin in A549 cells and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:83-90. [PMID: 29299941 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1414836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Allergic asthma is the most common type in asthma, which is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung. In this study, we investigated whether embelin (Emb), the major component of Ardisia japonica BL. (AJB), exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on allergic asthma via inhibition of NF-κB activity using A549 cells and asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. METHODS Inflammation was induced in A549 cells, a human airway epithelial cell line, by IL-1β (10 ng/ml) treatment for 4 h. The effects of Emb on NF-κB activity and COX-2 protein expression in inflamed airway epithelial cells and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues were analyzed via western blot. The secretion levels of NF-κB-mediated cytokines/chemokines, including IL-4, 6, 9, 13, TNF-α and eotaxin, were measured by a multiplex assay. RESULTS Emb significantly blocked NF-κB activity in IL-1β-treated A549 cells and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. COX-2 expression was also reduced in both IL-1β-treated A549 cells and asthmatic tissues Emb application. Emb significantly reduced the secretion of IL-4, IL-6 and eotaxin in human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues by inhibiting activity of NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that Emb may be used as an anti-inflammatory agent via inhibition of NF-κB and related cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Seung Lee
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Cho
- b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Department of Biological Sciences in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Suk Kim
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hoon Kim
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Kim
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanil Kim
- b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Department of Biological Sciences in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Jung
- b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Department of Biological Sciences in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- a College of Korean Medicine , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Department of Science in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Department of Biological Sciences in Korean Medicine , Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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30
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Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Among the World of Noncanonical Ectopic Lymphoid Organizations. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1845:1-15. [PMID: 30141004 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8709-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLOs), also known as ectopic lymphoid structures, are associated with chronic infections and inflammatory diseases. Despite their association with pathology, these structures are actually a normal, albeit transient, component of the immune system and facilitate local immune responses that are meant to mitigate inflammation and resolve infection. Many of the mechanisms controlling the formation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures have been identified, in part by experimentally triggering their formation using defined stimuli under controlled conditions. Here, we introduce the experimental and pathological conditions in which tertiary lymphoid tissues are formed, describe the mechanisms linked to their formation, and discuss their functions in the context of both infection and inflammation.
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31
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Nair PM, Starkey MR, Haw TJ, Liu G, Horvat JC, Morris JC, Verrills NM, Clark AR, Ammit AJ, Hansbro PM. Targeting PP2A and proteasome activity ameliorates features of allergic airway disease in mice. Allergy 2017; 72:1891-1903. [PMID: 28543283 DOI: 10.1111/all.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is an allergic airway disease (AAD) caused by aberrant immune responses to allergens. Protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) is an abundant serine/threonine phosphatase with anti-inflammatory activity. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) controls many cellular processes, including the initiation of inflammatory responses by protein degradation. We assessed whether enhancing PP2A activity with fingolimod (FTY720) or 2-amino-4-(4-(heptyloxy) phenyl)-2-methylbutan-1-ol (AAL(S) ), or inhibiting proteasome activity with bortezomib (BORT), could suppress experimental AAD. METHODS Acute AAD was induced in C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) in combination with intranasal (i.n) exposure to OVA. Chronic AAD was induced in mice with prolonged i.n exposure to crude house dust mite (HDM) extract. Mice were treated with vehicle, FTY720, AAL(S) , BORT or AAL(S) +BORT and hallmark features of AAD assessed. RESULTS AAL(S) reduced the severity of acute AAD by suppressing tissue eosinophils and inflammation, mucus-secreting cell (MSC) numbers, type 2-associated cytokines (interleukin (IL)-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-5 and IL-13), serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). FTY720 only suppressed tissue inflammation and IgE. BORT reduced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tissue eosinophils and inflammation, IL-5, IL-13 and AHR. Combined treatment with AAL(S) +BORT had complementary effects and suppressed BALF and tissue eosinophils and inflammation, MSC numbers, reduced the production of type 2 cytokines and AHR. AAL(S) , BORT and AAL(S) +BORT also reduced airway remodelling in chronic AAD. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the potential of combination therapies that enhance PP2A and inhibit proteasome activity as novel therapeutic strategies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Nair
