1
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Baginska U, Balagura G, Toonen RF, Verhage M. High-throughput assay for regulated secretion of neuropeptides in mouse and human neurons. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107321. [PMID: 38677517 PMCID: PMC11170154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are the largest group of chemical signals in the brain. More than 100 different neuropeptides modulate various brain functions and their dysregulation has been associated with neurological disorders. Neuropeptides are packed into dense core vesicles (DCVs), which fuse with the plasma membrane in a calcium-dependent manner. Here, we describe a novel high-throughput assay for DCV exocytosis using a chimera of Nanoluc luciferase and the DCV-cargo neuropeptide Y (NPY). The NPY-Nanoluc reporter colocalized with endogenous DCV markers in all neurons with little mislocalization to other cellular compartments. NPY-Nanoluc reported DCV exocytosis in both rodent and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human neurons, with similar depolarization, Ca2+, RAB3, and STXBP1/MUNC18 dependence as low-throughput assays. Moreover, NPY-Nanoluc accurately reported modulation of DCV exocytosis by known modulators diacylglycerol analog and Ca2+ channel blocker and showed a higher assay sensitivity than a widely used single-cell low-throughput assay. Lastly, we showed that Nanoluc coupled to other secretory markers reports on constitutive secretion. In conclusion, the NPY-Nanoluc is a sensitive reporter of DCV exocytosis in mammalian neurons, suitable for pharmacological and genomic screening for DCV exocytosis genes and for mechanism-based treatments for central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Baginska
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Exact Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ganna Balagura
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Exact Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS 'G. Gaslini' Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ruud F Toonen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Exact Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Functional Genomics, Faculty of Exact Science, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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2
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Xue R, Zhang E, Wang Y. Pre-fusion motion state determines the heterogeneity of membrane fusion dynamics for large dense-core vesicles. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14115. [PMID: 38353019 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM In neuroendocrine cells, large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) undergo highly regulated pre-fusion processes before releasing hormones via membrane fusion. Significant heterogeneity has been found for LDCV population based on the dynamics of membrane fusion. However, how the pre-fusion status impacts the heterogeneity of LDCVs still remains unclear. Hence, we explored pre-fusion determinants of heterogeneous membrane fusion procedure of LDCV subpopulations. METHODS We assessed the pre-fusion motion of two LDCV subpopulations with distinct membrane fusion dynamics individually, using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. These two subpopulations were isolated by blocking Rho GTPase-dependent actin reorganization using Clostridium difficile toxin B (ToxB), which selectively targets the fast fusion vesicle pool. RESULTS We found that the fast fusion subpopulation was in an active motion mode prior to release, termed "active" LDCV pool, while vesicles from the slow fusion subpopulation were also moving but in a significantly more confined status, forming an "inert" pool. The depletion of the active pool by ToxB also eliminated fast fusion vesicles and was not rescued by pre-treatment with phorbol ester. A mild actin reorganization blocker, latrunculin A, that partially disrupted the active pool, only slightly attenuated the fast fusion subpopulation. CONCLUSION The pre-fusion motion state of LDCVs also exhibits heterogeneity and dictates the heterogeneous fusion pore dynamics. Rearrangement of F-actin network mediates vesicle pre-fusion motion and subsequently determines the membrane fusion kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Xue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Enming Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Wu Z, Kusick GF, Berns MMM, Raychaudhuri S, Itoh K, Walter AM, Chapman ER, Watanabe S. Synaptotagmin 7 docks synaptic vesicles to support facilitation and Doc2α-triggered asynchronous release. eLife 2024; 12:RP90632. [PMID: 38536730 PMCID: PMC10972563 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of intense study, the molecular basis of asynchronous neurotransmitter release remains enigmatic. Synaptotagmin (syt) 7 and Doc2 have both been proposed as Ca2+ sensors that trigger this mode of exocytosis, but conflicting findings have led to controversy. Here, we demonstrate that at excitatory mouse hippocampal synapses, Doc2α is the major Ca2+ sensor for asynchronous release, while syt7 supports this process through activity-dependent docking of synaptic vesicles. In synapses lacking Doc2α, asynchronous release after single action potentials is strongly reduced, while deleting syt7 has no effect. However, in the absence of syt7, docked vesicles cannot be replenished on millisecond timescales. Consequently, both synchronous and asynchronous release depress from the second pulse onward during repetitive activity. By contrast, synapses lacking Doc2α have normal activity-dependent docking, but continue to exhibit decreased asynchronous release after multiple stimuli. Moreover, disruption of both Ca2+ sensors is non-additive. These findings result in a new model whereby syt7 drives activity-dependent docking, thus providing synaptic vesicles for synchronous (syt1) and asynchronous (Doc2 and other unidentified sensors) release during ongoing transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyong Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteMadisonUnited States
