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Cadime I, Santos AL, Ribeiro I, Viana FL, Martín-Aragoneses MT. Living the first years in a pandemic: children's linguistic development and related factors in and out of the COVID-19 lockdowns. JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE 2024:1-27. [PMID: 39463332 DOI: 10.1017/s0305000924000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
This retrospective study provides insights on linguistic development in exceptional circumstances assessing 378 children (between 2;6 and 3;6) who lived their first years during the COVID-19 pandemic and comparing it with normative data collected before this period (CDI-III-PT; Cadime et al., 2021). It investigates the extent to which linguistic development was modulated by a complex set of factors, including sex, maternal education, book reading, language-promoting practices, COVID-19 infection, parental stress and sleeping problems, considering three periods (during lockdowns, out of lockdowns and at present). The results show a substantial negative effect of the pandemic on both lexical and syntactic development. Considering individual variation, structural equation modelling unveiled a complex scenario in which age, sex, book reading, language-promoting practices, sleeping problems and COVID-19 infection showed a direct effect on linguistic development. Maternal education and parental stress had an indirect effect on children's language, mediated by book reading and sleeping problems, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cadime
- Research Centre on Child Studies, Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Santos
- Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Linguística Geral e Românica, School of Arts and Humanities, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Iolanda Ribeiro
- Psychology Research Center, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - María Teresa Martín-Aragoneses
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education II (OEDIP), Faculty of Education, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Mixto de Investigación - Escuela Nacional de Sanidad (IMIENS), Madrid, Spain
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Pierce KA, Mendelsohn A, Smith B, Johnson SB, Duh-Leong C. Trajectories of Housing Insecurity From Infancy to Adolescence and Adolescent Health Outcomes. Pediatrics 2024; 154:e2023064551. [PMID: 38946454 PMCID: PMC11291963 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Housing insecurity is associated with adverse effects on child growth and development cross-sectionally; less is known about its cumulative, long-term effects. This study describes longitudinal experiences of housing insecurity during childhood from infancy (age 1 year) to adolescence (age 15 years) and examines their associations with adolescent health outcomes. METHODS Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we created a composite measure of housing insecurity using 5 indicators (eg, skipping a rent or mortgage payment, eviction) for participants at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct patterns of housing insecurity, sociodemographic predictors of these patterns, and how these patterns relate to adolescent health outcomes. RESULTS We identified 3 trajectories of housing insecurity from infancy to adolescence: secure, moderately insecure, and highly insecure. Adolescents who experienced moderately and highly insecure housing had decreased odds of excellent health (adjusted odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-0.95; adjusted odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50-0.92, respectively) and more depressive symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08; 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.19, respectively) than adolescents with secure housing. Adolescents who experienced highly insecure housing reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.003-1.113). CONCLUSIONS Housing insecurity starting in infancy was associated with poorer adolescent health outcomes. These longitudinal patterns emphasize the need for novel screening mechanisms to identify housing insecurity when it emerges, as well as policies to prevent housing insecurity and its associated health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyn A. Pierce
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Alan Mendelsohn
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Brandon Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Sara B. Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carol Duh-Leong
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Huang CH, Wong LC, Chu YJ, Hsu CJ, Wang HP, Tsai WC, Lee WT. The sleep problems in individuals with Rett syndrome and their caregivers. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241254620. [PMID: 38853381 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241254620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Sleep problems are common and impactful among individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and their caregivers. We examined the sleep patterns of 29 RTT patients and their primary caregivers using various assessment tools. The study found that a majority of the patients experienced sleep disturbances, with younger patients showing more sleep difficulties. Caregivers also reported poor sleep quality. The findings emphasize the need to address sleep problems in RTT management, as improving sleep quality can positively impact the well-being of individuals with RTT and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sleep Center, Yang-Ming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- University of Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Chin Wong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Pei Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital YunLin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Che Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Tso Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zahry NR, Ling J, Robbins LB. Mental health and lifestyle behavior changes during COVID-19 among families living in poverty: A descriptive phenomenological study. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2024; 37:e12447. [PMID: 38404002 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Families living in poverty may be particularly vulnerable to the deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The current study focuses on caregivers of preschoolers aged 3-5 years old who lived in poverty to explore how COVID-19 affected mental health and lifestyle behaviors and what coping strategies were helpful for dealing with challenges induced by COVID-19. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews with 17 caregivers. FINDINGS Both caregivers and preschoolers experienced high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and reported unhealthy eating habits and excessive screen time. Physical activity increased in preschoolers, but declined among caregivers during COVID-19. Caregivers' coping strategies included taking short walks, seeking professional and social support, and praying; avoidant caregiver coping strategies including eating when stressed and increased screen time. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions are warranted to empower caregivers who live in poverty with the skills needed to maintain optimal physical and mental health, as well as assisting them to cope with challenges that may continue post-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwan R Zahry
- Department of Communication, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiying Ling
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Lorraine B Robbins
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Qiu SY, Yin XN, Yang Y, Li T, Lu D, Li JM, Yang WK, Wen GM, Zhang JY, Zhang Y, Lei HY, Wang X, Wu JB. Relationship between bedtime, nighttime sleep duration, and anxiety symptoms in preschoolers in China. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1290310. [PMID: 38298521 PMCID: PMC10827991 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1290310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep problems in preschoolers are becoming increasingly prominent, and the association between sleep status and anxiety symptoms has attracted growing attention. However, studies investigating the relationship between bedtime and nighttime sleep duration in preschoolers and their anxiety symptoms remain scant. We used the large sample data from the Longhua Cohort Study of Children in Shenzhen, China (LCCS) to analyze the association between bedtime and sleep in preschoolers and their anxiety symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional study of 69,138 preschoolers in Longhua District, Shenzhen, China was conducted in 2022. Data on sociodemographic characteristics of families, bedtime, nighttime sleep duration of preschoolers, and their anxiety symptoms (measured by the Spence Preschool Children Anxiety Scale) were collected through a structured questionnaire completed by the parents. Using binary logistic regression models, the relationship between bedtime, nighttime sleep duration, and childhood anxiety symptoms was examined. Results The bedtimes of preschoolers were concentrated between 21:01-22:00 (52.41%). Among the preschoolers, 38.70% had bedtimes later than 22:00, and 75.49% had insufficient nighttime sleep duration. The positive screening rate for anxiety symptoms among preschoolers was 3.50%. After adjusting for confounding factors using binary logistic regression models, compared with preschoolers with bedtime ≤21:00, The OR (95%CI) values of anxiety in preschoolers with bedtime ≥23:01, 22:01-23:00 and 21:01-22:00 were 2.86 (2.21-3.69), 1.51 (1.27-1.79) and 1.48 (1.26-1.76), respectively. Compared with those with sufficient nighttime sleep duration, the OR (95%CI) of children with nighttime sleep duration less than 9 h was 1.36 (1.23-1.51). Conclusion An association exists between bedtime and nighttime sleep duration in preschoolers and their anxiety symptoms. Preschoolers with 21:00 for bedtime and a nighttime sleep duration of 10 h may have lower anxiety symptoms. These findings support the importance of adequate sleep for preventing anxiety symptoms in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yan Qiu
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Na Yin
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Xinhe Experimental School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Li
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dali Lu
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie-Min Li
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Kang Yang
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo-Ming Wen
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lei
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wu
- Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Duh-Leong C, Fuller AE, Johnson SB, Coble CA, Nagpal N, Gross RS. Social Capital and Sleep Outcomes Across Childhood in United States Families. Acad Pediatr 2023; 23:1226-1233. [PMID: 36641090 PMCID: PMC10333451 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether aspects of social capital, or benefits received from social relationships, are associated with regular bedtime and sleep duration across childhood in US families with lower income. METHODS Cross-sectional study using the 2018-19 National Survey of Children's Health in participants with incomes <400% federal poverty level. Separately for early childhood (0-5 years), school-age (6-12 years), and adolescence (13-17 years), we used weighted logistic regression to examine associations between social capital (measured by family social cohesion, parent social support, child social support) and sleep (measured by regular bedtime, sleep duration, adequate sleep per American of Academy of