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Zhu Z, Geng Y, Ma L, Yao K, Chang R, Ma Y, Li J. Association between CBS gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2328147. [PMID: 38488417 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2328147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies indicate that the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region may be correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive estimate of these associations. METHODS On the basis of searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI databases, we selected 14 case - control studies including 2123 cases and 2368 controls for this meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated accordingly using a fixed-effect or random-effect model. RESULTS The results indicated an increased risk between the CBS T833C gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to CAD under the dominant model (CC+CT vs. TT: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 3.32), recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT: OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.17 ~ 3.03), and homozygous model (CC vs. TT: OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 5.83). In these three genetic models, no significant association was identified for CBS G919A (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.45 ~ 4.82),(AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.93 ~ 2.70),(AA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.40 ~ 6.92) or CBS 844ins68 (II+ID vs. DD: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80 ~ 1.35),(II vs. ID+DD: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.36),(II vs. DD: OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.39). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the CBS T833C gene polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of CAD and it shows a stronger association in Asian populations. Individuals with the C allele of the CBS gene T833C polymorphism might be particularly susceptible to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Zhu
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keying Yao
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruitong Chang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongming Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialong Li
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
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2
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Xue D, Hajat A, Fohner AE. Conceptual frameworks for the integration of genetic and social epidemiology in complex diseases. GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 8:100156. [PMID: 39104369 PMCID: PMC11299589 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2024.100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the root causes of complex diseases requires complex approaches, yet many studies continue to isolate the effects of genetic and social determinants of disease. Epidemiologic efforts that under-utilize genetic epidemiology methods and findings may lead to incomplete understanding of disease. Meanwhile, genetic epidemiology studies are often conducted without consideration of social and environmental context, limiting the public health impact of genomic discoveries. This divide endures despite shared goals and increases in interdisciplinary data due to a lack of shared theoretical frameworks and differing language. Here, we demonstrate that bridging epidemiological divides does not require entirely new ways of thinking. Existing social epidemiology frameworks including Ecosocial theory and Fundamental Cause Theory, can both be extended to incorporate principles from genetic epidemiology. We show that genetic epidemiology can strengthen, rather than detract from, efforts to understand the impact of social determinants of health. In addition to presenting theoretical synergies, we offer practical examples of how genetics can improve the public health impact of epidemiology studies across the field. Ultimately, we aim to provide a guiding framework for trainees and established epidemiologists to think about diseases and complex systems and foster more fruitful collaboration between genetic and traditional epidemiological disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Xue
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Room H-690, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anjum Hajat
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Hans Rosling Population Health Building, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alison E. Fohner
- Institute for Public Health Genetics, University of Washington School of Public Health, 1959 NE Pacific St, Room H-690, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Hans Rosling Population Health Building, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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3
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Cheng K, Zhai Q, Song J, Liu B. The Co-pathogenic Target Gene CNTN1 Involved in Coronary Artery Disease and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Has Potential for Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease. Anatol J Cardiol 2024; 28:381-392. [PMID: 39087405 PMCID: PMC11317787 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2024.4331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to find a gene for coronary artery disease (CAD) early diagnosis by detecting co-pathogenic target gene involved in CAD and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
Methods: Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including GSE113079, GSE113439, and GSE12288, to investigate gene expression patterns in cardiovascular diseases. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify gene modules associated with clinical traits. Differential gene expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were carried out. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. JASPAR database and FIMO tool were utilized to predict transcription factor (TF) binding sites.
Results: Fifteen key genes were identified in CAD and PAH, with CNTN1 being prioritized for further investigation due to its high connectivity degree. Upstream regulation analysis identified potential TFs (DRGX, HOXD3, and RAX) and 7 miRNAs targeting CNTN1. The expression profile of CNTN1 was significantly upregulated in CAD samples, and ROC analysis indicated potential diagnostic value for CAD. CMap database analysis predicted potential targeted drugs for CAD.
Conclusion: CNTN1 was detected as a co-pathogenetic gene for CAD and PAH. It is highly expressed in CAD patients and has potential value for CAD diagnosis. CNTN1 is potentially regulated by 3 TFs and 7 miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qixuan Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jieqiong Song
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong Province, China
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4
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Quinn M, Zhang RYK, Bello I, Rye KA, Thomas SR. Myeloperoxidase as a Promising Therapeutic Target after Myocardial Infarction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:788. [PMID: 39061857 PMCID: PMC11274265 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) remain leading causes of death and disability worldwide. CAD begins with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques within the intimal layer of the coronary arteries, a process driven by persistent arterial inflammation and oxidation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a mammalian haem peroxidase enzyme primarily expressed within neutrophils and monocytes, has been increasingly recognised as a key pro-inflammatory and oxidative enzyme promoting the development of vulnerable coronary atherosclerotic plaques that are prone to rupture, and can precipitate a MI. Mounting evidence also implicates a pathogenic role for MPO in the inflammatory process that follows a MI, which is characterised by the rapid infiltration of activated neutrophils into the damaged myocardium and the release of MPO. Excessive and persistent cardiac inflammation impairs normal cardiac healing post-MI, resulting in adverse cardiac outcomes and poorer long-term cardiac function, and eventually heart failure. This review summarises the evidence for MPO as a significant oxidative enzyme contributing to the inappropriate inflammatory responses driving the progression of CAD and poor cardiac healing after a MI. It also details the proposed mechanisms underlying MPO's pathogenic actions and explores MPO as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of unstable CAD and cardiac damage post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shane R. Thomas
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Pietruszyńska-Reszetarska A, Pietruszyński R, Irzmański R. The Significance of Genetically Determined Methylation and Folate Metabolism Disorders in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease: A Target for New Therapies? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6924. [PMID: 39000032 PMCID: PMC11241586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylation is a biochemical process involving the addition of a methyl group (-CH3) to various chemical compounds. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the endothelium, which lines the interior surface of blood vessels, and has been linked, among other conditions, to coronary artery disease (CAD). Despite significant progress in CAD diagnosis and treatment, intensive research continues into genotypic and phenotypic CAD biomarkers. This review explores the significance of the methylation pathway and folate metabolism in CAD pathogenesis, with a focus on endothelial dysfunction resulting from deficiency in the active form of folate (5-MTHF). We discuss emerging areas of research into CAD biomarkers and factors influencing the methylation process. By highlighting genetically determined methylation disorders, particularly the MTHFR polymorphism, we propose the potential use of the active form of folate (5-MTHF) as a novel CAD biomarker and personalized pharmaceutical for selected patient groups. Our aim is to improve the identification of individuals at high risk of CAD and enhance their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Pietruszyński
- Cardiology Outpatient Clinic, Military Medical Academy Memorial Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz—Central Veterans’ Hospital, 90-549 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Robert Irzmański
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
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6
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Mehvari S, Karimian Fathi N, Saki S, Asadnezhad M, Arzhangi S, Ghodratpour F, Mohseni M, Zare Ashrafi F, Sadeghian S, Boroumand M, Shokohizadeh F, Rostami E, Boroumand R, Najafipour R, Malekzadeh R, Riazalhosseini Y, Akbari M, Lathrop M, Najmabadi H, Hosseini K, Kahrizi K. Contribution of genetic variants in the development of familial premature coronary artery disease in a cohort of cardiac patients. Clin Genet 2024; 105:611-619. [PMID: 38308583 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. Heritable factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAD. It has been proposed that approximately one-third of patients with CAD have a positive family history, and individuals with such history are at ~1.5-fold increased risk of CAD in their lifespans. Accordingly, the long-recognized familial clustering of CAD is a strong risk factor for this disease. Our study aimed to identify candidate genetic variants contributing to CAD by studying a cohort of 60 large Iranian families with at least two members in different generations afflicted with premature CAD (PCAD), defined as established disease at ≤45 years in men and ≤55 years in women. Exome sequencing was performed for a subset of the affected individuals, followed by prioritization and Sanger sequencing of candidate variants in all available family members. Subsequently, apparently healthy carriers of potential risk variants underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), followed by co-segregation analysis of the combined data. Putative causal variants were identified in seven genes, ABCG8, CD36, CYP27A1, PIK3C2G, RASSF9, RYR2, and ZFYVE21, co-segregating with familial PCAD in seven unrelated families. Among these, PIK3C2G, RASSF9, and ZFYVE21 are novel candidate CAD susceptibility genes. Our findings indicate that rare variants in genes identified in this study are involved in CAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mehvari
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Karimian Fathi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Saki
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Asadnezhad
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Arzhangi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghodratpour
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohseni
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzane Zare Ashrafi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Boroumand
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shokohizadeh
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Rostami
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahnama Boroumand
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Najafipour
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadreza Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Hosseini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Yazdani A, Tiwari S, Heydarpour M. WITHDRAWN: The effect of ischemia on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in human myocardium and insights into myocardial injury etiology. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3967889. [PMID: 38464039 PMCID: PMC10925459 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3967889/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
26 February, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors and without the full consent of the principle investigator of the registered clinical trial. Therefore, this work should not be cited as a reference.
