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Pamulapati S, Abousaud M, Li Y, Ekpenyong A, Rudra S, Remick JS, Bates JE, Stokes WA, McDonald MW, Schmitt NC, El-Deiry MW, Patel MR, Steuer CE, Switchenko JM, Shin DM, Teng Y, Hammond A, Saba NF. Assessing survival outcomes of patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: Focus on age, sex, and stage. Head Neck 2024; 46:2167-2177. [PMID: 38695445 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to provide further insights into whether age and/or sex are associated with prognosis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing hospital registry data from 2006 to 2016 obtained from the National Cancer Database. Identified patients were divided into various cohorts based on age, sex, and staging. A descriptive analysis was performed using chi-square tests and overall survival rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS A total of 17 642 patients were included in the study. The 5-year overall survival rates were 82.0% (95% CI: 79.8%-84.0%) in younger patients versus 67.5% (95% CI: 66.7%-68.3%, p-value <0.0001) older patients. The median overall survival for females was 143.4 months (95% CI: 133.2-NA) versus 129.8 (95% CI: 125.4-138.7, p-value <0.0001) in males. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis suggests that younger age and female sex are both predictors of improved survival in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saagar Pamulapati
- Internal Medicine Program, Mercyhealth Graduate Medical Education Consortium, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Marin Abousaud
- Astellas Pharma Global Development Inc., Astellas Pharma, Northbrook, Illinois, USA
| | - Yixuan Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Asari Ekpenyong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Soumon Rudra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jill S Remick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James E Bates
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - William A Stokes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mark W McDonald
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nicole C Schmitt
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mark W El-Deiry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mihir R Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Conor E Steuer
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Switchenko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anthea Hammond
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Liu F, Yang H, Liu X, Ning Y, Wu Y, Yan X, Zheng H, Liu C. LncRNA CCAT1 knockdown suppresses tongue squamous cell carcinoma progression by inhibiting the ubiquitination of PHLPP2. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05004-1. [PMID: 38763996 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is prevailing malignancy in the oral and maxillofacial region, characterized by its high frequency. LncRNA CCAT1 can promote tumorigenesis and progression in many cancers. Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanism by which CCAT1 influences growth and metastasis of TSCC. Levels of CCAT1, WTAP, TRIM46, PHLPP2, AKT, p-AKT, and Ki67 in TSCC tissues and cells were assessed utilizing qRT-PCR, Western blot and IHC. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated utilizing CCK8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays. Subcellular localization of CCAT1 was detected utilizing FISH assay. m6A level of CCAT1 was assessed using MeRIP. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and RNA pull down elucidated binding relationship between molecules. Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments were used to verify the TSCC regulatory function of CCAT1 in vivo. Metastatic pulmonary nodules were observed utilizing hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. CCAT1 silencing repressed TSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Expression of CCAT1 was enhanced through N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of its RNA, facilitated by WTAP. Moreover, IGF2BP1 up-regulated CCAT1 expression by stabilizing its RNA transcript. CCAT1 bond to PHLPP2, inducing its ubiquitination and activating AKT signaling. CCAT1 mediated the ubiquitination and degradation of PHLPP2 by TRIM46, thereby promoting TSCC growth and metastasis. CCAT1/TRIM46/PHLPP2 axis regulated proliferation and invasion of TSCC cells, implying that CCAT1 would be a novel therapeutic target for TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China.
- Department of Stomatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Hanlin Yang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiongwei Liu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yangbo Ning
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yiwei Wu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xinglan Yan
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huixi Zheng
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
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Hsieh MJ, Lin CC, Lo YS, Chuang YC, Ho HY, Chen MK. Semilicoisoflavone B induces oral cancer cell apoptosis by targeting claspin and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2417-2428. [PMID: 38197544 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing worldwide mainly due to poor oral hygiene and unrestricted lifestyle. Advanced-stage OSCC is associated with poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of only 30%-50%. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect and mode of action of Glycyrrhiza-derived semilicoisoflavone B (SFB) in 5-fluorourasil (5FU)-resistant human OSCC cell lines. The study findings revealed that SFB significantly reduces OSCC cell viability and colony formation ability by arresting cell cycle at the G2/M and S phases and reducing the expressions of key cell cycle regulators including cyclin A, cyclin B, CDC2, and CDK2. The compound caused a significant induction in the percentage of nuclear condensation and apoptotic cells in OSCC. Regarding pro-apoptotic mode of action, SFB was found to increase Fas-associated death domain and death receptor 5 expressions and reduce decoy receptor 2 expression, indicating involvement of extrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB was found to increase pro-apoptotic Bim expression and reduce anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expressions, indicating involvement of intrinsic pathway. Moreover, SFB-mediated induction in cleaved caspases 3, 8, and 9 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase confirmed the induction of caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. Regarding upstream signaling pathway, SFB was found to reduce extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) phosphorylation to execute its pro-apoptotic activity. The Human Apoptotic Array findings revealed that SFB suppresses claspin expression, which in turn caused reduced phosphorylation of ATR, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), Wee1, and CDC25C, indicating disruption of ATR-Chk1 signaling pathway by SFB. Taken together, these findings indicate that SFB acts as a potent anticancer compound against 5FU-resistant OSCC by modulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Mohideen K, Chandrasekaran K, M K, T J, Dhungel S, Ghosh S. Assessment of Antioxidant Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in Oral Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2024; 2024:2264251. [PMID: 38525070 PMCID: PMC10960654 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2264251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective The present article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, an antioxidant enzyme, in oral cancer. Method An extensive literature search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, and Cross Reference, spanning 1998-2023. At the outset, 1,177 articles were initially identified, and 907 studies were excluded due to irrelevance or duplication of the research question. Subsequently, 270 articles underwent screening evaluation, resulting in the selection of 85 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Following