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Sun J, Chang J, Guo Z, Sun H, Xu J, Liu X, Sun W. Proteomics Analysis of Renal Cell Line Caki-2 with AFMID Overexpression and Potential Biomarker Discovery in Urine. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 39213636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aromatic caninurine formamase (AFMID) is an enzyme involved in the tryptophan pathway, metabolizing N-formylkynurenine to kynurenine. AFMID had been found significantly downregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in both tissue and urine samples. Although ccRCC is characterized by a typical Warburg-like phenotype, mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevated fat deposition, it is unknown whether AFMID plays a role in tumorigenesis and the development of ccRCC. In the present study, AFMID overexpression had inhibitory effects for ccRCC cells, decreasing the rate of cell proliferation. Quantitative proteomics showed that AFMID overexpression altered cellular signaling pathways involved in cell growth and cellular metabolism pathways, including lipid metabolism and inositol phosphate metabolism. Further urine proteomic analysis indicated that cellular function dysfunction with AFMID overexpression could be reflected in the urine. The activity of predicted upregulators DDX58, TREX1, TGFB1, SMARCA4, and TNF in ccRCC cells and urine showed opposing change trends. Potential urinary biomarkers were tentatively discovered and further validated using an independent cohort. The protein panel of APOC3, UMOD, and CILP achieved an AUC value of 0.862 for the training cohort and 0.883 for the validation cohort. The present study is of significance in terms of highlighting various aspects of pathway changes associated with AFMID enzymes, discovering potential specific biomarkers for potential patient diagnosis, and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Sun
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jinchun Chang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences,7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
- School of Health, Quanzhou Medical College, No. 2 Anji Road, Luojiang District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province 362011, China
| | - Zhengguang Guo
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Haidan Sun
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Core Instrument Facility, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing 100005, China
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Chong X, Madeti Y, Cai J, Li W, Cong L, Lu J, Mo L, Liu H, He S, Yu C, Zhou Z, Wang B, Cao Y, Wang Z, Shen L, Wang Y, Zhang X. Recent developments in immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tract cancers. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:65. [PMID: 39123202 PMCID: PMC11316403 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed the rise of immunotherapy for Gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers. The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and PD ligand-1 antibodies, has become increasingly pivotal in the treatment of advanced and perioperative GI tract cancers. Currently, anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy is considered as first-line regimen for unselected advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJC), mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC), and advanced esophageal cancer (EC). In addition, the encouraging performance of claudin18.2-redirected chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in later-line GI tract cancers brings new hope for cell therapy in solid tumour treatment. Nevertheless, immunotherapy for GI tumour remains yet precise, and researchers are dedicated to further maximising and optimising the efficacy. This review summarises the important research, latest progress, and future directions of immunotherapy for GI tract cancers including EC, G/GEJC, and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Chong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yelizhati Madeti
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jieyuan Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wenfei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jialin Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Liyang Mo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Siyi He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhiruo Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Boya Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yanshuo Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhenghang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yakun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Ogata FT, Verma S, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Gesteira TF. TGF-β-Based Therapies for Treating Ocular Surface Disorders. Cells 2024; 13:1105. [PMID: 38994958 PMCID: PMC11240592 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cornea is continuously exposed to injuries, ranging from minor scratches to deep traumas. An effective healing mechanism is crucial for the cornea to restore its structure and function following major and minor insults. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), a versatile signaling molecule that coordinates various cell responses, has a central role in corneal wound healing. Upon corneal injury, TGF-β is rapidly released into the extracellular environment, triggering cell migration and proliferation, the differentiation of keratocytes into myofibroblasts, and the initiation of the repair process. TGF-β-mediated processes are essential for wound closure; however, excessive levels of TGF-β can lead to fibrosis and scarring, causing impaired vision. Three primary isoforms of TGF-β exist-TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3. Although TGF-β isoforms share many structural and functional similarities, they present distinct roles in corneal regeneration, which adds an additional layer of complexity to understand the role of TGF-β in corneal wound healing. Further, aberrant TGF-β activity has been linked to various corneal pathologies, such as scarring and Peter's Anomaly. Thus, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which TGF-β1-3 regulate corneal wound healing will enable the development of potential therapeutic interventions targeting the key molecule in this process. Herein, we summarize the multifaceted roles of TGF-β in corneal wound healing, dissecting its mechanisms of action and interactions with other molecules, and outline its role in corneal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T Ogata
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | | | - Tarsis F Gesteira
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Boudreault J, Canaff L, Ghozlan M, Wang N, Guarnieri V, Salcuni AS, Scillitani A, Goltzman D, Ali S, Lebrun JJ. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Regulates TGFβ-Mediated Suppression of Tumor Formation and Metastasis in Melanoma. Cells 2024; 13:973. [PMID: 38891107 PMCID: PMC11172218 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the worldwide incidence of cutaneous melanoma, a malignant neoplasm arising from melanocytes, has been increasing markedly, leading to the highest rate of skin cancer-related deaths. While localized tumors are easily removed by excision surgery, late-stage metastatic melanomas are refractory to treatment and exhibit a poor prognosis. Consequently, unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis is crucial for developing novel targeted therapies. We found that the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene product Menin is required for the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway to induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis in vitro and prevent tumorigenesis in vivo in preclinical xenograft models of melanoma. We further identified point mutations in two MEN1 family members affected by melanoma that led to proteasomal degradation of the MEN1 gene product and to a loss of TGFβ signaling. Interestingly, blocking the proteasome degradation pathway using an FDA-approved drug and RNAi targeting could efficiently restore MEN1 expression and TGFβ transcriptional responses. Together, these results provide new potential therapeutic strategies and patient stratification for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Boudreault
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Lucie Canaff
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Mostafa Ghozlan
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Ni Wang
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Vito Guarnieri
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Antonio Stefano Salcuni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, University-Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Alfredo Scillitani
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - David Goltzman
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Suhad Ali
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (L.C.); (M.G.); (N.W.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
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5
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Poulet S, Dai M, Wang N, Yan G, Boudreault J, Daliah G, Guillevin A, Nguyen H, Galal S, Ali S, Lebrun JJ. Genome-wide in vivo CRISPR screen identifies TGFβ3 as actionable biomarker of palbociclib resistance in triple negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:118. [PMID: 38831405 PMCID: PMC11145857 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains exceptionally challenging to treat. While CDK4/6 inhibitors have revolutionized HR + breast cancer therapy, there is limited understanding of their efficacy in TNBC and meaningful predictors of response and resistance to these drugs remain scarce. We conducted an in vivo genome-wide CRISPR screen using palbociclib as a selection pressure in TNBC. Hits were prioritized using microarray data from a large panel of breast cancer cell lines to identify top palbociclib sensitizers. Our study defines TGFβ3 as an actionable determinant of palbociclib sensitivity that potentiates its anti-tumor effects. Mechanistically, we show that chronic palbociclib exposure depletes p21 levels, contributing to acquired resistance, and that TGFβ3 treatment can overcome this. This study defines TGFβ3 as an actionable biomarker that can be used to improve patient stratification for palbociclib treatment and exploits the synergistic interaction between CDK4/6 and TGFβ3 to propose a new combinatorial treatment for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Poulet
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Meiou Dai
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gang Yan
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Boudreault
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Girija Daliah
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan Guillevin
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Huong Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Soaad Galal
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Suhad Ali
