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Ito H, Tomura Y, Kitagawa Y, Nakashima T, Kobanawa S, Uki K, Oshida J, Kodama T, Fukui S, Kobayashi D. Effects of probiotics on sleep parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:623-630. [PMID: 39094854 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM Although sleep is essential for maintaining good health and well-being, sleep disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent. Probiotics may play a role in sleep regulation; therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of probiotics on sleep parameters. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. Relevant placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials examining the effects of probiotics on sleep outcomes were identified through systematic searches in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi databases. Data were extracted from eligible studies and the risk of bias was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the effects of probiotics on various sleep-related variables. RESULTS Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The decrease in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores in the probiotics group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group after 4-6 weeks and 8-16 weeks, indicating improved sleep quality. The Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi (OSA) sleep inventory score was also decreased in the probiotics group for Factor 1 "sleepiness on rising" and Factor 4 "refreshing," indicating improved sleep quality. Some studies however, showed a risk of bias. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that probiotics may improve sleep quality, as measured by the PSQI and OSA sleep inventory. However, further research is needed to better understand the effects of probiotics on specific sleep parameters and address the limitations of existing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ito
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yuna Tomura
- Tokyo Medical University Library, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitagawa
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nakashima
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobanawa
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kento Uki
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jura Oshida
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kodama
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sayato Fukui
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan
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Ray A, Moore TF, Naik DSL, Borsch DM. Insights into the Two Most Common Cancers of Primitive Gut-Derived Structures and Their Microbial Connections. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1515. [PMID: 39336556 PMCID: PMC11434611 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal and respiratory systems are closely linked in different ways, including from the embryological, anatomical, cellular, and physiological angles. The highest number (and various types) of microorganisms live in the large intestine/colon, and constitute the normal microbiota in healthy people. Adverse alterations of the microbiota or dysbiosis can lead to chronic inflammation. If this detrimental condition persists, a sequence of pathological events can occur, such as inflammatory bowel disease, dysplasia or premalignant changes, and finally, cancer. One of the most commonly identified bacteria in both inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer is Escherichia coli. On the other hand, patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at risk of several other diseases-both intestinal (such as malnutrition and intestinal obstruction, besides cancer) and extraintestinal (such as arthritis, bronchiectasis, and cancer risk). Cancers of the lung and colon are the two most common malignancies occurring worldwide (except for female breast cancer). Like the bacterial role in colon cancer, many studies have shown a link between chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung cancer. However, in colon cancer, genotoxic colibactin-producing E. coli belonging to the B2 phylogroup may promote tumorigenesis. Furthermore, E. coli is believed to play an important role in the dissemination of cancer cells from the primary colonic site. Currently, seven enteric pathogenic E. coli subtypes have been described. Conversely, three Chlamydiae can cause infections in humans (C. trachomatis may increase the risk of cervical and ovarian cancers). Nonetheless, striking genomic plasticity and genetic modifications allow E. coli to constantly adjust to the surrounding environment. Consequently, E. coli becomes resistant to antibiotics and difficult to manage. To solve this problem, scientists are thinking of utilizing suitable lytic bacteriophages (viruses that infect and kill bacteria). Several bacteriophages of E. coli and Chlamydia species are being evaluated for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- School of Health Professions, D’Youville University, 320 Porter Ave, Buffalo, NY 14201, USA
| | - Thomas F. Moore
- College of Health Sciences, Glenville State University, Glenville, WV 26351, USA;
| | - Dayalu S. L. Naik
- ICMR National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi 590010, India;
| | - Daniel M. Borsch
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA;
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Gryaznova M, Smirnova Y, Burakova I, Syromyatnikov M, Chizhkov P, Popov E, Popov V. Changes in the Human Gut Microbiome Caused by the Short-Term Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria Consumption in Healthy People. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:1240-1250. [PMID: 37365419 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is one of the main factors affecting human health. It has been proven that probiotics can regulate the metabolism in the host body. A large number of people use probiotics not as medicines, but as a prophylactic supplement. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria on the gut microbiome of healthy people using the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our study showed changes in the generic composition in the gut of healthy people when taking the supplement. There was an increase in the members responsible for the production of short-chain fatty acids in the gut of the host (Blautia, Fusicatenibacter, Eubacterium hallii group, Ruminococcus), as well as bacteria that improve intestinal homeostasis (Dorea and Barnesiella). There was also a decrease in the abundance of bacteria in the genera Catenibacterium, Hungatella, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas, associated with an unhealthy profile of the human gut microbiome. An increase in members of the phylum Actinobacteriota was also observed, which has a positive effect on the host organism. Our results indicate that short-term prophylactic use of lactic acid bacteria-based supplements can be effective, as it contributes to a beneficial effect on the gut microbiome of healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yuliya Smirnova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Inna Burakova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Mikhail Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia.
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Pavel Chizhkov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Evgeny Popov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Vasily Popov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036, Voronezh, Russia
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018, Voronezh, Russia
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4
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Haque M, Kaminsky L, Abdulqadir R, Engers J, Kovtunov E, Rawat M, Al-Sadi R, Ma TY. Lactobacillus acidophilus inhibits the TNF-α-induced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability via a TLR-2 and PI3K-dependent inhibition of NF-κB activation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348010. [PMID: 39081324 PMCID: PMC11286488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Defective intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ), characterized by an increase in intestinal TJ permeability, has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the immunopathology of IBD and has been shown to cause an increase in intestinal epithelial TJ permeability. Although TNF-α antibodies and other biologics have been advanced for use in IBD treatment, these therapies are associated with severe side effects and have limited efficacy, and there is an urgent need for therapies with benign profiles and high therapeutic efficacy. Probiotic bacteria have beneficial effects and are generally safe and represent an important class of potential therapeutic agents in IBD. Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) is one of the most used probiotics for wide-ranging health benefits, including in gastrointestinal, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders. A specific strain of LA, LA1, was recently demonstrated to have protective and therapeutic effects on the intestinal epithelial TJ barrier. However, the mechanisms of actions of LA1 remain largely unknown. Methods The primary aim of this study was to investigate microbial-epithelial interactions and novel signaling pathways that regulate the effect of LA1 on TNF-α-induced increase in intestinal epithelial TJ permeability, using cell culture and animal model systems. Results and Conclusion Pre-treatment of filter-grown Caco-2 monolayers with LA1 prevented the TNF-α-induced increase in intestinal epithelial TJ permeability by inhibiting TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB p50/p65 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) gene and kinase activity in a TLR-2-dependent manner. LA1 produced a TLR-2- and MyD88-dependent activation of NF-κB p50/p65 in immune cells; however, LA1, in intestinal cells, inhibited the NF-κB p50/p65 activation in a TLR-2-dependent but MyD88-independent manner. In addition, LA1 inhibition of NF-κB p50/p65 and MLCK gene was mediated by TLR-2 pathway activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and IKK-α phosphorylation. Our results demonstrated novel intracellular signaling pathways by which LA1/TLR-2 suppresses the TNF-α pathway activation of NF-κB p50/p65 in intestinal epithelial cells and protects against the TNF-α-induced increase in intestinal epithelial TJ permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haque
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Lauren Kaminsky
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Raz Abdulqadir
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Jessica Engers
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Evgeny Kovtunov
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Manmeet Rawat
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Rana Al-Sadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Thomas Y. Ma
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
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Kang M, Kang M, Lee J, Yoo J, Lee S, Oh S. Allium tuberosum-derived nanovesicles with anti-inflammatory properties prevent DSS-induced colitis and modify the gut microbiome. Food Funct 2024; 15:7641-7657. [PMID: 38953279 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Edible plant-derived nanovesicles (ePDNs) have shown potential as a non-pharmacological option for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by maintaining gut health and showing anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of Allium tuberosum-derived nanovesicles (ADNs) on colitis have not been studied to date. Here, we extracted exosome-like nanovesicles from Allium tuberosum and investigated whether they have an anti-inflammatory effect in RAW 264.7 cells and colitis mice. The results showed that ADNs reduced the elevated levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB pathway-related proteins as a consequence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, our mouse experiments demonstrated that ADNs could ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis symptoms (e.g., increased disease activity index score, intestinal permeability, and histological appearance). Additionally, ADNs counteracted DSS-induced colitis by downregulating the expression of serum amyloid A (SAA), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ADN intervention restored the gut microbial composition, which was similar to that of the DSS non-treated group, by decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. Furthermore, ADNs induced acetic acid production along with an increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus. Overall, our findings suggest that ADN supplementation has a crucial role in maintaining gut health and is a novel preventive therapy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Kang