| | - Grant F Kusick
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Manon MM Berns
- Department of Neuroscience, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sumana Raychaudhuri
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Kie Itoh
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Alexander M Walter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Molecular and Theoretical Neuroscience, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, FMP im CharitéCrossOverBerlinGermany
| | - Edwin R Chapman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteMadisonUnited States
| | - Shigeki Watanabe
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
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4
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Chiu DN, Carter BC. Synaptotagmin 7 Sculpts Short-Term Plasticity at a High Probability Synapse. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1756232023. [PMID: 38262726 PMCID: PMC10904093 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1756-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Synapses with high release probability (Pr ) tend to exhibit short-term synaptic depression. According to the prevailing model, this reflects the temporary depletion of release-ready vesicles after an initial action potential (AP). At the high-Pr layer 4 to layer 2/3 (L4-L2/3) synapse in rodent somatosensory cortex, short-term plasticity appears to contradict the depletion model: depression is absent at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) <50 ms and develops to a maximum at ∼200 ms. To understand the mechanism(s) underlying the biphasic time course of short-term plasticity at this synapse, we used whole-cell electrophysiology and two-photon calcium imaging in acute slices from male and female juvenile mice. We tested several candidate mechanisms including neuromodulation, postsynaptic receptor desensitization, and use-dependent changes in presynaptic AP-evoked calcium. We found that, at single L4-L2/3 synapses, Pr varies as a function of ISI, giving rise to the distinctive short-term plasticity time course. Furthermore, the higher-than-expected Pr at short ISIs depends on expression of synaptotagmin 7 (Syt7). Our results show that two distinct vesicle release processes summate to give rise to short-term plasticity at this synapse: (1) a basal, high-Pr release mechanism that undergoes rapid depression and recovers slowly (τ = ∼3 s) and (2) a Syt7-dependent mechanism that leads to a transient increase in Pr (τ = ∼100 ms) after the initial AP. We thus reveal how these synapses can maintain a very high probability of neurotransmission for multiple APs within a short time frame. Key words : depression; facilitation; short-term plasticity; synaptotagmin 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia N Chiu
- European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Brett C Carter
- European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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5
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Zhao Y, Fang Q, Sharma S, Jakhanwal S, Jahn R, Lindau M. All SNAP25 molecules in the vesicle-plasma membrane contact zone change conformation during vesicle priming. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309161121. [PMID: 38170748 PMCID: PMC10786266 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309161121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In neuronal cell types, vesicular exocytosis is governed by the SNARE (soluble NSF attachment receptor) complex consisting of synaptobrevin2, SNAP25, and syntaxin1. These proteins are required for vesicle priming and fusion. We generated an improved SNAP25-based SNARE COmplex Reporter (SCORE2) incorporating mCeruelan3 and Venus and overexpressed it in SNAP25 knockout embryonic mouse chromaffin cells. This construct rescues vesicle fusion with properties indistinguishable from fusion in wild-type cells. Combining electrochemical imaging of individual release events using electrochemical detector arrays with total internal reflection fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TIR-FRET) imaging reveals a rapid FRET increase preceding individual fusion events by 65 ms. The experiments are performed under conditions of a steady-state cycle of docking, priming, and fusion, and the delay suggests that the FRET change reflects tight docking and priming of the vesicle, followed by fusion after ~65 ms. Given the absence of wt SNAP25, SCORE2 allows determination of the number of molecules at fusion sites and the number that changes conformation. The number of SNAP25 molecules changing conformation in the priming step increases with vesicle size and SNAP25 density in the plasma membrane and equals the number of copies present in the vesicle-plasma membrane contact zone. We estimate that in wt cells, 6 to 7 copies of SNAP25 change conformation during the priming step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Nanoscale Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