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - M. R. Starkey
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - T. J. Haw
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - G. Liu
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - J. C. Horvat
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - J. C. Morris
- School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - N. M. Verrills
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - A. R. Clark
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing; College of Medical and Dental Sciences; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
| | - A. J. Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
- Faculty of Science; School of Life Sciences; University of Technology Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - P. M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centres for Healthy Lungs; Grow up Well and Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation; University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute; New Lambton Heights NSW Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle; Callaghan NSW Australia
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32
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Jaigirdar SA, Benson RA, Elmesmari A, Kurowska-Stolarska MS, McInnes IB, Garside P, MacLeod MKL. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Promotes the Persistence of Activated CD4 T Cells in Inflamed Sites. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1627. [PMID: 29225602 PMCID: PMC5705559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can be protective or pathogenic depending on context and timeframe. Acute inflammation, including the accumulation of CD4 T cells, accompanies protective immune responses to pathogens, but the presence of activated CD4 T cells at sites of inflammation is associated with chronic inflammatory disease. While significant progress has been made in understanding the migration of CD4 T cells into inflamed sites, the signals that lead to their persistence are poorly characterized. Using a murine ear model of acute inflammation and intravital two-photon imaging, we have dissected the signals that mediate CD4 T cell persistence. We report the unexpected finding that the bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is both necessary and sufficient for the persistence of activated CD4 T cells at peripheral tissues in acute inflammation. S1P mediated the enhanced motility of CD4 T cells at inflamed tissues but did not affect their migration to the downstream draining lymph node. We found that sphingosine kinase-1, which regulates S1P production is increased at inflamed sites in mice and in patients with the chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis. Together, these data suggest that S1P, or its regulators, may be key targets to promote or disrupt accumulation of CD4 T cells at inflamed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafqat Ahrar Jaigirdar
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Benson
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aziza Elmesmari
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Iain B McInnes
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Garside
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Megan K L MacLeod
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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33
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Choi G, Kim BS, Park YJ, Shim I, Chung Y. Clonal Expansion of Allergen-specific CD4 + T Cell in the Lung in the Absence of Lymph Nodes. Immune Netw 2017; 17:163-170. [PMID: 28680377 PMCID: PMC5484646 DOI: 10.4110/in.2017.17.3.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells is a critical step in inducing airway inflammation during allergic asthma. Such clonal expansion of T cells is initiated through the interaction between allergen-bearing dendritic cells and allergen-specific naïve T cells in the draining lymph nodes. Whether such T cell clonal expansion also occurs in the lung, the primary organ encountering inhaled allergens, remains unclear. Compared with wild-type mice, we found similar frequencies of CD4+ T cells in the lung of lymph node-deficient Rorgtgfp/gfp mice after repeated exposure to inhaled allergens. In addition, we observed an evident population of CD4+ T cells that underwent clonal expansion in the lung of allergen-challenged mice treated with an S1P antagonist FTY720 in an in vivo proliferation study with CFSE-labeled OT-II T cells. Moreover, the expansion of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells was significantly enhanced in the lungs of Rorgtgfp/gfp mice in comparison to that of wild-type mice. These results together demonstrate that the clonal expansion of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells occurs in the absence of the lymph nodes, indicating that the lung can act as a primary site of the clonal expansion of CD4+ T cells in response to inhaled allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garam Choi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byung-Seok Kim
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Inbo Shim