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minji Kang
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiseon Yoo
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
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Anwer M, Wei MQ. Harnessing the power of probiotic strains in functional foods: nutritive, therapeutic, and next-generation challenges. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:2081-2095. [PMID: 39130669 PMCID: PMC11315846 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional foods have become an essential element of the diet in developed nations, due to their health benefits and nutritive values. Such food products are only called functional if they, "In addition to basic nutrition, have valuable effects on one or multiple functions of the human body, thereby enhancing general and physical conditions and/or reducing the risk of disease progression". Functional foods are currently one of the most extensively researched areas in the food and nutrition sciences. They are fortified and improved food products. Presently, probiotics are regarded as the most significant and commonly used functional food product. Diverse probiotic food products and supplements are used according to the evidence that supports their strength, functionality, and recommended dosage. This review provides an overview of the current functional food market, with a particular focus on probiotic microorganisms as pivotal functional ingredients. It offers insights into current research endeavors and outlines potential future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera Anwer
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215 Australia
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215 Australia
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Pan I, Umapathy S. Probiotics an emerging therapeutic approach towards gut-brain-axis oriented chronic health issues induced by microplastics: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32004. [PMID: 38882279 PMCID: PMC11176854 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Applications for plastic polymers can be found all around the world, often discarded without any prior care, exacerbating the environmental issue. When large waste materials are released into the environment, they undergo physical, biological, and photo-degradation processes that break them down into smaller polymer fragments known as microplastics (MPs). The time it takes for residual plastic to degrade depends on the type of polymer and environmental factors, with some taking as long as 600 years or more. Due to their small size, microplastics can contaminate food and enter the human body through food chains and webs, causing gastrointestinal (GI) tract pain that can range from local to systemic. Microplastics can also acquire hydrophobic organic pollutants and heavy metals on their surface, due to their large surface area and surface hydrophobicity. The levels of contamination on the microplastic surface are significantly higher than in the natural environment. The gut-brain axis (GB axis), through which organisms interact with their environment, regulate nutritional digestion and absorption, intestinal motility and secretion, complex polysaccharide breakdown, and maintain intestinal integrity, can be altered by microplastics acting alone or in combination with pollutants. Probiotics have shown significant therapeutic potential in managing various illnesses mediated by the gut-brain axis. They connect hormonal and biochemical pathways to promote gut and brain health, making them a promising therapy option for a variety of GB axis-mediated illnesses. Additionally, taking probiotics with or without food can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuro-inflammation, neurodegeneration, protein folding, and both motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease. This study provides new insight into microplastic-induced gut dysbiosis, its associated health risks, and the benefits of using both traditional and next-generation probiotics to maintain gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieshita Pan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suganiya Umapathy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
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8
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Chandrasekaran P, Weiskirchen S, Weiskirchen R. Effects of Probiotics on Gut Microbiota: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6022. [PMID: 38892208 PMCID: PMC11172883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of probiotics in regulating intestinal flora to enhance host immunity has recently received widespread attention. Altering the human gut microbiota may increase the predisposition to several disease phenotypes such as gut inflammation and metabolic disorders. The intestinal microbiota converts dietary nutrients into metabolites that serve as biologically active molecules in modulating regulatory functions in the host. Probiotics, which are active microorganisms, play a versatile role in restoring the composition of the gut microbiota, helping to improve host immunity and prevent intestinal disease phenotypes. This comprehensive review provides firsthand information on the gut microbiota and their influence on human health, the dietary effects of diet on the gut microbiota, and how probiotics alter the composition and function of the human gut microbiota, along with their corresponding effects on host immunity in building a healthy intestine. We also discuss the implications of probiotics in some of the most important human diseases. In summary, probiotics play a significant role in regulating the gut microbiota, boosting overall immunity, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and helping ameliorate the symptoms of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Chandrasekaran
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. ND10.504, Dallas, TX 75390-9014, USA
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
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Kasapoglu M, Yadavalli R, Nawaz S, Althwanay A, AlEdani EM, Kaur H, Butt S. The Impact of Microbiome Interventions on the Progression and Severity of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e60786. [PMID: 38779440 PMCID: PMC11110475 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. The dysbiotic gut microbiome likely contributes to IBD pathogenesis. Microbiome-directed therapies such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, and synbiotics may help induce and maintain remission. This systematic review aimed to determine the efficacy of microbiome interventions compared to standard therapy or placebo for IBD treatment. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials on microbiome interventions in IBD from inception to October 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane tools. Outcomes included disease activity, endoscopy, histology, quality of life, and adverse events. A total of 18 randomized controlled trials were included. Three trials found intensive (i.e., high frequency of administration and/or large volumes of fecal material) multi-donor FMT superior to autologous FMT or glucocorticoids for UC remission induction. Seven placebo-controlled trials demonstrated higher remission rates with FMT, especially intensive protocols, versus control for mild-to-moderate UC. However, a single FMT did not prevent relapses. Seven probiotic trials showed the potential to improve UC activity and maintain remission. One synbiotic trial reported reduced inflammation and symptoms versus placebo. Serious adverse events were rare. Small sample sizes and protocol heterogeneity limited the conclusions. Current evidence indicates the potential benefits of microbiome interventions, particularly intensive multi-donor FMT, for inducing and maintaining remission in UC. Probiotics may also improve outcomes. Adequately powered trials using standardized protocols are still needed to firmly establish efficacy and safety. Microbiome-directed therapies represent a promising approach for improving IBD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Kasapoglu
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Rajesh Yadavalli
- Internal Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Adilabad, IND
| | - Sarosh Nawaz
- Psychiatry, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Abdulaziz Althwanay
- Dermatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Esraa M AlEdani
- Dermatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Harleen Kaur
- Medicine and Surgery, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, IND
| | - Samia Butt
- Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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10
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Yang J, Lin J, Gu T, Sun Q, Xu W, Peng Y. Chicoric Acid Effectively Mitigated Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in BALB/c Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:841. [PMID: 38255916 PMCID: PMC10815209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chicoric acid (CA) has been reported to exhibit biological activities; it remains unclear, however, whether CA could regulate colitis via modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites. This study aimed to assess CA's impact on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, the gut microbiota, and metabolites. Mice were induced with 2.5% DSS to develop colitis over a 7-day period. CA was administered intragastrically one week prior to DSS treatment and continued for 14 days. The microbial composition in the stool was determined using 16S rRNA sequencing, while non-targeted metabolomics was employed to analyze the metabolic profiles of each mouse group. The results show that CA effectively alleviated colitis, as evidenced by an increased colon length, lowered disease activity index (DAI) and histological scores, and decreased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels. CA intervention restored the structure of gut microbiota. Specifically, it decreased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria at the phylum level and Bacteroides, Rosiarcus, and unclassified Xanthobacteraceae at the genus level, and increased the abundance of unclassified Lachnospiraceae at the genus level. Metabolomic analysis revealed that CA supplementation reversed the up-regulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and N-acetylneuraminic acid, as well as the down-regulation of phloroglucinol, thiamine, 4-methyl-5-thiazoleethanol, lithocholic acid, and oxymatrine induced by DSS. Our current research provides scientific evidence for developing CA into an anti-colitis functional food ingredient. Further clinical trials are warranted to elucidate the efficacy and mechanism of CA in treating human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.Y.); (T.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (J.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Ting Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (J.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (J.L.); (Q.S.)