this, 68 articles underwent a full-text comprehensive assessment, and ultimately, 39 were chosen for data extraction. The risk of bias in the designated articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Finally, 13 studies were meticulously selected, offering consistent data for the ensuing meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was executed using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) version 3 software (Bio Stat Inc., Englewood, NJ, USA). The meta-analysis findings revealed a statistically significant decrease in SOD levels in both erythrocyte samples (P < 0.001) and tissue samples (P < 0.05) among individuals with oral cancer (OSCC) compared to the normal control group. Conversely, the analysis of three studies on salivary samples demonstrated a significant increase (P < 0.05) in SOD levels in the oral cancer group compared to the healthy controls. Conclusion This systematic review underscores a statistically significant decline in SOD levels observed across diverse bio-samples in individuals with oral cancer, indicating an excess of oxidative stress (OS). Additional research is needed to delve into the relationship between SOD levels and clinic-pathological prognostic markers within the oral cancer cohort. Such investigations have the potential to significantly contribute to the development of prognostic tools grounded in OS, thereby guiding strategies for treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Mohideen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | | | - Kareema M
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | - Jeyanthikumari T
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Muthusamy Salai, Chennai 600003, India
| | - Safal Dhungel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur 44200, Nepal
| | - Snehashish Ghosh
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur 44200, Nepal
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Nguyen TPA, Gautam S, Mahato S, Jensen OC, Haghighian-Roudsari A, Baygi F. Overview of oral health status and associated risk factors in maritime settings: An updated systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293118. [PMID: 37851694 PMCID: PMC10584167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to provide an updated overview of the oral health status and associated risk factors in maritime settings. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and SCOPUS from January 2010 to April 2023. Two independent reviewers extracted the data. The quality of included studies was assessed using relevant assessment tools. RESULTS A total of 260 records were found in the initial search; 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most studies had descriptive design, and only two randomized controlled trials were found. The main oral health issues noted are oral cancer, dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions, and dental emergency. Male seafarers have higher risk of oral cancers in the tongue, lips, and oral cavity while oral mucosal lesions are more prevalent among fishermen. CONCLUSIONS Dental caries and periodontal diseases are prevalent in both seafarers and fishermen. The consumption of tobacco, alcohol, fermentable carbohydrate, and poor oral hygiene are risk factors that affect the oral health status at sea. The occurrence of oral diseases in maritime setting requires more attention of researchers and authorities to develop strategies to tackle these issues. TRIAL REGISTRATION Systematic review registration number in PROSPERO: CRD42020168692.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan P. A. Nguyen
- DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | | | - Sweta Mahato
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Olaf Chresten Jensen
- Center of Maritime Health and Society, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Arezoo Haghighian-Roudsari
- Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Department of Community Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Baygi
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Thankappan S, Nedumpillil S, Thomas V. Clinicopathologic features and risk factors associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): A comprehensive descriptive study analyzing the burden of OSCC in a tertiary-level hospital in North Kerala, India. Indian J Cancer 2023; 60:534-541. [PMID: 38195487 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_203_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and India shows a high incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases. Kerala accounts for a sizeable number of these cases, most of which can be attributed to the deleterious habits prevalent in a vast majority of the population. A comprehensive descriptive-prospective study was done in our institution over 18 months to identify the possible risk factors, to describe the clinical and sociodemographic variables of OSCC, and to understand the burden of this dreaded disease in the North Kerala population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data collection was done using a structured pro forma. The data were tabulated and organized; uni- and bivariate analysis were performed along with cross-tabulations for various parameters and relevant variables. A total of 243 histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC during 18 months comprised the sample in this study. RESULTS Among the 243 cases, 220 patients had deleterious habits. Betel chewing was the most predominant habit. Buccal mucosa was the commonly affected site. Twenty-three patients had no history of any habits. Majority of the patients presented in stage 3 and 4 of the disease. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was the major histologic type. CONCLUSION The majority of the patients had clinical lesions corresponding to the habit usage, showing a low awareness of tobacco cessation and intervention programs and a high burden of OSCC in the North Kerala population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simi Thankappan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Sherin Nedumpillil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Valsa Thomas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
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7
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Mohideen K, Jeddy N, Krithika C, Faizee SH, Dhungel S, Ghosh S. Assessment of glutathione peroxidase enzyme response and total antioxidant status in oral cancer - Systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1842. [PMID: 37265029 PMCID: PMC10432471 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress induced by free radical accumulation contributes to many pathologies, including cancer. Antioxidant defense system fails to scavenge free radicals when it is excessively accumulated. Assessing individual antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity could direct the customized therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of total antioxidant status and enzyme glutathione peroxidase activity in the oral cancer group compared to the healthy control group. METHOD The literature search included databases PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane and Cross Reference between 1999 and 2021. The database search was completed in the month of August 2022. The extracted data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) version 3 software (Biostat Inc. Englewood, NJ). Based on search strategies, 1435 articles have been retrieved from the database. In the segregated articles, 1365 were excluded due to duplicated articles, animal studies, low-quality studies, articles unrelated to the research question, and with unmatched objectives. Based on inclusion criteria, 70 articles were selected for full-text valuation. However, 33 articles were found highly suitable for inclusion and data extraction. Finally, 11 articles were selected for meta-analysis. RESULTS The meta-analysis of four included studies of tissue samples showed a significantly (p < .001) increased GPx activity in the oral cancer group, when compared to the control group, whereas three included studies of erythrocyte samples displayed a significantly (p < .001) decreased GPx activity in the oral cancer group than the control group with the pooled standardized mean difference value of -2.766 moles/min/g Hb at 95% CI (-3.297 to -2.234). The meta-analysis of the included studies depicted an insignificant (p = .947) reduction of salivary TAS levels in the oral cancer group when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Our systematic review and meta-analysis depict antioxidant GPx enzyme activity in the regional tissue samples of the oral cancer group differs from other systemic biological fluid samples compared to the healthy control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Mohideen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and HospitalSathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiIndia
