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Grunnill M, Arino J, McCarthy Z, Bragazzi NL, Coudeville L, Thommes EW, Amiche A, Ghasemi A, Bourouiba L, Tofighi M, Asgary A, Baky-Haskuee M, Wu J. Modelling disease mitigation at mass gatherings: A case study of COVID-19 at the 2022 FIFA World Cup. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011018. [PMID: 38236838 PMCID: PMC10796029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2022 FIFA World Cup was the first major multi-continental sporting Mass Gathering Event (MGE) of the post COVID-19 era to allow foreign spectators. Such large-scale MGEs can potentially lead to outbreaks of infectious disease and contribute to the global dissemination of such pathogens. Here we adapt previous work and create a generalisable model framework for assessing the use of disease control strategies at such events, in terms of reducing infections and hospitalisations. This framework utilises a combination of meta-populations based on clusters of people and their vaccination status, Ordinary Differential Equation integration between fixed time events, and Latin Hypercube sampling. We use the FIFA 2022 World Cup as a case study for this framework (modelling each match as independent 7 day MGEs). Pre-travel screenings of visitors were found to have little effect in reducing COVID-19 infections and hospitalisations. With pre-match screenings of spectators and match staff being more effective. Rapid Antigen (RA) screenings 0.5 days before match day performed similarly to RT-PCR screenings 1.5 days before match day. Combinations of pre-travel and pre-match testing led to improvements. However, a policy of ensuring that all visitors had a COVID-19 vaccination (second or booster dose) within a few months before departure proved to be much more efficacious. The State of Qatar abandoned all COVID-19 related travel testing and vaccination requirements over the period of the World Cup. Our work suggests that the State of Qatar may have been correct in abandoning the pre-travel testing of visitors. However, there was a spike in COVID-19 cases and hospitalisations within Qatar over the World Cup. Given our findings and the spike in cases, we suggest a policy requiring visitors to have had a recent COVID-19 vaccination should have been in place to reduce cases and hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grunnill
- Laboratory of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julien Arino
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Zachary McCarthy
- Laboratory of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Edward W. Thommes
- Modeling, Epidemiology and Data Science (MEDS), Sanofi, Lyon, France
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Abbas Ghasemi
- The Fluid Dynamics of Disease Transmission Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lydia Bourouiba
- The Fluid Dynamics of Disease Transmission Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mohammadali Tofighi
- Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research, York University, Toronto, Canada
- Disaster & Emergency Management, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ali Asgary
- Disaster & Emergency Management, York University, Toronto, Canada
- York Emergency Mitigation, Response, Engagement and Governance Institute, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jianhong Wu
- Laboratory of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- York Emergency Mitigation, Response, Engagement and Governance Institute, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ghasemi A, Azarfar A, Omidi-Mirzaei H, Fadayifar A, Hashemzadeh F, Ghaffari MH. Effects of corn processing index and forage source on performance, blood parameters, and ruminal fermentation of dairy calves. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17914. [PMID: 37864062 PMCID: PMC10589202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of corn processing index (CPI)-particularly at 70% and 85%-in starter feed in combination with the provision of forage, either alfalfa hay (AH) or wheat straw (WS), on feed intake, growth performance, rumen pH, and blood metabolites of dairy calves. Forty-eight male Holstein calves (43.0 ± 1.5 kg body weight) were randomly assigned (n = 12 calves per treatment) to one of four dietary treatments: (1) a textured starter diet containing 70% CPI and AH (70CPIAH), (2) a textured starter feed containing 70% CPI combined with WS (70CPIWS), (3) a textured starter feed containing 85% CPI and AH (85CPIAH), (4) a textured starter feed containing 85% CPI combined with WS (85CPIWS). Intake of starter feed (TMR) and milk was individually monitored and recorded daily, while body weight was measured weekly. On days 30 and 65, blood samples were collected from all calves 3 h after morning feeding. No interaction was detected between the CPI of starter feed diets and forage provision for starter intake, dry matter intake (DMI), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), feed efficiency (FE), average daily gain (ADG), and body weight (BW). The preweaning and overall DMI, preweaning, postweaning and overall FE and ADG, preweaning and overall starter intake, preweaning and overall ME intake, and postweaning and overall BW were greater for calves fed 85CPI than those fed 70CPI starter diets. Postweaning and overall ADG and postweaning FE were greater in calves fed WS than those fed AH. Body length and hip width were greater for calves offered 85CPI than in fed 70CPI. Wheat straw supplementation increased rumen pH at day 65 in calves fed 70CPI, but not in those fed 85CPI. No interaction was found between the CPI in the starter feed diet and the forage source for starter intake and DMI, MEI, FE, and BW. The results showed that including corn with 85% processing index in dairy calf starters improved their growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, PO Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - A Azarfar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, PO Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - H Omidi-Mirzaei
- Animal Science Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, PO Box 81785-199, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A Fadayifar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, PO Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - F Hashemzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - M H Ghaffari
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
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Cho WS, Bonduelle Q, Ghasemi A, Baskaran V, O'Connor R, Shah J, Andrewartha F, Fergie N. Prognosticating patients with necrotising otitis externa based on response to treatment. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:285-290. [PMID: 33682472 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.7133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necrotising otitis externa (NOE) is a severe infection of the temporal bone. The traditional severity based staging system does not fully prognosticate all patients with NOE. We hypothesise that a patient response staging system would more accurately capture the disease process and guide prognosis. METHODS We carried out a retrospective notes review of patients diagnosed with NOE from January 2017 to December 2018 in a regional tertiary referral centre. Patient outcomes from our proposed patient response staging system were compared to a modified previously published severity based Gleeson staging system with patients requiring prolonged treatment classified as having a poor outcome. RESULTS A total of 34 patients were treated for NOE. The majority were male (n=24) and had diabetes (n=25). Patients with the most severe Gleeson staging did not have the worst outcome. Daily delay in resolution of otorrhoea was associated with an increased need for more than six weeks of treatment. Rapid responders are patients who had resolution of otalgia, otorrhoea and C-reactive protein normalisation within 14 days, and all were cured following standard 6 weeks of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The Gleeson staging system was valuable in assessing the extent of disease and all early Gleeson staged patients had good outcomes. However, patients with higher severity staging on the Gleeson system did not necessarily require prolonged treatment. There is a role for a joint approach in staging patients based on both modified Gleeson and treatment response, which would subsequently guide prognosis, duration of treatment and early diagnosis of potential fungal NOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Cho
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Q Bonduelle
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Ghasemi
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - V Baskaran
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - R O'Connor
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - J Shah
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - N Fergie
