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Anandakrishnan N, Yi Z, Sun Z, Liu T, Haydak J, Eddy S, Jayaraman P, DeFronzo S, Saha A, Sun Q, Yang D, Mendoza A, Mosoyan G, Wen HH, Schaub JA, Fu J, Kehrer T, Menon R, Otto EA, Godfrey B, Suarez-Farinas M, Leffters S, Twumasi A, Meliambro K, Charney AW, García-Sastre A, Campbell KN, Gusella GL, He JC, Miorin L, Nadkarni GN, Wisnivesky J, Li H, Kretzler M, Coca SG, Chan L, Zhang W, Azeloglu EU. Integrated multiomics implicates dysregulation of ECM and cell adhesion pathways as drivers of severe COVID-associated kidney injury. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.18.24304401. [PMID: 38562892 PMCID: PMC10984064 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.24304401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been a significant public health concern for the last four years; however, little is known about the mechanisms that lead to severe COVID-associated kidney injury. In this multicenter study, we combined quantitative deep urinary proteomics and machine learning to predict severe acute outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Using a 10-fold cross-validated random forest algorithm, we identified a set of urinary proteins that demonstrated predictive power for both discovery and validation set with 87% and 79% accuracy, respectively. These predictive urinary biomarkers were recapitulated in non-COVID acute kidney injury revealing overlapping injury mechanisms. We further combined orthogonal multiomics datasets to understand the mechanisms that drive severe COVID-associated kidney injury. Functional overlap and network analysis of urinary proteomics, plasma proteomics and urine sediment single-cell RNA sequencing showed that extracellular matrix and autophagy-associated pathways were uniquely impacted in severe COVID-19. Differentially abundant proteins associated with these pathways exhibited high expression in cells in the juxtamedullary nephron, endothelial cells, and podocytes, indicating that these kidney cell types could be potential targets. Further, single-cell transcriptomic analysis of kidney organoids infected with SARS-CoV-2 revealed dysregulation of extracellular matrix organization in multiple nephron segments, recapitulating the clinically observed fibrotic response across multiomics datasets. Ligand-receptor interaction analysis of the podocyte and tubule organoid clusters showed significant reduction and loss of interaction between integrins and basement membrane receptors in the infected kidney organoids. Collectively, these data suggest that extracellular matrix degradation and adhesion-associated mechanisms could be a main driver of COVID-associated kidney injury and severe outcomes.
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Yang Y, Wen W, Chen FL, Zhang YJ, Liu XC, Yang XY, Hu SS, Jiang Y, Yuan J. Expression and significance of pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in colorectal adenoma and cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:670-686. [PMID: 38577437 PMCID: PMC10989378 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the highest in the world, and its occurrence and development are closely related to tumor neovascularization. When the balance between pigment epithelium-derived factors (PEDF) that inhibit angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) that stimulate angiogenesis is broken, angiogenesis is out of control, resulting in tumor development. Therefore, it is very necessary to find more therapeutic targets for CRC for early intervention and later treatment. AIM To investigate the expression and significance of PEDF, VEGF, and CD31-stained microvessel density values (CD31-MVD) in normal colorectal mucosa, adenoma, and CRC. METHODS In this case-control study, we collected archived wax blocks of specimens from the Digestive Endoscopy Center and the General Surgery Department of Chengdu Second People's Hospital from April 2022 to October 2022. Fifty cases of specimen wax blocks were selected as normal intestinal mucosa confirmed by electronic colonoscopy and concurrent biopsy (normal control group), 50 cases of specimen wax blocks were selected as colorectal adenoma confirmed by electronic colonoscopy and pathological biopsy (adenoma group), and 50 cases of specimen wax blocks were selected as CRC confirmed by postoperative pathological biopsy after inpatient operation of general surgery (CRC group). An immunohistochemical staining experiment was carried out to detect PEDF and VEGF expression in three groups of specimens, analyze their differences, study the relationship between the two and clinicopathological factors in CRC group, record CD31-MVD in the three groups, and analyze the correlation of PEDF, VEGF, and CD31-MVD in the colorectal adenoma group and the CRC group. The F test or adjusted F test is used to analyze measurement data statistically. Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used between groups for ranked data. The chi-square test, adjusted chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test were used to compare the rates between groups. All differences between groups were compared using the Bonferroni method for multiple comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was used to test the correlation of the data. The test level (α) was 0.05, and a two-sided P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The positive expression rate and expression intensity of PEDF were gradually decreased in the normal control group, adenoma group, and CRC group (100% vs 78% vs 50%, χ2 = 34.430, P < 0.001; ++~++ vs +~++ vs -~+, H = 94.059, P < 0.001), while VEGF increased gradually (0% vs 68% vs 96%, χ2 = 98.35, P < 0.001; - vs -~+ vs ++~+++, H = 107.734, P < 0.001). In the CRC group, the positive expression rate of PEDF decreased with the increase of differentiation degree, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage (χ2 = 20.513, 4.160, 5.128, 6.349, 5.128, P < 0.05); the high expression rate of VEGF was the opposite (χ2 = 10.317, 13.134, 17.643, 21.844, 17.643, P < 0.05). In the colorectal adenoma group, the expression intensity of PEDF correlated negatively with CD31-MVD (r = -0.601, P < 0.001), whereas VEGF was not significantly different (r = 0.258, P = 0.07). In the CRC group, the expression intensity of PEDF correlated negatively with the expression intensity of CD31-MVD and VEGF (r = -0.297, P < 0.05; r = -0.548, P < 0.05), while VEGF expression intensity was positively related to CD31-MVD (r = 0.421, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION It is possible that PEDF can be used as a new treatment and prevention target for CRC by upregulating the expression of PEDF while inhibiting the expression of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Qingbaijiang District People's Hospital, Chengdu 610300, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Feng-Lin Chen
- Graduate School, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Cong Liu
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Hu
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Digestive Diseases, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
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Kim G, Chen Z, Li J, Luo J, Castro-Martinez F, Wisniewski J, Cui K, Wang Y, Sun J, Ren X, Crawford SE, Becerra SP, Zhu J, Liu T, Wang S, Zhao K, Wu C. Gut-liver axis calibrates intestinal stem cell fitness. Cell 2024; 187:914-930.e20. [PMID: 38280375 PMCID: PMC10923069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The gut and liver are recognized to mutually communicate through the biliary tract, portal vein, and systemic circulation. However, it remains unclear how this gut-liver axis regulates intestinal physiology. Through hepatectomy and transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, we identified pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a liver-derived soluble Wnt inhibitor, which restrains intestinal stem cell (ISC) hyperproliferation to maintain gut homeostasis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, we found that microbial danger signals resulting from intestinal inflammation can be sensed by the liver, leading to the repression of PEDF production through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα). This repression liberates ISC proliferation to accelerate tissue repair in the gut. Additionally, treating mice with fenofibrate, a clinical PPARα agonist used for hypolipidemia, enhances colitis susceptibility due to PEDF activity. Therefore, we have identified a distinct role for PEDF in calibrating ISC expansion for intestinal homeostasis through reciprocal interactions between the gut and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girak Kim
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zuojia Chen
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Felipe Castro-Martinez
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jan Wisniewski
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kairong Cui
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jialei Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaobai Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mary M. and Sash A. Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Surgery, North Shore University Research Institute, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - S Patricia Becerra
- Section of Protein Structure and Function, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jimin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mary M. and Sash A. Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Elmi M, Dass JH, Dass CR. The Various Roles of PEDF in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:510. [PMID: 38339261 PMCID: PMC10854708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a natural immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-tumour growth and anti-metastasis factor, which can enhance tumour response to PEDF but can also conversely have pro-cancerous effects. Inflammation is a major cause of cancer, and it has been proven that PEDF has anti-inflammatory properties. PEDF's functional activity can be investigated through measuring metastatic and metabolic biomarkers that will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Elmi
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (M.E.); (J.H.D.)
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Joshua H. Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (M.E.); (J.H.D.)
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Crispin R. Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (M.E.); (J.H.D.)
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
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PEDF Protects Endothelial Barrier Integrity during Acute Myocardial Infarction via 67LR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032787. [PMID: 36769107 PMCID: PMC9917376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the integrity and protecting the stability of tight junctions in endothelial cells is a potential therapeutic strategy against myocardial ischaemia. Laminin receptors (67LR) are highly expressed on endothelial cell membranes and are associated with endothelial barrier function. Herein, we sought to demonstrate the direct effects of pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) on tight junctions between endothelial cells via 67LR during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. We detected that PEDF directly increased the level of the tight junction protein zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1) after overexpression in vitro and in vivo using Western blotting. Evans Blue/TTC staining showed that PEDF significantly reduced the size of the infarcted myocardium. Immunofluorescence and the transwell cellular experiments suggested that PEDF significantly upregulated PI3K-AKT permeability and the distribution of ZO-1 between endothelial cells under OGD conditions. Interestingly, PEDF significantly upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K-AKT-mTOR under oxygen and glucose deprivation conditions but had no significant effects on the total protein expression. The protective effect of PEDF on ZO-1 was significantly inhibited following the inhibition of PI3K-AKT-mTOR. The activation of phosphorylation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR by PEDF was blocked after silencing 67LR, as were the protective effects of PEDF on ZO-1. Therefore, we have reason to believe that PEDF increased ZO-1 expression through the 67LR-dependent PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, thus maintaining tight junction stability and protecting cardiac function.