| | - Weidong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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11
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Tosi M, Montanari C, Bona F, Tricella C, Agostinelli M, Dolor J, Chillemi C, Di Profio E, Tagi VM, Vizzuso S, Fiore G, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Pediatric Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5095. [PMID: 38140353 PMCID: PMC10745369 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory status is one of the main drivers in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Specific unhealthy dietary patterns and the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may influence the inflammation process, which negatively modulates the gut microbiota and increases the risk of NCDs. Moreover, several chronic health conditions require special long-term dietary treatment, characterized by altered ratios of the intake of nutrients or by the consumption of disease-specific foods. In this narrative review, we aimed to collect the latest evidence on the pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in children affected by multifactorial diseases but also on the dietetic approaches used as treatment for specific diseases. Considering multifactorial diet-related diseases, the triggering effect of pro-inflammatory diets has been addressed for metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, and the latter for adults only. Future research is required on multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and pediatric cancer, in which the role of inflammation is emerging. For diseases requiring special diets, the role of single or multiple foods, possibly associated with inflammation, was assessed, but more studies are needed. The evidence collected highlighted the need for health professionals to consider the entire dietary pattern, providing balanced and healthy diets not only to permit the metabolic control of the disease itself, but also to prevent the development of NCDs in adolescence and adulthood. Personalized nutritional approaches, in close collaboration between the hospital, country, and families, must always be promoted together with the development of new methods for the assessment of pro-inflammatory dietary habits in pediatric age and the implementation of telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tosi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bona
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chiara Tricella
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jonabell Dolor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Claudia Chillemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Maria Tagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
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12
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de Oliveira Vieira KC, da Silva ABB, Felício SA, Lira FS, de Figueiredo C, Bezirtzoglou E, Pereira VC, Nakagaki WR, Nai GA, Winkelströter LK. Orange juice containing Pediococcus acidilactici CE51 modulates the intestinal microbiota and reduces induced inflammation in a murine model of colitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18513. [PMID: 37898635 PMCID: PMC10613252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of inflammatory bowel diseases has been widely investigated, especially ulcerative colitis. Thus, studies with the application of new probiotic products are needed in the prevention/treatment of these clinical conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of probiotic orange juice containing Pediococcus acidilactici CE51 in a murine model of colitis. 45 male Swiss lineage mice were used, divided into five groups (n = 9): control, colitis, colitis + probiotic (probiotic orange juice containing CE51), colitis + placebo (orange juice) and colitis + sulfasalazine (10 mg/kg/Weight). The induction of colitis was performed with dextran sodium sulfate (3%). The treatment time was 5 and 15 days after induction. Histopathological analysis, serum measurements of TNF-α and C-reactive protein and metagenomic analysis of feces were performed after euthanasia. Probiotic treatment reduced inflammation in the small intestine, large intestine and spleen. The probiotic did not alter the serum dosages of TNF-α and C-reactive protein. Their use maintained the quantitative ratio of the phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increased Lactobacillus helveticus with 15 days of treatment (p < 0.05). The probiotic orange juice containing P. acidilactici CE51 positively modulated the gut microbiota composition and attenuated the inflammation induced in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolinny Cristiny de Oliveira Vieira
- Health Sciences Faculty, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Batista da Silva
- Master in Health Science, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Suelen Aparecida Felício
- Master in Health Science, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Fábio Santos Lira
- Department of Physical Education, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Caíque de Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Education, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Valéria Cataneli Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
- Master in Health Science, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Wilson Romero Nakagaki
- Health Sciences Faculty, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
- Master in Health Science, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Gisele Alborghetti Nai
- Health Sciences Faculty, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil
| | - Lizziane Kretli Winkelströter
- Health Sciences Faculty, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Cidade Universitária, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil.
- Master in Health Science, UNOESTE (University of Western Sao Paulo), 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, 19050-920, Brazil.
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13
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Mitra AK, Asala AF, Malone S, Mridha MK. Effects of Probiotics in Adults with Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Diseases 2023; 11:138. [PMID: 37873782 PMCID: PMC10594472 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been widely used in gastroenteritis due to acute and chronic illnesses. However, evidence supporting the effectiveness of probiotics in different health conditions is inconclusive and conflicting. The aim of this study was to review the existing literature on the effects of probiotics on gastroenteritis among adults. Only original articles on clinical trials that demonstrated the effects of probiotics in adults with gastroenteritis were used for this analysis. Multiple databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and Scopus databases, were searched for the data. The study followed standard procedures for data extraction using a PRISMA flow chart. A quality appraisal of the selected studies was conducted using CADIMA. Finally, a meta-analysis was performed. Thirty-five articles met the selection criteria; of them, probiotics were found effective in the treatment and/or prevention of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in 17 (49%), and the treatment of pouchitis in 4 (11.4%), antibiotic-induced diarrhea in 3 (8.6%), Helicobacter pylori infection in 2 (5.7%) and diverticulitis in 1 (2.9%), while the remaining 7 (20%) were ineffective, and 1 study's results were inconclusive. The meta-analysis did not demonstrate any significant protective effects of probiotics. Having a τ2 value of zero and I2 of 6%, the studies were homogeneous and had minimum variances. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the beneficial effects of probiotics in IBDs and other chronic bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal K. Mitra
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Adetoun F. Asala
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
- Office of Preventive Heath, Mississippi State Department of Health, Ridgeland, MS 39157, USA
| | - Shelia Malone
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (A.F.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Malay Kanti Mridha
- Brac James P. Grant School of Public Health, Center for Non-Communicable Disease and Nutrition, Brac University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh;
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14
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Effects of Fermented Food Consumption on Non-Communicable Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040687. [PMID: 36832762 PMCID: PMC9956079 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal flora consists of several microbial strains in variable combinations in both healthy and sick humans. To prevent the risk of the onset of disease and perform normal metabolic and physiological functions with improved immunity, a balance between the host and gastrointestinal flora must be maintained. Disruption of the gut microbiota triggered by various factors causes several health problems, which promote the progression of diseases. Probiotics and fermented foods act as carriers of live environmental microbes and play a vital role in maintaining good health. These foods have a positive effect on the consumer by promoting gastrointestinal flora. Recent research suggests that the intestinal microbiome is important in reducing the risk of the onset of various chronic diseases, including cardiac disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, several cancers, and type 2 diabetes. The review provides an updated knowledge base about the scientific literature addressing how fermented foods influence the consumer microbiome and promote good health with prevention of non-communicable diseases. In addition, the review proves that the consumption of fermented foods affects gastrointestinal flora in the short and long term and can be considered an important part of the diet.
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15
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Awasthi A, Corrie L, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Kumar B, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Eri RD, Dua K, Singh SK. Gut Dysbiosis and Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Role of Probiotics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112543. [PMID: 36432734 PMCID: PMC9699533 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a multifactorial disease and one of the complications of diabetes. The global burden of DFU in the health sector is increasing at a tremendous rate due to its cost management related to hospitalization, medical costs and foot amputation. Hence, to manage DFU/DWs, various attempts have been made, including treating wounds systematically/topically using synthetic drugs, herbal drugs, or tissue engineering based surgical dressings. However, less attention has been paid to the intrinsic factors that are also the leading cause of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. One such factor is gut dysbiosis, which is one of the major causes of enhancing the counts of Gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria produce lipopolysaccharides, which are a major contributing factor toward insulin resistance and inflammation due to the generation of oxidative stress and immunopathy. These all lead to DM and DFU. Probiotics are the commercial form of beneficial gut microbes that are taken as nutraceuticals by people of all ages to improve gut immunity and prevent gut dysbiosis. However, the role of probiotics has been less explored in the management of DFU. Hence, the therapeutic potential of probiotics in managing DFU is fully described in the current review. This report covers the linkage between gut dysbiosis and DFU, sources of probiotics, the mechanisms of probiotics in DW healing, and the impact of probiotic supplementation in treating DFU. In addition, techniques for the stabilization of probiotics, market status, and patents related to probiotics have been also covered. The relevant data were gathered from PubMed, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Our systematic review discusses the utilization of probiotic supplementation as a nutraceutical for the management of DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Rajaraman D. Eri
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.D.E.); or (S.K.S.); Tel.: +61-363245467 (R.D.E.); +91-9888720835 (S.K.S.)
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Correspondence: (R.D.E.); or (S.K.S.); Tel.: +61-363245467 (R.D.E.); +91-9888720835 (S.K.S.)
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16
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Role of Probiotics in Human Health. Cureus 2022; 14:e31313. [PMID: 36514580 PMCID: PMC9733784 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain bacteria, known as probiotics, have had a vastly beneficial effect on people's health; considering their benefits they have been mixed with a wide variety of foods for several decades now. The ability of probiotics to modify the immunological response of the host, antagonize pathogenic microbes, or compete for adhesion sites with pathogenic microorganisms is related to the action of probiotics against microorganisms. Infections of the digestive tract, irritable bowel, lactose intolerance, allergies, infections of the urogenital tract, cystic fibrosis, and various cancers can all be prevented and treated with the use of probiotics. They can reduce the side effects of various antibodies. In the field of oral health, dental caries, periodontal disease, and bad breath can be prevented and treated with the use of probiotics. The findings of several of these clinical studies indicate that probiotics may be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of various diseases and health issues. Validation of a significant number of these clinical investigations is necessary before the results can be applied to the clinical setting. Clinical studies play an important part in such investigations, and in the not-too-distant future, the outcomes of such trials will determine whether or not probiotics are effective in the treatment of disease. This article will attempt to provide a summary of the available literature on the benefits that these probiotics have with regard to health and disease. Probiotics are foods and/or supplements that contain non-pathogenic microbes such as bacteria and yeast that colonize the gut and can potentially yield a variety of health benefits. Research into the various ways in which probiotic bacteria could be used in the treatment of intestinal disorders is ongoing. Thanks to clinical studies and laboratory experiments, we now know more about how probiotics affect gut microbiome disorders. Studies can prove that probiotics can alleviate a variety of gastrointestinal ailments and improve overall health. This article concentrates on probiotics and commensal microbes, as well as their potential role in gut microbiome-related illnesses. In this section, we mark certain areas that need further work and studies so as to enhance our understanding of how probiotics help in the treatment and reduction of chances of gastrointestinal diseases.