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Mohammed S, Harikumar KB. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate: A Novel Target for Lung Disorders. Front Immunol 2017; 8:296. [PMID: 28352271 PMCID: PMC5348531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, which include proliferation, apoptosis, lymphocyte egress, endothelial barrier function, angiogenesis, and inflammation. S1P is produced by two isoenzymes, namely, sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) and once produced, S1P can act both in an autocrine and paracrine manner. S1P can be dephosphorylated back to sphingosine by two phosphatases (SGPP 1 and 2) or can be irreversibly cleaved by S1P lyase. S1P has a diverse range of functions, which is mediated in a receptor dependent, through G-protein coupled receptors (S1PR1-5) or receptor independent manner, through intracellular targets such as HDACs and TRAF2. The involvement of S1P signaling has been confirmed in various disease conditions including lung diseases. The SphK inhibitors and S1PR modulators are currently under clinical trials for different pathophysiological conditions. There is a significant effort in targeting various components of S1P signaling for several diseases. This review focuses on the ways in which S1P signaling can be therapeutically targeted in lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , India
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ginsenoside Rg3 via NF- κB Pathway in A549 Cells and Human Asthmatic Lung Tissue. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:7521601. [PMID: 28116321 PMCID: PMC5223042 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7521601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. There is limited information of the anti-inflammatory effects of Rg3 on inflamed lung cells and tissues. Therefore, we confirmed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 in inflamed human airway epithelial cells (A549) and tissues whether Rg3 regulates nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity. Methods. To induce the inflammation, IL-1β (10 ng/ml) was treated to A549 cells for 4 h. The effects of Rg3 on NF-κB activity and COX-2 expression were evaluated by western blotting analysis in both IL-1β-induced inflamed A549 cell and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. Using multiplex cytokines assay, the secretion levels of NF-κB-mediated cytokines/chemokines were measured. Result. Rg3 showed the significant inhibition of NF-κB activity thereby reduced COX-2 expression was determined in both IL-1β-induced inflamed A549 cell and human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. In addition, among NF-κB-mediated cytokines, the secretion levels of IL-4, TNF-α, and eotaxin were significantly decreased by Rg3 in asthma tissues. Even though there was no significant difference, IL-6, IL-9, and IL-13 secretion showed a lower tendency compared to saline-treated human asthmatic airway epithelial tissues. Conclusion. The results from this study demonstrate the potential of Rg3 as an anti-inflammatory agent through regulating NF-κB activity and reducing the secretion of NF-κB-mediated cytokines/chemokines.
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36
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Gangwar RS, Landolina N, Arpinati L, Levi-Schaffer F. Mast cell and eosinophil surface receptors as targets for anti-allergic therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 170:37-63. [PMID: 27773785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopesh Singh Gangwar
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadine Landolina
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ludovica Arpinati
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Vogt D, Stark H. Therapeutic Strategies and Pharmacological Tools Influencing S1P Signaling and Metabolism. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:3-51. [PMID: 27480072 DOI: 10.1002/med.21402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the last two decades the study of the sphingolipid anabolic, catabolic, and signaling pathways has attracted enormous interest. Especially the introduction of fingolimod into market as first p.o. therapeutic for the treatment of multiple sclerosis has boosted this effect. Although the complex regulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and other catabolic and anabolic sphingosine-related compounds is not fully understood, the influence on different (patho)physiological states from inflammation to cytotoxicity as well as the availability of versatile pharmacological tools that represent new approaches to study these states are described. Here, we have summarized various aspects concerning the many faces of sphingolipid function modulation by different pharmacological tools up to clinical candidates. Due to the immense heterogeneity of physiological or pharmacological actions and complex cross regulations, it is difficult to predict their role in upcoming therapeutic approaches. Currently, inflammatory, immunological, and/or antitumor aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Vogt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Methods for Testing Immunological Factors. DRUG DISCOVERY AND EVALUATION: PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSAYS 2016. [PMCID: PMC7122208 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hypersensitivity reactions can be elicited by various factors: either immunologically induced, i.e., allergic reactions to natural or synthetic compounds mediated by IgE, or non-immunologically induced, i.e., activation of mediator release from cells through direct contact, without the induction of, or the mediation through immune responses. Mediators responsible for hypersensitivity reactions are released from mast cells. An important preformed mediator of allergic reactions found in these cells is histamine. Specific allergens or the calcium ionophore 48/80 induce release of histamine from mast cells. The histamine concentration can be determined with the o-phthalaldehyde reaction.