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8
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Yu TH, Lee TL, Tsai IT, Hsuan CF, Wang CP, Lu YC, Tang WH, Wei CT, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Wu CC. Transcription factor 21 rs12190287 polymorphism is related to stable angina and ST elevation myocardial infarction in a Chinese Population. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:483-491. [PMID: 38250610 PMCID: PMC10797673 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.89901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcription factor 21 (TCF21, epicardin, capsuling, pod-1) is expressed in the epicardium and is involved in the regulation of cell fate and differentiation via epithelial-mesenchymal transformation during development of the heart. In addition, TCF21 can suppress the differentiation of epicardial cells into vascular smooth muscle cells and promote cardiac fibroblast development. This study aimed to explore whether TCF21 gene (12190287G/C) variants affect coronary artery disease risk. Methods: We enrolled 381 patients who had stable angina, 138 with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and 276 healthy subjects. Genotyping of rs12190287 of the TCF21 gene was performed. Results: Higher frequencies of the CC genotype were found in the patients with stable angina/STEMI than in the healthy controls. After adjusting for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, age, sex, smoking, body mass index and hyperlipidemia, the patients with the CC genotype of the TCF21 gene were associated with 2.49- and 9.19-fold increased risks of stable angina and STEMI, respectively, compared to the patients with the GG genotype. Furthermore, TCF21 CC genotypes showed positive correlations with both stable angina and STEMI, whereas TCF21 GG genotypes exhibited a negative correlation with STEMI. Moreover, the stable angina and STEMI patients with the CC genotype had significantly elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels than those with the GG genotype. In addition, significant associations were found between type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia with TCF21 gene polymorphisms (p for trend < 0.05). Conclusion: TCF21 gene polymorphisms may increase susceptibility to stable angina and STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Hung Yu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
- Department of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 807066, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chuan Lu
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Tang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuli Branch, Hualien 98142 Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
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9
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Al-Ali AK, Al-Rubaish AM, Alali RA, Almansori MS, Al-Jumaan MA, Alshehri AM, Al-Madan MS, Vatte C, Cherlin T, Young S, Verma SS, Morahan G, Koeleman BPC, Keating BJ. Uncovering myocardial infarction genetic signatures using GWAS exploration in Saudi and European cohorts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21866. [PMID: 38072966 PMCID: PMC10711020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded significant insights into the genetic architecture of myocardial infarction (MI), although studies in non-European populations are still lacking. Saudi Arabian cohorts offer an opportunity to discover novel genetic variants impacting disease risk due to a high rate of consanguinity. Genome-wide genotyping (GWG), imputation and GWAS followed by meta-analysis were performed based on two independent Saudi Arabian studies comprising 3950 MI patients and 2324 non-MI controls. Meta-analyses were then performed with these two Saudi MI studies and the CardioGRAMplusC4D and UK BioBank GWAS as controls. Meta-analyses of the two Saudi MI studies resulted in 17 SNPs with genome-wide significance. Meta-analyses of all 4 studies revealed 66 loci with genome-wide significance levels of p < 5 × 10-8. All of these variants, except rs2764203, have previously been reported as MI-associated loci or to have high linkage disequilibrium with known loci. One SNP association in Shisa family member 5 (SHISA5) (rs11707229) was evident at a much higher frequency in the Saudi MI populations (> 12% MAF). In conclusion, our results replicated many MI associations, whereas in Saudi-only GWAS (meta-analyses), several new loci were implicated that require future validation and functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amein K Al-Ali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 3144, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Al-Rubaish
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rudaynah A Alali
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almansori
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Jumaan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alshehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Madan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - ChittiBabu Vatte
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 3144, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tess Cherlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sylvia Young
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Bobby P C Koeleman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 85500/3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Brendan J Keating
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Maiorino E, Loscalzo J. Phenomics and Robust Multiomics Data for Cardiovascular Disease Subtyping. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1111-1123. [PMID: 37226730 PMCID: PMC10330619 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The complex landscape of cardiovascular diseases encompasses a wide range of related pathologies arising from diverse molecular mechanisms and exhibiting heterogeneous phenotypes. This variety of manifestations poses significant challenges in the development of treatment strategies. The increasing availability of precise phenotypic and multiomics data of cardiovascular disease patient populations has spurred the development of a variety of computational disease subtyping techniques to identify distinct subgroups with unique underlying pathogeneses. In this review, we outline the essential components of computational approaches to select, integrate, and cluster omics and clinical data in the context of cardiovascular disease research. We delve into the challenges faced during different stages of the analysis, including feature selection and extraction, data integration, and clustering algorithms. Next, we highlight representative applications of subtyping pipelines in heart failure and coronary artery disease. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future directions in the development of robust subtyping approaches that can be implemented in clinical workflows, ultimately contributing to the ongoing evolution of precision medicine in health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Maiorino
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Ashrafi V, Yazdi A, Farhadian M. Evaluation of the Relationship between Family History and Occurrence, Anatomical Location, and Extent of Coronary Artery Disease among Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:69. [PMID: 37575688 PMCID: PMC10423060 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A positive family history (FH) of coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered an independent risk factor for developing CAD. However, the relationship between the occurrence, angiographic anatomical location of the stenosis, and extent of CAD and the risk factors in the patients and their relatives is not well defined. Evaluation of this relationship is our main goal in this study. Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the FH data for CAD and premature death in first-and second-degree relatives, angiographic anatomical location of the stenosis, the extent of CAD in the patients and their relatives, as well as the relationship between other risk factors and the extent of CAD, were collected from 300 adult patients undergoing coronary angiography at Farshchian cardiovascular hospital in Hamadan (Iran) between March 2020 and 2021. SPSS 24 and the chi-square, Fisher exact, and student t tests were used to analyze data. The significance level was considered P < 0.05. Results Out of 300 patients, 185 (61.7%) were men and 115 (38.3%) were women. A total of 177 patients (59%) in maternal and 82 patients (27.3%) in paternal relatives had an FH of CAD. There was a significant relationship between the severity of coronary artery involvement and risk factors (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between the location of coronary artery involvement of the right coronary artery, left coronary artery, and left anterior descending artery and the severity of involvement of patients undergoing coronary angiography and their first- and second-degree relatives (P = 0.480). Conclusion Our findings suggest that there was no significant relationship between the anatomical location of the stenosis and the number of vessels involved and the FH of the patients. In patients with an FH, the extent of CAD significantly increased according to their risk factors for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ashrafi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Yazdi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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12
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Khederlou H, Mohammadi A, Tajik M, Kazemshiroodi M. Association between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and High-Risk Features in Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: A Multicenter Study. J Tehran Heart Cent 2023; 18:129-135. [PMID: 37637283 PMCID: PMC10459346 DOI: 10.18502/jthc.v18i2.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a noninvasive method with acceptable sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) in moderate-risk patients, including those with CAD risk factors. Methods The present cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted on 4886 patients from April 2020 through March 2023 at Chamran and Tehran Heart Center hospitals. A questionnaire regarding anthropometric variables, demographic characteristics, CAD risk factors, and MPI findings was designed. Results Totally, 2179 patients (44.6%) had abnormal MPI. Patients with abnormal MPI were significantly older than those with normal MPI. Older age (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.72; P<0.001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.48; P=0.012), hypertension (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.37; P=0.032), and dyslipidemia (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.8; P<0.001) were associated with abnormal MPI independently. Patients with more CAD risk factors were more likely to have abnormal MPI. Thus, in patients without or at most with 1 risk factor and those with 8 CAD risk factors, the likelihood of abnormal MPI was 3.7% and 76.2%, respectively. The frequency of left ventricular dilation and right ventricular prominence was significantly higher in patients with older age (P<0.001 and P=0.043, respectively), dyslipidemia (P<0.001 and P=0.007, respectively), DM (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively), and hypertension (P=0.048 and P=0.057, respectively). Conclusion Individuals with CAD risk factors, especially those with older age, DM, hypertension, or dyslipidemia, require meticulous attention during CAD evaluation, particularly via MPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Khederlou
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Tajik
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Kazemshiroodi
