1
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Saemundsson SA, Curry SD, Bower BM, DeBoo EJ, Goodwin AP, Cha JN. Controlling cellular packing and hypoxia in 3D tumor spheroids via DNA interactions. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4759-4769. [PMID: 39136101 PMCID: PMC11320176 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Tumor spheroids represent valuable in vitro models for studying cancer biology and evaluating therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the impact of varying lengths of DNA-modified cell surfaces on spheroid formation, cellular adhesion molecule expression, and hypoxia levels within 4T1 mouse breast cancer spheroids. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrated that modifying cell surfaces with biotinylated DNA strands of different lengths facilitated spheroid formation without significantly altering the expression of fibronectin and e-cadherin, key cellular adhesion molecules. However, our findings revealed a notable influence of DNA length on hypoxia levels within the spheroids. As DNA length increased, hypoxia levels decreased, indicating enhanced intercellular spacing and porosity within the spheroid structure. These results contribute to a better understanding of how DNA modification of cell surfaces can modulate spheroid architecture and microenvironmental conditions. Such insights may have implications for developing therapeutic interventions targeting the tumor microenvironment to improve cancer treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven A Saemundsson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
| | - Shane D Curry
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
| | - Bryce M Bower
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
| | - Ethan J DeBoo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
| | - Andrew P Goodwin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jennifer N Cha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
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2
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Tan J, Dong X, Liu H. Mitochondrial DNA is a sensitive surrogate and oxidative stress target in oral cancer cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304939. [PMID: 39226291 PMCID: PMC11371132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular oxidative stress mediated by intrinsic and/or extrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with disease pathogenesis. Oxidative DNA damage can naturally be substituted by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), leading to base lesion/strand break formation, copy number changes, and mutations. In this study, we devised a single test for the sensitive quantification of acute mtDNA damage, repair, and copy number changes using supercoiling-sensitive quantitative PCR (ss-qPCR) and examined how oxidative stress-related mtDNA damage responses occur in oral cancer cells. We observed that exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced dynamic mtDNA damage responses, as reflected by early structural DNA damage, followed by DNA repair if damage did not exceed a particular threshold. However, high oxidative stress levels induced persistent mtDNA damage and caused a 5-30-fold depletion in mtDNA copy numbers over late responses. This dramatic depletion was associated with significant growth arrest and apoptosis, suggesting persistent functional consequences. Moreover, oral cancer cells responded differentially to oxidative injury when compared with normal cells, and different ROS species triggered different biological consequences under stress conditions. In conclusion, we developed a new method for the sensitive detection of mtDNA damage and copy number changes, with exogenous H2O2 inducing dynamic mtDNA damage responses associated with functional changes in stressed cancer cells. Finally, our method can help characterize oxidative DNA damage in cancer and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xinlin Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Haiwen Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Oncology Metabonomic, Jinzhou, China
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3
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Peng X, Chen X, Peng S, Chen Y, Li Y, Tian Y. CircPRRC2C Promotes the Oncogenic Phenotypes of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via MiR-136-5p/HOXD11 Axis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2381-2395. [PMID: 37728841 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00868-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) carcinogenesis has gradually been proposed. Herein, we aimed to explore the function and mechanism of circPRRC2C in LSCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used for detecting the content of genes and proteins. In vitro experiments were conducted using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. The binding between miR-136-5p and circPRRC2C or Homeobox D11 (HOXD11) was confirmed by using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The murine xenograft model was established for in vivo analysis. The commercial kit was used for exosome separation. CircPRRC2C is a stable circRNA, and was highly expressed in LSCC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, circPRRC2C deficiency impaired LSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion but induced cell apoptosis in vitro and impeded tumor growth in vivo, however, circPRRC2C overexpression showed the exact opposite effects. Mechanistically, circPRRC2C directly targeted miR-136-5p, which showed inhibitory effects on the growth and mobility of LSCC cells. Meanwhile, miR-136-5p directly targeted HOXD11, and circPRRC2C/miR-136-5p/HOXD11 formed a feedback loop in LSCC cells. Further rescue assays exhibited that circPRRC2C exerted its effects by miR-136-5p/HOXD11 axis. In addition, circPRRC2C was stably packaged into exosomes and showed potential diagnostic value for LSCC. CircPRRC2C acted as an oncogene to promote LSCC cell oncogenic phenotypes via miR-136-5p/HOXD11 axis, besides, circPRRC2C was stably packaged into exosomes, indicating the potential application of circPRRC2C-targeting agents in the treatment in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.49, Nihuangpi Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Xintian Chen
- College of Life Science, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuai Peng
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Clean Production and High Value Utilization of Bio-Based Textile Materials, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
- College of Life Science, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Yingming Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central MinZu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.49, Nihuangpi Road, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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4
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Aden D, Zaheer S, Khan S, Jairajpuri ZS, Jetley S. Navigating the landscape of HPV-associated cancers: From epidemiology to prevention. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 263:155574. [PMID: 39244910 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a widespread infection associated with various cancers, including cervical, oropharyngeal, anal, and genital cancers. This infection contributes to 5 % of global cancer cases annually, affecting approximately 625,600 women and 69,400 men. Cervical cancer remains the most prevalent HPV-linked cancer among females, with the highest incidence seen in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). While most HPV infections are transient, factors such as HPV variants, age, gender, and socioeconomic status influence transmission risks. HPV is categorized into high-risk (HR-HPV) and low-risk types, with strains like HPV 16 and 18 displaying distinct demographic patterns. The intricate pathogenesis of HPV involves genetic and epigenetic interactions, with HPV oncogenes (E6 and E7) and integration into host DNA playing a pivotal role in driving malignancies. Early diagnostics, utilizing HPV DNA testing with surrogate markers such as p16, and advanced molecular techniques like PCR, liquid biopsy, and NGS, significantly impact the management of HPV-induced cancers. Effectively managing HPV-related cancers demands a multidisciplinary approach, including immunotherapy, integrating current therapies, ongoing trials, and evolving treatments. Prevention via HPV vaccination and the inclusion of cervical cancer screening in national immunization programs by conventional Pap smear examination and HPV DNA testing remains fundamental.Despite the preventability of HPV-related cancers, uncertainties persist in testing, vaccination, and treatment. This review article covers epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, management, prevention strategies, challenges, and future directions. Addressing issues like vaccine hesitancy, healthcare disparities, and advancing therapies requires collaboration among researchers, healthcare providers, policymakers, and the public. Advancements in understanding the disease's molecular basis and clinical progression are crucial for early detection, proper management, and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durre Aden
- Department of Pathology, HIMSR, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, VMMC and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sabina Khan
- Department of Pathology, HIMSR, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sujata Jetley
- Department of Pathology, HIMSR, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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La Banca V, De Domenico S, Nicolai S, Gatti V, Scalera S, Maugeri M, Mauriello A, Montanaro M, Pahnke J, Candi E, D’Amico S, Peschiaroli A. ABCC1 Is a ΔNp63 Target Gene Overexpressed in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8741. [PMID: 39201428 PMCID: PMC11354449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ΔNp63 plays a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of stratified epithelial tissues by regulating the expression of distinct target genes involved in lineage specification, cell stemness, cell proliferation and differentiation. Here, we identified the ABC transporter subfamily member ABCC1 as a novel ΔNp63 target gene. We found that in immortalized human keratinocytes and in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells, ∆Np63 induces the expression of ABCC1 by physically occupying a p63-binding site (p63 BS) located in the first intron of the ABCC1 gene locus. In cutaneous SCC and during the activation of the keratinocyte differentiation program, ∆Np63 and ABCC1 levels are positively correlated raising the possibility that ABCC1 might be involved in the regulation of the proliferative/differentiative capabilities of squamous tissue. However, we did not find any gross alteration in the structure and morphology of the epidermis in humanized hABCC1 knock-out mice. Conversely, we found that the genetic ablation of ABCC1 led to a marked reduction in inflammation-mediated proliferation of keratinocytes, suggesting that ABCC1 might be involved in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation upon inflammatory/proliferative signals. In line with these observations, we found a significant increase in ABCC1 expression in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), a tumor type characterized by keratinocyte hyper-proliferation and a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Collectively, these data uncover ABCC1 as an additional ∆Np63 target gene potentially involved in those skin diseases characterized by dysregulation of proliferation/differentiation balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica La Banca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.L.B.); (S.D.D.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Sara De Domenico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.L.B.); (S.D.D.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Sara Nicolai
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.N.); (V.G.)
| | - Veronica Gatti
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.N.); (V.G.)
| | - Stefano Scalera
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Division, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcello Maugeri
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Division, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.L.B.); (S.D.D.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jens Pahnke
- Translational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology Lab/Section of Neuropathology Research, Department of Pathology (PAT), Medical Faculty/Clinical Medicine (KlinMed), Clinics for Laboratory Medicine (KLM), University of Oslo (UiO) and Oslo University Hospital (OUS), Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine (INUM)/Lübeck Institute of Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck (UzL) and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, The Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia (LU), Jelgavas iela 3, LV-1004 Rīga, Latvia
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The Georg S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University (TAU), Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.L.B.); (S.D.D.); (A.M.); (E.C.)
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia D’Amico
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.N.); (V.G.)
| | - Angelo Peschiaroli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.N.); (V.G.)