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Liadi Y, Campbell T, Dike P, Harlemon M, Elliott B, Odero-Marah V. Prostate cancer metastasis and health disparities: a systematic review. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024; 27:183-191. [PMID: 37046071 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00667-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men, significantly contributes to increased mortality rates worldwide. While the causative death is due to advanced metastatic disease, this occurrence disproportionately impacts men of African descent compared to men of European descent. In this review, we describe potential mechanisms underlying PCa metastases disparities and current treatments for metastatic disease among these populations, differences in treatment outcomes, and survival rates, in hopes of highlighting a need to address disparities in PCa metastases. METHODS We reviewed existing literature using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using the following keywords: "prostate cancer metastases", "metastatic prostate cancer disparity", "metastatic prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment", "prostate cancer genetic differences and mechanisms", "genetic differences and prostate tumor microenvironment", and "men of African descent and access to clinical treatments". The inclusion criteria for literature usage were original research articles and review articles. RESULTS Studies indicate unique genetic signatures and molecular mechanisms such as Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), inflammation, and growth hormone signaling involved in metastatic PCa disparities. Clinical studies also demonstrate differences in treatment outcomes that are race-specific, for example, patients of African descent have a better response to enzalutamide and immunotherapy yet have less access to these drugs as compared to patients of European descent. CONCLUSIONS Growing evidence suggests a connection between a patient's genetic profile, the prostate tumor microenvironment, and social determinants of health that contribute to the aggressiveness of metastatic disease and treatment outcomes. With several potential pathways highlighted, the limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic applications that target disparity in PCa metastases warrant rigorous research attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Liadi
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - Taaliah Campbell
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Precious Dike
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - Maxine Harlemon
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Bethtrice Elliott
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
- Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
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Stojnev S, Conic I, Ristic Petrovic A, Petkovic I, Radic M, Krstic M, Jankovic Velickovic L. The Association of Death Receptors and TGF-β1 Expression in Urothelial Bladder Cancer and Their Prognostic Significance. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1123. [PMID: 38791085 PMCID: PMC11117556 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Death receptor signalization that triggers the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and TGF-β1 have important roles in urothelial carcinogenesis, with a complex interplay between them. The aim of this research was to assess the association of death receptors DR4, DR5, and FAS as well as TGF-β1 immunohistochemical expression with the clinicopathological characteristics of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) and to evaluate their prognostic significance. The decrease or loss of death receptors' expression was significantly associated with muscle-invasive tumors, while non-invasive UBC often retains the expression of death receptors, which are mutually strongly linked. High DR4 expression is a marker of low-grade tumors and UBC associated with exposition to known carcinogens. Conversely, TGF-β1 was significantly associated with high tumor grade and advanced stage. High expression of DR4 and FAS indicates longer overall survival. High TGF-β1 signifies an inferior outcome and is an independent predictor of adverse prognosis in UBC patients. This study reveals the expression profile of death receptors in UBC and their possible interconnection with TGF-β1 and indicates independent prognostic significance of high FAS and TGF-β1 expression in UBC, which may contribute to deciphering the enigma of UBC heterogeneity in light of the rapid development of novel and effective therapeutic approaches, including targeting of the TRAIL-induced apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Stojnev
- Center for Pathology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Irena Conic
- Clinic of Oncology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (I.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Ana Ristic Petrovic
- Center for Pathology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Ivan Petkovic
- Clinic of Oncology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (I.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Milica Radic
- Clinic of Oncology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia; (I.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Miljan Krstic
- Center for Pathology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Ljubinka Jankovic Velickovic
- Center for Pathology, University Clinical Center Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
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8
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Ullah A, Jiao W, Shen B. The role of proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines (CXCL1-CXCL16) in the progression of prostate cancer: insights on their therapeutic management. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:73. [PMID: 38745115 PMCID: PMC11094955 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproductive cancers are malignancies that develop in the reproductive organs. One of the leading cancers affecting the male reproductive system on a global scale is prostate cancer (PCa). The negative consequences of PCa metastases endure and are severe, significantly affecting mortality and life quality for those who are affected. The association between inflammation and PCa has captured interest for a while. Inflammatory cells, cytokines, CXC chemokines, signaling pathways, and other elements make up the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is characterized by inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines are especially crucial for PCa development and prognosis. Cytokines (interleukins) and CXC chemokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α, CXCL1-CXCL6, and CXCL8-CXCL16 are thought to be responsible for the pleiotropic effects of PCa, which include inflammation, progression, angiogenesis, leukocyte infiltration in advanced PCa, and therapeutic resistance. The inflammatory cytokine and CXC chemokines systems are also promising candidates for PCa suppression and immunotherapy. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to provide insight on how the spectra of inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines evolve as PCa develops and spreads. We also discussed recent developments in our awareness of the diverse molecular signaling pathways of these circulating cytokines and CXC chemokines, as well as their associated receptors, which may one day serve as PCa-targeted therapies. Moreover, the current status and potential of theranostic PCa therapies based on cytokines, CXC chemokines, and CXC receptors (CXCRs) are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ullah
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Jiao
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Majocha MR, Jackson DE, Ha NH, Amin R, Pangrácová M, Ross CR, Yang HH, Lee MP, Hunter KW. Resf1 is a compound G4 quadruplex-associated tumor suppressor for triple negative breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011236. [PMID: 38722825 PMCID: PMC11081379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with ER-negative breast cancer have the worst prognosis of all breast cancer subtypes, often experiencing rapid recurrence or progression to metastatic disease shortly after diagnosis. Given that metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in most solid tumors, understanding metastatic biology is crucial for effective intervention. Using a mouse systems genetics approach, we previously identified 12 genes associated with metastatic susceptibility. Here, we extend those studies to identify Resf1, a poorly characterized gene, as a novel metastasis susceptibility gene in ER- breast cancer. Resf1 is a large, unstructured protein with an evolutionarily conserved intron-exon structure, but with poor amino acid conservation. CRISPR or gene trap mouse models crossed to the Polyoma Middle-T antigen genetically engineered mouse model (MMTV-PyMT) demonstrated that reduction of Resf1 resulted in a significant increase in tumor growth, a shortened overall survival time, and increased incidence and number of lung metastases, consistent with patient data. Furthermore, an analysis of matched tail and primary tissues revealed loss of the wildtype copy in tumor tissue, consistent with Resf1 being a tumor suppressor. Mechanistic analysis revealed a potential role of Resf1 in transcriptional control through association with compound G4 quadruplexes in expressed sequences, particularly those associated with ribosomal biogenesis. These results suggest that loss of Resf1 enhances tumor progression in ER- breast cancer through multiple alterations in both transcriptional and translational control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R. Majocha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Devin E. Jackson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Ngoc-Han Ha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marie Pangrácová
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christina R. Ross
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Howard H. Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maxwell P. Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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10
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Chen CC, Lee TL, Tsai IT, Hsuan CF, Hsu CC, Wang CP, Lu YC, Lee CH, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Wei CT. Tissue Expression of Growth Differentiation Factor 11 in Patients with Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:701. [PMID: 38611614 PMCID: PMC11011301 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) plays crucial roles in cellular processes, including differentiation and development; however, its clinical relevance in breast cancer patients is poorly understood. We enrolled 68 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at our hospital and assessed the expression of GDF11 in tumorous, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and non-tumorous tissues using immunohistochemical staining, with interpretation based on histochemical scoring (H-score). Our results indicated higher GDF11 expressions in DCIS and normal tissues compared to tumorous tissues. In addition, the GDF11 H-score was lower in the patients with a tumor size ≥ 2 cm, pathologic T3 + T4 stages, AJCC III-IV stages, Ki67 ≥ 14% status, HER2-negative, and specific molecular tumor subtypes. Notably, the patients with triple-negative breast cancer exhibited a loss of GDF11 expression. Spearman correlation analysis revealed associations between GDF11 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics, including tumor size, stage, Ki67, and molecular subtypes. Furthermore, GDF11 expression was positively correlated with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and negatively correlated with neutrophil count, as well as standard deviation and coefficient of variation of red cell distribution width. These findings suggest that a decreased GDF11 expression may play a role in breast cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Chen
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (I.-T.T.); (C.-F.H.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-P.W.); (F.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (I.-T.T.); (C.-F.H.)
- Department of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Hsuan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (I.-T.T.); (C.-F.H.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-P.W.); (F.-M.C.)
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 80794, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
- Health Examination Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 80794, Taiwan
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-P.W.); (F.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chuan Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hsun Lee
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (T.-L.L.); (C.-P.W.); (F.-M.C.)
