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Taherian M, Bayati P, Mojtabavi N. Stem cell-based therapy for fibrotic diseases: mechanisms and pathways. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:170. [PMID: 38886859 PMCID: PMC11184790 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process, that could result in permanent scarring and impairment of the physiological function of the affected organ; this condition which is categorized under the term organ failure could affect various organs in different situations. The involvement of the major organs, such as the lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and skin, is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality across the world. Fibrotic disorders encompass a broad range of complications and could be traced to various illnesses and impairments; these could range from simple skin scars with beauty issues to severe rheumatologic or inflammatory disorders such as systemic sclerosis as well as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Besides, the overactivation of immune responses during any inflammatory condition causing tissue damage could contribute to the pathogenic fibrotic events accompanying the healing response; for instance, the inflammation resulting from tissue engraftment could cause the formation of fibrotic scars in the grafted tissue, even in cases where the immune system deals with hard to clear infections, fibrotic scars could follow and cause severe adverse effects. A good example of such a complication is post-Covid19 lung fibrosis which could impair the life of the affected individuals with extensive lung involvement. However, effective therapies that halt or slow down the progression of fibrosis are missing in the current clinical settings. Considering the immunomodulatory and regenerative potential of distinct stem cell types, their application as an anti-fibrotic agent, capable of attenuating tissue fibrosis has been investigated by many researchers. Although the majority of the studies addressing the anti-fibrotic effects of stem cells indicated their potent capabilities, the underlying mechanisms, and pathways by which these cells could impact fibrotic processes remain poorly understood. Here, we first, review the properties of various stem cell types utilized so far as anti-fibrotic treatments and discuss the challenges and limitations associated with their applications in clinical settings; then, we will summarize the general and organ-specific mechanisms and pathways contributing to tissue fibrosis; finally, we will describe the mechanisms and pathways considered to be employed by distinct stem cell types for exerting anti-fibrotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Bayati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mojtabavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Guo J, Zhang Y, Zhou R, Hao Y, Wu X, Li G, Du Q. Deciphering the molecular mechanism of Bu Yang Huan Wu Decoction in interference with diabetic pulmonary fibrosis via regulating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorder. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 243:116061. [PMID: 38430615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus type 2 and pulmonary fibrosis have been found to be closely related in clinical practice. Diabetic pulmonary fibrosis (DPF) is a complication of diabetes mellitus, but its treatment has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Bu Yang Huan Wu Decoction (BYHWD) is a well-known traditional Chinese prescription that has shown great efficacy in treating pulmonary fibrosis with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. METHODS The active ingredients of BYHWD and the corresponding targets were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and SymMap2. Disease-related targets were obtained from the GeneCard, OMIM and CTD databases. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment were carried out using the DAVID database. AutoDock Vina software was employed to perform molecular docking. Molecular dynamics simulations of proteinligand complexes were conducted by Gromacs. Animal experiments were further performed to validate the effects of BYHWD on the selected core targets, markers of oxidative stress, serum lipids, blood glucose and pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS A total of 84 active ingredients and 830 target genes were screened in BYHWD, among which 56 target genes intersected with DPF-related targets. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that the active ingredients can regulate target genes such as IL-6, TNF-α, VEGFA and CASP3, mainly through AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggested that IL6-astragaloside IV, IL6-baicalein, TNFα-astragaloside IV, and TNFα-baicalein docking complexes could bind stably. Animal experiments showed that BYHWD could reduce the expression of core targets such as VEGFA, CASP3, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, BYHWD could reduce blood glucose, lipid, and MDA levels in DPF while increasing the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. BYHWD attenuated the expression of HYP and collagen I, mitigating pathological damage and collagen deposition within lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS BYHWD modulates lipid metabolism disorders and oxidative stress by targeting the core targets of IL6, TNF-α, VEGFA and CASP3 through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, making it a potential therapy for DPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Guo
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yanwei Hao
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xuanyu Wu
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ganggang Li
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Quanyu Du
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
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Meng M, Zhang WW, Chen SF, Wang DR, Zhou CH. Therapeutic utility of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells-based approaches in pulmonary diseases: Recent advancements and prospects. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:70-88. [PMID: 38455096 PMCID: PMC10915951 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one of the major public health issues worldwide. For diverse disease conditions, the currently available approaches are focused on alleviating clinical symptoms and delaying disease progression but have not shown significant therapeutic effects in patients with lung diseases. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) isolated from the human UC have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. Moreover, in recent years, these cells have been demonstrated to have unique advantages in the treatment of lung diseases. We searched the Public Clinical Trial Database and found 55 clinical trials involving UC-MSC therapy for pulmonary diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of these registered clinical trials and relevant published results and explore in depth the challenges and opportunitiesfaced in clinical application. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in UC-MSC-based therapy for pulmonary diseases are also analyzed in depth. In brief, this comprehensive review and detailed analysis of these clinical trials can be expected to provide a scientific reference for future large-scale clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Meng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Da-Rui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang-Hui Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China.
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Tao H, Lv Q, Zhang J, Chen L, Yang Y, Sun W. Different Levels of Autophagy Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Involved in the Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:3429565. [PMID: 38390035 PMCID: PMC10883747 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3429565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related lung interstitial disease that occurs predominantly in people over 65 years of age and for which there is a lack of effective therapeutic agents. It has demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) including alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) can perform repair functions. However, MSCs lose their repair functions due to their distinctive aging characteristics, eventually leading to the progression of IPF. Recent breakthroughs have revealed that the degree of autophagic activity influences the renewal and aging of MSCs and determines the prognosis of IPF. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent pathway that mediates the degradation and recycling of intracellular material and is an efficient way to renew the nonnuclear (cytoplasmic) part of eukaryotic cells, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is a potential target for regulating MSCs function. Therefore, this review focuses on the changes in autophagic activity of MSCs, clarifies the relationship between autophagy and health status of MSCs and the effect of autophagic activity on MSCs senescence and IPF, providing a theoretical basis for promoting the clinical application of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Tao
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qin Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical College, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
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Lettieri S, Bertuccio FR, del Frate L, Perrotta F, Corsico AG, Stella GM. The Plastic Interplay between Lung Regeneration Phenomena and Fibrotic Evolution: Current Challenges and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:547. [PMID: 38203718 PMCID: PMC10779349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders characterized by variable degrees of inflammation, interstitial thickening, and fibrosis leading to distortion of the pulmonary architecture and gas exchange impairment. Among them, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) displays the worst prognosis. The only therapeutic options consist of the two antifibrotic drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, which limit fibrosis progression but do not reverse the lung damage. The shift of the pathogenetic paradigm from inflammatory disease to epithelium-derived disease has definitively established the primary role of type II alveolar cells, which lose their epithelial phenotype and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with production of collagen and extracellular matrix (EMC) deposition. Some predisposing environmental and genetic factors (e.g., smoke, pollution, gastroesophageal reflux, variants of telomere and surfactant genes) leading to accelerated senescence set a pro-fibrogentic microenvironment and contribute to the loss of regenerative properties of type II epithelial cells in response to pathogenic noxae. This review provides a complete overview of the different pathogenetic mechanisms leading to the development of IPF. Then, we summarize the currently approved therapies and the main clinical trials ongoing. Finally, we explore the potentialities offered by agents not only interfering with the processes of fibrosis but also restoring the physiological properties of alveolar regeneration, with a particular focus on potentialities and concerns about cell therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), whose anti-inflammatory and immunomodulant properties have been exploited in other fibrotic diseases, such as graft versus host disease (GVHD) and COVID-19-related ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lettieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (F.R.B.); (L.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco R. Bertuccio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (F.R.B.); (L.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia del Frate
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (F.R.B.); (L.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80055 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angelo G. Corsico
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (F.R.B.); (L.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia M. Stella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (F.R.B.); (L.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Liu H, Yang C, Gao Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Yu X, Wang W, Xie L, Tang P, Yin X, Bai C, Zhang L. Macrophage-based delivery of anti-fibrotic proteins alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10555. [PMID: 37693057 PMCID: PMC10486326 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by chronic, progressive, and fibrotic lung injury. Although remarkable progress has been made toward understanding the pathogenesis of PF, finding more effective treatments for this fatal disease remains a challenge. In this study, we describe an innovative macrophage-based approach to deliver anti-fibrotic protein to the lung and inhibit PF in a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury. We engineered macrophages to continuously secrete three types of proteins: interleukin-10, which prevents inflammation; TGFRcFc, a soluble truncated TGF-βR2 that blocks TGF-β; and CD147, which induces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and causes collagen degradation. Infusing these engineered macrophages into the lungs of BLM-induced PF mouse models in an optimal pattern significantly ameliorated PF in mice. Specifically, the most effective therapeutic outcome was achieved by infusing IL-10-secreting macrophages on day 1, followed by TGFRcFc-secreting macrophages on day 7 and CD147-secreting macrophages on day 14 into the same mice after BLM treatment. Our data suggest that macrophage-based delivery of anti-fibrotic proteins to the lungs is a promising therapy for fibrotic lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Liu
