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Patridge E, Gorakshakar A, Molusky MM, Ogundijo O, Janevski A, Julian C, Hu L, Vuyisich M, Banavar G. Microbial functional pathways based on metatranscriptomic profiling enable effective saliva-based health assessments for precision wellness. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:834-842. [PMID: 38328005 PMCID: PMC10847690 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that an important step towards improving overall health is to accurately measure biomarkers of health from the molecular activities prevalent in the oral cavity. We present a general methodology for computationally quantifying the activity of microbial functional pathways using metatranscriptomic data. We describe their implementation as a collection of eight oral pathway scores using a large salivary sample dataset (n = 9350), and we evaluate score associations with oropharyngeal disease phenotypes within an unseen independent cohort (n = 14,129). Through this validation, we show that the relevant oral pathway scores are significantly worse in individuals with periodontal disease, acid reflux, and nicotine addiction, compared with controls. Given these associations, we make the case to use these oral pathway scores to provide molecular health insights from simple, non-invasive saliva samples, and as molecular endpoints for actionable interventions to address the associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Patridge
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | - Anmol Gorakshakar
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | | | - Oyetunji Ogundijo
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | - Angel Janevski
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | - Cristina Julian
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | - Lan Hu
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
| | | | - Guruduth Banavar
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc., New York City, USA
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Sanjar F, Silliman DT, Johnson IJ, Htut Z, Peacock TJ, Thompson SF, Dion GR, Nahid MA, Decker JF, Leung KP. Identification of temporal shifts of oral bacteria in bone regeneration following mandibular bone defect injury and therapeutic surgery in a porcine model. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024; 39:381-392. [PMID: 38511906 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considered the second largest and most diverse microbiome after the gut, the human oral ecosystem is complex with diverse and niche-specific microorganisms. Although evidence is growing for the importance of oral microbiome in supporting a healthy immune system and preventing local and systemic infections, the influence of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma and routine reconstructive surgical treatments on community structure and function of oral resident microbes remains unknown. CMF injuries affect a large number of people, needing extensive rehabilitation with lasting morbidity and loss of human productivity. Treatment efficacy can be complicated by the overgrowth of opportunistic commensals or multidrug-resistant pathogens in the oral ecosystem due to weakened host immune function and reduced colonization resistance in a dysbiotic oral microbiome. AIMS To understand the dynamics of microbiota's community structure during CMF injury and subsequent treatments, we induced supra-alveolar mandibular defect in Hanford miniature swine (n = 3) and compared therapeutic approaches of immediate mandibullar reconstructive (IMR) versus delayed mandibullar reconstructive (DMR) surgeries. METHODS Using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene marker sequencing, the composition and abundance of the bacterial community of the uninjured maxilla (control) and the injured left mandibula (lingual and buccal) treated by DMR were surveyed up to 70-day post-wounding. For the injured right mandibula receiving IMR treatment, the microbial composition and abundance were surveyed up to 14-day post-wounding. Moreover, we measured sera level of biochemical markers (e.g., osteocalcin) associated with bone regeneration and healing. Computed tomography was used to measure and compare mandibular bone characteristics such as trabecular thickness between sites receiving DMR and IMR therapeutic approaches until day 140, the end of study period. RESULTS Independent of IMR versus DMR therapy, we observed similar dysbiosis and shifts of the mucosal bacteria residents after CMF injury and/or following treatment. There was an enrichment of Fusobacterium, Porphyromonadaceae, and Bacteroidales accompanied by a decline in Pasteurellaceae, Moraxella, and Neisseria relative abundance in days allotted for healing. We also observed a decline in species richness and abundance driven by reduction in temporal instability and inter-animal heterogeneity on days 0 and 56, with day 0 corresponding to injury in DMR group and day 56 corresponding to delayed treatment for DMR or injury and immediate treatment for the IMR group. Analysis of bone healing features showed comparable bone-healing profiles for IMR vs. DMR therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sanjar
- Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - David T Silliman
- Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ian J Johnson
- Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zayer Htut
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Trent J Peacock
- Office of Research Compliance, Mississippi State University, Meridian, Mississippi, USA
| | - Samira F Thompson
- Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood Dental Activities-AEGD, Fort Hood, Texas, USA
| | - Gregory R Dion
- Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Md A Nahid
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John F Decker
- Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Fort Hood Dental Activities-AEGD, Fort Hood, Texas, USA
| | - Kai P Leung
- Combat Wound Care Group, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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de Lima PMN, Pereira TC, de Carvalho LS, dos Santos LF, Oliveira CER, Ramos LDP, Marcucci MC, Abu Hasna A, de Oliveira LD. Antimicrobial and synergistic effects of lemongrass and geranium essential oils against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida spp. World J Crit Care Med 2024; 13:92531. [DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v13.i3.92531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral cavity harbors more than 700 species of bacteria, which play crucial roles in the development of various oral diseases including caries, endodontic infection, periodontal infection, and diverse oral diseases.
AIM To investigate the antimicrobial action of Cymbopogon Schoenanthus and Pelargonium graveolens essential oils against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Ca. dubliniensis, and Ca. krusei.
METHODS Minimum microbicidal concentration was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute documents. The synergistic antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Broth microdilution checkerboard method, and the antibiofilm activity was evaluated with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post-hoc test (P ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS C. schoenanthus and P. graveolens essential oils were as effective as 0.12% chlorhexidine against S. mutans and St. aureus monotypic biofilms after 24 h. After 24 h P. graveolens essential oil at 0.25% was more effective than the nystatin group, and C. schoenanthus essential oil at 0.25% was as effective as the nystatin group.
CONCLUSION C. schoenanthus and P. graveolens essential oils are effective against S. mutans, St. aureus, Ca. albicans, Ca. dubliniensis, and Ca. krusei at different concentrations after 5 min and 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Michelle Nagai de Lima
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cristine Pereira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | - Lara Steffany de Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ferreira dos Santos
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas de Paula Ramos
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Marcucci
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
| | - Amjad Abu Hasna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos 12245000, SP, Brazil
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Gupta A, Saleena LM, Kannan P, Shivachandran A. The impact of oral diseases on respiratory health and the influence of respiratory infections on the oral microbiome. J Dent 2024; 148:105213. [PMID: 38936454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to examine the relationship between oral diseases and respiratory health, investigating how oral microbiome disruptions contribute to respiratory tract infections. Additionally, it aims to explore the impact of respiratory disease symptoms and treatments on the oral microbiome. DATA SOURCES The literature utilized in this review was sourced from studies focusing on the correlation between oral health and respiratory infections, spanning a period of 40 years. Various databases and scholarly sources were likely consulted to gather relevant research articles, reviews, and clinical studies. STUDY SELECTION This review summarizes four decades-long research, providing insights into the intricate relationship between oral and respiratory health. It delves into how oral diseases influence respiratory tract conditions and vice versa. The selection process likely involved identifying studies that addressed the interaction between oral microbiome disruptions and respiratory complications. CONCLUSION Oral diseases or poor oral habits have been known to increase the risk of getting respiratory infections. Modern techniques have demonstrated the relationship between oral disease and respiratory tract infections like influenza, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, asthma, and Pneumonia. Apart from that, the medications used to treat respiratory diseases affect oral physiological factors like the pH of saliva, and saliva flow rate, which can cause significant changes in the oral microbiome. This review provides regular oral hygiene and care that can prevent respiratory health and respiratory infections. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the intricate relationship between oral health and respiratory infections is crucial for healthcare providers. Implementing preventive measures and promoting good oral hygiene habits can reduce respiratory tract infections and improve overall respiratory health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Lilly M Saleena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
| | - Priya Kannan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - A Shivachandran
- Department of Oral Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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Anitua E, Murias-Freijo A, Tierno R, Tejero R, Alkhraisat MH. Assessing peri-implant bacterial community structure: the effect of microbiome sample collection method. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1001. [PMID: 39187802 PMCID: PMC11348724 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral microbiota comprises polymicrobial communities shaped by mutualistic coevolution with the host, contributing to homeostasis and regulating immune function. Nevertheless, dysbiosis of oral bacterial communities is associated with a number of clinical symptoms that ranges from infections to oral cancer. Peri-implant diseases are biofilm-associated inflammatory conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Characterization and identification of the biofilm community are essential for the understanding of the pathophysiology of such diseases. For that sampling methods should be representative of the biofilm communities Therefore, there is a need to know the effect of different sampling strategies on the biofilm characterization by next generation sequencing. METHODS With the aim of selecting an appropriate microbiome sampling procedure for periimplant biofilms, next generation sequencing was used for characterizing the bacterial communities obtained by three different sampling strategies two months after transepithelial abutment placement: adjacent periodontal crevicular fluid (ToCF), crevicular fluid from transepithelial abutment (TACF) and transepithelial abutment (TA). RESULTS Significant differences in multiple alpha diversity indices were detected at both the OTU and the genus level between different sampling procedures. Differentially abundant taxa were detected between sample collection strategies, including peri-implant health and disease related taxa. At the community level significant differences were also detected between TACF and TA and also between TA and ToCF. Moreover, differential network properties and association patterns were identified. CONCLUSIONS The selection of sample collection strategy can significantly affect the community composition and structure. TRIAL REGISTRATION This research is part of a randomized clinical trial that was designed to assess the effect of transepithelial abutment surface on the biofilm formation. The trial was registered at Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT03554876.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain.