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Xu M, Chen X, Yu Z, Li X. Receptors that bind to PEDF and their therapeutic roles in retinal diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1116136. [PMID: 37139333 PMCID: PMC10149954 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal neovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases represented by diabetic retinopathy are the main types of blinding eye disorders that continually cause the increased burden worldwide. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an endogenous factor with multiple effects including neurotrophic activity, anti-angiogenesis, anti-tumorigenesis, and anti-inflammatory activity. PEDF activity depends on the interaction with the proteins on the cell surface. At present, seven independent receptors, including adipose triglyceride lipase, laminin receptor, lipoprotein receptor-related protein, plexin domain-containing 1, plexin domain-containing 2, F1-ATP synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, have been demonstrated and confirmed to be high affinity receptors for PEDF. Understanding the interactions between PEDF and PEDF receptors, their roles in normal cellular metabolism and the response the initiate in disease will be accommodating for elucidating the ways in which inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurodegeneration exacerbate disease pathology. In this review, we firstly introduce PEDF receptors comprehensively, focusing particularly on their expression pattern, ligands, related diseases, and signal transduction pathways, respectively. We also discuss the interactive ways of PEDF and receptors to expand the prospective understanding of PEDF receptors in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
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Van Nynatten LR, Slessarev M, Martin CM, Leligdowicz A, Miller MR, Patel MA, Daley M, Patterson EK, Cepinskas G, Fraser DD. Novel plasma protein biomarkers from critically ill sepsis patients. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:50. [PMID: 36572854 PMCID: PMC9792322 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis, the relationship between the plasma proteome and clinical outcome is poorly understood. In this study, we used targeted plasma proteomics to identify novel biomarkers of sepsis in critically ill patients. METHODS Blood was obtained from 15 critically ill patients with suspected/confirmed sepsis (Sepsis-3.0 criteria) on intensive care unit (ICU) Day-1 and Day-3, as well as age- and sex-matched 15 healthy control subjects. A total of 1161 plasma proteins were measured with proximal extension assays. Promising sepsis biomarkers were narrowed with machine learning and then correlated with relevant clinical and laboratory variables. RESULTS The median age for critically ill sepsis patients was 56 (IQR 51-61) years. The median MODS and SOFA values were 7 (IQR 5.0-8.0) and 7 (IQR 5.0-9.0) on ICU Day-1, and 4 (IQR 3.5-7.0) and 6 (IQR 3.5-7.0) on ICU Day-3, respectively. Targeted proteomics, together with feature selection, identified the leading proteins that distinguished sepsis patients from healthy control subjects with ≥ 90% classification accuracy; 25 proteins on ICU Day-1 and 26 proteins on ICU Day-3 (6 proteins overlapped both ICU days; PRTN3, UPAR, GDF8, NTRK3, WFDC2 and CXCL13). Only 7 of the leading proteins changed significantly between ICU Day-1 and Day-3 (IL10, CCL23, TGFα1, ST2, VSIG4, CNTN5, and ITGAV; P < 0.01). Significant correlations were observed between a variety of patient clinical/laboratory variables and the expression of 15 proteins on ICU Day-1 and 14 proteins on ICU Day-3 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Targeted proteomics with feature selection identified proteins altered in critically ill sepsis patients relative to healthy control subjects. Correlations between protein expression and clinical/laboratory variables were identified, each providing pathophysiological insight. Our exploratory data provide a rationale for further hypothesis-driven sepsis research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marat Slessarev
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Claudio M. Martin
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Aleks Leligdowicz
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medicine, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Michael R. Miller
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON Canada
| | - Maitray A. Patel
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Computer Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Mark Daley
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Computer Science, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada ,grid.494618.6The Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1 Canada
| | - Eric K. Patterson
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada
| | - Gediminas Cepinskas
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Douglas D. Fraser
- grid.415847.b0000 0001 0556 2414Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON Canada ,grid.412745.10000 0000 9132 1600London Health Sciences Centre, Room C2-C82, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 5W9 Canada
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Bartolo ND, Mortimer N, Manter MA, Sanchez N, Riley M, O'Malley TT, Hooker JM. Identification and Prioritization of PET Neuroimaging Targets for Microglial Phenotypes Associated with Microglial Activity in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3641-3660. [PMID: 36473177 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglial cells accompanies the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Development of molecular imaging tools specific to microglia can help elucidate the mechanism through which microglia contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Through analysis of published genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data sets, we identified 19 genes with microglia-specific expression that we then ranked based on association with the AD characteristics, change in expression, and potential druggability of the target. We believe that the process we used to identify and rank microglia-specific genes is broadly applicable to the identification and evaluation of targets in other disease areas and for applications beyond molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Bartolo
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Niall Mortimer
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Mariah A Manter
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Nicholas Sanchez
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Misha Riley
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Tiernan T O'Malley
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Zethoven M, Martelotto L, Pattison A, Bowen B, Balachander S, Flynn A, Rossello FJ, Hogg A, Miller JA, Frysak Z, Grimmond S, Fishbein L, Tischler AS, Gill AJ, Hicks RJ, Dahia PLM, Clifton-Bligh R, Pacak K, Tothill RW. Single-nuclei and bulk-tissue gene-expression analysis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma links disease subtypes with tumor microenvironment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6262. [PMID: 36271074 PMCID: PMC9587261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PG) are rare neuroendocrine tumors associated with autonomic nerves. Here we use single-nuclei RNA-seq and bulk-tissue gene-expression data to characterize the cellular composition of PCPG and normal adrenal tissues, refine tumor gene-expression subtypes and make clinical and genotypic associations. We confirm seven PCPG gene-expression subtypes with significant genotype and clinical associations. Tumors with mutations in VHL, SDH-encoding genes (SDHx) or MAML3-fusions are characterized by hypoxia-inducible factor signaling and neoangiogenesis. PCPG have few infiltrating lymphocytes but abundant macrophages. While neoplastic cells transcriptionally resemble mature chromaffin cells, early chromaffin and neuroblast markers are also features of some PCPG subtypes. The gene-expression profile of metastatic SDHx-related PCPG indicates these tumors have elevated cellular proliferation and a lower number of non-neoplastic Schwann-cell-like cells, while GPR139 is a potential theranostic target. Our findings therefore clarify the diverse transcriptional programs and cellular composition of PCPG and identify biomarkers of potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciano Martelotto
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Pattison
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Blake Bowen
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shiva Balachander
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aidan Flynn
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fernando J Rossello
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Annette Hogg
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie A Miller
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Zdenek Frysak
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sean Grimmond
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren Fishbein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Anthony J Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Patricia L M Dahia
- Div. Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard W Tothill
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Li X, Fan Y, Tang M, Li H, Zhang Y, Mi J, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wang Z, Su F. PLXDC1 Can Be a Biomarker for Poor Prognosis and Immune Evasion in Gastric Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5439-5455. [PMID: 36147688 PMCID: PMC9488617 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s383191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research has revealed that Plexin domain containing 1 (PLXDC1) is correlated with the prognosis of a variety of tumors, but its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of gastric cancer has not been reported. Methods In this study, we analyzed PLXDC1 expression in gastric cancer using the Oncomine and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and immunohistochemical staining experiments, and performed prognostic assessment with data from the TCGA and Kaplan–Meier Plotter databases. The immunomodulatory role of PLXDC1 in the gastric cancer TME was analyzed by signaling pathway enrichment, immune cell correlation analysis, immunomodulator risk model construction and immunohistochemical staining experiments of immune cells. Results The results indicated that PLXDC1 was overexpressed in gastric cancer and that its overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that PLXDC1 could be an independent biomarker of the risk of gastric cancer. Signaling pathway enrichment revealed that high PLXDC1 expression was involved in signaling pathways related to immune activation and stromal activation, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) assessment indicated that high PLXDC1 expression was associated with a significantly higher risk of immune evasion than low PLXDC1 expression. A Cox risk model based on PLXDC1-associated immunomodulators also presented poor prognosis, and immune evasion was significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of CD8/CD3/CD4+ T cells in the high and low PLXDC1 expression groups also observed immune cell distribution characteristics of immune evasion. Conclusion This study analyzed PLXDC1 from multiple biological perspectives and revealed that PLXDC1 can be a biomarker for poor prognosis and immune evasion in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfei Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Mi