| | - Nadeem Jeddy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and HospitalDr. M.G.R. Educational and Research InstituteChennaiIndia
| | - C. Krithika
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiTamil NaduIndia
| | - Shahul Hameed Faizee
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sathyabama Dental College and HospitalSathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiIndia
| | - Safal Dhungel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryCollege of Medical SciencesBharatpurNepal
| | - Snehashish Ghosh
- Department of Oral PathologyCollege of Medical SciencesBharatpurNepal
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Kumari R, Karpe T, Gahlawat M, Singh SD, Kumar A, Kudagi V. A Long Term Follow-Up Study of the Reconstruction of the Oral Cavity at a Tertiary Care Center: An Original Research. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:S118-S121. [PMID: 37654406 PMCID: PMC10466641 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_433_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the subcontinent of India as well as for the other nations, the most usual cancer that affects the oral cavity the "squamous cell carcinoma". The main side effects of the intervention of the SCC are the large defect and disfigurement. This study sought to investigate the various interventions of the SCC in a designated cancer institute. Material and Methods A retrospective clinical study of the records was done between 2000-2020 years. The operated cases were analysed for various patient demographics as well as the site of the lesion and number distributions. The change in the techniques and the preference flaps over the periods was noted, and the values were compared for every 5 years. Results A1001 patients were treated between the intended periods. Though there were larger number of men, the variation was not significant. Common sites were floor of the mouth (FOM) and tongue. The common interventions were primary closure, soft tissue free flaps and bone flaps. The shift was seen towards the free flaps. Conclusion The Free flaps were the common applications in the constructions. Bone free flaps overtook the other procedures that were commonly applied. The quality of life and the aesthetics are seen to be better with the free flaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Kumari
- Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Tanveer Karpe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monika Gahlawat
- Department of OMFS, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sachin Dev Singh
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, India
| | | | - Vishal Kudagi
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Srinivasan V, Shyam N, Kumar GK, Narayen V, Konda P, Swetha Rani K. A Comparison of Podoplanin Expression in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e38467. [PMID: 37273383 PMCID: PMC10238285 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for about 90% to 95% of all malignancies of the oral cavity.The majority of OSCCs are preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Podoplanin (PDPN) is a mucin-like small transmembrane glycoprotein. Alterations in PDPN immunoexpression have been reported in OPMDs and OSCCs. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of PDPN immunoexpression in oral leukoplakia (OL) and different histological grades of OSCC and to assess the role of PDPN as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk of malignant transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY Immunohistochemical analysis for PDPN was performed in 45 histologically confirmed cases of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of different grades of OSCCs and 15 cases of OLs with 15 cases of the normal oral mucosa (NOM) as controls. The expression and distribution of this marker were analyzed in these lesions. RESULTS The immunoexpression of PDPN showed a significant increase in the expression of the percentage of positive cells, staining intensity, location of staining in the epithelium, tumor islands, and within the cells, as well as the mean lymphatic micro vessel density between NOMs, OLs, and different grades of OSCCs. CONCLUSION Upregulation of PDPN can be related to the malignant transformation of OLs and biological aggressiveness of OSCCs. The enhanced immunoexpression of PDPN signifies that this immunomarker can have a role in tumor cell differentiation and the neoplastic progression of OSCCs. Increased density of lymphatic vessels suggested an important role of lymphangiogenesis in tumor progression and also as a prognostic factor for lymph nodal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Srinivasan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Ndvn Shyam
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - G Kiran Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Vaishali Narayen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Paremala Konda
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Korra Swetha Rani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
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10
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Alshami ML, Al‐Maliky MA, Alsagban AA, Alshaeli AJ. Epidemiology and incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the Iraqi population over 5 years (2014-2018). Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1205. [PMID: 37064317 PMCID: PMC10090270 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common and life-threatening neoplasms worldwide, and is responsible for approximately 90% of all oral malignancies. Aim This study was aimed at providing updated information on oral squamous cell carcinoma in all Iraqi governorates for the 5-year period from 2014 to 2018, including the annual incidence and demographic variables. Materials and Methods The total number of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in Iraq, along with associated demographic information (age, sex, and site), for the 5-year period from 2014 to 2018 was obtained. The statistical analysis consisted of descriptive analysis, including frequency, percentage, and mean ± standard deviation. A χ 2 test was performed to compare frequencies between male and female patients, among age groups, and among different OSCC sites. The χ 2 test was also used to assess the association of each OSCC site with age and sex. The significance threshold was set at p < 0.05, and the confidence interval was set at 95%. The incidence rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma for each year was calculated by dividing the number of OSCC cases per year by the population of Iraq, then multiplying the result by 100,000. Results A total of 722 cases were recorded. Statistically, oral squamous cell carcinoma was found to be more prevalent in males and individuals over 40 years of age. The tongue was the most common site of occurrence. Lip squamous cell carcinoma cases were high in males. The incidence rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma was estimated to be 0.4 per 100,000 people. Conclusion Males and older people are at relatively higher risk of developing oral cancer. The tongue is the most affected site, but any site in the oral cavity may be involved. Further exploration of the causes of oral malignancy in Iraq is necessary to improve prevention strategies.