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain.
| | - Alia Murias-Freijo
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
- Biomedical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Roberto Tierno
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
| | - Ricardo Tejero
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
| | - Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Jacinto Quincoces, 39, Vitoria (Álava), 01007, Spain
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Kuriki N, Asahi Y, Okamoto M, Noiri Y, Ebisu S, Machi H, Suzuki M, Hayashi M. Synergistic effects of arginine and fluoride on human dental biofilm control. J Dent 2024; 149:105307. [PMID: 39178800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to quantitatively and comprehensively investigate the combined effects of arginine and fluoride on the suppression of pathogenicity using an in situ biofilm model and next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS Using the in situ model, dental biofilms were formed and the viable bacterial counts and arginine activity in the arginine- and fluoride-containing dentifrice and control groups were measured. We also compared their effects on the bacterial microbiota and predictive functional factors in the control, arginine (arg), and arginine + fluoride (argF) groups using NGS analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control treatment, the use of 8 % arginine and 1450 ppm fluoride toothpaste resulted in significantly high oral NH4+ concentrations without affecting the number of viable bacteria (P < 0.05). NGS analysis revealed that the oral microbiota of the control, arg, and argF groups were significantly different. Heat map analysis of the predicted functional factors revealed that the arg group had different properties from the other groups and activated specific substrate metabolic pathways; contrastingly, argF treatment inhibited the activity of these pathways and prevented an increase in the abundance of bacterial genera that utilize substrates such as sucrose, suggesting the synergistic effect of arginine and fluoride. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the combination of arginine and fluoride has a synergistic effect on the bacterial microbiota and pathogenicity of dental biofilms compared with arginine alone. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that the combination of arginine and fluoride could be used as an effective prebiotic and may inhibit the growth of bacteria associated with dental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Kuriki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan; Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| | - Yoko Asahi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoki Okamoto
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Yuichiro Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Ebisu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Machi
- Osaka University Dental Technology Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maiko Suzuki
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Ibarlucea-Jerez M, Monnoye M, Chambon C, Gérard P, Licandro H, Neyraud E. Fermented food consumption modulates the oral microbiota. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:55. [PMID: 39174559 PMCID: PMC11341675 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented food consumption is recommended for health and environmental purposes. While it is known to impact gut microbiota, further investigation is needed to establish connections with the oral microbiota. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of daily consumption of a model cheese containing 3 Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) species on the oral microbiota of rats following a 3-week diet. Cheese consumption transiently modifies the oral microbiota and leads to a transient persistence of LAB in the oral cavity of 1/3 of the animals. The origin of this variability was partly explained by an overrepresentation of salivary proteins involved in the response to oxidative stress in animals without LAB persistence. These findings highlight the significance of fermented foods in shaping the diversity of the oral microbiota. Additionally, they suggest that variations in the salivary proteome among individuals may influence the permissiveness of the oral microbiota towards exogenous microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ibarlucea-Jerez
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- UMR A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Institut Agro Dijon, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - M Monnoye
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - C Chambon
- Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme Composante Protéomique (PFEMcp), INRAE, Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
- UR0370 Qualité des Produits Animaux (QuaPA), INRAE, Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - P Gérard
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Univ. Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - H Licandro
- UMR A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Institut Agro Dijon, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - E Neyraud
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
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Hu W, Chen S, Zou X, Chen Y, Luo J, Zhong P, Ma D. Oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases in the era of homeostatic medicine. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00362-X. [PMID: 39159722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeostasis is a state of self-regulation and dynamic equilibrium, maintaining the good physiological functions of each system in living organisms. In the oral cavity, the interaction between the host and the oral microbiome forms oral microbial homeostasis. Physiological bone remodeling and renewal can occur under the maintenance of oral microbial homeostasis. The imbalance of bone homeostasis is a key mechanism leading to the occurrence of systemic bone-related diseases. Considering the importance of oral microbial homeostasis in the maintenance of bone homeostasis, it still lacks a complete understanding of the relationship between oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases. AIM OF REVIEW This review focuses on the homeostatic changes, pathogenic routes and potential mechanisms in the oral microbiome in periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteomyelitis. Additionally, this review discusses oral microbiome-based diagnostic approaches and explores probiotics, mesenchymal stem cells, and oral microbiome transplantation as promising treatment strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the association between oral microbial homeostasis imbalance and systemic bone-related diseases, and highlights the possibility of remodeling oral microbial homeostasis for the prevention and treatment of systemic bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Shuoling Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Xianghui Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Jiayu Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Peiliang Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China.
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Margutti P, D'Ambrosio A, Zamboni S. Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicle as Emerging Actors in Host Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8722. [PMID: 39201409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is an intricate micro-ecosystem comprising a diverse range of dynamic microbial populations mainly consisting of bacteria, whose interactions with hosts strongly affect several physiological and pathological processes. The gut microbiota is being increasingly recognized as a critical player in maintaining homeostasis, contributing to the main functions of the intestine and distal organs such as the brain. However, gut dysbiosis, characterized by composition and function alterations of microbiota with intestinal barrier dysfunction has been linked to the development and progression of several pathologies, including intestinal inflammatory diseases, systemic autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatic arthritis, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, oral microbiota research has gained significant interest in recent years due to its potential impact on overall health. Emerging evidence on the role of microbiota-host interactions in health and disease has triggered a marked interest on the functional role of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) as mediators of inter-kingdom communication. Accumulating evidence reveals that BEVs mediate host interactions by transporting and delivering into host cells effector molecules that modulate host signaling pathways and cell processes, influencing health and disease. This review discusses the critical role of BEVs from the gut, lung, skin and oral cavity in the epithelium, immune system, and CNS interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Margutti
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Al-Sarraj F, Albiheyri R, Qari M, Alotaibi M, Al-Zahrani M, Anwar Y, Alghamdi MA, Nass NM, Bouback T, Alotibi I, Radhwi O, Sajer BH, Redhwan A, Al-Matary MA, Almanzalawi EA, Elshafie HS. Genetic Patterns of Oral Cavity Microbiome in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8570. [PMID: 39201258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Middle Eastern prevalence of sickle cell anemia, a genetic disorder that affects red blood cells, necessitates additional research. On a molecular level, we sought to identify and sort the oral microbiota of healthy individuals and those with sickle cell anemia. Furthermore, it is crucial to comprehend how changes in the genetic makeup of the oral microbiota impact the state of sickle cell anemia. Using next-generation sequencing, the 16S rRNA amplicon was examined using saliva samples from 36 individuals with sickle cell anemia and healthy individuals. These samples were obtained from sickle cell anemia patients (18 samples) and healthy control participants (controls, 18 samples). Various analyses are conducted using bioinformatic techniques to identify distinct species and their relative abundance. Streptococcus, followed by Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella, and Veillonella were the most prevalent genera of bacteria in the saliva of the SCA and non-SCA individuals according to our findings. Rothia mucilaginosa, Prevotella scoposa, and Veillonella dispar species were the dominant species in both sickle cell anemia and non-sickle cell anemia subjects. Streptococcus salivarius, Actinomyces graevenitzii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, and Actinomyces georgiae spp. were the most prevalent bacterial spp. in the studied SCA cases. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene yielded relative abundance values that were visualized through a heatmap analysis. Alterations in the oral microflora's constitution can significantly affect the susceptibility of sickle cell anemia patients to develop more severe health complications. Salivary diagnosis is a potential tool for predicting and preventing oral microbiome-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Al-Sarraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Albiheyri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in BioNanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Qari
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alotaibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Al-Zahrani
- Biological Science Department, College of Science and Art, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashail A Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada M Nass
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Bouback
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alotibi
- Health Information Technology Department, Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osman Radhwi
- Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan H Sajer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya Redhwan
- Department of Health, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Matary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Sana'a P.O. Box 1247, Yemen
| | - Enas A Almanzalawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem S Elshafie
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (DAFE), University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Teles AM, Pina C, Cardoso IL, Tramontana A, Cardoso M, Duarte AS, Bartolomeu M, Noites R. Degree of Contamination of Gutta-Percha Points by Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA/MSSA) Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8566. [PMID: 39201252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered one of the most harmful bacteria to human health. Dentistry, like all healthcare disciplines, places great emphasis on preventing scenarios that may result in cross-infection. Although various tested and already used materials are suitable for filling the root canal system, Gutta-Percha (GP) remains the preferred and widely accepted gold standard. OBJECTIVE We performed an in vitro analysis of the contamination of GP points, regarding the strains of Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and Methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) Staphylococcus aureus, using classical microbiology methods and molecular biology techniques. METHODS Gutta-Percha points of two different brands from opened packages (already in use for 1 month) were collected for analysis. The assessment involved incubating the GP points in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) medium to detect microbial growth. Growing microorganisms were plated on a selective and differential chromogenic medium for MRSA/MSSA strains, and the identification of isolates was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In the case of microbial growth, the GP point was submitted to a disinfection protocol. RESULTS From the 315 collected GP points, only 6 (1.9%) resulted in being positive for microbial growth. After confirmation by PCR, only one sample of the six GP points was contaminated by MRSA, and the remaining five were MSSA-contaminated. The disinfection protocol was effective in all contaminated GP points. CONCLUSIONS The Gutta-Percha points from opened pre-sterilized packages showed a very low degree of contamination by MRSA/MSSA. However, the detection of MSSA and MRSA strains raises concerns about potential contamination in dental clinic environments, and this risk cannot be considered negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moura Teles
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Cristina Pina
- FCS-UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- FP-I3ID, Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Biomedical and Health Sciences, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS.UFP@RISE, Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Rede de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Lopes Cardoso
- FCS-UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- FP-I3ID, Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Biomedical and Health Sciences, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS.UFP@RISE, Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Rede de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antea Tramontana
- FCS-UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Cardoso
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Duarte
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Maria Bartolomeu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Rita Noites
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
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12