- Pardis Noor Medical Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Barungi S, Hernández-Camarero P, Moreno-Terribas G, Villalba-Montoro R, Marchal JA, López-Ruiz E, Perán M. Clinical implications of inflammation in atheroma formation and novel therapies in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1148768. [PMID: 37009489 PMCID: PMC10061140 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1148768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death and disability in the world. Among all CVD, the most common is coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD results from the complications promoted by atherosclerosis, which is characterized by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques that limit and block the blood flow of the arteries involved in heart oxygenation. Atherosclerotic disease is usually treated by stents implantation and angioplasty, but these surgical interventions also favour thrombosis and restenosis which often lead to device failure. Hence, efficient and long-lasting therapeutic options that are easily accessible to patients are in high demand. Advanced technologies including nanotechnology or vascular tissue engineering may provide promising solutions for CVD. Moreover, advances in the understanding of the biological processes underlying atherosclerosis can lead to a significant improvement in the management of CVD and even to the development of novel efficient drugs. To note, over the last years, the observation that inflammation leads to atherosclerosis has gained interest providing a link between atheroma formation and oncogenesis. Here, we have focused on the description of the available therapy for atherosclerosis, including surgical treatment and experimental treatment, the mechanisms of atheroma formation, and possible novel therapeutic candidates such as the use of anti-inflammatory treatments to reduce CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivan Barungi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Elena López-Ruiz, ; Macarena Perán,
| | - Macarena Perán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Elena López-Ruiz, ; Macarena Perán,
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14
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Pan-Lizcano R, Mariñas-Pardo L, Núñez L, Rebollal-Leal F, López-Vázquez D, Pereira A, Molina-Nieto A, Calviño R, Vázquez-Rodríguez JM, Hermida-Prieto M. Rare Variants in Genes of the Cholesterol Pathway Are Present in 60% of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416127. [PMID: 36555767 PMCID: PMC9786046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a pandemic in which conventional risk factors are inadequate to detect who is at risk early in the asymptomatic stage. Although gene variants in genes related to cholesterol, which may increase the risk of AMI, have been identified, no studies have systematically screened the genes involved in this pathway. In this study, we included 105 patients diagnosed with AMI with an elevation of the ST segment (STEMI) and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Using next-generation sequencing, we examined the presence of rare variants in 40 genes proposed to be involved in lipid metabolism and we found that 60% of AMI patients had a rare variant in the genes involved in the cholesterol pathway. Our data show the importance of considering the wide scope of the cholesterol pathway in order to assess the genetic risk related to AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pan-Lizcano
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis Mariñas-Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Núñez
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, GRINCAR Research Group, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-981-178-150
| | - Fernando Rebollal-Leal
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Domingo López-Vázquez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Pereira
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Molina-Nieto
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ramón Calviño
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Vázquez-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Hermida-Prieto
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
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15
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A Unified Model of Age-Related Cardiovascular Disease. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121768. [PMID: 36552277 PMCID: PMC9775230 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite progress in biomedical technologies, cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of mortality. This is at least in part because current clinical interventions do not adequately take into account aging as a driver and are hence aimed at suboptimal targets. To achieve progress, consideration needs to be given to the role of cell aging in disease pathogenesis. We propose a model unifying the fundamental processes underlying most age-associated cardiovascular pathologies. According to this model, cell aging, leading to cell senescence, is responsible for tissue changes leading to age-related cardiovascular disease. This process, occurring due to telomerase inactivation and telomere attrition, affects all components of the cardiovascular system, including cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, cardiac fibroblasts, and immune cells. The unified model offers insights into the relationship between upstream risk factors and downstream clinical outcomes and explains why interventions aimed at either of these components have limited success. Potential therapeutic approaches are considered based on this model. Because telomerase activity can prevent and reverse cell senescence, telomerase gene therapy is discussed as a promising intervention. Telomerase gene therapy and similar systems interventions based on the unified model are expected to be transformational in cardiovascular medicine.
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16
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Angelidis G, Valotassiou V, Satra M, Psimadas D, Koutsikos J, Skoularigis J, Kollia P, Georgoulias P. Investigating the genetic characteristics of CAD: Is there a role for myocardial perfusion imaging techniques? J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:2909-2916. [PMID: 33141407 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several environmental and genetic factors have been found to influence the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although the effects of the environmental hazards on CAD pathophysiology are well documented, the genetic architecture of the disease remains quite unclear. A number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified based on the results of the genome-wide association studies. However, there is a lack of strong evidence regarding molecular causality. The minority of the reported predisposing variants can be related to the conventional risk factors of CAD, while most of the polymorphisms occur in non-protein-coding regions of the DNA. However, independently of the specific underlying mechanisms, genetic information could lead to the identification of a population at higher genetic risk for the long-term development of CAD. Myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are functional imaging techniques that can evaluate directly myocardial perfusion, and detect vascular and/or endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, these techniques could have a role in the investigation of the underlying mechanisms associated with the identified predisposing variants, advancing our understanding regarding molecular causality. In the population at higher genetic risk, myocardial SPECT or PET could provide important evidence through the early depiction of sub-clinical dysfunctions, well before any atherosclerosis marker could be identified. Notably, SPECT and PET techniques have been already used for the investigation of the functional consequences of several CAD-related polymorphisms, as well as the response to certain treatments (statins). Furthermore, therefore, in the clinical setting, the combination of genetic evidence with the findings of myocardial SPECT, or PET, functional imaging techniques could lead to more efficient screening methods and may improve decision making with regard to the diagnostic investigation and patients' management.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Angelidis
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - V Valotassiou
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - M Satra
- Biology & Genetics Laboratory, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - D Psimadas
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - J Koutsikos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 401 General Military Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - P Kollia
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P Georgoulias
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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17
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Rankouhi TR, Keulen DV, Tempel D, Venhorst J. Oncostatin M: Risks and Benefits of a Novel Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1345-1369. [PMID: 35959619 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220811101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is predicted that approximately 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually by 2030. Therefore, there is a great need for an effective therapeutic approach to combat this disease. The European Cardiovascular Target Discovery (CarTarDis) consortium identified Oncostatin M (OSM) as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. The benefits of modulating OSM - an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine - have since been studied for multiple indications. However, as decades of high attrition rates have stressed, the success of a drug target is determined by the fine balance between benefits and the risk of adverse events. Safety issues should therefore not be overlooked. OBJECTIVE In this review, a risk/benefit analysis is performed on OSM inhibition in the context of atherosclerosis treatment. First, OSM signaling characteristics and its role in atherosclerosis are described. Next, an overview of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical findings relating to both the benefits and risks of modulating OSM in major organ systems is provided. Based on OSM's biological function and expression profile as well as drug intervention studies, safety concerns of inhibiting this target have been identified, assessed, and ranked for the target population. CONCLUSION While OSM may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerosis, drug development should also focus on de-risking the herein identified major safety concerns: tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, bleeding, anemia, and NMDA- and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Close monitoring and/or exclusion of patients with various comorbidities may be required for optimal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Rouhani Rankouhi
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle van Keulen
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Tempel
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Venhorst
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
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18
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Prognostic Modelling Studies of Coronary Heart Disease—A Systematic Review of Conventional and Genetic Risk Factor Studies. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090295. [PMID: 36135440 PMCID: PMC9505820 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to provide an overview of multivariable prognostic modelling studies developed for coronary heart disease (CHD) in the general population and to explore the optimal prognostic model by comparing the models’ performance. A systematic review was performed using Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until 30 November 2019. In this work, only prognostic studies describing conventional risk factors alone or a combination of conventional and genomic risk factors, being developmental and/or validation prognostic studies of a multivariable model, were included. A total of 4021 records were screened by titles and abstracts, and 72 articles were eligible. All the relevant studies were checked by comparing the discrimination, reclassification, and calibration measures. Most of the models were developed in the United States and Canada and targeted the general population. The models included a set of similar predictors, such as age, sex, smoking, cholesterol level, blood pressure, BMI, and diabetes mellitus. In this study, many articles were identified and screened for consistency and reliability using CHARM and GRIPS statements. However, the usefulness of most prognostic models was not demonstrated; only a limited number of these models supported clinical evidence. Unfortunately, substantial heterogeneity was recognized in the definition and outcome of CHD events. The inclusion of genetic risk scores in addition to conventional risk factors might help in predicting the incidence of CHDs; however, the generalizability of the existing prognostic models remains open. Validation studies for the existing developmental models are needed to ensure generalizability, improve the research quality, and increase the transparency of the study.