| | - Yau-Jiunn Lee
- Lee’s Endocrinologic Clinic, Pingtung 90000, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
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11
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Ahuja S, Zaheer S. Multifaceted TGF-β signaling, a master regulator: From bench-to-bedside, intricacies, and complexities. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:87-127. [PMID: 37859532 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Physiological embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis are regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an evolutionarily conserved family of secreted polypeptide factors, acting in an autocrine and paracrine manner. The role of TGF-β in inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer is complex and sometimes even contradictory, exhibiting either inhibitory or promoting effects depending on the stage of the disease. Under pathological conditions, especially fibrosis and cancer, overexpressed TGF-β causes extracellular matrix deposition, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer-associated fibroblast formation, and/or angiogenesis. In this review article, we have tried to dive deep into the mechanism of action of TGF-β in inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. As TGF-β and its downstream signaling mechanism are implicated in fibrosis and carcinogenesis blocking this signaling mechanism appears to be a promising avenue. However, targeting TGF-β carries substantial risk as this pathway is implicated in multiple homeostatic processes and is also known to have tumor-suppressor functions. There is a need for careful dosing of TGF-β drugs for therapeutic use and patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ahuja
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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12
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Singh R, Srivastava P, Manna PP. Evaluation of regulatory T-cells in cancer immunotherapy: therapeutic relevance of immune checkpoint inhibition. Med Oncol 2024; 41:59. [PMID: 38238513 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of the complex immune system is equipped to defend against perilous intruders and concurrently negatively regulate the deleterious effect of immune-mediated inflammation caused by self and nonself antigens. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are specialized cells that minimize immune-mediated inflammation, but in malignancies, this feature has been exploited toward cancer progression by keeping the antitumor immune response in check. The modulation of Treg cell infiltration and their induction in the TME (tumor microenvironment) alongside associated inhibitory molecules, both soluble or membranes tethered in the TME, have proven clinically beneficial in boosting the tumoricidal activity of the immune system. Moreover, Treg-associated immune checkpoints pose a greater obstruction in cancer immunotherapy. Inhibiting or blocking active immune checkpoint signaling in combination with other therapies has proven clinically beneficial. This review summarizes the ontogeny of Treg cells and their migration, stability, and function in the TME. We also elucidate the Treg-associated checkpoint moieties that impede effective antitumor activity and harness these molecules for effective and targeted immunotherapy against cancer nuisance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Prateek Srivastava
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Partha Pratim Manna
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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13
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Li K, Liu W, Yu H, Chen J, Tang W, Wang J, Qi M, Sun Y, Xu X, Zhang J, Li X, Guo W, Li X, Song S, Tang S. 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging monitors response to combined TGF-βR inhibition and immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e170490. [PMID: 38175716 PMCID: PMC10866654 DOI: 10.1172/jci170490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDImproving and predicting tumor response to immunotherapy remains challenging. Combination therapy with a transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGF-βR) inhibitor that targets cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is promising for the enhancement of efficacy of immunotherapies. However, the effect of this approach in clinical trials is limited, requiring in vivo methods to better assess tumor responses to combination therapy.METHODSWe measured CAFs in vivo using the 68Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 (68Ga-FAPI-04) for PET/CT imaging to guide the combination of TGF-β inhibition and immunotherapy. One hundred thirty-one patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) underwent 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT imaging. The relationship between uptake of 68Ga-FAPI and tumor immunity was analyzed in patients. Mouse cohorts of metastatic CRC were treated with the TGF-βR inhibitor combined with KN046, which blocks programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CTLA-4, followed by 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT imaging to assess tumor responses.RESULTSPatients with metastatic CRC demonstrated high uptake rates of 68Ga-FAPI, along with suppressive tumor immunity and poor prognosis. The TGF-βR inhibitor enhanced tumor-infiltrating T cells and significantly sensitized metastatic CRC to KN046. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging accurately monitored the dynamic changes of CAFs and tumor response to combined the TGF-βR inhibitor with immunotherapy.CONCLUSION68Ga-FAPI PET/CT imaging is powerful in assessing tumor immunity and the response to immunotherapy in metastatic CRC. This study supports future clinical application of 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT to guide precise TGF-β inhibition plus immunotherapy in CRC patients, recommending 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG dual PET/CT for CRC management.TRIAL REGISTRATIONCFFSTS Trial, ChiCTR2100053984, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.FUNDINGNational Natural Science Foundation of China (82072695, 32270767, 82272035, 81972260).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Wei Liu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Hang Yu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Jiwei Chen
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxuan Tang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Yuyun Sun
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Ji Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Oncology and
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shaoli Song
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
| | - Shuang Tang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology and
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14
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Boudreault J, Wang N, Ghozlan M, Lebrun JJ. Transforming Growth Factor-β/Smad Signaling Inhibits Melanoma Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal, Tumor Formation and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:224. [PMID: 38201651 PMCID: PMC10778361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The secreted protein transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) plays essential roles, ranging from cell growth regulation and cell differentiation in both normal and cancer cells. In melanoma, TGFβ acts as a potent tumor suppressor in melanoma by blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. In the present study, we found TGFβ to regulate cancer stemness in melanoma through the Smad signaling pathway. We discovered that TGFβ/Smad signaling inhibits melanosphere formation in multiple melanoma cell lines and reduces expression of the CD133+ cancer stem cell subpopulation in a Smad3-dependent manner. Using preclinical models of melanoma, we further showed that preventing Smad3/4 signaling, by means of CRISPR knockouts, promoted both tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in vivo. Collectively, our results define new functions for the TGFβ/Smad signaling axis in melanoma stem-cell maintenance and open avenues for new therapeutic approaches to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jean-Jacques Lebrun
- Cancer Research Program, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QU H4A 3J1, Canada; (J.B.); (N.W.); (M.G.)
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15
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Tyagi N, Ralli T, Ali A, Kohli K. Hypothesizing the Green Synthesis of Tamoxifen Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:537-546. [PMID: 37231732 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230525104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death all over the world and is not only limited to females but also affects males. For estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, tamoxifen has been considered the gold-line therapy for many decades. However, due to the side effects associated with the use of tamoxifen, its use is only limited to individuals in high-risk groups and limits its clinical application to moderate and/or lower-risk groups. Thus, there is a necessity to decrease the dose of tamoxifen, which can be achieved by targeting the drug to breast cancer cells and limiting its absorption to other body parts. Artificial antioxidants used in the formulation preparation are assumed to upsurge the risk of cancer and liver damage in humans. The need of the hour is to explore bioefficient antioxidants from natural plant sources as they are safer and additionally possess antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The objective of this hypothesis is to prepare tamoxifen-loaded PEGylated NiO nanoparticles using green chemistry, tumbling the toxic effects of the conventional method of synthesis for targeted delivery to breast cancer cells. The significance of the work is to hypothesize a green method for the synthesis of NiO nanoparticles that are eco-friendly, cost-effective, decrease multidrug resistance, and can be used for targeted therapy. Garlic extract contains an organosulfur compound (Allicin) which has drug-metabolizing, anti-oxidant, and tumour growth inhibition effects. In breast cancer, allicin sensitizes estrogen receptors, increasing the anticancer efficacy of tamoxifen and reducing offsite toxicity. Thus, this garlic extract would act as a reducing agent and a capping agent. The use of nickel salt can help in targeted delivery to breast cancer cells and, in turn, reduces drug toxicity in different organs. This novel strategy may aim for cancer management with less toxic agents acting as an apt therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tyagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Tanya Ralli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Coschi CH, Juergens RA. Overcoming Resistance Mechanisms to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Leveraging the Anti-Tumor Immune Response. Curr Oncol 2023; 31:1-23. [PMID: 38275827 PMCID: PMC10814017 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As far back as 3000 years ago, the immune system was observed to play a role in mediating tumor regression. Since then, many strategies have been developed to leverage the anti-tumor immune response. However, while many patients respond to ICIs up front some do not, and many of those that do eventually experience tumor progression. Currently, there are several predictive biomarkers of the immune checkpoint inhibitor response; however, no one test appears to be universally predictive and their application varies by disease site. There are many ways in which cancer cells develop primary or acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Efforts to reverse resistance include ways to combat T cell exhaustion, reprogram the tumor microenvironment, increase the availability of tumor neo-antigens, target alternative immune checkpoints, restore a normal/healthy patient gut microbiome, oncolytic viruses and tumor vaccines. The most studied and most promising methods include combining ICIs with therapies targeting alternative immune checkpoints and restoring a normal/healthy patient gut microbiome. This review will discuss T cell-mediated immunity, how this is leveraged by modern immunotherapy to treat cancer and mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance, while highlighting strategies to overcome primary and secondary resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney H. Coschi
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, 699 Concession Street, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
| | - Rosalyn A. Juergens
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, 699 Concession Street, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
- Escarpment Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada
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17
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Wong RSJ, Ong RJM, Lim JSJ. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer: development, mechanisms of resistance and potential management strategies. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:768-787. [PMID: 38263984 PMCID: PMC10804393 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has increased exponentially in the past decade, although its progress specifically for breast cancer has been modest. The first U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for ICI in breast cancer came in 2019, eight years after the first-ever approval of an ICI. At present, current indications for ICIs are relevant only to a subset of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, or those displaying high microsatellite instability or deficiency in the mismatch repair protein pathway. With an increasing understanding of the limitations of using ICIs, which stem from breast cancer being innately poorly immunogenic, as well as the presence of various intrinsic and acquired resistance pathways, ongoing trials are evaluating different combination therapies to overcome these barriers. In this review, we aim to describe the development timeline of ICIs and resistance mechanisms limiting their utility, and summarise the available approaches and ongoing trials relevant to overcoming each resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel SJ Wong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Rebecca JM Ong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Joline SJ Lim