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Tao K, Yuan Y, Xie Q, Dong Z. Relationship between human oral microbiome dysbiosis and neuropsychiatric diseases: An updated overview. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115111. [PMID: 38871130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The role of the gut-brain axis in mental health disorders has been extensively studied. As the oral cavity is the starting point of the digestive tract, the role that the oral microbiota plays in mental health disorders has gained recent attention. Oral microbiota can enter the bloodstream and trigger inflammatory responses or translocate to the brain through the trigeminal nerve or olfactory system. Hence, the concept of the oral microbiota-brain axis has emerged. Several hypotheses have been suggested that the oral microbiota can enter the gastrointestinal tract and affect the gut-brain axis; however, literature describing oral-brain communication remains limited. This review summarizes the characteristics of oral microbiota and its mechanisms associated with mental health disorders. Through a comprehensive examination of the relationship between oral microbiota and various neuropsychiatric diseases, such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and dementia, this review seeks to identify promising avenues of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tao
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglian Xie
- Department of Outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China; Department of Outpatient, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Fujian 361022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Goloshchapov OV, Chukhlovin AB, Bug DS, Polev DE, Kosarev OV, Klementeva RV, Izmailova EA, Kazantsev IV, Khalipskaia MS, Goloshchapova МО, Yudintseva OS, Barkhatov IM, Petukhova NV, Zubarovskaya LS, Kulagin AD, Moiseev IS. Safety, Feasibility, and Advantages of Oral Microbiota Transplantation: The First Clinical Case. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:287-296. [PMID: 38875447 PMCID: PMC11268550 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The pilot clinical study presented demonstrates the possibility, safety, and effectiveness of oral microbiota transplantation from a healthy donor to a patient with neuroblastoma to prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. A 6-month-old patient with a diagnosis of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma was treated according to the NB 2004 protocol. Due to the development of severe oral mucositis, it was decided to perform oral microbiota transplantation. During the next 3 chemotherapy cycles and conditioning regimen before autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT), the patient was repeatedly injected per os with donor saliva from her healthy mother. Oral microbiota transplantation was shown to effectively prevent the development of oral mucositis after chemotherapy, and only grade 1 oral mucositis developed after auto-HCT. In all loci of the oral cavity, there was a decreased abundance of bacteria from the Staphylococcaceae, Micrococcaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae families. Conversely, there was an increase in the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae and certain other bacterial taxa. In conclusion, the transplantation of maternal saliva in this patient prevented severe mucositis and was accompanied by a compositional change of the patient's oral microbiota. No adverse events due to the transplantation of maternal saliva were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Oleg V. Kosarev
- Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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14
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Jameie M, Ahli B, Ghadir S, Azami M, Amanollahi M, Ebadi R, Rafati A, Naser Moghadasi A. The hidden link: How oral and respiratory microbiomes affect multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 88:105742. [PMID: 38964239 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research has explored the role of gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the impact of microbial communities in the oral cavity and respiratory tract on MS is an emerging area of investigation. PURPOSE We aimed to review the current literature related to the nasal, oral, and lung microbiota in people with MS (PwMS). METHODS We conducted a narrative review of clinical and preclinical original studies on PubMed that explored the relationship between the bacterial or viral composition of the nasal, lung, and oral microbiota and MS. Additionally, to find relevant studies not retrieved initially, we also searched for references in related review papers, as well as the references cited within the included studies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Thirteen studies were meticulously reviewed in three sections; oral microbiota (n = 8), nasal microbiota (n = 3), and lung microbiota (n = 2), highlighting considerable alterations in the oral and respiratory microbiome of PwMS compared to healthy controls (HCs). Genera like Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus were less abundant in the oral microbiota of PwMS compared to HCs, while Staphylococcus, Leptotrichia, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides showed increased abundance in PwMS. Additionally, the presence of specific bacteria, including Streptococcus sanguinis, within the oral microbiota was suggested to influence Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, a well-established risk factor for MS. Studies related to the nasal microbiome indicated elevated levels of specific Staphylococcus aureus toxins, as well as nasal glial cell infection with human herpes virus (HHV)-6 in PwMS. Emerging research on lung microbiome in animal models demonstrated that manipulating the lung microbiome towards lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria might suppress MS symptoms. These findings open avenues for potential therapeutic strategies. However, further research is crucial to fully understand the complex interactions between the microbiome and MS. This will help identify the most effective timing, bacterial strains, and modulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Jameie
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Ahli
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadir
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mobin Azami
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mobina Amanollahi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ebadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rafati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Kyaw TS, Patel HV, Jones C, Ha CWY, Khan AR, Hampson LA, Breyer BN, Shaw NM. Urinary and Oral Microbiota Among Men Undergoing Buccal Urethroplasty. Urology 2024; 190:142-147. [PMID: 38878829 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess changes in the urinary microbiota after buccal urethroplasty. METHODS At the University of California San Francisco, we enrolled 9 adult males with urethral strictures undergoing buccal urethroplasty where we collected urine and oral swabs intraoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile the microbiota. RESULTS At baseline, the mouth contains twice the number of unique bacteria (alpha diversity) and the microbial community is significantly distinct compared to the urinary tract. Despite having a buccal mucosa in the urinary tract after urethroplasty, the number of unique bacteria in the urine remained stable. However, the bacterial community composition and structure significantly changed in the urinary tract with the enrichment of Corynebacterium genus at 3 months post-urethroplasty procedure. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, we showed that the alpha diversity in the urinary microbiota did not significantly change despite having a buccal tissue with the capacity to support high bacterial diversity in the urinary tract. To our surprise, the post-urethroplasty urinary microbiota was not a hybrid of baseline oral and urine microbiotas; the changes detected, such as an enrichment of the Corynebacterium genus, were more nuanced yet could profoundly impact surgical outcomes like graft changes and stricture recurrence. Our study not only established the feasibility but also outlined a blueprint for conducting a large-scale study to assess alterations in the urinary microbiome in relation to surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Than S Kyaw
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, CA
| | - Hiren V Patel
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Charles Jones
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Urology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO
| | - Connie W Y Ha
- Benioff Center for Microbiome Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Abdur Rahim Khan
- Benioff Center for Microbiome Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lindsay A Hampson
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Benjamin N Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Nathan M Shaw
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Department of Urology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC.
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16
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Zaidi SMH, Haider R, Kazmi SAB, Husnain A, Khan S, Merchant S, Tayyab H, Wazeen FR, Chaudhary AJ. Beyond Antibiotics: Novel Approaches in the Treatment of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection. ACG Case Rep J 2024; 11:e01333. [PMID: 39081300 PMCID: PMC11286250 DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramsha Haider
- Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ali Husnain
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saniah Khan
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Hamnah Tayyab
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fazl Rahim Wazeen
- Department of Medicine, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Towson, MD
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17
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Peiffer AL, Dugan AE, Kiessling LL. Soluble Human Lectins at the Host-Microbe Interface. Annu Rev Biochem 2024; 93:565-601. [PMID: 38640018 PMCID: PMC11296910 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Human lectins are integral to maintaining microbial homeostasis on the skin, in the blood, and at mucosal barriers. These proteins can recognize microbial glycans and inform the host about its microbial status. In accordance with their roles, their production can vary with tissue type. They also can have unique structural and biochemical properties, and they can influence microbial colonization at sites proximal and distal to their tissue of origin. In line with their classification as innate immune proteins, soluble lectins have long been studied in the context of acute infectious disease, but only recently have we begun to appreciate their roles in maintaining commensal microbial communities (i.e., the human microbiota). This review provides an overview of soluble lectins that operate at host-microbe interfaces, their glycan recognition properties, and their roles in physiological and pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Peiffer
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - A E Dugan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - L L Kiessling
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;
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18
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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8250. [PMID: 39125822 PMCID: PMC11311432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and the progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores the significance of developing strategies to modulate the GI microbiota for promoting human health. The administration of probiotics and prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances the population of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has a positive impact on human health. In addition, dietary fibers serve as a significant energy source for bacteria inhabiting the cecum and colon. Research articles and reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases and keywords to investigate these relationships. There is a clear association between dietary fiber intake and improved colon function, gut motility, and reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, the state of health is reflected in the reciprocal and bidirectional relationships among food, dietary antioxidants, inflammation, and body composition. They are known for their antioxidant properties and their ability to inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote cell survival, modulate immune and inflammatory responses, and inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute to their role in cancer prevention. In different investigations, antioxidant supplements containing vitamins have been shown to lower the risk of specific cancer types. In contrast, some evidence suggests that taking antioxidant supplements can increase the risk of developing cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts among immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, and dietitians are imperative for designing well-structured nutritional trials to corroborate the clinical efficacy of dietary therapy in managing inflammation and preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks to explore the interrelationships among dietary antioxidants, dietary fiber, and the gut microbiome, with a particular focus on their potential implications in inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Ribeiro RF, da Mata VB, Tomaselli LDO, Simionato AA, Santos EDS, Faria ACL, Rodrigues RCS, do Nascimento C. Microbial Leakage through Three Different Implant-Abutment Interfaces on Morse Taper Implants In Vitro. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:226. [PMID: 39057013 PMCID: PMC11275855 DOI: 10.3390/dj12070226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate microbial leakage by means of genome counts, through the implant-abutment interface in dental implants with different Morse taper abutments. Fifty-six samples were prepared and divided in four groups: CMC TB (14 Cylindrical Implants-14 TiBase Abutments), CMX TB (14 Conical Implants-14 TiBase Abutments), CMX PU (14 Conical Implants-14 Universal Abutment) and CMX U (14 Tapered Implants-14 UCLA Abutments). Assemblies had their interface submerged in saliva as the contaminant. Samples were subjected either to thermomechanical cycling (2 × 106 mechanical cycles with frequency of 5 Hz and load of 120 N simultaneously with thermal cycles of 5-55 °C) or thermal cycling (5-55 °C). After cycling, the contents from the inner parts of assemblies were collected and analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. Significant differences in the total genome counts were found after both thermomechanical or thermal cycling: CMX U > CMX PU > CMX TB > CMC TB. There were also significant differences in individual bacterial counts in each of the groups (p < 0.05). Irrespective of mechanical cycling, the type of abutment seems to influence not only the total microbial leakage through the interface, but also seems to significantly reflect differences considering individual target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Faria Ribeiro
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Victor Barboza da Mata
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Tomaselli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Anselmo Agostinho Simionato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Emerson de Souza Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology, and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Cláudia Lapria Faria
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Renata Cristina Silveira Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
| | - Cássio do Nascimento
- Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil; (V.B.d.M.); (L.d.O.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.C.L.F.); (R.C.S.R.)