Sleep guidelines). Path analysis tested whether regular bedtime mediated associations between social capital and sleep duration. RESULTS In our sample (N = 35,438), 84.9% had a regular bedtime, 60.2% had adequate sleep. Family social cohesion was associated with sleep duration and adequate sleep (infancy: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.18 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32, 3.60]; school age: aOR 2.03 [95% CI, 1.57, 2.63]; adolescence: aOR 2.44 [95% CI, 1.94, 3.09]). In toddlerhood, parent social support was associated with adequate sleep (aOR 1.44 [95% CI, 1.06, 1.96]). In adolescence, child social support was associated with regular bedtime (aOR 1.70 [95% CI, 1.25, 2.32]. Across childhood, associations between family social cohesion and sleep duration were partially mediated by regular bedtime. CONCLUSIONS Family social cohesion was associated with adequate sleep across childhood, this was partially mediated by regular bedtime. Associations between social support and sleep outcomes varied by development stage. Future work should consider how supportive relationships may influence child sleep outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Duh-Leong
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine (C Duh-Leong, N Nagpal, and RS Gross), New York, NY.
| | - Anne E Fuller
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto (AE Fuller), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (SB Johnson), Baltimore, Md
| | - Chanelle A Coble
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine (CA Coble), New York, NY
| | - Nikita Nagpal
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine (C Duh-Leong, N Nagpal, and RS Gross), New York, NY
| | - Rachel S Gross
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine (C Duh-Leong, N Nagpal, and RS Gross), New York, NY
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Murata E, Yoshizaki A, Fujisawa TX, Tachibana M, Taniike M, Mohri I. What daily factors affect the sleep habits of Japanese toddlers? J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:1089-1101. [PMID: 36789883 PMCID: PMC10235708 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Good sleep, especially during early childhood, is important for development. In Japan, the mean nocturnal sleep duration of toddlers is < 10 hours, and even if toddlers slept for > 11 hours/day, as recommended by the National Sleep Foundation, some of them showed late bedtime and late wake-up time or took long naps. Therefore, we provisionally assumed the minimal sleep conditions for Japanese toddlers, named Nenne-criteria, such as bedtime before 10:00 pm, nocturnal sleep duration of ≥ 9 hours, and < 1 average time of awakening after sleep onset, and investigated the important factors for good sleep. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from online surveys describing the sleep-related behaviors of 2,124 toddlers and their caregivers. We compared the daily schedules that affect sleep between the Nenne-criteria-meet group and the not-meet group. RESULTS The Nenne-criteria-meet group showed better daytime behaviors than the not-meet group. Structural equation modeling on daily schedules revealed that, to increase sleep pressure at the appropriate time, it is important to restrict media viewing, play outdoors in the morning, have an early nap ending time, avoid hyperarousal-inducing behaviors before bedtime, maintain daily schedules regularly, and decrease social jetlag. CONCLUSIONS The Nenne-criteria are useful for screening Japanese toddlers who require intervention for sleep hygiene. To improve toddlers' sleep, it is important not only to guide the ideal bedtime but also to provide tips for improving daily schedules and to avoid suboptimal sleep-related behaviors. CITATION Murata E, Yoshizaki A, Fujisawa TX, Tachibana M, Taniike M, Mohri I. What daily factors affect the sleep habits of Japanese toddlers? J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(6):1089-1101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Murata
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Arika Yoshizaki
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi X. Fujisawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaya Tachibana
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Taniike
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuko Mohri
- Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Servot S, St-Amand A, Rousseau M, Simard V, Touchette E. Sleep ecology, objective sleep characteristics and behavior problems in preschoolers referred to child protection services: An exploratory study. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 138:106075. [PMID: 36764173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental risk factors increases the negative impact maltreatment has on children's development. Sleep ecology (i.e., sleep hygiene and home sleeping conditions) can be one of these factors. Poor sleep hygiene and suboptimal home sleeping conditions can alter sleep characteristics, which in turn, may lead to behavior problems (BPs), highly prevalent in maltreated preschoolers. OBJECTIVES Describe sleep ecology in maltreated preschoolers and explore associations between their sleep ecology, objective sleep characteristics and BPs. METHOD Parents (n = 22) completed the Children's Sleep Hygiene Scale (CSHS), and a sleep environment questionnaire to document sleep ecology. Children wore an actigraph to record objective sleep characteristics. Parents completed the Behavioral Assessment Scale for Children (BASC-2) to assess children's BPs. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed. RESULTS Most of the parents (90.5 %) reported adequate sleep hygiene. However, 20 parents (95.2 %) reported suboptimal home sleeping conditions. Better physiological and overall sleep hygiene were related to earlier sleep onset. Better emotional sleep hygiene was associated with shorter nighttime awakenings and better sleep efficiency. Later sleep onset was associated with lower anxiety, and longer 24-hour sleep duration with higher somatization. Better physiological sleep hygiene was associated with less depression, and better emotional sleep hygiene with less hyperactivity. CONCLUSION This study showed that sleep hygiene could be associated with maltreated preschoolers' sleep characteristics and BPs, and that their home sleeping conditions may be of concern. Associations between sleep ecology, objective sleep characteristics and BPs deserve to be better understood, and further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Servot