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Oyeniran C, Sturgill JL, Hait NC, Huang WC, Avni D, Maceyka M, Newton J, Allegood JC, Montpetit A, Conrad DH, Milstien S, Spiegel S. Aberrant ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) expression dysregulates ceramide homeostasis in cells and ceramide exacerbates allergic asthma in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1035-46.e6. [PMID: 25842287 PMCID: PMC4591101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition defined by episodic shortness of breath with expiratory wheezing and cough, is a serious health concern affecting more than 250 million persons. Genome-wide association studies have identified ORM (yeast)-like protein isoform 3 (ORMDL3) as a gene associated with susceptibility to asthma. Although its yeast ortholog is a negative regulator of de novo ceramide biosynthesis, how ORMDL3 contributes to asthma pathogenesis is not known. OBJECTIVES We sought to decipher the molecular mechanism for the pathologic functions of ORMDL3 in asthma and the relationship to its evolutionarily conserved role in regulation of ceramide homeostasis. METHODS We determined the relationship between expression of ORMDL3 and ceramide in epithelial and inflammatory cells and in asthma pathogenesis in mice. RESULTS Although small increases in ORMDL3 expression decrease ceramide levels, remarkably, higher expression in lung epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro and in vivo increased ceramide production, which promoted chronic inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mucus production during house dust mite-induced allergic asthma. Moreover, nasal administration of the immunosuppressant drug FTY720/fingolimod reduced ORMDL3 expression and ceramide levels and mitigated airway inflammation and hyperreactivity and mucus hypersecretion in house dust mite-challenged mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that overexpression of ORMDL3 regulates ceramide homeostasis in cells in a complex manner and suggest that local FTY720 administration might be a useful therapeutic intervention for the control of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Oyeniran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Jamie L Sturgill
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va; School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va
| | - Nitai C Hait
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Wei-Ching Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Dorit Avni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Michael Maceyka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Jason Newton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Jeremy C Allegood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Alison Montpetit
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va
| | - Daniel H Conrad
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Sheldon Milstien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Va.
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Sorrentino R, Bertolino A, Terlizzi M, Iacono VM, Maiolino P, Cirino G, Roviezzo F, Pinto A. B cell depletion increases sphingosine-1-phosphate-dependent airway inflammation in mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:571-83. [PMID: 25250941 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0207oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been widely associated with inflammation-based lung pathologies. Because B cells play a critical role as antigen-presenting and/or Ig-producing cells during asthmatic conditions, we wanted to dissect the role of these cells in S1P-dependent airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. Mice were sensitized to ovalbumin or exposed to S1P. Ovalbumin sensitization caused airway hyperreactivity coupled to an increased lung infiltration of B cells, which was significantly reduced after the inhibition of sphingosine kinases I/II. Similarly, the sole administration of S1P increased bronchial reactivity compared with vehicle and was accompanied by a higher influx of B cells in a time-dependent manner. This effect was associated with higher levels of IL-13, transforming growth factor-β, IL-10, and T regulatory cells. In addition, isolated S1P-derived lung B cells increased CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation in vitro, and their suppressive nature at Day 14 was associated with the higher release of transforming growth factor-β and IL-10 when they were cocultured. Therefore, to prove the role of B cells in S1P-mediated airway inflammation, and because CD20 expression, contrary to major hystocompatibility complex I and major hystocompatibility complex II, was up-regulated at Day 14, CD20(+) B cells were depleted by means of a specific monoclonal antibody. The absence of CD20(+) B cells increased airway reactivity and inflammation in S1P-treated mice compared with control mice. These data imply that sphingosine kinase/S1P-mediated airway inflammation is countered by B cells via the induction of an immune-suppressive environment to reduce asthma-like outcomes in mice.