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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18
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Dąbrowska A, Grubba M, Balihodzic A, Szot O, Sobocki BK, Perdyan A. The Role of Regulatory T Cells in Cancer Treatment Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14114. [PMID: 37762416 PMCID: PMC10531820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous progress in cancer treatment in recent years, treatment resistance is still a major challenge for a great number of patients. One of the main causes is regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), which suppress excessive inflammatory responses via the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines and upregulate the immune checkpoints. Their abundance causes an immunosuppressive reprogramming of the tumor environment, which is ideal for tumor growth and drug inefficiency. Hence, regiments that can regain tumor immunogenicity are a promising strategy to overcome Tregs-mediated drug resistance. However, to develop effective therapeutic regimens, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms of Treg-mediated resistance. In this article, we gathered a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on molecular mechanisms and the role of Tregs in cancer treatment resistance, including cancer immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dąbrowska
- Student Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Grubba
- Student Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Amar Balihodzic
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Olga Szot
- Student Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Student Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adrian Perdyan
- 3P-Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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19
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Teli DM, Gajjar AK. Glycogen synthase kinase-3: A potential target for diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117406. [PMID: 37536264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Elevated circulating glucose level due to β-cell dysfunction has been a key marker of Type-II diabetes. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been recognized as an enzyme involved in the control of glycogen metabolism. Consequently, inhibitors of GSK-3 have been explored for anti-diabetic effects in vitro and in animal models. Further, the mechanisms governing the regulation of this enzyme have been elucidated by means of a combination of structural and cellular biological investigations. This review article examines the structural analysis of GSK-3 as well as molecular modeling reports from numerous researchers in the context of the design and development of GSK-3 inhibitors. This article centers on the signaling pathway of GSK-3 relevant to its potential as a target for diabetes and discusses advancements till date on different molecular modification approaches used by researchers in the development of novel GSK-3 inhibitors as potential therapeutics for the treatment of Type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya M Teli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Anuradha K Gajjar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
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20
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Liu D, Peng Y, Li X, Zhu Z, Mi Z, Zhang Z, Fan H. Comprehensive landscape of TGFβ-related signature in osteosarcoma for predicting prognosis, immune characteristics, and therapeutic response. J Bone Oncol 2023; 40:100484. [PMID: 37234254 PMCID: PMC10205544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly heterogeneous malignant bone tumor, and its tendency to metastasize leads to a poor prognosis. TGFβ is an important regulator in the tumor microenvironment and is closely associated with the progression of various types of cancer. However, the role of TGFβ-related genes in OS is still unclear. In this study, we identified 82 TGFβ DEGs based on RNA-seq data from the TARGET and GETx databases and classified OS patients into two TGFβ subtypes. The KM curve showed that the Cluster 2 patients had a substantially poorer prognosis than the Cluster 1 patients. Subsequently, a novel TGFβ prognostic signatures (MYC and BMP8B) were developed based on the results of univariate, LASSO, and multifactorial Cox analyses. These signatures showed robust and reliable predictive performance for the prognosis of OS in the training and validation cohorts. To predict the three-year and five-year survival rate of OS, a nomogram that integrated clinical features and risk scores was also developed. The GSEA analysis showed that the different subgroups analyzed had distinct functions, particularly, the low-risk group was associated with high immune activity and a high infiltration abundance of CD8 T cells. Moreover, our results indicated that low-risk cases had higher sensitivity to immunotherapy, while high-risk cases were more sensitive to sorafenib and axitinib. scRNA-Seq analysis further revealed that MYC and BMP8B were strongly expressed mainly in tumor stromal cells. Finally, in this study, we confirmed the expression of MYC and BMP8B by performing qPCR, WB, and IHC analyses. To conclude, we developed and validated a TGFβ-related signature to accurately predict the prognosis of OS. Our findings might contribute to personalized treatment and making better clinical decisions for OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhenzhou Mi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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21
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Ramundo V, Palazzo ML, Aldieri E. TGF-β as Predictive Marker and Pharmacological Target in Lung Cancer Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082295. [PMID: 37190223 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. LC onset is strongly related to genetic mutations and environmental interactions, such as tobacco smoking, or pathological conditions, such as chronic inflammation. Despite advancement in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in LC, this tumor is still characterized by an unfavorable prognosis, and the current therapeutic options are unsatisfactory. TGF-β is a cytokine that regulates different biological processes, particularly at the pulmonary level, and its alteration has been demonstrated to be associated with LC progression. Moreover, TGF-β is involved in promoting invasiveness and metastasis, via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction, where TGF-β is the major driver. Thus, a TGF-β-EMT signature may be considered a potential predictive marker in LC prognosis, and TGF-β-EMT inhibition has been demonstrated to prevent metastasis in various animal models. Concerning a LC therapeutic approach, some TGF-β and TGF-β-EMT inhibitors could be used in combination with chemo- and immunotherapy without major side effects, thereby improving cancer therapy. Overall, targeting TGF-β may be a valid possibility to fight LC, both in improving LC prognosis and cancer therapy, via a novel approach that could open up new effective strategies against this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ramundo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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22
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Jasuja H, Jaswandkar SV, Katti DR, Katti KS. Interstitial fluid flow contributes to prostate cancer invasion and migration to bone; study conducted using a novel horizontal flow bioreactor. Biofabrication 2023; 15:025017. [PMID: 36863017 PMCID: PMC10020972 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acc09a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer bone metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in the United States, causing severe damage to skeletal tissue. The treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer is always challenging due to limited drug treatment options, resulting in low survival rates. There is a scarcity of knowledge regarding the mechanisms associated with the effects of biomechanical cues by the interstitial fluid flow on prostate cancer cell growth and migration. We have designed a novel bioreactor system to demonstrate the impact of interstitial fluid flow on the migration of prostate cancer cells to the bone during extravasation. First, we demonstrated that a high flow rate induces apoptosis in PC3 cells via TGF-β1 mediated signaling; thus, physiological flow rate conditions are optimum for cell growth. Next, to understand the role of interstitial fluid flow in prostate cancer migration, we evaluated the migration rate of cells under static and dynamic conditions in the presence or absence of bone. We report that CXCR4 levels were not significantly changed under static and dynamic conditions, indicating that CXCR4 activation in PC3 cells is not influenced by flow conditions but by the bone, where CXCR4 levels were upregulated. The bone-upregulated CXCR4 levels led to increased MMP-9 levels resulting in a high migration rate in the presence of bone. In addition, upregulated levels ofαvβ3integrins under fluid flow conditions contributed to an overall increase in the migration rate of PC3 cells. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential role of interstitial fluid flow in prostate cancer invasion. Understanding the critical role of interstitial fluid flow in promoting prostate cancer cell progression will enhance current therapies for advanced-stage prostate cancer and provide improved treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Sharad V Jaswandkar
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
- Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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23
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Boyero L, Noguera-Uclés JF, Castillo-Peña A, Salinas A, Sánchez-Gastaldo A, Alonso M, Benedetti JC, Bernabé-Caro R, Paz-Ares L, Molina-Pinelo S. Aberrant Methylation of the Imprinted C19MC and MIR371-3 Clusters in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051466. [PMID: 36900258 PMCID: PMC10000578 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as an important contributor to tumor development through the modulation of gene expression. Our objective was to identify the methylation profile of the imprinted C19MC and MIR371-3 clusters in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to find their potential target genes, as well as to study their prognostic role. DNA methylation status was analyzed in a NSCLC patient cohort (n = 47) and compared with a control cohort including COPD patients and non-COPD subjects (n = 23) using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip. Hypomethylation of miRNAs located on chromosome 19q13.42 was found to be specific for tumor tissue. We then identified the target mRNA-miRNA regulatory network for the components of the C19MC and MIR371-3 clusters using the miRTargetLink 2.0 Human tool. The correlations of miRNA-target mRNA expression from primary lung tumors were analyzed using the CancerMIRNome tool. From those negative correlations identified, we found that a lower expression of 5 of the target genes (FOXF2, KLF13, MICA, TCEAL1 and TGFBR2) was significantly associated with poor overall survival. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the imprinted C19MC and MIR371-3 miRNA clusters undergo polycistronic epigenetic regulation leading to deregulation of important and common target genes with potential prognostic value in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Boyero
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Castillo-Peña
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Salinas
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Amparo Sánchez-Gastaldo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Miriam Alonso
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Johana Cristina Benedetti
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Reyes Bernabé-Caro
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- H12O Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- MD Anderson, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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24
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Martins-Lima C, Chianese U, Benedetti R, Altucci L, Jerónimo C, Correia MP. Tumor microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer: Cytokines in the game? Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1070383. [PMID: 36699696 PMCID: PMC9868260 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1070383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BlCa) is a highly immunogenic cancer. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients and, recently, second-line immunotherapies have arisen to treat metastatic BlCa patients. Understanding the interactions between tumor cells, immune cells and soluble factors in bladder tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial. Cytokines and chemokines released in the TME have a dual role, since they can exhibit both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory potential, driving infiltration and inflammation, and also promoting evasion of immune system and pro-tumoral effects. In BlCa disease, 70-80% are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, while 20-30% are muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) at the time of diagnosis. However, during the follow up, about half of treated NMIBC patients recur once or more, with 5-25% progressing to muscle-invasive bladder cancer, which represents a significant concern to the clinic. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one biological process associated with tumor progression. Specific cytokines present in bladder TME have been related with signaling pathways activation and EMT-related molecules regulation. In this review, we summarized the immune landscape in BlCa TME, along with the most relevant cytokines and their putative role in driving EMT processes, tumor progression, invasion, migration and metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Martins-Lima