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Geng Q, Wang J, Zhang W, Zhou W, Tang G, Gu M. Oncostatin M receptor is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and connected to poor prognosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:136-144. [PMID: 36207791 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncostatin M receptor is an interleukin 6 receptor with great influence on inflammation and cancer progression. However, the function of oncostatin M receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma remains unknown. METHODS Oncostatin M receptor expression was explored with TIMER and TCGA databases. The mRNA and protein expressions of oncostatin M receptor were detected in oral tissues. The association between oncostatin M receptor expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed, and the prognostic value of oncostatin M receptor was determined. Immune statues of oncostatin M receptor were analyzed by TIMER and TISIDB. The underlying mechanisms of oncostatin M receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma was also explored preliminarily. RESULTS Oncostatin M receptor was dysregulated in many cancers. Both mRNA and protein levels of oncostatin M receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than that in normal oral tissues. Oncostatin M receptor expression was connected to differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, perineural invasion and vascular invasion. Oncostatin M receptor expression was an independent prognostic factor associated with overall survivals. Oncostatin M receptor expression was significantly related to CD8+ T cell and interleukin 6 receptor. High oncostatin M receptor expression was associated with focal adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Oncostatin M receptor was overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and related to overall survival. Oncostatin M receptor expression has potential to become an effective prognostic biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Geng
- The Fifth Outpatient Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Fifth Outpatient Department, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Genxiong Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Liang L, Li Y, Ying B, Huang X, Liao S, Yang J, Liao G. Mutation-associated transcripts reconstruct the prognostic features of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:1. [PMID: 36593250 PMCID: PMC9807648 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma is highly malignant and has a poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to combine whole-genome sequencing, whole-genome methylation, and whole-transcriptome analyses to understand the molecular mechanisms of tongue squamous cell carcinoma better. Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent normal tissues from five patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma were included as five paired samples. After multi-omics sequencing, differentially methylated intervals, methylated loop sites, methylated promoters, and transcripts were screened for variation in all paired samples. Correlations were analyzed to determine biological processes in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. We found five mutated methylation promoters that were significantly associated with mRNA and lncRNA expression levels. Functional annotation of these transcripts revealed their involvement in triggering the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, which is associated with cancer progression and the development of drug resistance during treatment. The prognostic signature models constructed based on WDR81 and HNRNPH1 and combined clinical phenotype-gene prognostic signature models showed high predictive efficacy and can be applied to predict patient prognostic risk in clinical settings. We identified biological processes in tongue squamous cell carcinoma that are initiated by mutations in the methylation promoter and are associated with the expression levels of specific mRNAs and lncRNAs. Collectively, changes in transcript levels affect the prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Liang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Huang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenling Liao
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajin Yang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ga Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Information Management, Department of Stomatology Informatics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Khalesi S, Abbasi A, Razavi SM. Evaluating the Clinicopathologic Parameters of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma based on its Local Distribution. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:71. [PMID: 37200763 PMCID: PMC10186057 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_197_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral lesions and the tongue is one of the most common areas involved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic feature of tongue SCCs based on its local distribution. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, clinical data such as age, gender, location, and clinical appearance were extracted from the archives of the Oral Pathology Department, Isfahan Dental School, registered with a definitive diagnosis of tongue SCC during 2005-2019. Then, 34 specimens were selected for histopathological evaluation in a simple random way. The histopathologic slides were examined to determine the grade of tumor malignancy. The data were entered into SPSS23 software and analyzed by Chi-square, Fisher exact, One-way ANOVA, and Non-parametric tests. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results Of the 275 OSCCs, 68 samples were tongue SCC. The mean age of patients was 61.7 ± 15 and 61.8% were women. The most common clinical manifestations were exophytic lesions (42.6%) and the most common site was the lateral border of the tongue (36.8%). The results did not show a significant relationship between the clinicopathologic feature including mean age (p = 0.766), gender (p = 0.338), clinical presentation (p = 0.434), grade of malignancy (p = 0.763) and location. But, among the histopathological parameters, the pattern of invasion (p = 0.047) was significantly associated with the local distribution. Conclusion Given that most OSCCs had moderate differentiation of malignancy, identification of clinical features is needed. Attention to the pattern of invasion and location on the tongue can be effective in determining the therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Khalesi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Abbasi
