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Karregat JHM, Quee FA, Twisk JWR, van den Hurk K. Donor knowledge and perceptions regarding donation-induced iron depletion and iron supplementation as a blood service policy. Vox Sang 2024; 119:1047-1057. [PMID: 38986538 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Regular whole blood donations are associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency. Iron supplementation is an effective strategy to prevent donation-induced iron deficiency. However, research on donor perceptions towards such a policy is limited. Therefore, we aim to evaluate donors' knowledge on donation-induced iron depletion and their perceptions regarding iron supplementation as a blood service policy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three thousand Dutch whole blood donors were invited to complete a survey assessing their knowledge of donation-induced iron depletion and attitudes and perceptions towards iron supplementation as a policy. Linear regression modelling was used to evaluate associations between explanatory variables and perceptions. RESULTS In total, 1093 (77.1%) donors were included in the analysis. Donors had poor knowledge of current iron management policies, but a better understanding of iron metabolism and supplementation. Iron supplementation as a policy was perceived mainly positive by donors, and the majority were willing to use iron supplements if provided. Iron supplementation was not perceived as invasive or negatively affecting donors' motivation to continue donating. Additional iron monitoring, information and donor physician involvement were regarded as important conditions for implementation. Male sex, trust in the blood service, prior experience with iron supplements and openness towards dietary supplements were strongly positively associated with willingness to use iron supplementation. CONCLUSION Donors' knowledge regarding donation-induced iron depletion is limited, but not associated with their perceptions regarding iron supplementation. Donors do not consider iron supplementation as invasive, deterring or demotivating, and a majority are willing to take supplements if offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H M Karregat
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franke A Quee
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos W R Twisk
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-Location VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katja van den Hurk
- Donor Studies, Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health (APH) Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Prajapati P, Holmes E, Yang Y. Individual Beliefs and Experiences With Brain Health Dietary Supplements in the United States. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:1206-1213.e9. [PMID: 38527569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the use of brain health dietary supplements (brain DS) has increased, there is limited research on safety and risk of these products. Brain DS may be beneficial for improving memory, concentration, and focus but may also carry risks. OBJECTIVES To assess brain DS users' utilization experiences and identify factors associated with likelihood of brain DS use among nonusers. DESIGN An internet-based cross-sectional survey study was conducted using a sample of middle-aged US adults. Respondents' sociodemographic characteristics and health beliefs regarding brain DS were collected. Brain DS users' utilization experiences such as negative side effects and spending were also collected. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Purposive sampling was utilized for users and nonusers sample recruitment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Brain DS users' utilization experience and future likelihood of brain DS use among nonusers. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Descriptive statistics on brain DS users' utilization experiences were reported. Ordinal logistic regression with sociodemographic and belief characteristics as predictors was employed to identify factors associated with the likelihood of brain DS among nonusers. RESULTS Five hundred twenty-five respondents (mean age = 43.8 ± 9.2 years) completed the survey. Among 260 users, primary reasons for use were enhancing memory (n = 136) and helping concentration and focus (n = 108). During the past year, 40% spent $50 to $200 (range = $0 to >$1,000) and 37% reported experiencing negative side effects. Among 265 nonusers, being female (odds ratio 2.04, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.45), perceived susceptibility to brain problems (odds ratio 1.90, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.83), recommendation from others (odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.35) and perceived benefits of brain DS (odds ratio 2.82, 95% CI 1.60 to 4.96) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of future brain DS use. CONCLUSIONS Individual spending on brain DS varies and about 40% of users reported experiencing negative side effects. As individuals primarily rely on healthcare providers for recommendations, health care providers should be prepared to engage in discussions about brain DS with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi
| | - Erin Holmes
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi.
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Feinberg C, Dickerson Mayes K, Jarvis RC, Carr C, Mannix R. Nutritional Supplement and Dietary Interventions as a Prophylaxis or Treatment of Sub-Concussive Repetitive Head Impact and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:1557-1566. [PMID: 36680752 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects 42 to 56 million individuals worldwide annually. Even more individuals are affected by sub-concussive repetitive head impacts (SRHIs). Such injuries may result in significant acute and chronic symptoms. A study of how individuals may adjust or augment their nutritional and dietary habits to prevent cumulative neurotrauma and promote post-injury recovery is necessary. The objective of the current study is to systematically review nutritional and dietary interventions for neurotrauma prevention and mTBI recovery to direct clinical decision-making and identify future areas of research. This systematic review, without a specified time-period, was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science followed by a manual search of references. Search strings were generated by a research librarian. Studies were included if they: 1) investigate human subjects with mTBI or SRHI; 2) investigate a supplement/ingredient of dietary supplement sold in the U.S. or dietary intervention without classification as a drug or prohibitive statement against use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA); 3) assess a quantifiable outcome; and 4) are published in English in a peer-reviewed journal with an accessible full-length article. Studies were excluded if: 1) the study included non-mTBI or SRHI subjects (e.g., moderate/severe TBI, stroke); 2) mTBI is not assessed separately from moderate/severe mTBI; or 3) the studies that required intracranial hemorrhage. Fifteen studies from 12 unique subject populations met inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 1139 mTBI or SRHI subjects were enrolled across intervention arms in the study populations. A total of eight intervention were studied. Omega-3 fatty acid (n-3FA), melatonin, and Pinus radiata were the only interventions examined in multiple studies. Studies included 10 randomized-control trials, three prospective observational studies, and two retrospective observational studies. Seven of the 15 studies had a low risk of bias. Eleven studies reported benefit of the intervention. Strongest evidence supports n-3FA utility for neurotrauma prevention in athletes exposed to SRHI. Both Pinus radiata and melatonin may have benefit for persistent post-concussion symptoms; however, additional multi-center studies are necessary prior to making a definitive conclusion on these supplements' efficacy. Future studies should continue to assess both novel interventions and additional interventions examined in this review to bring additional evidence to the burgeoning field of nutritional and dietary interventions for SRHI and mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Feinberg
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Dickerson Mayes
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Catherine Carr
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Stayduhar JM, Covvey JR, Schreiber JB, Witt-Enderby PA. Pharmacist and Student Knowledge and Perceptions of Herbal Supplements and Natural Products. PHARMACY 2023; 11:96. [PMID: 37368422 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy11030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to collect parallel perspectives from pharmacists and pharmacy students on their use, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about herbal supplements/natural products. Two cross-sectional descriptive survey questionnaires-one focusing on pharmacists and the other focusing on pharmacy students-were administered from March to June 2021 via Qualtrics. The surveys were sent out to preceptor pharmacists and pharmacy students currently enrolled at a single U.S. school of pharmacy. The questionnaires were composed of five main sections, including (1) demographics; (2) attitudes/perceptions; (3) educational experience; (4) resource availability; and (5) objective knowledge of herbal supplements/natural products. Data analysis primarily utilized descriptive statistics with relevant comparisons across domains. A total of 73 pharmacists and 92 pharmacy students participated, with response rates of 8.8% and 19.3%, respectively. A total of 59.2% of pharmacists and 50% of pharmacy students stated they personally used herbal supplements/natural products. Most respondents (>95% for both groups) considered vitamins/minerals safe, although a lower percentage agreed on this for herbal supplements/natural products (60% and 79.3% for pharmacists and pharmacy students, respectively). Patient inquiries in the pharmacy setting were most seen for vitamin D, zinc, cannabidiol, and omega-3. A total of 34.2% of pharmacists reported having training in herbal supplements/natural products as a required part of their Pharm.D. training, and 89.1% of pharmacy students desired to learn more. The median score on the objective knowledge quiz was 50% for pharmacists and 45% for pharmacy students. Ultimately, herbal supplements/natural products are recognized by pharmacists/pharmacy students as a consistent and embedded part of pharmacy practice, although there is a need to enhance knowledge and skills in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacey M Stayduhar