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20
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Kislik G, Zhou L, Rubbi L, Pellegrini M. Age-correlated changes in the canine oral microbiome. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1426691. [PMID: 39081893 PMCID: PMC11287893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Canine oral disease has been associated with significant changes in the oral microbiome rather than the presence or absence of individual species. In addition, most studies focus on a single age group of canines and as of yet, the relationship between canine microbiomes and age is poorly understood. Methods This study used a shotgun whole gene sequencing approach in tandem with the Aladdin Bioinformatics platform to profile the microbiomes of 96 companion dogs, with the sourmash-zymo reference database being used to perform taxonomic profiling. Results Findings showed significant age correlations among 19 species, including positive correlations among several Porphyromonas species and a negative correlation with C. steedae. Although a significant correlation was found between predicted and actual ages, ElasticNet Regression was unable to successfully predict the ages of younger canines based on their microbiome composition. Both microbiome samples and microbial species were successfully clustered by age group or age correlation, showing that the age-microbiome relationship survives dimensionality reduction. Three distinct clusters of microbial species were found, which were characterized by Porphyromonas, Conchiformibius, and Prevotella genera, respectively. Discussion Findings showed that the microbiomes of older dogs resembled those that previous literature attributed to dogs with periodontal disease. This suggests that the process of aging may introduce greater risks for canine oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Kislik
- Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Farhad SZ, Karbalaeihasanesfahani A, Dadgar E, Nasiri K, Esfahaniani M, Nabi Afjadi M. The role of periodontitis in cancer development, with a focus on oral cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:814. [PMID: 39008163 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that begins as gingivitis and can lead to gum recession, bone loss, and tooth loss if left untreated. It is primarily caused by bacterial infection, which triggers inflammation and the formation of periodontal pockets. Notably, periodontitis is associated with systemic health issues and has been linked to heart disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and cancers. Accordingly, the presence of chronic inflammation and immune system dysregulation in individuals with periodontitis significantly contributes to the initiation and progression of various cancers, particularly oral cancers. These processes promote genetic mutations, impair DNA repair mechanisms, and create a tumor-supportive environment. Moreover, the bacteria associated with periodontitis produce harmful byproducts and toxins that directly damage the DNA within oral cells, exacerbating cancer development. In addition, chronic inflammation not only stimulates cell proliferation but also inhibits apoptosis, causes DNA damage, and triggers the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these factors play a crucial role in the progression of cancer in individuals affected by periodontitis. Further, specific viral and bacterial agents, such as hepatitis B and C viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and Porphyromonas gingivalis, contribute to cancer development through distinct mechanisms. Bacterial infections have systemic implications for cancer development, while viral infections provoke immune and inflammatory responses that can lead to genetic mutations. This review will elucidate the link between periodontitis and cancers, particularly oral cancers, exploring their underlying mechanisms to provide insights for future research and treatment advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Zahra Farhad
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan(Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeel Dadgar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahla Esfahaniani
- Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Chen Y, Li C, Wang X, Zhang CL, Ren ZG, Wang ZQ. Oral microbiota distinguishes patients with osteosarcoma from healthy controls. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1383878. [PMID: 39055977 PMCID: PMC11269967 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1383878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The human microbiota plays a key role in cancer diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. However, osteosarcoma-associated oral microbiota alterations have not yet been unraveled. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of oral microbiota in osteosarcoma patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify potential microbiota as a diagnostic tool for osteosarcoma. Methods The oral microbiota was analyzed in osteosarcoma patients (n = 45) and matched healthy controls (n = 90) using 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing technology. Results The microbial richness and diversity of the tongue coat were increased in osteosarcoma patients as estimated by the abundance-based coverage estimator indices, the Chao, and observed operational taxonomy units (OTUs). Principal component analysis delineated that the oral microbial community was significant differences between osteosarcoma patients and healthy controls. 14 genera including Rothia, Halomonas, Rhodococcus, and Granulicatella were remarkably reduced, whereas Alloprevotella, Prevotella, Selenomonas, and Campylobacter were enriched in osteosarcoma. Eventually, the optimal four OTUs were identified to construct a microbial classifier by the random forest model via a fivefold cross-validation, which achieved an area under the curve of 99.44% in the training group (30 osteosarcoma patients versus 60 healthy controls) and 87.33% in the test group (15 osteosarcoma patients versus 30 healthy controls), respectively. Notably, oral microbial markers validated strong diagnostic potential distinguishing osteosarcoma patients from healthy controls. Conclusion This study comprehensively characterizes the oral microbiota in osteosarcoma and reveals the potential efficacy of oral microbiota-targeted biomarkers as a noninvasive biological diagnostic tool for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chun Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Gang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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B N, Narayanarao G, T R S, B RS, Chandrasekaran D, Rakeeba F. Oral Commensals in Healthy Individuals: A Clinicocytological Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e65317. [PMID: 39184602 PMCID: PMC11344192 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Each human being has a specific group of microorganisms that are necessary for both sustaining health and causing illness. Normally, these microorganisms maintain bio-communalism, do not harm the host, and lead to a state known as symbiosis or eubiosis. The commensal nature of these bacteria is always maintained in symbiosis and attains pathogenic potential when there is an imbalance between host immunity and microorganisms. Our study focuses on the identification and differentiation of the various commensals present in the oral cavity of healthy individuals over a given period of time. Aims and objectives This study aims to: (i) identify various commensal bacterial species present in the oral cavity; (ii) differentiate each commensal bacterial species present in the oral cavity of healthy individuals using cytological and culturing methods; (iii) identify the presence of different types of commensal bacterial species in the same individuals with the specific time intervals; (iv) compare and correlate the presence or absence of bacterial species present as a commensal in both male and female; (v) identify and characterize the commensal bacterial species present in the oral cavity of healthy individuals; (vi) investigate the consistency of commensal bacterial species presence over time and between genders. Methodology We included sixty healthy individuals between the ages of 20 and 24 from both genders, took buccal smears once every two days for ten days, stained them with Gram stain, and grew them in blood agar and Mac Conkey agar. Results The most common commensals include Gram-positive cocci, and among them, Coagulase-negative staphylococcus species (85%) are predominant, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (13.33%), and Streptococcus species (1.67%). The presence of colonies remains the same in all three samples obtained from the same healthy individuals. Conclusion Loss of balance between commensals and pathogens can lead to dysbiosis, which results in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhinipriya B
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, IND
| | - Gururaj Narayanarao
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, IND
| | - Sabarinath T R
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Science and Research, Madurai, IND
| | - Rethika Singh B
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, IND
| | | | - Fadhila Rakeeba
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, CSI College of Dental Sciences and Research, Madurai, IND
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24
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Vegda HS, Patel B, Girdhar GA, Pathan MSH, Ahmad R, Haque M, Sinha S, Kumar S. Role of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Periodontitis: A Bidirectional Relationship. Cureus 2024; 16:e63775. [PMID: 39100036 PMCID: PMC11297857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontitis share common risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia, which contribute to systemic inflammation. It has been suggested that a bidirectional relationship exists between NAFLD and periodontitis, indicating that one condition may exacerbate the other. NAFLD is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. There are several risk factors for the development of NAFLD, including gender, geriatric community, race, ethnicity, poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation, physical activity, nutritional status, dysbiosis gut microbiota, increased oxidative stress, overweight, obesity, higher body mass index (BMI), IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia), and sarcopenia (decreased skeletal muscle mass). This systemic inflammation can contribute to the progression of periodontitis by impairing immune responses and exacerbating the inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues. Furthermore, individuals with NAFLD often exhibit altered lipid metabolism, which may affect oral microbiota composition, leading to dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. Conversely, periodontitis has been linked to the progression of NAFLD through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic periodontal inflammation can release pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, contributing to liver inflammation and exacerbating hepatic steatosis. Moreover, periodontitis-induced oxidative stress may promote hepatic lipid accumulation and IR, further aggravating NAFLD. The interplay between NAFLD and periodontitis underscores the importance of comprehensive management strategies targeting both conditions. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and proper oral hygiene practices are crucial for preventing and managing these interconnected diseases. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration between hepatologists and periodontists is essential for optimizing patient care and improving outcomes in individuals with NAFLD and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardika S Vegda
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Bhavin Patel
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Gaurav A Girdhar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mohd Shabankhan H Pathan
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mainul Haque
- Department of Research, Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC) School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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25
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Ganesh PS. 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde causes attrition of biofilm formation and quorum sensing-associated virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 163:105976. [PMID: 38640776 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the effects of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (4-H-3-MB) against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) using an in vitro cariogenic biofilm model. DESIGN The antimicrobial susceptibility of biofilm-forming S. mutans was evaluated by disc diffusion method. In vitro investigations were performed using crystal violet staining assay (biofilm assay), exopolysaccharide (EPS) assay, acid production, growth curve analysis, optical microscopic, and FE-SEM analyses to determine the antibiofilm activity of 4-H-3-MB. RESULTS S. mutans (SDC-05) was resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and ceftriaxone, whereas the other strains of S. mutans (SDC-01, 02, 03 and SDC-04) were sensitive to all the antibiotics tested. 4-H-3-MB showed promising antibiofilm activity on S. mutans UA159 (79.81 %, 67.76 % and 56.31 %) and S. mutans SDC-05 (77.00 %, 59.48 % and 48.22 %) at the lowest concentration of 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 mg/ml. 4-H-3-MB did not inhibit bacterial growth even at concentrations 0.2 mg/ml. Similarly, 4-H-3-MB led to significant attrition in exopolysaccharide (EPS) and acid production by S. mutans UA159 and S. mutans (SDC-05) at the concentration of 0.2, 0.1 mg/ml, respectively. Optical microscopy and FE-SEM analysis 4-H-3-MB reduced the biofilm thickness of S. mutans UA159 and S. mutans SDC-05 relative to the untreated specimens. CONCLUSION 4-H-3-MB significantly inhibited biofilm formation by S. mutans in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, our findings indicate that the active principle of 4-H-3-MB could be used as a biofilm inhibiting agent against S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University (Deemed to be University), Chennai 600 077, Tamilnadu, India.