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wu B, Wang YX, Wang JJ, Xiang DF, Zhang MS, Yan ZX, Wang WY, Miao JY, Lan X, Liu JJ, Li ZY, Li C, Fan JY, Liu JY, Jiang L, Xu SL, Cui YH, Qian F. PLXDC2 enhances invadopodium formation to promote invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells via interacting with PTP1B. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:691-710. [PMID: 35661947 PMCID: PMC9338914 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plexin-domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) has been reported as an oncoprotein in several human malignancies. However, its expression and roles in gastric cancer remain largely unclear. In this study, we found that PLXDC2 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and the expression levels were positively correlated with clinicopathological features, but negatively with the patients’ outcome. Cox regression analysis identified PLXDC2 as an independent prognostic indicator for the patients. Knockdown of PLXDC2 markedly suppressed the in vitro invasion and in vivo metastasis of gastric cancer cells, while overexpression of PLXDC2 resulted in opposite effects. Mechanistically, PLXDC2 enhanced the level of phosphorylated Cortactin (p-Cortactin) by physically interacting with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), an important dephosphorylase, to prevent its dephosphorylating of p-Cortactin, thereby promoting the formation of invadopodia. Collectively, our results indicate that PLXDC2 contributes to the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by inhibiting PTP1B to facilitate the invadopodium formation, and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dong-Fang Xiang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Meng-Si Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Yan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing-Ya Miao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jia-Jia Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun-Yan Fan
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Sen-Lin Xu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Liu X, Quan X, Qin X, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Chao Z, Jia C, Qin H, Zhang H. Pigment epithelium-derived factor and its role in microvascular-related diseases. Biochimie 2022; 200:153-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Tovar A, Crouse WL, Smith GJ, Thomas JM, Keith BP, McFadden KM, Moran TP, Furey TS, Kelada SNP. Integrative analysis reveals mouse strain-dependent responses to acute ozone exposure associated with airway macrophage transcriptional activity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L33-L49. [PMID: 34755540 PMCID: PMC8721896 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00237.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ozone (O3) exposure is associated with multiple adverse cardiorespiratory outcomes, the severity of which varies across individuals in human populations and inbred mouse strains. However, molecular determinants of response, including susceptibility biomarkers that distinguish who will develop severe injury and inflammation, are not well characterized. We and others have demonstrated that airway macrophages (AMs) are an important resident immune cell type that are functionally and transcriptionally responsive to O3 inhalation. Here, we sought to explore influences of strain, exposure, and strain-by-O3 exposure interactions on AM gene expression and identify transcriptional correlates of O3-induced inflammation and injury across six mouse strains, including five Collaborative Cross (CC) strains. We exposed adult mice of both sexes to filtered air (FA) or 2 ppm O3 for 3 h and measured inflammatory and injury parameters 21 h later. Mice exposed to O3 developed airway neutrophilia and lung injury with strain-dependent severity. In AMs, we identified a common core O3 transcriptional response signature across all strains, as well as a set of genes exhibiting strain-by-O3 exposure interactions. In particular, a prominent gene expression contrast emerged between a low- (CC017/Unc) and high-responding (CC003/Unc) strain, as reflected by cellular inflammation and injury. Further inspection indicated that differences in their baseline gene expression and chromatin accessibility profiles likely contribute to their divergent post-O3 exposure transcriptional responses. Together, these results suggest that aspects of O3-induced respiratory responses are mediated through altered AM transcriptional signatures and further confirm the importance of gene-environment interactions in mediating differential responsiveness to environmental agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide Tovar
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Genetics & Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wesley L Crouse
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gregory J Smith
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joseph M Thomas
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Benjamin P Keith
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kathryn M McFadden
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Timothy P Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Terrence S Furey
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Genetics & Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Samir N P Kelada
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Genetics & Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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14
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Liu X, Bennison SA, Robinson L, Toyo-oka K. Responsible Genes for Neuronal Migration in the Chromosome 17p13.3: Beyond Pafah1b1(Lis1), Crk and Ywhae(14-3-3ε). Brain Sci 2021; 12:brainsci12010056. [PMID: 35053800 PMCID: PMC8774252 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The 17p13.3 chromosome region is often deleted or duplicated in humans, resulting in severe neurodevelopmental disorders such as Miller–Dieker syndrome (MDS) and 17p13.3 duplication syndrome. Lissencephaly can also be caused by gene mutations or deletions of a small piece of the 17p13.3 region, including a single gene or a few genes. PAFAH1B1 gene, coding for LIS1 protein, is a responsible gene for lissencephaly and MDS and regulates neuronal migration by controlling microtubules (MTs) and cargo transport along MTs via dynein. CRK is a downstream regulator of the reelin signaling pathways and regulates neuronal migration. YWHAE, coding for 14-3-3ε, is also responsible for MDS and regulates neuronal migration by binding to LIS1-interacting protein, NDEL1. Although these three proteins are known to be responsible for neuronal migration defects in MDS, there are 23 other genes in the MDS critical region on chromosome 17p13.3, and little is known about their functions in neurodevelopment, especially in neuronal migration. This review will summarize the recent progress on the functions of LIS1, CRK, and 14-3-3ε and describe the recent findings of other molecules in the MDS critical regions in neuronal migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA;
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA; (S.A.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Sarah A. Bennison
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA; (S.A.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Lozen Robinson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA; (S.A.B.); (L.R.)
| | - Kazuhito Toyo-oka
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA; (S.A.B.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(215)-991-8288
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15
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Cheng G, Song C. Association of pigment epithelium derived factor expression with cancer progression and prognosis: a meta-analysis study. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:61. [PMID: 35201465 PMCID: PMC8777498 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted protein that strongly suppresses angiogenesis and directly inhibits cancer cells proliferation. The differential expression of PEDF has been observed in multiple types of human tumors. However, it is unclear as to how PEDF expression is associated with cancer progression and if PEDF could serve as a prognostic marker for cancer patients. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search for the studies on PEDF expression in 14 top-ranked types of solid tumor cancer with the highest incidence. A systemic approach was used to screen for qualified studies and to extract data. Meta-analysis was performed to investigate if PEDF expression is associated with the TNM staging, tumor size, lymph node invasion, distal metastasis and pathological grade of tumor in a pan-cancer manner. A Kaplan-Meier curve was plotted with the digitally-reconstituted patient survival data to study the effect of PEDF expression on the prognosis of cancer patients. RESULTS A total of nine studies were selected, reviewed and analyzed. Meta-analysis suggested that decreased PEDF protein expression was associated with higher TNM staging (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.61-2.81), larger tumor size (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.1-1.84), larger possibility of lymph node invasion (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.26-2.22) and higher pathological grade (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.13). No correlation was found between PEDF expression and tumor distal metastasis, gender or age. In addition, low PEDF protein level in tumor tissue is correlated with shorter overall survival (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low PEDF protein expression in cancer is significantly associated with more advanced cancer progression and significantly poorer survival. The differential clinical outcome among patients with various PEDF expression suggests its prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Crystal Song
- Department of Physiology, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Abooshahab R, Al-Salami H, Dass CR. The increasing role of pigment epithelium-derived factor in metastasis: from biological importance to a promising target. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114787. [PMID: 34571004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a non-inhibitory member of the serpin (serine protease inhibitor) family and is a well-known potent anti-tumor factor in a variety of cancers. It has been ascertained that PEDF regulates multiple metastatic processes through various plausible mechanisms, including inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing apoptosis, stimulating extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and suppressing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Although PEDF has been recognized as an anti-metastatic marker in most studies, its role remains controversial with conflicting reports of PEDF as a metastatic marker. The emerging insights into the mechanism(s) of PEDF in tumor progression and its therapeutic effects are discussed systematically in this review, aiming to improve our understanding in the context of metastasis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Abooshahab
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia; Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia.