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal,Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Chianese
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy,BIOGEM, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Avellino, Italy,IEOS, Institute of Endocrinology and Oncology, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology at School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal,*Correspondence: Carmen Jerónimo, , ; Margareta P. Correia,
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) and Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC) Raquel Seruca, Porto, Portugal,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology at School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal,*Correspondence: Carmen Jerónimo, , ; Margareta P. Correia,
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25
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Zarin B, Nedaeinia R, Laher I, Manian M, Javanmard SH. The effects of ALK5 inhibition and simultaneous inhibition or activation of HIF-1α in melanoma tumor growth and angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2023; 45:111-126. [PMID: 37927290 DOI: 10.3233/tub-220020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is the most common signature of the tumor microenvironment that drives tumorigenesis through the complex crosstalk of a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), with other intercellular signaling networks. Hypoxia increases transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression. TGF-β and HIF-1α play critical roles in several malignancies and their interactions in melanoma progression remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of inhibiting activin receptor-like kinase-5 (ALK5), a TGF-β receptor, on the response to HIF-1α activation or inhibition in melanoma tumor progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumors were induced in C57BL/6J mice by subcutaneous inoculation with B16F10 melanoma cells. Mice were divided into HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor (1 mg/kg) and HIF-1α inhibitor (100 mg/kg), ALK5 inhibitor, HIF-1α activator (1000 mg/kg), HIF-1α activator and ALK5 inhibitor, and control groups to receive inhibitors and activators through intraperitoneal injection. The expression of E-cadherin was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Vessel density and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR)-β+ cells around the vessels were investigated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The groups receiving HIF-1α inhibitor and activator showed lower and higher tumor growth compared to the control group, respectively. E-cadherin expression decreased in all groups compared to the control group, illustrating the dual function of E-cadherin in the tumor microenvironment. Vascular density was reduced in the groups given HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor, and ALK5 and HIF-1α inhibitor simultaneously. The percentage of PDGFR-β+ cells was reduced in the presence of HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor, HIF-1α and ALK5 inhibitors, and upon simultaneous treatment with HIF-1α activator and ALK5 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Despite increased expression and interaction between TGF-β and HIF-1α pathways in some cancers, in melanoma, inhibition of either pathway alone may have a stronger effect on tumor inhibition than simultaneous inhibition of both pathways. The synergistic effects may be context-dependent and should be further evaluated in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Zarin
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Salkin H, Yay A, Gokdemir NS, Gönen ZB, Özdamar S, Yakan B. TGF-B1-over-expressed adipose stem cells-derived secretome exhibits CD44 suppressor and anti-cancer properties via antagonistic effects against SMAD4 in breast cancer cells. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2022; 11:64-78. [PMID: 36660741 PMCID: PMC9845842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of TGF-B1-transfected adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC) conditional medium (TGF-B1-CM) on CD44 expression and biological activities in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. METHODS In the study, the experimental groups were created as a standard medium, AD-MSC-CM, TGF-B1-CM, and TGF-B1 recombinant protein. The medium and proteins specified in these groups were applied to MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells separately at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining were performed with antibodies suitable for CD44 and canonical smad signaling pathway analyses between groups. Cellular proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was measured by MTT. Biological activity analyses such as apoptosis, cell cycle, proliferation, DNA damage, and membrane depolarization between groups were tested on the Muse Cell Analyzer using appropriate kits. Cellular migration between groups was determined by showing cells that migrated to the scar area with in vitro scar formation. Statistics were performed with GraphPad Prism 8.02 software. RESULTS It was determined that TGF-B1-CM activates the smad signaling pathway in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. TGF-B1-CM increased pSMAD2/3 expression and decreased SMAD4 expression in breast cancer cells. A decrease in CD44 expression was found at points of increase in pSMAD2/3 expression. Decreased expression of SMAD4 in breast cancer cells with TGF-B1-CM was associated with decreased expression of CD44. In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, TGF-B1-CM was found to increase apoptosis, decrease proliferation, disrupt membrane depolarization, and arrest cells at G0/G1 stage. TGF-B1-CM suppressed MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 migrations. CONCLUSION SMAD4-targeted therapeutic strategies may be considered to suppress CD44 expression in breast cancer cells. Both the anti-tumorigenic factors released by AD-MSCs and the secretomes obtained as a result of supporting these factors with the overexpression of TGF-B1, severely suppressed breast cancer cells. With this study, it was planned to obtain a targeted biological product that suppresses breast cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Salkin
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Program of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School, Beykent UniversityIstanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes UniversityKayseri, Turkey
| | | | | | - Saim Özdamar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale UniversityKayseri, Turkey
| | - Birkan Yakan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes UniversityKayseri, Turkey
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27
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Beaven E, Kumar R, Bhatt HN, Esquivel SV, Nurunnabi M. Myofibroblast specific targeting approaches to improve fibrosis treatment. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13556-13571. [PMID: 36445310 PMCID: PMC9946855 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04825f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis has been shown to develop in individuals with underlying health conditions, especially chronic inflammatory diseases. Fibrosis is often diagnosed in various organs, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, heart, and skin, and has been described as excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix that can affect specific organs in the body or systemically throughout the body. Fibrosis as a chronic condition can result in organ failure and result in death of the individual. Understanding and identification of specific biomarkers associated with fibrosis has emerging potential in the development of diagnosis and targeting treatment modalities. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss multiple signaling pathways such as TGF-β, collagen, angiotensin, and cadherin and outline the chemical nature of the different signaling pathways involved in fibrogenesis as well as the mechanisms. Although it has been well established that TGF-β is the main catalyst initiating and driving multiple pathways for fibrosis, targeting TGF-β can be challenging as this molecule regulates essential functions throughout the body that help to keep the body in homeostasis. We also discuss collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins and their role in fibrosis. We comprehensively discuss the various delivery systems used to target collagen, angiotensin, and cadherins to manage fibrosis. Nevertheless, understanding the steps by which this molecule drives fibrosis development can aid in the development of specific targets of its cascading mechanism. Throughout the review, we will demonstrate the mechanism of fibrosis targeting to improve targeting delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elfa Beaven
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stephanie V Esquivel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Aerospace Center (cSETR), The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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28
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Bispo IMC, Granger HP, Almeida PP, Nishiyama PB, de Freitas LM. Systems biology and OMIC data integration to understand gastrointestinal cancers. World J Clin Oncol 2022; 13:762-778. [PMID: 36337313 PMCID: PMC9630993 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v13.i10.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a set of diverse diseases affecting many parts/ organs. The five most frequent GI cancer types are esophageal, gastric cancer (GC), liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer (CRC); together, they give rise to 5 million new cases and cause the death of 3.5 million people annually. We provide information about molecular changes crucial to tumorigenesis and the behavior and prognosis. During the formation of cancer cells, the genomic changes are microsatellite instability with multiple chromosomal arrangements in GC and CRC. The genomically stable subtype is observed in GC and pancreatic cancer. Besides these genomic subtypes, CRC has epigenetic modification (hypermethylation) associated with a poor prognosis. The pathway information highlights the functions shared by GI cancers such as apoptosis; focal adhesion; and the p21-activated kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, transforming growth factor beta, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. These pathways show survival, cell proliferation, and cell motility. In addition, the immune response and inflammation are also essential elements in the shared functions. We also retrieved information on protein-protein interaction from the STRING database, and found that proteins Akt1, catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), E1A binding protein P300, tumor protein p53 (TP53), and TP53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1) are central nodes in the network. The protein expression of these genes is associated with overall survival in some GI cancers. The low TP53BP1 expression in CRC, high EP300 expression in esophageal cancer, and increased expression of Akt1/TP53 or low CTNNB1 expression in GC are associated with a poor prognosis. The Kaplan Meier plotter database also confirmed the association between expression of the five central genes and GC survival rates. In conclusion, GI cancers are very diverse at the molecular level. However, the shared mutations and protein pathways might be used to understand better and reveal diagnostic/prognostic or drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasmin Moreira Costa Bispo
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Henry Paul Granger
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Palloma Porto Almeida
- Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Patricia Belini Nishiyama
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Leandro Martins de Freitas
- Núcleo de Biointegração, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45.029-094, Bahia, Brazil
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Lee HK, Ji HJ, Shin SK, Koo J, Kim TH, Kim CW, Seong YH, Park JE, Choi KC. Targeting transforming growth factor-β2 by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide accelerates T cell-mediated tumor rejection in a humanized mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2213-2226. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Current Opportunities for Targeting Dysregulated Neurodevelopmental Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162530. [PMID: 36010607 PMCID: PMC9406959 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly lethal type of brain tumor, with poor survival despite advances in understanding its complexity. After current standard therapeutic treatment, including tumor resection, radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with temozolomide, the median overall survival of patients with this type of tumor is less than 15 months. Thus, there is an urgent need for new insights into GBM molecular characteristics and progress in targeted therapy in order to improve clinical outcomes. The literature data revealed that a number of different signaling pathways are dysregulated in GBM. In this review, we intended to summarize and discuss current literature data and therapeutic modalities focused on targeting dysregulated signaling pathways in GBM. A better understanding of opportunities for targeting signaling pathways that influences malignant behavior of GBM cells might open the way for the development of novel GBM-targeted therapies.