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Sharma TT, Rabizadeh RR, Prabhakar VS, Bury MI, Sharma AK. Evolving Experimental Platforms to Evaluate Ulcerative Colitis. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200018. [PMID: 35866469 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial disease defined by chronic intestinal inflammation with idiopathic origins. It has a predilection to affect the mucosal lining of the large intestines and rectum. Management of UC depends upon numerous factors that include disease pathogenesis and severity that are maintained via medical or surgical means. Chronic inflammation that is left untreated or managed poorly from a clinical stance can result in intestinal ulceration accompanied by resulting physiological dysfunction. End-stage UC is mediated by surgical intervention with the resection of diseased tissue. This can lead to numerous health-related quality of life issues but is considered a curative approach. Regimens to treat UC are ever evolving and find their basis within various platforms to evaluate and treat UC. Numerous modeling systems have been examined to delineate potential mechanisms of action. However, UC is a heterogenous disease spanning unknown genetic origins coupled with environmental factors that can influence disease outcomes and related treatment procedures. Unfortunately, there is no one-size-fits-all model to fully assess all facets of UC. Within the context of this review article, the utility of various approaches that have been employed to gain insight into different aspects of UC will be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany T Sharma
- Lurie Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Urology, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rebecca R Rabizadeh
- Lurie Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Urology, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Vibhav S Prabhakar
- Lurie Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Urology, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Matthew I Bury
- Lurie Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Urology, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Lurie Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Urology, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,McCormick School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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18
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Li L, Liu T, Gu Y, Wang X, Xie R, Sun Y, Wang B, Cao H. Regulation of gut microbiota-bile acids axis by probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974305. [PMID: 36211363 PMCID: PMC9539765 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammation of gastrointestinal tract, with steadily increased incidence and prevalence worldwide. Although the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, gut microbiota, bile acids (BAs), and aberrant immune response play essential roles in the development of IBD. Lately, gut dysbiosis including certain decreased beneficial bacteria and increased pathogens and aberrant BAs metabolism have been reported in IBD. The bacteria inhabited in human gut have critical functions in BA biotransformation. Patients with active IBD have elevated primary and conjugated BAs and decreased secondary BAs, accompanied by the impaired transformation activities (mainly deconjugation and 7α-dehydroxylation) of gut microbiota. Probiotics have exhibited certain positive effects by different mechanisms in the therapy of IBD. This review discussed the effectiveness of probiotics in certain clinical and animal model studies that might involve in gut microbiota-BAs axis. More importantly, the possible mechanisms of probiotics on regulating gut microbiota-BAs axis in IBD were elucidated, which we focused on the elevated gut bacteria containing bile salt hydrolase or BA-inducible enzymes at genus/species level that might participate in the BA biotransformation. Furthermore, beneficial effects exerted by activation of BA-activated receptors on intestinal immunity were also summarized, which might partially explain the protect effects and mechanisms of probiotics on IBD. Therefore, this review will provide new insights into a better understanding of probiotics in the therapy targeting gut microbiota-BAs axis of IBD.
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Tiwari SK. Bacteriocin-Producing Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria in Controlling Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:851140. [PMID: 35651753 PMCID: PMC9149203 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.851140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several strains of lactic acid bacteria are potent probiotics and can cure a variety of diseases using different modes of actions. These bacteria produce antimicrobial peptides, bacteriocins, which inhibit or kill generally closely related bacterial strains and other pathogenic bacteria such as Listeria, Clostridium, and Salmonella. Bacteriocins are cationic peptides that kill the target cells by pore formation and the dissipation of cytosolic contents, leading to cell death. Bacteriocins are also known to modulate native microbiota and host immunity, affecting several health-promoting functions of the host. In this review, we have discussed the ability of bacteriocin-producing probiotic lactic acid bacteria in the modulation of gut microbiota correcting dysbiosis and treatment/maintenance of a few important human disorders such as chronic infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, and cancer.
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Efficacy of Probiotics-Based Interventions as Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Recent Update. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3546-3567. [PMID: 35844369 PMCID: PMC9280206 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp. play an important role in human health as they embark beneficial effect on the human gastrointestinal microflora composition and immune system. Dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal microbial composition has been identified as a major contributor to chronic inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Higher prevalence of IBD is often recorded in most of the developed Western countries, but recent data has shown an increase in previously regarded as lower risk regions, such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and India. Although the IBD etiology remains a subject of speculation, the disease is likely to have developed because of interaction between extrinsic environmental elements; the host’s immune system, and the gut microbial composition. Compared to conventional treatments, probiotics and probiotic-based interventions including the introduction of specific prebiotics, symbiotic and postbiotic products had been demonstrated as more promising therapeutic measures. The present review discusses the association between gut dysbiosis, the pathogenesis of IBD, and risk factors leading to gut dysbiosis. In addition, it discusses recent studies focused on the alteration of the gastrointestinal microbiome as an effective therapy for IBD. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and other viral infections on IBD are also discussed in this review. Clinical and animal-based studies have shown that probiotic-based therapies can restore the gastrointestinal microbiota balance and reduce gut inflammations. Therefore, this review also assesses the status quo of these microbial-based therapies for the treatment of IBD. A better understanding of the mechanisms of their actions on modulating altered gut microbiota is required to enhance the effectiveness of the IBD therapeutics.
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El-Sahhar S, Varga-Weisz P. The gut microbiome in health and disease: Inflammatory bowel diseases. ADV ECOL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Martyniak A, Medyńska-Przęczek A, Wędrychowicz A, Skoczeń S, Tomasik PJ. Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, Paraprobiotics and Postbiotic Compounds in IBD. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121903. [PMID: 34944546 PMCID: PMC8699341 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the increasing severity of the course of these diseases create the need for developing new methods of therapy. The gut microbiome is extensively studied as a factor influencing the development and course of IBD. The composition of intestinal microbiota can be relatively easily modified by diet (i.e., prebiotics, mainly dietary fibers) and bacterial supplementation using beneficial bacteria strains called probiotics. Additionally, the effects of the improved microbiome could be enhanced or gained by using paraprobiotics (non-viable, inactivated bacteria or their components) and/or postbiotics (products of bacterial metabolism or equal synthetic products that beneficially modulate immunological response and inflammation). This study summarizes the recent works on prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics (products merging pre- and probiotics), paraprobiotics and postbiotics in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Martyniak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Medyńska-Przęczek
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.-P.); (A.W.)
| | - Andrzej Wędrychowicz
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.-P.); (A.W.)
| | - Szymon Skoczeń
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Przemysław J. Tomasik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Zhu H, Lu C, Gao F, Qian Z, Yin Y, Kan S, Chen D. Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98 attenuates irinotecan-induced intestinal and hepatic toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112192. [PMID: 34649340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a camptothecin chemotherapy drug largely used in treating cancers. However, its strong adverse effects, such as gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicities, tend to reduce the patients' life qualities and to limit the clinical use of CPT-11. The protective roles of selenium (Se) and probiotics against CPT-11-induced toxicity have been widely reported. However, the application of Se-enriched probiotics in the adjuvant therapy of CPT-11 has not been well explored. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of Se-enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98 (Se-B. longum DD98) as a chemotherapy preventive agent on alleviating intestinal and hepatic toxicities induced by CPT-11 chemotherapy. The results showed that Se-B. longum DD98 positively regulated the aberrant cell viability and oxidative stress induced by CPT-11 both in human normal liver (L-02) and rat small intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cell lines. In vivo experiment revealed that Se-B. longum DD98 significantly attenuated intestinal and hepatic toxicities by ameliorating symptoms such as body weight loss and diarrhea, and by improving the biochemical indicators of hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. Furthermore, we discovered that the protective effects of Se-B. longum DD98 based largely upon decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and enhancing the expression of tight-junction proteins occludin and ZO-1, as well as restoring the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. Results suggested that Se-B. longum DD98 effectively protected livers and intestines against the CPT-11-induced damages, and therefore, could be considered as a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent with CPT-11 for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhixiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shidong Kan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Daijie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Probiotics Regulate Gut Microbiota: An Effective Method to Improve Immunity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196076. [PMID: 34641619 PMCID: PMC8512487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are beneficial active microorganisms that colonize the human intestines and change the composition of the flora in particular parts of the host. Recently, the use of probiotics to regulate intestinal flora to improve host immunity has received widespread attention. Recent evidence has shown that probiotics play significant roles in gut microbiota composition, which can inhibit the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine, help the host build a healthy intestinal mucosa protective layer, and enhance the host immune system. Based on the close relationship between the gut microbiota and human immunity, it has become an extremely effective way to improve human immunity by regulating the gut microbiome with probiotics. In this review, we discussed the influence of probiotics on the gut microbiota and human immunity, and the relationship between immunity, probiotics, gut microbiota, and life quality. We further emphasized the regulation of gut microflora through probiotics, thereby enhancing human immunity and improving people’s lives.