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19
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Lin ZL, Liu YC, Gao YL, Chen XS, Wang CL, Shou ST, Chai YF. S100A9 and SOCS3 as diagnostic biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction and their association with immune infiltration. Gene 2022; 97:67-79. [PMID: 35675985 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death globally, with a mortality rate of over 20%. However, the diagnostic biomarkers frequently used in current clinical practice have limitations in both sensitivity and specificity, likely resulting in delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for AMI and explored the possible mechanisms involved. Datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus. First, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and preserved modules, from which we identified candidate genes by LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression and the SVM-RFE (support vector machine-recursive feature elimination) algorithm. Subsequently, we used ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the candidate genes. Thereafter, functional enrichment analysis and an analysis of immune infiltration were implemented. Finally, we assessed the association between biomarkers and biological processes, infiltrated cells, clinical traits, tissues and time points. We identified nine preserved modules containing 1,016 DEGs and managed to construct a diagnostic model with high accuracy (GSE48060: AUC = 0.923; GSE66360: AUC = 0.973) incorporating two genes named S100A9 and SOCS3. Functional analysis revealed the pivotal role of inflammation; immune infiltration analysis indicated that eight cell types (monocytes, epithelial cells, neutrophils, CD8+ T cells, Th2 cells, NK cells, NKT cells and platelets) were likely involved in AMI. Furthermore, we observed that S100A9 and SOCS3 were correlated with inflammation, variably infiltrated cells, clinical traits of patients, sampling tissues and sampling time points. In conclusion, we suggested S100A9 and SOCS3 as diagnostic biomarkers of AMI and discovered their association with inflammation, infiltrated immune cells and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Liang Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yan-Cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yu-Lei Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Xin-Sen Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Chao-Lan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Song-Tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
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20
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Butnariu LI, Florea L, Badescu MC, Țarcă E, Costache II, Gorduza EV. Etiologic Puzzle of Coronary Artery Disease: How Important Is Genetic Component? LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060865. [PMID: 35743896 PMCID: PMC9225091 DOI: 10.3390/life12060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the modern era, coronary artery disease (CAD) has become the most common form of heart disease and, due to the severity of its clinical manifestations and its acute complications, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The phenotypic variability of CAD is correlated with the complex etiology, multifactorial (caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors) but also monogenic. The purpose of this review is to present the genetic factors involved in the etiology of CAD and their relationship to the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. Method: we analyzed data from the literature, starting with candidate gene-based association studies, then continuing with extensive association studies such as Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES). The results of these studies revealed that the number of genetic factors involved in CAD etiology is impressive. The identification of new genetic factors through GWASs offers new perspectives on understanding the complex pathophysiological mechanisms that determine CAD. In conclusion, deciphering the genetic architecture of CAD by extended genomic analysis (GWAS/WES) will establish new therapeutic targets and lead to the development of new treatments. The identification of individuals at high risk for CAD using polygenic risk scores (PRS) will allow early prophylactic measures and personalized therapy to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lăcrămioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Laura Florea
- Department of Nefrology—Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.); (E.Ț.)
| | - Elena Țarcă
- Department of Surgery II—Pediatric Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.); (E.Ț.)
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.)
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21
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Sonawane AR, Aikawa E, Aikawa M. Connections for Matters of the Heart: Network Medicine in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:873582. [PMID: 35665246 PMCID: PMC9160390 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.873582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are diverse disorders affecting the heart and vasculature in millions of people worldwide. Like other fields, CVD research has benefitted from the deluge of multiomics biomedical data. Current CVD research focuses on disease etiologies and mechanisms, identifying disease biomarkers, developing appropriate therapies and drugs, and stratifying patients into correct disease endotypes. Systems biology offers an alternative to traditional reductionist approaches and provides impetus for a comprehensive outlook toward diseases. As a focus area, network medicine specifically aids the translational aspect of in silico research. This review discusses the approach of network medicine and its application to CVD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Rajendra Sonawane
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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22
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Huang Y, Hui Q, Gwinn M, Hu YJ, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V, Sun YV. Interaction between genetics and smoking in determining risk of coronary artery diseases. Genet Epidemiol 2022; 46:199-212. [PMID: 35170807 PMCID: PMC9086149 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a preeminent cause of death, and smoking is a strong risk factor for CAD. Genetic factors contribute to the development of CAD, but the interplay between genetic predisposition and smoking history in CAD remains unclear. Using data from the UK Biobank, we constructed several genetic risk scores (GRSs) based on known CAD loci and assessed their interactions with smoking for the development of incident CAD in 307,147 participants of European ancestry who were free of CAD. We fitted Cox proportional hazard models and assessed gene-smoking interaction on both multiplicative and additive scales. Overall, we found no multiplicative interactions, but observed a synergistic additive interaction of GRS with both smoking status and pack-years of smoking, finding that the absolute CAD risk due to smoking was higher for those with high genetic risk. Trait-based sub-GRSs suggested smoking status and smoking intensity measured by pack-years might confer gene-smoking interaction effects with different intermediate risk factors for CAD. Our study results suggest that genetics could modify the effects of smoking on CAD and highlight the value of addressing gene-lifestyle interactions on both additive and multiplicative scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qin Hui
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marta Gwinn
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-Juan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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23
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KIRAÇ D, YAMAN AE, GEZMİŞ H, YEŞİLÇİMEN K, AVCILAR T, GÜNEY İ, ALTUNOK EÇ, KOÇ G, AKKANAT R, İŞBİR T. VDBP and VDR Mutations May Cause In-Stent Restenosis. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.953893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the narrowing of a stented coronary artery lesion. A considerable number of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are affected by ISR. The predominant mechanism in the development of ISR is an inflammatory response to vessel wall injury during PCI. Vitamin D is reported to have anti-inflammatory properties, so it may also be related with ISR. Therefore, in this study the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) gene variations and ISR were investigated.
Methods: Fifty-eight ISR patients who have chest pain, underwent angiography and were found to have restenosis in the previously inserted stent were included in the patient group and thirty-five patients who have chest pain and were not found to have restenosis in their previous stent in coronary angiography were included in the control group. rs7041 and rs4588 variations in VDBP; rs1544410 and rs2228570 variations in VDR were investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results were evaluated statistically.
Results: The CC genotype of rs2228570 variation of VDR and the CA genotype of rs4588 variation of VDBP were found statistically high in patient group. rs7041 variation was found statistically high in patients who had myocardial infarction history before stent implantation. Additionally, it was demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz KIRAÇ
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysun Erdem YAMAN
- Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hazal GEZMİŞ
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal YEŞİLÇİMEN
- Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba AVCILAR
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlter GÜNEY
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Çiğdem ALTUNOK
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Infırmatics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülşah KOÇ
- Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rabican AKKANAT
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay İŞBİR
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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S SP, K KE. Contribution of Glutathione-S-Transferases Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Artery Diseases: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Aging Sci 2022; 15:282-292. [PMID: 35249517 DOI: 10.2174/1874609815666220304193925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is one of the risk components in the development of coronary artery diseases (CAD) and polymorphism in major antioxidant genes like Glutathione-S-Transferases (GST) has been associated with the increased CAD susceptibility and severity. OBJECTIVE To get a precise evaluation and to update the association, a meta-analysis on GST (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) polymorphism with CAD was performed. Moreover, the combined effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 null genotypes on CAD risk which is not yet studied so far but it has the highest risk of developing diseases. MATERIALS AND METHOD PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible studies. Case-control studies with genotypic frequency, provide data to calculate odds ratio (OR) and in English language were selected. OR with 95% C.I was calculated and random effect model was used. NOS scale was used to asses the qulity of the included studies. RESULTS Meta-analysis indicated that the GSTM1 null genotype and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) polymorphism is significantly associated with CAD risk with a pooled OR-1.38, p=0.01 for GSTM1 and OR-1.19, p=0.04 for GSTP1. Dual null genotype of GSTM1-GSTT1 has highest risk for CAD development (OR-1.59, p=0.003) and there is no significant association for GSTT1 null genotype with CAD. In the subgroup analysis, GSTM1 showed the increased risk for Asians (OR-1.68, p=<0.01) and smokers (OR-1.98, p=<0.01). Publication bias was not observed. CONCLUSION The findings suggests that the GSTM1/GSTP1 polymorphism can be a predictive factor for CAD risk and a larger sample size is required further to confirm the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhi Priya S
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Kelambakkam-603 103, Chengalpattu Dt.,TN, India
| | - Kumar Ebenezar K
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Kelambakkam-603 103, Chengalpattu Dt.,TN, India
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25
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Hasbani NR, Ligthart S, Brown MR, Heath AS, Bebo A, Ashley KE, Boerwinkle E, Morrison AC, Folsom AR, Aguilar D, De Vries PS. American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7: Lifestyle Recommendations, Polygenic Risk, and Lifetime Risk of Coronary Heart Disease. Circulation 2022; 145:808-818. [PMID: 35094551 PMCID: PMC8912968 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.053730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Understanding the effect of lifestyle and genetic risk on the lifetime risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is important to improving public health initiatives. Our objective was to quantify remaining lifetime risk and years free of CHD according to polygenic risk and the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) guidelines in a population-based cohort study. Methods: Our analysis included data from participants of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study: 8372 White and 2314 Black participants; 45 years of age and older; and free of CHD at baseline examination. A polygenic risk score (PRS) comprised more than 6 million genetic variants was categorized into low (<20th percentile), intermediate, and high (>80th percentile). An overall LS7 score was calculated at baseline and categorized into "poor," "intermediate," and "ideal" cardiovascular health. Lifetime risk and CHD-free years were computed according to polygenic risk and LS7 categories. Results: The overall remaining lifetime risk was 27%, ranging from 16.6% in individuals with an ideal LS7 score to 43.1% for individuals with a poor LS7 score. The association of PRS with lifetime risk differed according to ancestry. In White participants, remaining lifetime risk ranged from 19.8% to 39.3% according to increasing PRS categories. Individuals with a high PRS and poor LS7 had a remaining lifetime risk of 67.1% and 15.9 fewer CHD-free years than did those with intermediate polygenic risk and LS7 scores. In the high-PRS group, ideal LS7 was associated with 20.2 more CHD-free years compared with poor LS7. In Black participants, remaining lifetime risk ranged from 19.1% to 28.6% according to increasing PRS category. Similar lifetime risk estimates were observed for individuals of poor LS7 regardless of PRS category. In the high-PRS group, an ideal LS7 score was associated with only 4.5 more CHD-free years compared with a poor LS7 score. Conclusions: Ideal adherence to LS7 recommendations was associated with lower lifetime risk of CHD for all individuals, especially in those with high genetic susceptibility. In Black participants, adherence to LS7 guidelines contributed to lifetime risk of CHD more so than current PRSs. Improved PRSs are needed to properly evaluate genetic susceptibility for CHD in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology and Adult Intensive Care, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Adam S Heath
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Allison Bebo
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Kellan E Ashley
- Department of Interventional Cardiovascular Disease, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - David Aguilar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Paul S De Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
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26
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Relationship between Expression of Plasma lncRNA-HEIH and Prognosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2021:5662080. [PMID: 35003390 PMCID: PMC8741405 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5662080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate the expression of long noncoding RNA- (lncRNA-) HEIH in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and its impact on patients' prognosis. Patients and Methods. From July 2015 to December 2018, 250 patients who underwent coronary angiography, including 50 in the control group and 150 in the CAD group, were collected for detection of the expression of lncRNA-HEIH by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The severity of CAD was evaluated through SYNTAX scoring system. In addition, these patients with CAD were followed up for 3 years, and the major cardiac adverse events such as myocardial infarction and revascularization were recorded. Results The expression of lncRNA-HEIH in plasma of patients with CAD was remarkably higher than that in the control subjects and was verified to be relevant to the severity of CAD. Meanwhile, it was found that CAD patients with high expression of lncRNA-HEIH had higher rates of dyslipidemia as well as CAD family history and higher overall incidence of major cardiac adverse events than those with low expression of lncRNA-HEIH. Conclusions lncRNA-HEIH expression is upregulated in the plasma of CAD patients, which is capable of affecting the prognosis of patients.