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, The 8th Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Cuiping Yang
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, The 8th Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Yun Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological EngineeringShenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of PathologyThe 5th Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Min Wang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoningChina
| | - Xinting Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine307 Clinical College, Anhui Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weidong Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Research Center of BioengineeringThe Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, The 8th Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Ping Tang
- Department of RespiratoryShenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical AcademyShenzhenChina
| | - Xiushan Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical and Biological EngineeringShenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyangLiaoningChina
- RocRock Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.ShenzhenChina
| | - Changqing Bai
- Department of RespiratoryShenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical AcademyShenzhenChina
| | - Luo Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Research Center of BioengineeringThe Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Gao X, Gao W, Zhang L. Research progress on mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in systemic sclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1263839. [PMID: 37693906 PMCID: PMC10485262 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1263839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with an unknown etiology. Clinically, it is characterized by localized or diffuse skin thickening and fibrosis. The pathogenesis of SSc includes microvascular injury, autoimmune-mediated inflammation, and fibroblast activation. These processes interact and contribute to the diverse clinicopathology and presentation of SSc. Given the limited effectiveness and substantial side effects of traditional treatments, the treatment strategy for SSc has several disadvantages. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are expected to serve as effective treatment options owing to their significant immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and pro-angiogenic effects. Exosomes, secreted by MSCs via paracrine signaling, mirror the effect of MSCs as well as offer the benefit of targeted delivery, minimal immunogenicity, robust reparability, good safety and stability, and easy storage and transport. This enables them to circumvent the limitations of the MSCs. When using exosomes, it is crucial to consider preparation methods, quality standards, and suitable drug delivery systems, among other technical issues. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the latest research progress on MSCs and exosomes in SSc, offering novel ideas for treating SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Luo R, Wei Y, Chen P, Zhang J, Wang L, Wang W, Wang P, Tian W. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Modulating the IRE1 α Branch of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:4483776. [PMID: 37545482 PMCID: PMC10397497 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4483776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial lung disease, and it carries a poor prognosis due to a lack of efficient diagnosis methods and treatments. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in IPF pathogenesis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to fibrosis via EMT-mediated pathways. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is a promising treatment strategy for pulmonary fibrosis and ameliorates lung fibrosis in animal models via paracrine effects. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the effect of transplanted MSCs are not known. We previously reported that MSCs attenuate endothelial injury by modulating ER stress and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. The present study investigated whether modulation of ER stress- and EMT-related pathways plays essential roles in MSC-mediated alleviation of IPF. Methods and Results We constructed a A549 cell model of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced fibrosis. TGF-β1 was used to induce EMT in A549 cells, and MSC coculture decreased EMT, as indicated by increased E-cadherin levels and decreased vimentin levels. ER stress participated in TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells, and MSCs inhibited the expression of XBP-1s, XBP-1u, and BiP, which was upregulated by TGF-β1. Inhibition of ER stress contributed to MSC-mediated amelioration of EMT in A549 cells, and modulation of the IRE1α-XBP1 branch of the ER stress pathway may have played an important role in this effect. MSC transplantation alleviated bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. MSC treatment decreased the expression of ER stress- and EMT-related genes and proteins, and the most obvious effect of MSC treatment was inhibition of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that MSCs decrease EMT by modulating ER stress and that blockade of the IRE1α-XBP1 pathway may play a critical role in this effect. The current study provides novel insight for the application of MSCs for IPF treatment and elucidates the mechanism underlying the preventive effects of MSCs against pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixi Luo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Stem Cell Therapy Research Center, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaqiong Wei
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Clinical Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Teaching and Research Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - La Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Weiyi Tian
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Yang Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Ning Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Xu K, Zhang L. Mesenchymal stem cells and pulmonary fibrosis: a bibliometric and visualization analysis of literature published between 2002 and 2021. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136761. [PMID: 37469875 PMCID: PMC10352497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe disease that can lead to respiratory failure and even death. However, currently there is no effective treatment available for patients with PF. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently shown to have therapeutic potential for PF. We analyzed the literature focused of MSCs and PF to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between MSCs and PF. Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for literature from 2002 through 2021 that involved MSCs and PF. The included studies were then analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewers software. Results: A total of 1,457 studies were included for analysis. Our findings demonstrated the following: 1) an increasing trend of MSC and PF research; 2) among the 54 countries/regions of author affiliations, the United States was the most frequent, and the University of Michigan (n = 64, 2.8%) was the top institution; 3) Rojas Mauricio published the most articles and PLOS ONE had the most related studies; and 4) keywords, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, mesenchymal stem cells, and systemic sclerosis, were listed more than 100 times, indicating the research trend. Other common keywords, such as inflammation, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, aging, telomerase or telomere, and extracellular matrix demonstrate research interests in the corresponding mechanisms.1) The number of publications focused on MSCs and PF research increased during the study period; 2) Among the 54 countries/regions of author affiliations, most articles were published in the United States of America, and the University of Michigan (n = 64, 2.8%) had the largest number of publications; 3) Rojas Mauricio published the most articles and PLOS ONE had the most related studies; 4) Keywords, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, MSCs, and systemic sclerosis, were listed more than 100 times, representing a research trend. Other common keywords included inflammation, myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, aging, telomerase or telomere, and extracellular matrix. Discussion: During the past 2 decades, MSCs have been proposed to play an important role in PF treatment. An increasing amount of literature focused on MSCs and PF research has been published. Our findings provide insight into the current status and research trends in the field of MSCs and PF research during the past 2 decades, which could help researchers understand necessary research directions. In the future, more preclinical and clinical studies should be conducted in this field to support the application of MSCs in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Xinzhou People’s Hospital, Xinzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zongdi Ning
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Drobiova H, Sindhu S, Ahmad R, Haddad D, Al-Mulla F, Al Madhoun A. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells: a concise review of their secretome and prospective clinical applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1211217. [PMID: 37440921 PMCID: PMC10333601 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1211217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that most primary Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) therapeutic potential is due to their paracrine activity, i.e., their ability to modulate their microenvironment by releasing bioactive molecules and factors collectively known as secretome. These bioactive molecules and factors can either be released directly into the surrounding microenvironment or can be embedded within the membrane-bound extracellular bioactive nano-sized (usually 30-150 nm) messenger particles or vesicles of endosomal origin with specific route of biogenesis, known as exosomes or carried by relatively larger particles (100 nm-1 μm) formed by outward blebbing of plasma membrane called microvesicles (MVs); exosomes and MVs are collectively known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). The bioactive molecules and factors found in secretome are of various types, including cytokines, chemokines, cytoskeletal proteins, integrins, growth factors, angiogenic mediators, hormones, metabolites, and regulatory nucleic acid molecules. As expected, the secretome performs different biological functions, such as immunomodulation, tissue replenishment, cellular homeostasis, besides possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. This review highlights the current advances in research on the WJ-MSCs' secretome and its prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Drobiova
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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Min Q, Yang L, Tian H, Tang L, Xiao Z, Shen J. Immunomodulatory Mechanism and Potential Application of Dental Pulp-Derived Stem Cells in Immune-Mediated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098068. [PMID: 37175774 PMCID: PMC10178746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental pulp tissue, which have high self-renewal ability and multi-lineage differentiation potential. With the discovery of the immunoregulatory ability of stem cells, DPSCs have attracted much attention because they have similar or even better immunomodulatory effects than MSCs from other sources. DPSCs and their exosomes can exert an immunomodulatory ability by acting on target immune cells to regulate cytokines. DPSCs can also migrate to the lesion site to differentiate into target cells to repair the injured tissue, and play an important role in tissue regeneration. The aim of this review is to summarize the molecular mechanism and target cells of the immunomodulatory effects of DPSCs, and the latest advances in preclinical research in the treatment of various immune-mediated diseases, providing new reflections for their clinical application. DPSCs may be a promising source of stem cells for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Min
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hua Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