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Reque PM, Brandelli A. Encapsulation of probiotics and nutraceuticals: Applications in functional food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhang XF, Guan XX, Tang YJ, Sun JF, Wang XK, Wang WD, Fan JM. Clinical effects and gut microbiota changes of using probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2855-2875. [PMID: 33555375 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Probiotics have been reported to be beneficial for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the types, number of strains, dosage, and intervention time of probiotics used remain controversial. Furthermore, the changes of gut microbiota in IBD's patients are also intriguing. Thus, this meta-analysis was to explore the clinical effects and gut microbiota changes of using probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in IBD. METHODS The search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane library from inception to April 2020. Qualified randomized controlled trials were included. IBD's remission rate, disease activity index and recurrence rate were extracted and analyzed. Changes in the gut microbiota of patients with IBD are comprehensively described. RESULTS Thirty-eight articles were included. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics can induce/maintain IBD's remission and reduce ulcerative colitis (UC) disease activity index (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.26, P < 0.05; SMD = 1.00, 95% CI 0.27, 1.73, P < 0.05). In subgroup analyses of IBD remission rate and UC disease activity index, we obtained some statistically significant results in some subgroup (P < 0.05). To some extent, probiotic supplements can increase the number of beneficial bacteria (especially Bifidobacteria) in the intestinal tract of patients with IBD. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the treatment of IBD (especially UC) with pro/pre/synbiotics, and synbiotics are more effective. Probiotic supplements that are based on Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium or more than one strain are more likely to be beneficial for IBD remission. The dose of 1010-1012 CFU/day may be a reference range for using probiotics to relieve IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Xian Guan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Jun Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jin-Feng Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Kai Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Dong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Ming Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Preda CM, Manuc T, Chifulescu A, Istratescu D, Louis E, Baicus C, Sandra I, Diculescu MM, Reenaers C, van Kemseke C, Nitescu M, Tieranu C, Popescu M, Tugui L, Andrei A, Ciora CA, Gherorghe IS, Manuc M. Diet as an environmental trigger in inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective comparative study in two European cohorts. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2021; 112:440-447. [PMID: 32450704 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.6552/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS inflammatory bowel disease development has been associated with several environmental factors, among which, diet can play a key role, probably due to a westernized lifestyle. However, its involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult to demonstrate. The aim of this study was to analyze dietary composition in a Romanian and Belgian population with IBD. METHODS an observational retrospective comparative study was performed using two European cohorts (Romanian and Belgian). The IBD group included 76 Romanian and 53 Belgian patients with an IBD diagnosis, while the control group included a total of 56 healthy people (35 Romanians and 21 Belgians). All subjects were interviewed and asked to fill in a questionnaire regarding diet. RESULTS in the entire IBD cohort (Romanian + Belgian), a significantly increased consumption of sweets (OR 3.36 [95 % CI 1.6,7]), processed and high fat meat (OR 2.5 [95 % CI 1.4, 4.7], fried food (OR 9.5 [3.8, 23.6]), salt (OR 2.8 [1.5, 5.3]), ice cream (OR 3.25 [1.1, 9.8]), mayonnaise (OR 3.49 [1.1, 10.3]), margarine (OR 5.63 [1.64, 19.33]) and chips/nachos/other snacks (OR 2.3 [0.97, 5.73]) were found compared to the healthy control group. The intake of seeds, nuts (OR 0.26 [0.14, 0.52]) and yoghurt consumption (OR 0.44 [0.23, 0.83]) was lower in the IBD group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION a westernized diet with increased consumption of sweets, processed food, high fat meat, fried food, salt, margarine, snacks, ice cream and mayonnaise seems to be a risk factor for IBD in Romanian and Belgian IBD patients. Intake of seeds, nuts and yoghurt may be a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodora Manuc
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Clinic Fundeni Institute
| | | | | | - Edouard Louis
- Gastroenterology, University Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Liège
| | - Cristian Baicus
- UMF "Carol Davila" Internal Medicine Department, Colentina Hospital
| | - Irina Sandra
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinic Fundeni Institute
| | | | - Catherine Reenaers
- Gastroenterology, University Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Liège
| | | | - Maria Nitescu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Prof. Dr. Matei Bals
| | - Cristian Tieranu
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Elias Emergency Hospital, ROMANIA
| | - Miruna Popescu
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Clinic Fundeni Institute
| | - Letitia Tugui
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Clinic Fundeni Institute
| | - Adriana Andrei
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Clinic Fundeni Institute
| | | | | | - Mircea Manuc
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Fundeni Clinical Institute
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Liang X, Wang P, Lian K, Han F, Tang Y, Zhang S, Zhang W. APB-13 improves the adverse outcomes caused by TGEV infection by correcting the intestinal microbial disorders in piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:69-77. [PMID: 34075636 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an enteric coronavirus that has caused high morbidity and mortality of piglets worldwide. Previous studies have shown that the TGEV can lead to severe diarrhoea, vomiting and dehydration in 2-week-old piglets and weaned piglets, resulting in a large number of piglet deaths. Antimicrobial peptides have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and a strong killing effect on bacteria, especially on the drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and it has attracted broad concern. However, there are very few reports on the effect of APB-13 (an antimicrobial peptide) on the intestinal microbes of piglets infected with TGEV. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to compare the microbial phylum and the genus of piglet's enteric microorganism in different experimental groups, and to predict the metabolic function of the microbial flora. At the same time, the apparent digestibility of nutrients, digestive enzyme activity, daily weight gain and survival rate were also measured. TGEV infection could cause the imbalance of intestinal microbes in piglets, and increase of the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, and decrease of the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteri. With the addition of APB-13, this problem can be alleviated, which can reduce the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and improve the balance of intestinal microorganisms. At the microbial genus level, after adding APB-13, the relative abundance of Catenibacterium, Enterobacter and Streptococcus in the intestinal tract of piglets infected with TGEV showed significant decrease, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus increased. Finally, we found that APB-13 can significantly increase the activity of digestive enzyme in the intestinal tract of piglet, thereby improving the apparent digestibility of nutrients and the growth performance of piglets. This study demonstrates that APB-13 can alleviate the adverse outcomes caused by TGEV infection by correcting the intestinal microbial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Liang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Pengtao Wang
- College of Animal Husbandry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiqi Lian
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Fangfang Han
- College of Animal Husbandry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajie Tang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Shouming Zhang
- Anyang City Animal Product Quality Safety Monitoring and Inspection Center, Anyang, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Ashaolu TJ, Fernández-Tomé S. Gut mucosal and adipose tissues as health targets of the immunomodulatory mechanisms of probiotics. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Compare D, Sgamato C, Nardone OM, Rocco A, Coccoli P, Laurenza C, Nardone G. Probiotics in Gastrointestinal Diseases: All that Glitters Is Not Gold. Dig Dis 2021; 40:123-132. [PMID: 33752212 DOI: 10.1159/000516023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple lines of evidence now support the notion that gut microbiota can contribute to digestive and extra-digestive diseases. The emergence of these observations enabled to postulate a bacteria-centric paradigm to rethink the treatment of many diseases. The goal of therapy should not be to eradicate the flora but to modify it in a way that leads to symptomatic improvement; thus, the interest in the use of probiotics to modulate microbiota composition has increased worldwide in both community and healthcare settings. SUMMARY The results of published studies are conflicting for most probiotic strains and formulations, and clinicians and consumers need a better understanding of probiotic risks and benefits. Currently, clear guidelines on when to use probiotics and the most effective probiotic for different gastrointestinal conditions are still lacking. Here, we reviewed the studies on the use of probiotics in some diseases of relevant interest to gastroenterologists, such as Helicobacter pylori infection, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. Key Message: Although the evidence is relevant and promising for probiotics in general, and for specific strains and combinations of strains, it is not yet sufficient to draw unequivocal conclusions and clear recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Compare
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Costantino Sgamato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Maria Nardone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alba Rocco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Coccoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Laurenza
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Fecal Microbiome and Resistome Profiling of Healthy and Diseased Pakistani Individuals Using Next-Generation Sequencing. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030616. [PMID: 33802711 PMCID: PMC8002588 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we aimed to characterize the fecal microbiome and its resistomes of healthy and diseased subjects infected with multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli using next-generation sequencing (NGS). After initial screening, 26 stools samples belonging to healthy (n = 13) and diseased subjects (n = 13) were selected and subjected to NGS. A total of 23 and 42 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) conferring resistance to 6 and 9 classes of antibiotics were identified in the resistomes of healthy and diseased subjects, respectively. Bacteroidetes were found to be the major phylum in both healthy and diseased subjects; however, Proteobacteria was predominantly present in the diseased subjects only. Microbial dysbiosis and predominance of various ARGs in the resistome of diseased subjects reflect the excessive usage of antibiotics in Pakistan and warrants immediate attention to regulate the use of various antimicrobials.