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27
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Serum Levels of lncRNA CCHE1 and TCF21 in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Their Clinical Significances. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2021:8526144. [PMID: 34970358 PMCID: PMC8714324 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8526144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To detect serum level changes of CCHE1 and TCF21 in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and to explore their clinical significances. Patients and Methods. A total of 150 CAD patients were divided into the mild lesion group (n = 52), moderate lesion group (n = 48), and severe lesion group (n = 50), respectively, according to the Gensini score. In addition, they were divided into single vessel lesion (n = 42), two vessel lesions (n = 49), and three vessel lesions group (n = 59), respectively. Serum levels of CCHE1 and TCF21 in CAD patients were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Spearman's rank correlation was conducted to assess the relationship between levels of CCHE1 and TCF21 and severity and numbers of vessel lesions in CAD. Pearson's correlation test was used for analyzing the correlation between CCHE1 and TCF21 levels. A multivariable logistic regression test was performed to evaluate the influences of CCHE1 and TCF21 levels on CAD severity and the occurrence of cardiovascular events within 3 years of follow-up. Results Significant differences in incidences of diabetes and hypertension were identified in CAD patients divided according to CAD severity. In addition, significant differences in incidences of drinking, diabetes, and hypertension were identified in CAD patients divided according to numbers of vessel lesions. The serum level of CCHE1 was positively related to CAD severity and numbers of vessel lesions, while TCF21 displayed a negative relationship. During the 3-year follow-up, the incidence of cardiovascular events was 39.3% (59/150). CAD severity, numbers of vessel lesions, and serum levels of CCHE1 and TCF21 were independent factors influencing the occurrence of cardiovascular events in CAD patients. Conclusions The increased serum level of CCHE1 and decreased TCF21 level are closely related to CAD severity, which are able to influence the prognosis in CAD patients.
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28
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Mirdamadi A, Abrishamkar R, Kargaran A. Comparing outcomes of clonidine and captopril in patients with hypertensive urgency: A randomized clinical trial. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2022; 18:1-6. [PMID: 36818154 PMCID: PMC9931607 DOI: 10.48305/arya.v18i1.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) is the second leading risk factor for death and disability. One fourth of healthcare in Eastern Europe and Central Asia is being spent on blood pressure (BP)-related diseases. An important situation in patients with high BP is hypertensive crisis (BP > 180/120 mmHg), which is divided to hypertensive emergency and urgency. Therefore, here, we decided to compare the effect of captopril and clonidine in patients with hypertensive urgencies, and their side effects. METHODS This was a parallel-group randomized clinical trial. Patients, who referred to emergency ward with any symptoms of hypertensive crisis, underwent a careful history taking and clinical examination. Individuals with systolic BP (SBP) ≥ 180 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥ 110 mmHg with no evidence of end organ damage were randomly assigned into two interventions, clonidine and captopril. 25% decrease in BP was considered as ideal relief. RESULTS Regarding the duration of response to treatment drugs, patients who received clonidine relieved significantly faster than those who received captopril (P = 0.016). Moreover, the frequencies of side effects such as headache, dizziness/vertigo, dry mouth, and drowsiness in the clonidine group were significantly lower than captopril group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients in clonidine group relieved sooner and experienced fewer side effects. Therefore, this study suggests clonidine as a more effective therapeutic for hypertensive urgency compared with captopril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mirdamadi
- Associate Professor, Department of Cardiology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rana Abrishamkar
- Medical Practitioner, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Rana Abrishamkar; Medical Practitioner, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afrooz Kargaran
- Medical Practitioner, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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29
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Bharath R, Nair KKM, Gupta D, Vijayan R. Assessment of Lewis negative phenotype as a risk factor for multivessel disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 29:129-133. [PMID: 34974187 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute coronary syndrome is a manifestation of coronary artery disease caused by decreased blood flow to the heart musculature resulting in ischaemia and infarction of the heart. The Lewis (Le) blood group system comprise mainly Lewis a & b antigens which are secreted in plasma and are expressed on red cells, platelets and endothelium. This study assesses the risk of multivessel disease in acute coronary patients with lewis negative (a- b-) phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 183 patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and who underwent coronary angiography to detect stenosis of the coronary vessels. The severity of the disease was classified based upon the number of vessels stenosed and their blood sample was phenotyped for Lewis antigens. The patients' risk factors, GRACE score and management were included for the study and multivariate logistic regression was carried out for analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of Lewis (a- b-) was 27.4% and there was a significant association with multivessel disease (P<0.05). However, there was no association of lewis (a- b-) with any of the risk factors causing coronary disease. The adjusted odds ratio of triple vessel disease in lewis (a- b-) was 2.6, female gender was 0.6 and patients with diabetes mellitus was 3.1, respectively. The GRACE score showed a significant association with ABO blood group (P<0.05) but not with lewis (a- b-). DISCUSSION Lewis negative patients are more likely to develop triple vessel disease compared to other lewis blood groups. This warrants further studies to investigate the link between lewis system and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Bharath
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India.