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Chu KA, Yeh CC, Hsu CH, Hsu CW, Kuo FH, Tsai PJ, Fu YS. Reversal of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Wharton's Jelly versus Human-Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086948. [PMID: 37108112 PMCID: PMC10139084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, non-reversible illness with various etiologies. Currently, effective treatments for fibrotic lungs are still lacking. Here, we compared the effectiveness of transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (HUMSCs) versus those from adipose tissue (ADMSCs) in reversing pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Bleomycin 5 mg was intratracheally injected to establish a severe, stable, single left lung animal model with PF. On Day 21 post-BLM administration, one single transplantation of 2.5 × 107 HUMSCs or ADMSCs was performed. Lung function examination of Injury and Injury+ADMSCs rats displayed significantly decreased blood oxygen saturation and increased respiratory rates, while Injury+HUMSCs rats showed statistical amelioration in blood oxygen saturation and significant alleviation in respiratory rates. Reduced cell number in the bronchoalveolar lavage and lower myofibroblast activation appeared in the rats transplanted with either ADMSCs or HUMSCS than that in the Injury group. However, ADMSC transplantation stimulated more adipogenesis. Furthermore, matrix-metallopeptidase-9 over-expression for collagen degradation, and the elevation of Toll-like receptor-4 expression for alveolar regeneration were observed only in the Injury+HUMSCs. In comparison with the transplantation of ADMSCs, transplantation of HUMSCs exhibited a much more effective therapeutic effect on PF, with significantly better results in alveolar volume and lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-An Chu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821004, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831301, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ching Yeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Hsu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Hsu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- Medical Intensive Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsien Kuo
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jiun Tsai
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Show Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
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Gul A, Yang F, Xie C, Du W, Mohammadtursun N, Wang B, Le J, Dong J. Pulmonary fibrosis model of mice induced by different administration methods of bleomycin. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:91. [PMID: 36944966 PMCID: PMC10029181 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disease of the lung. How to build a typical human mimicking animal model has been a challenge. Thus, to reveal the mechanism and to make it useful for IPF clinical treatment, a different type of mice model and inspection methods are used to evaluate which one is applicable for the study of IPF. METHOD 69 Twelve-weeks-old C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 type groups (n = 7 for each control group, n = 8 for each BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis groups), as intraperitoneal injection, intratracheal administration, and intravenous administration of bleomycin (BLM) to initiate lung fibrosis. Changes of the lung function measured through mice Pulmonary function test (PFT). Morphological changes in mice were observed by PET/CT, Masson and Picro-Sirius staining, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Biochemical changes were tested by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). RESULTS PET/CT of BLM-receiving mice showed an increase in fibrotic consolidations and an increase in non-aerated lung area in BLM-treated mice compared with that in controls. TGF-b1, TNF-a, IL-6, GM-CSF in BALF and serum. PAI-1, HYP in the lung tissue of mice were significantly different in each BLM groups than those in the controls. The results of Masson staining in mice indicate that the lung tissues of all BLM received groups, the intratracheal groups, the intravenous groups, and the intraperitoneal groups have a higher degree of pulmonary septal thickening and collagen fiber consolidation compare to saline control. Picro-Sirius staining results are consistent with the results of Masson staining. Compared with the saline control group, the ratio of Col 1/Col 3 was significantly increased in each BLM group. TEM results found that in BLM group, type I alveolar epithelial cells were degenerated. Exfoliated endothelial cells were swelling, and type II alveolar epithelial cells were proliferated, the shape of the nucleus was irregular, and some tooth-like protrusions were seen. CONCLUSIONS With three different methods of animal model construction, high dose of each show more compliable, and BLM can successfully induce animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, however, certain differences in the fibrosis formation sites of them three, and tail vein injection of BLM induced PF model is closer to the idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Gul
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyong Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Xie
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Nabijan Mohammadtursun
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- College of Xinjiang Uyghur Medicine, Hotan, 848000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
- Medical College of Hexi University, Zhangye, 734000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Le
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
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Classical monocyte-derived macrophages as therapeutic targets of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: comparison of intratracheal and intravenous administration in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2023; 24:68. [PMID: 36870972 PMCID: PMC9985859 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease that has no cure. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to ameliorate lung inflammation and fibrosis in mouse models, their mechanisms of action remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the changes in various immune cells, especially macrophages and monocytes, involved in the effects of MSC treatment on pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS We collected and analyzed explanted lung tissues and blood from patients with IPF who underwent lung transplantation. After establishing a pulmonary fibrosis model via the intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM) to 8-week-old mice, MSCs derived from human umbilical cords were administered intravenously or intratracheally on day 10 and the lungs were immunologically analyzed on days 14 and 21. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the immune cell characteristics, and gene expression levels were examined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In the histological analysis of explanted human lung tissues, the terminally fibrotic areas contained a larger number of macrophages and monocytes than the early fibrotic areas of the lungs. When human monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMs) were stimulated with interleukin-13 in vitro, the expression of type 2 macrophage (M2) markers was more prominent in MoMs from the classical monocyte subset than in those from intermediate or non-classical monocyte subsets, and MSCs suppressed M2 marker expression independent of MoM subsets. In the mouse model, the increased number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the degree of lung fibrosis observed in BLM-treated mice were significantly reduced by MSC treatment, which tended to be more prominent with intravenous administration than intratracheal administration. Both M1 and M2 MoMs were upregulated in BLM-treated mice. The M2c subset of M2 MoMs was significantly reduced by MSC treatment. Among M2 MoMs, M2 MoMs derived from Ly6C+ monocytes were most effectively regulated by the intravenous administration, not intratracheal administration, of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory classical monocytes may play a role in lung fibrosis in human IPF and BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Intravenous rather than intratracheal administration of MSCs may ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting monocyte differentiation into M2 macrophages.
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15
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Adv Respir Med 2023; 91:26-48. [PMID: 36825939 PMCID: PMC9952569 DOI: 10.3390/arm91010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory system is a well-organized multicellular organ, and disruption of cellular homeostasis or abnormal tissue repair caused by genetic deficiency and exposure to risk factors lead to life-threatening pulmonary disease including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although there is no clear etiology as the name reflected, its pathological progress is closely related to uncoordinated cellular and molecular signals. Here, we review the advances in our understanding of the role of lung tissue cells in IPF pathology including epithelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. These advances summarize the role of various cell components and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is helpful to further study the pathological mechanism of the disease, provide new opportunities for disease prevention and treatment, and is expected to improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients.
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Chen H, Luo Y, Zhu Y, Ye Y, Chen D, Song X, Xiao Z, Liu M, Li S. Enhanced secretion of hepatocyte growth factor in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1070736. [PMID: 36726784 PMCID: PMC9885268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1070736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) are a reportedly promising choice in the treatment of irreversible pulmonary fibrosis and lethal interstitial lung disease with limited drug treatment options. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of UCMSCs overexpressing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is considered one of the main anti-fibrotic factors secreted by MSCs. Adenovirus vector carrying the HGF gene was transfected into UCMSCs to produce HGF-modified UCMSCs (HGF-UCMSCs). Transfection promoted the proliferation of UCMSCs and did not change the morphology, and differentiation ability, or biomarkers. Rats were injected with HGF-UCMSCs on days 7 and 11 after intratracheal administration of bleomycin (10 mg/kg). We performed an analysis of histopathology and lung function to evaluate the anti-fibrotic effect. The results showed that HGF-UCMSCs decreased the Ashcroft scores in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, the percentage positive area in Masson trichrome-stained sections, and the hydroxyproline level in lungs. Forced expiratory volume in the first 300 m/forced vital capacity was also improved by HGF-UCMSCs. To explore the possible therapeutic mechanism of HGF-UCMSCs, we detected inflammatory factors in the lungs and performed mRNA sequencing in UCMSCs and HGF-UCMSCs. The data indicated that inhibition of interleukin-17 in the lung may be related to the anti-fibrosis of HGF-UCMSCs, and overexpressed HGF probably played a primary role in the treatment. Collectively, our study findings suggested that the overexpression of HGF may improve the anti-fibrotic effect of UCMSCs through directly or indirectly interacting with interleukin-17-producing cells in fibrotic lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulong Luo
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshun Ye
- Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Difei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhulin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Shiyue Li,
| | - Shiyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Ming Liu, ; Shiyue Li,
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Pisciotta A, Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Orlandi G, Bertoni L, Pignatti E, Orciani M, Sena P, Bertacchini J, Salvarani C, Carnevale G. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) promote the lipofibroblast transition in the early stage of a fibro-inflammatory process. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196023. [PMID: 37206922 PMCID: PMC10189147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In autoimmune diseases, particularly in systemic sclerosis and chronic periaortitis, a strict correlation between chronic inflammation and fibrosis exists. Since the currently used drugs prove mostly effective in suppressing inflammation, a better comprehension of the molecular mechanisms exerted by cell types implicated in fibro-inflammation is needed to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are being matter of deep investigation to unveil their role in the evolution of fibrogenetic process. Several findings pointed out the controversial implication of MSCs in these events, with reports lining at a beneficial effect exerted by external MSCs and others highlighting a direct contribution of resident MSCs in fibrosis progression. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have demonstrated to hold promise as potential therapeutic tools due to their immunomodulatory properties, which strongly support their contribution to tissue regeneration. Methods: Our present study evaluated hDPSCs response to a fibro-inflammatory microenvironment, mimicked in vitro by a transwell co-culture system with human dermal fibroblasts, at early and late culture passages, in presence of TGF-β1, a master promoter of fibrogenesis. Results and Discussion: We observed that hDPSCs, exposed to acute fibro-inflammatory stimuli, promote a myofibroblast-to-lipofibroblast transition, likely based on BMP2 dependent pathways. Conversely, when a chronic fibro-inflammatory microenvironment is generated, hDPSCs reduce their anti-fibrotic effect and acquire a pro-fibrotic phenotype. These data provide the basis for further investigations on the response of hDPSCs to varying fibro-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pisciotta