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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Abstract
The intriguing multi-scale fractal patterns ubiquitously observed in nature similarly emerge as fascinating structures in two-phase fluid flows of bio-oil breakup and atomization processes. High-resolution microscopy of the two-phase flows under 15 flow conditions (cases of different flow rates of the liquid and co-flowing air streams as well as different degrees of liquid preheating) reveal that the geometrical complexities evolve under the competing/combined action of the instability mechanisms such as Kelvin-Helmholtz, Rayleigh-Taylor and Rayleigh-Plateau leading into the transition from break-up to atomization. A thorough analysis of the higher order moments of statistics evaluated based on the probability density functions from 15,000 fractal dimension samples suggest that a single-value analysis is not sufficient to describe the complex reshaping mechanisms in two-phase flows. Consistently positive skewness of the statistics reveal the role of abrupt two-phase mechanisms such as liquid column rupture, ligament disintegration, liquid sheet bursting and droplet distortions in a hierarchical geometrical entanglement. Further, large kurtosis values at increased flow inertia are found associated with turbulence-induced intermittent geometrical reshaping. Interestingly, the proposed power-law correlation reveals that the global droplet size obtained from laser-diffraction measurements declines as the two-phase geometrical complexity increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ghasemi
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Gas Turbine Laboratory, Aerospace Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Sangsig Yun
- Gas Turbine Laboratory, Aerospace Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Xianguo Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Talebizadehsardari P, Ehyaei M, Ahmadi A, Jamali D, Shirmohammadi R, Eyvazian A, Ghasemi A, Rosen MA. Energy, exergy, economic, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental (5E) analyses of a triple cycle with carbon capture. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ghasemi A, Fazaeli R, Ghiasi R. DFT and NBO Studies of Stability, Electronic, and Structural Features of the 2-fluoroacetaldehyde Conformers. Egypt J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2019.16737.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ghasemi M, Malek M, Javanmard SH, Ghasemi A, Esfahani HN, Vaseghi G. Atorvastatin enhances apoptotic effects of tamoxifen on melanoma cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 120:752-756. [PMID: 31663350 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2019_125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIM Tamoxifen engages mitochondrial estrogen receptor beta as an antagonist, increases mitochondrial cytotoxicity and induces tumor cell death. Tamoxifen also engages plasma membrane estrogen receptor alpha as an agonist, while it is suggested that in some users its activation is put into action by mechanism of resistance to tamoxifen. Apoptotic inducers have been shown to promote tamoxifen-induced cell death, which might be of great importance in overcoming tamoxifen resistance. Considering the pleiotropic effects of statins, in the present study, we investigated the effects of atorvastatin on tamoxifen-induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway activity in melanoma cells. METHODS Melanoma B16F10 cells were treated for 24 and 48 h with various concentrations of tamoxifen, atorvastatin and combination of tamoxifen + atorvastatin. Cells with no treatment were considered a control group, and the study was then followed by quantitative RT- PCR assay. Bax and cytochrome c gene expressions were calculated by ΔΔct method. RESULTS Co-treatment of atorvastatin + tamoxifen could strongly enhance the expression of pro/apoptotic factors of Bax and cytochrome c in melanoma cells compared to the tamoxifen and atorvastatin groups. CONCLUSION In general, we conclude that the atorvastatin-induced increase in Bax and cytochrome c gene expression might be a permissive response to tamoxifen-induced cell death (Fig. 2, Ref. 37).
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Valadbeigi T, Tabatabaee HR, Etemad K, Keyghobadi N, Mahdavi S, Enayatrad M, Saeidinejat S, Yaghoobi H, Zolfizadeh F, Ghasemi A, Hajipour M. The association between low birth weight and mothers diseases in Iran: A case-control study. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2019; 12:449-456. [PMID: 31256076 DOI: 10.3233/npm-180068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonates are too vulnerable that low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth can easily threaten their lives. Demographic, social and environmental factors as well as health care are contributing factors for LBW. The study was conducted in 10 provinces of Iran to investigate the association between LBW and mother's diseases. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in 10 provinces of Iran on 2580 mothers (712 cases and 1868 controls) referred to public health care centers. We used a questionnaire to collect data. For univariate analysis we used chi-square test and for multivariable analysis we used logistic regression model. RESULTS LBW was significantly associated with living in rural area (OR = 1.4 CI: 1.14-1.71), having body mass index (BMI)<18 (OR = 1.48 CI: 1.14-1.92), being a housewife (OR = 1.65 CI: 1.07-2.53), having high blood pressure (OR = 1.91 CI: 1.26-2.88), and having pregnancy without testing for diabetes (OR = 1.91 CI: 1.44-2.54). Minor thalassemia, hypothyroidism, oral health care and headache were not significant predictors for LBW. CONCLUSION In this study, we observed that place of residence, BMI before pregnancy, mother's occupation and gestational diabetes were significant predictors of LBW. It is necessary to improve women's awareness about prenatal health care before pregnancy to avoid LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Valadbeigi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - H Reza Tabatabaee
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - K Etemad
- Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Keyghobadi
- Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - S Mahdavi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - M Enayatrad
- Department of Epidemiology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - S Saeidinejat
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Yaghoobi
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - F Zolfizadeh
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - M Hajipour
- Student research committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Poursoleiman A, Karimi-Jafari MH, Zolmajd-Haghighi Z, Bagheri M, Haertlé T, Behbehani GR, Ghasemi A, Stroylova YY, Muronetz VI, Saboury AA. Polymyxins interaction to the human serum albumin: A thermodynamic and computational study. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 217:155-163. [PMID: 30933779 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymyxin B and E (colistin), are a group of cationic charged cyclic antibiotic lipopeptides that are frequently used in the clinics to treat infections caused by the multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Since the interactions with the blood plasma drug-transport proteins may play a critical role in determining their pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles, we studied the binding properties of polymyxins to the human serum albumin (HSA) under simulated physiological conditions by the combination of biophysical approaches, such as isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), fluorescence anisotropy, circular dichroism (CD) buttressed by computational studies. The HSA binding to the polymyxins was relatively strong (Ka ≈ 1.0 × 107 M-1). Molecular docking indicated that polymyxins bind to the cleft of HSA between domains I and III via the electrostatic interactions. This evidence was further confirmed by the entropy-driven interaction for the polymyxins bound HSA. Far UV-CD experiments showed that the secondary structure of HSA doesn't alter and its stable structure is preserved. Collectively, these investigations revealed that the polymyxins bind preferentially to the partially unfolded intermediate forms of the protein structure; however, HSA molecule does not undergo any significant conformational changes upon binding. This is promising as it may limit the unfavorable side effects of the medicine. On the whole, the results provide quantitative and qualitative insight of the binding interaction between HSA and polymyxins, which is important in understanding their effect as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Poursoleiman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M H Karimi-Jafari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Zolmajd-Haghighi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Bagheri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - T Haertlé
- Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan, Poland; Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies, UR 1268, Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nantes, France
| | - G Rezaei Behbehani
- Chemistry Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Y Y Stroylova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Muronetz
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghasemi A, Ahmet Tuna B, Li X. Inverse cascade of the vortical structures near the contact line of evaporating sessile droplets. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6784. [PMID: 31043684 PMCID: PMC6494804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43289-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microscopic imaging as well as the particle image velocimetry (PIV) are carried out to evaluate the concentration, velocity and vorticity fields near the contact line of the nano-particles-laden evaporating sessile droplets. After the onset of the linear thermocapillary instabilities due to the Marangoni perturbations, the non-linear state sets in and the micro-scale jet-like vortex structures are ejected from the contact line towards the center of the droplet. Afterwards, the jet-like vortical structures expand in the spanwise directions and start to interact with the neighbouring structures. Two types of the inverse cascade mechanisms are found to occur. In the first kind, the vortices of the similar length scale merge and continuously produce larger vortices and corresponding wavelength growth. The second inverse cascade mechanism takes place due to the entrainment of the smaller vortices into the larger structures. Both inverse cascade processes are identified as the continuous feeding of the kinetic energy from the smaller scales to the larger scales. For individual micro-jets the velocity field characterizes the jet-like vortex structures ejected from the contact line towards the droplet center opposing the bulk flow from the center towards the contact line. In addition, the vorticity field overlaid by the velocity streamlines identify the sense of rotation of the low pressure zones on either side of the micro-jet as well as the high pressure stagnation point at the tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ghasemi
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Burak Ahmet Tuna
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xianguo Li
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Abstract
A stoichiometric and high crystalline quality Er2Ti2O7 single crystal was successfully grown using the traveling solvent floating zone technique for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Wang
- Institute for Quantum Matter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - A. Ghasemi
- Institute for Quantum Matter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - A. Scheie
- Institute for Quantum Matter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - S. M. Koohpayeh
- Institute for Quantum Matter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
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Haghjooy-Javanmard S, Ghasemi A, Laher I, Zarrin B, Dana N, Vaseghi G. Influence of morphine on TLR4/ NF-kB signaling pathway of MCF-7 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 119:229-233. [PMID: 30113863 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2018_043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Morphine affects the risk of metastasis in cancer. The TLR4 gene promotes migration in adenocarcinoma cells. We investigated the effect of morphine on TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κ B-expression and migration. Migration of estrogen receptor-positive MCF7 breast cancer cells was studied after 24 and 48 hours incubation with morphine, with boyden chamber method. Morphine effect on TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA expression was determined by quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction. Migration was reduced at the doses of 0.5 and 5 µM (p < 0.05). However, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κBmRNA expression was decreased at the doses of 0.5, 5 and 500 µM. Morphine at the dose of 50 µM increased the expression of mentioned genes. MCF-7 cell line after 48 hours incubation with the dose of 0.5 µM morphine decreased the migration and at the dose of 0.5 µM down-regulated the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB, however, the higher doses increased the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB. Morphine affects TLR4expression in breast cancer cell, which depends on time and concentration (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Ref. 24).
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Ghasemi A, Hashemi B. Co-existence effect of tricalcium phosphate and bioactive glass on biological and biodegradation characteristic of Poly L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) in trinary composite scaffold form. Biomed Mater Eng 2018; 28:655-669. [PMID: 29171974 DOI: 10.3233/bme-171707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the co-existence effect of 30 wt.% TCP-BG phases on degradation and precipitation behaviors of PLLA based composite scaffold in biological media. First, phase separation method was used to synthesize of the pure PLLA and the trinary composite scaffolds, and second they were immersed in SBF solution for 45 days. Subsequently, the degradation and precipitation characteristic were investigated by analyzing of pH value and weight changes of the immersed samples, the ability of biological products formation and the change of relative molecular weight of PLLA matrix as function of the degradation time. Finally, the experimental data of relative molecular weight change were verified by Han and Pan model and comparisons were made between them. Results have represented precipitation of huge amount of carbonate apatite on surface of the composite scaffold, and also the acidity of SBF media changes moderately which is prove better bioactivity properties compare to the pure PLLA scaffold. The results of comparison with the model point to quiet good agreement between them in early stage of degradation. So, the consequences suggest that the TCP-BG/PLLA composite scaffold have great potential to be applied in bone replacements or repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Babak Hashemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Kamrani S, Penther D, Ghasemi A, Riedel R, Fleck C. Microstructural characterization of Mg-SiC nanocomposite synthesized by high energy ball milling. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Safizade B, Masoudpanah S, Hasheminiasari M, Ghasemi A. Photocatalytic activity of BiFeO3/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites under visible light irradiation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6988-6995. [PMID: 35540361 PMCID: PMC9078354 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, BiFeO3/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites were synthesized via a glyoxylate precursor method using a two-pot approach. Phase evolution is investigated by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, which confirm that no impurity phases are formed between BiFeO3 and ZnFe2O4 following calcination at 600 °C. The specific surface area characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms decreases from 30.56 to 13.13 m2 g−1 with the addition of zinc ferrite. In contrast, the magnetization increases from 0.28 to 1.8 emu g−1 with an increase in the amount of ZnFe2O4. The composites show strong absorption in the visible region with the optical band gap calculated from the Tauc's plot in the range from 2.17 to 2.22 eV, as measured by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the maximum efficiency for the photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light is displayed by the composite containing 25 wt% ZnFe2O4 due to the synergic effect between BiFeO3 and ZnFe2O4, as confirmed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. BiFeO3-25 wt% ZnFe2O4 exhibits a low specific surface area, high magnetization, and maximum photocatalytic efficiency of 97%.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Safizade
- School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - S. M. Masoudpanah
- School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - M. Hasheminiasari
- School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - A. Ghasemi
- School of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
- Tehran
- Iran