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26
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Stankevic E, Kern T, Borisevich D, Poulsen CS, Madsen AL, Hansen TH, Jonsson A, Schubert M, Nygaard N, Nielsen T, Belstrøm D, Ahluwalia TS, Witte DR, Grarup N, Arumugam M, Pedersen O, Hansen T. Genome-wide association study identifies host genetic variants influencing oral microbiota diversity and metabolic health. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14738. [PMID: 38926497 PMCID: PMC11208528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbial communities of the oral cavity are important elements of oral and systemic health. With emerging evidence highlighting the heritability of oral bacterial microbiota, this study aimed to identify host genome variants that influence oral microbial traits. Using data from 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we performed genome-wide association studies with univariate and multivariate traits of the salivary microbiota from 610 unrelated adults from the Danish ADDITION-PRO cohort. We identified six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human genomes that showed associations with abundance of bacterial taxa at different taxonomical tiers (P < 5 × 10-8). Notably, SNP rs17793860 surpassed our study-wide significance threshold (P < 1.19 × 10-9). Additionally, rs4530093 was linked to bacterial beta diversity (P < 5 × 10-8). Out of these seven SNPs identified, six exerted effects on metabolic traits, including glycated hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, the risk of type 2 diabetes and stroke. Our findings highlight the impact of specific host SNPs on the composition and diversity of the oral bacterial community. Importantly, our results indicate an intricate interplay between host genetics, the oral microbiota, and metabolic health. We emphasize the need for integrative approaches considering genetic, microbial, and metabolic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Stankevic
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timo Kern
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dmitrii Borisevich
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper Sahl Poulsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Lundager Madsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tue Haldor Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medical Department, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
| | - Anna Jonsson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Schubert
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikoline Nygaard
- Department of Odontology, Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Medical Department, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Department of Odontology, Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manimozhiyan Arumugam
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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27
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Beattie RE. Probiotics for oral health: a critical evaluation of bacterial strains. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1430810. [PMID: 38979537 PMCID: PMC11228166 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1430810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral health is critical for total body health and well-being; however, little improvement in oral health status has occurred in the U.S. over the past 20 years. Tooth decay and gum disease remain highly prevalent, with more than 90% and 50% of adults suffering from these conditions, respectively. To combat this lack of improvement, alternative approaches to dental care are now being suggested. One such alternative therapy is probiotics for oral care. In the oral cavity, probiotic strains have been shown to reduce levels of oral pathogens, inhibit the formation of dental caries, and reduce the levels of bacteria that cause halitosis. However, as the oral care probiotic market expands, many products contain bacterial species and strains with no documented health benefits leading to confusion and mistrust among consumers and clinicians. This confusion is enhanced by the regulatory status of probiotic products which puts the onus of safety and efficacy on the manufacturer rather than a central regulatory body. The overarching goal of this review is to provide consumers and clinicians with documented evidence supporting (or refuting) the health benefits of oral care probiotics marketed for sale in the United States. This includes defining what constitutes an oral care probiotic product and a strain level analysis of candidate probiotics from the genera Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus. Additionally, prebiotics and postbiotics will be discussed. Finally, a set of considerations for consumers and clinicians is provided to empower probiotic product decision making. Together, this review will improve understanding of oral care probiotics marketed in the US for dental professionals and consumers.
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28
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Stam AJ, Groenewegen H, Vissink A, Wensing AMJ, Nijhuis M, Bierman WFW. Periodontal inflammation as a potential driver of HIV low level viremia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305641. [PMID: 38885222 PMCID: PMC11182545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV can be successfully suppressed to undetectable levels by antiretroviral therapy (ART) in most people with HIV (PWH). However, a small proportion continues to have persistent low-level viremia (LLV) during ART. A presumed source of LLV is production or replication from viral reservoirs, which are maintained in the presence of ART. It is unknown whether the oral cavity can be considered an HIV reservoir. As periodontal inflammation is a common problem in PWH, we hypothesize that periodontal inflammation in the oral cavity activates (latently) infected cells and thus might be associated with LLV. We included 11 individuals with HIV LLV, and compared HIV-RNA levels in saliva and plasma at baseline and at week 24 after switch of ART. We compared the LLV-group at baseline with 11 age-matched controls with suppressed viremia. To investigate the severity of periodontitis we used Periodontal Inflamed Surface Areas (PISA) by measuring probing depth, gingival recession, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment level. Severity of periodontitis was classified according to the CDC-AAP case definition. Additional insights in periodontal inflammation were obtained by comparing immune activation markers and the presence of periodontal pathogens. In four individuals of the LLV group, residual levels of HIV-RNA were detected in saliva at baseline (N = 1) or at week 24 (N = 2) or both (N = 1). Of the four individuals with LLV, three had residual levels of HIV-RNA in saliva. All 22 individuals had moderate to severe periodontitis. PISA was not significantly different between cases with LLV and controls. Similarly, periodontal pathogens were frequently observed in both groups. Total activated HLA-DR+CD38+ CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells were significantly higher in the LLV group than in the control group (p = <0.01). No immune markers were associated with LLV. In conclusion, periodontal inflammation is an unlikely driver of HIV LLV compared to HIV suppressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjen J. Stam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Translational Virology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Groenewegen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie M. J. Wensing
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Translational Virology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health, Ezintsha, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Monique Nijhuis
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Translational Virology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter F. W. Bierman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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29
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van Dijk MC, Petersen JF, Raber-Durlacher JE, Epstein JB, Laheij AMGA. Diversity and compositional differences in the oral microbiome of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and healthy controls: a scoping review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1366153. [PMID: 38919733 PMCID: PMC11196763 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1366153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The human oral microbiome may play a role in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this scoping review was to examine microbial diversity and differences in the composition of the oral microbiome between OSCC patients and healthy controls. Methods A literature search (in PubMed and Embase.com) was performed on January 9, 2023. The outcome variables used from the included studies of this review were alpha- and beta diversity and oral microbiome composition profiles for each taxonomic level (phylum-, class-, order-, genus- and species level). Results Thirteen out of 423 studies were included in this review compromising 1,677 subjects, of which 905 (54.0%) were OSCC patients and 772 (46.0%) were healthy controls. Most studies found a higher alpha diversity in the OSCC patient group and significantly different beta diversities between OSCC patient samples and healthy control samples. Studies reported more abundant Fusobacteria (on phylum level), Fusobacterium (on genus level), Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Prevotella intermedia (on species level) in OSCC patients. The healthy control group had more abundant Actinobacteria (on phylum level), Streptococcus and Veilonella (on genus level) and Veilonella parvula (on species level) according to most studies. Conclusions Our findings show differences in oral microbiome diversity and composition in OSCC patients. Clinical implications demand continuing study. Development of internationally accepted standard procedures for oral sample collection and oral microbiota analysis is needed for more conclusive and clinically relevant comparisons in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. C. van Dijk
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J. F. Petersen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J. E. Raber-Durlacher
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J. B. Epstein
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte CA and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - A. M. G. A. Laheij
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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30
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Fan X, Monson KR, Peters BA, Whittington JM, Um CY, Oberstein PE, McCullough ML, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Ahn J, Hayes RB. Altered salivary microbiota associated with high-sugar beverage consumption. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13386. [PMID: 38862651 PMCID: PMC11167035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human oral microbiome may alter oral and systemic disease risk. Consuming high sugar content beverages (HSB) can lead to caries development by altering the microbial composition in dental plaque, but little is known regarding HSB-specific oral microbial alterations. Therefore, we conducted a large, population-based study to examine associations of HSB intake with oral microbiome diversity and composition. Using mouthwash samples of 989 individuals in two nationwide U.S. cohorts, bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified, sequenced, and assigned to bacterial taxa. HSB intake was quantified from food frequency questionnaires as low (< 1 serving/week), medium (1-3 servings/week), or high (> 3 servings/week). We assessed overall bacterial diversity and presence of specific taxa with respect to HSB intake in each cohort separately and combined in a meta-analysis. Consistently in the two cohorts, we found lower species richness in high HSB consumers (> 3 cans/week) (p = 0.027), and that overall bacterial community profiles differed from those of non-consumers (PERMANOVA p = 0.040). Specifically, presence of a network of commensal bacteria (Lachnospiraceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Alloprevotella rava) was less common in high compared to non-consumers, as were other species including Campylobacter showae, Prevotella oulorum, and Mycoplasma faucium. Presence of acidogenic bacteria Bifodobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was more common in high consumers. Abundance of Fusobacteriales and its genus Leptotrichia, Lachnoanaerobaculum sp., and Campylobacter were lower with higher HSB consumption, and their abundances were correlated. No significant interaction was found for these associations with diabetic status or with microbial markers for caries (S. mutans) and periodontitis (P. gingivalis). Our results suggest that soft drink intake may alter the salivary microbiota, with consistent results across two independent cohorts. The observed perturbations of overrepresented acidogenic bacteria and underrepresented commensal bacteria in high HSB consumers may have implications for oral and systemic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Fan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Kelsey R Monson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul E Oberstein
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiyoung Ahn
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard B Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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Peřina V, Šmucler R, Němec P, Barták V. Update on Focal Infection Management: A Czech Interdisciplinary Consensus. Int Dent J 2024; 74:510-518. [PMID: 38044216 PMCID: PMC11123548 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The focal infection theory has been used to explain several chronic systemic diseases in the past. Systemic diseases were thought to be caused by focal infections, such as caries and periodontal diseases, and dentists were held responsible for these diseases due to the spread of oral infections. As knowledge of the interrelationship between oral microorganisms and the host immune response has evolved over the last few decades, the focal infection theory has been modified in various ways. The relationship between oral and systemic health appears to be more complex than that suggested by the classical theory of focal infections. Indeed, the contribution of the oral microbiota to some systemic diseases is gaining acceptance, as there are strong associations between periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease, diabetes, and hospital-associated pneumonia, amongst others. As many jurisdictions have various protocols for managing this oral-systemic axis of disease, we sought to provide a consensus on this notion with the help of a multidisciplinary team from the Czech Republic. METHODS A multidisciplinary team comprising physicians/surgeons in the specialities of dentistry, ear-nose and throat (ENT), cardiology, orthopaedics, oncology, and diabetology were quetioned with regard to their conceptual understanding of the focal infection theory particularly in relation to the oral-systemic axis. The team also established a protocol to determine the strength of these associations and to plan the therapeutic steps needed to treat focal odontogenic infections whenever possible. RESULTS Scoring algorithms were devised for odontogenic inflammatory diseases and systemic risks, and standardised procedures were developed for general use. CONCLUSIONS The designed algorithm of the oral-systemic axis will be helpful for all health care workers in guiding their patient management protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Peřina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Czech Dental Chamber, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Šmucler
- Czech Dental Chamber, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Stomatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petr Němec
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantations, Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne´s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Barták
- 1. Orthopedic Clinic of the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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Wang X, Zhou Y, Luo C, Zhao J, Ji Y, Wang Z, Zheng P, Li D, Shi Y, Nishiura A, Matsumoto N, Honda Y, Xu B, Huang F. Senolytics ameliorate the failure of bone regeneration through the cell senescence-related inflammatory signalling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116606. [PMID: 38670048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced premature senescent (SIPS) cells induced by various stresses deteriorate cell functions. Dasatinib and quercetin senolytics (DQ) can alleviate several diseases by eliminating senescent cells. α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) is a widely used therapeutic approach for bone restoration but induces bone formation for a comparatively long time. Furthermore, bone infection exacerbates the detrimental prognosis of bone formation during material implant surgery due to oral cavity bacteria and unintentional contamination. It is essential to mitigate the inhibitory effects on bone formation during surgical procedures. Little is known that DQ improves bone formation in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-contaminated implants and its intrinsic mechanisms in the study of maxillofacial bone defects. This study aims to investigate whether the administration of DQ ameliorates the impairments on bone repair inflammation and contamination by eliminating SIPS cells. α-TCP and LPS-contaminated α-TCP were implanted into Sprague-Dawley rat calvaria bone defects. Simultaneously, bone formation in the bone defects was investigated with or without the oral administration of DQ. Micro-computed tomography and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that senolytics significantly enhanced bone formation at the defect site. Histology and immunofluorescence staining revealed that the levels of p21- and p16-positive senescent cells, inflammation, macrophages, reactive oxygen species, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells declined after administering DQ. DQ could partially alleviate the production of senescent markers and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes in vitro. This study indicates that LPS-contaminated α-TCP-based biomaterials can induce cellular senescence and hamper bone regeneration. Senolytics have significant therapeutic potential in reducing the adverse osteogenic effects of biomaterial-related infections and improving bone formation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan; Department of Stomatological Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuyi Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yuna Ji