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Costa AR, Sousa MM. The role of the membrane-associated periodic skeleton in axons. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5371-5379. [PMID: 34085116 PMCID: PMC11071922 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The identification of the membrane periodic skeleton (MPS), composed of a periodic lattice of actin rings interconnected by spectrin tetramers, was enabled by the development of super-resolution microscopy, and brought a new exciting perspective to our view of neuronal biology. This exquisite cytoskeleton arrangement plays an important role on mechanisms regulating neuronal (dys)function. The MPS was initially thought to provide mainly for axonal mechanical stability. Since its discovery, the importance of the MPS in multiple aspects of neuronal biology has, however, emerged. These comprise its capacity to act as a signaling platform, regulate axon diameter-with important consequences on the efficiency of axonal transport and electrophysiological properties- participate in the assembly and function of the axon initial segment, and control axon microtubule stability. Recently, MPS disassembly has also surfaced as an early player in the course of axon degeneration. Here, we will discuss the current knowledge on the role of the MPS in axonal physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, IBMC- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Mendes Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, IBMC- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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18
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Shang Z, Li C, Liu X, Xu M, Zhang X, Li X, Barnstable CJ, Zhao S, Tombran-Tink J. PEDF Gene Deletion Disrupts Corneal Innervation and Ocular Surface Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:18. [PMID: 34132748 PMCID: PMC8212434 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.7.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cornea is richly innervated by the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and its function supported by secretions from the adjacent lacrimal (LG) and meibomian glands (MG). In this study we examined how pigment epithelium–derived factor (PEDF) gene deletion affects the cornea structure and function. Methods We used PEDF hemizygous and homozygous knockout mice to study effects of PEDF deficiency on corneal innervation assessed by beta tubulin staining, mRNA expression of trophic factors, and PEDF receptors by adjacent supporting glands, corneal sensitivity measured using a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, and tear production using phenol red cotton thread wetting. Results Loss of PEDF was accompanied by reduced corneal innervation and sensitivity, increased corneal surface injury and tear production, thinning of the corneal stroma and loss of stromal cells. PEDF mRNA was expressed in the cornea and its supporting tissues, the TG, LG, and MG. Deletion of one or both PEDF alleles resulted in decreased expression of essential trophic support in the TG, LG, and MG including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor, and GDNF with significantly increased levels of NT-3 in the LG and decreased EGF expression in the cornea. Decreased transcription of the putative PEDF receptors, adipose triglyceride lipase, lipoprotein receptor–related protein 6, laminin receptor, PLXDC1, and PLXDC2 was also evident in the TG, LG and MG with the first three showing increased levels in corneas of the Pedf+/− and Pedf−/− mice compared to wildtype controls. Constitutive inactivation of ERK1/2 and Akt was pronounced in the TG and cornea, although their protein levels were dramatically increased in Pedf−/− mice. Conclusions This study highlights an essential role for PEDF in corneal structure and function and confirms the reported rescue of exogenous PEDF treatment in corneal pathologies. The pleiotropic effects of PEDF deletion on multiple trophic factors, receptors and signaling molecules are strong indications that PEDF is a key coordinator of molecular mechanisms that maintain corneal function and could be exploited in therapeutic options for several ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Manhong Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Colin J Barnstable
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Joyce Tombran-Tink
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
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19
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Rosenbaum P, Tchitchek N, Joly C, Rodriguez Pozo A, Stimmer L, Langlois S, Hocini H, Gosse L, Pejoski D, Cosma A, Beignon AS, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Levy Y, Le Grand R, Martinon F. Vaccine Inoculation Route Modulates Early Immunity and Consequently Antigen-Specific Immune Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:645210. [PMID: 33959127 PMCID: PMC8093451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.645210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most efficient public healthcare measures to fight infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the immune mechanisms induced in vivo by vaccination are still unclear. The route of administration, an important vaccination parameter, can substantially modify the quality of the response. How the route of administration affects the generation and profile of immune responses is of major interest. Here, we aimed to extensively characterize the profiles of the innate and adaptive response to vaccination induced after intradermal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular administration with a modified vaccinia virus Ankara model vaccine in non-human primates. The adaptive response following subcutaneous immunization was clearly different from that following intradermal or intramuscular immunization. The subcutaneous route induced a higher level of neutralizing antibodies than the intradermal and intramuscular vaccination routes. In contrast, polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell responses were preferentially induced after intradermal or intramuscular injection. We observed the same dichotomy when analyzing the early molecular and cellular immune events, highlighting the recruitment of cell populations, such as CD8+ T lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressive cells, and the activation of key immunomodulatory gene pathways. These results demonstrate that the quality of the vaccine response induced by an attenuated vaccine is shaped by early and subtle modifications of the innate immune response. In this immunization context, the route of administration must be tailored to the desired type of protective immune response. This will be achieved through systems vaccinology and mathematical modeling, which will be critical for predicting the efficacy of the vaccination route for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Rosenbaum
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Candie Joly
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - André Rodriguez Pozo
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Lev Stimmer
- INSERM, U1169, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- CEA – INSERM, MIRCen, UMS27, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sébastien Langlois
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Hakim Hocini
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
- INSERM, U955, Team 16, Clinical and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Henri Mondor, University of Paris East, Créteil, France
| | - Leslie Gosse
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - David Pejoski
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Antonio Cosma
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Levy
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
- INSERM, U955, Team 16, Clinical and Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Henri Mondor, University of Paris East, Créteil, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Frédéric Martinon
- UMR1184 IMVA-HB, IDMIT Department, Université Paris-Saclay – INSERM U1184 – CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
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20
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Abooshahab R, Dass CR. The biological relevance of pigment epithelium-derived factor on the path from aging to age-related disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 196:111478. [PMID: 33812881 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an endogenously produced protein that contributes to cell growth arrest, and reduced levels of PEDF are associated with the progression of cellular senescence and the aging process. However, the mechanisms underlying PEDF regulation of these events are not completely clear. Increased PEDF activity may induce anti-aging processes, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of PEDF as an anti-aging and age-related disease. In this review, we recapitulate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging following the characteristics and specific roles of the PEDF in cell cycle arrest and its relevance to cellular senescence and aging pathways. In this context, the discovery and fluctuations of PEDF in age-related diseases are summarised. In light of the importance of PEDF in cellular senescence and aging processes, better comprehension of the mechanism(s) of PEDF in the regulation of cell cycle and the aging process can conceivably facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for diseases that occur with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Abooshahab
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia; Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, 6102, Australia.
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21
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Choquet D, Sainlos M, Sibarita JB. Advanced imaging and labelling methods to decipher brain cell organization and function. Nat Rev Neurosci 2021; 22:237-255. [PMID: 33712727 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-021-00441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The brain is arguably the most complex organ. The branched and extended morphology of nerve cells, their subcellular complexity, the multiplicity of brain cell types as well as their intricate connectivity and the scattering properties of brain tissue present formidable challenges to the understanding of brain function. Neuroscientists have often been at the forefront of technological and methodological developments to overcome these hurdles to visualize, quantify and modify cell and network properties. Over the last few decades, the development of advanced imaging methods has revolutionized our approach to explore the brain. Super-resolution microscopy and tissue imaging approaches have recently exploded. These instrumentation-based innovations have occurred in parallel with the development of new molecular approaches to label protein targets, to evolve new biosensors and to target them to appropriate cell types or subcellular compartments. We review the latest developments for labelling and functionalizing proteins with small localization and functionalized reporters. We present how these molecular tools are combined with the development of a wide variety of imaging methods that break either the diffraction barrier or the tissue penetration depth limits. We put these developments in perspective to emphasize how they will enable step changes in our understanding of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Choquet
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France. .,University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Matthieu Sainlos
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sibarita
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France.
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22
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Brekke TD, Moore EC, Campbell-Staton SC, Callahan CM, Cheviron ZA, Good JM. X chromosome-dependent disruption of placental regulatory networks in hybrid dwarf hamsters. Genetics 2021; 218:6168998. [PMID: 33710276 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development in mammals is highly sensitive to changes in gene expression within the placenta. The placenta is also highly enriched for genes showing parent-of-origin or imprinted expression, which is predicted to evolve rapidly in response to parental conflict. However, little is known about the evolution of placental gene expression, or if divergence of placental gene expression plays an important role in mammalian speciation. We used crosses between two species of dwarf hamsters (Phodopus sungorus and Phodopus campbelli) to examine the genetic and regulatory underpinnings of severe placental overgrowth in their hybrids. Using quantitative genetic mapping and mitochondrial substitution lines, we show that overgrowth of hybrid placentas was primarily caused by genetic differences on the maternally inherited P. sungorus X chromosome. Mitochondrial interactions did not contribute to abnormal hybrid placental development, and there was only weak correspondence between placental disruption and embryonic growth. Genome-wide analyses of placental transcriptomes from the parental species and first- and second-generation hybrids revealed a central group of co-expressed X-linked and autosomal genes that were highly enriched for maternally biased expression. Expression of this gene network was strongly correlated with placental size and showed widespread misexpression dependent on epistatic interactions with X-linked hybrid incompatibilities. Collectively, our results indicate that the X chromosome is likely to play a prominent role in the evolution of placental gene expression and the accumulation of hybrid developmental barriers between mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Brekke
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.,School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Emily C Moore
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Shane C Campbell-Staton
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Colin M Callahan
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Zachary A Cheviron
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Good
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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23