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada
| | - Annick St-Amand
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Rousseau
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Simard
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Canada; Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Canada
| | - Evelyne Touchette
- Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Québec, Canada.
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Loo BKG, Okely A, Taylor R, Novotny R, Wickramasinghe P, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Waqa G, Pulungan A, Kusuda S, Tan KH. Asia-Pacific consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 32:100641. [PMID: 36785856 PMCID: PMC9918766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Early childhood is a vital period for development and growth. Promoting beneficial lifestyle behaviours in early childhood can help optimise children's health, development and learning, shape their behaviours in adulthood and offer the best protection against future non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In the Asia-Pacific region, NCDs are significant causes of healthcare burden and mortality. Furthermore, there is also a high prevalence of adverse metabolic risk factors and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among these children. Method Representatives from 19 Asia-Pacific nations and/or jurisdictions developed a consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years using the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT framework. Findings These guidelines apply to all infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers below 5 years of age. The guidelines aim to provide a holistic and practical approach to lifestyle activities by framing physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep within a 24-hour period. Dietary patterns were included as they play an integral role in metabolic health and energy balance. Interpretation Aligned with the World Health Organization's Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs through health promotion interventions in early life, through cultivating healthy lifestyle behaviours in the children's early years, we aim to provide children with the best start in life and reduce the burden of future NCDs in the Asia-Pacific region. Funding Funded by Integrated platform for research in advancing metabolic health outcomes of women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore,Corresponding author. Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
| | - Anthony Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Novotny
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - Gade Waqa
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - Aman Pulungan
- Endocrinology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia – Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Satoshi Kusuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
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10
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Phu T, Doom JR. Associations between cumulative risk, childhood sleep duration, and body mass index across childhood. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:529. [PMID: 36068546 PMCID: PMC9447344 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although associations between cumulative risk, sleep, and overweight/obesity have been demonstrated, few studies have examined relationships between these constructs longitudinally across childhood. This study investigated how cumulative risk and sleep duration are related to current and later child overweight/obesity in families across the United States sampled for high sociodemographic risk. METHODS We conducted secondary analyses on 3690 families with recorded child height and weight within the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study. A cumulative risk composite (using nine variables indicating household/environmental, family, and sociodemographic risk) was calculated for each participant from ages 3-9 years. Path analyses were used to investigate associations between cumulative risk, parent-reported child sleep duration, and z-scored child body mass index (BMI) percentile at ages 3 through 9. RESULTS Higher cumulative risk experienced at age 5 was associated with shorter sleep duration at year 9, b = - 0.35, p = .01, 95% CI [- 0.57, - 0.11]. At 5 years, longer sleep duration was associated with lower BMI, b = - 0.03, p = .03, 95% CI [- 0.06, - 0.01]. Higher cumulative risk at 9 years, b = - 0.34, p = .02, 95% CI [- 0.57, - 0.10], was concurrently associated with shorter sleep duration. Findings additionally differed by child sex, such that only male children showed an association between sleep duration and BMI. CONCLUSIONS Results partially supported hypothesized associations between child sleep duration, cumulative risk, and BMI emerging across childhood within a large, primarily low socioeconomic status sample. Findings suggest that reducing cumulative risk for families experiencing low income may support longer child sleep duration. Additionally, child sleep duration and BMI are concurrently related in early childhood for male children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Phu
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race St, Denver, CO, 80210, USA.