| | - Qinghua Fang
- Nanoscale Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
| | - Satyan Sharma
- Nanoscale Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala75124, Sweden
| | - Shrutee Jakhanwal
- Department of Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
| | - Manfred Lindau
- Nanoscale Cell Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, GöttingenD-37077, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL33136
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6
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Neher E. Interpretation of presynaptic phenotypes of synaptic plasticity in terms of a two-step priming process. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313454. [PMID: 38112713 PMCID: PMC10730358 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on synaptic proteins involved in neurotransmitter release often aim at distinguishing between their roles in vesicle priming (the docking of synaptic vesicles to the plasma membrane and the assembly of a release machinery) as opposed to the process of vesicle fusion. This has traditionally been done by estimating two parameters, the size of the pool of fusion-competent vesicles (the readily releasable pool, RRP) and the probability that such vesicles are released by an action potential, with the aim of determining how these parameters are affected by molecular perturbations. Here, it is argued that the assumption of a homogeneous RRP may be too simplistic and may blur the distinction between vesicle priming and fusion. Rather, considering priming as a dynamic and reversible multistep process allows alternative interpretations of mutagenesis-induced changes in synaptic transmission and suggests mechanisms for variability in synaptic strength and short-term plasticity among synapses, as well as for interactions between short- and long-term plasticity. In many cases, assigned roles of proteins or causes for observed phenotypes are shifted from fusion- to priming-related when considering multistep priming. Activity-dependent enhancement of priming is an essential element in this alternative view and its variation among synapse types can explain why some synapses show depression and others show facilitation at low to intermediate stimulation frequencies. Multistep priming also suggests a mechanism for frequency invariance of steady-state release, which can be observed in some synapses involved in sensory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Neher
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Courtney KC, Mandal T, Mehta N, Wu L, Li Y, Das D, Cui Q, Chapman ER. Synaptotagmin-7 outperforms synaptotagmin-1 to promote the formation of large, stable fusion pores via robust membrane penetration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7761. [PMID: 38012142 PMCID: PMC10681989 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptotagmin-1 and synaptotagmin-7 are two prominent calcium sensors that regulate exocytosis in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells. Upon binding calcium, both proteins partially penetrate lipid bilayers that bear anionic phospholipids, but the specific underlying mechanisms that enable them to trigger exocytosis remain controversial. Here, we examine the biophysical properties of these two synaptotagmin isoforms and compare their interactions with phospholipid membranes. We discover that synaptotagmin-1-membrane interactions are greatly influenced by membrane order; tight packing of phosphatidylserine inhibits binding due to impaired membrane penetration. In contrast, synaptotagmin-7 exhibits robust membrane binding and penetration activity regardless of phospholipid acyl chain structure. Thus, synaptotagmin-7 is a super-penetrator. We exploit these observations to specifically isolate and examine the role of membrane penetration in synaptotagmin function. Using nanodisc-black lipid membrane electrophysiology, we demonstrate that membrane penetration is a critical component that underlies how synaptotagmin proteins regulate reconstituted, exocytic fusion pores in response to calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Courtney
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Taraknath Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Nikunj Mehta
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lanxi Wu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Yueqi Li
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Debasis Das
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Edwin R Chapman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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8