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Mirmiran P, Bahadoran Z, Ghasemi A, Azizi F. Contribution of dietary amino acids composition to incidence of cardiovascular outcomes: A prospective population-based study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:633-641. [PMID: 28684082 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Considering the limited data on the cardiovascular effects of dietary amino acid intakes, we assessed possible association of dietary amino acids with the risk of cardiovascular (CVD) events in a prospective population-based study. METHODS Participants without CVD (n = 2369) were recruited from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study and were followed for a mean of 6.7 years. Dietary protein and amino acid intakes were assessed at baseline (2006-2008); demographic, lifestyle and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examination (2012-2014). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate risk of CVD across tertiles of dietary amino acids. RESULTS Mean total protein intake was 76.9 ± 27.5 g/d, and dietary protein had no significant association with the risk of CVD (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.65-2.31, and HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.19-1.41, in the second and third tertiles, respectively). After adjustment of potential confounders, the amino acid pattern with higher load of glycine, cysteine, arginine and tryptophan, was negatively associated with CVD (HR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.09-0.88, P for trend = 0.08). Higher intake of sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine), and potentially cardioprotective amino acids (arginine, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine and tyrosine) corresponded to 73% (HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.09-0.86) and 74% (HR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09-0.78) decreased risk of CVD events. Higher intake of glutamic acid and proline (% of dietary total protein) increased the risk of CVD (HR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.03-1.64, and HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.10-1.60, respectively). CONCLUSION These novel data provide evidence to suggest that amino acid composition of diet may modify the risk of CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Student Research Committee, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Ghasemi A, Ghasemi Z. Modifying the surface of TEOS xerogel by metal ion Zn(II). RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427217050251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Akhlaghi L, Tabatabaie F, Hadighi R, Maleki F, Hajialiani F, Dayer MS, Ghasemi A, Roudbari M. Diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women referred to therapeutic centers of Alborz Province (Iran) using immunoglobulin G avidity ELISA technique. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Choubini E, Asadi Karam MR, Khorshidi A, Habibi M, Ghasemi A, Bouzari S. Bioinformatics analysis and expression of a truncated form of Proteus mirabilis Pta protein as a novel vaccine target against urinary tract infection. vacres 2016. [DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.vacres.3.7.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Abstract
Thyroid hormones have developmental effects during fetal life. Fetal hypothyroidism leads to glucose intolerance and reduced insulin secretion capacity. Activity of nitric oxide synthases follows a heterogeneous pattern in hypothyroidism. Overactivity of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (NOS), inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release. The aim of this study was to examine if reduction in insulin secretion in fetal hypothyroidism is due to overproduction of nitric oxide. Pregnant Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups; the experimental group consumed water containing 0.02% of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil till delivery, while the control group consumed tap water. After delivery serum thyroid hormones were measured. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed in 6-month old offspring (n=8). After 3 weeks recovery, pancreatic islets were isolated and insulin secretion, inducible and constitutive nitric oxide synthase activity were measured (n=4). Compared to controls, during intravenous glucose tolerance test, fetal hypothyroid rats had high plasma glucose concentration (p=0.003) and low plasma insulin levels (p=0.012) at 5-20 min and their insulin secretion from isolated islets at basal glucose concentration and in the presence of l-arginine was lower. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester significantly improved insulin secretion in fetal hypothyroid rats at basal glucose concentration and in the presence of l-arginine. The results showed higher NOS activities in fetal hypothyroid rats (constitutive 17.60±1.09 vs. 47.34±4.44 and inducible 4.09±0.96 vs. 19.97±1.14 pmol/min/mg proteins, p=0.002). In conclusion, NO overproduction through NOS participates in decreased insulin secretion in fetal hypothyroid rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rouintan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, International Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Farrokhfall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - N Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yazdannejat H, Hosseinimehr SJ, Ghasemi A, Pourfallah TA, Rafiei A. Losartan sensitizes selectively prostate cancer cell to ionizing radiation. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:30-33. [PMID: 26828983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor (AT-II-R) blocker that is widely used by human for blood pressure regulation. Also, it has antitumor property. In this study, we investigated the radiosensitizing effect of losartan on cellular toxicity induced by ionizing radiation on prostate cancer and non-malignant fibroblast cells. Human prostate cancer (DU-145) and human non-malignant fibroblast cells (HFFF2) were treated with losartan at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 10, 50 and 100 µM) and then these cells were exposed to ionizing radiation. The cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay. Our results showed that losartan exhibited antitumor effect on prostate cancer cells; it was reduced cell survival to 66% at concentration 1 µM. Losartan showed an additive killing effect in combination with ionizing radiation on prostate cancer cell. The cell proliferation was reduced to 54% in the prostate cancer cells treated with losartan at concentration 1 µM in combination with ionizing radiation. Losartan did not exhibit any toxicity on HFFF2 cell. This result shows a promising effect of losartan on enhancement of therapeutic effect of ionizing radiation in patients during therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yazdannejat
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran
| | - S J Hosseinimehr
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Sari Iran
| | - T A Pourfallah
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Sari Iran
| | - A Rafiei
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology Sari Iran
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25
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Farhangi H, Ghasemi A, Banihashem A, Badiei Z, Jarahi L, Eslami G, Langaee T. Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Hospitalized Children Under 2-Years Old. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2016; 6:24-31. [PMID: 27222699 PMCID: PMC4867168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most prevalent cause of thrombocytopenia in children. Despite the importance of ITP in children under 2-years old, only a few publications are available in the literature.ITP usually presents itself as isolated thrombocytopenia and mucocutaneous bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 187 under 2-year-old children diagnosed with ITP and treated at Dr. Sheikh Hospital from 2004 to 2011.In this retrospective study, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, history of viral infections, vaccination history, and treatment efficacy in children under 2-years old with ITP were investigated.Patients were followed for one year after being discharged from the hospital. RESULTS The risk of the disease developing into chronic form was higher in older children (0.001). ITP in children under 3-months old was significantly associated with vaccination (p=0.007). There was no significant differences between male and female patients in regards to newly diagnosed ITP, persistent, and chronic disease status (p = 0.21). No significant difference in bleeding symptoms was observed between patients under 3-months old and 3 to 24-months old (p=0.18). CONCLUSION Infantile ITP respond favorably to treatment. The risk of the disease developing into chronic form is higher in 3-to-24-month-old children compared to under-three-month olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Farhangi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Sheikh Pediatric Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.
| | - A Ghasemi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Sheikh Pediatric Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.