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Stone ML, Sharma AK, Zhao Y, Charles EJ, Huerter ME, Johnston WF, Kron IL, Lynch KR, Laubach VE. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 agonism attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L1245-52. [PMID: 25910934 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00302.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes for lung transplantation are the worst of any solid organ, and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) limits both short- and long-term outcomes. Presently no therapeutic agents are available to prevent IRI. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) modulates immune function through binding to a set of G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5). Although S1P has been shown to attenuate lung IRI, the S1P receptors responsible for protection have not been defined. The present study tests the hypothesis that protection from lung IRI is primarily mediated through S1PR1 activation. Mice were treated with either vehicle, FTY720 (a nonselective S1P receptor agonist), or VPC01091 (a selective S1PR1 agonist and S1PR3 antagonist) before left lung IR. Function, vascular permeability, cytokine expression, neutrophil infiltration, and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in lungs. After IR, both FTY720 and VPC01091 significantly improved lung function (reduced pulmonary artery pressure and increased pulmonary compliance) vs. vehicle control. In addition, FTY720 and VPC01091 significantly reduced vascular permeability, expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-12/IL-23 p40, CC chemokine ligand-2, and TNF-α), myeloperoxidase levels, and neutrophil infiltration compared with control. No significant differences were observed between VPC01091 and FTY720 treatment groups. VPC01091 did not significantly affect elevated invariant natural killer T cell infiltration after IR, and administration of an S1PR1 antagonist reversed VPC01091-mediated protection after IR. In conclusion, VPC01091 and FTY720 provide comparable protection from lung injury and dysfunction after IR. These findings suggest that S1P-mediated protection from IRI is mediated by S1PR1 activation, independent of S1PR3, and that selective S1PR1 agonists may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent lung IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Stone
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Ashish K Sharma
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Yunge Zhao
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Eric J Charles
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mary E Huerter
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - William F Johnston
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Irving L Kron
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Kevin R Lynch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Victor E Laubach
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
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Nussbaum C, Bannenberg S, Keul P, Gräler MH, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF, Korhonen H, von Wnuck Lipinski K, Heusch G, de Castro Faria Neto HC, Rohwedder I, Göthert JR, Prasad VP, Haufe G, Lange-Sperandio B, Offermanns S, Sperandio M, Levkau B. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 promotes leukocyte rolling by mobilizing endothelial P-selectin. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6416. [PMID: 25832730 PMCID: PMC4396399 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) participates in inflammation; however, its role in leukocyte rolling is still unclear. Here we use intravital microscopy in inflamed mouse cremaster muscle venules and human endothelial cells to show that S1P contributes to P-selectin-dependent leukocyte rolling through endothelial S1P receptor 3 (S1P3) and Gαq, PLCβ and Ca2+. Intra-arterial S1P administration increases leukocyte rolling, while S1P3 deficiency or inhibition dramatically reduces it. Mast cells involved in triggering rolling also release S1P that mobilizes P-selectin through S1P3. Histamine and epinephrine require S1P3 for full-scale effect accomplishing it by stimulating sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1). In a counter-regulatory manner, S1P1 inhibits cAMP-stimulated Sphk1 and blocks rolling as observed in endothelial-specific S1P1−/− mice. In agreement with a dominant pro-rolling effect of S1P3, FTY720 inhibits rolling in control and S1P1−/− but not in S1P3−/− mice. Our findings identify S1P as a direct and indirect contributor to leukocyte rolling and characterize the receptors mediating its action. The lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is known to mediate leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Here, Nussbaum et al. show that S1P, via its receptor S1P3, also regulates leukocyte rolling on endothelium by promoting the presentation of the adhesion molecule P-selectin on the endothelial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nussbaum