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Zeng D, Zhou P, Jiang R, Li XP, Huang SY, Li DY, Li GL, Li LS, Zhao S, Hu L, Ran JH, Chen DL, Wang YP, Li J. Evodiamine inhibits vasculogenic mimicry in HCT116 cells by suppressing hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha-mediated angiogenesis. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 32:314-322. [PMID: 33394687 PMCID: PMC7861498 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Evodiamine (Evo), a quinazoline alkaloid and one of the most typical polycyclic heterocycles, is mainly isolated from Evodia rugulosa. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a newly identified way of angiogenesis during tumor neovascularization, which is prevalent in a variety of highly invasive tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Evo on VM in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The number of VM structures was calculated by the three-dimensional culture of human CRC cells. Wound-healing was used to detect the migration of HCT116 cells. Gene expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay. CD31/PAS staining was used to identify VM. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect protein levels. The results showed that Evo inhibited the migration of HCT116 cells, as well as the formation of VM. Furthermore, Evo reduced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), VE-cadherin, VEGF, MMP2, and MMP9. In a model of subcutaneous xenotransplantation, Evo also inhibited tumor growth and VM formation. Our study demonstrates that Evo could inhibit VM in CRC cells HCT116 and reduce the expression of HIF-1α, VE-cadherin, VEGF, MMP2, and MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xiao-peng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Shi-ying Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Dan-yang Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Guo-li Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Li-sha Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Ling Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jian-hua Ran
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Di-long Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
- Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-ping Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
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24
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Großkopf AK, Schlagowski S, Fricke T, Ensser A, Desrosiers RC, Hahn AS. Plxdc family members are novel receptors for the rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (RRV). PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1008979. [PMID: 33657166 PMCID: PMC7959344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (RRV), a γ2-herpesvirus of rhesus macaques, shares many biological features with the human pathogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Both viruses, as well as the more distantly related Epstein-Barr virus, engage cellular receptors from the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases (Ephs). However, the importance of the Eph interaction for RRV entry varies between cell types suggesting the existence of Eph-independent entry pathways. We therefore aimed to identify additional cellular receptors for RRV by affinity enrichment and mass spectrometry. We identified an additional receptor family, the Plexin domain containing proteins 1 and 2 (Plxdc1/2) that bind the RRV gH/gL glycoprotein complex. Preincubation of RRV with soluble Plxdc2 decoy receptor reduced infection by ~60%, while overexpression of Plxdc1 and 2 dramatically enhanced RRV susceptibility and cell-cell fusion of otherwise marginally permissive Raji cells. While the Plxdc2 interaction is conserved between two RRV strains, 26-95 and 17577, Plxdc1 specifically interacts with RRV 26-95 gH. The Plxdc interaction is mediated by a short motif at the N-terminus of RRV gH that is partially conserved between isolate 26-95 and isolate 17577, but absent in KSHV gH. Mutation of this motif abrogated the interaction with Plxdc1/2 and reduced RRV infection in a cell type-specific manner. Taken together, our findings characterize Plxdc1/2 as novel interaction partners and entry receptors for RRV and support the concept of the N-terminal domain of the gammaherpesviral gH/gL complex as a multifunctional receptor-binding domain. Further, Plxdc1/2 usage defines an important biological difference between KSHV and RRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Großkopf
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Schlagowski
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Fricke
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Armin Ensser
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander S. Hahn
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Bürger S, Meng J, Zwanzig A, Beck M, Pankonin M, Wiedemann P, Eichler W, Unterlauft JD. Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Receptors Are Involved in Survival of Retinal Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E369. [PMID: 33396450 PMCID: PMC7795132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The demise of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is characteristic of diseases of the retina such as glaucoma and diabetic or ischemic retinopathies. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional secreted protein that mediates neuroprotection and inhibition of angiogenesis in the retina. We have studied expression and regulation of two of several receptors for PEDF, patatin-like phospholipase 2 gene product/PEDF-R and laminin receptor (LR), in serum-starved RGC under normoxia and hypoxia and investigated their involvement in the survival of retinal neuronal cells. We show that PEDF-R and LR are co-expressed in RGC and R28 retinal precursor cells. Expression of both receptors was enhanced in the presence of complex secretions from retinal glial (Müller) cells and upregulated by VEGF and under hypoxic conditions. PEDF-R- and LR-knocked-down cells demonstrated a markedly attenuated expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) and neuroprotective mediators (PEDF, VEGF, BDNF) suggesting that both PEDF-R and LR mediate pro-survival effects of PEDF on RGC. While this study does not provide evidence for a differential survival-promoting influence of either PEDF-R or LR, it nevertheless highlights the importance of both PEDF receptors for the viability of retinal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wolfram Eichler
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Leipzig University, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.B.); (J.M.); (A.Z.); (M.B.); (M.P.); (P.W.); (J.D.U.)
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26
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Bates M, Spillane CD, Gallagher MF, McCann A, Martin C, Blackshields G, Keegan H, Gubbins L, Brooks R, Brooks D, Selemidis S, O’Toole S, O’Leary JJ. The role of the MAD2-TLR4-MyD88 axis in paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243715. [PMID: 33370338 PMCID: PMC7769460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of front-line anticancer drugs such as paclitaxel for ovarian cancer treatment, mortality rates have remained almost unchanged for the past three decades and the majority of patients will develop recurrent chemoresistant disease which remains largely untreatable. Overcoming chemoresistance or preventing its onset in the first instance remains one of the major challenges for ovarian cancer research. In this study, we demonstrate a key link between senescence and inflammation and how this complex network involving the biomarkers MAD2, TLR4 and MyD88 drives paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. This was investigated using siRNA knockdown of MAD2, TLR4 and MyD88 in two ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 and SKOV-3 cells and overexpression of MyD88 in A2780 cells. Interestingly, siRNA knockdown of MAD2 led to a significant increase in TLR4 gene expression, this was coupled with the development of a highly paclitaxel-resistant cell phenotype. Additionally, siRNA knockdown of MAD2 or TLR4 in the serous ovarian cell model OVCAR-3 resulted in a significant increase in TLR4 or MAD2 expression respectively. Microarray analysis of SKOV-3 cells following knockdown of TLR4 or MAD2 highlighted a number of significantly altered biological processes including EMT, complement, coagulation, proliferation and survival, ECM remodelling, olfactory receptor signalling, ErbB signalling, DNA packaging, Insulin-like growth factor signalling, ion transport and alteration of components of the cytoskeleton. Cross comparison of the microarray data sets identified 7 overlapping genes including MMP13, ACTBL2, AMTN, PLXDC2, LYZL1, CCBE1 and CKS2. These results demonstrate an important link between these biomarkers, which to our knowledge has never before been shown in ovarian cancer. In the future, we hope that triaging patients into alterative treatment groups based on the expression of these three biomarkers or therapeutic targeting of the mechanisms they are involved in will lead to improvements in patient outcome and prevent the development of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| | - Cathy D. Spillane
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael F. Gallagher
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- College of Health Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara Martin
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gordon Blackshields
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Keegan
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Gubbins
- College of Health Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Brooks
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Doug Brooks
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Sharon O’Toole
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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27
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Dixit S, Polato F, Samardzija M, Abu-Asab M, Grimm C, Crawford SE, Becerra SP. PEDF deficiency increases the susceptibility of rd10 mice to retinal degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2020; 198:108121. [PMID: 32721425 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The SERPINF1 gene encodes pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a member of the serpin superfamily with neurotrophic and antiangiogenic properties in the retina. We hypothesized that absence of PEDF would lead to increased stress-associated retinal degeneration in Serpinf1 null mice. Accordingly, using a Serpinf1 null mouse model, we investigated the impact of PEDF absence on retinal morphology, and susceptibility to induced and inherited retinal degeneration. We studied the pattern of Serpinf1 expression in the mouse retina layers. PEDF protein was detected by western blotting. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on mouse retina. Serpinf1 null mice and wild type littermates were injected with NaIO3 (30 mg/kg body weight) intraperitonially. At post-injection day 1, 3, 4, 6 and 8 mice were euthanized, and eyes were enucleated. Serpinf1 null and rd10 double mutant mice were generated and their eyes enucleated at different time points from post-natal day 15 to post-natal day 28. Enucleated eyes were processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining and histopathological evaluations. We found that Serpinf1 was expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium, in the inner nuclear layer and in the ganglion cell layer, but undetectable in the outer nuclear layer of wild type mice. Plasma PEDF protein levels were undetectable in Serpinf1 null animals. RPE atrophy and retinal thinning were observed in NaIO3-treated wild type mice that progressed with time post-injection. NaIO3-treated Serpinf1 null mice showed comparatively better retinal morphology than wild type mice at day 4 post-injection. However, the absence of PEDF in Serpinf1 null x rd10 mice increased the susceptibility to retinal degeneration relative to that of rd10 mice. We concluded that histopathological evaluation of retinas lacking PEDF showed that removal of the Serpinf1 gene may activate PEDF-independent compensatory mechanisms to protect the retina against oxidative stress, while it increases the susceptibility to degenerate the retina in inherited retinal degeneration models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Dixit
- Section of Protein Structure and Function, LRCMB-NEI-NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Federica Polato
- Section of Protein Structure and Function, LRCMB-NEI-NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marijana Samardzija
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Grimm
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Health System Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Patricia Becerra
- Section of Protein Structure and Function, LRCMB-NEI-NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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28
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Identification of new regulatory genes through expression pattern analysis of a global RNA-seq dataset from a Helicobacter pylori co-culture system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11506. [PMID: 32661418 PMCID: PMC7359330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that persistently colonizes the human stomach by inducing immunoregulatory responses. We have used a novel platform that integrates a bone marrow-derived macrophage and live H. pylori co-culture with global time-course transcriptomics analysis to identify new regulatory genes based on expression patterns resembling those of genes with known regulatory function. We have used filtering criteria based on cellular location and novelty parameters to select 5 top lead candidate targets. Of these, Plexin domain containing 2 (Plxdc2) was selected as the top lead immunoregulatory target. Loss of function studies with in vivo models of H. pylori infection as well as a chemically-induced model of colitis, confirmed its predicted regulatory function and significant impact on modulation of the host immune response. Our integrated bioinformatics analyses and experimental validation platform has enabled the discovery of new immunoregulatory genes. This pipeline can be used for the identification of genes with therapeutic applications for treating infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases.