| | - A Banihashem
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Sheikh Pediatric Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Z Badiei
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Sheikh Pediatric Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran. ,Corresponding Author Badiei Z MD, Department of Pediatrics Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - L Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - G Eslami
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of pharmacy, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - T Langaee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, USA.,Corresponding Author Badiei Z MD, Department of Pediatrics Hematology & Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nematollahi MJ, Ebrahimi P, Razmara M, Ghasemi A. Hydrogeochemical investigations and groundwater quality assessment of Torbat-Zaveh plain, Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Environ Monit Assess 2016; 188:2. [PMID: 26627207 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogeochemical investigations of groundwater in Torbat-Zaveh plain have been carried out to assess the water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes. In this study, 190 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters and major ion concentrations. The abundance of major cations and anions was in the following order: Na(+) > Mg(2+) > Ca(2+) > K(+), and Cl(-) > [Formula: see text] > [Formula: see text] > [Formula: see text]. As a result, alkaline element (Na(+)) exceeds alkaline earth elements (Mg(2+) and Ca(2+)), and strong acids (Cl(-) and [Formula: see text]) dominate weak acids ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) in majority of the groundwater samples. Statistical analyses including Spearman correlation coefficients and factor analysis display good correlation between physicochemical parameters (EC, TDS and TH) and Na(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cl(-) and [Formula: see text]. The results display that rock-weathering interactions and ion-exchange processes play important role in controlling groundwater chemistry. Saturation index values also indicate that water chemistry is significantly affected by carbonate minerals such as calcite, aragonite and dolomite. US Salinity Laboratory(USSL) and Wilcox diagrams together with permeability index values reveal that most of the groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation purpose. However, in some regions, the water samples do not indicate required irrigational quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Nematollahi
- Department of Geology, Iranian Central Oil Fields Company (ICOFC), Tehran, Iran.
| | - P Ebrahimi
- Supervision on Petroleum Export and Domestic Transactions (SPEDT), Kharg Island, Iran
| | - M Razmara
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
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27
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Hosseinimehr SJ, Ghaffari-Rad V, Rostamnezhad M, Ghasemi A, Allahverdi Pourfallah T, Shahani S. Radioprotective effect of chicory seeds against genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation in human normal lymphocytes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:46-50. [PMID: 26278267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The search for less-toxic radioprotective agents has led to a growing trend towards natural products. Protective effect of the methanolic extract of chicory seeds (MCS) was investigated against genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes. Human peripheral blood samples were collected and incubated with MCS at different concentrations (10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for two hours. The whole blood samples were exposed in vitro to X-ray at dose 2.5 Gy. Then, the lymphocytes were cultured with mitogenic stimulation to determine the micronucleus in cytokinesis blocked binucleated cell. The methanolic extract at all doses significantly reduced the frequency of micronuclei in binucleated lymphocytes, as compared with similarly irradiated lymphocytes without any extract treatment. The maximum protection was observed at 200 μg/mL of MCS, it completely protected genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes. The extract exhibited a concentration-dependent radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radicals. HPLC analysis of MCS showed this extract is containing chlorogenic acid as a phenolic compound. These data suggest that the radioprotective effect of methanolic extract of chicory seeds can be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid which act as antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hosseinimehr
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran
| | - V Ghaffari-Rad
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran
| | - M Rostamnezhad
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Sari Iran
| | - T Allahverdi Pourfallah
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Sari Iran
| | - S Shahani
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy Sari Iran so.shahani@yahoo.com
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28
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Ghanbari M, Jeddi S, Bagheripuor F, Ghasemi A. The effect of maternal hypothyroidism on cardiac function and tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury in offspring male and female rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38:915-22. [PMID: 25823371 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence indicates that intrauterine evolution disturbance can contribute to myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury; in addition, thyroid hormones (THs) have a crucial role in the development of different systems during fetal life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of TH deficiency during fetal life on tolerance of isolated heart to ischemia during adulthood in both genders. METHODS Hypothyroidism was induced in pregnant Wistar rats by administrating 0.025 % 6-propyl-2-thiouracil in drinking water throughout pregnancy. Offspring of rats with maternal hypothyroidism (MH) and control groups were tested in adulthood. Isolated hearts were perfused with Langendorff setup and exposed to 30 min of ischemia, followed by 45 min of reperfusion. Baseline values of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), heart rate (HR), and peak rates of positive and negative changes in left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt) were recorded. RESULTS In the MH groups the baseline levels of LVDP (male: 23 %, female: 33 %), HR (male: 31 %, female: 26 %), and ±dp/dt were significantly (p < 0.01) lower, compared to controls. After ischemia, hearts from male rats with MH had less tolerance to IR injury as assessed in terms of reductions in recovery of hemodynamic parameters compared to controls, while in female rats there were no significant differences between MH and controls. CONCLUSIONS MH decreases hemodynamic parameters in the heart of both male and female offspring in adulthood; in addition, hearts of male rats with MH show less tolerance to ischemia, compared to those of females.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ghanbari
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 24, Parvaneh Street, Velenjak, 1985717413, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemi A, Pourfallah TA, Akbari MR, Babapour H, Shahidi M. Photo neutron dose equivalent rate in 15 MV X-ray beam from a Siemens Primus Linac. J Med Phys 2015; 40:90-4. [PMID: 26170555 PMCID: PMC4478650 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.158681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and thermal neutron fluence rates from a 15 MV X-ray beams of a Siemens Primus Linac were measured using bare and moderated BF3 proportional counter inside the treatment room at different locations. Fluence rate values were converted to dose equivalent rate (DER) utilizing conversion factors of American Association of Physicist in Medicine's (AAPM) report number 19. For thermal neutrons, maximum and minimum DERs were 3.46 × 10-6 (3 m from isocenter in +Y direction, 0 × 0 field size) and 8.36 × 10-8 Sv/min (in maze, 40 × 40 field size), respectively. For fast neutrons, maximum DERs using 9” and 3” moderators were 1.6 × 10-5 and 1.74 × 10-5 Sv/min (2 m from isocenter in +Y direction, 0 × 0 field size), respectively. By changing the field size, the variation in thermal neutron DER was more than the fast neutron DER and the changes in fast neutron DER were not significant in the bunker except inside the radiation field. This study showed that at all points and distances, by decreasing field size of the beam, thermal and fast neutron DER increases and the number of thermal neutrons is more than fast neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - T Allahverdi Pourfallah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M R Akbari
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran 14395-836, Iran