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Pisciotta,
| | - Rosanna Di Tinco
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Bertoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Pignatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Rheumatology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Tang Y, Si Y, Liu C, Li C, Qu L, Liu Y, Fu Q, Luo Q. hUMSCs Restore Uterine Function by Inhibiting Endometrial Fibrosis via Regulation of the MMP-9/TIMP-1 Ratio in CDDP-Induced Injury Rats. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:8014052. [PMID: 36994440 PMCID: PMC10042641 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8014052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The fertility of females of childbearing age who are cured of cancer by chemotherapy is gradually declining globally. As a broad-spectrum chemotherapy drug in clinic, the damage of cisplatin (CDDP) to female reproductive function cannot be ignored. At present, the study of CDDP damage to the uterus is not sufficient, and the exact mechanism needs to be further explored. Therefore, we conducted this research to determine whether uterine injury in CDDP-induced injury rats might be improved by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) and to further explore the precise mechanism. The rat model of CDDP-induced injury was established by intraperitoneal injection of CDDP, and hUMSCs were injected into the tail vein 7 days later. In vivo, uterine function in CDDP-induced injury rats was affected after hUMSC transplantation. In vitro, the specific mechanism was further explored from the cell and protein levels. Overall, the specific reason of CDDP-induced uterine dysfunction in rats was endometrial fibrosis, which was significantly improved after hUMSC transplantation. Further investigation of the mechanism found that hUMSCs could regulate the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs) after CDDP injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- 1College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Yaru Si
- 2School of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Chengen Liu
- 3Clinical Medical School, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Cui Li
- 4Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, China
| | - Li Qu
- 4Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, China
| | - Ying Liu
- 4Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- 2School of Pharmacology, Institute of Aging Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- 5Shandong Cellogene Medicine Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- 1College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
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Guilherme RF, Silva JBN, Waclawiack I, Fraga-Junior VS, Nogueira TO, Pecli C, Araújo-Silva CA, Magalhães NS, Lemos FS, Bulant CA, Blanco PJ, Serra R, Svensjö E, Scharfstein J, Moraes JA, Canetti C, Benjamim CF. Pleiotropic antifibrotic actions of aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 in the lungs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:886601. [PMID: 36960058 PMCID: PMC10030054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.886601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis is a destructive, progressive disease that dramatically reduces life quality of patients, ultimately leading to death. Therapeutic regimens for pulmonary fibrosis have shown limited benefits, hence justifying the efforts to evaluate the outcome of alternative treatments. Methods Using a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis, in the current work we asked whether treatment with pro-resolution molecules, such as pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) could ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis. To this end, we injected aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (7S,8R,17R-trihydroxy-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E19Z-docosahexaenoic acid; ATRvD1; i.v.) 7 and 10 days after BLM (intratracheal) challenge and samples were two weeks later. Results and discussion Assessment of outcome in the lung tissues revealed that ATRvD1 partially restored lung architecture, reduced leukocyte infiltration, and inhibited formation of interstitial edema. In addition, lung tissues from BLM-induced mice treated with ATRvD1 displayed reduced levels of TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1-β, and TGF-β. Of further interest, ATRvD1 decreased lung tissue expression of MMP-9, without affecting TIMP-1. Highlighting the beneficial effects of ATRvD1, we found reduced deposition of collagen and fibronectin in the lung tissues. Congruent with the anti-fibrotic effects that ATRvD1 exerted in lung tissues, α-SMA expression was decreased, suggesting that myofibroblast differentiation was inhibited by ATRvD1. Turning to culture systems, we next showed that ATRvD1 impaired TGF-β-induced fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblast. After showing that ATRvD1 hampered extracellular vesicles (EVs) release in the supernatants from TGF-β-stimulated cultures of mouse macrophages, we verified that ATRvD1 also inhibited the release of EVs in the bronco-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of BLM-induced mice. Motivated by studies showing that BLM-induced lung fibrosis is linked to angiogenesis, we asked whether ATRvD1 could blunt BLM-induced angiogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch model (HCP). Indeed, our intravital microscopy studies confirmed that ATRvD1 abrogates BLM-induced angiogenesis. Collectively, our findings suggest that treatment of pulmonary fibrosis patients with ATRvD1 deserves to be explored as a therapeutic option in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael F. Guilherme
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Bruno N.F. Silva
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Imunobiologia e Estudos em Saúde, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Waclawiack
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei S. Fraga-Junior
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís O. Nogueira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cyntia Pecli
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlla A. Araújo-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia S. Magalhães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infecção Hospitalar, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe S. Lemos
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Bulant
- Pladema Institute, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo J. Blanco
- Departamento de Métodos Matemático e Computacional, Laboratório Nacional para Computação Científica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Serra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erik Svensjö
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Júlio Scharfstein
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João A. Moraes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio Canetti
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia F. Benjamim
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Claudia F. Benjamim,
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Sayari M, Dab H, Tlili M, Zourgui L, Khabir A. Effects of
Lupinus luteus
on hepatic and renal extracellular compounds turnover under diabetes in rat. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:1718-1727. [PMID: 37051364 PMCID: PMC10084962 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic and renal extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover associated with diabetes and potential beneficial effects of yellow lupin extract (YLE) need further investigations. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of yellow Lupinus luteus extract (YLE) on renal and hepatic ECM under diabetes. Composition of YLE performed by LC-ESI-MS. Diabetes (DM) was induced in rats by alloxan (250 mg/kg, ip). Normal and diabetic rats received 100 mg/kg of YLE for 1 month. ECM was assessed by ELISA. Gelatinases and collagenases were analyzed by a colorimetric assay. Histology was performed on sections of liver and kidney. In the liver, diabetes increases collagen, laminin, and fibronectin contents, respectively, by 49% (p < .01), 56% (p < .01), and 67% (p < .05) compared to control rats. In the kidney, total collagen and laminin contents were increased by 91% (p < .01) and 35% (p < .01) in the DM group, while fibronectin content in diabetic animals and those treated with YLE remains similar to the control group. Collagenases and gelatinases activities were significantly increased by diabetes in liver and kidney. While YLE treatment abrogates diabetes-enhanced MMPs activities in liver. In diabetic rats, the liver shows signs of diffuse dilatation of the sinusoid veins and steatosis. However, the liver of diabetic rats treated with yellow lupine extract showed a normal histological aspect similar to controls. Diabetes causes hepatic and renal ECM turnover. YLE can be useful to partially improve tissue disorders induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sayari
- Laboratory of Biodiversity Molecules, Applications, (LR22ES02) Higher Institute of Applied Biology Medenine, University of Gabes Medenine Tunisia
| | - Houcine Dab
- Laboratory of Biodiversity Molecules, Applications, (LR22ES02) Higher Institute of Applied Biology Medenine, University of Gabes Medenine Tunisia
| | - Mounira Tlili
- Laboratory of integrative Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte University of Carthage Bizerte Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Laboratory of Biodiversity Molecules, Applications, (LR22ES02) Higher Institute of Applied Biology Medenine, University of Gabes Medenine Tunisia
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21
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Fikry H, Saleh LA, Gawad SA. Therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) compared to pirfenidone on corticosteroid resistance in a mouse model of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Histol Histopathol 2022; 37:1065-1083. [PMID: 35816024 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute exacerbation-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is a life-threatening condition. In the treatment of AE-IPF, corticosteroid medication is commonly utilized. However, there is insufficient evidence to justify its usage. Pirfenidone (PFD) has recently been discovered to be effective in the treatment of AE-IPF patients. However, regenerative therapy, such as stem cell therapy or tissue engineering, is necessary due to ineffective and limited therapies. Combining MSC transplantation with pharmacological therapy may also give additional benefits; nevertheless, its use must be proven experimentally. As a result, the goal of this study was to assess the therapeutic effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) on corticosteroid resistance in an animal model of AE-IPF caused by bleomycin compared to PFD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into seven groups, control, BLM, methylprednisolone (MP), PFD, AD-MSCs, PFD +MP, and AD-MSCs +MP. RESULTS In terms of survival, collagen deposition, the acute lung injury score (ALI), and the Ashcroft score, AD-MSCs exceeded PFD. AD-MSCs + MP provided protection and preserved the lung's architecture in BLM-induced AE. In addition, AD-MSCs successfully decreased chemokine (CC motif) ligand-2 (CCL2) positive cells and lower pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS AD-MSCs enhanced histological structure, Ashcroft and ALI scores, lung collagen deposition, survival, and cytokines in an animal model of AE-IPF. As a result, we believe that AD-MSCs may be more therapeutically helpful for AE-IPF than presently available therapies, either alone or in conjunction with MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Fikry
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Abdel Gawad
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and relentlessly progressive interstitial lung disease in which the accumulation of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM) induces the destruction of normal alveolar structures, ultimately leading to respiratory failure. Patients with advanced PF are unable to perform physical labor and often have concomitant cough and dyspnea, which markedly impair their quality of life. However, there is a paucity of available pharmacological therapies, and to date, lung transplantation remains the only possible treatment for patients suffering from end-stage PF; moreover, the complexity of transplantation surgery and the paucity of donors greatly restrict the application of this treatment. Therefore, there is a pressing need for alternative therapeutic strategies for this complex disease. Due to their capacity for pluripotency and paracrine actions, stem cells are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of interstitial lung disease, and an extensive body of literature supports the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in lung fibrosis. Although stem cell transplantation may play an important role in the treatment of PF, some key issues, such as safety and therapeutic efficacy, remain to be resolved. In this review, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical studies on the stem cell-mediated regeneration of fibrotic lungs and present an analysis of concerning issues related to stem cell therapy to guide therapeutic development for this complex disease.