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Davoodvandi A, Marzban H, Goleij P, Sahebkar A, Morshedi K, Rezaei S, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Tarrahimofrad H, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Effects of therapeutic probiotics on modulation of microRNAs. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:4. [PMID: 33430873 PMCID: PMC7798223 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that exist within the human gut, and which are also present in different food products and supplements. They have been investigated for some decades, due to their potential beneficial impact on human health. Probiotics compete with pathogenic microorganisms for adhesion sites within the gut, to antagonize them or to regulate the host immune response resulting in preventive and therapeutic effects. Therefore, dysbiosis, defined as an impairment in the gut microbiota, could play a role in various pathological conditions, such as lactose intolerance, gastrointestinal and urogenital infections, various cancers, cystic fibrosis, allergies, inflammatory bowel disease, and can also be caused by antibiotic side effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. miRNAs are biochemical biomarkers that play an important role in almost all cellular signaling pathways in many healthy and disease states. For the first time, the present review summarizes current evidence suggesting that the beneficial properties of probiotics could be explained based on the pivotal role of miRNAs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology,Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Korosh Morshedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Rezaei
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Tobita K, Hoshi F, Ohki T, Watanabe I. Protein denature extracts of Lactobacillus crispatus KT-11 strain promote interleukin 12p40 production via Toll-like receptor 2 in J774.1 cell culture. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13599. [PMID: 33368417 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to investigate the mechanism and the cell components of Lactobacillus crispatus KT-11 strain (KT-11) that induce interleukin (IL)-12p40 production. IL-12p40 production induced by KT-11 was decreased in the presence of inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase or nuclear factor kappa B. Guanidine hydrochloride, urea or lithium chloride extract of KT-11 induced IL-12p40 production, but production was suppressed in the presence of Toll-like receptor 2-specific neutralizing antibody. These findings suggest that the protein denature extracts of KT-11 promote IL-12p40 production via Toll-like receptor 2 in J774.1 cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Heat-treated lactic acid bacteria are added to some foods because it is easier to store and transport, and have less interference with other food ingredients compared with living lactic acid bacteria. Heat-treated Lactobacillus crispatus KT-11 strain (KT-11) is included in some foods because of good handling characteristics and good dispersibility in the food product. We have previously reported that the administration of KT-11 led to beneficial health effects through the regulation of the immune system in mice, but the mechanism is not clear. We found that protein denature extracts, which may include proteins such as SLP and SLAPs, of KT-11 cells promoted IL-12p40 production via TLR2 in the J774.1 cell culture. This result will contribute to providing more effective lactic acid bacteria functional food.
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Kowalski R, Gustafson E, Carroll M, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Enhancement of Biological Properties of Blackcurrants by Lactic Acid Fermentation and Incorporation into Yogurt: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121194. [PMID: 33261067 PMCID: PMC7759768 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Blackcurrants (BC) and yogurt are known to possess several health benefits. The objective of this review was to compile the latest information on the effect of lactic acid fermentation on BC and their incorporation into yogurt, including the impact of this combination on chemical composition, sensory aspects, and health attributes of the blend. Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed were used to research the most recent literature on BC juice, the whole BC berry, and yogurt. Health benefits were assessed from human and animal studies within the last 5 years. The results suggest that BC have several health promoting compounds that ameliorate some neurological disorders and improve exercise recovery. Yogurt contains compounds that can be used to manage diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and irritable bowel disease (IBD). Fermenting BC with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and its incorporation into yogurt products increases the polyphenol and antioxidant capacity of BC, creating a blend of prebiotics and probiotics compounds with enhanced benefits. More research is needed in the area of lactic acid fermentation of berries in general, especially BC.
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Saettone V, Biasato I, Radice E, Schiavone A, Bergero D, Meineri G. State-of-the-Art of the Nutritional Alternatives to the Use of Antibiotics in Humans and Monogastric Animals. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122199. [PMID: 33255356 PMCID: PMC7759783 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antibiotic resistance represents a worldwide recognized issue affecting both human and veterinary medicine, with a particular focus being directed towards monogastric animals destined for human consumption. This scenario is the result of frequent utilization of the antibiotics either for therapeutic purposes (humans and animals) or as growth promoters (farmed animals). Therefore, the search for nutritional alternatives has progressively been the object of significant efforts by the scientific community. So far, probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics are considered the most promising products, as they are capable of preventing or treating gastrointestinal diseases as well as restoring a eubiosis condition after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis development. This review provides an updated state-of-the-art of these nutritional alternatives in both humans and monogastric animals. Abstract In recent years, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has been perpetrated across human medicine, animals destined for zootechnical productions and companion animals. Apart from increasing the resistance rate of numerous microorganisms and generating multi-drug resistance (MDR), the nonrational administration of antibiotics causes sudden changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota such as dysbiotic phenomena that can have a great clinical significance for both humans and animals. The aim of this review is to describe the state-of-the-art of alternative therapies to the use of antibiotics and their effectiveness in humans and monogastric animals (poultry, pigs, fish, rabbits, dogs and cats). In particular, those molecules (probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics) which have a direct function on the gastrointestinal health are herein critically analysed in the prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal diseases or dysbiosis induced by the consumption of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Saettone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Ilaria Biasato
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisabetta Radice
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical School, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Domenico Bergero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giorgia Meineri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
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Darb Emamie A, Rajabpour M, Ghanavati R, Asadolahi P, Farzi S, Sobouti B, Darbandi A. The effects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on the reduction of IBD complications, a periodic review during 2009-2020. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1823-1838. [PMID: 33098703 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To perform a systematic review on randomized controlled trials to examine the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in the treatment of IBD. METHODS AND RESULTS PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Google Scholar were systematically searched from January 2009 to January 2020 using the following keywords: 'Inflammatory Bowel Disease', 'Probiotics' and 'Clinical trial'. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24.0. A total of 1832 articles were found during the initial search and 21 clinical trials were eligible. Studies comparing the effects of probiotics and placebo among patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) showed a significant difference in clinical outcomes. Moreover, probiotics improved the overall induction of remission rates among patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Probiotics significantly decreased the IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-8 levels. Also, the need for systemic steroids, hospitalization, surgery, as well as histological score and disease activity index significantly decreased in patients who used probiotic or pro-/synbiotics. CONCLUSIONS The use of probiotics, as food supplements, can induce anti-inflammatory reactions, balance the intestinal homeostasis and induce remission in IBD. The efficacy of probiotics on remission induction is more reported in UC rather than CD. Larger well-designed clinical trials are needed to further determine whether probiotics are of clear benefits for remission in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Darb Emamie
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rajabpour
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Ghanavati
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - P Asadolahi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - S Farzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Sobouti
- Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Darbandi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The Influence of Probiotics on the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio in the Treatment of Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel disease. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111715. [PMID: 33139627 PMCID: PMC7692443 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 737] [Impact Index Per Article: 184.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The two most important bacterial phyla in the gastrointestinal tract, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, have gained much attention in recent years. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio is widely accepted to have an important influence in maintaining normal intestinal homeostasis. Increased or decreased F/B ratio is regarded as dysbiosis, whereby the former is usually observed with obesity, and the latter with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Probiotics as live microorganisms can confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. There is considerable evidence of their nutritional and immunosuppressive properties including reports that elucidate the association of probiotics with the F/B ratio, obesity, and IBD. Orally administered probiotics can contribute to the restoration of dysbiotic microbiota and to the prevention of obesity or IBD. However, as the effects of different probiotics on the F/B ratio differ, selecting the appropriate species or mixture is crucial. The most commonly tested probiotics for modifying the F/B ratio and treating obesity and IBD are from the genus Lactobacillus. In this paper, we review the effects of probiotics on the F/B ratio that lead to weight loss or immunosuppression.
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Bundgaard-Nielsen C, Knudsen J, Leutscher PDC, Lauritsen MB, Nyegaard M, Hagstrøm S, Sørensen S. Gut microbiota profiles of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic literature review. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:1172-1187. [PMID: 32329656 PMCID: PMC7524304 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1748258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has implicated an involvement of the gut-brain axis in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however with highly diverse results. This systematic review aims to describe and evaluate studies investigating the gut microbiota composition in individuals with ASD or ADHD and to evaluate if variations in gut microbiota are associated with these disorders. Twenty-four articles were identified in a systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase up to July 22, 2019. They consisted of 20 studies investigating ASD and four studies investigating ADHD. For ASD, several studies agreed on an overall difference in β-diversity, although no consistent bacterial variation between all studies was reported. For ADHD, the results were more diverse, with no clear differences observed. Several common characteristics in gut microbiota function were identified for ASD compared to controls. In contrast, highly heterogeneous results were reported for ADHD, and thus the association between gut microbiota composition and ADHD remains unclear. For both disorders, methodological differences hampered the comparison of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Bundgaard-Nielsen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,CONTACT Caspar Bundgaard-Nielsen Centre for Clinical Research North Denmark Regional Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark Bispensgade 37, 9800 Hjoerring, Denmark
| | - Julie Knudsen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter D. C. Leutscher
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marlene B. Lauritsen
- Research Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Hagstrøm
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Pediatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Suzette Sørensen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Pabón-Carrasco M, Ramirez-Baena L, Vilar-Palomo S, Castro-Méndez A, Martos-García R, Rodríguez-Gallego I. Probiotics as a Coadjuvant Factor in Active or Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease of Adults-A Meta-Analytical Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092628. [PMID: 32872272 PMCID: PMC7551006 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are pathologies of unknown etiology and auto-immune pathogenia. The use of probiotics is studied in order to increase the arsenal of treatments. The aim was to assess the efficacy of the probiotics in these diseases in the active or quiescent phases; (2) Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by an exhaustive bibliographic search in Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The inclusion criteria were studies of more than 10 years, English/Spanish, clinical trials, and involving human beings. Relative risk was used to compare efficacy, which was meta-analyzed using a fixed effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the Higgins I2 test; (3) Results: Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and 17 in the meta-analysis, with a total of 1537 patients (nexperimental group = 762; nplacebo group = 775). There are significant remission differences in ulcerative colitis (relative risk (RR) = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.72–0.91; I2 = 32%; p = 0.16). However, no significant differences were found in the use of probiotics for the prevention of ulcerative colitis, and for the remission of Crohn’s disease; (4) Conclusions: There are data showing an additional beneficial effect of probiotics on active ulcerative colitis. More and better studies are needed which assess its possible therapeutic efficacy for quiescent ulcerative colitis and for Crohn’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pabón-Carrasco
- Spanish Red Cross Nursing School, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda de la Cruz Roja nº 1 Dpdo, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.P.-C.); (R.M.-G.); (I.R.-G.)
