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Chen X, He YQ. Correspondence to "Intranasal administration of Acinetobacter lwoffii in a murine model of asthma induces IL-6-mediated protection associated with cecal microbiota changes". Allergy 2024; 79:2022-2023. [PMID: 38403937 DOI: 10.1111/all.16075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Yan-Qiu He
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
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2
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Di Vincenzo S, Di Sano C, D'Anna C, Ferraro M, Malizia V, Bruno A, Cristaldi M, Cipollina C, Lazzara V, Pinto P, La Grutta S, Pace E. Tyndallized bacteria prime bronchial epithelial cells to mount an effective innate immune response against infections. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1080-1090. [PMID: 38814518 PMCID: PMC11194193 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Airway epithelium represents a physical barrier against toxic substances and pathogens but also presents pattern recognition receptors on the epithelial cells that detect pathogens leading to molecule release and sending signals that activate both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Thus, impaired airway epithelial function and poor integrity may increase the recurrence of infections. Probiotic use in respiratory diseases as adjuvant of traditional therapy is increasingly widespread. There is growing interest in the use of non-viable heat-killed bacteria, such as tyndallized bacteria (TB), due to safety concerns and to their immunomodulatory properties. This study explores in vitro the effects of a TB blend on the immune activation of airway epithelium. 16HBE bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to different concentrations of TB. Cell viability, TB internalization, TLR2 expression, IL-6, IL-8 and TGF-βl expression/release, E-cadherin expression and wound healing were assessed. We found that TB were tolerated, internalized, increased TLR2, E-cadherin expression, IL-6 release and wound healing but decreased both IL-8 and TGF-βl release. In conclusion, TB activate TLR2 pathway without inducing a relevant pro-inflammatory response and improve barrier function, leading to the concept that TB preserve epithelial homeostasis and could be used as strategy to prevent and to manage respiratory infection, exacerbations included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Di Vincenzo
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Di Sano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia D'Anna
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Ferraro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Velia Malizia
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andreina Bruno
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | | | - Chiara Cipollina
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
- Rimed Foundation, 90100, Palermo, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Lazzara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Aziendali E Statistiche-Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Pinto
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Medicina Sperimentale e Forense-Università di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania La Grutta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 90100, Palermo, Italy
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Liu D, Hu L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Su J, Wang G, Gong S. Saccharomyces boulardii alleviates allergic asthma by restoring gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis via up-regulation of METTL3 in an m6A-dependent manner. Immunol Lett 2024; 267:106853. [PMID: 38513836 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease and new strategies are needed to prevent or treat this disease. Studies have shown that probiotic interventions are effective in preventing asthma. Here, we investigated the impact of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma in mice, as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS First, we constructed a mouse asthma model using OVA and given S. boulardii intervention. Next, we measured N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in lung injury tissues. 16 s rRNA was employed to identify different gut microbiota in fecal samples. The analysis of differential metabolites in feces was performed by non-targeted metabolomics. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze correlation between gut microbiota, metabolites and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). Finally, we collected mouse feces treated by OVA and S. boulardii intervention for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and interfered with METTL3. RESULTS S. boulardii improved inflammation and oxidative stress and alleviated lung damage in asthmatic mice. In addition, S. boulardii regulated m6A modification levels in asthmatic mice. 16 s rRNA sequencing showed that S. boulardii remodeled gut microbiota homeostasis in asthmatic mice. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed S. boulardii restored metabolic homeostasis in asthmatic mice. There was a correlation between gut microbiota, differential metabolites, and METTL3 analyzed by Pearson correlation. Additionally, through FMT and interference of METTL3, we found that gut microbiota mediated the up-regulation of METTL3 by S. boulardii improved inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice, and alleviated lung injury. CONCLUSIONS S. boulardii alleviated allergic asthma by restoring gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis via up-regulation of METTL3 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lang Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yina Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yayong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Guyi Wang
- Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Subo Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Jang S, Kim S, Kim SJ, Kim JY, Gu DH, So BR, Ryu JA, Park JM, Yoon SR, Jung SK. Innate Immune-Enhancing Effect of Pinus densiflora Pollen Extract via NF-κB Pathway Activation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:644-653. [PMID: 38213288 PMCID: PMC11016773 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Considering the emergence of various infectious diseases, including the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), people's attention has shifted towards immune health. Consequently, immune-enhancing functional foods have been increasingly consumed. Hence, developing new immune-enhancing functional food products is needed. Pinus densiflora pollen can be collected from the male red pine tree, which is commonly found in Korea. P. densiflora pollen extract (PDE), obtained by water extraction, contained polyphenols (216.29 ± 0.22 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids (35.14 ± 0.04 mg CE/100 g). PDE significantly increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) but, did not exhibit cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells. Western blot results indicated that PDE induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. PDE also significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of cytokines and the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and p65, as well as the activation and degradation of IκBα. Additionally, western blot analysis of cytosolic and nuclear fractions and immunofluorescence assay confirmed that the translocation of p65 to the nucleus after PDE treatment. These results confirmed that PDE increases the production of cytokines, NO, and ROS by activating NF-κB. Therefore, PDE is a promising nutraceutical candidate for immune-enhancing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyeon Jang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - San Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Gu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram So
- COSMAX NBT, INC., Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung A Ryu
- Division of Agricultural Environment Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension services, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Park