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6
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Li W, You J, Xue H, Liu Y, Chen J, Zheng X, Chen L, Wu C. Unlocking the potential of HHLA2: identifying functional immune infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicting clinical outcomes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:207. [PMID: 39105870 PMCID: PMC11303638 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HHLA2 (human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2) represents a recently identified member of the B7 immune checkpoint family, characterized by limited expression in normal tissues but notable overexpression in various cancer types. Nevertheless, the precise function and interaction with immune cells remain poorly understood, particularly in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). This investigation endeavored to elucidate the biological significance of HHLA2 within the tumor microenvironment of human LSCC tissues and delineate the clinical relevance and functional roles of HHLA2 in LSCC pathogenesis. METHODS Through multiplexed immunohistochemistry analyses conducted on tissue microarrays sourced from LSCC patients (n = 72), the analysis was executed to assess the expression levels of HHLA2, density and spatial patterns of CD68+HLA-DR+CD163- (M1 macrophages), CTLA-4+CD4+FoxP3+ (CTLA-4+Treg cells), CTLA-4+CD4+FoxP3- (CTLA-4+Tcon cells), exhausted CD8+T cells, and terminally exhausted CD8+T cells in LSCC tissues. Survival analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic significance of HHLA2 and these immune checkpoints or immune cell populations, employing COX regression analysis to identify independent prognostic factors. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves revealed a significant association between HHLA2 expression and overall survival (OS) in LSCC. Elevated levels of HHLA2 were linked to reduced patient survival, indicating its potential as a prognostic marker (HR: 3.230, 95%CI 0.9205-11.34, P = 0.0067). Notably, increased infiltration of CD68+ cells (total macrophages), STING+CD68+HLA-DR+CD163- (STING+M1 macrophages), CTLA-4+CD4+FoxP3+, CTLA-4+CD4+FoxP3-, PD-1+LAG-3+CD8+T cells, and PD-1+LAG-3+TIM-3+CD8+T cells strongly linked to poorer survival outcomes (P < 0.05). A discernible trend was observed between the levels of these immune cell populations, STING+CD68+ (STING+ total macrophages), CD68+HLA-DR+CD163-, STING+CD68+CD163+HLA-DR- (STING+M2 macrophages), PD-1+LAG-3-CD8+T cells, PD-1+TIM-3+CD8+T cells, and PD-1+LAG-3+TIM-3-CD8+T cells and prognosis. Importantly, multivariate COX analysis identified HHLA2 as an independent predictive factor for OS in LSCC patients (HR = 3.86, 95% CI 1.08-13.80, P = 0.038). This underscored the potential of HHLA2 as a critical marker for predicting patient outcomes in LSCC. CONCLUSIONS HHLA2 emerged as a detrimental prognostic biomarker for assessing OS in LSCC patients. Relative to other immune checkpoints, HHLA2 exhibited heightened predictive efficacy for the prognosis of LSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianqing You
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixiang Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changping Wu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Huang CY, Chou ST, Hsu YM, Chao WJ, Wu GH, Hsiao JR, Wang HD, Shiah SG. MEG3-Mediated Oral Squamous-Cell-Carcinoma-Derived Exosomal miR-421 Activates Angiogenesis by Targeting HS2ST1 in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7576. [PMID: 39062818 PMCID: PMC11277508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) from cancer cells play a key role in mediating the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) microenvironment. The objective of this study was to investigate how the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 affects OSCC angiogenesis through exosomal miR-421. Global miRNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to determine the level of miRNAs in OSCC cell-derived exosomes. Cell migration, invasion, tube formation, immunohistochemistry, and hemoglobin concentrations were used to study the effects of exosomal miR-421 in angiogenesis. Western blotting was used to determine the expression level of HS2ST1 and VEGFR2-related downstream proteins. MiRNA array and qRT-PCR identified the upregulation of miR-421 in OSCC cell-derived exosomes. Furthermore, exosomal miR-421 can be taken up by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and then target HS2ST1 through VEGF-mediated ERK and AKT phosphorylation, thereby promoting HUVEC migration, invasion, and tube formation. Additionally, forced expression of the lncRNA MEG3 in OSCC cells reduced exosomal miR-421 levels and then increased HS2ST1 expression, thereby reducing the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway in HUVECs. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which lncRNA MEG3 can act as a tumor suppressor and regulate endothelial angiogenesis through the exosomal miR-421/HS2ST1 axis, which provides a potential therapeutic strategy for OSCC angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yun Huang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Tau Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Yuan-Ming Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Wan-Ju Chao
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Guan-Hsun Wu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Head and Neck Collaborative Oncology Group, Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704302, Taiwan;
| | - Horng-Dar Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan;
| | - Shine-Gwo Shiah
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (S.-T.C.); (Y.-M.H.); (W.-J.C.); (G.-H.W.)
- Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116079, Taiwan
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8
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Lavi Arab F, Hoseinzadeh A, Hafezi F, Sadat Mohammadi F, Zeynali F, Hadad Tehran M, Rostami A. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for management of prostate cancer: An updated view. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112171. [PMID: 38701539 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer represents the second most prevalent form of cancer found in males, and stands as the fifth primary contributor to cancer-induced mortality on a global scale. Research has shown that transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate by homing to tumor sites in the body. In prostate cancer, researchers have explored the fact that MSC-based therapies (including genetically modified delivery vehicles or vectors) and MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as attractive options to improve the efficacy and safety of traditional cancer therapies. In addition, researchers have reported new insights into the application of extracellular vesicle (EV)-MSC therapy as a novel treatment option that could provide a more effective and targeted approach to prostate cancer treatment. Moreover, the new generation of exosomes, which contain biologically functional molecules as signal transducers between cells, can simultaneously deliver different therapeutic agents and induce an anti-tumor phenotype in immune cells and their recruitment to the tumor site. The results of the current research on the use of MSCs in the treatment of prostate cancer may be helpful to researchers and clinicians working in this field. Nevertheless, it is crucial to emphasize that although dual-role MSCs show promise as a therapeutic modality for managing prostate cancer, further investigation is imperative to comprehensively grasp their safety and effectiveness. Ongoing clinical trials are being conducted to assess the viability of MSCs in the management of prostate cancer. The results of these trials will help determine the viability of this approach. Based on the current literature, engineered MSCs-EV offer great potential for application in targeted tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.; Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hafezi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farid Zeynali
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Hadad Tehran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirreza Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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9
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Chekmaryova I, Kalinin D, Kostin A, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Atiakshin D. Ultrastructural features of tumor-associated mast cells in parasympathetic paragangliomas (chemodectomas) of the neck. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1373-1383. [PMID: 38380731 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the pathogenesis of neck paraganglioma (PGL) and the possible role of mast cells (MCs) in its development and metastasis are still poorly understood. We analyzed MCs' morphologic characterization, activation, and the properties of their cytoplasmic/released granules in PGLs, using light and transmission electron microscopy. Paragangliomas showed a large tumor-associated MC population both in the connective tissue layers of the tumor and between the tumor cells. Notably, MCs were presented by a high expression of specific proteases, size variation, polymorphism, and variable ultrastructural phenotype of granules. A massive number of granules were released surrounding the degranulated MCs while the integrity of MC membrane was maintained. Granules were electron-dense with or without a membrane, ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 μm in diameter. MC plasmalemma was not found at the site of MC-collagen fibrils contact, whereas the secretome and fibrils were directly contacted. We observed direct and mediator-based interactions between MCs and paraganglioma cells. The latter preserved their membrane integrity when MC granules were not in proximity. The effects of the MC secretome on the paraganglioma microenvironment demonstrated its pathogenetic role in tumor progression and allow its application to new diagnostic criteria and the development of protocols for personalized therapy. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Ultrastructural analysis reveals novel regulatory effects of mast cells via diverse secretory pathways on the pathogenesis of parasympathetic paraganglioma, including fibrous extracellular matrix remodeling and mediator-based interactions between MCs and cells of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Chekmaryova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kalinin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kostin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Hematopathology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitrii Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russia
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10
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Gao M, Liu T, Hu K, Chen S, Wang S, Gan D, Li Z, Lin X. Ribosomal Dysregulation in Metastatic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Proteomic Insights and CX-5461's Therapeutic Promise. TOXICS 2024; 12:363. [PMID: 38787142 PMCID: PMC11126056 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the main barriers to the successful treatment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is postoperative progression, primarily due to tumor cell metastasis. To systematically investigate the molecular characteristics and potential mechanisms underlying the metastasis in laryngeal cancer, we carried out a TMT-based proteomic analysis of both cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues from 10 LSCC patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and 10 without. A total of 5545 proteins were quantified across all samples. We identified 57 proteins that were downregulated in LSCC with LNM, which were enriched in cell adhesion pathways, and 69 upregulated proteins predominantly enriched in protein production pathways. Importantly, our data revealed a strong correlation between increased ribosomal activity and the presence of LNM, as 18 ribosomal subunit proteins were found to be upregulated, with RPS10 and RPL24 being the most significantly overexpressed. The potential of ribosomal proteins, including RPS10 and RPL24, as biomarkers for LSCC with LNM was confirmed in external validation samples (six with LNM and six without LNM) using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we have confirmed that the RNA polymerase I inhibitor CX-5461, which impedes ribosome biogenesis in LSCC, also decreases the expression of RPS10, RPL24, and RPS26. In vitro experiments have revealed that CX-5461 moderately reduces cell viability, while it significantly inhibits the invasion and migration of LSCC cells. It can enhance the expression of the epithelial marker CDH1 and suppress the expression of the mesenchymal markers CDH2, VIM, and FN at a dose that does not affect cell viability. Our study broadens the scope of the proteomic data on laryngeal cancer and suggests that ribosome targeting could be a supplementary therapeutic strategy for metastatic LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohuang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (M.G.); (T.L.); (K.H.); (S.C.); (S.W.); (D.G.); (Z.L.)