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengchao Zheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingji Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhan Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aki Nishiura
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Ravichandran A, Sivapackiam J, Periasamy S. Oral bacterial insights from a comparative study between healthy and comorbid diseased human individuals. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106643. [PMID: 38631413 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The human oral cavity is colonized by a diverse microbial community, which includes both native and transient colonizers. The microbial composition is crucial for maintaining oral homeostasis, but due to overgrowth or imbalances of these microbial communities, dysbiosis can occur. There is a lack of understanding of the research of native and transient colonizers in the oral cavity of the Indian subpopulation Therefore, in our present study, we explored the role and prevalence of transient and native colonizers between healthy and comorbid oral diseased human individuals. Culture-dependent techniques and culture-independent 16S r DNA metagenomic analyses were employed to isolate and study the interactions of native and transient colonizers from human oral samples. Among the 66 human individuals of both healthy and comorbid individuals, the most abundant isolate was found to be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424. In addition, the more prevalent culturable isolate from the healthy samples was Streptococcus salivarius MTCC 13009, whereas in comorbid samples Staphylococcus pasteuri MTCC 13076, Rothia dentocariosa MTCC 13010 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 13077 were prevalent to a greater extent. 16S rDNA metagenomic analyses revealed the prevalence and abundance of genera such as Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in healthy individuals; consequently, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were observed mostly in comorbid individuals. The significant differences in bacterial population density were observed in terms of the Shannon index (p = 0.5145) and Simpson index (p = 0.9061) between the healthy and comorbid groups. B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 exhibits antagonistic behavior when grown as a dual-species with native and transient colonizers. This result is very consistent with the findings of antibiofilm studies using confocal laser scanning microscopy, which revealed a significant reduction in biofilm biovolume (73 %) and maximum thickness (80 %) and an increase in the rough coefficient of biofilms (30 %). Our data suggested that B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 can be a native colonizer of Indian sub-populations. It may act as a novel candidate for oral healthcare applications and greatly aids in the regulation of transient species in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ravichandran
- Centre of Excellence in Biofilms, Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College (Autonomous), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jothilingam Sivapackiam
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Saravanan Periasamy
- Centre of Excellence in Biofilms, Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College (Autonomous), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India.
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de Jongh CA, Bikker FJ, de Vries TJ, Werner A, Gibbs S, Krom BP. Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence. Biofilm 2024; 7:100172. [PMID: 38226024 PMCID: PMC10788424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In the oral cavity Candida albicans interacts with many oral bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, both physically and metabolically. The aim of this in vitro study was to characterize these interactions and study their effects on the survival of P. gingivalis. First, metabolic interactions were evaluated by counting the colony forming units (CFU) after co-culturing. The results indicated that the anaerobic bacterium P. gingivalis survives under aerobic conditions when co-cultured with C. albicans. This is due to the oxygen consumption by C. albicans as determined by a reduction in survival upon the addition of Antimycin A. By measuring the protease activity, it was found that the presence of C. albicans induced gingipain activity by P. gingivalis, which is an important virulence factor. Adherence of P. gingivalis to hyphae of C. albicans was observed with a dynamic flow system. Using various C. albicans mutants, it was shown that the mechanism of adhesion was mediated by the cell wall adhesins, members of the agglutinin-like sequence (Als) family: Als3 and Als1. Furthermore, the two microorganisms could be co-cultured into forming a biofilm in which P. gingivalis can survive under aerobic culturing conditions, which was imaged using scanning electron microscopy. This study has further elucidated mechanisms of interaction, virulence acquisition and survival of P. gingivalis when co-cultured with C. albicans. Such survival could be essential for the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis in the oxygen-rich niches of the oral cavity. This study has emphasized the importance of interaction between different microbes in promoting survival, virulence and attachment of pathogens, which could be essential in facilitating penetration into the environment of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. de Jongh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teun J. de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arie Werner
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan P. Krom
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Tzimas K, Antoniadou M, Varzakas T, Voidarou C(C. Plant-Derived Compounds: A Promising Tool for Dental Caries Prevention. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5257-5290. [PMID: 38920987 PMCID: PMC11201632 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing shift from the use of conventional pharmaceutical oral care products to the use of herbal extracts and traditional remedies in dental caries prevention. This is attributed to the potential environmental and health implications of contemporary oral products. This comprehensive review aims at the analysis of plant-derived compounds as preventive modalities in dental caries research. It focuses on data collected from 2019 until recently, trying to emphasize current trends in this topic. The research findings suggest that several plant-derived compounds, either aqueous or ethanolic, exhibit notable antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans and other bacteria related to dental caries, with some extracts demonstrating an efficacy comparable to that of chlorhexidine. Furthermore, in vivo studies using plant-derived compounds incorporated in food derivatives, such as lollipops, have shown promising results by significantly reducing Streptococcus mutans in high-risk caries children. In vitro studies on plant-derived compounds have revealed bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity against S. mutans, suggesting their potential use as dental caries preventive agents. Medicinal plants, plant-derived phytochemicals, essential oils, and other food compounds have exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens, either by their anti-adhesion activity, the inhibition of extracellular microbial enzymes, or their direct action on microbial species and acid production. However, further research is needed to assess their antimicrobial activity and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and safety profiles of these plant-derived compounds before their widespread clinical use can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tzimas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Department of Operative Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece;
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Mohammed LI, Razali R, Zakaria ZZ, Benslimane FM, Cyprian F, Al-Asmakh M. Smoking induced salivary microbiome dysbiosis and is correlated with lipid biomarkers. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:608. [PMID: 38796419 PMCID: PMC11127352 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining oral homeostasis and health; smoking significantly affects it, leading to microbial dysbiosis. The study aims to investigate changes in the oral microbiome composition of smokers in the Qatari population and establish a correlation with lipid biomarkers. METHODS The oral microbiota was profiled from saliva samples of 200 smokers and 100 non-smokers in the Qatari population, and 16s rRNA V3-V4 region were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were clustered using QIIME and the statistical analysis was performed by R. RESULTS Non-smokers exhibited a more diverse microbiome, with significant alpha and beta diversity differences between the non-smoker and smoker groups. Smokers had a higher abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Patescibacteria, and Proteobacteria at the phylum level and of Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella, TM7x, and Porphyromonas at the genus level. In contrast, non-smokers had more Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteriota, and Patescibacteria at the phylum level, and Prevotella, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Porphromonas, and Neisseria at the genus level. Notably, Streptococcus was significantly positively correlated with LDL and negatively correlated with HDL. Additionally, Streptococcus salivarius, within the genus Streptococcus, was substantially more abundant in smokers. CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant influence of smoking on the composition of the oral microbiome by enriching anaerobic microbes and depleting aerobic microbes. Moreover, the observed correlation between Streptococcus abundance and the lipid biomarkers suggests a potential link between smokers-induced salivary microbiome dysbiosis and lipid metabolism. Understanding the impact of smoking on altering the oral microbiome composition and its correlation with chemistry tests is essential for developing targeted interventions and strategies to improve oral health and reduce the risk of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla I Mohammed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Rozaimi Razali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- The KINDI Center for Computing Research, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zain Zaki Zakaria
- Medical and Health Sciences Office, QU-Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Farhan Cyprian
- Basic Medical Science Department, College of Medicine-QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU-Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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Wei Y, Yu W, Zhang Z, Liu S, Xue J, Wu C, Gao Z, Guo S. Comparative analysis of oropharyngeal microbiota in healthcare workers post-COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1347345. [PMID: 38828262 PMCID: PMC11140064 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1347345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To date, more than 770 million individuals have become coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescents worldwide. Emerging evidence highlights the influence of COVID-19 on the oral microbiome during both acute and convalescent disease phases. Front-line healthcare workers are at an elevated risk of exposure to viral infections, and the effects of COVID-19 on their oral microbiome remain relatively unexplored. Methods Oropharyngeal swab specimens, collected one month after a negative COVID-19 test from a cohort comprising 55 healthcare workers, underwent 16S rRNA sequencing. We conducted a comparative analysis between this post-COVID-19 cohort and the pre-infection dataset from the same participants. Community composition analysis, indicator species analysis, alpha diversity assessment, beta diversity exploration, and functional prediction were evaluated. Results The Shannon and Simpson indexes of the oral microbial community declined significantly in the post-COVID-19 group when compared with the pre-infection cohort. Moreover, there was clear intergroup clustering between the two groups. In the post-COVID-19 group, the phylum Firmicutes showed a significant increase. Further, there were clear differences in relative abundance of several bacterial genera in contrast with the pre-infection group, including Streptococcus, Gemella, Granulicatella, Capnocytophaga, Leptotrichia, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella. We identified Gemella enrichment in the post-COVID-19 group, potentially serving as a recovery period performance indicator. Functional prediction revealed lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis downregulation in the post-COVID-19 group, an outcome with host inflammatory response modulation and innate defence mechanism implications. Conclusion During the recovery phase of COVID-19, the oral microbiome diversity of front-line healthcare workers failed to fully return to its pre-infection state. Despite the negative COVID-19 test result one month later, notable disparities persisted in the composition and functional attributes of the oral microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- Nursing of school, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenyi Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixia Zhang
- Nursing Department, Linfen Central Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Siqin Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianbo Xue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Nursing of school, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhancheng Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chest and Lung Diseases, Shanxi Medical University, Linfen, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuming Guo
- Nursing of school, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Nursing Department, Linfen Central Hospital, Shanxi, China
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Xiao W, Weissman JL, Johnson PLF. Ecological drivers of CRISPR immune systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.16.594560. [PMID: 38952799 PMCID: PMC11216370 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.594560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas is the only known adaptive immune system of prokaryotes. It is a powerful defense system against mobile genetic elements such as bacteriophages. While CRISPR-Cas systems can be found throughout the prokaryotic tree of life, they are distributed unevenly across taxa and environments. Since adaptive immunity is more useful in environments where pathogens persist or reoccur, the density and/or diversity of the host/pathogen community may drive the uneven distribution of CRISPR system. We directly tested hypotheses connecting CRISPR incidence with prokaryotic density/diversity by analyzing 16S rRNA and metagenomic data from publicly available environmental sequencing projects. In terms of density, we found that CRISPR systems are significantly favored in lower abundance (less dense) taxa and disfavored in higher abundance taxa, at least in marine environments. When we extended this work to compare taxonomic diversity between samples, we found CRISPR system incidence strongly correlated with diversity in human oral environments. Together, these observations confirm that, at least in certain types of environments, the prokaryotic ecological context indeed plays a key role in selecting for CRISPR immunity. Importance 2Microbes must constantly defend themselves against viral pathogens, and a large proportion of prokaryotes do so using the highly effective CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune system. However, many prokaryotes do not. We investigated the ecological factors behind this uneven distribution of CRISPR-Cas immune systems in natural microbial populations. We found strong patterns linking CRISPR-Cas systems to prokaryotic density within ocean environments and to prokaryotic diversity within human oral environments. Our study validates previous within-lab experimental results that suggested these factors might be important and confirms that local environment and ecological context interact to select for CRISPR immunity.