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Jordan R Covvey
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | | | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Social Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
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d'Arqom A, Nasution MZ, Kadir SZSA, Yusof J, Govindaraju K. Practice and knowledge of dietary supplement consumption among Indonesian adults post-delta wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. F1000Res 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 37469719 PMCID: PMC10352623 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129045.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing dietary supplement (DS) consumption was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, including during the post-Delta wave period. This study aimed to measure the practice of DS consumption and respondents' knowledge of DS. Methods: An internet-based survey was distributed from October-December 2021 and obtained 541 valid and completed responses. Descriptive analysis was performed to present the practice of DS consumption, including frequency, duration, aim, preferable dosage form etc. Level of knowledge on DS principles, side effects and regulation were also measured. Inferential analyses were conducted to determine the predictors of the respondents' DS practice and level of knowledge. Results: Data from 541 valid responses showed that 77.63% of respondents consumed DS in the last 3 months, with only 59.52% reporting also consuming DS before the COVID-19 pandemic. One half of the respondents had good knowledge about DS; however, some knowledge regarding side effects and possible drug-supplement interaction needed improvement. Their DS consumption practice was affected by their economic status and history of contracting COVID-19. Nevertheless, the level of knowledge was not affected by the sociodemographic factors and DS supplement experience. Conclusions: Taken together, the practice of self-consumption of DS in Indonesia is increasing; hence, knowledge of DS is necessary to avoid detrimental effects that might occur in the future. Increasing access to information on better labelling and educating consumers about DS are important actions to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette d'Arqom
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60131, Indonesia
| | - Mhd Zamal Nasution
- Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | | | - Junaidah Yusof
- School of Human Resource Development & Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
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Soukiasian PD, Kyrana Z, Gerothanasi K, Kiranas E, Kokokiris LE. Prevalence, Determinants, and Consumer Stance towards Dietary Supplements According to Sex in a Large Greek Sample: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:5131. [PMID: 36501160 PMCID: PMC9739401 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A stratified random sampling technique was used in order to explore the prevalence of and the factors influencing dietary supplement (DS) use and the consumer stance towards DS by Greeks (n = 28,491, ≥15 years) according to sex. Additionally, we performed a Pearson’s chi-square to test within DS users for the dependence between sex and the examined factors, and binary logistic regression to create predictive DS user profiles. A history of DS use accounted for 55.5% and was more prevalent in women (58.4% vs. 52.3%, p < 0.001); multivitamins were the most popular DS used. The significant predictors for DS use for both sexes were age, education, employment status, exercise, and following a special diet, while BMI and monthly income were significant for women and men, respectively. The women and men DS users had mostly illness-health and fitness-related goals, respectively. Substantial proportions of the respondents had false beliefs about DS. A noticeable percentage of DS users displayed imprudent behavior regarding DS use, e.g., one out of five did not know the definition or did not take into consideration the recommended daily allowance. While several factors seemed to impact DS use, with certain differences between the sexes, the considerable lack of knowledgeable and responsible use of DS, with few differences between the sexes, observed can point state authorities and health professionals towards appropriate countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis-David Soukiasian
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Kyrana
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Gerothanasi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstratios Kiranas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lambros E. Kokokiris
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Intarakamhang U, Prasittichok P. Causal model of health literacy in dietary supplement use and sufficient health behavior among working-age adults. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tareq MA, Emi UH, Banna MHA, Rezyona H, Seidu AA, Abid MT, Tetteh JK, Sultana MS, Kundu S, Hasanuzzaman M, Mondal S, Mandal M, Khan MSI. Prevalence and factors associated with dietary supplement use among Bangladeshi public university students: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276343. [PMID: 36251676 PMCID: PMC9576072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The usage of dietary supplement (DS) such as vitamins, minerals, and fish oil has expanded, but there is limited data on their use by sub-populations such as university students. The study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of DS use among Bangladeshi university students and its associated factors. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 390 students was conducted from two public universities from Barishal Division in Bangladesh using a structured questionnaire with 72 questions divided into five sections: sociodemographic, knowledge, opinions, and attitudes, types of DS, reasons and sources for using DS, and adverse reactions after taking DS. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were utilized to estimate the results. RESULTS Among all the students, 15.6% students were using DS where only 7.7% of them used DS according to physicians' recommendation. Additionally, students used DS for general health and well-being, weight gaining and as a source of energy for physical and sporting activities, etc. The use of DS was significantly associated with female sex (AOR = 5.44, 95% CI: 2.18-13.52), ≥25 years age (AOR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01-0.67), underweight (AOR = 5.86, 95% CI: 1.95-17.62), having major illness (AOR = 6.99, 95% CI: 1.98-24.70) and good knowledge of DS (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.23-5.64). CONCLUSION This study provides new findings on DS use and its correlates in Bangladeshi students which may be used by the policymakers to improve DS usage among students. Adaptation of an appropriate program is recommended to educate students on proper and safer ways of using DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abu Tareq
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Umme Habiba Emi
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Humayra Rezyona
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Home Economics, Azimpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Centre for Gender and Advocacy, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Mohammad Tazrian Abid
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Justice Kanor Tetteh
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, University Post Office, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Mst. Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Satyajit Kundu
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Md. Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Environmental Sanitation, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Shuvajit Mondal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Moumita Mandal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
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Use of Drugs and Dietary Supplements in University Students of Sports Science: Results of a Survey-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204267. [PMID: 36296951 PMCID: PMC9610928 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplements are used to implement and balance common dietary habits. The general belief is that natural substances reduce the risk of chronic diseases and amplify sports performance with no harmful side effects. Since sports science students will become professionals of sport activities and may also have a role in suggesting the use of dietary supplements to athletes, the aim of this study was to evaluate if physical activity influences the use of drugs and dietary supplements. A modified version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQSF) was administered to perform these evaluations. A total of 1452 students from the University of Messina, Italy, enrolled in sports science courses completed the survey; of these, 1075 (704 male and 371 female students) were physically active in moderate- or high-intensity training. Of those physically active students, 709 (440 male and 269 female) were competitive athletes, identified on the basis of their answer to a specific question also indicating the type of sport they practice. The results suggest that 5.6% of all respondents were regular consumers of pharmaceutical products, compared to just 1.0% of the cohort of competing athletes. In contrast, the consumption of natural supplements was similar (14% vs. 15%) between groups. The most frequently used supplements were vitamins, including vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and multivitamin complex, followed by minerals and amino acids or protein complex. The probability of using dietary supplements was mostly related to the male gender (OR 1.64; 95% CI: 1.17–2.30), having a job (OR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.07–1.96), and, most of all, performing physical activity (OR 3.53; 95% CI: 2.18–5.71). The only factor related to a higher use of drugs was female gender (OR 2.40; 95% CI: 1.52–3.79), and the most used class was antihistaminic, followed by FANS. These results suggest that among the specific population of sports science students, those performing physical activity are less prone to using pharmaceutical products and have healthier habits.