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11
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Batistella EA, Miguel AFP, Nascimento NL, Horta MCR, Vieira DSC, Rivero ERC. Microvascular density analysis and histological parameters of oral cancer progression. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2110-2121. [PMID: 37486622 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the role of blood and lymphatic microvascular density in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample was composed of 54 cases of OSCC. The immunoexpression to anti-alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and to anti-endoglin (CD105) was used to determine the microvessel density (MVD); anti-podoplanin (D2-40) was used to assess the lymphatic vessel density (LVD); vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was evaluated in malignant cells. The histological differentiation, the worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), tumour thickness and tumour budding (TB) intensity were assessed using haematoxylin-eosin and anti-pan-cytokeratin (AE1/AE3). Patients' age and sex, TNM classification and follow-up time were collected from the medical records. RESULTS MVD markers presented a similar pattern of expression in blood vessels. However, only α-SMA + MVD was significantly higher among women and in tumours ≤4 cm. LVD was lower in tumours with lymph node metastasis. Regarding the histological parameters, high TB intensity was associated with histological differentiation, advanced clinical stage, greater tumour thickness and reduced disease-free survival. No difference was found in VEGF. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in OSCC LVD could be related to pathological node involvement, whereas high TB intensity could indicate OSCC progression and worse patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis Angela Batistella
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Andressa Fernanda Paza Miguel
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nicole Lonni Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta
- Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Section, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniella Serafin Couto Vieira
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Elena Riet Correa Rivero
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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12
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Oshin M, Kulkarni PG, D SPR, Deepthi G, S KS, S JK. Salivary and Serum Interleukin-6: A Credible Marker for Predicting Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Cureus 2024; 16:e59113. [PMID: 38803729 PMCID: PMC11128725 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent subtype of oral cancer. Detecting oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) in their early stages is crucial to prevent their advancement into OSCC. One of the primary factors contributing to OSCC is tobacco use, which can lead to increased production of cytokines. Among these cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), an immune molecule involved in inflammation, may serve as a valuable indicator for assessing the progression of OPMDs and OSCCs. AIMS The aim of this study is to assess the levels of IL6 in both serum and saliva using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique and to determine the prognostic value of these measurements in individuals with oral leukoplakia and OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research involved 45 participants, who were categorized into three groups: OSCC (15), leukoplakia (15), and a control group consisting of healthy individuals (15). Saliva and serum samples were collected from each individual within all three groups and analyzed using the ELISA method. Subsequently, the gathered data underwent statistical analysis for evaluation. RESULTS There were elevated levels of IL-6 in both saliva and serum among individuals with OSCC in comparison to those with leukoplakia and the healthy control group, and this difference was statistically significant. The analysis of ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves demonstrated that salivary IL-6 was a more effective indicator than serum IL-6 for detecting the advancement of OSCC. As the histological grade of differentiation increased in both OSCC and leukoplakia cases, there was a corresponding rise in salivary IL-6 levels. CONCLUSION Both salivary and serum IL-6 levels have the potential to serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers for oral leukoplakia and OSCC which shows possible involvement of IL-6 in the development and progression of these conditions. Salivary IL-6 is a superior prognostic marker compared to serum IL-6 due to its non-invasive nature which makes it a useful tool for mass screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Oshin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, IND
| | - Pavan G Kulkarni
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, IND
| | - Shyam Prasad Reddy D
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, IND
| | - G Deepthi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, IND
| | - Keerthi Sai S
- Department of Oral Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, IND
| | - Jishnu K S
- Department of Computing Technologies, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, IND
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13
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Hanroongsri J, Amornphimoltham P, Younis RH, Chaisuparat R. Expression of PD-L1 and p-RPS6 in epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1337582. [PMID: 38370876 PMCID: PMC10869481 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1337582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often preceded by oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). The role of ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the progression of OED to OSCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of phosphorylated RPS6 (p-RPS6) and PD-L1 in OSCC and OED and to examine its relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods Fifty-two OSCC and 48 OED cases were recruited for immunohistochemical analysis of p-RPS6 and PD-L1 expression. The expression of markers was correlated with clinicopathological features of OSCC and OED. Results We found p-RPS6 expression in all cases of OSCC and OED, whereas PD-L1 was expressed in 42/48 (87%) OED and in 28/52 (53%) OSCC. The patients with mild OED presented higher expression level of PD-L1 and p-RPS6 significantly, when compared to moderate-differentiated OSCC patients (p < 0.05). Moreover, we found a significant positive correlation between PD-L1 and p-RPS6 expression in OED and OSCC patients (p < 0.01). The PD-L1 expression was significantly related to more than 2 cm tumor size in OSCC patients (p = 0.007). Discussion Our findings suggest the upregulation of PD-L1 may be related with activation of the mTOR pathway in the early events of tumor progression and the pathogenesis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaruwat Hanroongsri
- Division of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Rania H. Younis
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Risa Chaisuparat
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Heath and Healthy Longevity, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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14
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Barbosa S, Laureano NK, Hadiwikarta WW, Visioli F, Bonrouhi M, Pajdzik K, Conde-Lopez C, Herold-Mende C, Eidt G, Langie R, Lamers ML, Stögbauer F, Hess J, Kurth I, Jou A. The Role of SOX2 and SOX9 in Radioresistance and Tumor Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:439. [PMID: 38275880 PMCID: PMC10814462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits considerable variability in patient outcome. It has been reported that SOX2 plays a role in proliferation, tumor growth, drug resistance, and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. Additionally, SOX9 has been implicated in immune tolerance and treatment failures. SOX2 and SOX9 induce treatment failure by a molecular mechanism that has not yet been elucidated. This study explores the inverse association of SOX2/SOX9 and their distinct expression in tumors, influencing the tumor microenvironment and radiotherapy responses. Through public RNA sequencing data, human biopsy samples, and knockdown cellular models, we explored the effects of inverted SOX2 and SOX9 expression. We found that patients expressing SOX2LowSOX9High showed decreased survival compared to SOX2HighSOX9Low. A survival analysis of patients stratified by radiotherapy and human papillomavirus brings additional clinical relevance. We identified a gene set signature comprising newly discovered candidate genes resulting from inverted SOX2/SOX9 expression. Moreover, the TGF-β pathway emerges as a significant predicted contributor to the overexpression of these candidate genes. In vitro findings reveal that silencing SOX2 enhances tumor radioresistance, while SOX9 silencing enhances radiosensitivity. These discoveries lay the groundwork for further studies on the therapeutic potential of transcription factors in optimizing HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Barbosa
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Koerich Laureano
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-004, RS, Brazil
| | - Wahyu Wijaya Hadiwikarta
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-004, RS, Brazil
| | - Mahnaz Bonrouhi
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kinga Pajdzik
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Conde-Lopez
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Eidt
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renan Langie
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-004, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabian Stögbauer
- Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Germany and Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Kurth
- Division of Radiooncology/Radiobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adriana Jou
- Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Pontifícial Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
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15
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Azhamuthu T, Kathiresan S, Senkuttuvan I, Abulkalam Asath NA, Ravichandran P. Usnic acid attenuates 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinogenesis through inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell proliferation in male golden Syrian hamster model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23553. [PMID: 37840363 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive efficacy of usnic acid (UA), an effective secondary metabolite component of lichens, against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the hamster model. Initially, the buccal pouch carcinogenesis was induced by administering 0.5% DMBA to the HBP (hamster buccal pouch) region about three times a week until the 10th week. Then, UA was orally treated with different concentrations (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt) on alternative days of DMBA exposure, and the experimental process ended in the 16th week. After animal experimentation, we observed 100% tumor incidence with well-differentiated OSCC, dysplasia, and hyperplasia lesions in the DMBA-induced HBP region. Furthermore, the UA treatment of DMBA-induced hamster effectively inhibited tumor growth. In addition, UA upregulated antioxidant levels, interfered with the elevated lipid peroxidation by-product of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and changed the activities of the liver detoxification enzyme (Phase I and II) in DMBA-induced hamsters. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of inflammatory markers (iNOS and COX-2) and proliferative cell markers (cyclin-D1 and PCNA) were upregulated in the buccal pouch part of hamster animals induced with DMBA. Notably, the oral administration of UA significantly suppressed these markers during DMBA-induced hamsters. Collectively, our findings revealed that UA exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and apoptosis-inducing characteristics, demonstrating UA's protective properties against DMBA-induced HBP carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerthu Azhamuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Kathiresan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ilanchitchenni Senkuttuvan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nihal Ahamed Abulkalam Asath
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pugazhendhi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Gulia S, Chandra P, Das A. The Prognosis of Cancer Depends on the Interplay of Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Anoikis within the Tumor Microenvironment. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:621-658. [PMID: 37787970 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, the fight between the immune system and cancer influences tumor transformation. Metastasis formation is an important stage in the progression of cancer. This process is aided by cellular detachment and resistance to anoikis, which are achieved by altering intercellular signaling. Autophagy, specifically pro-survival autophagy, aids cancer cells in developing treatment resistance. Numerous studies have shown that autophagy promotes tumor growth and resistance to anoikis. To regulate protective autophagy, cancer-related genes phosphorylate both pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Apoptosis, a type of controlled cell death, eliminates damaged or unwanted cells. Anoikis is a type of programmed cell death in which cells lose contact with the extracellular matrix. The dysregulation of these cellular pathways promotes tumor growth and spread. Apoptosis, anoikis, and autophagy interact meticulously and differently depending on the cellular circumstances. For instance, autophagy can protect cancer cells from apoptosis by removing cellular components that are damaged and might otherwise trigger apoptotic pathways. Similarly, anoikis dysregulation can trigger autophagy by causing cellular harm and metabolic stress. In order to prevent or treat metastatic disease, specifically, targeting these cellular mechanisms may present a promising prospect for cancer therapy. This review discourses the state of our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor transformation and the establishment of metastatic tumors. To enhance the prognosis for cancer, we highlight and discuss potential therapeutic approaches that target these processes and genes involved in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gulia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Prakash Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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17
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Lin Q, Li C, Lin X, Lin S, Chen W, Chen X, Huang X, Wang D. Prognostic Value of Controlling Nutritional Status Score in Advanced Hypopharyngeal Cancer. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2613-2620. [PMID: 36651579 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the preoperative controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in patients with resectable advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. METHODS This retrospective study included 113 advanced hypopharyngeal cancer patients who underwent curative resection in our hospital from 2013 to 2017. The association between the CONUT score and clinicopathological variables was evaluated. The association between CONUT score and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression. The efficacy of the CONUT score and other immune-nutritional markers to predict prognosis was compared using a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC). RESULTS Patients were divided into the high-CONUT score group (≥3) and the low-CONUT score group (≤2) according to ROC analysis. The CONUT score was associated with body mass index (p = 0.047), monocyte (p = 0.021), pharyngocutaneous fistula (p = 0.045), flap repairment (p = 0.034), tumor (T) classification (p = 0.034), node (N) classification (p = 0.036), subsite of tumor (p = 0.035), and negative pathologic factors (p < 0.001). Tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage, negative pathologic factors, adjuvant radiotherapy, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, and CONUT score were independent prognostic factors for survival. Patients with a higher CONUT score had worse overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio: 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-5.29, p = 0.002) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.28-4.91, p = 0.007). The area under the curve of the CONUT score (0.799) to predict 5-year OS was greater than those of Preoperative Nutritional Index (0.769), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.643), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.565), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (0.577). CONCLUSION The CONUT score is a prognostic marker for patients with resectable advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 133:2613-2620, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuchun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Desheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Eichberger J, Froschhammer D, Schulz D, Scholz KJ, Federlin M, Ebensberger H, Reichert TE, Ettl T, Bauer RJ. BMSC-HNC Interaction: Exploring Effects on Bone Integrity and Head and Neck Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14417. [PMID: 37833873 PMCID: PMC10573008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent research, the tumor microenvironment has been shown to attract mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which is of particular interest due to its implications for cancer progression. The study focused on understanding the interaction between bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and head and neck cancer (HNC) cells. This interaction was found to activate specific markers, notably the osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase and the oncogene Runx2. These activations corresponded with the release of collagenase enzymes, MMP9 and MMP2. To gain insights into bone resorption related to this interaction, bovine bone slices were used, supporting the growth of "heterogeneous spheroids" that contained both BMSCs and HNC cells. Through scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, it was observed that these mixed spheroids were linked to a notable increase in bone degradation and collagen fiber exposure, more so than spheroids of just BMSCs or HNC cells. Furthermore, the EDX results highlighted increased nitrogen content on bone surfaces with these mixed clusters. Overall, the findings underscore the significant role of BMSCs in tumor growth, emphasizing the need for further exploration in potential cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eichberger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
| | - Daniel Froschhammer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schulz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin J. Scholz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.J.S.); (M.F.); (H.E.)