| | - H Babapour
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Sciences and Researches Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Hosseinimehr SJ, Izakmehri M, Ghasemi A. In vitro protective effect of atorvastatin against ionizing radiation induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:68-71. [PMID: 25817349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Atorvastatin (AT) is widely used as a medication for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Recent studies showed that AT enhanced cell toxicity induced by ionizing radiation in cancerous cells. In this study, the radioprotective effect of AT was investigated against genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation in human blood lymphocytes. Peripheral blood samples were collected from human volunteers and incubated with AT at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 1, or 10 μM) for two hours. The whole blood was exposed to X-ray at dose 1.5 Gy. Lymphocytes were cultured with mitogenic stimulation to determine the micronuclei in cytokinesis blocked binucleated lymphocyte. AT exhibited a significant decreasing in the frequency of micronuclei in human lymphocytes exposed to ionizing radiation, as compared to with similarly irradiated lymphocytes without AT treatment. The maximum protection and higher decreasing in frequency of micronuclei was observed at 10 μM of AT (68% decrease), providing maximal protection against ionizing radiation. This data is promising for protection human normal cells from the genetic damage induced by ionizing irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hosseinimehr
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Sari Iran sjhosseinim@mazums.ac.ir
| | - M Izakmehri
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Pardis Unit Ramsar Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Sari Iran
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Abstract
Data available on thyroid dysfunction and insulin secretion are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of hypothyroidism on insulin secretion, in vivo and in vitro, in rats. Adult Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups, the control, the propylthiouracyl (PTU)-treated hypothyroid, the surgically thyroidectomized, and the sham-operated thyroidectomized. After 5 weeks, intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed and 3 weeks later pancreatic islets were isolated to assess glucose induced insulin secretion and insulin content. Fasting serum glucose and insulin levels did not differ between the groups, but serum glucose concentration during IVGTT in the PTU-induced hypothyroid group was significantly higher as compared to controls, throughout 5-60 min. The serum glucose concentration during IVGTT in the thyroidectomized rats was also significantly higher than in the sham-operated ones, except at 10 and 60 min. The area under the curve of the serum insulin was significantly lower during IVGTT in the PTU-treated (10,010 ± 1,380 pmol/l/60 min) and thyroidectomized (13,930 ± 2,786) groups vs. their comparable groups (19,150 ± 2,110), p<0.01 and (20,650 ± 1,601), p<0.05, respectively. In the PTU-treated, but not in thyroidectomized animals, insulin secretion in response to glucose 8.3 and 16.7 mM was significantly lower than their comparable group. The results show that PTU- and thyroidectomy-induced hypothyroidism leads to impaired glucose tolerance due to reduced glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Islets insulin secretion is positively correlated with serum T3 and T4 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Godini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Zahediasl
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemi M, Kazemi MH, Yoosefi A, Ghasemi A, Paragomi P, Amini H, Afzali MH. Rapid antidepressant effects of repeated doses of ketamine compared with electroconvulsive therapy in hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2014; 215:355-61. [PMID: 24374115 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists (e.g. ketamine) may exert rapid antidepressant effects in MDD patients. In the present study, we evaluated the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine compared with the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in hospitalized patients with MDD. In this blind, randomized study, 18 patients with DSM-IV MDD were divided into two groups which received either three intravenous infusions of ketamine hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg over 45 min) or ECT on 3 test days (every 48 h). The primary outcome measure was the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), which was used to rate overall depressive symptoms at baseline, 24 h after each treatment, 72 h and one week after the last (third) ketamine or ECT. Within 24 h, depressive symptoms significantly improved in subjects receiving the first dose of ketamine compared with ECT group. Compared to baseline level, this improvement remained significant throughout the study. Depressive symptoms after the second dose ketamine was also lower than the second ECT. This study showed that ketamine is as effective as ECT in improving depressive symptoms in MDD patients and have more rapid antidepressant effects compared with the ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran; NeurExpand Brain Center, 1205 York Road, Lutherville, MD 21093, USA.
| | - Mohammad H Kazemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran; Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research (FIMR), Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Abolghasem Yoosefi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran; Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Paragomi
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran
| | - Homayoun Amini
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran; Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Afzali
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Tehran 13337-95914, Iran; Université de Toulouse-Le Mirail, Octogone, 5, Allées Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Seifi M, Ghasemi A, Namipashaki A, Samadikuchaksaraei A. Is C771G polymorphism of MLX interacting protein-like (MLXIPL) gene a novel genetic risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2014; 60:37-42. [PMID: 26177557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In a recent study, a genome-wide scan has identified C771G (His241Gln) polymorphism of MLX interacting protein like (MLXIPL) gene that is associated with the level of plasma triglycerides. Since, no study has been reported on the association between MLXIPL gene and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we aimed to identify a connection between this genetic variation and NAFLD. Two hundred and thirteen patients with NAFLD and 252 healthy controls were entered into this study. MLXIPL genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Our study showed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MLXIPL is significantly associated with NAFLD. Significant differences between cases and controls were observed for MLXIPL genotype frequencies (p<0.002). The frequency of C allele of MLXIPL in patient group was higher than the control group (68.30% vs. 51.59%, respectively; p<0.05). C771G polymorphism in the MLXIPL gene potentially plays a significant role in pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
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Banihashem A, Ghasemi A, Ghaemi N, Moazzen N, Amirabadi A. Prevalence of transient hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in pediatric patients with acute leukemia. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2014; 4:5-10. [PMID: 24734157 PMCID: PMC3980015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common malignancy of children is Leukemia, accounting approximately one third of cancer diagnosis. Available data demonstrate improvement in survival of pediatric leukemia, so evaluation of side effects of treatment is very important. This study investigates hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus prevalence in pediatric patients with acute leukemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed in children with acute leukemia. At the first admission, demographic data was collected and blood glucose and HbA1c levels were obtained. These tests examined at least two times during six months of follow up. Growth parameters and blood samples were obtained too. RESULT Twenty nine patients were examined; three of them (10.3%) had diabetes mellitus and 5patients (17.2%) had transient hyperglycemia.Mean age of the patients was 6.26 years and nineteen Children (63%) were in preschool age. In preschool age children, incidence of hyperglycemia was meaningfully higher than school age children (p= 0.02). 24 of 29 patients (82.7%) were known case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 5 patients (17.3%) were known case of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). No significant difference was found between sex groups. Also underweight was significant risk factor for hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of hyperglycemia was in the range of other similar studies in different parts of the world. Underweight and preschool ages were significant predictors of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Banihashem