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Vidović B, Đuričić B, Odalović M, Milošević Georgiev A, Tadić I. Dietary Supplements Use among Serbian Undergraduate Students of Different Academic Fields. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11036. [PMID: 36078751 PMCID: PMC9518540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rising popularity of dietary supplements as a part of self-care practice increases interest in monitoring their usage in the general and specific population groups. This study investigated the prevalence and patterns of dietary supplement use among Belgrade University undergraduate students and its variations across different academic study fields. Of the 914 online survey students, 55.7% used dietary supplements during the past year. Female gender, eating behavior, and academic field were significant predictors of dietary supplement use. For all students, the most commonly used dietary supplements were vitamins and minerals, alone or in combination. Magnesium, vitamin C, and B vitamins were the most frequently supplemented micronutrients. The reasons for using, place of purchase, and source of information regarding dietary supplements significantly varied among students of different fields of study. Adverse effects related to dietary supplement use, including gastrointestinal symptoms, skin flushing, dizziness, and heart palpitation, were reported in 4.5% of students. Insufficient knowledge about these products was self-reported by 16.5% of users, more common among non-medical students. Thus, public health interventions are needed to improve students' knowledge regarding rational and safe dietary supplement use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Vidović
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Đuričić
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Odalović
- Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrijana Milošević Georgiev
- Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Tadić
- Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
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Kaptur B, Peterman N, Lee J. Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements: Disparities in usage and potential for harm. Nutr Health 2022; 28:325-330. [PMID: 35521933 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221099690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: The use of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements has a complex history. Aim: This work seeks to discuss the current state of nutraceuticals and dietary supplements, with a particular focus on the ambiguity of these terms, their current usage, potential harms, roles within the healthcare system, and associated disparities. Methods: This work reviews recent literature spanning the history of nutraceuticals and expands upon recommendations made by previous authors. Results: While a substantial portion of the United States population consumes these substances, their safety profiles are rarely well characterized. Taking a broad definition of these terms paints a picture of harmless use by a population that is middle-aged, educated, and white. However, focusing on specific substances reveals concerning disparities in race, ethnicity, income, physical health, and health literacy. This is of particular concern when looking at the side effects of these supplements both in isolation and due to drug-supplement interactions. Conclusions: In this work, the authors build upon the recommendations of others to propose ways in which physicians and healthcare systems can work to reduce the disproportionate harms of these substances on historically marginalized groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Kaptur
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 573544University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas Peterman
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 573544University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Jan Lee
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, 573544University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Nakhal SA, Domiati SA, Amin MEK, El-Lakany AM. Assessment of pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward herbal dietary supplements. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1826-1830. [PMID: 33048645 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1825226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Although there has been an expanded use of herbal supplements worldwide, data concerning their consumption patterns and knowledge are limited. Consequently, the present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Lebanese pharmacy students toward herbal dietary supplements. Participants and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted by administering a 23-items' survey to a convenient sample of pharmacy students. Results: Out of 355 pharmacy students assessed, 168 were using at least one dietary supplement, mainly to treat health problems. Their primary source of information was the Internet. Health benefits of Ginkgo Biloba were known by 63% while that of Glucosamine by 12%. Similarly, side effects of Ginkgo Biloba were recognized by 62% while that of St. John's Wort by only 2%. Conclusion: Despite the comprehensive coverage of herbal supplements in the pharmacy curriculum, some were weakly known namely; Glucosamine and St. John's Wort. Consequently, emphasis should be done to fill the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Nakhal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souraya A Domiati
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed E K Amin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdalla M El-Lakany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Factors That Influence the Use of Dietary Supplements among the Students of Wroclaw Medical University in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127485. [PMID: 35742733 PMCID: PMC9224475 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim: The use of dietary supplements (DS) and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is increasing every year. The COVID-19 pandemic might additionally influence the use of such preparations. The study aimed to investigate factors influencing the use of dietary supplements (DS), including stress-relieving supplements, by the students. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 624 students of the Wroclaw Medical University in Poland, from the second to the last year of studies, completed the anonymous questionnaire, consisting of 22 items, about the use of DS/OTC drugs during the academic year 2020/2021. Obtained data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test, the U-Mann Whitney test, the Kruskal–Wallis test with the post-hoc analysis, and with logistic regression. Results: About 70% of students declared the use of any DS, 33% used DS for stress, anxiety, depression, or sleeping problems, and 59% used other DS. The most important factors influencing the decision to take any kind of DS were Division (p = 0.0001, odds ratio [OR]: 0.35, and confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–0.59), a self-estimated level of stress (p = 0.014, OR: 1.13, CI: 1.03–1.25), and self-estimated level of knowledge about DS (p = 0.0000, OR: 1.31, CI: 1.19–1.36). In the case of students taking DS for stress, anxiety, depression, or sleeping problems, the level of stress and the declared knowledge had the greatest impact on the decision for such a use of DS (p = 0.0001, OD: 1.24, CI: 1.11–1.39 and p = 0.0000, OD: 1.35, CI: 1.22–1.5, respectively). The COVID-19 pandemic did not change the pattern of DS/OTC drug usage in about 33% of students. Those who started taking DS during the pandemic accounted for 19% of all students. Conclusions: The use of DS is common among Wroclaw Medical University students with some differences between subgroups of respondents. Additionally, despite declared good knowledge about DS, most students declare the need to learn more about them.