| | - Marianne Federlin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.J.S.); (M.F.); (H.E.)
| | - Helga Ebensberger
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (K.J.S.); (M.F.); (H.E.)
| | - Torsten E. Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
| | - Tobias Ettl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
| | - Richard J. Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.E.); (D.F.); (D.S.); (T.E.R.); (T.E.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Mogoantă CA, Ciolofan MS, Istrate-Ofițeru AM, Mogoantă SȘ, Roșu GC, Anghelina F, Căpitanescu AN, Opriscan IC, Ionovici N, Mitroi MR, Badea O, Iovănescu G. HPV and Other Risk Factors Involved in Pharyngeal Neoplasm-Clinical and Morphopathological Correlations in the Southwestern Region of Romania. Pathogens 2023; 12:984. [PMID: 37623944 PMCID: PMC10458356 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12080984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) development is strongly associated with risk factors like smoking, chronic alcohol consumption, and the living environment, but also chronic human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which can trigger cascade cellular changes leading to a neoplastic transformation. The prevalence of these factors differs among different world regions, and the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of OPSCC are highly dependent on them. We performed a retrospective study on 406 patients diagnosed with OPSCC in our region that were classified according to the tumor type, localization and diagnosis stage, demographic characteristics, risk factors, and histological and immunohistochemical features. We found that most of the patients were men from urban areas with a smoking habit, while most of the women in our study were diagnosed with tonsillar OPSCC and had a history of chronic alcoholism. During the immunohistochemical study, we analyzed the tumor immunoreactivity against anti-p16 and anti-HPV antibodies as markers of HPV involvement in tumor progression, as well as the correlation with the percentage of intratumoral nuclei immunomarked with the anti-Ki 67 antibody in serial samples. We observed that the percentage of Ki67-positive nuclei increased proportionally with the presence of intratumoral HPV; thus, active HPV infection leads to an increase in the rate of tumor progression. Our results support the implementation of strategies for OPSCC prevention and early diagnosis and can be a starting point for future studies aiming at adapting surgical and oncological treatment according to the HPV stage for better therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Aurelia Mogoantă
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.A.M.); (M.S.C.); (F.A.); (A.-N.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Mircea Sorin Ciolofan
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.A.M.); (M.S.C.); (F.A.); (A.-N.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | | | | | - Gabriela-Camelia Roșu
- Histology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Florin Anghelina
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.A.M.); (M.S.C.); (F.A.); (A.-N.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Alina-Nicoleta Căpitanescu
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.A.M.); (M.S.C.); (F.A.); (A.-N.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | | | - Nina Ionovici
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Roxana Mitroi
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (C.A.M.); (M.S.C.); (F.A.); (A.-N.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Oana Badea
- Department of Modern Languages, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Gheorghe Iovănescu
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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20
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Gong Q, Li H, Song J, Lin C. LncRNA LINC01569 promotes M2 macrophage polarization to accelerate hypopharyngeal carcinoma progression through the miR-193a-5p/FADS1 signaling axis. J Cancer 2023; 14:1673-1688. [PMID: 37325064 PMCID: PMC10266250 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01569 plays an important role in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and macrophage polarization. However, whether it participates in the progression of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating the TME remains unclear. Methods: An online database was used to analyze clinical data. Macrophage polarization was detected using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. In vivo experiments were performed using tumor-bearing nude mice. A co-culture system of hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells and macrophages was used to explore the interactions between the two cell types. Results: LINC01569 enhancement was observed in hypopharyngeal carcinoma tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In IL4-induced M2 macrophages, the expression of LINC01569 increased, while LINC01569 expression declined significantly in LPS-induced M1 macrophages. SiRNA-mediated downregulation of LINC01569 inhibits IL4-induced M2 macrophage polarization. Using online databases and a dual-luciferase reporter, miR-193a-5p was confirmed as a potential downstream sponge of LINC01569. MiR-193a-5p expression decreased in IL4-mediated M2 macrophages, which was restored by LINC01569 downregulation. Additionally, LINC01569 inhibition-mediated blocking of M2 macrophage polarization was moderately abolished by transfection with the miR-193a-5p inhibitor. Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) was verified as a downstream target of miR-193a-5p, and LINC01569 downregulation-mediated inhibition of FADS1 was blocked by miR-193a-5p mimics. Importantly, LINC01569 downregulation-mediated decline in M2 macrophage polarization was abolished by miR-193a-5p mimics, which was further reversed by FADS1 knockdown. Implantation of a mixture of FaDu cells and IL4-induced macrophages promoted tumor growth and proliferation, which were abrogated by the knockdown of LINC01569 in macrophages. Using an in co-culture system of FaDu cells and macrophages in vitro, M2 macrophage-regulated cell growth and apoptosis of FaDu cells were found to be mediated by the LINC01569/miR-193a-5p signaling axis. Conclusion: LINC01569 is highly expressed in the TAMs of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. LINC01569 downregulation restrains macrophages from polarizing toward M2 through the miR-193a-5p/FADS1 signaling axis, thereby helping tumor cells escape inherent immune surveillance and promoting the occurrence and development of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Head and neck surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huaying Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology. Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Department, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jintian Song
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chang Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, Fujian Province, China
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21
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Prieto-Fernández L, Montoro-Jiménez I, de Luxan-Delgado B, Otero-Rosales M, Rodrigo JP, Calvo F, García-Pedrero JM, Álvarez-Teijeiro S. Dissecting the functions of cancer-associated fibroblasts to therapeutically target head and neck cancer microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114502. [PMID: 37002578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a diverse group of aggressive malignancies with high morbidity and mortality, leading to almost half-million deaths annually worldwide. A better understanding of the molecular processes governing tumor formation and progression is crucial to improve current diagnostic and prognostic tools as well as to develop more personalized treatment strategies. Tumors are highly complex and heterogeneous structures in which growth and dissemination is not only governed by the cancer cells intrinsic mechanisms, but also by the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerge as predominant TME components and key players in the generation of permissive conditions that ultimately impact in tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. Although CAFs were initially considered a consequence of tumor development, it is now well established that they actively contribute to numerous cancer hallmarks i.e., tumor cell growth, migration and invasion, cancer cell stemness, angiogenesis, metabolic reprograming, inflammation, and immune system modulation. In this scenario, therapeutic strategies targeting CAF functions could potentially have a major impact in cancer therapeutics, providing avenues for new treatment options or for improving efficacy in established approaches. This review is focused on thoroughly dissecting existing evidences supporting the contribution of CAFs in HNC biology with an emphasis on current knowledge of the key molecules and pathways involved in CAF-tumor crosstalk, and their potential as novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to effectively interfere the tumor-stroma crosstalk for HNC patients benefit. involved in CAF-tumor crosstalk, and their potential as novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to effec- tively interfere the tumor-stroma crosstalk for HNC patients benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llara Prieto-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Montoro-Jiménez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Luxan-Delgado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Otero-Rosales
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Horozoglu C, Bal G, Kabadayı B, Hakan MT, Sönmez D, Nacarkahya G, Verim A, Yaylım İ. lncRNA NORAD, soluble ICAM1 and their correlations may be related to the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154494. [PMID: 37172522 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
NORAD, non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage, is a Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcript that modulates genome stability and has been reported to be dysregulated in different cancers. Although it has been reported to be upregulated in tumor cells mostly for solid organ cancers, it has also been reported to be downregulated in some cancers. Although the pathophysiological mechanism is not fully understood, a negative correlation between NORAD and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been shown in experimental models, but this situation has not been evaluated in terms of cancer. We aimed to evaluate the potential roles of these two biomarker candidates together and separately in the clinicopathological axis in Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in a case-control study setting. The interactions of NORAD and ICAM1 at the RNA level were evaluated interactively by the RIblast program. sICAM1 (soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1) levels were determined by ELISA in one hundred and five individuals (forty-four LSCC, sixty-one control) and lncRNA NORAD expression in eighty-eight tissues (forty-four LSCC tumors, forty-four tumor-free surrounding tissues) was determined by Real-time PCR. While the energy treesholud was - 16 kcal/mol between NORAD and ICAM1, the total energy was 176.33 kcal/mol, and 9 base pair pairings from 4 critical points were detected. NORAD expression level was found to be higher in tumor surrounding tissue compared to tumor tissue, and sICAM1 was higher in the control group compared to LSCC (p = 0.004; p = 0.02). NORAD discreminte tumor surrounding tissue from tumor (AUC: 0.674; optimal sensitivity:87.50%; optimal specificity 54.55%; cut-off point as >1.58 fold change; P = 0.034). The sICAM1 level was found to be higher in the control (494,814 ± 93.64 ng/L) than LSCC (432.95 ± 93.64 ng/L) (p = 0.02). sICAM1 discreminte control group from LSCC (AUC: 0.624; optimal sensitivity 68,85%; optimal specificity 61,36%; cut-off point ≤115,0 ng/L; (p = 0.033). A very strong negative correlation was found between NORAD expression and patients' sICAM1 levels (r = -.967; n = 44; p = 0.033). sICAM1 levels were found to be 1.63 times higher in NORAD downregulated subjects compared to upregulated ones (p = 0.031). NORAD was 3.63 times higher in those with alcohol use, and sICAM 1 was 5.77 times higher in those without distant organ metastasis (p = 0.043; 0.004). The increased NORAD expression in the tumor microenvironment in LSCC, the activation of T cells via TCR signaling, and the decrease of sICAM in the control group in correlation with NORAD suggests that ICAM1 may be needed as a membrane protein in the tumor microenvironment. NORAD and ICAM1 may be functionally related to tumor microenvironment and immune control in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Horozoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Görkem Bal
- Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Tolgahan Hakan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Sönmez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulper Nacarkahya
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Verim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhan Yaylım
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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23
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Chou CW, Lin CR, Chung YT, Tang CS. Epidemiology of Oral Cancer in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072175. [PMID: 37046836 PMCID: PMC10092957 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and its incidence has regional differences. In this study, the cancer registry database obtained from 1980 to 2019 was used to analyze the characteristic of incidence of OC by average annual percentage change (AAPC) and an age–period–cohort model. Spearman’s correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the age-standard incidence rates (ASR) of OC and related risk factors. Our results showed that the ASR of OC increased from 4.19 to 27.19 per 100,000 population with an AAPC of 5.1% (95% CI = 3.9–6.3, p value < 0.001) in men and from 1.16 to 2.8 per 100,000 population with an AAPC of 3.1% (95% CI = 2.6–3.6, p value < 0.001) in women between 1980–1984 and 2015–2019. The age–period–cohort model reported a trend of rising then declining for the rate ratio in men, with peaks occurring in the 1975 cohort, with a rate ratio of 6.80. The trend of incidence of oral cancer was related to changes in the consumption of cigarettes and alcohol and production of betel quid, with r values of 0.952, 0.979 and 0.963, respectively (all p values < 0.001). We strongly suggest avoiding these risk factors in order to prevent OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wei Chou
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ru Lin
- Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chung
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sheng Tang
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
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24
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do Valle IB, Oliveira SR, da Silva JM, Peterle GT, Có ACG, Sousa-Neto SS, Mendonça EF, de Arruda JAA, Gomes NA, da Silva G, Leopoldino AM, Macari S, Birbrair A, von Zeidler SV, Diniz IMA, Silva TA. The participation of tumor residing pericytes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5460. [PMID: 37015965 PMCID: PMC10073133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericytes are perivascular cells related to vessel structure and angiogenesis that can interact with neoplastic cells, interfering with cancer progression and outcomes. This study focused on the characterization of pericytes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using clinical samples and a transgenic mouse model of oral carcinogenesis. Nestin-/NG2+ (type-1) and nestin+/NG2+ (type-2) pericytes were analyzed by direct fluorescence after induction of oral carcinogenesis (4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide). Gene expression of neuron glial antigen-2 (NG2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β), and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) was examined in human OSCC tissues. The protein expression of von Willebrand factor and NG2 was assessed in oral leukoplakia (i.e., oral potentially malignant disorders) and OSCC samples. Additionally, clinicopathological aspects and survival data were correlated and validated by bioinformatics using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Induction of carcinogenesis in mice produced an increase in both NG2+ pericyte subsets. In human OSCC, advanced-stage tumors showed a significant reduction in CD31 mRNA and von Willebrand factor-positive vessels. Low PDGFR-β expression was related to a shorter disease-free survival time, while NG2 mRNA overexpression was associated with a reduction in overall survival, consistent with the TCGA data. Herein, oral carcinogenesis resulted in an increase in NG2+ pericytes, which negatively affected survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bittencourt do Valle
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3105, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Sicília Rezende Oliveira
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3105, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Janine Mayra da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3105, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tonini Peterle
- Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Anna Clara Gregório Có
- Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Silvério Sousa-Neto
- Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Elismauro Francisco Mendonça
- Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3105, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Natália Aparecida Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Leopoldino
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sandra Ventorin von Zeidler
- Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3105, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP: 31.270-901, Brazil.