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23
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Hoang DM, Pham PT, Bach TQ, Ngo ATL, Nguyen QT, Phan TTK, Nguyen GH, Le PTT, Hoang VT, Forsyth NR, Heke M, Nguyen LT. Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:272. [PMID: 35933430 PMCID: PMC9357075 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc M Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phuong T Pham
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung Q Bach
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh T L Ngo
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyen T Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang T K Phan
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang H Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T T Le
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nicholas R Forsyth
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
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24
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Lv Z, Dong C, Zhang T, Zhang S. Hydrogels in Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:931800. [PMID: 35800332 PMCID: PMC9253563 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.931800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic accidents and falling objects are responsible for most spinal cord injuries (SCIs). SCI is characterized by high disability and tends to occur among the young, seriously affecting patients' lives and quality of life. The key aims of repairing SCI include preventing secondary nerve injury, inhibiting glial scarring and inflammatory response, and promoting nerve regeneration. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and degradability, low immunogenicity, and easy-to-adjust mechanical properties. While providing structural scaffolds for tissues, hydrogels can also be used as slow-release carriers in neural tissue engineering to promote cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, as well as accelerate the repair of damaged tissue. This review discusses the characteristics of hydrogels and their advantages as delivery vehicles, as well as expounds on the progress made in hydrogel therapy (alone or combined with cells and molecules) to repair SCI. In addition, we discuss the prospects of hydrogels in clinical research and provide new ideas for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshan Lv
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Medical Insurance Management Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
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25
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Fu YS, Chen PR, Yeh CC, Pan JY, Kuo WC, Tseng KW. Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cell Xenografts Repair UV-Induced Photokeratitis in a Rat Model. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051125. [PMID: 35625862 PMCID: PMC9138504 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with a corneal injury are administered anti-inflammatory medications and antibiotics, but no other treatments are currently available. Thus, the corneal injury healing is unsatisfactory, affects the vision, and has a risk of blindness in severe cases. Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells exhibit pluripotent and anti-inflammatory properties and do not cause immunological rejection in the host. Rats were irradiated with type B ultraviolet (UVB) light to generate a stable animal model of photokeratitis. After irradiation-induced photokeratitis, human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells were implanted into the subconjunctival space of the lateral sclera, and the changes in the corneal pathology were evaluated. Three weeks after implantation, many mesenchymal stem cells were visible in the subconjunctival space. These mesenchymal stem cells effectively reduced the extent of injury to the adjacent corneal tissue. They accelerated the epithelial layer repair, reduced the inflammatory response and neovascularization, and improved the disorganization of collagen and fibronectin in the corneal stroma caused by the injury. In conclusion, xenografted human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells can survive in rat eye tissues for a long time, effectively support the structural integrity of injured corneal tissues, restore corneal permeability, and reduce abnormal neovascularization. This study provides a new approach to the treatment of photokeratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Show Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Ru Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Ching Yeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Yu Pan
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chuan Kuo
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (W.-C.K.); (K.-W.T.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7000 (ext. 7950) (W.-C.K.); +886-2-2636-0303 (ext. 1227) (K.-W.T.)
| | - Kuang-Wen Tseng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 252, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-C.K.); (K.-W.T.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7000 (ext. 7950) (W.-C.K.); +886-2-2636-0303 (ext. 1227) (K.-W.T.)
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26
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Yang S, Liu P, Gao T, Song D, Zhao X, Li Y, Wu J, Wang L, Wang Z, Hao J, Wang C, Dai H. Every road leads to Rome: therapeutic effect and mechanism of the extracellular vesicles of human embryonic stem cell-derived immune and matrix regulatory cells administered to mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis through different routes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:163. [PMID: 35413874 PMCID: PMC9006546 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02839-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. Whether extracellular vesicles are effective in treating IPF and what is the optimal administrative route is not clear. Our previous studies have shown that immunity and matrix regulatory cells (IMRCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells can safely treat lung injury and fibrosis in mouse models, and its mechanism of action is related to the paracrine effect. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of IMRC-derived extracellular vesicles (IMRC-EVs) on a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model and explored the optimal route of administration. Methods To study the biodistribution of IMRC-EVs after administration via different routes, NIR labeled-IMRC-EVs were delivered by intratracheal (IT) or intravenous (IV) route, and in vivo imaging was acquired at different time points. The therapeutic effects of IMRC-EVs delivered by different routes were analyzed by assessing histology, lung function, cytokines levels, and transcriptome profiling. RNA-seq of lung tissues was performed to investigate the mechanisms of EV treatment through IT or IV administrations. Results IMRC-EVs mainly reserved in the liver and spleen when administrated via IV route; and mainly retained in the lungs via the IT route. IMRC-EVs administrated via both routes demonstrated a therapeutic effect as attenuated pulmonary fibrosis, improved lung function, and histological parameters. Based on our RNA-seq results, different pathways may be affected by IMRC-EVs administrated via IT or IV routes. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that IMRC-EVs inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-β. Conclusion IMRC-EVs administrated via IT or IV routes generate different biodistributions, but are both effective for the treatment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The therapeutic mechanisms of IMRC-EVs administrated via different routes may be different. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02839-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yang
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dingyun Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun Wu
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liu Wang
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zai Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jie Hao
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China. .,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China. .,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
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27
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Xenograft of Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Recovery from Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063149. [PMID: 35328574 PMCID: PMC8953545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability. In our previous study, transplantation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in Wharton’s jelly in the acute phase of ischemic stroke promotes recovery in rats. Unfortunately, there is no cure for chronic stroke. Patients with chronic stroke can only be treated with rehabilitation or supportive interventions. This study aimed to investigate the potential of xenograft of HUMSCs for treating chronic stroke in rats. Rats were subjected to 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion and then reperfusion to mimic ischemic cerebral stroke. On day 14 following stroke, HUMSCs were transplanted into the damaged cerebral cortex. The motor function in rats of the Stroke + HUMSCs group exhibited significant improvement compared to that of the Stroke + Saline group, and the trend persisted until day 56 post stroke. The cerebral cortex changes were tracked using magnetic resonance imaging, showing that cerebral atrophy was found starting on day 7 and was reduced significantly in rats receiving HUMSCs compared to that in the Stroke + Saline group from day 21 to day 56. HUMSCs were found to be existed in the rats’ cerebral cortex on day 56, with signs of migration. The grafted HUMSCs did not differentiate into neurons or astrocytes and may release cytokines to improve neuroprotection, decrease inflammation and increase angiogenesis. Our results demonstrate that xeno-transplantation of HUMSCs has therapeutic benefits for chronic ischemic stroke. Most importantly, patients do not need to use their own HUMSCs, which is a gospel thing for clinical patients.
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Targeting HMGB1 for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:520-528. [PMID: 34040166 PMCID: PMC8888646 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is present in almost all cells and regulates the activity of innate immune responses in both intracellular and extracellular settings. Current evidence suggests that HMGB1 plays a pivotal role in human pathological and pathophysiological processes such as the inflammatory response, immune reactions, cell migration, aging, and cell death. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that occurs in hosts in response to microbial infections with a proven or suspected infectious etiology and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units worldwide, particularly in the aging population. Dysregulated systemic inflammation is a classic characteristic of sepsis, and suppression of HMGB1 may ameliorate inflammation and improve patient outcomes. Here, we focus on the latest breakthroughs regarding the roles of HMGB1 in sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury, the ways by which HMGB1 are released, and the signaling pathways and therapeutics associated with HMGB1. This review highlights recent advances related to HMGB1: the regulation of HMBG1 might be helpful for both basic research and drug development for the treatment of sepsis and sepsis-related organ injury.
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Liu H, Liu S, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Zhao J, Xu J, Xie Y, Liao W, Wang W, Nie Y, Li S, Deng W. CoQ10 enhances the efficacy of airway basal stem cell transplantation on bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Respir Res 2022; 23:39. [PMID: 35219329 PMCID: PMC8882301 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-01964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have demonstrated that airway basal stem cells (BCs) transplantation can ameliorate bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) through lung regeneration promotion. However, BCs under oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment are poor in survival, causing unsatisfied efficacy of BCs transplantation. In this study, we investigated whether Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) counteracts oxidative stress in the alveolar microenvironment, thus improved the efficacy of BCs transplantation for IPF treatment. Methods The protective effects of CoQ10 on H2O2-induced BCs apoptosis and cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were tested by flow cytometry in vitro. The therapeutic effects of BCs combined with CoQ10 were compared to a single BCs transplantation protocol in IPF treatment after 2 weeks and were evaluated by parameters including changes of body weight and survival rate, as well as various levels of pulmonary inflammation, α-SMA expression and hydroxyproline (HYP) in IPF mouse lung tissues. Results CoQ10 preincubation with BCs (10 mM, 24 h) significantly reduced the late apoptosis of BCs and the number of oxidative stressful BCs as a result of H2O2 stimulation (1 mM, 6 h) in vitro. IPF mouse model was constructed through bleomycin (5 mg/kg) intratracheal instillation. Bleomycin-induced IPF mice showed weight loss continuously and mortality increased progressively during modeling. Serious pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fiber proliferation, and collagen protein deposition were observed in lung tissues of IPF mice. Though BCs transplantation alone improved indicators above in bleomycin-induced IPF mice to some extent, the combination with CoQ10 improved the transplantation efficacy and obtained better therapeutic effects. Conclusion CoQ10 blocked H2O2-induced apoptosis of BCs and ROS production in vitro, and enhanced the efficacy of BCs transplantation against bleomycin-induced IPF in mice.