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Alateeq D, Alsubaie MA, Alsafi FA, Hisham Alsulaiman S, Korayem GB. The use of dietary supplements for mental health among the Saudi population: A cross-sectional survey. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:742-749. [PMID: 35812149 PMCID: PMC9257885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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Nacouzi C, Tarazi V, Kabalane L, Hosry M, Hleyhel M. Knowledge, use and practices of licensed dietitians related to dietary supplements in Lebanon. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-11. [PMID: 34933705 PMCID: PMC9991652 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100495x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate Lebanese licensed dietitians' knowledge, prevalence of use and recommendation of dietary supplements (DS), and their associated factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Dietitians across Lebanon were contacted through the telephone and were asked to participate in the study. An online self-administered questionnaire was designed and sent to dietitians either by email or by WhatsApp, between 4 March and 4 May 2020. PARTICIPANTS This study included 319 dietitians randomly selected from the dietitians' list that was provided by the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health. RESULTS Around 75 % of dietitians had a knowledge score above 50 %. Overall, 73·7 % of them have used DS and 46·1 % have recommended them. Higher knowledge score was associated with less years of experience, using scientific articles as source of information on DS, and participating in research. Resorting to pharmacists was significantly associated with both nutrient supplements (NS) and herbal supplements (HS) use, whereas referring to health food stores was associated with HS use only. NS recommendation to patients was associated with personal NS use (OR = 3·38, P < 0·001), considering pharmacists as a source of information on DS (OR = 2·29, P = 0·01) and discussing DS with patients (OR = 3·82, P = 0·01). Having personally used HS (OR = 12·23, P < 0·001) and having discussed DS with patients (OR = 8·51, P = 0·01) increased the likelihood of recommending HS. CONCLUSIONS A proper DS education, the elaboration of national scientific guidelines and the implementation of concise laws regarding the regulations of DS would play a crucial role in supporting dietitians' practices and improving the quality of patient care with respect to DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Nacouzi
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Tarazi
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Lara Kabalane
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Maya Hosry
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Mira Hleyhel
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
- CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
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Altamimi M, Hamdan M, Badrasawi M, Allahham S. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to Dietary Supplements among a Group of Palestinian Pharmacists. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021; 21:613-620. [PMID: 34888082 PMCID: PMC8631217 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.4.2021.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of dietary supplements (DS) has increased, but due to a lack of related regulations, the prescription of DS depends on pharmacists' knowledge. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to DS among community-based pharmacists. METHODS This study followed a cross-sectional design targeting community pharmacists in West Bank, Palestine between September and December 2019. Selected participants filled a self-administered questionnaire regarding their KAP related to DS. The questionnaire contained 15 items: five questions on knowledge, seven on practices and three on attitudes. RESULTS At a 90% response rate, 56.2% of the representative sample was female. The participants' experience was distributed almost equally across the categories of 0-5, 5-10 and over 10 years. Additionally, a majority of the participants were the responsible pharmacist and/or the pharmacy owner. Overall, the participants showed a moderate level of knowledge about DS with a mean score of 3.68 ± 1.1 out of 5; the correct answers ranged from 3.6% to 75.3% of the surveyed participants. The practices with the highest frequencies were as follows: taking DS sometimes (79.9%), taking supplements from well-known brands (56.2%), giving supplements to any patient (55.7%), selling supplements according to the participants' knowledge (74.2%) and providing advice about supplements (73.2%). The questions about the pharmacists' attitudes towards DS market regulation revealed that more than half (52%) of the participants believed that it was suitable. The association between knowledge score and practices was highly significant (P <0.001). CONCLUSION The study revealed that participants had moderate knowledge about DS. Additionally, knowledge and practices were highly connected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - May Hamdan
- Department of Healthy and Therapeutic Nutrition, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine
| | | | - Saad Allahham
- Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Rogge M, Kumar P, Grundmann O. Front-Line Health Care Professionals Lack Critical Knowledge in Dietary Supplement and Nutraceutical Products: A Call to Action for Comprehensive Educational Opportunities. J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 62:17-19. [PMID: 34648667 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Miragaia DAM, Trindade MNP, Pereira CAB. Qualifications and Competence to Prescribe Dietary Supplements: Perception of Fitness Instructors. J Diet Suppl 2021; 20:68-88. [PMID: 34396880 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1963025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to understand fitness instructors and personal trainers' perception of their qualifications and competence to prescribe dietary supplements. To this end, a questionnaire was applied to 154 fitness instructors and personal trainers with professional functions in health clubs/gyms. The results obtained show that the sale of these products in gyms is seen as stimulating their consumption and that most fitness professionals consider professionals in this area do not have competence to prescribe this type of service. The lack of confidence about knowledge of dietary supplements; degree courses with a weak curriculum in this domain; and the shortage of curricular units related to dietary supplements are possible reasons for these professionals not feeling sure about giving advice on this matter. Regarding ways of updating knowledge, although these professionals consider academic journals, conferences, congresses and nutrition courses as the most reliable sources of information, they resort more frequently to the Internet, despite considering this source as the least reliable. These results can have direct implications for various stakeholders, particularly for consumers to be more informed about the risks involved in consuming dietary supplements without due orientation; for fitness professionals who have little knowledge about this type of substance; for gym managers who need to understand the implications of selling this type of product in their establishments; for teaching institutions, who should reflect on, and organize their academic curricula in order to provide sufficient grounding for fitness professionals to feel safe and confident about their knowledge in this area; and for the producers of these products, in order to improve information about, and the safety of the substances they put on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A M Miragaia
- Sport Science Department, University of Beira Interior - NECE (Research unit in Business Sciences), Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | - Carla A B Pereira
- Management and Economics Department, University of Beira Interior - NECE (Research unit in Business Sciences), Covilhã, Portugal
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19
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Ng JY, Tahir U, Dhaliwal S. Barriers, knowledge, and training related to pharmacists' counselling on dietary and herbal supplements: a systematic review of qualitative studies. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 34034710 PMCID: PMC8147056 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacists are recognized as one of the most accessible healthcare providers and are licensed to advise patients on drugs and health products including dietary and herbal supplements (DHSs). The objective of this study was to identify barriers, knowledge, and training that pharmacists report related to DHSs counselling. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED and CINAHL were systematically searched from database inception to May 8th, 2020. Eligible articles contained qualitative data with a specific focus on pharmacists’ perceived knowledge, training, and barriers to DHSs counselling. Relevant data were extracted, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria. The following three main themes were identified: challenges to pharmacists obtaining DHSs education, postgraduate workplace challenges surrounding DHSs, and pharmacists’ perceived role and importance on DHSs. Low knowledge of DHSs and the limited regulations surrounding DHSs acting as a barrier to counselling were common findings supported by the eligible articles. Conclusions A lack of pharmacists’ knowledge and awareness of DHSs stems from a variety of factors including a lack of education and training in the field, limited regulations surrounding DHSs, and inadequate availability of DHS information resources in the pharmacy. Pharmacists were unable to confidently counsel patients due to these aforementioned factors in addition to reporting that they lacked time. Further research that reviews pharmacy education and workplace training, and improving DHS regulations are warranted future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Y Ng
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Learning and Discovery, Room 2112, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Umair Tahir
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Learning and Discovery, Room 2112, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Simran Dhaliwal
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Learning and Discovery, Room 2112, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
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Tommelein E, De Boevre M, Vanhie L, Van Tongelen I, Boussery K, De Saeger S. Revisiting the Food- and Nutrition-Related Curriculum in Healthcare Education: An Example for Pharmacy Education. PHARMACY 2021; 9:pharmacy9020104. [PMID: 34067396 PMCID: PMC8162543 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy9020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to obtain an objective overview of nutritional topics discussed in community pharmacies to adapt the nutrition-related course content in pharmacy education. Methods: We performed an observational study between July 2014 and April 2015 in 136 community pharmacies in Belgium. During four months, each pharmacy intern recorded the first two food- and nutrition-related cases with which they were confronted. Each case was classified into one of 18 categories. Results: 1004 cases were included by 135 pharmacy interns. The most often discussed subjects include “food supplements” (38%), “baby food” (19%), and “healthy food and nutritional recommendations” (11%). In 45% (447/1004) of all cases, pharmacy interns were able to immediately discuss the cases without searching for additional information. Eventually, after looking up extra information, 95% (958/1004) of cases could be answered. Conclusions: Food- and nutrition-related cases are discussed in primary healthcare. We recommend food- and nutrition-related courses in the curriculum of every healthcare profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Tommelein
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FARM), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-264-81-15
| | - Lize Vanhie
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Inge Van Tongelen
- Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.V.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Koen Boussery
- Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (I.V.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology & Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (E.T.); (L.V.); (S.D.S.)