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Kriswandini IL, Sidarningsih S, Hermanto AC, Tyas PR, Aljunaid MA. The Influence of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation in a Polymicrobial Environment (Streptococcus gordonii & Porphyromonas gingivalis). Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38744329 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biofilms play a vital role in the occurrence or worsening of an infectious disease. Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium with the ability to form biofilms that plays a key role in the development of infectious diseases such as dental caries. The formation of biofilms in S. mutans is mediated by quorum sensing. Inhibiting quorum sensing can be considered as one of the approaches to prevent caries. This study aims to investigate the ability of Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria to inhibit the formation of S. mutans biofilm. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research was conducted to analyze bacterial biofilm formation and metabolism. The bacteria used are S. mutans (serotype C), S. gordonii (ATCC 5165), and P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277). Biofilm formation was analyzed using the crystal violet assay. Bacterial metabolism was analyzed using the methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. RESULTS The results of the crystal violet assay indicate a decrease in biofilm formation in S. mutans when in the presence of S. gordonii and S. mutans in the presence of P. gingivalis. The results of the MTT assay show no significant change in the bacterial metabolism of S. mutans in the presence of S. gordonii and S. mutans in the presence of P. gingivalis. However, S. mutans with the presence of S. gordonii and P. gingivalis show an increase in biofilm formation and bacterial metabolism. CONCLUSION S. gordonii and P. gingivalis are each capable of inhibiting the formation of S. mutans biofilm in a polymicrobial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pinta Rahayuning Tyas
- Student of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Chattopadhyay S, Malayil L, Chopyk J, Smyth E, Kulkarni P, Raspanti G, Thomas SB, Sapkota A, Mongodin EF, Sapkota AR. Oral microbiome dysbiosis among cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users compared to non-users. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10394. [PMID: 38710815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use significantly influences the oral microbiome. However, less is known about how different tobacco products specifically impact the oral microbiome over time. To address this knowledge gap, we characterized the oral microbiome of cigarette users, smokeless tobacco users, and non-users over 4 months (four time points). Buccal swab and saliva samples (n = 611) were collected from 85 participants. DNA was extracted from all samples and sequencing was carried out on an Illumina MiSeq, targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cigarette and smokeless tobacco users had more diverse oral bacterial communities, including a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and a lower relative abundance of Proteobacteria, when compared to non-users. Non-users had a higher relative abundance of Actinomyces, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Oribacterium, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Rothia, and Veillonella in buccal swab samples, compared to tobacco users. While the most abundant bacterial genera were relatively constant over time, some species demonstrated significant shifts in relative abundance between the first and last time points. In addition, some opportunistic pathogens were detected among tobacco users including Neisseria subflava, Bulleidia moorei and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Overall, our results provide a more holistic understanding of the structure of oral bacterial communities in tobacco users compared to non-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhana Chattopadhyay
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Leena Malayil
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Chopyk
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Eoghan Smyth
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Prachi Kulkarni
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Greg Raspanti
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Stephen B Thomas
- Center for Health Equity, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Sapkota
- Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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Shen S, Liu X, Huang J, Sun Y, Liu B, Song W, Meng L, Du M, Feng Q. Efficacy of a mouthwash containing ε-poly-L-lysine, funme peptides and domiphen in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:525. [PMID: 38702623 PMCID: PMC11069150 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of a combination of ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), funme peptide (FP) as well as domiphen against oral pathogens, and assess the efficacy of a BOP® mouthwash supplemented with this combination in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque in a clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the compound against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were determined by the gradient dilution method. Subsequently, the CCK-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of mouthwash on human gingival fibroblastst, and the effectiveness in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque of the mouthwash supplemented with the combination was analyzed by a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled clinical trial. RESULTS The combination exhibited significant inhibitory effects on tested oral pathogens with the MIC < 1.56% (v/v) and the MBC < 3.13% (v/v), and the mouthwash containing this combination did not inhibit the viability of human gingival fibroblasts at the test concentrations. The clinical trial showed that the test group displayed notably lower volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) at 0, 10, 24 h, and 7 d post-mouthwash (P < 0.05), compared with the baseline. After 7 days, the VSC levels of the and control groups were reduced by 50.27% and 32.12%, respectively, and notably cutting severe halitosis by 57.03% in the test group. Additionally, the Plaque Index (PLI) of the test and control group decreased by 54.55% and 8.38%, respectively, and there was a significant difference in PLI between the two groups after 7 days (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination of ε-PL, FP and domiphen demonstrated potent inhibitory and bactericidal effects against the tested oral pathogens, and the newly formulated mouthwash added with the combination exhibited anti-dental plaque and anti-halitosis properties in a clinical trial and was safe. TRIAL REGISTRATION The randomized controlled clinical trial was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300073816, Date: 21/07/2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Juiz PJL, Ferreira LTB, Pires EA, Villarreal CF. Patent Mining on the Use of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in the Technological Development for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:566. [PMID: 38790671 PMCID: PMC11117607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition characterized by an aberrant immune response against a dysbiotic dental biofilm, with oxidative stress performing an essential role in its pathogenesis. This paper presents a patent mining, performed in the Orbit Intelligence patent database, related to antioxidant phytochemicals in the technological developments that are working to prevent and treat periodontal disease. To access the documents, the descriptors "PERIODONTAL" and "ANTIOXIDANT" were typed in the title, abstract, and claim search fields. A total of 322 patents demonstrate the growing interest in researching natural antioxidants for scientific and technological purposes. The top ten countries regarding the number of family patents produced were the United States, the European Office, Japan, South Korea, China, India, Mexico, Denmark, Canada, and Great Britain. The most cited compounds were vitamin C, green tea, quercetin, melatonin, lycopene, resveratrol, and curcumin. These compounds have been used for the technological development of gels, membranes, dentifrices, chewing gum, orally disintegrating film, mouthwash, mouth spray, and mouth massage cream and exhibit the ability to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, a critical factor in the development and progression of periodontal diseases. The patent documents have shown that using antioxidant compounds in conjunction with traditional periodontal treatments is a promising area of interest in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo José Lima Juiz
- Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana 44042-280, BA, Brazil; (P.J.L.J.); (L.T.B.F.)
| | - Luiza Teles Barbalho Ferreira
- Center for Science and Technology in Energy and Sustainability, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana 44042-280, BA, Brazil; (P.J.L.J.); (L.T.B.F.)