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29
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Comparative proteomic analysis of renal proteins from IgA nephropathy model mice and control mice. Clin Exp Nephrol 2020; 24:666-679. [PMID: 32436031 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-020-01898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-IgA ddY (HIGA) mice, an animal model of human IgA nephropathy (IgAN), spontaneously develop nephropathy with glomerular IgA deposition and markedly elevated serum IgA levels from 25 weeks of age. METHODS We performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the renal proteins collected from HIGA mice and control C57BL/6 mice at 5 or 38 weeks of age (the H5, H38, C5, and C38 groups) (n = 4 in each group). Proteins were extracted from the left whole kidney of each mouse and analyzed using nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The right kidneys were used for histopathological examinations. RESULTS Immunohistochemical examinations showed glomerular deposition of IgA and the immunoglobulin joining (J) chain, and increased numbers of interstitial IgA- and J-chain-positive plasma cells in the H38 group. In the proteomic analysis, > 5000 proteins were identified, and 33 proteins with H38/H5 ratios of > 5.0, H38/C38 ratios of > 5.0, and C38/C5 ratios of < 1.5 were selected. Among them, there were various proteins that are known to be involved in human IgAN and/or animal IgAN models. Immunohistochemical examinations validated the proteomic results for some proteins. Furthermore, two proteins that are known to be associated with kidney disease displayed downregulated expression (H38/H5 ratio: 0.01) in the H38 group. CONCLUSIONS The results of comparative proteomic analysis of renal proteins were consistent with previous histopathological and serological findings obtained in ddY and HIGA mice. Various proteins that are known to be involved in kidney disease, including IgAN, and potential disease marker proteins exhibited markedly altered levels in HIGA mice.
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Hemokinin-1 Gene Expression Is Upregulated in Trigeminal Ganglia in an Inflammatory Orofacial Pain Model: Potential Role in Peripheral Sensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082938. [PMID: 32331300 PMCID: PMC7215309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A large percentage of primary sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) contain neuropeptides such as tachykinins or calcitonin gene-related peptide. Neuropeptides released from the central terminals of primary afferents sensitize the secondary nociceptive neurons in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), but also activate glial cells contributing to neuroinflammation and consequent sensitization in chronic orofacial pain and migraine. In the present study, we investigated the newest member of the tachykinin family, hemokinin-1 (HK-1) encoded by the Tac4 gene in the trigeminal system. HK-1 had been shown to participate in inflammation and hyperalgesia in various models, but its role has not been investigated in orofacial pain or headache. In the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory orofacial pain model, we showed that Tac4 expression increased in the TG in response to inflammation. Duration-dependent Tac4 upregulation was associated with the extent of the facial allodynia. Tac4 was detected in both TG neurons and satellite glial cells (SGC) by the ultrasensitive RNAscope in situ hybridization. We also compared gene expression changes of selected neuronal and glial sensitization and neuroinflammation markers between wild-type and Tac4-deficient (Tac4-/-) mice. Expression of the SGC/astrocyte marker in the TG and TNC was significantly lower in intact and saline/CFA-treated Tac4-/- mice. The procedural stress-related increase of the SGC/astrocyte marker was also strongly attenuated in Tac4-/- mice. Analysis of TG samples with a mouse neuroinflammation panel of 770 genes revealed that regulation of microglia and cytotoxic cell-related genes were significantly different in saline-treated Tac4-/- mice compared to their wild-types. It is concluded that HK-1 may participate in neuron-glia interactions both under physiological and inflammatory conditions and mediate pain in the trigeminal system.
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Brook N, Brook E, Dharmarajan A, Chan A, Dass CR. Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulation of neuronal and stem cell fate. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Yamamoto N, Eguchi A, Hirokawa Y, Ogura S, Sugimoto K, Iwasa M, Watanabe M, Takei Y. Expression Pattern of Plexin Domain Containing 2 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2020; 39:57-60. [PMID: 32202949 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2019.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) is expressed in endothelial cells of tumor stroma, neural progenitor cells, and pluripotent stem cells, but their respective tissue expression pattern is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of PLXDC2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues using a highly specific anti-PLXDC2 rabbit monoclonal antibody, which was recently developed. PLXDC2 was expressed in human HCC tissues including HCC cells, tumor vascular endothelial cells, and some infiltrating cells. The developed anti-PLXDC2 antibody allowed for highly specific and low background staining. Based on these current findings of PLXDC2 expression in human HCC tissues, the window may now be open to explore the role of PLXDC2 in human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hirokawa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Suguru Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kazushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Motoh Iwasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Watanabe
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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Bao X, Zeng J, Huang H, Ma C, Wang L, Wang F, Liao X, Song X. Cancer-targeted PEDF-DNA therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Int J Pharm 2019; 576:118999. [PMID: 31893541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Moreover, metastasis is one of the main causes of death in CRC patients. Nanotechnology-based gene therapy has shown significant therapeutic benefits in recent clinical trials for cancer treatment. Recent studies have shown that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) protein can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by anti-angiogenesis and pro-apoptosis. In this study, we prepared a PEDF-DNA-loaded liposome for cancer-targeted gene therapy for metastatic CRC using an iRGD peptide. Our results showed that cancer-targeted PEDF-DNA liposomes (R-LP/PEDF) exhibited enhanced inhibitory effects on invasion, migration, and pro-apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. In addition, it reduced metastasis tumor nodules in lung and prolonged the survival time in a mouse model of metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingting Bao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cuicui Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fazhan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuelian Liao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Brook N, Brook E, Dharmarajan A, Chan A, Dass CR. The role of pigment epithelium-derived factor in protecting against cellular stress. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1166-1180. [PMID: 31760841 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1697809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery as a neurotrophic factor in retinal pigmented epithelium cells in the late 1980s, there has been an increase in understanding of the role that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) plays in cellular functions. PEDF plays an important role in mediating cellular protection during exposure to oxidative stress and inflammation by preventing stress-induced angiogenesis and apoptosis. PEDF acts to reduce oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial stability and by regulating the expression of enzymes involved in ROS accumulation and clearance. PEDF protects against the negative effects of oxidative stress by regulating cell survival pathways and the expression of inflammatory and proangiogenic mediators. PEDF-mediated cellular protection may be of clinical importance in diseases characterised by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and pathological neovascularization, indicating that targeting PEDF may be a potential focus for therapeutic interventions in chronic diseases. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on the discoveries of PEDF interactions and functions, and discuss recent in vitro, in vivo and clinical findings to provide a current summary of the important protective effects following cellular exposure to stress stimuli and future clinical potential of PEDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Brook
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
| | - Emily Brook
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Arlene Chan
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Hollywood Private Hospital, Breast Clinical Trials Unit, Breast Cancer Research Centre-Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
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Wang H, Yang Y, Yang M, Li X, Tan J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Hu B, Deng S, Yang F, Gao S, Li H, Yang Z, Chen H, Cai W. Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Deficiency Accelerates Atherosclerosis Development via Promoting Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake in Mice With Hyperlipidemia. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013028. [PMID: 31711388 PMCID: PMC6915260 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Endothelial cell injury, induced by dyslipidemia, is the initiation of atherosclerosis, resulting in an imbalance in endothelial fatty acid (FA) transport. Pigment epithelial‐derived factor (PEDF) is an important regulator in lipid metabolism. We hypothesized that PEDF is involved in endothelium‐mediated FA uptake under hyperlipidemic conditions. Methods and Results Circulating PEDF levels were higher in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease than in normal individuals. However, decreasing trends of serum PEDF levels were confirmed in both wild‐type and apolipoprotein E–deficient mice fed a long‐term high‐fat diet. Apolipoprotein E–deficient/PEDF‐deficient mice were generated by crossing PEDF‐deficient mice with apolipoprotein E–deficient mice, and then mice were fed with 24, 36, or 48 weeks of high‐fat diet. Greater increases in body fat and plasma lipids were displayed in PEDF‐deficient mice. In addition, PEDF deficiency in mice accelerated atherosclerosis, as evidenced by increased atherosclerotic plaques, pronounced vascular dysfunction, and increased lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues, whereas injection of adeno‐associated virus encoding PEDF exerted opposite effects. Mechanistically, PEDF inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor B paracrine signaling by reducing secretion of protein vascular endothelial growth factor B in peripheral tissue cells and decreasing expression of its downstream targets in endothelial cells, including its receptors (namely, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 and neuropilin‐1), and FA transport proteins 3 and 4, to suppress endothelial FA uptake, whereas PEDF deletion in mice activated the vascular endothelial growth factor B signaling pathway, thus causing markedly increased lipid accumulation. Conclusions Decreasing expression of PEDF aggravates atherosclerosis by significantly impaired vascular function and enhanced endothelial FA uptake, thus exacerbating ectopic lipid deposition in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China.,Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Maoming People's Hospital Maoming Guangdong China
| | - Ming Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Tan
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yandi Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuanlong Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shijie Deng
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Saifei Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Weibin Cai
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