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21
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Karbownik MS, Horne R, Paul E, Kowalczyk E, Szemraj J. Determinants of Knowledge About Dietary Supplements Among Polish Internet Users: Nationwide Cross-sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25228. [PMID: 33658173 PMCID: PMC8100877 DOI: 10.2196/25228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An accurate understanding of dietary supplements (DS) is a prerequisite for informed decisions regarding their intake. However, there is a need for studies on this understanding among the public based on validated research tools. Objective This study aims to assess the knowledge about DS among Polish internet users with no medical education and to identify its determinants and design an appropriate predictive model. Methods The study protocol was prospectively registered with a statistical analysis plan. Polish users of a web-based health service and a social networking service were administered a survey consisting of the recently developed questionnaire on knowledge about DS, the questionnaire on trust in advertising DS, the beliefs about medicines questionnaire, and several other health-related single-item measures and sociodemographic questions. The results were subjected to general linear modeling. Results A total of 6273 participants were included. Of the 17 yes or no questions in the questionnaire of knowledge about DS, the mean number of correct responses was 9.0 (95% CI 8.9-9.1). Health service users performed worse than social networking users by 2.3 points (95% CI 2.1-2.5) in an analysis adjusted for potential confounders. Internet users had fewer true beliefs about DS if they presented higher trust in their advertising (adjusted β=−.37; 95% CI −.39 to −.34), used DS (adjusted β=−.14; 95% CI −.17 to −.12), experienced their positive effect (adjusted β=−.16; 95% CI −.18 to −.13), were older or younger than 35 years (adjusted β=−.14; 95% CI −.17 to −.12), expressed interest in the topic of DS (adjusted β=−.10; 95% CI −.13 to −.08), reported getting information about the products from friends (adjusted β=−.13; 95% CI −.15 to −.11), and believed that medicines are harmful (adjusted β=−.12; 95% CI −.15 to −.10). The proposed 5-predictor model could explain 31.2% of the variance in knowledge about DS. The model appeared resistant to overfitting and was able to forecast most of the observed associations. Conclusions Polish internet users with no medical education exhibit some false beliefs regarding DS. Trusting the advertising of DS appears to conflict with knowledge about them. There is an urgent need for effective web-based educational campaigns on DS and the promotion of advertising literacy. After the proposed predictive model is externally validated, it may help identify the least informed target audience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Horne
- Centre for Behavioural Medicine, The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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22
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Bukic J, Kuzmanic B, Rusic D, Portolan M, Mihanovic A, Seselja Perisin A, Leskur D, Petric A, Bozic J, Tomic S, Modun D. Community pharmacists' use, perception and knowledge on dietary supplements: a cross sectional study. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2251. [PMID: 33727993 PMCID: PMC7939115 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.1.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pharmacists are commonly tasked with recommending the appropriate dietary
supplement and advising the patients of their correct and safe use. Previous
research, conducted on pharmacy students, showed that they did not always
use the evidence based sources of information, with personal use identified
as a significant predictor influencing the decision to recommend a
supplement. Objectives: To compare use, perceptions and knowledge of dietary supplements of
pharmacists with different years of work experience and to explore factors
that could influence their recommendation of supplements. Methods: A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted on Croatian
community pharmacists in September 2017. The questionnaire explored
pharmacists’ demographic characteristics, use, perceptions and
knowledge of dietary supplements. Pharmacists (N=102) were divided in two
groups based on their work experience: P0 (<10 years) and P1
(≥10 years). Results: All included pharmacists had high knowledge scores without differences
between groups (P0=10, IQR 9-12 vs P1=11, IQR 9-12, expressed as median and
interquartile range (IQR), p=0.275). Less experienced pharmacists perceived
there was less research conducted on the dietary supplements compared to
their more experienced counterparts (P0=1, IQR 1-2 vs P1=2, IQR 2-3,
expressed as median and interquartile range, p<0.001). Groups
differed in sources used when choosing the appropriate supplement with P0
using higher quality sources such as systematic reviews in comparison to P1
(32.1% vs 8.7%, p=0.004). Pharmacists’ decision to
recommend a dietary supplement was influenced by their personal use (odds
ratio 0.216, 95%CI 0.068:0.689, p=0.01) and work experience (odds
ratio 0.154, 95%CI 0.045:0.530, p=0.003). Conclusions: Pharmacists did not use the high quality sources when recommending dietary
supplements and their decision to recommend the supplement was not based on
objective evaluation of evidence. Further education about the practice of
evidence-based pharmacy is necessary, with special emphasis on senior
pharmacists who might have missed that aspect during their formal
education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Bukic
- PhD, MPharm. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
| | - Branka Kuzmanic
- MPharm. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
| | - Doris Rusic
- PhD, MPharm. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
| | - Mate Portolan
- MPharm. Split-Dalmatia County Pharmacy. Split (Croatia).
| | | | - Ana Seselja Perisin
- PhD, MPharm. Assistant professor. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
| | - Dario Leskur
- PhD, MPharm. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
| | - Ana Petric
- MPharm. Split-Dalmatia County Pharmacy. Split (Croatia).
| | - Josko Bozic
- MD, PhD. Associate professor. Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split (Croatia).
| | - Sinisa Tomic
- PhD; Professor. Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices. Zagreb (Croatia)
| | - Darko Modun
- MD, PhD. Professor. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Split. Split (Croatia).
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Sport Dietary Supplements and Physical Activity in Biomedical Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18042046. [PMID: 33669800 PMCID: PMC7922728 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical students should have suitable knowledge about sport dietary supplements (SDS) usage as they are future medical professionals who will have SDS users in their care. The aim of this study was to assess the habits, opinions, and knowledge about SDS usage, along with the level of physical activity, in 386 biomedical students at the University of Split School of Medicine. A specialized questionnaire was developed by a group of experts for the assessment of habits, opinions, and knowledge about SDS and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to evaluate the level of physical activity. The results showed that 49.2% of students used SDS and there was a significant positive correlation between the knowledge questionnaire score and the level of physical activity (r = 0.744, p < 0.001). Moreover, SDS users had a higher knowledge questionnaire score (p < 0.001) and a higher level of physical activity (p < 0.001) compared to non-users. These results suggest that more physically active students are better informed about SDS, but these results also imply that SDS should be implemented in the study program of future medical professionals to ensure that they are informed for their own personal consumption and will be confident in giving advice about SDS usage to their future patients.