| | - Edilson Araújo Pires
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Sciences of Sertão de Canindé, State University of Ceará, Canindé 62700-000, CE, Brazil;
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Chakraborty PK, Biswas A, Sharma M, Jyoti Bharali A, Parmar N, Hemal Shah S. Assessing the Relationship Between COVID-19 and Dental Decay Risk in Youth: A Retrospective Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e60142. [PMID: 38864038 PMCID: PMC11166227 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted public health globally, with particular attention on the effects on children, adolescents, and young adults. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between COVID-19 and caries risk in this age group. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted on 120 patients between the ages of six and 25 years who received dental treatment at a university-affiliated dental clinic between January 2020 and December 2021. Demographic and medical data were collected, and dental examinations were performed to record the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 120 patients, 40 were COVID-19-positive, and 32 of those patients were at high caries risk. Of the 80 patients who were COVID-19 negative, 48 were at high caries risk. There was a statistically significant association between COVID-19 exposure and caries risk. Participants who tested positive for COVID-19 had 1.8 times higher odds of dental caries than those who tested negative. However, no significant association was found between caries risk and age, gender, or previous dental history. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that COVID-19 may be a risk factor for caries in children, adolescents, and young adults. Dental professionals should consider COVID-19 exposure as a potential risk factor when assessing caries risk in this age group. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanism underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arpan Biswas
- Public Health Dentistry, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Mridul Sharma
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, CAN
| | - Ankur Jyoti Bharali
- Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Nirav Parmar
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, IND
| | - Sheerja Hemal Shah
- Dentistry, AMC (Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation) Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, IND
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Kwiatkowski D, Schuch LF, Curra M, Rampelotto PH, Montagner F, Daudt LE, Paz AA, Siebert M, Martins MD, Hashizume LN. Salivary microbiome and oral mucositis in HSCT recipients: A pilot study. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2722-2727. [PMID: 37641195 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deise Kwiatkowski
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lauren Frenzel Schuch
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marina Curra
- School of Dentistry, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francisco Montagner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Liane Esteves Daudt
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Aparecida Paz
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Siebert
- Unit of Research Laboratorial, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Campinas University, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lina Naomi Hashizume
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Inomata M, Abe M, Kawase Y, Hayashi T, Amano S, Sakagami H. Dectin-1/SYK Activation Induces Antimicrobial Peptide and Negative Regulator of NF-κB Signaling in Human Oral Epithelial Cells. In Vivo 2024; 38:1042-1048. [PMID: 38688646 PMCID: PMC11059888 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Oral epithelial cells serve as the primary defense against microbial exposure in the oral cavity, including the fungus Candida albicans. Dectin-1 is crucial for recognition of β-glucan in fungi. However, expression and function of Dectin-1 in oral epithelial cells remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed Dectin-1 expression in Ca9-22 (gingiva), HSC-2 (mouth), HSC-3 (tongue), and HSC-4 (tongue) human oral epithelial cells using flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell treated with β-glucan-rich zymosan were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Phosphorylation of spleen-associated tyrosine kinase (SYK) was analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS Dectin-1 was expressed in all four cell types, with high expression in Ca9-22 and HSC-2. In Ca9-22 cells, exposure to β-glucan-rich zymosan did not alter the mRNA expression of chemokines nor of interleukin (IL)6, IL8, IL1β, IL17A, and IL17F. Zymosan induced the expression of antimicrobial peptides β-defensin-1 and LL-37, but not S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) and S100A9. Furthermore, the expression of cylindromatosis (CYLD), a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, was induced. In HSC-2 cells, zymosan induced the expression of IL17A. The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling, was also induced. Expression of other cytokines and antimicrobial peptides remained unchanged. Zymosan induced phosphorylation of SYK in Ca9-22 cells, as well as NF-κB. CONCLUSION Oral epithelial cells express Dectin-1 and recognize β-glucan, which activates SYK and induces the expression of antimicrobial peptides and negative regulators of NF-κB, potentially maintaining oral homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Inomata
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan;
| | - Masayo Abe
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kawase
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
| | - Toru Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato, Japan
| | - Shigeru Amano
- Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Japan
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Todorić Z, Milošević M, Mareković I, Biočić J. Impact of Pericoronary Microbiota Composition on Course of Recovery after Third Molar Alveotomy. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:580. [PMID: 38792601 PMCID: PMC11122129 DOI: 10.3390/life14050580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the role of microbiota has been investigated in relation to different oral diseases, it is unknown if its composition has any effect on the course of recovery after third molar alveotomy. Our aim was to determine the influence of patient clinical characteristics as well as pericoronary microbiota composition on the course of recovery after a semi-impacted third molar alveotomy. Thirty-six patients were included and samples obtained with paper points, swabs, and tissue samples were analyzed using DNA hybridization and culture methods. Among the 295 organisms detected, the most frequent were Streptococcus spp. (22.4%; 66/295) followed by Fusobacterium spp. (11.9%; 35/295), and T. forsythia (9.1%; 27/295). A comparison of microbiota composition in patients with better and worse recovery did not show significant differences. Worse recovery outcomes were more frequent in patients with a grade 2 self-assessment of oral health (p = 0.040) and better recovery courses were observed in patients with a grade 4 self-assessment (p = 0.0200). A worse recovery course was statistically significant more frequently in patients with previous oral surgical procedures (p = 0.019). Although we demonstrate that worse recovery outcomes were more frequent when certain bacteria were detected, there was no statistically significant difference. Further research is needed to identify microbial profiles specific to the development of worse outcomes after a third molar alveotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Todorić
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Milošević
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department for Environmental Health and Occupational and Sports Medicine, Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Mareković
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Biočić
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Bedoya-Correa CM, Betancur-Giraldo S, Franco J, Arango-Santander S. Probiotic Effect of Streptococcus dentisani on Oral Pathogens: An In Vitro Study. Pathogens 2024; 13:351. [PMID: 38787203 PMCID: PMC11123734 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, including Streptococcus dentisani, have been proposed as an alternative to re-establish the ecology of the oral cavity and inhibit the formation of pathogenic biofilms. The main objective of this work was to assess the probiotic ability of S. dentisani against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, and Candida albicans biofilms. The ability of the strains to form a monospecies biofilm and the probiotic potential of S. dentisani using the competition, exclusion, and displacement strategies were determined. All strains were moderate biofilm producers. The ability of S. dentisani to compete with and exclude S. mutans and S. mitis during biofilm formation was not significant. However, S. dentisani significantly reduced pathologic streptococcal biofilms using the displacement strategy. Also S. dentisani reduced the formation of the C. albicans biofilm mainly through competition and displacement. In vitro, S. dentisani exhibited probiotic potential to reduce the formation of potentially pathogenic biofilms. Further investigation is required to understand the biofilm-inhibiting mechanisms exhibited by this probiotic strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia María Bedoya-Correa
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (J.F.); (S.A.-S.)
| | | | - John Franco
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (J.F.); (S.A.-S.)
- Salud y Sostenibilidad Group, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Santiago Arango-Santander
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (J.F.); (S.A.-S.)
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Defta CL, Albu CC, Albu ŞD, Bogdan-Andreescu CF. Oral Mycobiota: A Narrative Review. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:115. [PMID: 38668027 PMCID: PMC11049401 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have proven the important role of the oral microbiota in health and disease. The dysfunctionality of the oral microbiota, known as dysbiosis, is incriminated in dental caries, periodontal disease, oral infectious diseases, oral cancer, and systemic disease. The lesser-known component of the oral microbiota, the mycobiota, is now assiduously investigated. Recent technological developments have helped foster the identification of new fungal species based on genomic research. Next-generation sequencing has expanded our knowledge about the diversity, architecture, and relationships of oral microorganisms within the oral cavity. The mycobiome structure and relationships with the bacteriome have been studied to identify a mycobiotic signature. This review aimed to emphasize the latest knowledge of the oral mycobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Liliana Defta
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina-Crenguţa Albu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ştefan-Dimitrie Albu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
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Arponen H, Vakkilainen S, Tomnikov N, Kallonen T, Silling S, Mäkitie O, Rautava J. Altered oral microbiome, but normal human papilloma virus prevalence in cartilage-hair hypoplasia patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:169. [PMID: 38637854 PMCID: PMC11027548 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) is a rare syndromic immunodeficiency with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and increased risk of malignancy. In this cross-sectional observational study, we examined HPV status and oral microbiome in individuals with CHH. Oral brush samples were collected from 20 individuals with CHH (aged 5-59 years) and 41 controls (1-69 years). Alpha HPVs (43 types) were tested by nested PCR followed by bead-based probe hybridization. Separately, beta-, gamma-, mu- and nu- HPV types were investigated, and a genome-based bacterial microbiome sequencing was performed. RESULTS We found a similar alpha HPV prevalence in individuals with CHH (45%) and controls (36%). The HPV types of individuals with CHH were HPV-16 (25%), 27, 28, and 78, and of controls HPV-3, 16 (21%), 27, and 61. Beta HPV positivity and combined beta/gamma/mu/nu prevalence was detected in 11% and 11% of individuals with CHH and in 5% and 3% of the controls, respectively. Individuals with CHH differed from the controls in bacterial microbiota diversity, richness, and in microbial composition. Individuals with CHH had lower abundance of species Mitsuokella sp000469545, Parascardovia denticolens, Propionibacterium acidifaciens, UMGS1907 sp004151455, Salinicola halophilus, Haemophilus_A paraphrohaemolyticus, Fusobacterium massiliense, and Veillonella parvula, and higher abundance of Slackia exigua. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with CHH exhibit similar prevalence of HPV DNA but different bacterial microbiota on their oral mucosa compared to healthy controls. This may partly explain the previously observed high prevalence of oral diseases in CHH, and regular oral examination is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Arponen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 1, Helsinki, Finland.
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Svetlana Vakkilainen
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalie Tomnikov
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Steffi Silling
- National Reference Centre for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Pediatric Research Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 1, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB Diagnostics, Helsinki, Finland
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Varzakas T, Antoniadou M. A Holistic Approach for Ethics and Sustainability in the Food Chain: The Gateway to Oral and Systemic Health. Foods 2024; 13:1224. [PMID: 38672896 PMCID: PMC11049237 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Food production is a complex matter, affecting people's lives, organizations' profits, and the well-being of the whole planet, and has multifaceted ethical considerations surrounding its production, distribution, and consumption. This paper addresses the pressing need to confront ethical challenges within the food system, encompassing issues such as environmental sustainability, food security, and individual food choices for better oral and systemic health of all individuals around the globe. From agricultural practices to global trade and food waste, ethical implications are addressed across various domains, highlighting the interconnectedness of ethical decision-making in the food industry. Central themes explored include the ethical dimensions of food production methods, the impact of global trade on food ethics, and the role of individuals in making ethically informed food choices. Additionally, this paper considers the spiritual and physical significance of food, particularly through the lens of oral health as a gateway to holistic well-being. Recognizing the complexity of the food and mouth ecosystem, this paper calls for serious interventions in legislation and economics to promote ethical protocols and techniques for sustainability reasons. It emphasizes the importance of ethical considerations in food safety management systems, regulatory frameworks, and quality standards. Moreover, this paper underlines the need for a comprehensive approach to address ethical dilemmas and moral values inherent in the food industry and oral health policies, adopting the precautionary principle and ethical decision-making frameworks. This article finally aims to serve as a call to action for stakeholders across the food industry and the healthcare sector, to prioritize ethical practices, promote transparency, rearrange economic parameters, and work towards a more sustainable and equitable food system for inner and outer oral and systemic health and human sustainability for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Varzakas
- Department Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Certified Systemic Analyst Program in Systemic Management (CSAP), University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece
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