| | - Krishna Kumar Mohanan Nair
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Debasish Gupta
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Reshma Vijayan
- Department of transfusion medicine, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
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30
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Zhu L, Zhao S, Zhao W. Potential Regulatory Role of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Int Heart J 2021; 62:1369-1378. [PMID: 34789641 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a high-incidence of heart disease. We aimed to identify potential biomarkers linked to the progression of CAD using multiple sets of data mining analysis methods. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) + messenger RNA (mRNA) data set GSE113079 and microRNA (miRNA) data set GSE28858 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. After data preprocessing, differentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA were identified using limma software. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used for the construction and screening of modules related to disease states. Besides, key mRNAs and lncRNAs were extracted for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression analysis. Additionally, the final integration resulted in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA relationship pairs (competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network). Finally, CTD 2020 update database was used for the verification of the expression level of the candidate genes. A total of 1319 differentially expressed mRNAs and 1983 lncRNAs were screened. After WGCNA, a total of 234 mRNAs and 546 lncRNAs were identified. A PPI network including 127 mRNA corresponding proteins was constructed. The ceRNA network included 24 up-regulated lncRNAs, 16 down-regulated miRNAs, and 42 up-regulated mRNAs. Through the validation of CTD 2020 update database, 21 CAD related mRNAs, and four important ceRNAs those may be participated in the pathogenesis of CAD were obtained. In this study, through multiple sets of data mining methods, the regulatory relationship of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA was comprehensively analyzed, and the important role of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in the pathogenesis of CAD was emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Shuiping Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Wang Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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31
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Niu RB, Dong XX, Guo LP, Pan L, Hai YQ, Chen XX, Duan BS. Study on the relationship between SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronary heart disease in the Mongolian population. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:788-792. [PMID: 34423691 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1969660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze the influence of SLCO1B1 and APOE gene polymorphisms on coronary heart disease in Mongolian population who living in Ordos area. Methods From January 2019 to June 2020, 200 Mongolian patients with coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital and other banner hospitals were selected as the case group. At the same time, 150 randomly selected healthy Mongolian people from medical examination centers comprised the control group. The polymorphisms of SLCO1B1 (388A>G, 521 T > C) and ApoE (388 T > C, 526 C > t) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Combined with environmental data, the effect of gene polymorphism on coronary heart disease was explored. Results Both SLCO1B1 and ApoE polymorphisms satisfied Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SLCO1B1 genotype *1a/*1b showed the highest frequency in the case group, accounting for 35.0%, while The SLCO1B1 genotype *1b/*1b showed the highest frequency in the control group, accounting for 32.0%. Allele *1b was the most commonly seen allele in both the case group and control group (57.8% and 53.7%, respectively). Meanwhile, The difference in the distribution of SLCO1B1 *1a/*15 genotype between the two groups was statistically significant (P < .05). Conclusion The results showed that the SLCO1B *1a/*15 genotype, ApoE ε3 /ε3 genotype, and ε3 allele reduced the risk of coronary disease in the Mongolian population, making them protective genes against this disease, while the ApoE ε4 allele increased the risk of coronary disease, making it a coronary disease risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Bing Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ordos Central Hospita, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao-Xian Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Ordos Central Hospita, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li-Ping Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Ordos Central Hospita, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Pan
- Department of Medicine, Ordos Central Hospita, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yue-Qin Hai
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Chen
- Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia, University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Bao-Sheng Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ordos Central Hospita, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China
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Rahimi M, Khanahmad H, Gharipour M, Roohafza H, Dianatkhah M, Khosravi E, Sadeghian L, Sadeghi M. Polymorphisms of LPA gene, rs1801693 and rs7765781, are not associated with premature myocardial infarction in the Iranian population. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2021; 17:1-8. [PMID: 35686243 PMCID: PMC9137221 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v17i0.2369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Although it is most prevalent in the elderly, it may occur in young adults (men ≤ 55 years or women ≤ 65 years) as premature MI (PMI). As awareness of genetic risks may lead to effective prevention of PMI, we aim to investigate the association of two susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LPA gene with PMI in the Iranian population, rs1801693 and rs7765781, identified in previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS). METHODS A total number of 85 patients with PMI and 85 healthy controls were recruited from December 2015 to March 2016 from Isfahan, Iran. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all individuals. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted and genotyped at rs1181693 and rs7765781 polymorphisms, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results were statistically analyzed to find any possible association of the two polymorphisms with PMI by SPSS software and P-values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS Statistical analysis displayed no significant difference between rs1801693 (P = 0.815)/rs7765781 (P = 0.746) alleles in patients with PMI and healthy control subjects. CONCLUSION There is no meaningful association between rs1801693/rs7765781 and PMI incidence in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Rahimi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Gharipour
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Minoo Dianatkhah
- Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Khosravi
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ladan Sadeghian
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Masoumeh Sadeghi; Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan
University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
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Khalil NN, McCain ML. Engineering the Cellular Microenvironment of Post-infarct Myocardium on a Chip. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:709871. [PMID: 34336962 PMCID: PMC8316619 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.709871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarctions are one of the most common forms of cardiac injury and death worldwide. Infarctions cause immediate necrosis in a localized region of the myocardium, which is followed by a repair process with inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation phases. This repair process culminates in the formation of scar tissue, which often leads to heart failure in the months or years after the initial injury. In each reparative phase, the infarct microenvironment is characterized by distinct biochemical, physical, and mechanical features, such as inflammatory cytokine production, localized hypoxia, and tissue stiffening, which likely each contribute to physiological and pathological tissue remodeling by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Traditionally, simplified two-dimensional cell culture systems or animal models have been implemented to elucidate basic pathophysiological mechanisms or predict drug responses following myocardial infarction. However, these conventional approaches offer limited spatiotemporal control over relevant features of the post-infarct cellular microenvironment. To address these gaps, Organ on a Chip models of post-infarct myocardium have recently emerged as new paradigms for dissecting the highly complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic post-infarct microenvironment. In this review, we describe recent Organ on a Chip models of post-infarct myocardium, including their limitations and future opportunities in disease modeling and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Khalil
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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34
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Guo N, Wang P, Yang J, Yang X, van der Voet M, Wildwater M, Wei J, Tang X, Wang M, Yang H. Serum Metabolomic Analysis of Coronary Heart Disease Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris Subtyped by Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics Reveals Biomarkers Relevant to Personalized Treatments. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:664320. [PMID: 34194326 PMCID: PMC8236985 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.664320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), personalized treatments based on potential biomarkers could make a difference. To investigate if such potential biomarkers could be found for CHD inhomogeneous, we combined traditional Chinese medicine based diagnosis with untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses. Shi and Xu patient subtype groups of CHD with angina pectoris were identified. Different metabolites including lipids, fatty acids and amino acids were further analyzed with targeted metabolomics and mapped to disease-related pathways. The long-chain unsaturated lipids ceramides metabolism, bile acid metabolism were differentially affected in the Xu subtype groups. While, Shi-subtype patients seemed to show inflammation, anomalous levels of bioactive phospholipids and antioxidant molecules. Furthermore, variations in the endothelial damage response and energy metabolism found based on ELISA analysis are the key divergence points between different CHD subtypes. The results showed Xu subtype patients might benefit from long-chain unsaturated lipids ceramides as therapeutic targets. Shi subtype patients might benefit more from levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption and treatments that help in restoring energy balance. Metabolic differences can be essential for treatment protocols. Thus, patient group specific differences can serve as important information to refine current treatment approaches in a personalized manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Center for Post-doctoral Research, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peili Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Junying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Wang
- LU-European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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35
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Wang B, Su Z, Wan L, He T. Relationship between long non-coding RNA polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25146. [PMID: 33761682 PMCID: PMC9282133 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiological studies displayed that long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, while the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to more accurately determine the association between LncRNA polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease. METHODS PubMed, EmBase and Web of Science databases were searched, and the time to build the database was set until December 2020. The association between LncRNA polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease was collected and evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed by STATA 14.0 software, and the odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were applied to estimate the association between LncRNA polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease. RESULTS The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis will summarize the relationship between LncRNA polymorphism and coronary disease risk. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/9XPHS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhihui Su
- Department of orthopedics, People's Hospital of Wuhan University Hanchuan Hospital, Hanchuan People's Hospital, Hanchuan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lijun Wan
- Department of orthopedics, People's Hospital of Wuhan University Hanchuan Hospital, Hanchuan People's Hospital, Hanchuan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of interventional medicine
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36
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Song Z, Chen L, Pang S, Yan B. Molecular genetic study on GATA5 gene promoter in acute myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248203. [PMID: 33684162 PMCID: PMC7939267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe type of coronary artery disease, caused by coronary occlusion and followed by cardiac ischaemia. GATA binding protein 5 (GATA5) is an important member of GATA family and plays an important role in vascular inflammation, endothelial function, oxidative stress and cell metabolism. Previous studies have shown that the DNA sequence variants (DSVs) in GATA4 and GATA6 promoter can increase susceptibility to AMI. In this study, we explored the relationship between GATA5 promoter and AMI for the first time, hoping to provide a new genetic basis for understanding the pathogenesis of AMI. Methods GATA5 promoter was sequenced in 683 individuals (332 AMI patients and 351 controls). The transcriptional activity of the GATA5 promoter with or without DSVs in HEK-293 cells, H9c2 cells and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were examined by Promega Dual-Luciferase® Reporter Assay system. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed to explore whether the DSVs interfered with the binding of transcription factors (TFs). Results Nine mutations have been found in GATA5 promoter, eight of them evidently altered the transcriptional activity of the GATA5 promoter, five of them disrupted the binding of TFs (such as farnesoid X receptor). Furthermore, haplotype AT (across rs80197101 and rs77067995) is a dangerous haplotype of AMI. Genotype GA and allele A of rs80197101 and genotype CT and allele T of rs77067995 are the risk factors of AMI. Conclusions DSVs in GATA5 promoter can increase susceptibility to AMI. But the mechanism remains to be verified in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Song
- Department of Medicine, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Yanzhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shuchao Pang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Yanzhou People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Sino-US Cooperation Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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37
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Alhusseiny SM, Saleh NE, El-Zayady WM, Hussein MS, El-Beshbishi SN. Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and coronary atherosclerosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 115:1190-1197. [PMID: 33596320 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide protozoon that can infect all nucleated vertebrate cells. Little information is available about the association between T. gondii infection and coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 320 cases were enrolled (160 patients with coronary atherosclerosis and 160 non-atherosclerotic individuals). Blood samples were collected to measure anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum lipid profile. Coronary angiogram was also performed. RESULTS The seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic individuals was 63.1% and 46.2%, respectively, with higher levels of anti-T. gondii IgG in atherosclerotic patients. Consumption of contaminated water, unwashed fruits and vegetables and raw meat and contact with soil were significant risk factors for Toxoplasma infection. Significant differences were detected in serum levels of low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol between both groups. Positive correlations were detected between ELISA titres and serum levels of low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol, disease severity and the number of affected vessels. Male gender and contact with soil had a significant association with positive T. gondii serology in atherosclerotic patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with coronary atherosclerosis have a high prevalence of T. gondii infection. More studies are crucial to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of chronic toxoplasmosis on coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Alhusseiny
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Nora E Saleh
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M El-Zayady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Hussein
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Specialized Medical Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Samar N El-Beshbishi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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38
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Ramezanpour N, Nasiri M, Akbarpour OR. Association of rs4618210A>G variant in PLCL2 gene with myocardial infarction: A case-control study in Iran. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 12:303-306. [PMID: 33510879 PMCID: PMC7828755 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death all over the world. The pivotal roles of Phospholipase C like 2 gene (PLCL2) in calcium homeostasis and immune responses make this gene as a potential candidate for its role in MI pathogenesis. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether rs4618210A>G polymorphism in PLCL2 gene contribute to MI etiology.