- School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Razavi
- Dental Materials Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Prof. Sayed Mohammad Razavi, Professor, Dental Implant Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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14
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Baba D, Matsuura K, Wakabayashi M, Morishita Y, Nishiya Y, Okano W, Tomioka T, Shinozaki T, Hayashi R. Comparison between three age-stratified cohorts reveals poor prognosis of young patients with tongue carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959749. [PMID: 36119483 PMCID: PMC9480824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Investigation of the prognosis of young patients with tongue carcinoma has been the focus of several recent studies aimed at improving future precision treatment. Most studies have been two-cohort investigations comparing young and older patients, who have wide discrepancies in prognosis. Older patients, especially those aged >70 years, often have a poor general condition. This affects the prognosis of the older cohort and accounts for the discrepancies observed in two-cohort studies. Accordingly, in this study, older patients (aged ≥71 years) were separated and compared to young and middle-aged patients. Methods A total of 257 patients with oral tongue carcinoma referred during 2011–2017 were analyzed. Patients were sorted into young (aged ≤40 years), middle-aged (aged ≥41 and ≤70 years), and older (aged ≥71 years) groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among the groups. Furthermore, patterns of recurrence rates were compared. Results Compared with young patients, there was no difference in OS or DFS for older patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5–2.7 and HR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.4–1.2, respectively) in a multivariate analysis. There was also no difference in OS (HR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–1.3) for middle-aged patients. However, middle-aged patients had low recurrence rates (HR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8). With respect to the recurrence type, middle-aged patients had a low local recurrence rate (HR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.7). Conclusion Three-cohort studies should be conducted to evaluate whether the prognosis of young patients with tongue carcinoma is truly poor in terms of future precision treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Baba
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Daisuke Baba,
| | - Kazuto Matsuura
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masashi Wakabayashi
- Department of Statistical Analysis, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yohei Morishita
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Nishiya
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Wataru Okano
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tomioka
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shinozaki
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Hayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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15
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Early-onset oral cancer as a clinical entity: aetiology and pathogenesis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 51:1497-1509. [PMID: 35487818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most important medical and socio-economic problems in many of the developed countries worldwide, due to the high mortality. The incidence of OSCC among individuals under 45 years of age is growing every year; however, the aetiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms are poorly understood. This review summarizes the available information regarding clinicopathological features, extrinsic and intrinsic aetiological factors, and the molecular and immune landscape of early-onset OSCC. This cancer shows high recurrence rates and is not associated with the aetiological factors specific to adult-onset OSCC. Young adults with OSCC are not infected with human papillomavirus and rarely consume alcohol or tobacco, but more frequently use smokeless tobacco. Data from single studies indicate the hereditary nature of early-onset OSCC: the KIR2DL1+-HLA-C2+ genotype and MMP-1 2 G allele are frequently detected in young patients. Early-onset OSCC shows specific genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic changes. The tumour microenvironment in early-onset OSCC is tolerogenic rather than immunogenic. All of the data suggest that OSCC in young patients is a separate clinical entity with a specific aetiology and pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to reveal the causes and molecular targets of early-onset OSCC for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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16
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Oral Cavity Reconstruction over a 30-Year Period at a Dedicated Tertiary Head and Neck Cancer Centre. Indian J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-022-03336-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere are around 2,500 new cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) reported yearly within Australia. Resection often leads to substantial defects, requiring complex reconstruction. The aim of this study was to examine how reconstruction at a dedicated head and neck cancer unit has evolved over a 30-year period. A retrospective review was conducted of all OSCC carcinoma cases performed from 1988 to 2017. Data was analysed in six-time periods; pre-1995, 1995–1999, 2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015 and above. A total of 903 patients were identified, of which 56.1% (n = 507) underwent free flap reconstruction including 426 (84.0%) soft tissue free flaps (STFF) and 81 (16.0%) bony free flaps (BFF). STFF usage remained stable over time. The radial forearm was the most common free flap but declined over time with increasing use of the anterolateral thigh flap. The number of BFF increased from 5.0% before 1995 to 20.4% in 1995–2015. The tongue was the most common subsite, followed by the floor of mouth. Free flaps were utilised in more than 50% of OSCC reconstructions at each time period. Over time, the proportion of different STFF evolved towards increased use of the ALT flap and BFF within our institution. Level of evidence: Level four.