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Samreen S, Siddiqui NA, Wajid S, Mothana RA, Almarfadi OM. Prevalence and Use of Dietary Supplements Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:1523-1531. [PMID: 32982510 PMCID: PMC7494426 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s256656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dietary supplements (DSs) are popular in many countries, and their use among individuals is increasing worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and use of DSs among pharmacy students in King Saud University College of Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This study used a cross-sectional design targeting male senior pharmacy students in their fourth and fifth years of Bachelor and Doctor of Pharmacy courses. The data were collected between August and October 2019 using paper-based questionnaires. Results A total of 46.8% of the students used DSs. Of all students surveyed, 19% used branded supplements whereas 9.7% used generic or local supplements and 12.3% used both generic and branded supplements. Furthermore, 8.2% students suffered from side effects, including 5.6% who suffered from nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and 2.6% who suffered from headache, confusion, and disorientation. Approximately 24.6% of students used fiber DSs whereas 19% and 16.4% used DSs for protein and glucosamine/omega 3 fatty acids, respectively. Conclusion The study findings indicated that the prevalence of DS use is increasing. However, approximately half of the respondents encourage the use of DSs only with a doctor’s recommendation. Educating about the safe use of DSs is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Samreen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Aurobindo College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Warangal, India
| | - Nasir A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Wajid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi A Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer M Almarfadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alfawaz H, Khan N, Almarshad A, Wani K, Aljumah MA, Khattak MNK, Al-Daghri NM. The Prevalence and Awareness Concerning Dietary Supplement Use among Saudi Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103515. [PMID: 32443434 PMCID: PMC7277864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current dietary supplement (DS) use among Saudi school students is not well described. In this study, we aim to investigate the prevalence and predictors of DS use among adolescents. This cross-sectional study collected data via self-administered questionnaire from 1221 students (12 to 18 years). The overall prevalence of DS use was 26.2%, significantly higher in females than males (33% vs. 17.9%, p < 0.001). High proportion of female DS users demonstrated normal BMI than males (84% vs. 56.5%, p < 0.001). High percentage of male DS users were engaged in vigorous and/or high physical activity (PA) levels than female DS users (58.2% vs. 43%, p = 0.022; and 57.1% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001, respectively). The main reasons for DS use among females were vitamin deficiency (63.3%), hair condition (37.6%) and nail health (23.5%) while in males, the main reasons were vitamin deficiency (58.4%) and body building (34.4%). The predictors of DS use in Saudi adolescents included being female, having high family income and being physically active. In conclusion, the overall prevalence and preference of DS use, though low among Saudi adolescents, was driven mostly by gender, physical activity levels and socioeconomic factors like family income. DS use guidelines and counselling among Saudi adolescents are warranted to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Alfawaz
- College of Food Science & Agriculture, Department of Food Science & Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (N.M.A.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-8055890
| | - Nasiruddin Khan
- College of Applied and Health Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, A’ Sharqiyah University, Ibra 400, Oman;
| | - Alwateen Almarshad
- College of Food Science & Agriculture, Department of Food Science & Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (N.M.A.-D.)
| | - Muneerah A. Aljumah
- College of Medicine Medical Student, Almaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (N.M.A.-D.)
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (N.M.A.-D.)
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Chiba T, Kobayashi E, Okura T, Sekimoto M, Mizuno H, Saito M, Umegaki K. An educational intervention improved knowledge of dietary supplements in college students. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:633. [PMID: 32381078 PMCID: PMC7204311 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported on the prevalence of dietary supplements among college students; it was deduced that their intake of supplements increased according to their grade (i.e., 13.1% in the first grade to 20.5% in the sixth grade). We also reported that some students had experienced adverse events in Japan due to their intake of these supplements. However, awareness of dietary supplements among college students remains limited, even among pharmaceutical students. Being appropriately educated about them is important for pharmaceutical students, both for themselves as well as for their future careers as pharmacists. METHODS We conducted a lecture-based educational intervention about dietary supplements on 328 college students in Japan-184 from pharmaceutical science and 144 from environmental science or food and life science disciplines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an educational intervention on college students' understanding of dietary supplements. The intervention involved a lecture that covered the quality of dietary supplements, how they differed from drugs, and a summary of their adverse events. The lecture was evaluated using a 14-question questionnaire. We then compared the pre- and post-intervention responses to the same questionnaire using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The questions were assessed using a Likert scale that ranged from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree"; the latter being the preferred answer. RESULTS Before the intervention had taken place, the students' understanding of dietary supplements was shown to be deficient. Conversely, post-intervention, their knowledge levels had significantly improved, especially concerning agreement on whether "Dietary supplements are safe because they are just food items". Pre-intervention, 2.7% strongly agreed and 37.5% agreed; post-intervention, 1.2% strongly agreed and 15.6% agreed. On whether "Dietary supplements made from natural ingredients or herbs are safe", at the pre-intervention stage 2.8% strongly agreed and 44.0% agreed and post-intervention, 2.2% strongly agreed and 16.9% agreed. On whether "Dietary supplements made from food items are safe", 4.0% strongly agreed and 43.6% agreed pre-intervention and 0.9% strongly agreed and 16.6% agreed post-intervention. Despite there being a greater number of pharmaceutical students who had a correct understanding of dietary supplements before the intervention, these students still showed improvement after the lecture. CONCLUSION An intervention in the form of a single educational lecture has the capacity to improve college students' understanding of dietary supplements. It is important for pharmacists to be appropriately educated about dietary supplements when they consult with patients. We will evaluate the long-term effects of the intervention on the alumni (pharmacists) in a subsequent study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Chiba
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Etsuko Kobayashi
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Takashi Okura
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Sekimoto
- Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Environmental Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideya Mizuno
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Keizo Umegaki
- Department of Food Safety and Management, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
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Boylan PM, Murzello A, Parmar J, Chow NK. Integration of Latin American Complementary and Alternative Medicine Topics Into a Doctor of Pharmacy Curriculum and Survey of Student Attitudes and Behaviors. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2020; 7:2382120520904121. [PMID: 32072013 PMCID: PMC6997959 DOI: 10.1177/2382120520904121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One in 3 adults report using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and as many as 7 in 10 Hispanic patients report CAM use. Pharmacists often encounter patients who use CAM products and therefore college of pharmacy curricular standards require both CAM and cultural competence training; however, there is little guidance for colleges on how to best deliver this material. In Fall 2017, Larkin University College of Pharmacy implemented a curricular change wherein first professional (P1) year pharmacy students selected, researched, and presented on a CAM product from Latin America. Pre-post surveys were administered to the students to measure their attitudes and behaviors toward CAM before and after completing their project. Survey results showed that student attitudes and behaviors toward CAM were largely unchanged; however, post-survey results showed that students agreed that they knew where to search for Latin American CAM information (P < 0.05). Integration of Latin American CAM topics was successfully implemented in the P1 year of a Doctor of Pharmacy degree curriculum to foster cultural competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Boylan
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
| | - Andrea Murzello
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
- Office of Experiential Education,
College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jayesh Parmar
- Department of Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL,
USA
| | - Nicholas K Chow
- Clinical Trials, Miami Cancer Institute,
Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
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Epidemiology of dietary supplement use in Serbia: Report from Novi Sad. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102228. [PMID: 31780008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objectives were to assess the prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) use and to identify specific demographic and lifestyle characteristics of DS users from Novi Sad, Serbia as well as the most commonly used DS and reasons for their use. DESIGN Observational, cross-sectional study. SETTING AND INTERVENTIONS Data on demographics, lifestyle and dietary supplement use of 435 adults from Novi Sad, Serbia were collected using an online questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 435 subjects completed the questionnaire (62.3% women). Prevalence of dietary supplement use in the sample was 42.8%. More women used DS than men (p = 0.002). Higher use of DS was reported among individuals 65+, while the young used DS less (p = 0.001), but the highest proportions of DS users was from the 45-54 age group. DS were used more among those with lower education levels (p < 0.001) and no income (p = 0.009). The highest percentages of DS users reported daily intakes of fruits and moderate physical activity, were non-smokers and social drinkers. Main reason for DS use was maintaining general health. The most commonly used DS were minerals and/or vitamins (68.8%). CONCLUSIONS We report a high prevalence of dietary supplement use in Novi Sad. DS use was associated with being a female, being older and having minimal/average income, the latter being opposite of the usual findings. Our results warrant a more detailed examination of the association between income, DS use and healthcare availability in developing countries such as Serbia.