- 1] Walter Brendel Center, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 81377 München, Germany [2] Dr v. Haunersches Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80337 München, Germany
| | - Sarah Bannenberg
- Institute of Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Petra Keul
- Institute of Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Markus H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Cassiano F Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- 1] Walter Brendel Center, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 81377 München, Germany [2] Laboratorio de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040900, Brazil
| | - Hanna Korhonen
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Karin von Wnuck Lipinski
- Institute of Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute of Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ina Rohwedder
- Walter Brendel Center, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Joachim R Göthert
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Vysakh Pushpa Prasad
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Baerbel Lange-Sperandio
- Dr v. Haunersches Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80337 München, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Center, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Pathophysiology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
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MicroRNA-9 regulates steroid-resistant airway hyperresponsiveness by reducing protein phosphatase 2A activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:462-73. [PMID: 25772595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid-resistant asthma is a major clinical problem that is linked to activation of innate immune cells. Levels of IFN-γ and LPS are often increased in these patients. Cooperative signaling between IFN-γ/LPS induces macrophage-dependent steroid-resistant airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mouse models. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the function of innate immune cells by controlling mRNA stability and translation. Their role in regulating glucocorticoid responsiveness and AHR remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE IFN-γ and LPS synergistically increase the expression of miR-9 in macrophages and lung tissue, suggesting a role in the mechanisms of steroid resistance. Here we demonstrate the role of miR-9 in IFN-γ/LPS-induced inhibition of dexamethasone (DEX) signaling in macrophages and in induction of steroid-resistant AHR. METHODS MiRNA-9 expression was assessed by means of quantitative RT-PCR. Putative miR-9 targets were determined in silico and confirmed in luciferase reporter assays. miR-9 function was inhibited with sequence-specific antagomirs. The efficacy of DEX was assessed by quantifying glucocorticoid receptor (GR) cellular localization, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, and AHR. RESULTS Exposure of pulmonary macrophages to IFN-γ/LPS synergistically induced miR-9 expression; reduced levels of its target transcript, protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B (B56) δ isoform; attenuated PP2A activity; and inhibited DEX-induced GR nuclear translocation. Inhibition of miR-9 increased both PP2A activity and GR nuclear translocation in macrophages and restored steroid sensitivity in multiple models of steroid-resistant AHR. Pharmacologic activation of PP2A restored DEX efficacy and inhibited AHR. MiR-9 expression was increased in sputum of patients with neutrophilic but not those with eosinophilic asthma. CONCLUSION MiR-9 regulates GR signaling and steroid-resistant AHR. Targeting miR-9 function might be a novel approach for the treatment of steroid-resistant asthma.
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Targeting the molecular and cellular interactions of the bone marrow niche in immunologic disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2014; 14:402. [PMID: 24408534 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-013-0402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations have expanded our knowledge of the regulatory bone marrow (BM) niche, which is critical in maintaining and directing hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation. Osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells are niche components in close association with HSCs and have been more clearly defined in immune cell function and homeostasis. Importantly, cellular inhabitants of the BM niche signal through G protein-coupled surface receptors (GPCRs) for various appropriate immune functions. In this article, recent literature on BM niche inhabitants (HSCs, osteoblasts, MSCs, CAR cells) and their GPCR mechanistic interactions are reviewed for better understanding of the BM cells involved in immune development, immunologic disease, and current immune reconstitution therapies.