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17
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Scuderi SA, Casili G, Filippone A, Lanza M, Basilotta R, Giuffrida R, Munaò S, Colarossi L, Capra AP, Esposito E, Paterniti I. Beneficial effect of KYP-2047, a propyl-oligopeptidase inhibitor, on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2459-2473. [PMID: 34917264 PMCID: PMC8664393 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell-carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer which arises from the alveolar ridge, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Among OSCC, the incidence of tongue squamous cell-carcinoma (TSCC) is growing all over the world. Oral carcinogenesis has been linked to genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations and viral factors. Apoptosis and angiogenesis play a key role in the development of oral cancer. Therefore, it is very important discover new therapeutic strategies to counteract oral cancer progression. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KYP-2047 in an in vitro model of TSCC and in vivo CAL27-xenograft model. Our results demonstrated that KYP-2047 was able to reduce TSCCs cell viability at the concentrations of 50 μM and 100 μM. Additionally, KYP-2047 was able to increase Bax, Bad and caspase-3 expression, whereas Bcl-2 and p53 expression were reduced. Moreover, KYP-2047 significantly reduced vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) and endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase (eNOS) expression. In the vivo xenograft model, KYP-2047 at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg significantly reduced tumor burden and tumor weight, decreasing also angiogenesis markers VEGF and eNOS. Moreover, KYP-2047 increased Bax and reduced Bcl2 expressions. Thus, KYP-2047 could represent a potential therapeutic treatment to counteract tongue oral-cancer growth, thanks its abilities to modulate angiogenesis and apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alessia Filippone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Rossella Basilotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Munaò
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande 95029, CT, Italy
| | | | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’ Alcontres, Messina 31-98166, ME, Italy
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Mohideen K, Krithika C, Jeddy N, Balakrishnan T, Bharathi R, Sankari SL. A Meta-analysis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Adults with a Comparison to the Older Group Patients (2014-2019). Contemp Clin Dent 2021; 12:213-221. [PMID: 34759676 PMCID: PMC8525813 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_466_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) often affects elderly aged adults, who had long-term tobacco exposure. In the recent past decade, there is an increasing incidence of OSCC in younger individuals, who had less tobacco association. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the risk factors and to assess and compare the clinicopathological features and prognosis of OSCC in young patients with the older group patients. Materials and Methods: We included studies that addressed the OSCC involving young patients during the period between 2014 and 2019. Initially, we found 679 articles; after refined evaluation, 92 works had their titles matching to the present work. After extraction of case reports, reviews, and studies with un-matched objectives or inadequate data, we have chosen only 24 presentations matching to the abstract. The statistical analysis performed by Chi-square tests using SPSS 20.0 version for windows. Results: Of the total OSCC, 10% of patients belonged to the younger age group, and 90% were the older aged group. Both the groups showed male gender predominance and tongue as the predominant site of involvement. The younger patients tend to have significantly reduced tobacco exposure. The highly reported tumors were advanced staged and moderately differentiated tumors in both groups. There was a statistically evident high recurrence reported in the younger group. The overall survival seems to be similar for both groups. Conclusion: The identification of the potential risk factors, along with unique molecular mechanisms, and biological behavior of the disease is mandatory to control the incidence of OSCC in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah Mohideen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Krithika
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nadeem Jeddy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thayumanavan Balakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Bharathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, The Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Leena Sankari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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19
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Lee DS, Ramirez RJ, Lee JJ, Valenzuela CV, Zevallos JP, Mazul AL, Puram SV, Doering MM, Pipkorn P, Jackson RS. Survival of Young Versus Old Patients With Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:1310-1319. [PMID: 33264444 PMCID: PMC8106620 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS To assess whether young patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) demonstrate worse oncologic outcomes than older patients after definitive therapy. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A medical librarian composed a search strategy to identify relevant studies in Medline, Embase, Scopus, and other major databases (Prospero registration number CRD42019127974). Inclusion criteria were adults with histologically diagnosed OCSCC that underwent treatment, comparator groups with an age cutoff of 40 years old, and reported survival outcomes. Articles were excluded if they contained patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma or patients treated for palliative intent. Overall survival hazard ratios were analyzed with a meta-analysis. RESULTS There were 23,382 patients with OCSCC that were treated with definitive therapy from 22 included studies. The pooled cohort contained 2,238 (10%) patients ≤40 years of age. Oral tongue was the most common subsite in both the younger (n = 1,961, 91%) and older (n = 18,047, 88%) cohorts. The majority of OCSCCs were either T1 or T2, representing 859 (80%) malignancies in younger patients and 8,126 (77%) malignancies in older patients. A meta-analysis of nine studies demonstrated that younger patients did not experience worse survival outcomes than older patients (hazard ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.66-1.41). CONCLUSIONS Young adults with OCSCC experienced similar oncologic outcomes as older patients with OCSCC after definitive treatment. Until compelling evidence demonstrates clinically relevant differences between these two cohorts, their approach to management should be similar. Future studies should consider comorbidities and using age 40 as a standard age cutoff to provide more uniform data moving forward. Laryngoscope, 131:1310-1319, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ricardo J. Ramirez
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jake J. Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carla V. Valenzuela
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jose P. Zevallos
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Angela L. Mazul
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sidharth V. Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michelle M. Doering
- Bernard Becker Medical Library, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrik Pipkorn
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ryan S. Jackson
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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20