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Ma J, Lwigale P. Transformation of the Transcriptomic Profile of Mouse Periocular Mesenchyme During Formation of the Embryonic Cornea. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:661-676. [PMID: 30786278 PMCID: PMC6383728 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Defects in neural crest development are a major contributing factor in corneal dysgenesis, but little is known about the genetic landscape during corneal development. The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed transcriptome profile and evaluate changes in gene expression during mouse corneal development. Methods RNA sequencing was used to uncover the transcriptomic profile of periocular mesenchyme (pNC) isolated at embryonic day (E) 10.5 and corneas isolated at E14.5 and E16.5. The spatiotemporal expression of several differentially expressed genes was validated by in situ hybridization. Results Analysis of the whole-transcriptome profile between pNC and embryonic corneas identified 3815 unique differentially expressed genes. Pathway analysis revealed an enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in signal transduction (retinoic acid, transforming growth factor-β, and Wnt pathways) and transcriptional regulation. Conclusions Our analyses, for the first time, identify a large number of differentially expressed genes during progressive stages of mouse corneal development. Our data provide a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of the developing cornea. Combined, these data serve as a valuable resource for the identification of novel regulatory networks crucial for the advancement of studies in congenital defects, stem cell therapy, bioengineering, and adult corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ma
- BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Peter Lwigale
- BioSciences Department, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States
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Huang KT, Lin CC, Tsai MC, Chen KD, Chiu KW. Pigment epithelium-derived factor in lipid metabolic disorders. Biomed J 2019; 41:102-108. [PMID: 29866598 PMCID: PMC6138776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted glycoprotein that has anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, neurotrophic and immunomodulatory properties. PEDF has recently emerged as a critical metabolic regulatory protein since the discovery of its modulatory activities in the lipolytic pathway by binding to adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Despite being beneficial in maintaining the homeostasis of hepatic lipid accumulation, PEDF has been uncovered an unfavorable role associated with insulin resistance. The molecular events that connect these two apparent distinct observations have been controversial and remained largely unknown. Therefore in this short review, we attempt to summarize the current findings of PEDF regarding its lipid metabolic functions and provide perspectives in identifying PEDF as a potential therapeutic target in lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Tzu Huang
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Che Lin
- Liver Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chao Tsai
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Den Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - King-Wah Chiu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chen M, Yu X, Xu J, Ma J, Chen X, Chen B, Gu Y, Wang K. Association of Gene Polymorphisms With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:1105-1121. [PMID: 30901387 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Yu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Gu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
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Deng MT, Zhu F, Yang YZ, Yang FX, Hao JP, Chen SR, Hou ZC. Genome-wide association study reveals novel loci associated with body size and carcass yields in Pekin ducks. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:1. [PMID: 30606130 PMCID: PMC6318962 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pekin duck products have become popular in Asia over recent decades and account for an increasing market share. However, the genetic mechanisms affecting carcass growth in Pekin ducks remain unknown. This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci affecting body size and carcass yields in Pekin ducks. Results We measured 18 carcass traits in 639 Pekin ducks and performed genotyping using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Loci-based association analysis detected 37 significant loci for the 17 traits. Thirty-seven identified candidate genes were involved in many biological processes. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (Chr1_140105435 A > T) located in the intron of the ATPase phospholipid transporting 11A gene (ATP11A) attained genome-wide significance associated with five weight traits. Eight SNPs were significantly associated with three body size traits, including the candidate gene plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) associated with breast width and tensin 3 (TNS3) associated with fossil bone length. Only two SNPs were significantly associated with foot weight and four SNPs were significantly associated with heart weight. In the gene-based analysis, three genes (LOC101791418, TUBGCP3 (encoding tubulin gamma complex-associated protein 3), and ATP11A) were associated with four traits (42-day body weight, eviscerated weight, half-eviscerated weight, and leg muscle weight percentage). However, no loci were significantly associated with leg muscle weight in this study. Conclusions The novel results of this study improve our understanding of the genetic mechanisms regulating body growth in ducks and thus provide a genetic basis for breeding programs aimed at maximizing the economic potential of Pekin ducks. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5379-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu-Ze Yang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, 100107, China
| | - Fang-Xi Yang
- Beijing Golden Star Duck Co., LTD, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hao
- Beijing Golden Star Duck Co., LTD, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Si-Rui Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhuo-Cheng Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MARA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Azzam SK, Osman WM, Lee S, Khalaf K, Khandoker AH, Almahmeed W, Jelinek HF, Al Safar HS. Genetic Associations With Diabetic Retinopathy and Coronary Artery Disease in Emirati Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:283. [PMID: 31130920 PMCID: PMC6509200 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with both microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), and macrovascular complications like coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetic risk factors have a role in the development of these complications. In the present case-control study, we investigated genetic variations associated with DR and CAD in T2DM patients from the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A total of 407 Emirati patients with T2DM were recruited. Categorization of the study population was performed based on the presence or absence of DR and CAD. Seventeen Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), were selected for association analyses through search of publicly available databases, namely GWAS catalog, infinome genome interpretation platform and GWAS Central database. A multivariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate the association between the 17 SNPs and DR, CAD, or both. To account for multiple testing, significance was set at p < 0.00294 using the Bonferroni correction. Results: The SNPs rs9362054 near the CEP162 gene and rs4462262 near the UBE2D1 gene were associated with DR (OR = 1.66, p = 0.001; OR = 1.37, p = 0.031; respectively), and rs12219125 near the PLXDC2 gene was associated (suggestive) with CAD (OR = 2.26, p = 0.034). Furthermore, rs9362054 near the CEP162 gene was significantly associated with both complications (OR = 2.27, p = 0.0021). The susceptibility genes for CAD (PLXDC2) and DR (UBE2D1) have a role in angiogenesis and neovascularization. Moreover, association between the ciliary gene CEP162 and DR was established in terms of retinal neural processing, confirming previous reports. Conclusions: The present study reports associations of different genetic loci with DR and CAD. We report new associations between CAD and PLXDC2, and DR with UBE2D1 using data from T2DM Emirati patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Azzam
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M. Osman
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kinda Khalaf
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Institute of Cardiac Science, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Sydney and School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Macquarie University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Habiba S. Al Safar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Habiba S. Al Safar
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Weidle UH, Birzele F, Tiefenthaler G. Potential of Protein-based Anti-metastatic Therapy with Serpins and Inter α-Trypsin Inhibitors. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:225-238. [PMID: 29976628 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review we summarize the principles of anti-metastatic therapy with selected serpin family proteins, such as pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) and maspin, as well as inter α-trypsin inhibitor (IαIs) light chains (bikunin) and heavy chains (ITIHs). Case-by-case, antimetastatic activity may be dependent or independent of the protease-inhibitory activity of the corresponding proteins. We discuss the incidence of target deregulation in different tumor entities, mechanisms of deregulation, context-dependent functional issues as well as in vitro and in vivo target validation studies with transfected tumor cells or recombinant protein as anti-metastatic agents. Finally, we comment on possible clinical evaluation of these proteins in adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg Tiefenthaler
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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Kondkar AA, Sultan T, Almobarak FA, Kalantan H, Abu-Amero KK, Al-Obeidan SA. Plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) gene polymorphism rs7081455 may not influence POAG risk in a Saudi cohort. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:733. [PMID: 30326957 PMCID: PMC6192173 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2), a cell surface transmembrane protein receptor for pigment epithelium derived factor, is expressed in many tissues including the eye. Polymorphism rs7081455 flanking PLXDC2 has been associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and its clinical phenotypes and may have a role in POAG. Rs7081455 was genotyped in POAG cases (n = 188) and non-glaucomatous controls (n = 164) of Saudi origin using Taq-Man® to determine any association of this variant with POAG and its endophenotypes. Results The risk variant, ‘G’ allele, frequency was 0.56 and 0.52 in controls and POAG cases, respectively (p = 0.197) with was no significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Genotype analysis between cases and controls revealed no significant distribution under additive (p = 0.482), dominant (p = 0.590) and recessive models (p = 0.228). In addition, glaucoma specific phenotypic traits such as intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup/disc ratio; and number of anti-glaucoma medications, used to assess severity of the disease, were also statistically non-significant. Furthermore, regression analysis showed no significant effect of age, sex and genotype on disease outcome. Rs7081455 was not associated with POAG or its clinical phenotypes such as IOP and cup/disc ratio and hence may not be a significant risk factor for POAG patients of Saudi origin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3848-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Kondkar
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tahira Sultan
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Kalantan
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia
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Li F, Cain JD, Tombran-Tink J, Niyibizi C. Pigment epithelium derived factor regulates human Sost/Sclerostin and other osteocyte gene expression via the receptor and induction of Erk/GSK-3beta/beta-catenin signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3449-3458. [PMID: 30076958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in Serpinf1 gene which encodes pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) lead to osteogenesis imperfecta type VI whose hallmark is defective mineralization. We reported that PEDF suppressed expression of Sost/Sclerostin and other osteocyte related genes in mineralizing osteoblast cultures and suggested that this could be part of the mechanisms by which PEDF regulates matrix mineralization (Li et al. J Cellular Phys. 2014). We have used a long-term differentiated mineralizing osteoblast culture (LTD) to define mechanisms by which PEDF regulates osteocyte gene expression. LTD cultures were established by culturing human osteoblasts in an osteogenic medium for 4 months followed by analysis of osteocytes related genes and encoded proteins. LTD cells synthesized Sclerostin, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) and dentin matrix protein (DMP-1) and their synthesis was reduced by treatment with PEDF. Treatment of the cultures with PEDF induced phosphorylation of Erk and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK-3β), and accumulation of nonphosphorylated β-catenin. Inhibition of Erk activation and neutralizing antibodies to the pigment epithelium derived receptor (PEDF-R) suppressed GSK-3β phosphorylation and accumulation of nonphosphorylated β-catenin in presence of PEDF. Topflash assays demonstrated that PEDF activated luciferase reporter activity and this activity was inhibited by treatment with Erk inhibitor or neutralizing antibodies to PEDF-R. Dickkopf-related protein 1 treatment of the cells in presence of PEDF had minimal effect suggesting that GSK-3β phosphorylation and accumulation of nonphosphorylayted β-catenin may not involve LRP5/6 in osteocytes. Taken together, the data demonstrate that PEDF regulates osteocyte gene expression through its receptor and possible involvement of Erk/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jarret D Cain
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joyce Tombran-Tink
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Niyibizi
- Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State college of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Improving the quality of a recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody against PLXDC2 by optimizing transient expression conditions and purification method. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 146:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang Y, Li H. Identification of proteins associated with paclitaxel resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer using iTRAQ-based proteomics. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9793-9801. [PMID: 29928353 PMCID: PMC6004651 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important adjuvant therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The main cause of chemotherapy failure in EOC is paclitaxel resistance. The present study aimed to identify novel biomarkers to predict chemosensitivity to paclitaxel and improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying paclitaxel resistance in EOC. In the present study, the heterogeneity of EOC was evaluated by adenosine triphosphate-tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) in vitro. Fresh samples were collected from 54 EOC cases during cytoreductive surgery. Tumor cells were isolated, cultured, and tested for sensitivity to paclitaxel. Proteins that were differentially expressed between paclitaxel-resistant tissues and paclitaxel-sensitive tissues were identified via isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. Two upregulated proteins, plexin domain containing 2 (Plxdc2) and cytokeratin 7 (CK7), were selected to verify the iTRAQ method using western blot analysis in EOC tissues with different chemosensitivities (sensitive, weakly sensitive and resistant). There was notable heterogeneity of chemosensitivity in the EOC specimens. Highly to mildly-differentiated or early-stage (I/II) EOC specimens had decreased sensitivity to paclitaxel compared with specimens with low differentiation (P<0.05) or an advanced stage (III; P<0.05), respectively. A total of 496 significantly differentially expressed proteins, including 263 that were downregulated (P<0.05) and 233 that were upregulated (P<0.05) in paclitaxel-resistant tissues compared with paclitaxel-sensitive tissues, were identified using iTRAQ in combination with LC-MS/MS. The expression levels of two proteins associated with paclitaxel resistance, Plxdc2 and CK7, were further validated by western blotting, which revealed that they were upregulated in the paclitaxel-resistant tissues. The present study determined candidate proteins associated with paclitaxel resistance in EOC. Plxdc2 and CK7 may be potential makers for distinguishing patients with paclitaxel-resistant EOC from those with paclitaxel-sensitive EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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Voytyuk I, Mueller SA, Herber J, Snellinx A, Moechars D, van Loo G, Lichtenthaler SF, De Strooper B. BACE2 distribution in major brain cell types and identification of novel substrates. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800026. [PMID: 30456346 PMCID: PMC6238391 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibition is considered one of the most promising therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease, but current BACE1 inhibitors also block BACE2. As the localization and function of BACE2 in the brain remain unknown, it is difficult to predict whether relevant side effects can be caused by off-target inhibition of BACE2 and whether it is important to generate BACE1-specific inhibitors. Here, we show that BACE2 is expressed in discrete subsets of neurons and glia throughout the adult mouse brain. We uncover four new substrates processed by BACE2 in cultured glia: vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, delta and notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, and plexin domain containing 2. Although these substrates were not prominently cleaved by BACE2 in healthy adult mice, proinflammatory TNF induced a drastic increase in BACE2-mediated shedding of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in CSF. Thus, although under steady-state conditions the effect of BACE2 cross-inhibition by BACE1-directed inhibitors is rather subtle, it is important to consider that side effects might become apparent under physiopathological conditions that induce TNF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Voytyuk
- Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan A Mueller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Herber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - An Snellinx
- Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieder Moechars
- Discovery Neuroscience, Janssen Research and Development, Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Gent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Bart De Strooper
- Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- Dementia Research Institute, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Genetic Variant Near PLXDC2 Influences the Risk of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma by Increasing Intraocular Pressure in the Japanese Population. J Glaucoma 2017; 26:963-966. [PMID: 28930887 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to assess the association between the genetic variants that were previously reported to be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Japanese population and the phenotypic features. METHODS A total of 661 Japanese patients including 417 patients with POAG [normal tension glaucoma (NTG), n=210; high tension glaucoma (HTG), n=207] and 244 control subjects without glaucoma were analyzed for 3 genetic variants: rs547984 (near gene: ZP4), rs7081455 (PLXDC2), and rs7961953 (TMTC2). The allele frequency differences between POAG (NTG or HTG) patients and control subjects were estimated. The association between these genetic variants and the phenotypic features, including the maximum intraocular pressure (IOP) and the vertical cup-to-disc ratio, was evaluated. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the rs7081455 (PLXDC2) allele frequencies between the POAG (P=0.0050) patients and the control subjects. An almost 1.5 increase in the risk of POAG (P=0.0042, odds ratio 1.52) was found with a G allele of rs7081455 (PLXDC2). The maximum IOP [23.5±10.3 mm Hg (mean±SD)] in patients with the GG genotype of rs7081455 (PLXDC2) was significantly higher (P=0.0037) than that (19.9±7.4 mm Hg) in patients with the TT genotype. CONCLUSIONS The genetic variant near the PLXDC2 gene was found to influence the risk of POAG by increasing IOP in the Japanese population.
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Liu YH, Wang L, Xu T, Guo X, Li Y, Yin TT, Yang HC, Hu Y, Adeola AC, Sanke OJ, Otecko NO, Wang M, Ma Y, Charles OS, Sinding MHS, Gopalakrishnan S, Alfredo Samaniego J, Hansen AJ, Fernandes C, Gaubert P, Budd J, Dawuda PM, Knispel Rueness E, Jiang L, Zhai W, Gilbert MTP, Peng MS, Qi X, Wang GD, Zhang YP. Whole-Genome Sequencing of African Dogs Provides Insights into Adaptations against Tropical Parasites. Mol Biol Evol 2017; 35:287-298. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Falero-Perez J, Park S, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N. PEDF expression affects retinal endothelial cell proangiogenic properties through alterations in cell adhesive mechanisms. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C405-C420. [PMID: 28747334 PMCID: PMC5668572 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00004.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. Although various ocular cell types including retinal endothelial cells (EC) produce PEDF, we know very little about cell autonomous effects of PEDF in these cell types. Here we determined how PEDF expression affects retinal EC proangiogenic properties. Retinal EC were prepared from wild-type (PEDF+/+) and PEDF-deficient (PEDF-/-) mice. The identity of EC was confirmed by staining for specific markers including vascular endothelial cadherin, CD31, and B4-lectin. Retinal EC also expressed VEGF receptor 1 and endoglin, as well as ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1. PEDF-/- retinal EC were more proliferative, less apoptotic when challenged with H2O2, less migratory, and less adherent compared with PEDF+/+ EC. These changes could be associated, at least in part, with increased levels of tenascin-C, fibronectin, thrombospondin-1 and collagen IV, and lower amounts of osteopontin. PEDF-/- EC also exhibited alterations in expression of a number of integrins including α2, αv, β1, β8, and αvβ3, and cell-cell adhesion molecules including CD31, zonula occluden-1, and occludin. These observations correlated with attenuation of capillary morphogenesis and increased levels of oxidative stress in PEDF-/- EC. PEDF-/- EC also produced lower levels of VEGF compared with PEDF+/+ cells. Thus, PEDF deficiency has a significant impact on retinal EC adhesion and migration, perhaps through altered production of extracellular matrix and junctional proteins in response to increased oxidative stress affecting their proangiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Falero-Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - SunYoung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Christine M Sorenson
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin;
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; and
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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50
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Yoshizawa A, Bi K, Keskin DB, Zhang G, Reinhold B, Reinherz EL. TCR-pMHC encounter differentially regulates transcriptomes of tissue-resident CD8 T cells. Eur J Immunol 2017; 48:128-150. [PMID: 28872670 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the role of TCR-pMHC interaction in regulating lung CD8 tissue-resident T cell (TR ) differentiation, polyclonal responses were compared against NP366-374 /Db and PA224-233 /Db , two immunodominant epitopes that arise during influenza A infection in mice. Memory niches distinct from iBALTs develop within the lamina propria, supporting CD103+ and CD103- CD8 TR generation and intraepithelial translocation. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identify dominant TCR, adherens junction, RIG-I-like and NOD-like pattern recognition receptor as well as TGF-β signaling pathways and memory signatures among PA224-233 /Db T cells consistent with T resident memory (TRM ) status. In contrast, NP366-374 /Db T cells exhibit enrichment of effector signatures, upregulating pro-inflammatory mediators even among TRM . While NP366-374 /Db T cells manifest transcripts linked to canonical exhaustion pathways, PA224-233 /Db T cells exploit P2rx7 purinoreceptor attenuation. The NP366-374 /Db CD103+ subset expresses the antimicrobial lactotransferrin whereas PA224-233 /Db CD103+ utilizes pore-forming mpeg-1, with <22% of genes correspondingly upregulated in CD103+ (or CD103- ) subsets of both specificities. Thus, TCR-pMHC interactions among TR and antigen presenting cells in a tissue milieu strongly impact CD8 T cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Bi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Derin B Keskin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guanglan Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Metropolitan College, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Reinhold
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellis L Reinherz
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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