- Associated Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Ghasemi
- Assistant Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Onc1 Associated Professor of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - N Ghaemi
- Associate Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
| | - N Moazzen
- Pediatrician, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Amirabadi
- Radiation oncologist, cancer research center, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghasemi A, Keikhaei B, Ghodsi R. Side effects of hydroxyurea in patients with Thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia and sickle cell anemia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY 2014; 4:114-7. [PMID: 25254090 PMCID: PMC4173031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle hemoglobin is the most common abnormal hemoglobin in the United States. Hemoglobin S arises as a result of a single amino acid substitution (glutamic acid to valin at position 6 of the β-globine chain). The presence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) plays a relatively protective role since a significant amount of HbF interferes with HbS polymerization, the pathogenesis mechanism of the vaso-occlusive symptoms that are the major contributor of the morbidity and mortality of this condition Thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia have no specific molecular correlate but encompass a wide spectrum of clinical and laboratory abnormalities. Hydroxyurea (HU), an s-phase-specific and non-DNA-hypomethylating chemotherapeutic agents is capable of inducing HbF synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was done on 56 patients, 28 patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) and 28 patients with intermediate or major β-thalassemia. Start dose of HU was 10 mg/kg per day and increased by 5 mg/kg per day every 4-6 weeks until toxicity or according to clinical response. RESULTS The side effects were dermatologic in 39.28%, neurologic 23.2%, gastrointestinal 17.5% and hematologic 10.71% of patients. the statistical analysis didn't show significant relationship between variables such as history of blood transfusion, duration of HU treatment, age of start HU, age of diagnosis, dose of HU and ethnic with occurrence of HU adverse effects. CONCLUSION The HU therapy in our patients tolerated well and side effects were minor to moderate, benign and transient.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Assistant professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, faculty of medicine , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Iran.,Corresponding Author: Ghasemi A MD, Ghasemi A, pediatric hematologist & oncologist, faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad Iran,
| | - B Keikhaei
- Associate professor of pediatric hematology and oncology, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, (research center for thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy)
| | - R Ghodsi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad/Iran
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Farahani H, Ghasemi A, Roghani M, Zahediasl S. Effect of neonatal hypothyroidism on carbohydrate metabolism, insulin secretion, and pancreatic islets morphology of adult male offspring in rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:44-9. [PMID: 22732210 DOI: 10.3275/8468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypothyroidism has serious effects on growth, development, and metabolism. AIM This study aims to investigate the effects of the neonatal hypothyroidism on carbohydrate metabolism, islet insulin secretion and morphology of the pancreatic islets in adult male offspring. MATERIALS/SUBJECTS AND METHODS Lactating mothers of Wistar rats consumed 0.02% solution of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil during the weaning period (neonatal hypothyroid group), while mothers of the control group drank merely tap water. Body weight and survival of pups were followed up. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed in adult male offspring and 5-6 weeks later, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was evaluated. RESULTS During the glucose tolerance test, plasma glucose level of the neonatal hypothyroid group (13.18 ± 0.59 mmol/l) was significantly higher at 5 min compared to the control group (11.54 ± 0.47 mmol/l), whereas plasma insulin concentrations and GSIS of the groups was not significantly different. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of adult male offspring of the hypothyroid group (9.1 ± 1.0) was significantly higher as compared to the control group (4.5 ± 0.6). Area (14,613.0 ± 2646.3 μm2) and the diameter of the islets (147 ± 3.0 μm) of the neonatal hypothyroid group were significantly lower, as compared to the control group (32,886.3 ± 4690.3 and 206.6 ± 5.9 μm2 and μm, respectively). CONCLUSION Neonatal hypothyroidism can alter carbohydrate metabolism in euthyroid adult offspring, which may increase susceptibility to the development of glucose intolerance and occurrence of Type 2 diabetes later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Farahani
- Department of Physiology, the Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemi A, Gharavi Fard M, Sabzevari AR. General anesthesia for lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration /biopsy in children with cancer. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol 2013; 3:54-8. [PMID: 24575270 PMCID: PMC3915451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple procedures (Lumbar puncture and bone marrow aspiration /biopsy) cause pain, stress, depression and etc for the patients and their families. Various methods have been recommended for pain reduction during invasive procedures. The aim of this study is to report the complications following general anesthesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective observational study, two hundred and two children with cancer were enrolled. All patients received propofol 2.5 mg /kg and fentanyl 1 µg/kg. After adequate anesthesia, procedures were performed by a pediatric oncologist. All anesthesia complications were classified into two groups: Intraoperative and Postoperative complications. Complications which were recorded include: abnormal age-specific bradycardia (≤20 × baseline), decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (≤90%), laryngospasm, vomiting, agitation, headache, hypothermia (<35 C°), hyperthermia (>37/8 C°), signs of allergy, traumatic LP (bloody), and unusual local bleeding. RESULTS In this study, 118 males and 84 females underwent 623 general anesthetic procedures with a median of 3 procedures per patient. Intraoperative period complications occurred in 48 of total 623 procedures (7.7 %). The most common complications were traumatic LP, bradycardia and decrease in arterial oxygen saturation which occurred in 25, 6 and 6 cases, respectively. Postoperative period complications occurred in 74 (11.9%) cases. The most common complications were vomiting, agitation and headache, decrease O2 saturation and bradycardia. CONCLUSION General anesthesia by propofol and fentanyl may be a good choice for short-term painful procedures in children undergoing treatment for bone marrow aspiration/biopsy and intratechal injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Assistant Professor of Pediatric Hematology and oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Gharavi Fard
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Dr Sheikh Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - AR Sabzevari