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Ansarin M, De Berardinis R, Corso F, Giugliano G, Bruschini R, De Benedetto L, Zorzi S, Maffini F, Sovardi F, Pigni C, Scaglione D, Alterio D, Cossu Rocca M, Chiocca S, Gandini S, Tagliabue M. Survival Outcomes in Oral Tongue Cancer: A Mono-Institutional Experience Focusing on Age. Front Oncol 2021; 11:616653. [PMID: 33912446 PMCID: PMC8075362 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The prognostic role of age among patients affected by Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OTSCC) is a topic of debate. Recent cohort studies have found that patients diagnosed at 40 years of age or younger have a better prognosis. The aim of this cohort study was to clarify whether age is an independent prognostic factor and discuss heterogeneity of outcomes by stage and treatments in different age groups. Methods We performed a study on 577 consecutive patients affected by primary tongue cancer and treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy according to stage, at European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS. Patients with age at diagnosis below 40 years totaled 109 (19%). Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), tongue specific free survival (TSFS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) were compared by age groups. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the independent role of age. Results The median follow-up time was 5.01 years (range 0–18.68) years with follow-up recorded up to February 2020. After adjustment for all the significant confounding and prognostic factors, age remained independently associated with OS and DSF (respectively, p = 0.002 and p = 0.02). In CSS and TSFS curves, the role of age seems less evident (respectively, p = 0.14 and p = 0.0.37). In the advanced stage sub-group (stages III–IV), age was significantly associated with OS and CSS with almost double increased risk of dying (OS) and dying from tongue cancer (CSS) in elderly compared to younger groups (OS: HR = 2.16 95%, CI: 1.33–3.51, p= 0.001; CSS: HR = 1.76 95%, CI: 1.03–3.01, p = 0.02, respectively). In our study, young patients were more likely to be treated with intensified therapies (glossectomies types III–V and adjuvant radio-chemotherapy). Age was found as a prognostic factor, independently of other significant factors and treatment. Also the T–N tract involved by disease and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥3 were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Young age at diagnosis is associated with a better overall survival. Fewer younger people than older people died from tongue cancer in advanced stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohssen Ansarin
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita De Berardinis
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Corso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Mathematics, DMAT, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Center for Analysis Decisions and Society, CADS, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Giugliano
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Bruschini
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi De Benedetto
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Zorzi
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fausto Maffini
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Sovardi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Policlinico San Matteo, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carolina Pigni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano, Italy
| | - Donatella Scaglione
- Division of Data Manager, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Alterio
- Division of Radiotherapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cossu Rocca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Urogenital and Head and Neck Tumors Medical Treatment, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Tagliabue
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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21
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Wang SR, Sun W, Zhou N, Zhao K, Li WJ, Chi ZP, Wang Y, Wang QM, Tong L, He ZX, Han HY, Chen ZG. Effects of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:64-73. [PMID: 33723939 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the effects of silencing isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransfe-rase (Icmt) through small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference on the proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). METHODS Three siRNA were designed and constructed for the Icmt gene sequence and were then transfected into TSCC cells CAL-27 and SCC-4 to silence Icmt expression. The tested cells were divided as follows: RNA interference groups Icmt-siRNA-1, Icmt-siRNA-2, and Icmt-siRNA-3, negative control group, and blank control group. The transfection efficiency of siRNA was detected by the fluorescent group Cy3-labeled siRNA, and the expression of Icmt mRNA was screened by quantitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) selected the experimental group for subsequent experiments. The expression of Icmt, RhoA, Cyclin D1, p21, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), and phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK) were analyzed by Western blot. The proliferation abilities of TSCC cells were determined by cell counting kit-8 assay. The change in apoptosis was detected by AnnexinV-APC/propidium staining (PI) assay. Cell-cycle analysis was conducted by flow cytometry. RESULTS The expression of Icmt mRNA and protein in TSCC cells significantly decreased after Icmt-siRNA transfection (P<0.05). No significant difference in RhoA mRNA and protein expression was detected (P>0.05), but the expression of RhoA membrane protein decreased compared with the negative control group and blank control groups (P<0.05). Cyclin D1 expression decreased, whereas p21 expression significantly increased and the relative expression of ERK protein in the experimental group did not significantly different that in the control group (P>0.05). However, the phosphorylation level of ERK was significantly reduced (P<0.05). The cell cycles of TSCC CAL-27 and SCC-4 were altered in G1/S, cell proliferation activity was inhibited, and apoptosis was induced (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Silencing Icmt can effectively downregulate its expression in TSCC cells, reduce the RhoA membrane targeting localization and cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis. Thus, Icmt may be a potential gene therapy target for TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Wang
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261021, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wen-Jian Li
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zeng-Peng Chi
- College of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Dept. of Stomatology, Fourth People,s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Qi-Min Wang
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zong-Xuan He
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillafacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266005, China
| | - Hong-Yu Han
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Chen
- Dept. of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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22
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Buenahora MR, Lafaurie GI, Perdomo SJ. Identification of HPV16-p16 INK4a mediated methylation in oral potentially malignant disorder. Epigenetics 2020; 16:1016-1030. [PMID: 33164635 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1834923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the possible involvement of epigenetic modulation by HPV16-p16INK4a in oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). We generated DNA-methylation profiles, according to p16INK4a expression and HPV16 genotype (positive or negative), of OPMD samples and p16INK4a-HPV16 negative samples (used as control), using reduced-representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS-Seq- Illumina) technology. Twelve samples, four for each group, as follows: 1) p16INK4a+ HPV16+; 2) p16INK4a+ HPV16-; 3) p16INK4a- HPV16-, were analysed in triplicate for DNA-methylation profiles. Fifty-four per cent of DMRs were hypermethylated and 46% were hypomethylated. An increase in methylation of loci in OPMD was independent of the presence of HPV. The hypermethylated genes in HPV+ samples were associated with signalling pathways such as NICD traffics to nucleus, signalling by NOTCH1 (p = 0.008), Interferon-gamma (p = 0.008) and Interleukin-6 signalling (p = 0.027). The hypomethylated genes in HPV infection were associated with TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway (p = 0.002), RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways (p = 0.005), TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation (p = 0.009), TRIF-mediated TLR3/TLR4 signalling (p = 0.011) and MyD88-independent cascade release of apoptotic factors (p = 0.011). Protein association analysis of DMRs in OPMD revealed 19 genes involved in the cell cycle regulation, immune system, and focal adhesion. Aberrantly methylated loci in OPMD were observed in p16INK4a positive samples which suggests that a shift in global methylation status may be important for cancer progression. The results suggest that HPV infection in OPMD induces modulation of genes related to the immune system and regulation of the cellular cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa Buenahora