Methods: A hospital-based case-control study with 600 subjects, including 300 MI patients and 300controls, was conducted. Genotyping of PLCL2 rs4618210 polymorphism was performed using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR) method. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results: No significant association was found between the PLCL2 rs4618210 alleles and MI risk.However, a significantly increased risk of MI was observed among carriers of the AG genotype (OR= 1.91; 95% CI = 1.24 - 2.93; P = 0.003) compared with AA homozygote. In a dominant mode of inheritance for G allele (GG + AG vs. AA), the frequency of the carriers of at least one G allele was higher in cases compared to controls (OR= 1.56; 95% CI: 1.03 – 2.36; P = 0.037).
Conclusion: Our study provided further evidence that PLCL2 gene polymorphism may serve as a prognostic marker for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Ramezanpour
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Nasiri
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Akbarpour
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
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39
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Fronczek M, Strzelczyk JK, Osadnik T, Biernacki K, Ostrowska Z. VDR Gene Polymorphisms in Healthy Individuals with Family History of Premature Coronary Artery Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:8832478. [PMID: 33564343 PMCID: PMC7867440 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8832478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The gene encoding the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is considered in many studies to be a good candidate responsible for susceptibility to several diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD). Epidemiological data show that cardiovascular disease is one of the major health problems in Polish society. Basic studies show that genetic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAD. We conducted this clinical study to determine if the VDR gene polymorphisms TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), and FokI (rs2228570) could predispose healthy individuals to an increased risk of premature CAD (P-CAD) incidents. METHODS We genotyped 845 subjects in a cohort consisting of 386 healthy volunteers with a documented P-CAD incident in their first-degree relatives and 459 healthy volunteers without family history (FH) of P-CAD. TaqI, ApaI, and FokI polymorphisms in VDR were genotyped using TaqMan assays and the endpoint genotyping method (qPCR). Statistical analyses were performed using the Power Analysis Software STATISTICA v.13.3. RESULTS Although no statistical significance was found for TaqI and ApaI genotype frequencies, the AA genotype of FokI polymorphism was significantly more frequent in the study group compared to the control group (24.61% vs. 16.99%). The results of logistic regression analysis suggested a significant association between FokI polymorphism and FH of P-CAD in heathy people under the recessive model (OR: 1.26 (1.07-1.49, p = 0.007)); however, the frequency of VDR haplotypes did not differ significantly between the control and study populations. CONCLUSIONS FokI polymorphism is may be associated with FH of P-CAD. FokI polymorphism may predispose to the development of P-CAD among healthy people over the next years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Fronczek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Osadnik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
- Second Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Biernacki
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
| | - Zofia Ostrowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
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40
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Di Narzo A, Frades I, Crane HM, Crane PK, Hulot JS, Kasarskis A, Hart A, Argmann C, Dubinsky M, Peter I, Hao K. Meta-analysis of sample-level dbGaP data reveals novel shared genetic link between body height and Crohn's disease. Hum Genet 2021; 140:865-877. [PMID: 33452914 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To further explore genetic links between complex traits, we developed a comprehensive framework to harmonize and integrate extensive genotype and phenotype data from the four well-characterized cohorts with the focus on cardiometabolic diseases deposited to the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). We generated a series of polygenic risk scores (PRS) to investigate pleiotropic effects of loci that confer genetic risk for 19 common diseases and traits on body height, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and myocardial infarction (MI). In a meta-analysis of 20,021 subjects, we identified shared genetic determinants of Crohn's Disease (CD), a type of inflammatory bowel disease, and body height (p = 5.5 × 10-5). The association of PRS-CD with height was replicated in UK Biobank (p = 1.1 × 10-5) and an independent cohort of 510 CD cases and controls (1.57 cm shorter height per PRS-CD interquartile increase, p = 5.0 × 10-3 and a 28% reduction in CD risk per interquartile increase in PRS-height, p = 1.1 × 10-3, with the effect independent of CD diagnosis). A pathway analysis of the variants overlapping between PRS-height and PRS-CD detected significant enrichment of genes from the inflammatory, immune-mediated and growth factor regulation pathways. This finding supports the clinical observation of growth failure in patients with childhood-onset CD and demonstrates the value of using individual-level data from dbGaP in searching for shared genetic determinants. This information can help provide a refined insight into disease pathogenesis and may have major implications for novel therapies and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itziar Frades
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Research Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Heidi M Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jean-Sebastian Hulot
- Université de Paris, INSERM, PARCC, CIC1418, F-75015, Paris, France.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Kasarskis
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Hart
- Janssen R&D, LLC, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marla Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inga Peter
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, New York, NY, USA.
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The relationship between coronary artery disease and SIRT1 protein. North Clin Istanb 2021; 7:631-635. [PMID: 33381707 PMCID: PMC7754863 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2020.31391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction proceeding with increased inflammation and monocyte increase is one of the main causes of vessel injury in CAD. SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) protein plays an important role in the regulation of cellular physiological mechanisms. SIRT1 has roles in regulating angiogenesis and preventing endothelial dysfunction and reperfusion injury due to ischemia. Suppression of SIRT1 causes monocyte affinity due to endothelial dysfunction. Sirtuins activators are involved in pathologies of many diseases with promising treatments. The objective of this review is to summarize the current progress and future directions of sirtuin protein in the field of CAD.
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42
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Wang F, Cai X, Jiao P, Liu Y, Yuan B, Zhang P, Liu H, Ma L. Relationship between long non-coding RNA and prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23525. [PMID: 33371075 PMCID: PMC7748174 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can predict the prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after obtaining percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), while this conclusion still needs to be further confirmed. Therefore, this study attempted to explore the relationship between lncRNA and prognosis in CHD patients after PCI. METHODS The database was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical literature Database (CBM), Chinese Scientific and Journal Database (VIP), Wan Fang database, PubMed, and EMBASE. Hazard ratios (HRs) and its 95% confidence interval (CIs) were applied to assess the prognostic effects of lncRNA on overall survival (OS). RevMan 5.3 and STATA 16.0 software were used to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS The results of this meta-analysis would be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. CONCLUSION This review provided a comprehensive overview of the relationship between lncRNA and prognosis in CHD patients after PCI, and offered recommendations for clinical practices or guidelines.
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Mohammad AM, Othman GO, Saeed CH, Al Allawi S, Gedeon GS, Qadir SM, Al-Allawi N. Genetic polymorphisms in early-onset myocardial infarction in a sample of Iraqi patients: a pilot study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:541. [PMID: 33228791 PMCID: PMC7686715 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early-onset myocardial infarction constitutes nearly one third of cases of myocardial infarction among Iraqis, which is rather higher than the proportions reported in many Western countries. Thus this study was initiated to investigate the role of some genetic polymorphisms, as well as acquired risk factors in this condition. RESULTS A total of 102 Iraqi patients with first myocardial infarction aged 50 years, and 77 matched controls were enrolled. The DNAs of participants were screened for nine polymorphisms, namely: β-Fibrinogen (- 455G > A), Factor XIII (V34L), Plasminogen Activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, 4G/5G), Human Platelet Antigen-1 (HPA1a/b), 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase MTHFR (C677T) and MTHFR (A1298C), Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) 287 bp insertion/deletion (I/D), Apolipoprotein-B (ApoB: R3500Q), and Apolipoprotein-E (Apo E: E2/E3/E4), using PCR and reverse hybridization technique. Among traditional risk factors, univariate analysis revealed that smoking (OR 2.86 [95%CI 1.53-5.34]), hyperlipidemia (OR 5.23 [95%CI 2.66-10.29]), and diabetes mellitus (OR 4.05 [95% CI 1.57-10.41]) were significantly higher among patients compared to controls (P<0.001, <0.001 and 0.002 respectively), while none of the nine genetic polymorphisms reached significance. Multivariate Logistic regression, however, revealed that only smoking and hyperlipidemia retained significance (P of < 0.001 each). The need to initiate further studies on larger cohorts is paramount to understand the higher than expected frequency of early-onset myocardial infarction in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameen M. Mohammad
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, 9 Azadi Hospital Rd, Duhok, 1014AM Iraq
| | - Galawezh O. Othman
- Department of Biology, Education College, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Chiman H. Saeed
- Medical Research Center, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - George S. Gedeon
- Consultant Clinical Biochemist, Gedeon Medical Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shatha M. Qadir
- Department of Hematology, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Nasir Al-Allawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
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Genetic loci associated with prevalent and incident myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230035. [PMID: 33186364 PMCID: PMC7665790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genomic loci associated with coronary artery disease, but most are common variants in non-coding regions that provide limited information on causal genes and etiology of the disease. To overcome the limited scope that common variants provide, we focused our investigation on low-frequency and rare sequence variations primarily residing in coding regions of the genome. METHODS AND RESULTS Using samples of individuals of European ancestry from ten cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, both cross-sectional and prospective analyses were conducted to examine associations between genetic variants and myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CHD), and all-cause mortality following these events. For prevalent events, a total of 27,349 participants of European ancestry, including 1831 prevalent MI cases and 2518 prevalent CHD cases were used. For incident cases, a total of 55,736 participants of European ancestry were included (3,031 incident MI cases and 5,425 incident CHD cases). There were 1,860 all-cause deaths among the 3,751 MI and CHD cases from six cohorts that contributed to the analysis of all-cause mortality. Single variant and gene-based analyses were performed separately in each cohort and then meta-analyzed for each outcome. A low-frequency intronic variant (rs988583) in PLCL1 was significantly associated with prevalent MI (OR = 1.80, 95% confidence interval: 1.43, 2.27; P = 7.12 × 10-7). We conducted gene-based burden tests for genes with a cumulative minor allele count (cMAC) ≥ 5 and variants with minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%. TMPRSS5 and LDLRAD1 were significantly associated with prevalent MI and CHD, respectively, and RC3H2 and ANGPTL4 were significantly associated with incident MI and CHD, respectively. No loci were significantly associated with all-cause mortality following a MI or CHD event. CONCLUSION This study identified one known locus (ANGPTL4) and four new loci (PLCL1, RC3H2, TMPRSS5, and LDLRAD1) associated with cardiovascular disease risk that warrant further investigation.