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Wu R, Gandhi S, Tokumaru Y, Asaoka M, Oshi M, Yan L, Ishikawa T, Takabe K. Intratumoral PDGFB gene predominantly expressed in endothelial cells is associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, but not with metastasis in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 195:17-31. [PMID: 35793004 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) is known to play essential roles in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development, and tumor growth and vessel stabilization in experimental models. However, whether these findings could be translated to breast cancer patients remains unclear. We hypothesized that PDGFB gene expression is associated with angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients. METHODS A total of 7635 primary breast cancer patients with full transcriptome and clinical data available from 13 independent cohorts were analyzed using in silico approach. The median value was used to divide each cohort into high and low PDGFB expression groups. RESULTS High PDGFB gene expression was associated with increased expression of angiogenesis-related genes, higher amount of vascular cell infiltrations, and with enrichment of angiogenesis gene set, lymphangiogenesis-related gene expressions, lymphangiogenesis-related cell infiltrations, and enrichmentof lymphangiogenesis gene set in GSE96058 and validated by TCGA cohorts; however, not with lymphatic metastasis. PDGFB expression was neither associated with cell proliferation as assessed by Ki67 expression nor with Nottingham histological grade, or response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We found that PDGFB was most extensively expressed by endothelial and perivascular-like cells in the tumor microenvironment, and minimally by cancer cells consistently in two single-cell sequence cohorts. High PDGFB expression enriched TGFβ, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia, and cancer stem cell-associated pathways. However, no association with distant metastasis was observed. Disease-specific and disease-free survival were worse in the high PDGFB expression group consistently in TCGA and METABRIC cohorts. CONCLUSION PDGFB is predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and is associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, but not with cellular proliferation or metastasis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Shipra Gandhi
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Yoshihisa Tokumaru
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mariko Asaoka
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
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Zhang J, Li R, Huang S. The immunoregulation effect of tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:951019. [PMID: 35965504 PMCID: PMC9365986 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.951019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has the seventh highest death rate of all cancers. The absence of any serious symptoms, coupled with a lack of early prognostic and diagnostic markers, makes the disease untreatable in most cases. This leads to a delay in diagnosis and the disease progresses so there is no cure. Only about 20% of cases are diagnosed early. Surgical removal is the preferred treatment for cancer, but chemotherapy is standard for advanced cancer, although patients can eventually develop drug resistance and serious side effects. Chemoresistance is multifactorial because of the interaction among pancreatic cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nevertheless, more pancreatic cancer patients will benefit from precision treatment and targeted drugs. This review focuses on the immune-related components of TME and the interactions between tumor cells and TME during the development and progression of pancreatic cancer, including immunosuppression, tumor dormancy and escape. Finally, we discussed a variety of immune components-oriented immunotargeting drugs in TME from a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renfeng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sun X, Yang N, Zhou X, Dai H, Li Q, Feng A, Xu G, Liu Y, Xu L, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Li X. CILP, a Putative Gene Associated With Immune Infiltration in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases. Front Genet 2022; 13:862264. [PMID: 35711946 PMCID: PMC9196191 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.862264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of brain metastases (BM), with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to explore the effect of the cartilage intermediate layer protein (CILP) on breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM). Using a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) in GSE100534 and GSE125989 datasets, we found that the yellow module was closely related to the occurrence of BCBM, and CILP was a hub gene in the yellow module. Low CILP expression was associated with a poor prognosis, and it was an independent prognostic factor for stage III-IV BC determined using Cox regression analysis. A nomogram model including CILP expression was established to predict the 5-, 7-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) probabilities of stage III-IV BC patients. We found that CILP mRNA expression was downregulated in BCBM through GSE100534, GSE125989, and GSE43837 datasets. In addition, we found that CILP mRNA expression was negatively correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which is involved in regulating the development of BM. UALCAN analysis showed that CILP expression was downregulated in HER2-positive (HER2+) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which are more prone to BM. The vitro experiments demonstrated that CILP significantly inhibited BC cell proliferation and metastasis. Western blot (WB) results further showed that the mesenchymal protein marker vimentin was significantly downregulated following CILP overexpression, suggesting that CILP could participate in migration through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A comparison of CILP expression using immunohistochemistry in BC and BCBM showed that CILP was significantly downregulated in BCBM. In addition, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) revealed that CILP was associated with the T-cell receptor signaling pathway in BCBM and BC, indicating that CILP may be involved in BCBM through immune effects. BCBM showed lower immune infiltration than BC. Moreover, CILP expression was positively correlated with HLA-II, T helper cells (CD4+ T cells), and Type II IFN Response in BCBM. Collectively, our study indicates that CILP is associated with immune infiltration and may be a putative gene involved in BCBM. CILP offers new insights into the pathogenesis of BCBM, which will facilitate the development of novel targets for BCBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Sun
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingguo Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Honghai Dai
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Alei Feng
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Gongwen Xu
- Business School, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Linzong Xu
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanyu Zhang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Hypoxia Selectively Increases a SMAD3 Signaling Axis to Promote Cancer Cell Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112751. [PMID: 35681731 PMCID: PMC9179584 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) plays a paradoxical role in cancer, first inhibiting then promoting its progression, a duality that poses a real challenge for the development of effective TGFβ-targeted therapies. The major TGFβ downstream effectors, SMAD2 and SMAD3, display both distinct and overlapping functions and accumulating evidence suggests that their activation ratio may contribute to the dual effect of TGFβ. However, the mechanisms responsible for their selective activation remain poorly understood. Here, we provide experimental evidence that hypoxia induces the pro-invasive arm of TGFβ signaling through a selective increase in SMAD3 interaction with SMAD-Anchor for Receptor Activation (SARA). This event relies on HDAC6-dependent SMAD3 bioavailability, as well as increased SARA recruitment to EEA1+ endosomes. A motility gene expression study indicated that SMAD3 selectively increased the expression of ITGB2 and VIM, two genes that were found to be implicated in hypoxia-induced cell invasion and associated with tumor progression and metastasis in cohorts of cancer patients. Furthermore, CAM xenograft assays show the significant benefit of selective inhibition of the SMAD3 signaling pathway as opposed to global TGFβ inhibition in preventing tumor progression. Overall, these results suggest that fine-tuning of the pro-invasive HDAC6-SARA-SMAD3 axis could be a better strategy towards effective cancer treatments.
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Vignjević Petrinović S, Jauković A, Milošević M, Bugarski D, Budeč M. Targeting Stress Erythropoiesis Pathways in Cancer. Front Physiol 2022; 13:844042. [PMID: 35694408 PMCID: PMC9174937 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.844042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related anemia (CRA) is a common multifactorial disorder that adversely affects the quality of life and overall prognosis in patients with cancer. Safety concerns associated with the most common CRA treatment options, including intravenous iron therapy and erythropoietic-stimulating agents, have often resulted in no or suboptimal anemia management for many cancer patients. Chronic anemia creates a vital need to restore normal erythropoietic output and therefore activates the mechanisms of stress erythropoiesis (SE). A growing body of evidence demonstrates that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling, along with glucocorticoids, erythropoietin, stem cell factor, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and hypoxia-inducible factors, plays a pivotal role in SE. Nevertheless, a chronic state of SE may lead to ineffective erythropoiesis, characterized by the expansion of erythroid progenitor pool, that largely fails to differentiate and give rise to mature red blood cells, further aggravating CRA. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the emerging roles for stress erythroid progenitors and activated SE pathways in tumor progression, highlighting the urgent need to suppress ineffective erythropoiesis in cancer patients and develop an optimal treatment strategy as well as a personalized approach to CRA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Vignjević Petrinović
- Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Milošević
- Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirela Budeč
- Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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FOXO transcriptional activity is associated with response to chemoradiation in EAC. J Transl Med 2022; 20:183. [PMID: 35468793 PMCID: PMC9036728 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we aimed to investigate signaling pathways that drive therapy resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Paraffin-embedded material was analyzed in two patient cohorts: (i) 236 EAC patients with a primary tumor biopsy and corresponding post neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) resection; (ii) 66 EAC patients with resection and corresponding recurrence. Activity of six key cancer-related signaling pathways was inferred using the Bayesian inference method. When assessing pre- and post-nCRT samples, lower FOXO transcriptional activity was observed in poor nCRT responders compared to good nCRT responders (p = 0.0017). This poor responder profile was preserved in recurrences compared to matched resections (p = 0.0007). PI3K pathway activity, inversely linked with FOXO activity, was higher in CRT poor responder cell lines compared to CRT good responders. Poor CRT responder cell lines could be sensitized to CRT using PI3K inhibitors. To conclude, by using a novel method to measure signaling pathway activity on clinically available material, we identified an association of low FOXO transcriptional activity with poor response to nCRT. Targeting this pathway sensitized cells for nCRT, underlining its feasibility to select appropriate targeted therapies.