- Unit of Oral Clinical Epidemiology, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation, School of Dentistry, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sandra J Perdomo
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
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23
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Colonia-García A, Gutiérrez-Vélez M, Duque-Duque A, de Andrade CR. Possible association of periodontal disease with oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2020; 78:553-559. [PMID: 32552160 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1774076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis has been associated with several systemic diseases and medical conditions, including oral cancer (OC). However, most studies reporting an association between OC and periodontal disease have used different clinical and radiographic criteria to define periodontal disease. This review aimed to evaluate the currently available evidence to determine an association between periodontal disease (extension and severity), OC, and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).Material and methods: A systematic search of studies published up to August 2018 was performed following the PRISMA guidelines in the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed) and COCHRANE (OVID). A methodological evaluation was made using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.Results: Eight studies (case-control, cross-sectional and cohort) were included. An increased clinical attachment loss, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and radiographic bone loss was found in patients with OC and OPMDs. Differences in the methodological characteristics, case definition used for periodontal diseases, and OC location did not allow estimating the odds ratio required to conduct a meta-analysis.Conclusion: Some studies suggest a positive relationship between periodontal disease, OC, and OPMDs; however, the currently available evidence is insufficient to draw solid conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrés Duque-Duque
- Basic and Clinical Dentistry Group, School of Dentistry, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Cleverton Roberto de Andrade
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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24
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Kurakula M, Naveen NR. In Situ Gel Loaded with Chitosan-Coated Simvastatin Nanoparticles: Promising Delivery for Effective Anti-Proliferative Activity against Tongue Carcinoma. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18040201. [PMID: 32283782 PMCID: PMC7231276 DOI: 10.3390/md18040201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop optimized chitosan-coated Simvastatin (SIM) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded in an in situ gel (ISG) formulation via a face-centered central composite design (FCCCD). Coated SIM-NPs were doped with Quercetin (QRC) using a modified nanoprecipitation method. The concentrations of poloxamer 188 (A) and chitosan (B) at five different levels, plus/minus alpha (+1.414 and −1.414: axial points), plus/minus 1 (factorial points) and the center point were optimized for particle size (PS-Y1), entrapment efficacy (EE-Y2) and stability index (SI-Y3). Based on the desirability approach, a formulation containing poloxamer 188 0.24% and chitosan 0.43% renders the prerequisites of optimum formulation for preparing SIM–QRC NP-loaded ISG. Scanning microscopy showed spherical SIM-NPs, indicating monodispersity in the range of 0.50 ± 0.04 nm with a charge of +32.42 mV. The optimized formulation indicated the highest EE 79.67% and better stability at 4 °C. Drug release from SIM–QRC NP-loaded ISG was slower to plateau by up to 96 h and, at the end of 168 h, only 65.12% of SIM was released in a more controlled manner in comparison to SIM–QRC NPs and plain SIM. ISG formulation showed a considerable increase in apoptosis occurrence through caspase-3 mediation and it also enhanced the tumor suppressor protein levels. Enhanced biological activity of SIM was observed due to QRC enabling promising drug and polymer synergistic interaction. The proposed formulation can provide a breakthrough in localized therapy, overcoming the potential drawbacks of systemic chemotherapy for tongue carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallesh Kurakula
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - N. Raghavendra Naveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Annamacharya College of Pharmacy, New Boyanapalli, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh 516126, India;
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25
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Li M, Bai YT, Han K, Li XD, Meng J. Knockdown of ectodysplasin-A receptor-associated adaptor protein exerts a tumor-suppressive effect in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3337-3347. [PMID: 32266031 PMCID: PMC7132229 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a common malignancy in oral cancer with a high mortality and morbidity. The ectodysplasin-A receptor-associated adaptor protein (EDARADD) is a death domain-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the TNF family ligand ectodysplasin A receptor. It is known that EDARADD has an effect on the development of ectodermal derivative tissues, such as hair and teeth. EDARADD expression is also associated with the development of melanoma. However, the role of EDARADD in TSCC remains unknown. The aim of the present investigation was to explore whether EDARADD plays a role in the biological function of TSCC. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of EDARADD in TSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissue. EDARADD was knocked down in a TSCC cell line in vitro using a specific lentivirus. The expression level of the EDARADD gene and the efficacy of gene knockdown were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, while EDARADD protein expression and the expression levels of Bcl-2, MYC and NF-κBp65 were determined by western blotting. Additionally, MTT assays, colony formation assays and apoptosis assays were carried out to examine the effect of EDARADD knockdown on the TSCC cells. A previous study showed that the majority of the TSCC tissues that were tested had high EDARADD expression. The expression of EDARADD both at mRNA and protein levels was significantly lower (P<0.01) after the gene was knocked down in the CAL27 cells compared with the level in control cells. Downregulation of EDARADD expression inhibited colony formation and proliferation and induced apoptosis of CAL27 cells when compared to control cells (P<0.01). Taken together, these results suggested that EDARADD may be actively involved in the progression of TSCC and that EDARADD may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Bai
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Han
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Meng
- Department of Stomatology, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
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