- Division of Agricultural Environment Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension services, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ran Yoon
- Division of Agricultural Environment Research, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research & Extension services, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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5
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Peng Z, Dong X, Long Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhu W, Ding B. Causality between allergic diseases and kidney diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1347152. [PMID: 38533318 PMCID: PMC10963543 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1347152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the allergic diseases (ADs) are associated with kidney diseases (KDs). However, the causal association between them remains to be determined. We used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the potential causality between them. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode methods are used to evaluate the causality between ADs and KDs. Sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses were used to ensure the stability of the results. Results The MR results indicated that genetic susceptibility to ADs was associated with a higher risk of CKD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.124, 95% CI = 1.020-1.239, p = 0.019] and unspecified kidney failure (OR = 1.170, 95% CI = 1.004-1.363, p = 0.045) but not with kidney stone, ureter stone or bladder stone (OR = 1.001, 95% CI = 1.000-1.002, p = 0.216), other renal or kidney problem (OR = 1.000, 95% CI = 1.000-1.001, p = 0.339), urinary tract or kidney infection (OR = 1.000, 95% CI = 0.999-1.001, p = 0.604), kidney volume (OR = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.960-1.033, p = 0.812) and cyst of kidney (OR = 0.914, 95% CI = 0.756-1.105, p = 0.354). No causal evidence of KDs on ADs was found in present study. Conclusion Results from MR analysis indicate a causal association between ADs and CKD and unspecified kidney failure. These findings partly suggest that early monitoring of CKD risk in patients with ADs is intentional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Peng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxin Long
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zunjiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yueyao Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Banghan Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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6
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Yang T, Li L, Heng C, Sha P, Wang Y, Shen J, Jiang Z, Qian S, Wei C, Yang H, Zhu X, Wang T, Wu M, Wang J, Lu Q, Yin X. Sodium butyrate ameliorated diabetic nephropathy-associated tubulointerstitial inflammation by modulating the tight junctions of renal tubular epithelial cells. Food Funct 2024; 15:2628-2644. [PMID: 38358014 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00940d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most significant pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy (DN), tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) had a close relationship with tubulointerstitial inflammation (TI), and the occurrence of TI could have resulted from the disrupted tight junctions (TJs) of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). Studies have demonstrated that sodium butyrate (NaB), a typical short chain fatty acid (SCFA), played an important regulatory role in intestinal TJs and inflammation. In this study, our in vivo and in vitro results showed that accompanied by TI, renal tubular TJs were gradually disrupted in the process of DN-related TIF. In HG and LPS co-cultured HK-2 cells and db/db mice, NaB treatment regained the TJs of RTECs via the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1)/AMPK signaling pathway, relieving inflammation. Small interfering RNA of S1PR1, S1PR1 antagonist W146 and agonist SEW2871, and AMPK agonist AICAR were all used to further confirm the essential role of the S1PR1/AMPK signaling pathway in NaB's TJ protection in RTECs in vitro. Finally, NaB administration not only improved the renal function and TIF, but also relieved the TI of db/db mice. These findings suggested that the use of NaB might be a potential adjuvant treatment strategy for DN-associated TIF, and this protective effect was linked to the TJ modulation of RTECs via the S1PR1/AMPK signaling pathway, leading to the improvement of TI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Cai Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, JingJiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Pian Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yiying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Jiaming Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sitong Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Chujing Wei
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Chang YP, Tsai YH, Chen YM, Huang KT, Lee CP, Hsu PY, Chen HC, Lin MC, Chen YC. Upregulated microRNA-125b-5p in patients with asthma-COPD overlap mediates oxidative stress and late apoptosis via targeting IL6R/TRIAP1 signaling. Respir Res 2024; 25:64. [PMID: 38302925 PMCID: PMC10835813 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), some have features of both asthma and COPD-a condition categorized as asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Our aim was to determine whether asthma- or COPD-related microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the pathogenesis of ACO. METHODS A total of 22 healthy subjects and 27 patients with ACO were enrolled. We selected 6 miRNAs that were found to correlate with COPD and asthma. The expression of miRNAs and target genes was analyzed using quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species production were evaluated using flow cytometry. In vitro human monocytic THP-1 cells and primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells under stimuli with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or ovalbumin (OVA) allergen or both were used to verify the clinical findings. RESULTS We identified the upregulation of miR-125b-5p in patients with ACO and in THP-1 cells stimulated with CSE plus OVA allergen. We selected 16 genes related to the miR-125b-5p pathway and found that IL6R and TRIAP1 were both downregulated in patients with ACO and in THP-1 cells stimulated with CSE plus OVA. The percentage of late apoptotic cells increased in the THP-1 cell culture model when stimulated with CSE plus OVA, and the effect was reversed by transfection with miR-125b-5p small interfering RNA (siRNA). The percentage of reactive oxygen species-producing cells increased in the NHBE cell culture model when stimulated with CSE plus OVA, and the effect was reversed by transfection with miR-125b-5p siRNA. In NHBE cells, siRNA transfection reversed the upregulation of STAT3 under CSE+OVA stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that upregulation of miR-125b-5p in patients with ACO mediated late apoptosis in THP-1 cells and oxidative stress in NHBE cells via targeting IL6R and TRIAP1. STAT3 expression was also regulated by miR-125b-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsuan Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yu-Mu Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Kuo-Tung Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chiu-Ping Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Po-Yuan Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Hung-Chen Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