| | - Lucia Ramirez-Baena
- Spanish Red Cross Nursing School, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda de la Cruz Roja nº 1 Dpdo, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.P.-C.); (R.M.-G.); (I.R.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954-350997; Fax: +34-954-350997
| | - Samuel Vilar-Palomo
- Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Unidad de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Av. Manuel Siurot, SN., 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Aurora Castro-Méndez
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podology, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Avenzoar 6, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Raúl Martos-García
- Spanish Red Cross Nursing School, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda de la Cruz Roja nº 1 Dpdo, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.P.-C.); (R.M.-G.); (I.R.-G.)
| | - Isabel Rodríguez-Gallego
- Spanish Red Cross Nursing School, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda de la Cruz Roja nº 1 Dpdo, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.P.-C.); (R.M.-G.); (I.R.-G.)
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Stiemsma LT, Nakamura RE, Nguyen JG, Michels KB. Does Consumption of Fermented Foods Modify the Human Gut Microbiota? J Nutr 2020; 150:1680-1692. [PMID: 32232406 PMCID: PMC7330458 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is a key contributor to many aspects of human health and its composition is largely influenced by diet. There is a growing body of scientific evidence to suggest that gut dysbiosis (microbial imbalance of the intestine) is associated with inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and asthma). Regular consumption of fermented foods (e.g., kimchi, kefir, etc.) may represent a potential avenue to counter the proinflammatory effects of gut dysbiosis. However, an assessment of the available literature in this research area is lacking. Here we provide a critical review of current human intervention studies that analyzed the effect of fermented foods on the composition and/or function of the human gut microbiota. A total of 19 human intervention studies were identified that met this search criteria. In this review, we discuss evidence that consumption of fermented foods may modify the gut microbiota in humans. Further, there is cursory evidence to suggest that gut microbiota compositional changes mediate associations between fermented food consumption and human health outcomes. Although promising, there remains considerable heterogeneity in the human populations targeted in the intervention studies we identified. Larger longitudinal feeding studies with longer follow-up are necessary to confirm and enhance the current data. Further, future studies should consider analyzing microbiota function as a means to elucidate the mechanism linking fermented food consumption with human health. This review highlights methodologic considerations for intervention trials, emphasizing an expanse of research opportunities related to fermented food consumption in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah T Stiemsma
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reine E Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Nguyen
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karin B Michels
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Shah BR, Li B, Al Sabbah H, Xu W, Mráz J. Effects of prebiotic dietary fibers and probiotics on human health: With special focus on recent advancement in their encapsulated formulations. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020; 102:178-192. [PMID: 32834500 PMCID: PMC7309926 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Dietary fibers (DFs) are known as potential formulations in human health due to their beneficial effects in control of life-threatening chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, obesity and cancer. In recent decades scientists around the globe have shown tremendous interest to evaluate the interplay between DFs and gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiota. Evidences from various epidemiological and clinical trials have revealed that DFs modulate formation and metabolic activities of the microbial communities residing in the human GIT which in turn play significant roles in maintaining health and well-being. Furthermore, interestingly, a rapidly growing literature indicates success of DFs being prebiotics in immunomodulation, namely the stimulation of innate, cellular and humoral immune response, which could also be linked with their significant roles in modulation of the probiotics (live beneficial microorganisms). Scope and approach The main focus of the current review is to expressively highlight the importance of DFs being prebiotics in human health in association with their influence on gut microbiota. Now in order to significantly achieve the promising health benefits from these prebiotics, it is aimed to develop novel formulations to enhance and scale up their efficacy. Therefore, finally, herein unlike previously published articles, we highlighted different kinds of prebiotic and probiotic formulations which are being regarded as hot research topics among the scientific community now a days. Conclusion The information in this article will specifically provide a platform for the development of novel functional foods the demands for which has risen drastically in recent years.
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Key Words
- CS, chitosan
- Dietary fiber
- Encapsulation
- FOS, Fructooligosaccharide
- Formulations
- GIT, Gastro intestinal tract
- GO, gum odina
- Gut micro-biota
- Human health
- In, Inulin
- MD, maltodextrin
- OL, oligofructose
- OSA, octenyl-succinic anhydride
- PS, potato starch
- PSY, plantago psyllium
- Prebiotics
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakht Ramin Shah
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haleama Al Sabbah
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jan Mráz
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Silva NOE, de Brito BB, da Silva FAF, Santos MLC, de Melo FF. Probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work? World J Meta-Anal 2020; 8:54-66. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a group of diseases mainly represented by Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has increased in recent decades. As a consequence, the number of people undergoing any drug treatment against these diseases has expanded. However, IBD conventional therapies present several limitations, which lead researchers to look for better alternatives to improve the quality of life of patients. Moreover, microbiome imbalance seems to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IBD, since important alterations in bacterial, viral, protist and fungal populations are observed in the gut microbiota of affected individuals. Given the importance of such life forms in that context, the use of probiotics becomes a plausible alternative for treating affected patients. Trials have been developed aiming the evaluation of probiotics potential to induce and to maintain remission in CD and UC. Regarding the tested microorganisms, various non-pathogenic bacteria and fungi have been assessed. However, consistent results have been obtained only with some of them, including Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, VSL#3, Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. Therefore, this minireview aims to explore the role of microbiota in the genesis of such a disorder and to compile the most concrete data on probiotic-related efficiency in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Oliveira e Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Breno Bittencourt de Brito
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
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Takahashi E, Sawabuchi T, Kimoto T, Sakai S, Kido H. Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 feeding enhances humoral immune responses, which are suppressed by the antiviral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir in influenza A virus-infected mice. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:9559-9569. [PMID: 31495632 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antiviral neuraminidase inhibitors, such as oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir, are widely used for treatment of influenza virus infection. We reported previously that oseltamivir inhibits the viral growth cycle, ameliorates symptoms, and reduces viral antigen quantities. Suppressed viral antigen production, however, induces a reduction of acquired antiviral humoral immunity, and increases the incidence of re-infection rate in the following year. To achieve effective treatment of influenza virus infection, it is necessary to overcome these adverse effects of antiviral neuraminidase inhibitors. Feeding of yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) OLL1073R-1 is reported to have immune-stimulatory effects on influenza virus infection in mice and humans. In the present study, we assessed the effect of feeding L. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 yogurt cultures (YC) on local and systemic humoral immune responses, which were suppressed by oseltamivir treatment, in mice infected with influenza A virus. Yogurt culture (1.14 × 108 cfu/0.4 mL per mouse per day) or sterile water (vehicle) was administered by intragastric gavage for 35 d. At d 22, influenza A virus/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) (PR8; 0.5 pfu/15 μL per mouse) was instilled intranasally, followed immediately by oral administration of oseltamivir (50 μg/100 μL per mouse, twice daily) or 5% methylcellulose (100 μL/mouse) as a vehicle for 13 d. Titers of anti-PR8-specific IgG and IgA in serum and mucosal secretory IgA (S-IgA) and IgG in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed by ELISA at 14 d after infection. Oseltamivir significantly suppressed the induction of anti-PR8-specific IgG and IgA in serum and S-IgA and IgG in BALF after infection. Feeding YC mildly but significantly stimulated production of PR8-specific IgA in serum, S-IgA in BALF, and IgG in serum without changing the IgG2a:IgG1 ratio. We analyzed the neutralizing activities against PR8 in serum and BALF and found that oseltamivir also reduced protective immunity, and YC feeding abrogated this effect. The immune-stimulatory tendency of YC on anti-PR8-specific IgA and IgG titers in serum and BALF was also detected in mice re-infected with PR8, but the effect was insignificant, unlike the effect of YC in the initial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takahashi
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-15-18, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - T Sawabuchi
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-15-18, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - T Kimoto
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-15-18, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - S Sakai
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-15-18, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - H Kido
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, 3-15-18, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-city, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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Implications of the Westernized Diet in the Onset and Progression of IBD. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051033. [PMID: 31072001 PMCID: PMC6566788 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are currently considered multifactorial pathologies in which various combined environmental factors act on a genetic background, giving rise to a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Among the various environmental factors, it now seems clear that the diet plays the major role in IBD onset and progression. Several clinical studies have attempted to understand the impact of diet in the development and progression of these diseases in order to establish useful guidelines for their management. However, the modest and sometimes contradictory results did not lead to the definition of shared dietary suggestions. On the other hand, food fads and recommendations based on anecdotal episodes are often followed by IBD patients to improve their diet. This review provides a critical overview of existing data on the role of diet as a risk factor for IBD. The methodology used was that of analyzing the results of clinical studies conducted on diet and IBD over the last 12 years through PubMed, as well as analyzing the most relevant studies on nutrients and their possible roles in IBD through the knowledge of the mechanisms by which they can modulate the microbiota or the intestinal physiology.