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Jiang C, Feng D, Zhang Y, Yang K, Hu X, Xie Q. SCAT8/miR-125b-5p axis triggers malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through SCARB1. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:15. [PMID: 37009875 PMCID: PMC10069050 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a tumor with high malignancy and poor prognosis, which severely affects the health of the patients. LncRNAs and microRNAs are crucial for the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which regulate the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the ceRNA network. SCARB1 plays an essential role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of SCARB1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through non-coding RNAs remains unclear. Our findings indicated that the SCAT8/miR-125b-5p axis promoted the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by driving the expression of SCARB1. Mechanistically, the expression of SCARB1 could be regulated by the lncRNA, SCAT8 and the microRNA, miR-125b-5p. Moreover, as a ceRNA of miR-125b-5p, SCAT8 can not only regulate the expression of SCARB1, but also regulate the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Notably, our results reveal a novel ceRNA regulatory network in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmao Jiang
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Cannabinoids Transmogrify Cancer Metabolic Phenotype via Epigenetic Reprogramming and a Novel CBD Biased G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Platform. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041030. [PMID: 36831374 PMCID: PMC9954791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of epigenetic reprogramming predicts long-term functional health effects. This reprogramming can be activated by exogenous or endogenous insults, leading to altered healthy and different disease states. The exogenous or endogenous changes that involve developing a roadmap of epigenetic networking, such as drug components on epigenetic imprinting and restoring epigenome patterns laid down during embryonic development, are paramount to establishing youthful cell type and health. This epigenetic landscape is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. The initiation and progression of cancer are considered to involve epigenetic abnormalities and genetic alterations. Cancer epigenetics have shown extensive reprogramming of every component of the epigenetic machinery in cancer development, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, non-coding RNAs, and microRNA expression. Endocannabinoids are natural lipid molecules whose levels are regulated by specific biosynthetic and degradative enzymes. They bind to and activate two primary cannabinoid receptors, type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2), and together with their metabolizing enzymes, form the endocannabinoid system. This review focuses on the role of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 signaling in activating numerous receptor tyrosine kinases and Toll-like receptors in the induction of epigenetic landscape alterations in cancer cells, which might transmogrify cancer metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming to a metastatic phenotype. Strategies applied from conception could represent an innovative epigenetic target for preventing and treating human cancer. Here, we describe novel cannabinoid-biased G protein-coupled receptor signaling platforms (GPCR), highlighting putative future perspectives in this field.
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Prieto-Fernandez L, Villaronga MDLA, Hermida-Prado F, Hijazi M, Montoro-Jimenez I, Pevida M, Llames S, Rodrigo JP, Cutillas P, Calvo F, Garcia-Pedrero JM, Alvarez-Teijeiro S. Driving role of head and neck cancer cell secretome on the invasion of stromal fibroblasts: Mechanistic insights by phosphoproteomics. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114176. [PMID: 36916400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major players in tumor-stroma communication, and participate in several cancer hallmarks to drive tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. This study investigates the driving effects of tumor-secreted factors on CAF biology, with the ultimate goal of identifying effective therapeutic targets/strategies for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). METHODS Functionally, conditioned media (CM) from different HNSCC-derived cell lines and normal keratinocytes (Kc) were tested on the growth and invasion of populations of primary CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) using 3D invasion assays in collagen matrices. The changes in MMPs expression were evaluated by RT-qPCR and kinase enrichment was analyzed using mass spectrometry phosphoproteomics. RESULTS Our results consistently demonstrate that HNSCC-secreted factors (but not Kc CM) specifically and robustly promoted pro-invasive properties in both CAFs and NFs, thereby reflecting the plasticity of fibroblast subtypes. Concomitantly, HNSCC-secreted factors massively increased metalloproteinases levels in CAFs and NFs. By contrast, HNSCC CM and Kc CM exhibited comparable growth-promoting effects on stromal fibroblasts. Mechanistically, phosphoproteomic analysis predominantly revealed phosphorylation changes in fibroblasts upon treatment with HNSCC CM, and various promising kinases were identified: MKK7, MKK4, ASK1, RAF1, BRAF, ARAF, COT, PDK1, RSK2 and AKT1. Interestingly, pharmacologic inhibition of RAF1/BRAF using sorafenib emerged as the most effective drug to block tumor-promoted fibroblast invasion without affecting fibroblast viability CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that HNSCC-secreted factors specifically fine tune the invasive potential of stromal fibroblasts, thereby generating tumor-driven pro-invasive niches, which in turn to ultimately facilitate cancer cell dissemination. Furthermore, the RAF/BRAF inhibitor sorafenib was identified as a promising candidate to effectively target the onset of pro-invasive clusters of stromal fibroblasts in the HNSCC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llara Prieto-Fernandez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria de Los Angeles Villaronga
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maruan Hijazi
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Montoro-Jimenez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pevida
- Tissue engineering unit, Centro Comunitario Sangre y Tejidos de Asturias (CCST), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Llames
- Tissue engineering unit, Centro Comunitario Sangre y Tejidos de Asturias (CCST), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Cutillas
- Cell Signalling & Proteomics Group, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom; Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Juana Maria Garcia-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Saul Alvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Opposing MMP-9 Expression in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Head and Neck Tumor Cells after Direct 2D and 3D Co-Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021293. [PMID: 36674806 PMCID: PMC9861345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) respond to a variety of tumor cell-derived signals, such as inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. As a result, the inflammatory tumor microenvironment may lead to the recruitment of BMSCs. Whether BMSCs in the tumor environment are more likely to promote tumor growth or tumor suppression is still controversial. In our experiments, direct 3D co-culture of BMSCs with tumor cells from the head and neck region (HNSCC) results in strong expression and secretion of MMP-9. The observed MMP-9 secretion mainly originates from BMSCs, leading to increased invasiveness. In addition to our in vitro data, we show in vivo data based on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Our results demonstrate that MMP-9 induces hemorrhage and increased perfusion in BMSC/HNSCC co-culture. While we had previously outlined that MMP-9 expression and secretion originate from BMSCs, our data showed a strong downregulation of MMP-9 promoter activity in HNSCC cells upon direct contact with BMSCs using the luciferase activity assay. Interestingly, the 2D and 3D models of direct co-culture suggest different drivers for the downregulation of MMP-9 promoter activity. Whereas the 3D model depicts a BMSC-dependent downregulation, the 2D model shows cell density-dependent downregulation. In summary, our data suggest that the direct interaction of HNSCC cells and BMSCs promotes tumor progression by significantly facilitating angiogenesis via MMP-9 expression. On the other hand, data from 3D and 2D co-culture models indicate opposing regulation of the MMP-9 promoter in tumor cells once stromal cells are involved.