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Guo K, Yombo DJK, Wang Z, Navaeiseddighi Z, Xu J, Schmit T, Ahamad N, Tripathi J, De Kumar B, Mathur R, Hur J, Sun J, Olszewski MA, Khan N. The chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes CD8 + T cell-dependent lung pathology during influenza pathogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj1120. [PMID: 38170765 PMCID: PMC10776024 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The dual role of CD8+ T cells in influenza control and lung pathology is increasingly appreciated. To explore whether protective and pathological functions can be linked to specific subsets, we dissected CD8+ T responses in influenza-infected murine lungs. Our single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed notable diversity in CD8+ T subpopulations during peak viral load and infection-resolved state. While enrichment of a Cxcr3hi CD8+ T effector subset was associated with a more robust cytotoxic response, both CD8+ T effector and central memory exhibited equally potent effector potential. The scRNA-seq analysis identified unique regulons regulating the cytotoxic response in CD8+ T cells. The late-stage CD8+ T blockade in influenza-cleared lungs or continuous CXCR3 blockade mitigated lung injury without affecting viral clearance. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of wild-type CD8+ T cells exacerbated influenza lung pathology in Cxcr3-/- mice. Collectively, our data imply that CXCR3 interception could have a therapeutic effect in preventing influenza-linked lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dan J. K. Yombo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Jintao Xu
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Health System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Taylor Schmit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Nassem Ahamad
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jitendra Tripathi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Bony De Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mathur
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Michal A. Olszewski
- Research Service, Ann Arbor VA Health System, Department of Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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9
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Auroni TT, Arora K, Natekar JP, Pathak H, Elsharkawy A, Kumar M. The critical role of interleukin-6 in protection against neurotropic flavivirus infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1275823. [PMID: 38053527 PMCID: PMC10694511 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1275823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are emerging mosquito-borne flaviviruses causing encephalitis globally. No specific drug or therapy exists to treat flavivirus-induced neurological diseases. The lack of specific therapeutics underscores an urgent need to determine the function of important host factors involved in flavivirus replication and disease progression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) upregulation has been observed during viral infections in both mice and humans, implying that it may influence the disease outcome significantly. Herein, we investigated the function of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of neurotropic flavivirus infections. First, we examined the role of IL-6 in flavivirus-infected human neuroblastoma cells, SK-N-SH, and found that IL-6 neutralization increased the WNV or JEV replication and inhibited the expression of key cytokines. We further evaluated the role of IL-6 by infecting primary mouse cells derived from IL-6 knockout (IL-6-/-) mice and wild-type (WT) mice with WNV or JEV. The results exhibited increased virus yields in the cells lacking the IL-6 gene. Next, our in vivo approach revealed that IL-6-/- mice had significantly higher morbidity and mortality after subcutaneous infection with the pathogenic WNV NY99 or JEV Nakayama strain compared to WT mice. The non-pathogenic WNV Eg101 strain did not cause mortality in WT mice but resulted in 60% mortality in IL-6-/- mice, indicating that IL-6 is required for the survival of mice after the peripheral inoculation of WNV or JEV. We also observed significantly higher viremia and brain viral load in IL-6-/- mice than in WT mice. Subsequently, we explored innate immune responses in WT and IL-6-/- mice after WNV NY99 infection. Our data demonstrated that the IL-6-/- mice had reduced levels of key cytokines in the serum during early infection but elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain later, along with suppressed anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, mRNA expression of IFN-α and IFN-β was significantly lower in the infected IL-6-/- mice. In conclusion, these data suggest that the lack of IL-6 exacerbates WNV or JEV infection in vitro and in vivo by causing an increase in virus replication and dysregulating host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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10
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Campion NJ, Villazala-Merino S, Thwaites RS, Stanek V, Killick H, Pertsinidou E, Zghaebi M, Toth J, Fröschl R, Perkmann T, Gangl K, Schneider S, Ristl R, Scott IC, Cohen ES, Molin M, Focke-Tejkl M, Regelsberger G, Hansel TT, Valenta R, Niederberger-Leppin V, Eckl-Dorna J. Nasal IL-13 production identifies patients with late-phase allergic responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1167-1178.e12. [PMID: 37536510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited knowledge on how local cytokine secretion patterns after nasal allergen challenge correlate with clinical symptoms especially with regard to the "late allergic response," which occurs in approximately 40% to 50% of patients with allergy. OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize the immunologic and clinical nasal responses to birch pollen allergen challenge with a special focus on the late allergic response. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, birch pollen-allergic participants were challenged with birch pollen extract (n = 20) or placebo (n = 10) on 3 consecutive days. On days 1 and 3, nasal secretions were collected at selected time points over a 24-hour time course for the measurement of 33 inflammatory mediators. Clinical responses were determined through subjective symptom scores and objective nasal airflow measurements. RESULTS Provoked participants had significantly greater clinical responses and showed significant increases in tryptase and the soluble IL-33 receptor serum stimulation 2 (sST2) in nasal secretions within minutes compared with the placebo group. Eight of 20 provoked participants displayed high IL-13 levels 2 to 8 hours after allergen provocation. This group also showed significant changes in clinical parameters, with a secondary drop in nasal airflow measured by peak nasal inspiratory flow and increased symptoms of nasal obstruction, which significantly differed from IL-13 nonresponders after 6 hours. CONCLUSIONS IL-13 response status correlates with clinical responses and type 2 cytokine responses in the late phase after allergen provocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Campion
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ryan S Thwaites
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Stanek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helen Killick
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mohammed Zghaebi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Toth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Fröschl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Perkmann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Gangl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Ristl
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian C Scott
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Suzanne Cohen
- Bioscience Asthma, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Molin
- Research and Development, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margit Focke-Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Guenther Regelsberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Trevor T Hansel