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Saleh M, Fotook Kiaei SZ, Kavianpour M. Application of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:71. [PMID: 35168663 PMCID: PMC8845364 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating disease that eventually leads to death and respiratory failure. Despite the wide range of drugs, including corticosteroids, endothelin antagonist, and pirfenidone, there is no effective treatment, and the only main goal of treatment is to alleviate the symptoms as much as possible to slow down the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life. Lung transplantation may be a treatment option for a few people if pulmonary fibrosis develops and there is no established treatment. Pulmonary fibrosis caused by the COVID19 virus is another problem that we face in most patients despite the efforts of the international medical communities. Therefore, achieving alternative treatment for patients is a great success. Today, basic research using stem cells on pulmonary fibrosis has published promising results. New stem cell-based therapies can be helpful in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells are easily isolated in large quantities and made available for clinical trials without causing ethical problems. These cells have higher flexibility and proliferation potential than other cells isolated from different sources and differentiated into various cells in laboratory environments. More clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these cells. This study will investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms and possible effects of Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Saleh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Fotook Kiaei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Kavianpour
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dab H, Chehidi A, Tlili M, Ben Saad A, Khabir A, Zourgui L. Cardiac extracellular matrix modulation in a rat-diabetic model: biochemical and anti-oxidant beneficial effect of pomegranate ( Punica granatum) peel extract. Biomarkers 2021; 27:50-59. [PMID: 34766858 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2006312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Disorders associated with diabetes and the beneficial effects of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) were widely reported. However effect of diabetes and PPE on extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling needs further investigation. OBJECTIVES The focus of this study was to investigate the involvement of diabetes in cardiac ECM and the beneficial effects of PPE. METHODS Diabetes was induced by alloxan. PPE group was injected with 100 mg/kg of PPE. The phenolic profile of PPE was analyzed by HPLC. ECM was detected by ELISA. MMP-1, -8, -13 were determined by a colorimetric assay. RESULTS Compared to control fibronectin and laminin plasma content was higher respectively by 69% and 42% (p < 0.05) in diabetes. LV content of hydroxyproline and total collagen was higher by 195% (p < 0.01) and 56% (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group compared to control and restored at a similar level to controls in the PPE group. Compared to control, collagenase activity was significantly reduced by 32% (p < 0.05) and 35% (p < 0.05) respectively in ALX and PPF groups. There is no significant difference in collagenase activities in diabetic rats after and before PPE injection. CONCLUSION Diabetes is involved in cardiac ECM remodelling which can be improved by PPE. These findings will be useful for more understanding diabetes-induced cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcine Dab
- Research Unit of "Valorization of Active Biomolecules", Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Amel Chehidi
- Research Unit of "Valorization of Active Biomolecules", Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Mounira Tlili
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Anwar Ben Saad
- Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Research of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmajid Khabir
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Research Unit of "Valorization of Active Biomolecules", Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Progress and Opportunity. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100796. [PMID: 34677562 PMCID: PMC8540094 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by mass neuronal and synaptic loss and, currently, there are no successful curative therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging approach to intercellular communication via transferring cellular materials such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs from parental cells to recipient cells, leading to the reprogramming of the molecular machinery. Numerous studies have suggested the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of AD, based on the neuroprotective, regenerative and immunomodulatory effects as effective as MSCs. In this review, we focus on the biology and function of EVs, the potential of MSC-derived EVs for AD therapy in preclinical and clinical studies, as well as the potent mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs actions. Finally, we highlight the modification strategies and diagnosis utilities in order to make advance in this field.
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Duan JX, Guan XX, Yang HH, Mei WX, Chen P, Tao JH, Li Q, Zhou Y. Vasoactive intestinal peptide attenuates bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Restoring autophagy in alveolar epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108211. [PMID: 34634687 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an intrapulmonary neuropeptide with multi-function, including anti-fibrosis. However, the exact role of VIP in pulmonary fibrosis has not been documented. Here, we investigated the protective effect of VIP against pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model induced by bleomycin (BLM). We found that the overexpression of VIP mediated by the adenoviral vector significantly attenuated the lung tissue destruction, reduced the deposition of the extracellular matrix, and inhibited the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the lungs of mice received BLM. Mechanismly, we found that VIP significantly suppressed the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibited the matrix-producing ability of alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, we found that TGF-β1 depressed the autophagy and an autophagy inductor partly reversed the TGF-β1-induced EMT in alveolar epithelial cells. The impaired autophagy was also observed in the lungs of BLM-treated mice, which was restored by VIP treatment. And VIP treatment enhanced autophagy in TGF-β1-stimulated alveolar epithelial cells, contributing to its anti-EMT effect. In summary, our data, for the first time, show that VIP attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice with anti-EMT effect through restoring autophagy in alveolar epithelial cells. This study provides a possibility that inhaled long-acting VIP may be an anti-fibrotic drug in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xin-Xin Guan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Mei
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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Zhao Y, Yan Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Shi J, Li J, Ji F. Effectivity of mesenchymal stem cells for bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and implication for clinical application. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:470. [PMID: 34420515 PMCID: PMC8380478 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrotic interstitial disease of the lung with poor prognosis and without effective treatment currently. Data from previous coronavirus infections, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, as well as current clinical evidence from the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), support that SARS-CoV-2 infection may lead to PF, seriously impacting patient prognosis and quality of life. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment of PF will improve patient prognosis and reduce the overall social and economic burdens. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have many great advantages, including migration to damaged lung tissue and secretion of various paracrine factors, thereby regulating the permeability of endothelial and epithelial cells, reducing inflammatory response, promoting tissue repair and inhibiting bacterial growth. Clinical trials of MSCs for the treatment of acute lung injury, PF and severe and critically ill COVID-19 are ongoing. The purpose of this study is to systematically review preclinical studies, explored the effectiveness of MSCs in the treatment of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis and analyze the potential mechanism, combined with clinical trials of current MSCs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and COVID-19, so as to provide support for clinical research and transformation of MSCs. Searching PubMed and Embase (- 2021.4) identified a total of 36 preclinical studies of MSCs as treatment of BLM-induced acute lung injury and PF in rodent models. Most of the studies showed the MSCs treatment to reduce BLM-induced lung tissue inflammatory response, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine expression, extracellular matrix production and collagen deposition, and to improve Ashcroft score. The results of present studies indicate that MSCs may serve as a potential therapeutic modality for the treatment of PF, including viral-induced PF and IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Ying Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Respiratory, The Hospital Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jingtao Li
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Hospital Affiliated to Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Fanpu Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China. .,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related To Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China.
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Characterization of Osteogenesis and Chondrogenesis of Human Decellularized Allogeneic Bone with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Wharton's Jelly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168987. [PMID: 34445692 PMCID: PMC8396436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic bone grafts are a promising material for bone implantation due to reduced operative trauma, reduced blood loss, and no donor-site morbidity. Although human decellularized allogeneic bone (hDCB) can be used to fill bone defects, the research of revitalizing hDCB blocks with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for osteochondral regeneration is missing. The hMSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and Wharton’s jelly (BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs, respectively) are potential candidates for bone regeneration. This study characterized the potential of hDCB as a scaffold for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of BMMSCs, ADMSCs, and UMSCs. The pore sizes and mechanical strength of hDCB were characterized. Cell survival and adhesion of hMSCs were investigated using MTT assay and F-actin staining. Alizarin Red S and Safranin O staining were conducted to demonstrate calcium deposition and proteoglycan production of hMSCs after osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, respectively. A RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the expression levels of osteogenic and chondrogenic markers in hMSCs. Results indicated that BMMSCs and ADMSCs exhibited higher osteogenic potential than UMSCs. Furthermore, ADMSCs and UMSCs had higher chondrogenic potential than BMMSCs. This study demonstrated that chondrogenic ADMSCs- or UMSCs-seeded hDCB might be potential osteochondral constructs for osteochondral regeneration.