| | - Jenalee R Doom
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race St, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
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11
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Shaffer E, Porter S, Condon E, Zha P, Caldwell BA. Associations Between Diaper Need and Child Sleep in Under-resourced Families. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022; 43:402-408. [PMID: 35503666 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep is critical for child health, but factors related to poverty create barriers to the achievement of healthful sleep. In this study, we examined the associations of insufficient diaper supply, a measure of material hardship, with child sleep. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 129 parents of very young children. Each participant responded to an online material hardship assessment and the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between diaper need and sleep. RESULTS Controlling for family and socioeconomic variables, diaper need was associated with disrupted, shorter sleep periods (β = -11.95, p < 0.001) and lower total sleep scores (β = -6.49, p = 0.004). High diaper need was associated with parent perception of poor sleep (β = -7.28, p = 0.017). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that an inadequate supply of diapers adversely affects children's sleep. Further research should evaluate how screening and connecting families to resources may improve pediatric sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Shaffer
- Division of Nursing Science, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Sallie Porter
- Division of Advanced Nursing Practice, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | | | - Peijia Zha
- Division of Nursing Science, Center for Technology and Chronic Disease Management, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ; and
| | - Barbara A Caldwell
- Advanced Practice Nursing, School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
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12
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Yao D, Wang S, Li F, Gao M, Shao J. Analysis of sleep problem in children aged 1-3 years with autism spectrum disorder in Zhejiang province, China. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:923757. [PMID: 36111309 PMCID: PMC9468753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.923757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High prevalence of sleep problems have been founded in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with rates ranging from 50 to 80%. We aimed to study the sleep status and the occurrence of sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 1-3 years, and to provide reference for guiding early comprehensive intervention for ASD children from the perspective of sleep. Methods From January 1 to December 31, 2021, 74 ASD children who met the diagnostic criteria of "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-V)" served as case group while 84 typically-developing children of the same sex and age served as control group. An original Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire was adopted to compare the sleep status of children in the two groups and to conduct statistical analysis on related factors. Results The incidence of sleep problems in the case group (78.4%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (34.5%) (P < 0.001). Compared with the children in the control group, children in the case group had later bedtime (P < 0.05) and less sleep duration (P < 0.05), and required longer time to fall asleep (P < 0.001) The incidence of sleep problems in children who could fall asleep autonomously in the case group was significantly lower than that in children who needed parental help (P < 0.05). In the case group, the longer the screen exposure time, the higher the incidence of sleep problems (P < 0.05). Conclusions The incidence of sleep problems in ASD children aged 1-3 years is also high, mainly manifested in late bedtime, difficulty falling asleep, frequent night awakenings and less sleep duration. Both sleep patterns and screen exposure can impact their sleep. In the early comprehensive intervention of ASD children, it is necessary to pay full heed to their sleep status and take timely intervention measures in order to improve the quality of life for the ASD children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yao