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de Godoy LL, Chen YJ, Chawla S, Viaene AN, Wang S, Loevner LA, Alonso-Basanta M, Poptani H, Mohan S. Prognostication of overall survival in patients with brain metastases using diffusion tensor imaging and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20220516. [PMID: 36354164 PMCID: PMC9733614 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20220516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prognostic utility of DTI and DSC-PWI perfusion-derived parameters in brain metastases patients. METHODS Retrospective analyses of DTI-derived parameters (MD, FA, CL, CP, and CS) and DSC-perfusion PWI-derived rCBVmax from 101 patients diagnosed with brain metastases prior to treatment were performed. Using semi-automated segmentation, DTI metrics and rCBVmax were quantified from enhancing areas of the dominant metastatic lesion. For each metric, patients were classified as short- and long-term survivors based on analysis of the best coefficient for each parameter and percentile to separate the groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare mOS between these groups. Multivariate survival analysis was subsequently conducted. A correlative histopathologic analysis was performed in a subcohort (n = 10) with DTI metrics and rCBVmax on opposite ends of the spectrum. RESULTS Significant differences in mOS were observed for MDmin (p < 0.05), FA (p < 0.01), CL (p < 0.05), and CP (p < 0.01) and trend toward significance for rCBVmax (p = 0.07) between the two risk groups, in the univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, the best predictive survival model was comprised of MDmin (p = 0.05), rCBVmax (p < 0.05), RPA (p < 0.0001), and number of lesions (p = 0.07). On histopathology, metastatic tumors showed significant differences in the amount of stroma depending on the combination of DTI metrics and rCBVmax values. Patients with high stromal content demonstrated poorer mOS. CONCLUSION Pretreatment DTI-derived parameters, notably MDmin and rCBVmax, are promising imaging markers for prognostication of OS in patients with brain metastases. Stromal cellularity may be a contributing factor to these differences. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The correlation of DTI-derived metrics and perfusion MRI with patient outcomes has not been investigated in patients with treatment naïve brain metastasis. DTI and DSC-PWI can aid in therapeutic decision-making by providing additional clinical guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiz Laura de Godoy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Yin Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Sanjeev Chawla
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Angela N Viaene
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Sumei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Laurie A Loevner
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Michelle Alonso-Basanta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Harish Poptani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Suyash Mohan
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
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Su CC, Lin JW, Chang KY, Wu CT, Liu SH, Chang KC, Liu JM, Lee KI, Fang KM, Chen YW. Involvement of AMPKα and MAPK-ERK/-JNK Signals in Docetaxel-Induced Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213857. [PMID: 36430348 PMCID: PMC9696237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the oral cavity can develop in the anatomic area extending from the lip, gum, tongue, mouth, and to the palate. Histologically, about 85-90% of oral cavity cancers are of the type squamous cells carcinomas (SCCs). The incidence of oral tongue SCC is higher in the tongue than any other anatomic area of the oral cavity. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of docetaxel, which is a paclitaxel antitumor agent, on the cell growth of a human tongue SCC-derived SAS cell line. The results showed that docetaxel (10-300 nM) induced cytotoxicity and caspase-3 activity in SAS cells. Moreover, docetaxel (100 nM) promoted the expression of apoptosis-related signaling molecules, including the cleavages of caspase-3, caspase-7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In mitochondria, docetaxel (100 nM) decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression and increased cytosolic cytochrome c protein expression and Bax mRNA and protein expression. In terms of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, docetaxel increased the expression of phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p-AMPKα protein expression but not p-p38 protein expression. Moreover, the increase in caspase-3/-7 activity and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression and MMP depolarization observed in docetaxel-treated SAS cells could be reversed by treatment with either SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor), PD98059 (an MEK1/2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2) inhibitor), or compound c (an AMPK inhibitor). The docetaxel-induced increases in p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-AMPKα protein expression could also be reversed by treatment with either SP600125, PD98059, or compound c. These results indicate that docetaxel induces human tongue SCC cell apoptosis via interdependent MAPK-JNK, MAPK-ERK1/2, and AMPKα signaling pathways. Our results show that docetaxel could possibly exert a potent pharmacological effect on human oral tongue SCC cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
| | - Jhe-Wei Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yao Chang
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tien Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-I Lee
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-M.F.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-M.F.); (Y.-W.C.)
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Ke J, Jia L, Hu Y, Jiang X, Mo H, An X, Yuan W. Clinical and experimental study of a terahertz time-domain system for the determination of the pathological margins of laryngeal carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:339. [PMID: 36224600 PMCID: PMC9554976 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02788-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Laryngeal cancer is a common malignancy in otorhinolaryngological head and neck surgery, accounting for approximately one-third of all head and neck malignancies. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has recently been found to be useful for the detection of tumors. This study was conducted to investigate the application of THz-TDS in the diagnosis of pathological resection margins of laryngeal cancer. Methods Fresh laryngeal cancer tissues from 10 patients with laryngeal cancer were extracted, and after simultaneous HE staining and terahertz imaging, the tumor area, paracancerous area, and normal tissue area of each laryngeal cancer tissue sample were located under a microscope according to the pathological results of HE staining. Results The shape contours of the tumor region revealed by terahertz imaging maps and HE staining were similar. In the terahertz spectrum in the frequency range of 0.5–1.9 THz, both the absorption coefficient and refractive index values followed the order tumor > para cancer > normal tissue, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). When the terahertz frequency was 1.5 THz, the absorption coefficient of terahertz light waves by laryngeal cancer tissue and the percentage of nuclei showed an extremely high positive correlation (P < 0.01, r = 0.971). In the frequency ranges of 0.5–1.2 THz and 1.6–1.9 THz, the absorption coefficients of the highly differentiated group were higher than those of the moderately differentiated group. In the frequency range of 1.2–1.6 THz, the results were reversed, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). In the frequency range of 0.5–1.9 THz, the highly differentiated group had a higher refractive index than the moderately differentiated group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions THz-TDS can be used to determine the pathological margins of laryngeal cancer based on the absorption coefficient and refractive index, and the magnitudes of the absorption coefficient and refractive index are related to the percentage of nuclei. The degree of differentiation of laryngeal cancer tissue can be assessed by THz-TDS. The study shows that the terahertz time-domain system is promising for applications in the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, especially for the more accurate identification of intraoperative margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ke
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lifeng Jia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailan Mo
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Hospital, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, China. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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Ettl T, Grube M, Schulz D, Bauer RJ. Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: Clinical Benefits for Head and Neck Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4985. [PMID: 36291769 PMCID: PMC9599671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, considerable progress has been achieved in cancer immunotherapy. Targeted immune checkpoint therapies have been established for several forms of cancers, which resulted in a tremendous positive impact on patient survival, even in more advanced tumor stages. With a better understanding of cellular responses to immune checkpoint therapies, it will soon be feasible to find targeted compounds which will make personalized medicine practicable. This is a great opportunity, but it also sets tremendous challenges on both the scientific and clinical aspects. Head and neck tumors evade immune surveillance through various mechanisms. They contain fewer lymphocytes (natural killer cells) than normal tissue with an accumulation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells. Standard therapies for HNSCC, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, are becoming more advantageous by targeting immune checkpoints and employing combination therapies. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the expanded therapeutic options, particularly the combination of immune checkpoint inhibition with various conventional and novel therapeutics for head and neck tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ettl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Grube
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schulz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Richard Josef Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Berndt A, Gaßler N, Franz M. Invasion-Associated Reorganization of Laminin 332 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: The Role of the Laminin γ2 Chain in Tumor Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194903. [PMID: 36230826 PMCID: PMC9564360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The destructive growth of carcinomas is associated with crossing the border between the epithelial and the connective tissue parts of an organ. One component of this borderline, the basement membrane, is the heterotrimeric laminin 332, which mediates the adhesion of basal epithelial cells. This protein, in particular its gamma 2 chain, is fundamentally reorganized during tumor cell invasion. Specific deposition patterns of laminin 332 are also present in oral squamous cell carcinomas and have been shown to be of high diagnostic and predictive value. Furthermore, laminin 332 restructuring is associated with important tumor biological processes, e.g., stromal activation, the development of a motile phenotype, and tumor spreading. In this review, current knowledge in the field is summarized and the recommendation to consider laminin 332 as a promising grading and monitoring parameter and as a potential therapeutic target is discussed. Abstract Invasion of the connective tissue by carcinoma cells is accompanied by disintegration and reorganization of the hemidesmosomes, which connect the basement membrane to the basal epithelial cells. In terms of mediating the basement membrane, i.e., basal cell interactions, the heterotrimeric laminin 332 is the most important bridging molecule. Due to this distinct function, laminin 332, especially its gamma 2 chain, came into the focus of cancer research. Specific de novo synthesis and deposition patterns of laminin 332 are evident upon development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Loss from the basement membrane, cytoplasmic accumulation, and extracellular deposition are associated with crucial processes such as stromal activation and immune response, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and tumor cell budding. In networks with components of the tumor microenvironment, altered expression of laminin 332 chains, proteolytic processing, and interaction with integrin receptors seem to promote cancer cell migration. Indeed, reorganization patterns are shown to have a high diagnostic and prognostic value. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on laminin 332 reorganization in OSCCs with special focus on its gamma 2 chain and provide, based on the current literature, evidence on its promising role as a grading and monitoring parameter and as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Berndt
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-939-70-61
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
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Jia Z, Gao J, Wang Y, Zhou T, Zhang X, Zu G. Clinicopathological and prognostic value of lysyl oxidase expression in gastric cancer: a systematic review, meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16786. [PMID: 36202905 PMCID: PMC9537423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the expression of Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and its clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is still disputed. We performed this meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis to clarify the relationship between the expression and methylation level of LOX with its clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value. We applied odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval to study the associations between LOX expression and clinicopathological parameters and overall survival (OS) in GC patients. In addition, association analysis of promoter methylation levels and expression of LOX with its prognostic value was performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The PRISMA 2020 checklist was used to guide the data extraction and analysis. This meta-analysis includes seven clinical studies with a total of 1435 GC patients. LOX expression was related to lymph node metastasis and tumor distant metastasis in GC patients, but not to gender, tumor differentiation, Lauren classification, or tumor depth of invasion. Patients with GC grouped in high-expression of LOX had a much worse OS than those in low-expression. In addition, TCGA and four GEO datasets with 1279 samples were included in the bioinformatics analysis. The bioinformatics analysis showed that patients with high LOX levels had poor OS; low levels of methylation at some cg sites in the LOX gene were strongly related to poor OS and PFS; and methylation levels of LOX are negatively correlated with advanced tumor stage. The conclusion from comprehensive DNA methylation and gene expression analysis supports LOX as a specific diagnostic and prognosis biomarker in GC. LOX expression was related to lymph node metastasis, tumor distant metastasis and poor prognosis in GC. Low methylation levels were related to advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis in GC. Integrative analysis supports LOX as a specific diagnostic and prognosis biomarker in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, No. 826 Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China.,Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiacheng Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, No. 826 Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China.,Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, No. 826 Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China.,Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, No. 826 Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Zu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, No. 826 Southwest Road Shahekou District, Dalian, 116033, People's Republic of China.