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Marupuru S, Axon DR, Slack MK. How do pharmacists use and recommend vitamins, minerals, herbals and other dietary supplements? Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:229. [PMID: 31438941 PMCID: PMC6704661 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), including vitamins, minerals, herbals, and other dietary supplements, is widespread in the United States (ranging from 24% in Hispanics to 50% in American Indians). Pharmacists are an accessible source for healthcare information, but little is known about their use of CAM products and to whom they would recommend these products. Methods A cross-sectional survey was sent via email to pharmacists licensed in one state in the United States in 2015. The survey included items about their use of 10 vitamins and minerals, and 21 herbal or other dietary supplements, as well as reasons for use, conditions used to treat, if they would recommend the product to patients, family, or friends, their perception of CAM safety and effectiveness, and four demographic questions. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and a chi-square test was used to determine differences between pharmacists’ use of vitamins/minerals and herbals/other dietary supplements. The a priori alpha level was 0.05. Results A total of 639 pharmacists completed the survey. Female pharmacists used vitamins/minerals (p = 0.031) and herbals/others (p = 0.039) more than male pharmacists. Older pharmacists used herbals/others more than younger pharmacists (p < 0.001). Fifty-nine percent thought the dietary supplements in the survey were safe while 32% reported they were effective. Seventy-eight percent of respondents reported use of any vitamin or mineral product versus 42% who reported use of any herbal or other dietary supplement. Commonly used products included: multivitamins (91%), vitamin C (71%), fish oil (65%), probiotics (53%), and fiber (53%). The most commonly reported reason for use was general health and wellness (17–90%). Pharmacists most commonly recommend fiber/psyllium (94%) and calcium (90%) to patients, family, and friends. Conclusions Pharmacists in this survey selectively used vitamins, minerals, herbals and other dietary supplements, and recommended some of the more commonly used products to patients, family and friends. This is valuable information given that pharmacists are frontline healthcare professionals who may be asked to provide advice about these products. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2637-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Axon DR, Augustine JM, Warholak T, Lee JK. Improving rating scales: Applying Rasch analysis to student pharmacists' attitudes towards herbal medications. CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING & LEARNING 2019; 11:658-663. [PMID: 31227087 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the psychometric properties of a cross-sectional survey of student pharmacists' attitudes regarding herbal medications using a polytomous Rasch model. Seven items assessed students' attitudes towards herbal medications using a 6-point agreement scale (0 to 5). Student responses were reviewed to identify outliers and aberrant response patterns, assess scale fit, and perform item analysis. Scale performance was assessed to determine if response categories were independent and equally represented. Items were reviewed for model fit and construct validity with significant item gaps identified using a z-test. IMPACT A total of 324 students completed the survey. The initial 6-point scale was analyzed. Student responses with outfit mean-square (MNSQ) values >5 were removed, yet the scale did not have appropriate functionality. The categories were merged to form a 4-point scale with no improvement. Therefore, two different 3-point scale options were analyzed: response categories of 0, 1 to 3, and 4 to 5; and response categories of 0, 1 to 4, and 5. With ten students removed, both 3-point scales met the requirements for functionality and all items exhibited good fit with MNSQ values between 0.6 and 1.4, person-separation value of 1.29, and person-reliability value of 0.62. RECOMMENDATIONS Both 3-point scales met the requirements for Rasch analysis. The most optimal scale was the 0, 1 to 4, and 5 option. DISCUSSION This study provides findings from the survey validity assessment alongside the survey results, which is useful for readers to have confidence in the quality of the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rhys Axon
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N Martin Ave, PO Box 210202, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
| | - Jill M Augustine
- Mercer University College of Pharmacy, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Duvall 138, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States.
| | - Terri Warholak
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N Martin Ave, PO Box 210202, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
| | - Jeannie K Lee
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N Martin Ave, PO Box 210202, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
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Karbownik MS, Paul E, Nowicka M, Nowicka Z, Kowalczyk RP, Kowalczyk E, Pietras T. Knowledge about dietary supplements and trust in advertising them: Development and validation of the questionnaires and preliminary results of the association between the constructs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218398. [PMID: 31233516 PMCID: PMC6590799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite offering little overall benefit and emerging concerns about their safety, dietary supplements have become increasingly popular. Trust in advertising them may contribute to high confidence in dietary supplements in public opinion. AIM To develop and validate a screening questionnaire intended for the general public regarding knowledge about dietary supplements and a questionnaire on trust in advertising dietary supplements, and to identify the association between these constructs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The development and validation of the measures was overseen by the panels of experts. The conceptual frameworks of the constructs were scientifically well grounded. A set of semi-structured interviews and anonymous web-based surveys was performed. The final questionnaire was applied to 220 non-medically educated people and 121 medically educated people. RESULTS A 17-item questionnaire on knowledge about dietary supplements and eight-item questionnaire on trust in advertising dietary supplements were developed. The measures presented satisfactory proof of validity, however, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire on knowledge were modest. Both the knowledge about dietary supplements in the study group and trust in advertising them were low. A significant negative relationship was found between knowledge about dietary supplements and trust in advertising them among the general public (Pearson's r = -0.42, 95%CI: -0.52 to -0.30, p<0.0001). This association was especially pronounced in people who reported not taking dietary supplements (Pearson's r = -0.61, 95%CI: -0.76 to -0.39, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The extensive advertising of dietary supplements appears to be in conflict with promoting evidence-based knowledge about them, which raises substantial concerns for the public health. The results of the study are only preliminary and require further confirmation and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maja Nowicka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Nowicka
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Ewan T, Bettina K, Fatma Nese S, Goktug E, Francesco M, Vincenza L, Antonio P, Paulo G, Antonio P, Antonino B. Protein supplement consumption is linked to time spent exercising and high-protein content foods: A multicentric observational study. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01508. [PMID: 31025015 PMCID: PMC6475874 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to analyze if protein supplement consumption and food patterns vary across three geographical regions and secondly to identify possible factors that increase the likelihood of ingesting protein supplements. A total of 916 responses from gym users of 3 countries (Italy, Turkey and UK) were entered for analysis. Questions were related to supplement consumption (protein and other supplements), food intake and training habits. A descriptive analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regression were performed. No differences were found across groups regarding: prevalence of protein supplement consumption, typology of other ingested supplement and food intake. No relation was found between level of education (r = .12) or geographical region (r = .16) and protein consumption. The analysis showed that the coach is the main source of suggestion for the intake of protein supplements (52.3%). The logistic regression model highlighted that gym users who exercised more (OR 1.51, p < 0.001) and consumed higher quantities of chicken (OR 1.39, p < 0.001) eggs (OR 1.18, p < 0.001) and canned tuna (OR 1.15, p < 0.05) were more likely to use protein supplements. Geographical area does not seem to influence the supplementation pattern. Time spent exercising and high protein foods are factors associated with protein supplement consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ewan
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Karsten Bettina
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Lunex University, Differdange, Luxembourg
- Department of Life and Sports Science, University of Greenwich, UK
| | - Sahin Fatma Nese
- Coaching Education Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ertetik Goktug
- Coaching Education Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Martines Francesco
- Bio.Ne.C. Department, ENT Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leonardi Vincenza
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- MSc Program on Aesthetic Medicine and Wellness, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paoli Antonio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gentil Paulo