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Sam G, Naif M, Zinaf S, Hamoud M, Inad N. Socioemotional behaviour of toddlers influenced by the sleep patterns: Prevalence study. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:941-947. [PMID: 35495796 PMCID: PMC9051712 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_340_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigates the influence of sleep duration and sleep patterns on the social-emotional behaviour of 3–70-month-old children. Methods: A Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and Ages, Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) were filled by the participants through a web link. The internal consistency of the items used in the questionnaire was analysed using Cronbach’s alpha and the effects of sleeping disorders on the likelihood of children having social-emotional problems were performed by binary logistic regressions. Results: The highest level of bedtime resistance and nocturnal awakening was observed in children of 27–32 months of age, while sleep anxiety was maximum in 42–53-month-old children. The logistic regression models were found to be statistically significant with Χ2 (3) =19.556 for 3–8-month-old children, Χ2 (3) =11.874 for 9–14-month-old children, Χ2 (3) =8.928 for 15–20-month-old children, Χ2 (3) =10.061 for 21–26-month-old children and Χ2 (3) =38.358 for 54–70-month-old children, P < 0.0005. Conclusion: Our findings imply that no statistically significant association was observed between sleep duration and social-emotional problems, however, sleep disorders significantly impacted social-emotional behaviour and also night-waking caused social-emotional behavioural issues in preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigi Sam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Naif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Zinaf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hamoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noora Inad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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14
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Jayanath S, Hamzah N, Ahmad Fauzi A, Ahmad Adlan AS, Muhamad NA, Zainal AZ, Mohri I, Tachibana M. The Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for preschoolers within a Malaysian context. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15123. [PMID: 35831264 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood sleep practices impact growth, development, and long-term health. There is a paucity of sleep data pertaining to preschool children in Asia, especially South-East Asia. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved parents of well siblings, aged 2-6 years. It aimed to: (i) test the reliability of the English version of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P), and (ii) obtain the prevalence, as well as describe, sleep-related issues. Ninety-one (91) parents (74.7%; mothers) self-administered the questionnaire in the pediatric clinic waiting area of a Malaysian tertiary hospital. Recruitment was from August to November 2020. RESULTS The English version of the JSQ-P has good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.85). Range of Cronbach alpha values for each item: 0.36-0.87. Many (77%) children slept at 10:00 p.m. or later, similar to parents' late bedtimes. One-third had difficulty waking up in the morning. There were significant strong positive correlations between some features of restless leg syndrome, daytime tiredness, morning symptoms, and obstructive sleep apnea symptoms. Co-sleeping was prevalent (97.9%). Mean screen time for those who had set time limits was 2.35 ± 1.68 h. CONCLUSIONS The English-language translation of the JSQ-P is a questionnaire with good internal consistency that can be used in non-Japanese speaking countries. Parents need to be educated on healthy sleep and screen time practices to optimize children's sleep quality and quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Jayanath
- Developmental Paediatrics Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhamizan Hamzah
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aishah Ahmad Fauzi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aida Syarinaz Ahmad Adlan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asiah Muhamad
- Sector for Evidence-based Healthcare, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Azlin Zaiti Zainal
- Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ikuko Mohri
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Masaya Tachibana
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Child Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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15
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Bedtime Routines of Young Children, Parenting Stress, and Bedtime Resistance: Mediation Models. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 54:683-691. [PMID: 34731402 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined if inconsistent bedtime routines are a mechanism through which high levels of parenting stress are related to bedtime resistant behaviors. Bedtime resistant behavior is a common problem in young children. Although previous studies have linked parenting stress to problematic behaviors at bedtime, understanding how and why that may be has been subject to limited empirical investigation. Caregivers (N = 118) of a child age 2-5 were recruited on Amazon's mechanical turk. There was a significant indirect effect of parenting stress on bedtime resistance through bedtime routines as well as a significant indirect effect of bedtime routines on bedtime resistant behavior through parenting stress. These findings suggest that there is a bidirectional relationship between inconsistent routines and parenting stress. Clinically, these results suggest that implementing a consistent routine at bedtime may improve both parent (less stress) and child (less bedtime resistance) functioning.