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Jusyte M, Blaum N, Böhme MA, Berns MMM, Bonard AE, Vámosi ÁB, Pushpalatha KV, Kobbersmed JRL, Walter AM. Unc13A dynamically stabilizes vesicle priming at synaptic release sites for short-term facilitation and homeostatic potentiation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112541. [PMID: 37243591 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic plasticity adjusts neurotransmitter (NT) liberation. Short-term facilitation (STF) tunes synapses to millisecond repetitive activation, while presynaptic homeostatic potentiation (PHP) of NT release stabilizes transmission over minutes. Despite different timescales of STF and PHP, our analysis of Drosophila neuromuscular junctions reveals functional overlap and shared molecular dependence on the release-site protein Unc13A. Mutating Unc13A's calmodulin binding domain (CaM-domain) increases baseline transmission while blocking STF and PHP. Mathematical modeling suggests that Ca2+/calmodulin/Unc13A interaction plastically stabilizes vesicle priming at release sites and that CaM-domain mutation causes constitutive stabilization, thereby blocking plasticity. Labeling the functionally essential Unc13A MUN domain reveals higher STED microscopy signals closer to release sites following CaM-domain mutation. Acute phorbol ester treatment similarly enhances NT release and blocks STF/PHP in synapses expressing wild-type Unc13A, while CaM-domain mutation occludes this, indicating common downstream effects. Thus, Unc13A regulatory domains integrate signals across timescales to switch release-site participation for synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meida Jusyte
- Molecular and Theoretical Neuroscience, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalie Blaum
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathias A Böhme
- Molecular and Theoretical Neuroscience, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany; Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manon M M Berns
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alix E Bonard
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ábel B Vámosi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Janus R L Kobbersmed
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alexander M Walter
- Molecular and Theoretical Neuroscience, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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9
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Maneu V, Borges R, Gandía L, García AG. Forty years of the adrenal chromaffin cell through ISCCB meetings around the world. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:667-690. [PMID: 36884064 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
This historical review focuses on the evolution of the knowledge accumulated during the last two centuries on the biology of the adrenal medulla gland and its chromaffin cells (CCs). The review emerged in the context of a series of meetings that started on the Spanish island of Ibiza in 1982 with the name of the International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology (ISCCB). Hence, the review is divided into two periods namely, before 1982 and from this year to 2022, when the 21st ISCCB meeting was just held in Hamburg, Germany. The first historical period extends back to 1852 when Albert Kölliker first described the fine structure and function of the adrenal medulla. Subsequently, the adrenal staining with chromate salts identified the CCs; this was followed by the establishment of the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla, and the identification of adrenaline-storing vesicles. By the end of the nineteenth century, the basic morphology, histochemistry, and embryology of the adrenal gland were known. The twentieth century began with breakthrough findings namely, the experiment of Elliott suggesting that adrenaline was the sympathetic neurotransmitter, the isolation of pure adrenaline, and the deciphering of its molecular structure and chemical synthesis in the laboratory. In the 1950s, Blaschko isolated the catecholamine-storing vesicles from adrenal medullary extracts. This switched the interest in CCs as models of sympathetic neurons with an explosion of studies concerning their functions, i.e., uptake of catecholamines by chromaffin vesicles through a specific coupled transport system; the identification of several vesicle components in addition to catecholamines including chromogranins, ATP, opioids, and other neuropeptides; the calcium-dependence of the release of catecholamines; the underlying mechanism of exocytosis of this release, as indicated by the co-release of proteins; the cross-talk between the adrenal cortex and the medulla; and the emission of neurite-like processes by CCs in culture, among other numerous findings. The 1980s began with the introduction of new high-resolution techniques such as patch-clamp, calcium probes, marine toxins-targeting ion channels and receptors, confocal microscopy, or amperometry. In this frame of technological advances at the Ibiza ISCCB meeting in 1982, 11 senior researchers in the field predicted a notable increase in our knowledge in the field of CCs and the adrenal medulla; this cumulative knowledge that occurred in the last 40 years of history of the CC is succinctly described in the second part of this historical review. It deals with cell excitability, ion channel currents, the exocytotic fusion pore, the handling of calcium ions by CCs, the kinetics of exocytosis and endocytosis, the exocytotic machinery, and the life cycle of secretory vesicles. These concepts together with studies on the dynamics of membrane fusion with super-resolution imaging techniques at the single-protein level were extensively reviewed by top scientists in the field at the 21st ISCCB meeting in Hamburg in the summer of 2022; this frontier topic is also briefly reviewed here. Many of the concepts arising from those studies contributed to our present understanding of synaptic transmission. This has been studied in physiological or pathophysiological conditions, in CCs from animal disease models. In conclusion, the lessons we have learned from CC biology as a peripheral model for brain and brain disease pertain more than ever to cutting-edge research in neurobiology. In the 22nd ISCCB meeting in Israel in 2024 that Uri Asheri is organizing, we will have the opportunity of seeing the progress of the questions posed in Ibiza, and on other questions that undoubtedly will arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Maneu
- Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ricardo Borges
- Unidad de Farmacología, Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Gandía
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G García
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Morales A, Mohan R, Chen X, Coffman BL, Bendahmane M, Watch L, West JL, Bakshi S, Traynor JR, Giovannucci DR, Kammermeier PJ, Axelrod D, Currie KP, Smrcka AV, Anantharam A. PACAP and acetylcholine cause distinct Ca2+ signals and secretory responses in chromaffin cells. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213180. [PMID: 36538657 PMCID: PMC9770323 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The adrenomedullary chromaffin cell transduces chemical messages into outputs that regulate end organ function throughout the periphery. At least two important neurotransmitters are released by innervating preganglionic neurons to stimulate exocytosis in the chromaffin cell-acetylcholine (ACh) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP). Although PACAP is widely acknowledged as an important secretagogue in this system, the pathway coupling PACAP stimulation to chromaffin cell secretion is poorly understood. The goal of this study is to address this knowledge gap. Here, it is shown that PACAP activates a Gαs-coupled pathway that must signal through phospholipase C ε (PLCε) to drive Ca2+ entry and exocytosis. PACAP stimulation causes a complex pattern of Ca2+ signals in chromaffin cells, leading to a sustained secretory response that is kinetically distinct from the form stimulated by ACh. Exocytosis caused by PACAP is associated with slower release of peptide cargo than exocytosis stimulated by ACh. Importantly, only the secretory response to PACAP, not ACh, is eliminated in cells lacking PLCε expression. The data show that ACh and PACAP, acting through distinct signaling pathways, enable nuanced and variable secretory outputs from chromaffin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Morales
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mohan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Lester Watch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua L. West
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shreeya Bakshi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John R. Traynor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Paul J. Kammermeier
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Axelrod
- Department of Physics and LSA Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kevin P.M. Currie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Alan V. Smrcka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arun Anantharam
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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11
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Martinez Damonte V, Pomrenze MB, Manning CE, Casper C, Wolfden AL, Malenka RC, Kauer JA. Somatodendritic Release of Cholecystokinin Potentiates GABAergic Synapses Onto Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Cells. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:197-208. [PMID: 35961792 PMCID: PMC9976994 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptides are contained in nearly every neuron in the central nervous system and can be released not only from nerve terminals but also from somatodendritic sites. Cholecystokinin (CCK), among the most abundant neuropeptides in the brain, is expressed in the majority of midbrain dopamine neurons. Despite this high expression, CCK function within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is not well understood. METHODS We confirmed CCK expression in VTA dopamine neurons through immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization and detected optogenetically induced CCK release using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To investigate whether CCK modulates VTA circuit activity, we used whole-cell patch clamp recordings in mouse brain slices. We infused CCK locally in vivo and tested food intake and locomotion in fasted mice. We also used in vivo fiber photometry to measure Ca2+ transients in dopamine neurons during feeding. RESULTS Here we report that VTA dopamine neurons release CCK from somatodendritic regions, where it triggers long-term potentiation of GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) synapses. The somatodendritic release occurs during trains of optogenetic stimuli or prolonged but modest depolarization and is dependent on synaptotagmin-7 and T-type Ca2+ channels. Depolarization-induced long-term potentiation is blocked by a CCK2 receptor antagonist and mimicked by exogenous CCK. Local infusion of CCK in vivo inhibits food consumption and decreases distance traveled in an open field test. Furthermore, intra-VTA-infused CCK reduced dopamine cell Ca2+ signals during food consumption after an overnight fast and was correlated with reduced food intake. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments introduce somatodendritic neuropeptide release as a previously unknown feedback regulator of VTA dopamine cell excitability and dopamine-related behaviors.