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Palma Antonio
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bianco Antonino
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Prevalence, attitudes and motivations concerning dietary supplements in sport intake among medical students. CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.18276/cej.2019.4-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Liu H, Yang Y, Xu D, Xia H, Pan D, Wang S, Sun G. Investigation and Comparison of Nutritional Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Attitudes in Medical and Non-Medical Students in China. Nutrients 2018; 10:1810. [PMID: 30463386 PMCID: PMC6267366 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate and compare the prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes of Chinese university students with respect to nutritional supplements. We conducted a cross-sectional study in several universities around China from January to December 2017, and enrolled a total of 8752 students. Of these, 4252 were medical students and 4500 were non-medical students. The use of nutritional supplements was reported by 58.9% in universities students, with a higher rate for medical students as compared to non-medical students. It was found 24.2% of participants had taken supplements in the past year. Medical students had a higher level of knowledge on nutritional supplements than non-medical students (p < 0.001). The most commonly used nutritional supplements were vitamin C, calcium, and vitamin B. Gender (p < 0.001), household income (p < 0.001), and health status (p < 0.001) were related to the nutritional supplement use after adjustment for related factors. In conclusion, in China, nutritional supplement use was found to be more common in medical students than those studying other disciplines, and was associated with sex, income, and health status. The attitude towards nutritional supplements by medical students was positive. Students' knowledge levels about nutritional supplements need to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hechun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuexin Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 29 Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Dengfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Guiju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Peabody J, Acelajado MC, Robert T, Hild C, Schrecker J, Paculdo D, Tran M, Jeter E. Drug-Drug Interaction Assessment and Identification in the Primary Care Setting. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:806-814. [PMID: 30344815 PMCID: PMC6188027 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3557w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are ubiquitous, harmful and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. With an aging population, growth in polypharmacy, widespread use of supplements, and the rising opioid abuse epidemic, primary care physicians (PCPs) are increasingly challenged with identifying and preventing DDIs. We set out to evaluate current clinical practices related to identifying and treating DDIs and to determine if opportunities to increase prevention of DDIs and their adverse events could be identified. Methods In a nationally representative sample of 330 board-certified family and internal medicine practitioners, we evaluated whether PCPs assessed DDIs in the care they provided for three simulated patients. The patients were taking common prescription medications (e.g. opioids and psychiatric medications) along with other common ingestants (e.g. supplements and food) and presented with symptoms of DDIs. Physicians were scored on their ability to inquire about the patient's medications, investigate possible DDIs, evaluate the patient, and provide treatment recommendations. We scored the physicians' care recommendations against evidence-based criteria, including overall care quality and treatment for DDIs. Results Average overall quality of care score was 50.5% ± 12.0%. Despite >99% self-reported use of medication reconciliation practices and tools, physicians identified DDIs in only 15.3% of patients, with 15.5% ± 20.3% of DDI-specific treatment by the physicians. Conclusions PCPs in this study did not recognize or adequately treat DDIs. Better methods are needed to screen for DDIs in the primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Peabody
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,QURE Healthcare, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Tim Robert
- Aegis Sciences Corporation, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cheryl Hild
- Aegis Sciences Corporation, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Mary Tran
- QURE Healthcare, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Žeželj SP, Tomljanović A, Jovanović GK, Krešić G, Peloza OC, Dragaš-Zubalj N, Prokurica IP. Prevalence, Knowledge and Attitudes Concerning Dietary Supplements among a Student Population in Croatia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061058. [PMID: 29882906 PMCID: PMC6025528 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of usage and the knowledge and attitudes towards dietary supplements among medical sciences and nonmedical sciences students from Croatia. The study was conducted based on a questionnaire about dietary supplement usage, knowledge and attitudes. The prevalence of dietary supplement use, among 910 university students was 30.5%. The most-used dietary supplements were vitamins (18.0% in medical sciences students and 9.8% in non-medical sciences students). For all students, the internet (66.1%) was the most common source of information, followed by healthcare professionals (33.2%). The most common reason for taking dietary supplements was to maintain good health (26.4%). Use of the internet rather than health professionals as a trusted information source should be revised among this young population. Supplement intake was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.016) and physical activity (p = 0.050). Students with normal BMI (61.5%) and the most physically active students (37.7%) took significantly more dietary supplements. Results of this study could help medicine faculties to improve their curriculum and support the development of public health messages aimed at wise and safe use of dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pavičić Žeželj
- Health Ecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Ana Tomljanović
- Health Ecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Greta Krešić
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, Primorska 42, P.O. Box 97, 51410 Opatija, Croatia.
| | - Olga Cvijanović Peloza
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Nataša Dragaš-Zubalj
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52a, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Iva Pavlinić Prokurica
- Croatian Centre for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gorice 68 g, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Marku M, McCarthy BC. Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2017; 81:6775. [PMID: 29367781 PMCID: PMC5774201 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe6775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Marku
- Chicago State University College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois
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Axon DR, Slack M. Response to Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2017; 81:6854. [PMID: 29367782 PMCID: PMC5774202 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe6854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marion Slack
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona
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Kobayashi E, Sato Y, Umegaki K, Chiba T. The Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use among College Students: A Nationwide Survey in Japan. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111250. [PMID: 29140269 PMCID: PMC5707722 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the prevalence of dietary supplement use among college students, we conducted Internet-based nationwide questionnaire surveys with 157,595 Japanese college students aged between 18 to 24 years old who were registrants of Macromill Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Among the 9066 respondents (response rate 5.8%), 16.8% were currently using dietary supplements. The prevalence of dietary supplement use did not differ significantly between males (17.1%) and females (16.7%). However, it increased according to their grade (13.1% to 20.5%), and it was higher in medical and pharmaceutical college students (22.0%) compared to others (16.7%). The main purpose of dietary supplement use was for the health benefits in both males and females. Other reasons were to build muscle in males, and as a beauty supplement and for weight loss in females. According to the purpose of dietary supplement use, the most commonly-used dietary supplements were vitamin/mineral supplements in both males and females, then protein and weight loss supplements in males and females, respectively. Although most students obtained information about dietary supplements via the Internet, they typically purchased the supplements from drug stores. Of the students surveyed, 7.5% who were currently using or used to use dietary supplements experienced adverse effects, with no significant difference between genders (8.8% in male, 7.0% in female). In conclusion, the prevalence of dietary supplement use increased with grade among college students in Japan. Some of them experienced adverse effects. Education may be important to prevent adverse effects resulting from supplement use in college.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Kobayashi
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Yoko Sato
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Keizo Umegaki
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Chiba
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
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