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Lu R, Li Z, Yin S. Constructing a Ferroptosis-related Long Non-coding RNA Signature to Predict the Prognostic of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients by Bioinformatic Analysis. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:1825-1844. [PMID: 35098409 PMCID: PMC9470613 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel discovered iron-dependent mode of regulated cell death (RCD) which characterized non-apoptosis. Researches have shown the effect of ferroptosis in the biological activities of tumors. But there is no relevant study showing the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study, we paid attention to several ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical features. HNSCC data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were selected by the coexpression network. Then, we identified prognostic ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in HNSCC patients and constructed a ferroptosis-related lncRNAs signature by Lasso cox regression. Besides, GSEA analysis was performed to explore the functional enrichment of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. Nine ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (AC004687.1, AL450992.2, AC010894.2, AL451085.2, AC104083.1, LIPE-AS1, AC108010.1, CTBP1-DT, and PTCSC2) were identified to have the independent prognostic value in HNSCC patients and the ferroptosis-related lncRNAs signature was constructed based on these nine genes. According to the risk score of the signature, the high-risk group had shorter overall survival (OS) compared with the low-risk group. Risk score showed to be an independent factor for the patients with HNSCC. Additionally, the nomogram was generated and the nine lncRNAs were mainly enriched in phagocytosis, metabolism, and chemokine signaling pathways. The ferroptosis-related lncRNA signature has effects on the prognostic prediction of patients with HNSCC which may serve as potential therapeutic targets for patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shucheng Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
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3D microengineered vascularized tumor spheroids for drug delivery and efficacy testing. Acta Biomater 2022:S1742-7061(22)00665-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yu D, Liu Z. The research progress in the interaction between Candida albicans and cancers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:988734. [PMID: 36246294 PMCID: PMC9554461 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.988734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus, which tends to infect the host with defective immune function including cancer patients. A growing number of studies have shown that C. albicans infection increases the host susceptibility to cancer such as oral, gastric, and colorectal cancer. Cancer and anti-cancer treatment may also affect the colonization of C. albicans. C. albicans may promote the development of cancer by damaging mucosal epithelium, inducing the production of carcinogens, triggering chronic inflammation including Th17 cell-mediated immune response. In this article, we aim to elaborate the interaction between C. albicans and cancers development and summarize the potential molecular mechanisms, so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalang Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiping Liu,
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Impact of Diabetes on Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes of Ampullary Adenocarcinoma Patients after Curative Pancreatoduodenectomy. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:6724-6734. [PMID: 36290805 PMCID: PMC9600143 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have confirmed that diabetes was associated with prognosis in many malignant cancer types. However, the impact of diabetes on ampullary carcinoma (AC) has not been investigated. METHODS A total of 266 AC patients in the National Cancer Center of China between January 1998 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The postoperative complication rate, postoperative recurrence rate, and long-term survival were compared between the diabetes group and the no diabetes group. RESULTS A total of 32 AC patients (12.03%) were diagnosed with diabetes before surgery. In total, 111 patients (41.73%) had one or more postoperative complications, and there was no perioperative death. There was no statistically significant difference regarding postoperative complications between the diabetes group and the no diabetes group. Altogether, 120 patients (45.11%) experienced postoperative recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes was an independent risk factor for the recurrence (OR: 2.384, 95% CI: 1.065-5.336, p = 0.035), OS (HR: 1.597, 95% CI: 1.005-2.537, p = 0.047), and RFS (HR: 1.768, 95% CI: 1.068-2.925, p = 0.027) in AC patients after curative pancreatoduodenectomy. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes may adversely affect the recurrence of patients with AC after curative pancreaticoduodenectomy, leading to an increased risk of poor prognosis in early-stage patients. Further studies involving a large sample size are needed to validate our results.
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Jangholi A, Müller Bark J, Kenny L, Vasani S, Rao S, Dolcetti R, Punyadeera C. Exosomes at the crossroad between therapeutic targets and therapy resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188784. [PMID: 36028150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are aggressive and clinically challenging tumours that require a multidisciplinary management approach. Despite significant therapy improvements, HNSCC patients have a poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of about 65%. As recently recognised key players in cancer, exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a diameter of nearly 50-120 nm which transport information from one cell to another. Exosomes are actively involved in various aspects of tumour initiation, development, metastasis, immune regulation, therapy resistance, and therapeutic applications. However, current knowledge of the role of exosomes in the pathophysiological processes of HNSCC is still in its infancy, and additional studies are needed. In this review, we summarise and discuss the relevance of exosomes in mediating local immunosuppression and therapy resistance of HNSCC. We also review the most recent studies that have explored the therapeutic potential of exosomes as cancer vaccines, drug carriers or tools to reverse the drug resistance of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Jangholi
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, The School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia; The School of Environment and Science, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juliana Müller Bark
- The School of Environment and Science, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lizbeth Kenny
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Herston, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarju Vasani
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Cancer Care Services, Herston, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Australia
| | - Sudha Rao
- Gene Regulation and Translational Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- The School of Environment and Science, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MIHQ), Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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Huang C, Liang Y, Dong Y, Huang L, Li A, Du R, Huang H. Novel prognostic matrisome-related gene signature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:884590. [PMID: 36081907 PMCID: PMC9445128 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.884590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignancy of the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma are common HNSCC subtypes. Patients with metastatic HNSCC have a poor prognosis. Therefore, identifying molecular markers for the development and progression of HNSCC is essential for improving early diagnosis and predicting patient outcomes. Methods: Gene expression RNA-Seq data and patient clinical traits were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas-Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-HNSC) and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) screening was performed using the TCGA-HNSC dataset. Intersection analysis between the DEGs and a list of core matrisome genes obtained from the Matrisome Project was used to identify differentially expressed matrisome genes. A prognostic model was established using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Immune landscape analysis was performed based on the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, prognostic value, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and gene mutation analyses. Immunohistochemical results regarding prognostic protein levels were obtained from the Human Protein Atlas. Single-gene RNA-sequencing data were obtained from GSE150321 and GSE172577 datasets. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to confirm cell proliferation and migration. Results: A total of 1,779 DEGs, including 939 upregulated and 840 downregulated genes, between tumor and normal samples were identified using the TCGA-HNSC microarray data. Intersection analysis revealed 52 differentially expressed matrisome-related genes. After performing univariate and multivariate Cox regression and LASSO analyses, a novel prognostic model based on six matrisome genes (FN1, LAMB4, LAMB3, DMP1, CHAD, and MMRN1) for HNSCC was established. This risk model can successfully predict HNSCC survival. The high-risk group had worse prognoses and higher enrichment of pathways related to cancer development than the low-risk group. Silencing LAMB4 in HNSCC cell lines promoted cell proliferation and migration. Conclusion: This study provides a novel prognostic model for HNSCC. Thus, FN1, LAMB4, LAMB3, DMP1, CHAD, and MMRN1 may be the promising biomarkers for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Anlei Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ran Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Huang,
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Surendran S, Aboelkheir U, Tu AA, Magner WJ, Sigurdson SL, Merzianu M, Hicks WL, Suresh A, Kirkwood KL, Kuriakose MA. T-Cell Infiltration and Immune Checkpoint Expression Increase in Oral Cavity Premalignant and Malignant Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1840. [PMID: 36009387 PMCID: PMC9404942 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune cell niche associated with oral dysplastic lesion progression to carcinoma is poorly understood. We identified T regulatory cells (Treg), CD8+ effector T cells (Teff) and immune checkpoint molecules across oral dysplastic stages of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). OPMD and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue sections (N = 270) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for Treg (CD4, CD25 and FoxP3), Teff (CD8) and immune checkpoint molecules (PD-1 and PD-L1). The Treg marker staining intensity correlated significantly (p < 0.01) with presence of higher dysplasia grade and invasive cancer. These data suggest that Treg infiltration is relatively early in dysplasia and may be associated with disease progression. The presence of CD8+ effector T cells and the immune checkpoint markers PD-1 and PD-L1 were also associated with oral cancer progression (p < 0.01). These observations indicate the induction of an adaptive immune response with similar Treg and Teff recruitment timing and, potentially, the early induction of exhaustion. FoxP3 and PD-L1 levels were closely correlated with CD8 levels (p < 0.01). These data indicate the presence of reinforcing mechanisms contributing to the immune suppressive niche in high-risk OPMD and in OSCC. The presence of an adaptive immune response and T-cell exhaustion suggest that an effective immune response may be reactivated with targeted interventions coupled with immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Surendran
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Usama Aboelkheir
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrew A. Tu
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - William J. Magner
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - S. Lynn Sigurdson
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Mihai Merzianu
- Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Wesley L. Hicks
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Amritha Suresh
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation Bangalore, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Keith L. Kirkwood
- Periodontics and Endodontics, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Moni A. Kuriakose
- Head & Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (S.S.); (U.A.); (A.A.T.); (W.J.M.); (S.L.S.); (W.L.H.J.); (A.S.)
- Integrated Head and Neck Oncology Program, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation Bangalore, Bangalore 560099, India
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Comprehensive Review on Development of Early Diagnostics on Oral Cancer with a Special Focus on Biomarkers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12104926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
One of the most frequent head and neck cancers is oral cancer, with less than half of those diagnosed surviving five years. Despite breakthroughs in the treatment of many other cancers, the prognosis for people with OSCC remains dismal. The conventional methods of detection include a thorough clinical examination, biochemical investigations, and invasive biopsies. Early identification and treatment are important for a better chance of extending a patient’s life. Early diagnosis may be possible by identifying biomarkers in biological fluids. Currently, the primary method for diagnosing oral lesions is a visual oral examination; however, such a technique has certain drawbacks, as individuals are recognized after their cancer has advanced to a severe degree. The first section of this review discusses several diagnostic techniques for cancer detection, while the second section discusses the present state of knowledge about known existing predictive markers for the timely identification of malignant lesions, as well as disease activity tracking. The aim of the paper is to conduct a critical review of existing oral cancer diagnostic processes and to consider the possible application of innovative technology for early detection. This might broaden our diagnostic choices and enhance our capacity to identify and treat oral malignant tumors more effectively.