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Novick AM, Ross DA. Dualism and the 'Difficult Patient': Why Integrating Neuroscience Matters. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2020; 26:327-330. [PMID: 36570879 PMCID: PMC9788654 DOI: 10.1192/bja.2020.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients with psychiatric illness present a unique challenge to clinicians: in contrast to the traditional medical model, in which patients are conceptualized as being stricken by a disease, patients with certain psychiatric illnesses may seem complicit with the illness. Questions of free will, choice, and the role of the physician can cause clinicians to feel helpless, disinterested, or even resentful. These tensions are a lasting legacy of centuries of mind-body dualism. Over the past several decades, modern tools have finally allowed us to break down this false dichotomy. Integrating a modern neuroscience perspective into practice allows clinicians to conceptualize individuals with psychiatric illness in a way that promotes empathy and enhances patient care. Specifically, a strong grasp of neuroscience prevents clinicians from falling into the trap in which behavioral aspects of a patient's presentation are perceived as being somehow separate from the disease process. We demonstrate the value of incorporating neuroscience into a biopsychosocial formulation through the example of a "difficult patient."
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,Please address correspondence to: Andrew M Novick, MD PhD, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Psychiatry, Fitzsimmons Building, 13001 E 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,
| | - David A. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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The roles of ANRIL polymorphisms in coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:BSR20181559. [PMID: 30814313 PMCID: PMC6923330 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The relationship between antisense non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains inconclusive. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to better evaluate the roles of ANRIL polymorphisms in CAD. Methods: Systematic literature search of PubMed, Medline, and Embase was performed to identify potential relevant articles. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association. Results: Fifteen studies were finally enrolled for analyses. Overall analyses suggested that rs1333040 (dominant model: P<0.0001; recessive model: P<0.0001; allele model: P<0.0001), rs1333049 (dominant model: P=0.02; allele model: P=0.02) and rs2383207 (additive model: P=0.004) polymorphisms were significantly associated with the risk of CAD. Further subgroup analyses showed that rs1333040, rs1333049, and rs2383207 polymorphisms were significantly correlated with the risk of CAD in East Asians, rs2383206 and rs10757274 polymorphisms were significantly correlated with the risk of CAD in West Asians, while rs2383206, rs10757274, and rs10757278 polymorphisms were significantly correlated with the risk of CAD in Caucasians. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that rs1333040, rs1333049, rs2383206, rs2383207, rs10757274, and rs10757278 polymorphisms might serve as genetic biomarkers of CAD in certain ethnicities.
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Mujalli A, Banaganapalli B, Alrayes NM, Shaik NA, Elango R, Al-Aama JY. Myocardial infarction biomarker discovery with integrated gene expression, pathways and biological networks analysis. Genomics 2020; 112:5072-5085. [PMID: 32920122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most prevalent coronary heart disease caused by the complex molecular interactions between multiple genes and environment. Here, we aim to identify potential biomarkers for the disease development and for prognosis of MI. We have used gene expression dataset (GSE66360) generated from 51 healthy controls and 49 patients experiencing acute MI and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), protein-protein interactions (PPI), gene network-clusters to annotate the candidate pathways relevant to MI pathogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed 810 DEGs. Their functional annotations have captured several MI targeting biological processes and pathways like immune response, inflammation and platelets degranulation. PPI network identify seventeen hub and bottleneck genes, whose involvement in MI was further confirmed by DisGeNET database. OpenTarget Platform reveal unique bottleneck genes as potential target for MI. Our findings identify several potential biomarkers associated with early stage MI providing a new insight into molecular mechanism underlying the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Genetic Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuha Mohammad Alrayes
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor A Shaik
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Genetic Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Genetic Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Y Al-Aama
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Genetic Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Association of genetic defects in the apelin-AGTRL1 system with myocardial infarction risk in Han Chinese. Gene 2020; 766:145143. [PMID: 32911028 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to test the hypothesis that apelin (APLN) and its receptor AGTRL1 (APLNR) genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction in Han Chinese. This is a hospital-based, case-control association study, involving 1067 patients with myocardial infarction and 942 healthy controls. Myocardial infarction is diagnosed by electrocardiogram or anatomopathological examination. Eight polymorphisms in APLN gene and 5 in APLNR gene were genotyped using the TaqMan assay. Risk was summarized as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In males, rs56204867-G allele (adjusted OR, 95% CI, p: 0.21, 0.08-0.55, 0.002) and rs2235309-T allele (0.60, 0.42-0.84, 0.004) was associated with a significantly reduced risk of myocardial infarction, and the mutations of rs2235310 was associated with an increased risk (1.41, 1.06-2.52, 0.021), as well as for rs948847-GG genotype (1.85, 1.23-2.91, 0.007). In females, the presence of rs56204867-AG and -GG genotypes was significantly associated with 44% and 50% reduced risk (0.56 and 0.50, 0.40-8.04 and 0.29-0.86, 0.007 and 0.036), respectively; for rs2235310, CC genotype was associated with 72% increased risk (1.72, 1.09-3.22, 0.016), and the odds of myocardial infarction was 3.47 for rs9943582-TT genotype (95% CI: 1.53-7.57, 0.009). The gender-specific association of APLN and APLNR genes with myocardial infarction was reinforced by further linkage and haplotype analyses. Finally, nomograms based on significant polymorphisms are satisfactory, with the C-indexes over 80% for both genders. Taken together, our findings indicate that APLN and APLNR genes are potential candidates in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction in Han Chinese, and importantly their contribution is gender-dependent.
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Bahiraee A, Nejatizadeh A, Farshidi H, Malekzadeh K, Emamgholipour S, Ebrahimi R, Aghabozorgi AS, Yazdany M, Shekari M. Association analysis of premature coronary artery disease and cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) C100T and G1846A genetic variants and haplotypes in Iranian population. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Su H, Cao Y, Li J, Zhu Y, Ma X. GST null polymorphisms may affect the risk of coronary artery disease: evidence from a meta-analysis. Thromb J 2020; 18:20. [PMID: 32905149 PMCID: PMC7465724 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-020-00234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whether glutathione S-transferase (GST) null polymorphisms, namely GSTM1 null, GSTP1 null and GSTT1 null polymorphisms, influence the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) or not remains unclear. Thus, the authors performed a meta-analysis to more robustly estimate associations between GST null polymorphisms and the risk of CAD by integrating the results of previous publications. Methods Medline, Embase, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI were searched comprehensively for eligible studies, and 45 genetic association studies were finally selected to be included in this meta-analysis. Results We found that GSTM1 null polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of CAD in overall population (OR = 1.37, p = 0.003) and mixed population (OR = 1.61, p = 0.004), GSTP1 null polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of CAD in overall population (OR = 1.23, p = 0.03), whereas GSTT1 null polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of CAD in overall population (OR = 1.23, p = 0.02), Caucasians (OR = 1.23, p = 0.02) and East Asians (OR = 1.38, p < 0.0001). Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated that GSTM1 null, GSTP1 null and GSTT1 null polymorphisms were all significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Su
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Yunshan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Xuming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
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