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Tibboel J, Reiss I, de Jongste JC, Post M. Sphingolipids in lung growth and repair. Chest 2014; 145:120-128. [PMID: 24394822 DOI: 10.1378/chest.13-0967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise a class of bioactive lipids that are involved in a variety of pathophysiologic processes, including cell death and survival. Ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) form the center of sphingolipid metabolism and determine proapoptotic and antiapoptotic balance. Findings in animal models suggest a possible pathophysiologic role of ceramide and S1P in COPD, cystic fibrosis, and asthma. Sphingolipid research is now focusing on the role of ceramides during lung inflammation and its regulation by sphingomyelinases. Recently, sphingolipids have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Ceramide upregulation was linked with vascular endothelial growth factor suppression and decreased surfactant protein B levels, pathways important for the development of BPD. In a murine model of BPD, intervention with an S1P analog had a favorable effect on histologic abnormalities and ceramide levels. Ceramides and S1P also regulate endothelial permeability through cortical actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, which is relevant for the pathogenesis of ARDS. On the basis of these observations, the feasibility of pharmacologic intervention in the sphingolipid pathway to influence disease development and progression is presently explored, with promising early results. The prospect of new strategies to prevent and repair lung disease by interfering with sphingolipid metabolism is exciting and could potentially reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with severe lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Tibboel
- Department of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irwin Reiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C de Jongste
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Post
- Department of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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KleinJan A, van Nimwegen M, Leman K, Hoogsteden HC, Lambrecht BN. Topical treatment targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine lyase abrogates experimental allergic rhinitis in a murine model. Allergy 2013; 68:204-12. [PMID: 23253209 DOI: 10.1111/all.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays a crucial role in homeostasis of the immune system by regulating lymphocyte recirculation and inflammatory cell recruitment. The levels of S1P are tightly controlled through regulated production and controlled breakdown by sphingosine-lyase (SL). The S1P analogue FTY720 has been developed as an immunosuppressant in transplantation and tested as a treatment for various inflammatory diseases. FTY720 exploits S1P biology by acting as a S1P1 and S1P 3 agonist and by inhibiting S1P breakdown by SL. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigate interfering S1P in allergic rhinitis (AR) and its way of action. METHODS Allergic rhinitis was induced by sensitizing mice to ovalbumin (OVA) and challenging the nose with OVA allergen. At the time of allergen challenge, mice received topical intranasal treatment with FTY720. To address the relative contribution of SL inhibition in mediating its effects, some mice were treated with the SL inhibitor 2-acetyl-4-tetrahydroxybutyl (THI). RESULTS FTY720 treatment resulted in significantly fewer eosinophils, mast cells and dendritic cells in the nasal mucosa of AR animals, compared with diluent treatment. Levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13 produced by lymph node cells fell significantly in FTY720-treated animals. Moreover, FTY720 proved potent enough to suppress inflammation in a model of persistent AR. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that FTY720 impaired Th2 differentiation and proliferation important in driving eosinophilia and induced apoptosis in mast cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that interfering with S1P metabolism is a powerful and feasible strategy to develop new topical agents that suppress AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. KleinJan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - M. van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - K. Leman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - H. C. Hoogsteden
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Erasmus MC; Rotterdam; The Netherlands
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Analysis of naïve lung CD4 T cells provides evidence of functional lung to lymph node migration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:1821-6. [PMID: 23319636 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221306110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The proportion of CD4 T cells with phenotypic and functional properties of naïve cells out of total CD4 T cells is similar in the lung parenchyma and lymph nodes. On treatment with a sphingosine-1-phosphate agonist, the frequency of these cells falls precipitously, but with a delay of ∼14 h compared with blood CD4 T cells; neither anti-CD62L nor pertussis toxin prevents entry of naïve CD4 T cells into the lung. Based on treatment with anti-CD62L and the use of CCR7(-/-) cells, lung naïve CD4 T cells appear to migrate to the mediastinal lymph nodes along a CD62L-independent, CCR7-dependent pathway. Cells that have entered the node in this manner are competent to respond to antigen. Thus, a portion (approximately one-half) of naïve CD4 T cells appears to enter the mediastinal lymph nodes through a blood-to-lung-to-lymph node route.