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Julia Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Goode EJ, Marczylo E. A scoping review: What are the cellular mechanisms that drive the allergic inflammatory response to fungal allergens in the lung epithelium? Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12252. [PMID: 37357550 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic airway disease (AAD) is a collective term for respiratory disorders that can be exacerbated upon exposure to airborne allergens. The contribution of fungal allergens to AAD has become well established over recent years. We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to better understand the mechanisms involved in the allergic response to fungi in airway epithelia, identify knowledge gaps and make recommendations for future research. The search resulted in 61 studies for final analysis. Despite heterogeneity in the models and methods used, we identified major pathways involved in fungal allergy. These included the activation of protease-activated receptor 2, the EGFR pathway, adenosine triphosphate and purinergic receptor-dependent release of IL33, and oxidative stress, which drove mucin expression and goblet cell metaplasia, Th2 cytokine production, reduced barrier integrity, eosinophil recruitment, and airway hyperresponsiveness. However, there were several knowledge gaps and therefore we recommend future research should focus on the use of more physiologically relevant methods to directly compare key allergenic fungal species, clarify specific mechanisms of fungal allergy, and assess the fungal allergy in disease models. This will inform disease management and future interventions, ultimately reducing the burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma-Jane Goode
- Toxicology Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Emma Marczylo
- Toxicology Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
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12
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Guo K, Yombo DJK, Schmit T, Wang Z, Navaeiseddighi Z, Sathish V, Mathur R, Wu M, Kumar BD, Hur J, Khan N. Cellular Heterogeneity and Molecular Reprogramming of the Host Response during Influenza Acute Lung Injury. J Virol 2022; 96:e0124622. [PMID: 36286482 PMCID: PMC9645213 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01246-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An exuberant host response contributes to influenza A virus (IAV) (or influenza)-mediated lung injury. However, despite significant information on the host response to IAV, the cellular framework and molecular interactions that dictate the development of acute injury in IAV-infected lungs remain incompletely understood. We performed an unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) analysis to examine the cellular heterogeneity and regulation of host responses in the IAV model of acute lung injury. At the cellular level, IAV infection promoted the overwhelming recruitment of monocytes that exhibited the cell differentiation trajectory to monocyte-derived macrophages. Together, monocytes and monocyte-derived myeloid cells constituted over 50% of the total immune cells in IAV-infected lungs. In contrast, IAV infection resulted in a significant loss of nonhematopoietic cells. Molecularly, our data show the multidimensional cell-cell communication dynamics of interferon and chemokine signaling between immune and nonimmune cells and the cell-specific molecular pathways regulating the host responses during IAV-induced lung injury. Our data provide a foundation for further exploring the mechanistic association of the IAV host response with acute lung injury. IMPORTANCE A dysregulated host response develops acute lung injury during IAV infection. However, the pathological immune mechanism(s) associated with acute lung injury during IAV infection is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we performed scRNAseq to examine the dynamics of host responses during the peak of IAV-mediated lung injury. At the cellular level, our data reveal significant myelopoiesis predominated by monocytes and macrophages and the simultaneous disruption of the nonhematopoietic cell framework, crucial for regulating inflammation and barrier integrity in IAV-infected lungs. Molecularly, we observed a complex cellular network involving cell-cell communications and a number of unique regulons dictating the outcome of interferon and chemokine responses during peak lung injury. Our data present a unique atlas of cellular changes and the regulation of global and cell-specific host responses during IAV infection. We expect that this information will open new avenues to identify targets for therapeutic intervention against IAV lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dan Justin Kalenda Yombo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Taylor Schmit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Venkatachelem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mathur
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Bony De Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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13
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Chen Y, Ma J, Dong Y, Yang Z, Zhao N, Liu Q, Zhai W, Zheng J. Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:913718. [PMID: 35865926 PMCID: PMC9295744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.913718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different gut microbiota is implicated in different diseases, including cancer. However, gut microbiota differences between individuals with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and healthy individuals are unclear. Here, we analyzed gut microbiota composition in 51 ccRCC patients and 40 healthy controls using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. We observed that Blautia, Streptococcus, [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, Romboutsia, and [Eubacterium]_hallii_group were dominant and positively associated with ccRCC. We isolated and cultured Streptococcus lutetiensis to characterize specific gut microbiota that promotes ccRCC and found that it promoted in vitro ccRCC proliferation, migration, and invasion via the TGF-signaling pathway. Interactions identified between the gut microbiota and ccRCC suggest the gut microbiota could serve as a potential non-invasive tool for predicting ccRCC risk and also function as a cancer therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunze Dong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Liu,
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Wei Zhai,
| | - Junhua Zheng
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Junhua Zheng,
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14
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Godbole NM, Chowdhury AA, Chataut N, Awasthi S. Tight Junctions, the Epithelial Barrier, and Toll-like Receptor-4 During Lung Injury. Inflammation 2022; 45:2142-2162. [PMID: 35779195 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung epithelium is constantly exposed to the environment and is critically important for the orchestration of initial responses to infectious organisms, toxins, and allergic stimuli, and maintenance of normal gaseous exchange and pulmonary function. The integrity of lung epithelium, fluid balance, and transport of molecules is dictated by the tight junctions (TJs). The TJs are formed between adjacent cells. We have focused on the topic of the TJ structure and function in lung epithelial cells. This review includes a summary of the last twenty years of literature reports published on the disrupted TJs and epithelial barrier in various lung conditions and expression and regulation of specific TJ proteins against pathogenic stimuli. We discuss the molecular signaling and crosstalk among signaling pathways that control the TJ structure and function. The Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) recognizes the pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns released during lung injury and inflammation and coordinates cellular responses. The molecular aspects of TLR4 signaling in the context of TJs or the epithelial barrier are not fully known. We describe the current knowledge and possible networking of the TLR4-signaling with cellular and molecular mechanisms of TJs, lung epithelial barrier function, and resistance to treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachiket M Godbole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Asif Alam Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Neha Chataut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - Shanjana Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA.