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12
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Riachy L, Ferrand T, Chasserot-Golaz S, Galas L, Alexandre S, Montero-Hadjadje M. Advanced Imaging Approaches to Reveal Molecular Mechanisms Governing Neuroendocrine Secretion. Neuroendocrinology 2023; 113:107-119. [PMID: 34915491 DOI: 10.1159/000521457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the molecular mechanisms governing neuroendocrine secretion and resulting intercellular communication is one of the great challenges of cell biology to better understand organism physiology and neurosecretion disruption-related pathologies such as hypertension, neurodegenerative, or metabolic diseases. To visualize molecule distribution and dynamics at the nanoscale, many imaging approaches have been developed and are still emerging. In this review, we provide an overview of the pioneering studies using transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, total internal reflection microscopy, and super-resolution microscopy in neuroendocrine cells to visualize molecular mechanisms driving neurosecretion processes, including exocytosis and associated fusion pores, endocytosis and associated recycling vesicles, and protein-protein or protein-lipid interactions. Furthermore, the potential and the challenges of these different advanced imaging approaches for application in the study of neuroendocrine cell biology are discussed, aiming to guide researchers to select the best approach for their specific purpose around the crucial but not yet fully understood neurosecretion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Riachy
- Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale de Normandie, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Ferrand
- Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale de Normandie, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, Rouen, France
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ludovic Galas
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, PRIMACEN, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Alexandre
- Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces Laboratory, CNRS, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, UMR 6270, Rouen, France
| | - Maité Montero-Hadjadje
- Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale de Normandie, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, Rouen, France
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13
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Han QF, Li WJ, Hu KS, Gao J, Zhai WL, Yang JH, Zhang SJ. Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:207. [PMID: 36320056 PMCID: PMC9623991 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are well-known key mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to various physiological and pathological processes. Their biogenesis involves four key steps, including cargo sorting, MVB formation and maturation, transport of MVBs, and MVB fusion with the plasma membrane. Each process is modulated through the competition or coordination of multiple mechanisms, whereby diverse repertoires of molecular cargos are sorted into distinct subpopulations of exosomes, resulting in the high heterogeneity of exosomes. Intriguingly, cancer cells exploit various strategies, such as aberrant gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and altered signaling pathways, to regulate the biogenesis, composition, and eventually functions of exosomes to promote cancer progression. Therefore, exosome biogenesis-targeted therapy is being actively explored. In this review, we systematically summarize recent progress in understanding the machinery of exosome biogenesis and how it is regulated in the context of cancer. In particular, we highlight pharmacological targeting of exosome biogenesis as a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fang Han
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Kai-Shun Hu
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Jie Gao
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Wen-Long Zhai
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Jing-Hua Yang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Clinical Systems Biology Key Laboratories of Henan, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
| | - Shui-Jun Zhang
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733Henan Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Diagnosis & Treatment League for Hepatopathy, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China ,Henan Engineering & Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Diseases, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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14