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Zhang E, Geng X, Shan S, Li P, Li S, Li W, Yu M, Peng C, Wang S, Shao H, Du Z. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition potentially via attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling to alleviate silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:655-666. [PMID: 34225584 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1950250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica dust is an irreversible, chronic, and fibroproliferative lung disease with no effective treatment at present. BMSCs-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exo) possess similar functions to their parent cells. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism for BMSCs-Exo in the treatment of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The rat model of experimental silicosis pulmonary fibrosis was induced with 1.0 mL of one-off infusing silica suspension using the non-exposed intratracheal instillation (50 mg/mL/rat). In vivo transplantation of BMSCs-Exo effectively alleviated silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, including a reduction in collagen accumulation, inhibition of TGF-β1, and decreased HYP content. Treatment of BMSCs-Exo increased the expression of epithelial marker proteins including E-cadherin (E-cad) and cytokeratin19 (CK19) and reduced the expression of fibrosis marker proteins including α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) after exposure to silica suspension. Furthermore, we found that BMSCs-Exo inhibited the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components (P-GSK3β, β-catenin, Cyclin D1) in pulmonary fibrosis tissue. BMSCs-Exo is involved in the alleviation of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the level of profibrotic factor TGF-β1 and inhibiting the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway closely related to EMT may be one of the mechanisms involved in anti-fibrotic effects of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enguo Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Shan
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumin Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Yu
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjun Du
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells Enhance Healing in a Rat Model of Esophageal Injury with Stent. J Surg Res 2021; 267:458-466. [PMID: 34243035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells have been proven to promote cellular recruitment and remodeling during healing. Considering challenges encountered in the healing process of esophageal injury, we sought to evaluate the effect of human adipose derived stem cells (hASC) on esophageal injury with stent and to assess the feasibility of submucosal hASC injection as a mechanism of delivery. METHODS An intrabdominal esophagotomy was created in rodents with placement of an expandable fully covered metal esophageal stent. A submucosal injection of 2 × 106 hASC was delivered in experimental animals. Animals were sacrificed on postoperative day 3 (POD3) or 7 (POD7). Macroscopic, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to assess for markers of healing and viability of transplanted cells. RESULTS hASC were identified within submucosal and muscular layers with proliferation demonstrated in respective areas on anti-Ki67 stained sections. Lower adhesion and abscess scores were observed in hASC specimens without significant statistical difference. Prevalence of submucosal collagen was increased in samples treated with hASC compared to control, with abundant collagen deposition demonstrated within the POD7 group. Granulation tissue at the site of esophageal injury was more prominent in tissue sections treated with hASC compared to control, with significantly higher density at POD3 (control 1.94 versus hASC 2.83, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Presence of hASC at the site of an esophageal injury may enhance wound healing predominantly through increased granulation and decreased inflammation in conjunction with esophageal stent placement. Targeted submucosal injection at the time of esophageal stent placement is an effective delivery method of hASC therapy.
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Wang W, Lei W, Jiang L, Gao S, Hu S, Zhao ZG, Niu CY, Zhao ZA. Therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome reveal potentials for Covid-19 treatment. J Transl Med 2021; 19:198. [PMID: 33971907 PMCID: PMC8107778 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality rate of critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is 30.9% to 46.1%. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has become a global issue with raising dire concerns. Patients with severe Covid-19 may progress toward ARDS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue and so on. The easy accessibility and low immunogenicity enable MSCs for allogeneic administration, and thus they were widely used in animal and clinical studies. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell infusion can ameliorate ARDS. However, the underlying mechanisms of MSCs need to be discussed. Recent studies showed MSCs can modulate immune/inflammatory cells, attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis. The paracrine cytokines and exosomes may account for these beneficial effects. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs in ARDS, analyzed the most recent animal experiments and Covid-19 clinical trial results, discussed the adverse effects and prospects in the recent studies, and highlight the potential roles of MSC therapy for Covid-19 patients with ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Wang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, 11 Diamond South-road, Keji Building, Room 213, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathophysiology of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Jiang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, 11 Diamond South-road, Keji Building, Room 213, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Siqi Gao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, 11 Diamond South-road, Keji Building, Room 213, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathophysiology of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Gang Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, 11 Diamond South-road, Keji Building, Room 213, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Chun-Yu Niu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhen-Ao Zhao
- Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, 11 Diamond South-road, Keji Building, Room 213, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China. .,Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and Intervention, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China. .,Pathophysiology Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
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Qiu F, Zhang L, Zheng J, Cao L, Zhang Z, Deng Y. [Amentoflavone inhibits M1 polarization of THP-1-derived foam cells by activating PPAR- α/ γ]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:344-351. [PMID: 33849824 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.03.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which amentoflavone inhibits polarization of THP-1-derived foam cells to M1 phenotype. OBJECTIVE Human monocyte cell line THP-1 was stimulated to differentiate into M1-type macrophages using phorbol 12-myrislate13-acetate (PMA) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and recombinant human interferon-γ (rhlFN-γ). M1 polarization of THP-1-derived macrophages was confirmed by observing morphological changes of the cells and detecting the mRNA expression of L-6 and TNF-α with RT-qPCR. THP-1-derived foam cells treated with 5 or 10 μmol/L amentoflavone for 24 h were examined for cytokines using ELISA. The mRNA and protein expressions of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGF-β, PPAR-α/γ, Arg-1 and Fizz1 in the cells were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. OBJECTIVE Amentoflavone prevented induced M1 polarization of THP-1 cells. Amentoflavone down-regulated the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α, up-regulated mRNA expressions of IL-8 and TGF-β mRNA (P < 0.05), and increased the protein expressions of PPAR-α/γ, Arg-1 and Fizz1. Molecular docking simulation showed that amentoflavone could bind to the surface of PPARα/γ. OBJECTIVE Amentoflavone can inhibit the differentiation of macrophages into M1 type by activating PPAR-α/γ and restoring the expressions of the gene Arg-1 and Fizz1.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528244, China
| | - L Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528244, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528244, China
| | - Y Deng
- Department of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Yang S, Liu P, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Dai H, Wang C. Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639657. [PMID: 33768094 PMCID: PMC7985078 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone and nintedanib are the only drugs that can prolong the time to disease progression, slow down the decline in lung function, and prolong survival. However, they do not offer a cure and are associated with tolerability issues. The pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their ability to regulate immunity, inhibit inflammation, and promote epithelial tissue repair highlight the promise of MSC therapy for treating interstitial lung disease. However, optimal protocols are lacking for multi-parameter selection in MSC therapy. This review summarizes preclinical studies on MSC transplantation for the treatment of interstitial lung disease and clinical studies with known results. An analysis of relevant factors for the optimization of treatment plans is presented, including MSCs with different sources, administration routes and timing, dosages, frequencies, and pretreatments with MSCs. This review proposes an optimized plan for guiding the design of future clinical research to identify therapeutic options for this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China.,Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yale Jiang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zai Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Cessation and Respiratory Diseases Prevention, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Periera-Simon S, Xia X, Catanuto P, Coronado R, Kurtzberg J, Bellio M, Lee YS, Khan A, Smith R, Elliot SJ, Glassberg MK. Anti-fibrotic effects of different sources of MSC in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in C57BL6 male mice. Respirology 2021; 26:161-170. [PMID: 32851725 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE IPF is a fatal and debilitating lung disorder increasing in incidence worldwide. To date, two approved treatments only slow disease progression, have multiple side effects and do not provide a cure. MSC have promising therapeutic potential as a cell-based therapy for many lung disorders based on the anti-fibrotic properties of the MSC. METHODS Critical questions remain surrounding the optimal source, timing and efficacy of cell-based therapies. The present study examines the most effective sources of MSC. Human MSC were derived from adipose, WJ, chorionic membrane (CSC) and chorionic villi (CVC). MSC were injected into the ageing mouse model of BLM-induced lung fibrosis. RESULTS All sources decreased Aschroft and hydroxyproline levels when injected into BLM-treated mice at day 10 with the exception of CSC cells that did not change hydroxyproline levels. There were also decreases in mRNA expression of αv -integrin and TNFα in all sources except CSC. Only ASC- and WJ-derived cells reduced AKT and MMP-2 activation, while Cav-1 was increased by ASC treatment as previously reported. BLM-induced miR dysregulation of miR-29 and miR-199 was restored only by ASC treatment. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that sources of MSC may differ in the pathway(s) involved in repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Periera-Simon
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Xiaomei Xia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paola Catanuto
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures at Duke, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Bellio
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yee-Shuan Lee
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aisha Khan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Robin Smith
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sharon J Elliot
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marilyn K Glassberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona School of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Papait A, Cargnoni A, Sheleg M, Silini AR, Kunis G, Ofir R, Parolini O. Perinatal Cells: A Promising COVID-19 Therapy? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:619980. [PMID: 33520970 PMCID: PMC7841388 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.619980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a priority in the health systems of all nations worldwide. In fact, there are currently no specific drugs or preventive treatments such as vaccines. The numerous therapies available today aim to counteract the symptoms caused by the viral infection that in some subjects can evolve causing acute respiratory distress syndromes (ARDS) with consequent admission to intensive care unit. The exacerbated response of the immune system, through cytokine storm, causes extensive damage to the lung tissue, with the formation of edema, fibrotic tissues and susceptibility to opportunistic infections. The inflammatory picture is also aggravated by disseminated intravascular coagulation which worsens the damage not only to the respiratory system, but also to other organs. In this context, perinatal cells represent a valid strategy thanks to their strong immunomodulatory potential, their safety profile, the ability to reduce fibrosis and stimulate reparative processes. Furthermore, perinatal cells exert antibacterial and antiviral actions. This review therefore provides an overview of the characteristics of perinatal cells with a particular focus on the beneficial effects that they could have in patients with COVID-19, and more specifically for their potential use in the treatment of ARDS and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Papait
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Antonietta R. Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza-Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Hou J, Ji Q, Ji J, Ju S, Xu C, Yong X, Xu X, Muddassir M, Chen X, Xie J, Han X. Co-delivery of siPTPN13 and siNOX4 via (myo)fibroblast-targeting polymeric micelles for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3244-3261. [PMID: 33537085 PMCID: PMC7847691 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: (Myo)fibroblasts are the ultimate effector cells responsible for the production of collagen within alveolar structures, a core phenomenon in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although (myo)fibroblast-targeted therapy holds great promise for suppressing the progression of IPF, its development is hindered by the limited drug delivery efficacy to (myo)fibroblasts and the vicious circle of (myo)fibroblast activation and evasion of apoptosis. Methods: Here, a dual small interfering RNA (siRNA)-loaded delivery system of polymeric micelles is developed to suppress the development of pulmonary fibrosis via a two-arm mechanism. The micelles are endowed with (myo)fibroblast-targeting ability by modifying the Fab' fragment of the anti-platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα) antibody onto their surface. Two different sequences of siRNA targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase-N13 (PTPN13, a promoter of the resistance of (myo)fibroblasts to Fas-induced apoptosis) and NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4, a key regulator for (myo)fibroblast differentiation and activation) are loaded into micelles to inhibit the formation of fibroblastic foci. Results: We demonstrate that Fab'-conjugated dual siRNA-micelles exhibit higher affinity to (myo)fibroblasts in fibrotic lung tissue. This Fab'-conjugated dual siRNA-micelle can achieve remarkable antifibrotic effects on the formation of fibroblastic foci by, on the one hand, suppressing (myo)fibroblast activation via siRNA-induced knockdown of NOX4 and, on the other hand, sensitizing (myo)fibroblasts to Fas-induced apoptosis by siRNA-mediated PTPN13 silencing. In addition, this (myo)fibroblast-targeting siRNA-loaded micelle did not induce significant damage to major organs, and no histopathological abnormities were observed in murine models. Conclusion: The (myo)fibroblast-targeting dual siRNA-loaded micelles offer a potential strategy with promising prospects in molecular-targeted fibrosis therapy.