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Tewari D, Priya A, Bishayee A, Bishayee A. Targeting transforming growth factor-β signalling for cancer prevention and intervention: Recent advances in developing small molecules of natural origin. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e795. [PMID: 35384373 PMCID: PMC8982327 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, but a significant advancement in cancer treatment has been achieved within the last few decades. However, major adverse effects and drug resistance associated with standard chemotherapy have led towards targeted treatment options. OBJECTIVES Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, regeneration, and tissue homeostasis. The prime objective of this review is to decipher the role of TGF-β in oncogenesis and to evaluate the potential of various natural and synthetic agents to target this dysregulated pathway to confer cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic effects. METHODS Various authentic and scholarly databases were explored to search and obtain primary literature for this study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria was followed for the review. RESULTS Here we provide a comprehensive and critical review of recent advances on our understanding of the effect of various bioactive natural molecules on the TGF-β signaling pathway to evaluate their full potential for cancer prevention and therapy. CONCLUSION Based on emerging evidence as presented in this work, TGF-β-targeting bioactive compounds from natural sources can serve as potential therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of PharmacognosySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjabIndia
| | - Anu Priya
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjabIndia
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic MedicineLake Erie College of Osteopathic MedicineBradentonFloridaUSA
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Zhao G, Pan AY, Feng Y, Rasko JE, Bailey CG, Lovicu FJ. Sprouty and Spred temporally regulate ERK1/2-signaling to suppress TGFβ-induced lens EMT. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Alwhaibi A, Parvathagiri V, Verma A, Artham S, Adil MS, Somanath PR. Regulation of Let-7a-5p and miR-199a-5p Expression by Akt1 Modulates Prostate Cancer Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via the Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071625. [PMID: 35406397 PMCID: PMC8996869 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The molecular mechanisms regulating the switch from the growth of tumor cells to invasive phenotype for metastasis is largely unknown. Molecules such as Akt1 and TGFβ have been demonstrated to play reciprocal roles in the early and advanced stages of cancers, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition has been identified as a common link in the process. Advancing our knowledge on the direct association between these two pathways and how their effects are reconciled in the advanced stages of cancers such as prostate cancer will have therapeutic benefits. Identifying the role of microRNAs in the process will also benefit the scientific community. Abstract Akt1 suppression in advanced cancers has been indicated to promote metastasis. Our understanding of how Akt1 orchestrates this is incomplete. Using the NanoString®-based miRNA and mRNA profiling of PC3 and DU145 cells, and subsequent data analysis using the DIANA-mirPath, dbEMT, nCounter, and Ingenuity® databases, we identified the miRNAs and associated genes responsible for Akt1-mediated prostate cancer (PCa) epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Akt1 loss in PC3 and DU145 cells primarily induced changes in the miRNAs and mRNAs regulating EMT genes. These include increased miR-199a-5p and decreased let-7a-5p expression associated with increased TGFβ-R1 expression. Treatment with locked nucleic acid (LNA) miR-199a-5p inhibitor and/or let-7a-5p mimic induced expression changes in EMT genes correlating to their anticipated effects on PC3 and DU145 cell motility, invasion, and TGFβ-R1 expression. A correlation between increased miR-199a-5p and TGFβ-R1 expression with reduced let-7a-5p was also observed in high Gleason score PCa patients in the cBioportal database analysis. Collectively, our studies show the effect of Akt1 suppression in advanced PCa on EMT modulating miRNA and mRNA expression changes and highlight the potential benefits of miR-199a-5p and let-7a-5p in therapy and/or early screening of mPCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy at King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Varun Parvathagiri
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Arti Verma
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sandeep Artham
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mir S. Adil
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (A.A.); (V.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.); (M.S.A.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence:
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Mohammad Mirzaei N, Changizi N, Asadpoure A, Su S, Sofia D, Tatarova Z, Zervantonakis IK, Chang YH, Shahriyari L. Investigating key cell types and molecules dynamics in PyMT mice model of breast cancer through a mathematical model. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009953. [PMID: 35294447 PMCID: PMC8959189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common kind of cancer among women is breast cancer. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and the interactions between individual cells and cytokines assists us in arriving at more effective treatments. Here, we develop a data-driven mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of key cell types and cytokines involved in breast cancer development. We use time-course gene expression profiles of a mouse model to estimate the relative abundance of cells and cytokines. We then employ a least-squares optimization method to evaluate the model's parameters based on the mice data. The resulting dynamics of the cells and cytokines obtained from the optimal set of parameters exhibit a decent agreement between the data and predictions. We perform a sensitivity analysis to identify the crucial parameters of the model and then perform a local bifurcation on them. The results reveal a strong connection between adipocytes, IL6, and the cancer population, suggesting them as potential targets for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Navid Changizi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alireza Asadpoure
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sumeyye Su
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dilruba Sofia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Leili Shahriyari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Kallenbach JG, Freeberg MAT, Abplanalp D, Alenchery RG, Ajalik RE, Muscat S, Myers JA, Ashton JM, Loiselle A, Buckley MR, van Wijnen AJ, Awad HA. Altered TGFB1 regulated pathways promote accelerated tendon healing in the superhealer MRL/MpJ mouse. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3026. [PMID: 35194136 PMCID: PMC8863792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the molecular mechanisms of tendon healing, we investigated the Murphy Roth's Large (MRL) mouse, which is considered a model of mammalian tissue regeneration. We show that compared to C57Bl/6J (C57) mice, injured MRL tendons have reduced fibrotic adhesions and cellular proliferation, with accelerated improvements in biomechanical properties. RNA-seq analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes in the C57 healing tendon at 7 days post injury were functionally linked to fibrosis, immune system signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, while the differentially expressed genes in the MRL injured tendon were dominated by cell cycle pathways. These gene expression changes were associated with increased α-SMA+ myofibroblast and F4/80+ macrophage activation and abundant BCL-2 expression in the C57 injured tendons. Transcriptional analysis of upstream regulators using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed positive enrichment of TGFB1 in both C57 and MRL healing tendons, but with different downstream transcriptional effects. MRL tendons exhibited of cell cycle regulatory genes, with negative enrichment of the cell senescence-related regulators, compared to the positively-enriched inflammatory and fibrotic (ECM organization) pathways in the C57 tendons. Serum cytokine analysis revealed decreased levels of circulating senescence-associated circulatory proteins in response to injury in the MRL mice compared to the C57 mice. These data collectively demonstrate altered TGFB1 regulated inflammatory, fibrosis, and cell cycle pathways in flexor tendon repair in MRL mice, and could give cues to improved tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Kallenbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A T Freeberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - David Abplanalp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rahul G Alenchery
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Raquel E Ajalik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Samantha Muscat
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacquelyn A Myers
- UR Genomics Research Center (GRC), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John M Ashton
- UR Genomics Research Center (GRC), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alayna Loiselle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Mark R Buckley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Hani A Awad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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He Z, Khatib AM, Creemers JWM. The proprotein convertase furin in cancer: more than an oncogene. Oncogene 2022; 41:1252-1262. [PMID: 34997216 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Furin is the first discovered proprotein convertase member and is present in almost all mammalian cells. Therefore, by regulating the maturation of a wide range of proproteins, Furin expression and/or activity is involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes ranging from embryonic development to carcinogenesis. Since many of these protein precursors are involved in initiating and maintaining the hallmarks of cancer, Furin has been proposed as a potential target for treating several human cancers. In contrast, other studies have revealed that some types of cancer do not benefit from Furin inhibition. Therefore, understanding the heterogeneous functions of Furin in cancer will provide important insights into the design of effective strategies targeting Furin in cancer treatment. Here, we present recent advances in understanding how Furin expression and activity are regulated in cancer cells and their influences on the activity of Furin substrates in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss how Furin represses tumorigenic properties of several cancer cells and why Furin inhibition leads to aggressive phenotypes in other tumors. Finally, we summarize the clinical applications of Furin inhibition in treating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongsheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abdel-Majid Khatib
- INSERM, LAMC, UMR 1029, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, Pessac, France.
- Institut Bergoinié, Bordeaux, France.
| | - John W M Creemers
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Zur RT, Adler G, Shamalov K, Tal Y, Ankri C, Cohen CJ. Adoptive T-cell Immunotherapy: Perfecting Self-Defenses. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2022; 113:253-294. [PMID: 35165867 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91311-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an important part of the immune system, T lymphocytes exhibit undoubtedly an important role in targeting and eradicating cancer. However, despite these characteristics, their natural antitumor response may be insufficient. Numerous clinical trials in terminally ill cancer patients testing the design of novel and efficient immunotherapeutic approaches based on the adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-specific T lymphocytes have shown encouraging results. Moreover, this also led to the approval of engineered T-cell therapies in patients. Herein, we will expand on the development and the use of such strategies using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes or genetically engineered T-cells. We will also comment on the requirements and potential hurdles encountered when elaborating and implementing such treatments as well as the exciting prospects for this kind of emerging personalized medicine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Toledano Zur
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Galit Adler
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Katerina Shamalov
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yair Tal
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Chen Ankri
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Cyrille J Cohen
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Hsiao Y, Chi J, Li C, Chen L, Chen Y, Liang H, Lo Y, Hong J, Chuu C, Hung L, Du J, Chang W, Wang J. Disruption of the pentraxin 3/CD44 interaction as an efficient therapy for triple-negative breast cancers. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e724. [PMID: 35090088 PMCID: PMC8797470 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the heterogeneity and high frequency of genome mutations in cancer cells, targeting vital protumour factors found in stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment may represent an ideal strategy in cancer therapy. However, the regulation and mechanisms of potential targetable therapeutic candidates need to be investigated. An in vivo study demonstrated that loss of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in stromal cells significantly decreased the metastasis and growth of cancer cells. Clinically, our results indicate that stromal PTX3 expression correlates with adverse prognostic features and is associated with worse survival outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We also found that transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) induces PTX3 expression by activating the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPD) in stromal fibroblasts. Following PTX3 stimulation, CD44, a PTX3 receptor, activates the downstream ERK1/2, AKT and NF-κB pathways to specifically contribute to the metastasis/invasion and stemness of TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells. Two types of PTX3 inhibitors were developed to disrupt the PTX3/CD44 interaction and they showed a significant effect on attenuating growth and restricting the metastasis/invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, suggesting that targeting the PTX3/CD44 interaction could be a new strategy for future TNBC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Wei Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Jhih‐Ying Chi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Chien‐Feng Li
- Department of PathologyChi‐Mei Medical CenterTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Lei‐Yi Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Yi‐Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Hsin‐Yin Liang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Yu‐Chih Lo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Jhen‐Yi Hong
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Chin‐Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System MedicineNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoli CountyTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Liang‐Yi Hung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Jyun‐Yi Du
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Wen‐Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan R. O. C.
| | - Ju‐Ming Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan R. O. C.
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and RegenerationNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
- Department of Physiology, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan R. O. C.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan R. O. C.