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15
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Flores-Torres AS, Samarasinghe AE. Impact of Therapeutics on Unified Immunity During Allergic Asthma and Respiratory Infections. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:852067. [PMID: 35386652 PMCID: PMC8974821 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.852067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Patients with allergic asthma, the most prevalent asthma endotype, are widely considered to possess a defective immune response against some respiratory infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, respiratory pathogens are associated with asthma development and exacerbations. However, growing data suggest that the immune milieu in allergic asthma may be beneficial during certain respiratory infections. Immunomodulatory asthma treatments, although beneficial, should then be carefully prescribed to avoid misuse and overuse as they can also alter the host microbiome. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent evidence of the correlations between allergic asthma and the most significant respiratory infectious agents that have a role in asthma pathogenesis. We also discuss the implications of current asthma therapeutics beyond symptom prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando S. Flores-Torres
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy-Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amali E. Samarasinghe
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy-Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Amali E. Samarasinghe
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16
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Chen S, Chen Z, Deng Y, Zha S, Yu L, Li D, Liang Z, Yang K, Liu S, Chen R. Prevention of IL-6 signaling ameliorates toluene diisocyanate-induced steroid-resistant asthma. Allergol Int 2022; 71:73-82. [PMID: 34332882 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicated the crucial role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling in the development of allergic asthma. Yet, the role of IL-6 signaling in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic airway inflammation still remains unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to dissect the role of IL-6 signaling and to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on TDI-induced steroid-resistant asthma. METHODS TDI-induced asthma model was prepared and asthmatic mice were respectively given IL-6 monoclonal antibody, IL-6R monoclonal antibody (tocilizumab, 5 mg/kg, i.p. after each challenge) for therapeutic purposes or isotype IgG as control. RESULTS TDI exposure just elevated IL-6R expression in the infiltrated inflammatory cells around the airway, but increased glycoprotein 130 expression in the whole lung, especially in bronchial epithelium. Moreover, TDI inhalation increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, coupled with mixed granulocytic inflammation, exaggerated epithelial denudation, airway smooth muscle thickening, goblet cell metaplasia, extensive submucosal collagen deposition, dysregulated Th2/Th17 responses, as well as innate immune responses and raised serum IgE. And almost all these responses except for raised serum IgE were markedly ameliorated by the administration of IL-6 neutralizing antibody or tocilizumab, but exhibited poor response to systemic steroid treatment. Also, TDI challenge induced nucleocytoplasm translocation of HMGB1 and promoted its release in the BALF, as well as elevated lung level of STAT3 phosphorylation, which were inhibited by anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-6R treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that IL-6 monoclonal antibody and tocilizumab might effectively abrogate TDI-induced airway inflammation and remodeling, which could be used as a clinical potential therapy for patients with severe asthma.
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17
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Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis of the Underlying Mechanism of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. for Antiasthma: A Characteristic Medicinal Material in Xinjiang. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7671247. [PMID: 34880921 PMCID: PMC8648465 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7671247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. (Shen Xiang Cao (SXC)), a traditional medicine herb in Xinjiang, has a long history of being used by minorities to treat asthma. However, its active antiasthmatic compounds and underlying mechanism of action are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioactive compounds and explore the molecular mechanism of SCX in the treatment of asthma using network pharmacology. Methods The compounds of SCX were collected by a literature search, and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction were used to predict targets and screen active compounds. Moreover, asthma-related targets were obtained based on DisGeNET, Herb, and GeneCards databases, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built by the STRING database. Furthermore, the topological analysis of the PPI and SXC-compound-target networks were analyzed and established by Cytoscape software. Finally, the RStudio software package was used for carrying out Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. AutoDock tools and AutoDock Vina were used to molecularly dock the active compounds and key targets. Results A total of 8 active compounds and 258 potential targets related to SXC were predicted, and PPI network screened out key targets, including IL-6, JUN, TNF, IL10, and CXCL8. GO enrichment analysis involved cell responses to reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, chemical stress, etc. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis showed that SXC effectively treated asthma through regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways, interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathways, toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. Conclusion The preliminary study that was based on multiple compounds, multiple targets, and multiple pathways provides a scientific basis for further elucidating the molecules involved and the underlying antiasthma-related mechanisms of SXC.