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Kobbersmed JRL, Berns MMM, Ditlevsen S, Sørensen JB, Walter AM. Allosteric stabilization of calcium and phosphoinositide dual binding engages several synaptotagmins in fast exocytosis. eLife 2022; 11:74810. [PMID: 35929728 PMCID: PMC9489213 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic communication relies on the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the plasma membrane, which leads to neurotransmitter release. This exocytosis is triggered by brief and local elevations of intracellular Ca2+ with remarkably high sensitivity. How this is molecularly achieved is unknown. While synaptotagmins confer the Ca2+ sensitivity of neurotransmitter exocytosis, biochemical measurements reported Ca2+ affinities too low to account for synaptic function. However, synaptotagmin’s Ca2+ affinity increases upon binding the plasma membrane phospholipid PI(4,5)P2 and, vice versa, Ca2+ binding increases synaptotagmin’s PI(4,5)P2 affinity, indicating a stabilization of the Ca2+/PI(4,5)P2 dual-bound state. Here, we devise a molecular exocytosis model based on this positive allosteric stabilization and the assumptions that (1.) synaptotagmin Ca2+/PI(4,5)P2 dual binding lowers the energy barrier for vesicle fusion and that (2.) the effect of multiple synaptotagmins on the energy barrier is additive. The model, which relies on biochemically measured Ca2+/PI(4,5)P2 affinities and protein copy numbers, reproduced the steep Ca2+ dependency of neurotransmitter release. Our results indicate that each synaptotagmin engaging in Ca2+/PI(4,5)P2 dual-binding lowers the energy barrier for vesicle fusion by ~5 kBT and that allosteric stabilization of this state enables the synchronized engagement of several (typically three) synaptotagmins for fast exocytosis. Furthermore, we show that mutations altering synaptotagmin’s allosteric properties may show dominant-negative effects, even though synaptotagmins act independently on the energy barrier, and that dynamic changes of local PI(4,5)P2 (e.g. upon vesicle movement) dramatically impact synaptic responses. We conclude that allosterically stabilized Ca2+/PI(4,5)P2 dual binding enables synaptotagmins to exert their coordinated function in neurotransmission. For our brains and nervous systems to work properly, the nerve cells within them must be able to ‘talk’ to each other. They do this by releasing chemical signals called neurotransmitters which other cells can detect and respond to. Neurotransmitters are packaged in tiny membrane-bound spheres called vesicles. When a cell of the nervous system needs to send a signal to its neighbours, the vesicles fuse with the outer membrane of the cell, discharging their chemical contents for other cells to detect. The initial trigger for neurotransmitter release is a short, fast increase in the amount of calcium ions inside the signalling cell. One of the main proteins that helps regulate this process is synaptotagmin which binds to calcium and gives vesicles the signal to start unloading their chemicals. Despite acting as a calcium sensor, synaptotagmin actually has a very low affinity for calcium ions by itself, meaning that it would not be efficient for the protein to respond alone. Synpatotagmin is more likely to bind to calcium if it is attached to a molecule called PIP2, which is found in the membranes of cells The effect also occurs in reverse, as the binding of calcium to synaptotagmin increases the protein’s affinity for PIP2. However, how these three molecules – synaptotagmin, PIP2, and calcium – work together to achieve the physiological release of neurotransmitters is poorly understood. To help answer this question, Kobbersmed, Berns et al. set up a computer simulation of ‘virtual vesicles’ using available experimental data on synaptotagmin’s affinity with calcium and PIP2. In this simulation, synaptotagmin could only trigger the release of neurotransmitters when bound to both calcium and PIP2. The model also showed that each ‘complex’ of synaptotagmin/calcium/PIP2 made the vesicles more likely to fuse with the outer membrane of the cell – to the extent that only a handful of synaptotagmin molecules were needed to start neurotransmitter release from a single vesicle. These results shed new light on a biological process central to the way nerve cells communicate with each other. In the future, Kobbersmed, Berns et al. hope that this insight will help us to understand the cause of diseases where communication in the nervous system is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janus R L Kobbersmed
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manon M M Berns
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Ditlevsen
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alexander M Walter