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Li H, Zhang Y, Xu M, Yang D. Current trends of targeted therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2169-2186. [PMID: 35501496 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant disease in the world which has a profound effect on human health and life quality. According to tumor stage and pathological diagnosis, OSCC is mainly treated by combinations of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, traditional treatment methods suffer from some limitations, such as systemic toxicity, limited therapeutic effect and drug resistance. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanodrug delivery systems (DDSs) and intelligent DDSs have been widely used in targeted therapy for OSCC. Meanwhile, the newly developed therapeutic techniques such as immunotherapy, gene therapy and bionic technology provide the possibility to realize the active targeted therapy. Here, the latest advances of target therapy for OSCC are reviewed, and their therapeutic remarks, current limits and future prospects are also systematically interpreted. It is believed that active and passive targeted therapies have great potentials for clinical transformation and application of OSCC, which will greatly improve human quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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Kavasi RM, Neagu M, Constantin C, Munteanu A, Surcel M, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN, Nikitovic D. Matrix Effectors in the Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte-Derived Carcinomas. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:879500. [PMID: 35572966 PMCID: PMC9100789 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.879500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), referred to as keratinocyte carcinomas, are skin cancer with the highest incidence. BCCs, rarely metastasize; whereas, though generally not characterized by high lethality, approximately 2–4% of primary cSCCs metastasize with patients exhibiting poor prognosis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a scaffold that provides structural and biological support to cells in all human tissues. The main components of the ECM, including fibrillar proteins, proteoglycans (PGs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and adhesion proteins such as fibronectin, are secreted by the cells in a tissue-specific manner, critical for the proper function of each organ. The skin compartmentalization to the epidermis and dermis compartments is based on a basement membrane (BM), a highly specialized network of ECM proteins that separate and unify the two compartments. The stiffness and assembly of BM and tensile forces affect tumor progenitors' invasion at the stratified epithelium's stromal border. Likewise, the mechanical properties of the stroma, e.g., stiffness, are directly correlated to the pathogenesis of the keratinocyte carcinomas. Since the ECM is a pool for various growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, its' intense remodeling in the aberrant cancer tissue milieu affects biological functions, such as angiogenesis, adhesion, proliferation, or cell motility by regulating specific signaling pathways. This review discusses the structural and functional modulations of the keratinocyte carcinoma microenvironment. Furthermore, we debate how ECM remodeling affects the pathogenesis of these skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela-Maria Kavasi
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- Doctoral School, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- Doctoral School, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Munteanu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Doctoral School, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Surcel
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Forensic Science Department, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N. Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- *Correspondence: Dragana Nikitovic
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Du J, Feng J, Luo D, Peng L. Prognostic and Clinical Significance of COX-2 Overexpression in Laryngeal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:854946. [PMID: 35530357 PMCID: PMC9074301 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Several studies were conducted to explore the clinical significance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression in laryngeal cancer. However, the associations between COX-2 overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics of laryngeal cancer patients remained unclear. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to eva-TY -40luate the role of COX-2 overexpression in the risk, clinical progression, and progno\sis of laryngeal cancer. Methods The eligible literature was obtained from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the associations, and I2 statistics were used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Publication bias was detected with Begg’s test and Egger’s test. Results A total of 47 eligible articles were included for the meta-analysis after screening. COX-2 expression levels in the laryngeal cancer patients were significantly higher than those in the normal controls (OR = 11.62, 95% CI: 6.96–19.40, P < 0.05). The pooled results also showed that there were significant correlations between COX-2 overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics (tumor stage, OR = 3.26, 95% CI: 2.13–4.98, P < 0.05; lymph node metastasis, in Asians, OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.53–3.60, P < 0.05; recurrence, OR = 10.71, 95% CI: 3.54–32.38, P < 0.05; T stage, in Asians, OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.66–3.83, P < 0.05). In addition, significant correlations between COX-2 overexpression and overall survival of laryngeal cancer were found both in Asians and in Caucasians (total, HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.23–2.24, P < 0.05; survival in Asians, HR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.27–3.92, P < 0.05; survival in Caucasians, HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03–2.14, P < 0.05). Conclusions The meta-analysis results suggested that COX-2 overexpression was significantly associated with the increased risk, worse clinicopathological progression, and poorer prognosis of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Du
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Deyan Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lijuan Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Peng,
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Kucuk U, Ekmekci S, Talu C, Pekcevik Y, Cukurova I. Relationship of E-cadherin, Beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1 and αSMA as Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition markers with prognostic factors in early and advanced stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2022; 66:237-245. [PMID: 37077062 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_530_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To investigate the relationship between E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1, and αSMA as epithelial-mesenchymal transformation markers with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and overall survival (OS) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCC). Materials and Methods A total of 100 cases diagnosed with LSCC were included in the study. Data about the lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), necrosis, and LNM were recorded by evaluating hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides. Markers of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1, and αSMA were applied to the sections prepared from paraffin blocks of tumor samples. Results Ninety-five male and five female patients were included in the study, and 38 of them exited. A significant relationship was observed between OS with advanced tumor stage, presence of LNM and PNI. A significant relationship was found between increased tumor Zeb1 expression and advanced tumor stage. In univariate and multivariate analyses, a significant negative relationship with OS, and increased Zeb1 expression in tumor and tumor stroma was seen. Any relationship was not observed between E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, and αSMA and OS. Conclusion Among the EMT markers, we evaluated in our study, it was seen that Zeb1, which is an EMT transcription factor, is associated with tumor stage, LNM, and OS. Remarkably, Zeb1 expression observed in tumor stroma was also significant for OS. Any similar data reported for LSCCs have not been encountered in the literature, and it was thought that it would be appropriate to support our findings with further studies to be performed on this subject.
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Dholariya S, Singh RD, Radadiya M, Parchwani D, Sharma G, Mir R. Role of the Tumor Microenvironment and the Influence of Epigenetics on the Tumor Microenvironment in Oral Carcinogenesis: Potential Implications. Crit Rev Oncog 2022; 27:47-64. [PMID: 37199302 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2022047088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer has become a significant problem throughout the world, particularly in countries that are still developing. Recent literature supports the contribution of components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the effect of epigenetic changes happening in the cells of the TME on oral cancer development and progression. In this review, we comprehensively examine the significance of TME in the development of OC along with the current understanding of the epigenetic modifications that regulate the TME and their cohesive impact on tumor traits and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Tabuk, India
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Sun Z, Sun X, Chen Z, Du J, Wu Y. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 28:19. [PMID: 34903958 PMCID: PMC8653808 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the epithelial lining of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. There are several potential risk factors that cause the generation of HNSCC, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, inadequate nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV and Epstein–Barr virus, and Candida albicans infections. HNSCC has causative links to both environmental factors and genetic mutations, with the latter playing a more critical role in cancer progression. These molecular changes to epithelial cells include the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes overexpression, resulting in tumour cell proliferation and distant metastasis. HNSCC patients have impaired dendritic cell (DC) and natural killer (NK) cell functions, increased production of higher immune-suppressive molecules, loss of regulatory T cells and co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι molecules, lower number of lymphocyte subsets, and a poor response to antigen-presenting cells. At present, the standard treatment modalities for HNSCC patients include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and combinatorial therapy. Despite advances in the development of novel treatment modalities over the last few decades, survival rates of HNSCC patients have not increased. To establish effective immunotherapies, a greater understanding of interactions between the immune system and HNSCC is required, and there is a particular need to develop novel therapeutic options. A therapeutic cancer vaccine has been proposed as a promising method to improve outcome by inducing a powerful adaptive immune response that leads to cancer cell elimination. Compared with other vaccines, peptide cancer vaccines are more robust and specific. In the past few years, there have been remarkable achievements in peptide-based vaccines for HNSCC patients. Here, we summarize the latest molecular alterations in HNSCC, explore the immune response to HNSCC, and discuss the latest developments in peptide-based cancer vaccine strategies. This review highlights areas for valuable future research focusing on peptide-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Gaoxin Branch of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000 China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
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Yang GN, Strudwick XL, Bonder CS, Kopecki Z, Cowin AJ. Increased Expression of Flightless I in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Affects Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413203. [PMID: 34948000 PMCID: PMC8703548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) accounts for 25% of cutaneous malignancies diagnosed in Caucasian populations. Surgical removal in combination with radiation and chemotherapy are effective treatments for cSCC. Nevertheless, the aggressive metastatic forms of cSCC still have a relatively poor patient outcome. Studies have linked actin cytoskeletal dynamics and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as important modulators of cSCC pathogenesis. Previous studies have also shown that the actin-remodeling protein Flightless (Flii) is a negative regulator of cSCC. The aim of this study was to investigate if the functional effects of Flii on cSCC involve the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Flii knockdown was performed using siRNA in a human late stage aggressive metastatic cSCC cell line (MET-1) alongside analysis of Flii genetic murine models of 3-methylcholanthrene induced cSCC. Flii was increased in a MET-1 cSCC cell line and reducing Flii expression led to fewer PCNA positive cells and a concomitant reduction in cellular proliferation and symmetrical division. Knockdown of Flii led to decreased β-catenin and a decrease in the expression of the downstream effector of β-catenin signaling protein SOX9. 3-Methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced cSCC in Flii overexpressing mice showed increased markers of cancer metastasis including talin and keratin-14 and a significant increase in SOX9 alongside a reduction in Flii associated protein (Flap-1). Taken together, this study demonstrates a role for Flii in regulating proteins involved in cSCC proliferation and tumor progression and suggests a potential role for Flii in aggressive metastatic cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gink N. Yang
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia; (G.N.Y.); (X.L.S.); (Z.K.)
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
| | - Xanthe L. Strudwick
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia; (G.N.Y.); (X.L.S.); (Z.K.)
| | - Claudine S. Bonder
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Zlatko Kopecki
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia; (G.N.Y.); (X.L.S.); (Z.K.)
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia; (G.N.Y.); (X.L.S.); (Z.K.)
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-83025018
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Abd El-Aziz YS, Leck LYW, Jansson PJ, Sahni S. Emerging Role of Autophagy in the Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6152. [PMID: 34944772 PMCID: PMC8699656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process, which is characterized by degradation of damaged proteins and organelles needed to supply the cell with essential nutrients. At basal levels, autophagy is important to maintain cellular homeostasis and development. It is also a stress responsive process that allows the cells to survive when subjected to stressful conditions such as nutrient deprivation. Autophagy has been implicated in many pathologies including cancer. It is well established that autophagy plays a dual role in different cancer types. There is emerging role of autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development and progression. This review will focus on the role played by autophagy in relation to different aspects of cancer progression and discuss recent studies exploring the role of autophagy in OSCC. It will further discuss potential therapeutic approaches to target autophagy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna S. Abd El-Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Lionel Y. W. Leck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Patric J. Jansson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sumit Sahni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia
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