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18
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Fang L, Roth M. Airway Wall Remodeling in Childhood Asthma-A Personalized Perspective from Cell Type-Specific Biology. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111229. [PMID: 34834581 PMCID: PMC8625708 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway wall remodeling is a pathology occurring in chronic inflammatory lung diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and fibrosis. In 2017, the American Thoracic Society released a research statement highlighting the gaps in knowledge and understanding of airway wall remodeling. The four major challenges addressed in this statement were: (i) the lack of consensus to define “airway wall remodeling” in different diseases, (ii) methodologic limitations and inappropriate models, (iii) the lack of anti-remodeling therapies, and (iv) the difficulty to define endpoints and outcomes in relevant studies. This review focuses on the importance of cell-cell interaction, especially the bronchial epithelium, in asthma-associated airway wall remodeling. The pathology of “airway wall remodeling” summarizes all structural changes of the airway wall without differentiating between different pheno- or endo-types of asthma. Indicators of airway wall remodeling have been reported in childhood asthma in the absence of any sign of inflammation; thus, the initiation event remains unknown. Recent studies have implied that the interaction between the epithelium with immune cells and sub-epithelial mesenchymal cells is modified in asthma by a yet unknown epigenetic mechanism during early childhood.
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19
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Nikolskii AA, Shilovskiy IP, Barvinskaia ED, Korneev AV, Sundukova MS, Khaitov MR. Role of STAT3 Transcription Factor in Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1489-1501. [PMID: 34906042 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921110122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease of airways. The studies of molecular and cellular mechanisms of bronchial asthma have established that a wide range of immune (T and B cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, etc.) and structural (epithelial and endothelial) cells are involved in its pathogenesis. These cells are activated in response to external stimuli (bacteria, viruses, allergens, and other pollutants) and produce pro-inflammatory factors (cytokines, chemokines, metalloproteinases, etc.), which ultimately leads to the initiation of pathological processes in the lungs. Genes encoding transcription factors of the STAT family (signal transducer and activator of transcription), that includes seven representatives, are involved in the cell activation. Recent studies have shown that the transcription factor STAT3 plays an important role in the activation of the abovementioned cells, thus contributing to the development of asthma. In animal studies, selective inhibition of STAT3 significantly reduces the severity of lung inflammation, which indicates its potential as a therapeutic target. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of STAT3 activation and its role in polarization of Th2/Th17 cells and M2 macrophages, as well as in the dysfunction of endothelial cells, which ultimately leads to development of bronchial asthma symptoms, such as infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils into the lungs, bronchial hyperreactivity, and the respiratory tract remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr A Nikolskii
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
| | - Igor P Shilovskiy
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina D Barvinskaia
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
| | - Artem V Korneev
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
| | - Maria S Sundukova
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
| | - Musa R Khaitov
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115522, Russia
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20
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Sueker M, Stromsodt K, Gorji HT, Vasefi F, Khan N, Schmit T, Varma R, Mackinnon N, Sokolov S, Akhbardeh A, Liang B, Qin J, Chan DE, Baek I, Kim MS, Tavakolian K. Handheld Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging System to Detect and Disinfect Surface Contamination. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217222. [PMID: 34770529 PMCID: PMC8588002 DOI: 10.3390/s21217222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Contamination inspection is an ongoing concern for food distributors, restaurant owners, caterers, and others who handle food. Food contamination must be prevented, and zero tolerance legal requirements and damage to the reputation of institutions or restaurants can be very costly. This paper introduces a new handheld fluorescence-based imaging system that can rapidly detect, disinfect, and document invisible organic residues and biofilms which may host pathogens. The contamination, sanitization inspection, and disinfection (CSI-D) system uses light at two fluorescence excitation wavelengths, ultraviolet C (UVC) at 275 nm and violet at 405 nm, for the detection of organic residues, including saliva and respiratory droplets. The 275 nm light is also utilized to disinfect pathogens commonly found within the contaminated residues. Efficacy testing of the neutralizing effects of the ultraviolet light was conducted for Aspergillus fumigatus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the influenza A virus (a fungus, a bacterium, and a virus, respectively, each commonly found in saliva and respiratory droplets). After the exposure to UVC light from the CSI-D, all three pathogens experienced deactivation (> 99.99%) in under ten seconds. Up to five-log reductions have also been shown within 10 s of UVC irradiation from the CSI-D system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Sueker
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (M.S.); (K.S.); (H.T.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Kristen Stromsodt
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (M.S.); (K.S.); (H.T.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Hamed Taheri Gorji
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (M.S.); (K.S.); (H.T.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Fartash Vasefi
- SafetySpect Inc., 4200 James Ray Dr., Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (F.V.); (N.M.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Nadeem Khan
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (N.K.); (T.S.); (R.V.)
| | - Taylor Schmit
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (N.K.); (T.S.); (R.V.)
| | - Rangati Varma
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (N.K.); (T.S.); (R.V.)