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Houy S, Streit L, Drissa I, Rame M, Decraene C, Moog S, Brunaud L, Lanoix J, Chelbi R, Bihain F, Lacomme S, Lomazzi S, Campoli P, Vix M, Mutter D, Paramithiotis E, Dubessy C, Vitale N, Ory S, Gasman S. Dysfunction of calcium-regulated exocytosis at a single-cell level causes catecholamine hypersecretion in patients with pheochromocytoma. Cancer Lett 2022; 543:215765. [PMID: 35680072 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors arising from hormone-secreting cells and are generally associated with a dysfunction of secretion. Pheochromocytoma (Pheo) is a neuroendocrine tumor that develops from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, and is responsible for an excess of catecholamine secretion leading to severe clinical symptoms such as hypertension, elevated stroke risk and various cardiovascular complications. Surprisingly, while the hypersecretory activity of Pheo is well known to pathologists and clinicians, it has never been carefully explored at the cellular and molecular levels. In the present study, we have combined catecholamine secretion measurement by carbon fiber amperometry on human tumor cells directly cultured from freshly resected Pheos, with the analysis by mass spectrometry of the exocytotic proteins differentially expressed between the tumor and the matched adjacent non-tumor tissue. In most patients, catecholamine secretion recordings from single Pheo cells revealed a higher number of exocytic events per cell associated with faster kinetic parameters. Accordingly, we unravel significant tumor-associated modifications in the expression of key proteins involved in different steps of the calcium-regulated exocytic pathway. Altogether, our findings indicate that dysfunction of the calcium-regulated exocytosis at the level of individual Pheo cell is a cause of the tumor-associated hypersecretion of catecholamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Houy
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Streit
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Inès Drissa
- Univ. Rouen, INSERM, Normandie Univ., Différenciation et Communication Neuroendocrine, Endocrine et Germinale, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Marion Rame
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Charles Decraene
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sophie Moog
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Brunaud
- Département de Chirurgie Viscérale, Métabolique et Cancérologique (CVMC), INSERM NGERE-U1256, Université de Lorraine, CHRU NANCY, Hôpital Brabois adultes, F-54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Joël Lanoix
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada, Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Rabie Chelbi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France; Inovarion, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Florence Bihain
- Département de Chirurgie Viscérale, Métabolique et Cancérologique (CVMC), INSERM NGERE-U1256, Université de Lorraine, CHRU NANCY, Hôpital Brabois adultes, F-54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Lacomme
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Lorrain, CHRU Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, F-54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sandra Lomazzi
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques Lorrain, CHRU Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, F-54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Campoli
- Department of Biopathology, CHRU-ICL, CHRU Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France and Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lorraine, F-54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Michel Vix
- NHC Strasbourg, Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Endocrinienne des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital Civil, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Didier Mutter
- NHC Strasbourg, Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Endocrinienne des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital Civil, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Christophe Dubessy
- Univ. Rouen, INSERM, Normandie Univ., Différenciation et Communication Neuroendocrine, Endocrine et Germinale, F-76000, Rouen, France; Univ. Rouen, INSERM, CNRS, HERACLES, PRIMACEN, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
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Delignat-Lavaud B, Ducrot C, Kouwenhoven W, Feller N, Trudeau LÉ. Implication of synaptotagmins 4 and 7 in activity-dependent somatodendritic dopamine release in the ventral midbrain. Open Biol 2022; 12:210339. [PMID: 35232250 PMCID: PMC8889187 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) neurons can release DA not just from axon terminals, but also from their somatodendritic (STD) compartment through a mechanism that is still incompletely understood. Using voltammetry in mouse mesencephalic brain slices, we find that STD DA release has low capacity and shows a calcium sensitivity that is comparable to that of axonal release. We find that the molecular mechanism of STD DA release differs from axonal release with regard to the implication of synaptotagmin (Syt) calcium sensors. While individual constitutive knockout of Syt4 or Syt7 is not sufficient to reduce STD DA release, the removal of both isoforms reduces this release by approximately 50%, leaving axonal release unimpaired. Our work unveils clear differences in the mechanisms of STD and axonal DA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Charles Ducrot
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Willemieke Kouwenhoven
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Nina Feller
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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