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Xu C, Marelli B, Qi J, Qin G, Yu H, Wang H, Jenkins MH, Lo KM, Lan Y. NHS-IL12 and bintrafusp alfa combination therapy enhances antitumor activity in preclinical cancer models. Transl Oncol 2021; 16:101322. [PMID: 34954456 PMCID: PMC8718653 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy induced both adaptive and innate antitumor immunity. Combination therapy significantly enhanced antitumor activity. Combination therapy generated tumor antigen specific immune memory. Bintrafusp alfa mediated the reduction of lung metastases.
Combinatorial immunotherapy approaches are emerging as viable cancer therapeutic strategies for improving patient responses and outcomes. This study investigated whether two such immunotherapies, with complementary mechanisms of action, could enhance antitumor activity in murine tumor models. The immunocytokine NHS-IL12, and surrogate NHS-muIL12, are designed to deliver IL-12 and muIL-12, respectively, to the tumor microenvironment (TME) to activate NK cells and CD8+ T cells and increase their cytotoxic functions. Bintrafusp alfa (BA) is a bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domains of the TGF-β receptor II to function as a TGF-β “trap” fused to a human IgG1 antibody blocking PD-L1. With this dual-targeting strategy, BA enhances efficacy over that of monotherapies in preclinical studies. In this study, NHS-muIL12 and BA combination therapy enhanced antitumor activity, prolonged survival, and induced tumor-specific antitumor immunity. This combination therapy increased tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and induced immune profiles, consistent with the activation of both adaptive and innate immune systems. In addition, BA reduced lung metastasis in the 4T1 model. Collectively, these findings could support clinical trials designed to investigate NHS-IL12 and BA combination therapy for patients with advanced solid tumors
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Xu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
| | - Bo Marelli
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Jin Qi
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Guozhong Qin
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Huakui Yu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Molly H Jenkins
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Kin-Ming Lo
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Yan Lan
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
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Lohani S, Funato Y, Akieda Y, Mizutani K, Takai Y, Ishitani T, Miki H. A novel role of PRL in regulating epithelial cell density by inducing apoptosis at confluence. J Cell Sci 2021; 135:273809. [PMID: 34931244 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining proper epithelial cell density is essential for the survival of multicellular organisms. While regulation of cell density through apoptosis is well known, its mechanistic details remain elusive. Here, we report the involvement of membrane-anchored phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL), originally known for its role in cancer malignancy, in this process. In epithelial MDCK cells, upon confluence, doxycycline-induced expression of PRL upregulated apoptosis, reducing the cell density. This could be circumvented by artificially reducing the cell density via stretching the cell-seeded silicon chamber. Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous PRL blocked apoptosis, leading to greater cell density. Mechanistically, PRL promoted apoptosis by upregulating the translation of E-cadherin and activating TGF-β pathway. Morpholino-mediated inhibition of PRL expression in zebrafish embryos caused developmental defect with reduced apoptosis and increased epithelial cell density during convergent extension. This study revealed a novel role of PRL in regulating density-dependent apoptosis in vertebrate epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweksha Lohani
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yosuke Funato
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Akieda
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Mizutani
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miki
- Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Chung J, Huda MN, Shin Y, Han S, Akter S, Kang I, Ha J, Choe W, Choi TG, Kim SS. Correlation between Oxidative Stress and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta in Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413181. [PMID: 34947978 PMCID: PMC8707703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The downregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) facilitates precancerous tumor development, even though increasing the level of ROS can promote metastasis. The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays an anti-tumorigenic role in the initial stages of cancer development but a pro-tumorigenic role in later stages that fosters cancer metastasis. TGF-β can regulate the production of ROS unambiguously or downregulate antioxidant systems. ROS can influence TGF-β signaling by enhancing its expression and activation. Thus, TGF-β signaling and ROS might significantly coordinate cellular processes that cancer cells employ to expedite their malignancy. In cancer cells, interplay between oxidative stress and TGF-β is critical for tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Thus, both TGF-β and ROS can develop a robust relationship in cancer cells to augment their malignancy. This review focuses on the appropriate interpretation of this crosstalk between TGF-β and oxidative stress in cancer, exposing new potential approaches in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwook Chung
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UAMS Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences UAMS, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Salima Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Insug Kang
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Correspondence: (T.G.C.); (S.S.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0287 (T.G.C.); +82-2-961-0524 (S.S.K.)
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.C.); (M.N.H.); (Y.S.); (S.H.); (I.K.); (J.H.); (W.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.G.C.); (S.S.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0287 (T.G.C.); +82-2-961-0524 (S.S.K.)
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Luo F, Huang Y, Li Y, Zhao X, Xie Y, Zhang Q, Mei J, Liu X. A narrative review of the relationship between TGF-β signaling and gynecological malignant tumor. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1601. [PMID: 34790807 PMCID: PMC8576662 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective This paper reviews the association between transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and its receptor and tumor, focusing on gynecological malignant tumors. we hope to provide more methods to help increase the potential of TGF-β signaling targeted treatment of specific cancers. Background The occurrence of a malignant tumor is a complex process of multi-step, multi-gene regulation, and its progression is affected by various components of the tumor cells and/or tumor microenvironment. The occurrence of gynecological diseases not only affect women's health, but also bring some troubles to their normal life. Especially when gynecological malignant tumors occur, the situation is more serious, which will endanger the lives of patients. Due to differences in environmental and economic conditions, not all women have access to assistance and treatment specifically meeting their needs. TGF-β is a multi-potent growth factor that maintains homeostasis in mammals by inhibiting cell growth and promoting apoptosis in vivo. TGF-β signaling is fundamental to inflammatory disease and favors the emergence of tumors, and it also plays an important role in immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. In the early stages of the tumor, TGF-β acts as a tumor inhibitor, whereas in advanced tumors, mutations or deletion of the TGF-β signaling core component initiate neogenesis. Methods Literatures about TGF-β and gynecological malignant tumor were extensively reviewed to analyze and discuss. Conclusions We discussed the role of TGF-β signaling in different types of gynecological tumor cells, thus demonstrating that targeted TGF-β signaling may be an effective tumor treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gupta A, Budhu S, Fitzgerald K, Giese R, Michel AO, Holland A, Campesato LF, van Snick J, Uyttenhove C, Ritter G, Wolchok JD, Merghoub T. Isoform specific anti-TGFβ therapy enhances antitumor efficacy in mouse models of cancer. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1296. [PMID: 34789823 PMCID: PMC8599839 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TGFβ is a potential target in cancer treatment due to its dual role in tumorigenesis and homeostasis. However, the expression of TGFβ and its inhibition within the tumor microenvironment has mainly been investigated in stroma-heavy tumors. Using B16 mouse melanoma and CT26 colon carcinoma as models of stroma-poor tumors, we demonstrate that myeloid/dendritic cells are the main sources of TGFβ1 and TGFβ3. Depending on local expression of TGFβ isoforms, isoform specific inhibition of either TGFβ1 or TGFβ3 may be effective. The TGFβ signature of CT26 colon carcinoma is defined by TGFβ1 and TGFβ1 inhibition results in tumor delay; B16 melanoma has equal expression of both isoforms and inhibition of either TGFβ1 or TGFβ3 controls tumor growth. Using T cell functional assays, we show that the mechanism of tumor delay is through and dependent on enhanced CD8+ T cell function. To overcome the local immunosuppressive environment, we found that combining TGFβ inhibition with immune checkpoint blockade results in improved tumor control. Our data suggest that TGFβ inhibition in stroma poor tumors shifts the local immune environment to favor tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Gupta
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kelly Fitzgerald
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rachel Giese
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Adam O Michel
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Center of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Aliya Holland
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Luis Felipe Campesato
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | | | - Gerd Ritter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Trivedi T, Pagnotti GM, Guise TA, Mohammad KS. The Role of TGF-β in Bone Metastases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1643. [PMID: 34827641 PMCID: PMC8615596 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Complications associated with advanced cancer are a major clinical challenge and, if associated with bone metastases, worsen the prognosis and compromise the survival of the patients. Breast and prostate cancer cells exhibit a high propensity to metastasize to bone. The bone microenvironment is unique, providing fertile soil for cancer cell propagation, while mineralized bone matrices store potent growth factors and cytokines. Biologically active transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), one of the most abundant growth factors, is released following tumor-induced osteoclastic bone resorption. TGF-β promotes tumor cell secretion of factors that accelerate bone loss and fuel tumor cells to colonize. Thus, TGF-β is critical for driving the feed-forward vicious cycle of tumor growth in bone. Further, TGF-β promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increasing cell invasiveness, angiogenesis, and metastatic progression. Emerging evidence shows TGF-β suppresses immune responses, enabling opportunistic cancer cells to escape immune checkpoints and promote bone metastases. Blocking TGF-β signaling pathways could disrupt the vicious cycle, revert EMT, and enhance immune response. However, TGF-β's dual role as both tumor suppressor and enhancer presents a significant challenge in developing therapeutics that target TGF-β signaling. This review presents TGF-β's role in cancer progression and bone metastases, while highlighting current perspectives on the therapeutic potential of targeting TGF-β pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Trivedi
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Gabriel M. Pagnotti
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Theresa A. Guise
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
| | - Khalid S. Mohammad
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (T.T.); (G.M.P.); (T.A.G.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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