| | - Nicholas Mackinnon
- SafetySpect Inc., 4200 James Ray Dr., Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (F.V.); (N.M.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Stanislav Sokolov
- SafetySpect Inc., 4200 James Ray Dr., Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (F.V.); (N.M.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Alireza Akhbardeh
- SafetySpect Inc., 4200 James Ray Dr., Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (F.V.); (N.M.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Bo Liang
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (M.S.); (K.S.); (H.T.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Jianwei Qin
- USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.Q.); (D.E.C.); (I.B.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Diane E. Chan
- USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.Q.); (D.E.C.); (I.B.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Insuck Baek
- USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.Q.); (D.E.C.); (I.B.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Moon S. Kim
- USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (J.Q.); (D.E.C.); (I.B.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Kouhyar Tavakolian
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (M.S.); (K.S.); (H.T.G.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Wang Q, Chang X, Liu M, Lu Q, Zhu M, Lin H, Fan H. Glaesserella parasuis serotype 4 HPS4-YC disrupts the integrity of the swine tracheal epithelial barrier and facilitates bacterial translocation. Vet Res 2021; 52:135. [PMID: 34674760 PMCID: PMC8529811 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-01005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) is a commensal bacterium in the upper respiratory tract of pigs that can also cause the swine Glässer disease, which induces an intensive inflammatory response and results in significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. G. parasuis can cause disease through infection of the respiratory tract, resulting in systemic infection, but the mechanism is largely unknown. Recently we showed that Glaesserella parasuis serotype 4 (GPS4) increased swine tracheal epithelial barrier permeability, resulting in easier bacterial translocation. Tight junction proteins (TJ) play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and impermeability of the epithelial barrier. GPS4 decreased the expression of the TJ ZO-1 and occludin in swine tracheal epithelial cells (STEC). Furthermore, the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly upregulated in GPS4-infected STEC, and both the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were activated and contributed to the expression of TNF-α. We demonstrate that the production of proinflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α, during GPS4 infection was involved in barrier dysfunction. Additionally, animal challenge experiments confirmed that GPS4 infection downregulated TJ in the lungs of piglets and induced a severe inflammatory response. In general, G. parasuis infection downregulated the expression of TJ and induced massive secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in epithelial barrier disruption and favoring bacterial infection. This study allowed us to better understand the mechanism by which G. parasuis crosses the respiratory tract of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaojing Chang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Huixing Lin
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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22
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Campbell C, Andersson MI, Ansari MA, Moswela O, Misbah SA, Klenerman P, Matthews PC. Risk of Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Tuberculosis (TB) and Complications of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Following Tocilizumab Therapy: A Systematic Review to Inform Risk Assessment in the COVID-19 Era. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:706482. [PMID: 34490299 PMCID: PMC8417527 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.706482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor antagonist, is used in the treatment of severe COVID-19 caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. However, unintended consequences of TCZ therapy include reactivation of tuberculosis (TB) or hepatitis B virus (HBV), and worsening of hepatitis C virus (HCV). We set out to assimilate existing data for these complications, in order to help inform evidence-based risk assessments for the use of TCZ, and thus to reduce the risk of serious but preventable complications. Methods: We searched the global WHO database of Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) ("VigiBase") and undertook a systematic literature review, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We generated mean cumulative incidence estimates for infection complications. Results: Mean cumulative incidence of HBV and TB were 3.3 and 4.3%, respectively, in patients receiving TCZ. Insufficient data were available to generate estimates for HCV. These estimates derive from heterogeneous studies pre-dating SARS-CoV-2, with differing epidemiology and varied approaches to screening and prophylaxis, so formal meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusions: We underline the need for careful individual risk assessment prior to TCZ prescription, and present an algorithm to guide clinical stratification. There is an urgent need for ongoing collation of safety data as TCZ therapy is used in COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cori Campbell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Monique I. Andersson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Azim Ansari
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Moswela
- Pharmacy Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Siraj A. Misbah
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa C. Matthews
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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23
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Han F, Li S, Yang Y, Bai Z. Interleukin-6 promotes ferroptosis in bronchial epithelial cells by inducing reactive oxygen species-dependent lipid peroxidation and disrupting iron homeostasis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5279-5288. [PMID: 34402724 PMCID: PMC8806540 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1964158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma occurs accompanied by the ferroptosis in bronchial epithelial cells, during which Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a key role. However, the associations between IL-6, ferroptosis and asthma have not been reported. Bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B cells were induced by different concentrations of IL-6 and cell viability was detected by MTT assay. The TBARS production rate was detected by corresponding kit. The expression of oxidative stress-related indexes was detected by ELISA. The Iron Assay Kits detected total iron levels and ferrous ion (Fe2+) levels. Labile iron pool assay was used to detect the cell unstable iron pool. The expression of ferroptosis-related proteins was detected by Western blot. To further examine the mechanism of action, ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin 1 (Fer-1), antioxidant NAC, and the iron supplement Fe were added. We found that IL-6 decreased the activity, promoted lipid peroxidation, disrupted iron homeostasis of BEAS-2B cells, and induced iron death in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. However, pretreatment with Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and antioxidant NAC partially reversed the effect of IL-6 on lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in BEAS-2B cells, while Fe augmented the effect. Overall, IL-6 promotes ferroptosis in bronchial epithelial cells by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent lipid peroxidation and disrupting iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- The Key Laboratory Of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry Of Education, School Of Biotechnology, jiangnan university, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory For Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center For Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijie Li