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16
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Simonelli G, Petit D, Delage JP, Michaud X, Lavoie MD, Morin CM, Godbout R, Robillard R, Vallières A, Carrier J, Bastien C. Sleep in times of crises: A scoping review in the early days of the COVID-19 crisis. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 60:101545. [PMID: 34571477 PMCID: PMC8461524 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During the early days of the pandemic and in the context of a seemingly unknown global threat, several potential major sleep disruptors were identified by sleep researchers and practitioners across the globe. The COVID-19 pandemic combined several features that, individually, had been shown to negatively affect sleep health in the general population. Those features included state of crisis, restrictions on in-person social interactions, as well as financial adversity. To address the lack of a comprehensive summary of sleep research across these three distinctive domains, we undertook three parallel systematic reviews based on the following themes: 1) Sleep in times of crises; 2) Sleep and social isolation; and 3) Sleep and economic uncertainty. Using a scoping review framework, we systematically identified and summarized findings from these three separated bodies of works. Potential moderating factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, psychological predisposition, occupation and other personal circumstances are also discussed. To conclude, we propose novel lines of research necessary to alleviate the short- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 crises and highlight the need to prepare the deployment of sleep solutions in future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Simonelli
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Dominique Petit
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | | | - Xavier Michaud
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | | | - Charles M Morin
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada
| | - Roger Godbout
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada; Sleep Laboratory & Clinic, Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Rebecca Robillard
- Sleep Research Unit, Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada
| | - Annie Vallières
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux Du Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montreal (Quebec) Canada; Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal (Quebec), Canada
| | - Célyne Bastien
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Canada.
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17
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Tsai SY, Lee CC, Tsai HY, Tung YC. Bedtime routines and objectively assessed sleep in infants. J Adv Nurs 2021; 78:154-164. [PMID: 34245182 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the association of the timing and consistency of parent bedtime routines with infant night-time sleep duration and variability. DESIGN This was a prospective observational study conducted between November 2012 and November 2016. METHODS Three hundred and twenty healthy 6-month-old infants were recruited from the well-child clinics of a university-affiliated hospital in northern Taiwan. Participating families provided sociodemographic, health and bedtime routine information. Infants wore an actigraph on the ankle for a week. General linear model analysis was performed with the frequency and timing of bedtime routines treated as the primary predictor variables of interest. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-seven (61.6%) parents started the bedtime routine for infants after 9 PM, with 162 (50.6%) not having the exact same bedtime routine every night. In both crude and adjusted analyses, starting a bedtime routine after 9 PM was associated with shorter infant night-time sleep duration (b = -23.55, p < 0.01). Infants with a bedtime routine of <3-4 nights per week were associated with more variable night-time sleep duration than a bedtime routine of 5-6 nights per week (b = -7.81, p < 0.05) or every night (b = -8.47, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A bedtime routine of at least 5 nights a week and initiated no later than 9 PM was associated with longer and less variable night-time sleep in infancy. Findings suggest that a consistent bedtime routine implemented in accordance with age-appropriate bedtimes should be addressed as part of anticipatory guidance in the well-child clinics. Future studies should include infant sleep variability as an outcome in addition to the conventional mean-level sleep variable analyses to more thoroughly characterize bedtime routine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yu Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Tsai