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Diesner SC, Förster-Waldl E, Olivera A, Pollak A, Jensen-Jarolim E, Untersmayr E. Perspectives on immunomodulation early in life. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012; 23:210-23. [PMID: 22299601 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01259.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The immune system early in life is characterized by immature activation and function of immune cells and a preponderance of Th2 cytokines. Together with other factors such as genetics and epigenetics, these immature immune responses might prone newborns susceptible to severe infections as well as allergic diseases. Immunomodulation therapy may have potential as therapeutic strategy against those disorders and might have implication in early-life interventions in the future. In this review, we will focus on two immunomodulatory substance classes, Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and sphingolipids, which are the focus of extensive research to date. Both TLRs and sphingolipid receptors have a very distinct distribution pattern and function on immune cells. Therefore, they can potentially modulate and balance immune responses, which might be in particular beneficial for the immaturity of the immune response early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne C Diesner
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
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Seo YJ, Pritzl CJ, Vijayan M, Blake CR, McClain ME, Hahm B. Sphingosine analogue AAL-R increases TLR7-mediated dendritic cell responses via p38 and type I IFN signaling pathways. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:4759-68. [PMID: 22490865 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine analogues display immunosuppressive activities and thus have therapeutic potential in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of the sphingosine analogue AAL-R (FTY720 derivative) on dendritic cell (DC) response upon TLR stimulation. Unlike its known immunosuppressive activity, AAL-R increased TLR7-mediated DC responses by elevating the levels of MHC class I and costimulatory molecules and type I IFN expression and by enhancing the capacity of DCs to induce CD8(+) T cell proliferation. Importantly, the stimulatory activity of AAL-R was dependent on type I IFN signaling, as type I IFN receptor-deficient DCs failed to respond to AAL-R. Also, AAL-R activated p38 MAPK to increase type I IFN synthesis and TLR7-mediated DC maturation. These findings enhance our understanding of sphingosine regulation of the host immune system, in particular upon pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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50
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Poti F, Costa S, Bergonzini V, Galletti M, Pignatti E, Weber C, Simoni M, Nofer JR. Effect of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonists FTY720 and CYM5442 on atherosclerosis development in LDL receptor deficient (LDL-R⁻/⁻) mice. Vascul Pharmacol 2012; 57:56-64. [PMID: 22459073 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 02/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)--a lysosphingolipid present in HDL--exerts atheroprotective effects in vitro, while FTY720, a non-selective S1P mimetic inhibits atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient (LDL-R⁻/⁻) mice under conditions of severe hypercholesterolemia. We here examined the effect of FTY720 and a selective S1P receptor type 1 agonist CYM5442 on atherosclerosis in moderately hypercholesterolemic LDL-R⁻/⁻ mice. METHODS AND RESULTS LDL-R⁻/⁻ mice fed Western diet (0.25% cholesterol) were given FTY720 (0.4 mg/kg/day) or CYM5442 (2.0 mg/kg/day) for 18 weeks. FTY720 but not CYM5422 persistently lowered blood lymphocytes, depleted CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in spleen and lymph nodes, and reduced splenocyte IL-2 secretion. However, both compounds reduced the activity of splenic and peritoneal macrophages as inferred from the down-regulated CD68 and MHC-II expression in CD11b⁺ cells and the reduced IL-6 secretion in response to LPS, respectively. CYM5442 and FTY720 reduced weight gain, white adipose tissue depots and fasting glucose suggesting improvement of metabolic control, but failed to influence atherosclerosis in LDL-R⁻/⁻ mice. CONCLUSION Despite down-regulating macrophage function and--in case of FTY720--altering lymphocyte distribution CYM5442 and FTY720 fail to affect atherosclerosis in moderately hypercholesterolemic LDL-R⁻/⁻ mice. We hypothesize that S1P mimetics exert atheroprotective effects only under conditions of increased cholesterol burden exacerbating vascular inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/drug therapy
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Body Weight/immunology
- CD11b Antigen/immunology
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Female
- Fingolimod Hydrochloride
- Genes, MHC Class II/immunology
- Indans/pharmacology
- Interleukin-2/immunology
- Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/drug effects
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocytes/drug effects
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Oxadiazoles/pharmacology
- Proprotein Convertases/immunology
- Proprotein Convertases/metabolism
- Propylene Glycols/immunology
- Propylene Glycols/pharmacology
- Receptors, LDL/immunology
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/agonists
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/immunology
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/metabolism
- Serine Endopeptidases/immunology
- Serine Endopeptidases/metabolism
- Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
- Sphingosine/immunology
- Sphingosine/pharmacology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Poti
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Geriatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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