- The Key Laboratory Of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry Of Education, School Of Biotechnology, jiangnan university, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory For Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center For Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yankun Yang
- The Key Laboratory Of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry Of Education, School Of Biotechnology, jiangnan university, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory For Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center For Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- The Key Laboratory Of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry Of Education, School Of Biotechnology, jiangnan university, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory For Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center For Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Cao Q, Lin Y, Yue C, Wang Y, Quan F, Cui X, Bi R, Tang X, Yang Y, Wang C, Li X, Gao X. IL-6 deficiency promotes colitis by recruiting Ly6C hi monocytes into inflamed colon tissues in a CCL2-CCR2-dependent manner. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 904:174165. [PMID: 33979652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is elevated in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the role of IL-6 deficiency in colitis is not well-defined. Some IL-6 and IL-6 receptor antagonists are associated with severe gastrointestinal immune adverse effects, but the mechanisms of the effects are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL-6 in ulcerative colitis in Il6-/- mice. Results indicated that physiological deficiency of IL-6 promoted the development of colitis. Moreover, IL-6 deficiency significantly increased the mRNA levels of monocytes chemokine Ccl2 and its receptor Ccr2 in colon tissues. Similarly, the percentage of Ly6Chigh monocytes and neutrophils were increased in the colon of Il6-/- mice. Intestinal crypts more strongly increased the migration of Il6-/- macrophages than wild-type ones. Moreover, Il6-/- macrophages promoted the migration of neutrophils. Most importantly, RS102895, an antagonist of CCR2, diminished chemotaxis of macrophages and inhibited colitis in Il6-/- mice. Collectively, these results indicate that Il6-/- macrophages migrate to inflamed colon tissues and recruit neutrophils, thereby promoting the effect of Il6-/- on colitis. This study expands our understanding on the effect of IL-6 deficiency in colitis and the development of gastrointestinal immune adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Cao
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Yanting Lin
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Chongxiu Yue
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Fei Quan
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Xinmeng Cui
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Ran Bi
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Xinying Tang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China
| | - Yong Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China.
| | - Xianjing Li
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China.
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China.
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25
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Wang Q, Guo A, Sheng M, Zhou H. The changes of respiratory microbiome between mild and severe asthma patients. Microbiol Immunol 2021; 65:204-213. [PMID: 33629787 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increased number of patients suffering from asthma, the mechanism of this disease has been subject to much attention from the public and finding a cure for this disease is urgent. A changed abundance of the microbiome has been proven to play an important role in the genesis and development of asthma. In this study, the abundance and the function of the microbiome were studied. It was found that there were significant changes in the components and the function of the microbiome when asthma changed from mild to severe. This study could help us to better understand the relationship between asthma and the respiratory microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunzhi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - An Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meiling Sheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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26
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Kalidhindi RSR, Ambhore NS, Balraj P, Schmidt T, Khan MN, Sathish V. Androgen receptor activation alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a murine model of asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L803-L818. [PMID: 33719566 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00441.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate an apparent sex-based difference in the prevalence of asthma, with a higher risk in boys than girls, which is reversed postpuberty, where women become more prone to asthma than men, suggesting a plausible beneficial role for male hormones, especially androgens as a regulator of pathophysiology in asthmatic lungs. Using a murine model of asthma developed with mixed allergen (MA) challenge, we report a significant change in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), as demonstrated by increased thickness of epithelial and airway smooth muscle layers and collagen deposition, as well as Th2/Th17-biased inflammation in the airways of non-gonadectomized (non-GDX) and gonadectomized (GDX) male mice. Here, compared with non-GDX mice, MA-induced AHR and inflammatory changes were more prominent in GDX mice. Activation of androgen receptor (AR) using 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT, AR agonist) resulted in decreased Th2/Th17 inflammation and remodeling-associated changes, resulting in improved lung function compared with MA alone challenged mice, especially in GDX mice. These changes were not observed with Flutamide (Flut, AR antagonist). Overall, we show that AR exerts a significant and beneficial role in asthma by regulating AHR and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Satyanarayana Raju Kalidhindi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Nilesh Sudhakar Ambhore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Premanand Balraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Taylor Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - M Nadeem Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
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27
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Changes in lung immune cell infiltrates after electric field treatment in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1453. [PMID: 33446928 PMCID: PMC7809414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous electric fields are currently used in human therapy in a number of contexts. Interestingly, electric fields have also been shown to alter migration and function of immune cells, suggesting the potential for electric field-based immune therapy. Little is known as to the effect of electric field treatment (EFT) on the lung. To determine if EFT associates with changes in lung immune cell infiltration, we used a mouse model with varying methods of EFT application and measured cells and soluble mediators using flow cytometry and cytokine/chemokine multiplex. EFT was associated with a transient increase in lung neutrophils and decrease in eosinophils in naïve mice within 2 h of treatment, accompanied by an increase in IL-6 levels. In order to test whether EFT could alter eosinophil/neutrophil recruitment in a relevant disease model, a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation was used. Four EFT doses in allergen-sensitized mice resulted in increased neutrophil and reduced eosinophil infiltrates following allergen challenge, suggesting a durable change in inflammation by EFT. Mice with allergic inflammation were analyzed by flexiVent for measures of lung function. EFT-treated mice had increased inspiratory capacity and other measures of lung function were not diminished. These data suggest EFT may be used to manipulate immune cell infiltration in the lung without affecting lung function.
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