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Swartwout B, Luo XM. Implications of Probiotics on the Maternal-Neonatal Interface: Gut Microbiota, Immunomodulation, and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2840. [PMID: 30559747 PMCID: PMC6286978 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are being investigated for the treatment of autoimmune disease by re-balancing dysbiosis induced changes in the immune system. Pregnancy is a health concern surrounding autoimmune disease, both for the mother and her child. Probiotics for maternity are emerging on the market and have gained significant momentum in the literature. Thus far, evidence supports that probiotics alter the structure of the normal microbiota and the microbiota changes significantly during pregnancy. The interaction between probiotics-induced changes and normal changes during pregnancy is poorly understood. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that the maternal gut microbiota influences the microbiota of offspring, leading to questions on how maternal probiotics may influence the health of neonates. Underpinning the development and balance of the immune system, the microbiota, especially that of the gut, is significantly important, and dysbiosis is an agent of immune dysregulation and autoimmunity. However, few studies exist on the implications of maternal probiotics for the outcome of pregnancy in autoimmune disease. Is it helpful or harmful for mother with autoimmune disease to take probiotics, and would this be protective or pathogenic for her child? Controversy surrounds whether probiotics administered maternally or during infancy are healthful for allergic disease, and their use for autoimmunity is relatively unexplored. This review aims to discuss the use of maternal probiotics in health and autoimmune disease and to investigate their immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Swartwout
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Xin M. Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Yang YJ, Ni YH. Gut microbiota and pediatric obesity/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118 Suppl 1:S55-S61. [PMID: 30509561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Huge amount microorganisms resides in human intestine, and many contribute to the maturation and homeostasis of immune system. The diversity of gut ecology are affected by the gestational age, delivery type, feeding sources, and antibiotics use in neonates. Recent studies pointed out that disturbance of gut microbiota, so called dysbiosis, could result in several pediatric diseases including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), metabolic syndromes, allergic diseases, and inflammatory bowel diseases. However, there are no single species can be proven to play a key factor in pediatric obesity and NAFLD at present. Various probiotics may confer benefit to these gut microbiota-related pediatric diseases. The clinical application is still limited. This review article aimed to elucidate evidently the relationship between gut microbiota and pediatric obesity/NAFLD and to discuss the potential probiotics use in pediatric obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Garrido-Mesa J, Vezza T, Utrilla MP, Chueca N, García F, Rodríguez-Cabezas ME, Gálvez J. Intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii in DSS-induced colitis in mice: Impact on microRNAs expression and gut microbiota composition. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 61:129-139. [PMID: 30236870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial effects exerted by probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are well known, although their exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, and only few studies have focused on their impact on selected miRNAs and the gut microbiota composition. Therefore, our aim was to correlate the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii in the dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) model of mouse colitis and the changes induced in miRNA expression and gut microbiota populations. Probiotic was given orally (5×109 CFU) to C57BL/6 mice for 26 days. After 2 weeks, the colitis was induced adding DSS to the drinking water. Mice were scored daily using a Disease Activity Index (DAI). After sacrifice, the colonic specimens were evaluated by determining the expression of inflammatory markers and micro-RNAs by qRT-PCR. Moreover, changes in microbiota populations were evaluated by pyrosequencing. Probiotic ameliorated the colonic damage induced by DSS, as evidenced by lower DAI values and colonic weight/length compared with untreated mice. The treatment modified the colonic expression of different inflammatory markers and the epithelial integrity proteins, and induced changes in micro-RNAs expression. Moreover, microbiota characterization showed that probiotic treatment increased bacterial diversity, thus ameliorating the dysbiosis produced by DSS-colitis. Saccharomyces boulardii exerted intestinal anti-inflammatory effects in DSS-mouse colitis, through the modulation in the immune response, involving modification of altered miRNA expression, being associated to the improvement of the inflammation-associated dysbiosis in the intestinal lumen, which could be of great interest to control the complex pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Algieri
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Garrido-Mesa
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Vezza
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - M Pilar Utrilla
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Chueca
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Clinical Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Red de Investigación en SIDA, Granada, Spain
| | - Federico García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Clinical Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Red de Investigación en SIDA, Granada, Spain
| | - M Elena Rodríguez-Cabezas
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Gálvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
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Effects of lactobacilli with different regulatory behaviours on tight junctions in mice with dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Garrido-Mesa J, Vezza T, Utrilla MP, Chueca N, Garcia F, Olivares M, Rodríguez-Cabezas ME, Gálvez J. Differential intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus salivarius in DSS mouse colitis: impact on microRNAs expression and microbiota composition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28752563 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To compare the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of two probiotics Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus salivarius in mouse colitis, focusing on their impact on selected miRNAs and microbiota composition. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10): non-colitic, DSS colitic and two colitic groups treated with probiotics (5 × 108 CFU/mouse/day). Both probiotics ameliorated macroscopic colonic damage. They improved the colonic expression of markers involved in the immune response, and the expression of miR-155 and miR-223. L. fermentum also restored miR-150 and miR-143 expression, also linked to the preservation of the intestinal barrier function. Besides, these beneficial effects were associated with the amelioration of the microbiota dysbiosis and a recovery of the SCFAs- and lactic acid-producing bacterial populations, although only L. fermentum improved Chao richness, Pielou evenness and Shannon diversity. Moreover, L. fermentum also restored the Treg cell population in MLNs and the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance. CONCLUSION Both probiotics exerted intestinal anti-inflammatory effects in DSS-mouse colitis, maybe due to their ability to restore the intestinal microbiota homeostasis and modulate the immune response. L. fermentum showed a greater beneficial effect compared to L. salivarius, which makes it more interesting for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Algieri
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Garrido-Mesa
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Vezza
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - M Pilar Utrilla
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natalia Chueca
- Department of Microbiology, ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Federico Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M Elena Rodríguez-Cabezas
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Gálvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Aggarwal A, Sarangi AN, Gaur P, Shukla A, Aggarwal R. Gut microbiome in children with enthesitis-related arthritis in a developing country and the effect of probiotic administration. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 187:480-489. [PMID: 27861762 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In Asia, enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) is the most frequent category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. ERA has a strong association with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 and subclinical gut inflammation. In an HLA-B27 transgenic rat model, the presence of Bacteroides bacteria in the gut appears to cause spondyloarthropathy (SpA). Thus, we studied gut microbiota in children with ERA. Stool specimens from 33 patients with ERA and 14 age-matched healthy controls were studied; none had any gastrointestinal symptom, or had received a drug known to affect gut motility or microbiota in the preceding 6 weeks. From each specimen, a cDNA library for the V3 region of bacterial 16S rRNA was subjected to high-throughput, massively parallel sequencing. Relationship of the specimens was studied using principal co-ordinate analysis (PCoA), and abundances of various bacterial taxa and alpha diversity were compared between groups. In eight patients, a repeat faecal specimen was studied after 12 weeks of probiotic therapy. The 55 specimens yielded a median (range) of 397 315 (102 093-1 502 380) high-quality reads each. In PCoA, gut microbiota from ERA showed a wider dispersion than those from controls. In patients, families Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant and Prevotellaceae were less abundant than in controls. Also, genera Bacteroides, Entercoccus and Klebsiella were over-represented and genus Prevotella was under-represented in ERA patients. Probiotic therapy led to a non-significant increase in Prevotellaceae. Patients with ERA have a dysbiosis in the gut, with increased abundance of Bacteroides and reduction of Prevotella. Probiotic supplementation in a subset of patients did not reverse these changes significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A N Sarangi
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - P Gaur
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Shukla
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Aggarwal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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