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Pan T, Zhou Q, Miao K, Zhang L, Wu G, Yu J, Xu Y, Xiong W, Li Y, Wang Y. Suppressing Sart1 to modulate macrophage polarization by siRNA-loaded liposomes: a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1192-1206. [PMID: 33391530 PMCID: PMC7738894 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and diffuse form of interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology with a fatal outcome. Although various strategies for IPF have been developed over the last few decades, no significant positive impact on the prognosis of IPF has been observed. According to the current paradigm, macrophages have been recognized to play a significant role in IPF pathogenesis. Here, we report a potential nanomedicine-based gene therapy for IPF based on regulate macrophage polarization. Method: C57BL/6 mice were obtained and used to establish a bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis animal model, and Sart1 siRNA-loaded liposomes were designed for in vivo experiment. The experimental animals were administered BLM intratracheally on day 0 and treated with Sart1 siRNA on days 14 and 17. In the in vitro experiment, we further examined the function of Sart1 in macrophages. Results: Our data indicated that the liposomes could passively target the fibrotic area in the lung and efficiently accumulate in macrophages. The suppression of Sart1 by siRNA-loaded liposomes significantly protected mice against BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis, which was attributed to attenuated M2 macrophage infiltration in the lung. Conclusion: Our study provides a valuable reference for modulating macrophage polarization and a promising strategy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in clinical settings.
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Chu KA, Yeh CC, Kuo FH, Lin WR, Hsu CW, Chen TH, Fu YS. Comparison of reversal of rat pulmonary fibrosis of nintedanib, pirfenidone, and human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:513. [PMID: 33256831 PMCID: PMC7702727 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study compared the effects of antifibrotic medications, pirfenidone, and nintedanib, with transplantation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in restoring rat pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Methods A stable animal model was established via an intratracheal injection of 5 mg bleomycin (BLM). One single transplantation of 2.5× 107 HUMSCs or initiation of daily oral nintedanib/pirfenidone administration was performed on day 21 following BLM damage. Results Pulmonary function examination revealed that BLM rats exhibited a significant decrease in blood oxygen saturation and an increase in respiratory rates. While no significant improvements were found in BLM rats receiving nintedanib or pirfenidone, those who transplanted with HUMSCs showed a statistical amelioration in blood oxygen saturation and significant alleviation in respiratory rates. Quantification results revealed that a significant reduction in alveolar space and marked increases in substantial cell infiltration and collagen deposition in the left lungs of BLM rats. No significant alteration was observed in BLM rats administered nintedanib or pirfenidone. However, BLM rats transplanted with HUMSCs had a significant recovery in alveolar space and noticeable decreases in cell infiltration and collagen deposition. The inflammatory cell numbers in the bronchoalveolar lavage was increased in the BLM group. While the rats treated with nintedanib or pirfenidone had a lower cell number than the BLM group, a higher cell number was found as compared with the Normal group. In rats transplanted with HUMSCs, the cell number did not differ from the Normal group. Conclusions Transplantation of HUMSCs could effectively treat PF as opposed to the administration of anti-fibrotic drugs with nintedanib or pirfenidone with a significant better result in lung volume, pathological changes, lung function, and blood oxygen saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-An Chu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Ching Yeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fu-Hsien Kuo
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ren Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Wei Hsu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tien-Hua Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Show Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nung Street, 112, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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The Therapy of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Paracoccidioidomycosis: What Are the New Experimental Approaches? J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040217. [PMID: 33050568 PMCID: PMC7712212 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is considered the most important sequela developed in patients suffering from the chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which leads to the loss of respiratory function in 50% of cases; this residual pulmonary abnormality is present even after antifungal treatment. To date, there is no effective treatment for PF. However, the use of antifungal drugs in combination with other antibiotics or immunomodulatory compounds, as well as biological therapies that include a monoclonal antibody specific to neutrophils, or prophylactic vaccination employing a recombinant antigen of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis that successfully attenuated PF, has been reported. Additionally, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in combination with antifungal therapy slightly reduced the inflammatory response and profibrotic molecules induced by P. brasiliensis infection. In this review, I report experimental findings from several studies aiming to identify promising therapeutic strategies for treating PF developed in PCM.
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Hsiao CY, Chen TH, Huang BS, Chen PH, Su CH, Shyu JF, Tsai PJ. Comparison between the therapeutic effects of differentiated and undifferentiated Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:139-151. [PMID: 32184938 PMCID: PMC7062039 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of current therapies, including oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin, for controlling the symptoms caused by high blood glucose, it is difficult to cure diabetes mellitus, especially type 1 diabetes mellitus.
AIM Cell therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be a promising option. However, the therapeutic mechanisms by which MSCs exert their effects, such as whether they can differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) before transplantation, are uncertain.
METHODS In this study, we used three types of differentiation media over 10 d to generate IPCs from human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (hWJ-MSCs). We further transplanted the undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs and differentiated IPCs derived from them into the portal vein of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and recorded the physiological and pathological changes.
RESULTS Using fluorescent staining and C-peptide enzyme-linked immunoassay, we were able to successfully induce the differentiation of hWJ-MSCs into IPCs. Transplantation of both IPCs derived from hWJ-MSCs and undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs had the therapeutic effect of ameliorating blood glucose levels and improving intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. The transplanted IPCs homed to the pancreas and functionally survived for at least 8 wk after transplantation, whereas the undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs were able to improve the insulitis and ameliorate the serum inflammatory cytokine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
CONCLUSION Differentiated IPCs can significantly improve blood glucose levels in diabetic rats due to the continuous secretion of insulin by transplanted cells that survive in the islets of diabetic rats. Transplantation of undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs can significantly improve insulitis and re-balance the inflammatory condition in diabetic rats with only a slight improvement in blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hua Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Shian Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsi Su
- Department of Surgery, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jiun Tsai
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Lights and Shadows in the Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lung Inflammation, a Poorly Investigated Topic in Cystic Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010020. [PMID: 31861724 PMCID: PMC7016730 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic stem cells residing in many tissues, including the lung. MSCs have long been regarded as a promising tool for cell-based therapy because of their ability to replace damaged tissue by differentiating into the resident cell and repopulating the injured area. Their ability to release soluble factors and extracellular vesicles has emerged as crucial in the resolution of inflammation and injury. There is a growing literature on the use of MSCs and MSC secretome to hamper inflammation in different lung pathologies, including: asthma, pneumonia, acute lung injury (ALI), pulmonary hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, their potential therapeutic role in the context of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung inflammation is still not fully characterized. CF morbidity and mortality are mainly due to progressive lung dysfunction. Lung inflammation is a chronic and unresolved condition that triggers progressive tissue damage. Thus, it becomes even more important to develop innovative immunomodulatory therapies aside from classic anti-inflammatory agents. Here, we address the main features of CF and the implications in lung inflammation. We then review how MSCs and MSC secretome participate in attenuating inflammation in pulmonary pathologies, emphasizing the significant potential of MSCs as new therapeutic approach in CF.
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