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Tung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Zajac L, Prendergast S, Feder KA, Cho B, Kuhns C, Dozier M. Trajectories of sleep in Child Protective Services (CPS)-referred children predict externalizing and internalizing symptoms in early childhood. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 103:104433. [PMID: 32126399 PMCID: PMC7716882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have established links between poor sleep and negative developmental outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether young maltreated children demonstrate atypical sleep patterns and whether sleep duration is associated with emotional and behavioral problems. OBJECTIVE Explore trajectories of sleep among Child Protective Services (CPS)-referred children and examine whether sleep duration is significantly associated with externalizing and internalizing symptoms, even when controlling for the home environment. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 197 children (Mage at first assessment = 10.24 months, SD = 6.39) whose parents were referred to CPS due to allegations of maltreatment. METHODS Parents completed sleep diaries for their children at up to five time-points and the preschool version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) when children were approximately 2 years of age (Mage = 26.40 months, SD = 3.36). The Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Scale (HOME) assessed the quality of the early home environment. RESULTS Results from latent growth curve modeling demonstrated that CPS-referred children significantly varied (B = 3.28, SE = 0.90, p < .001) in the amount they slept in a 24-hour period at baseline (i.e., 4.1 months of age), and the amount of total sleep in a 24-hour period significantly decreased across time (B1 = -0.03, SE = 0.01, p < .001). When controlling for characteristics of the home environment, total sleep in a 24-hour period at baseline significantly inversely predicted externalizing (B = -1.03, SE = 0.06, p < .001) and internalizing symptoms (B = -0.19, SE = 0.03, p < .001) in early childhood. CONCLUSIONS This study is an important first step in exploring trajectories of sleep among CPS-referred children. Findings underscore sleep as a promising target for interventions aimed at promoting regulation and highlight the need for future research to examine sleep in maltreated children as a predictor of later developmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kenneth A Feder
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
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19
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Duh-Leong C, Jo Messito M, Katzow MW, Tomopoulos S, Nagpal N, Fierman AH, Gross RS. Material Hardships and Infant and Toddler Sleep Duration in Low-Income Hispanic Families. Acad Pediatr 2020; 20:1184-1191. [PMID: 32650047 PMCID: PMC9286002 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess relationships between material hardships, shortened sleep duration, and suboptimal sleep practices across infancy and toddlerhood in low-income Hispanic families. METHODS We analyzed longitudinal data of 451 low-income Hispanic mother-child pairs from a child obesity prevention trial. During infancy and toddlerhood, we used adjusted linear regression to assess associations between material hardship (financial difficulty, food insecurity, housing disrepair, and multiple hardships), sleep duration (24-hour, night), and the number of suboptimal sleep practices (eg, later bedtime, co-sleeping). We used adjusted linear regression to assess the longitudinal association between the number of suboptimal sleep practices in infancy and toddlerhood, and tested whether specific or multiple hardships moderated this association. RESULTS In infants, financial difficulty and multiple hardships were associated with decreased night sleep (B = -0.59 hours, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.04, -0.14; and B = -0.54 hours, 95% CI: -1.00, -0.08). Housing disrepair was associated with decreased 24-hour sleep (B = -0.64 hours, 95% CI: -1.29, -0.01). In toddlers, each additional suboptimal sleep practice was associated with a decrease in night sleep (B = -0.19 hours, 95% CI: -0.29, -0.09). Each additional suboptimal sleep practice in infancy was associated with a 0.30 increase in the number of suboptimal sleep practices in toddlerhood (P < .001), with greater increases for those with food insecurity or multiple hardships. CONCLUSION Specific and multiple hardships shortened sleep duration during infancy, and moderated the increase of suboptimal sleep behaviors between infancy and toddlerhood. Future studies should consider these early critically sensitive periods for interventions to mitigate material hardships and establish healthy sleep practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Duh-Leong
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (C Duh-Leong, MJ Messito, S Tomopoulos, N Nagpal, AH Fierman, and RS Gross).
| | - Mary Jo Messito
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Michelle W. Katzow
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at, Hofstra/Northwell, 269-01 76th Ave, New Hyde Park, NY 11040 USA
| | - Suzy Tomopoulos
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Nikita Nagpal
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Arthur H. Fierman
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Rachel S. Gross
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA
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20
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Arora T. Sleep Routines in Children. J Clin Sleep Med 2019; 15:821-822. [PMID: 31138393 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Arora
- Zayed University, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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