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Surgical Oncology Research Center, Dr Sheikh Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Sohrabi A, Amini M, Afzali BM, Ghasemi A, Sohrabi A, Vahidpakdel SM. Microtensile bond strength of self-etch adhesives in different surface conditionings. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2012; 13:317-320. [PMID: 23270291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Self-etch bonding systems have been introduced recently and have the advantage of reduced operating time. Because of patient management and isolation difficulties in children, the present study aimed to evaluate microtensile bond strength of two self-etch bonding systems (AdheSE and Xeno® III) on cleaned only, ground and sandblasted enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty intact primary molars were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the type of bonding used (Xeno® III and AdheSE). The teeth were divided into three subgroups according to enamel surface conditioning method: prophylaxis with pumice, grinding with coarse finishing and polishing disc, and sandblasting with aluminum oxide particles. Tetric Ceram composite then was applied. Samples were sectioned coronally and axially. The interface area of dental sticks was measured and specimens were subjected to a tensile force of 0.5 mm/min until failure. RESULTS Microtensile bond strength of Xeno® III-sandblasting, AdheSE-sandblasting, AdheSE-grinding, and AdheSE- cleaned only were 25.5±7.7, 21.2±2.3, 12.9±2.2, and 9.1±1.1, respectively. During sectioning, all specimens of Xeno® III-cleaned only and Xeno® III-grinding groups were fractured. CONCLUSIONS Two step AdheSE yields higher mTBS in comparison to one step Xeno ® III. In regard to surface conditioning, sandblasting increases the mTBS relative to grinding with finishing and polishing disc, and the cleaned-only enamel has the lowest mTBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sohrabi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Ghasemi A, Torabzadeh H, Mahdian M, Afkar M, Fazeli A, Akbarzadeh Baghban A. Effect of bonding application time on the microleakage of Class V sandwich restorations. Aust Dent J 2012; 57:334-8. [PMID: 22924357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of bonding application time on the microleakage of Class V sandwich restorations. METHODS Eighty non-carious third molars were randomly divided into 16 groups. Two Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of teeth. Three groups were restored with Fuji II GIC and treated with a total-etch bonding system (Stea/SDI) immediately after insertion, at 7 minutes and 15 minutes after mixing the glass ionomer cements (GICs). Another three groups were restored with Riva Self Cure GIC and treated with the total-etch system identically. The other six groups were subjected to self-etching bonding (Frog/SDI) after GIC placement in an identical procedure. The remaining groups were made using light cure GICs (Fuji II or Riva Light Cure) in conjunction with the total-etch or self-etching systems. Cavities were then restored with composite (Valux plus, 3M/ESPE). Samples were subsequently immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 48 hours and observed under a stereomicroscope after sectioning. Four-scale grading was used to assess microleakage in occlusal and gingival walls. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS The self-etching bonding system exhibited more microleakage in occlusal margins regardless of time. Over time, microleakage significantly decreased in gingival margins in all self-cure groups except for Riva Self Cure treated with the total-etch system (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Bonding application time had no effect on the microleakage of occlusal margins. However, maturation of GICs induced a decreased microleakage in gingival margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Iran Center for Dental Research and Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemi A, Hosseini S, Sadrnezhaad S. Pore control in SMA NiTi scaffolds via space holder usage. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ghasemi A, Zahediasl S, Syedmoradi L, Azizi F. Association between serum nitric oxide metabolites and hypertension in a general population. INT ANGIOL 2011; 30:380-387. [PMID: 21747357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM Endothelial dysfunction and impaired release of endothelial nitric oxide occurs in hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) concentrations and blood pressure levels in a general population. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, NO(x)was measured in 2,968 adult subjects, randomly selected from a population-based study, using the Griess method. Subjects were classified into normal, prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension and stage two hypertension groups, according to the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. RESULTS Serum NO(x)values were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg in men (r=-0.523, P=0.002). Serum NOx was higher in men with stage 1 hypertension while those with stage 2 hypertension had significantly lower NO(x) levels. In men, medication increased serum NO(x) concentration in both stages of hypertension but in women, a significant increase was observed only in stage 1 hypertension. CONCLUSION Serum NO(x) concentrations decreased in untreated stage 2 hypertension and increased in stage 1 hypertension in men, findings that suggest NOx measurement might be helpful for assessing endothelial (dys) function in male hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Montaser-Kouhsari L, Payandemehr B, Gholipour T, Ziai P, Nabavizadeh P, Ghasemi A, Bahremand A, Ghasemi M, Dehpour AR. A role for opioid system in the proconvulsant effects of sildenafil on the pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizure in mice. Seizure 2011; 20:409-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Bahremand A, Payandemehr B, Rahimian R, Ziai P, Pourmand N, Loloee S, Ebrahimi A, Ghasemi A, Fakhfouri G, Ghasemi M, Dehpour AR. The role of 5-HT(3) receptors in the additive anticonvulsant effects of citalopram and morphine on pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice. Epilepsy Behav 2011; 21:122-7. [PMID: 21531632 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is frequently used in the treatment of major depressive disorders. In addition to its antidepressant features, citalopram shows some anticonvulsive properties at lower doses, whereas higher doses, ingested in cases of suicide, have been associated with seizures. Moreover, some reports support the enhancing effect of morphine on different responses of SSRIs such as analgesic and anticonvulsant properties. Although the exact mechanisms of these additive effects are not yet fully understood, 5-HT(3) receptor has recently been shown to play an important role in the central effects of SSRIs and morphine. In this regard, we used a model of clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in male NMRI mice to investigate whether morphine and citalopram exhibit additive anticonvulsant effects and, if so, whether this effect is mediated through modulation of 5-HT(3) receptors. In our study, citalopram at lower doses (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, ip) significantly increased the seizure threshold (P<0.01) and at a higher dose (50 mg/kg) had proconvulsive effects. Moreover, morphine at low and noneffective doses had additive effects on the anticonvulsive properties of citalopram. This additive effect was prevented by pretreatment with low and noneffective doses of tropisetron (a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist) and augmented by 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide (mCPBG, a 5-HT(3) receptor agonist). Moreover, low doses of morphine (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) alone or in combination with potent doses of 5-HT(3) receptor agonist or antagonist could not alter the proconvulsive properties of citalopram at higher dose (50 mg/kg), ruling out the contribution of 5-HT(3) to this effect. In summary, our findings demonstrate that 5-HT(3) receptor mediates the additive anticonvulsant properties of morphine and low-dose citalopram. This could constitute a new approach to augmenting the efficacy and curtailing the adverse effects of citalopram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Bahremand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Razzaghy-Azar M, Ghasemi F, Hallaji F, Ghasemi A, Ghasemi M. Sonographic measurement of uterus and ovaries in premenarcheal healthy girls between 6 and 13 years old: correlation with age and pubertal status. J Clin Ultrasound 2011; 39:64-73. [PMID: 20572067 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide normal references of sonographic uterine and ovarian size in premenarcheal healthy girls aged 6-13 years in different stages of puberty. METHODS Two hundred forty girls were enrolled into the study (mean age ± SD, 9.5 ± 1.7 years [range, 6-13.5 years]). Pubertal status was classified according to Tanner staging. All subjects underwent pelvic sonographic examination for the measurement of uterine volume, body and cervical length, anteroposterior diameter of fundus, body, and cervix, ovarian volume, and both right and left prominent follicular diameter. RESULTS A gradual increase with age was observed in all uterine and ovarian measurements. Both uterine and ovarian parameters were significantly correlated to age, height and weight, and stages of puberty. Uterine volume was <3.5 cm(3) in 98% of prepubertal girls, and in stage 2 it was significantly more than in stage 1 (3 ± 3.2 versus 1.7 ± 1.7, respectively) (p < 0.001). Uterine body length was also significantly greater in stage 2 than stage 1 (17.5 ± 4.5 versus 14.6 ± 3.3, respectively) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The reference values for uterus and ovaries were determined in healthy girls. There is a progressive increase in size of internal female genitalia in relation to age, height, weight, and puberty. Uterine volume and body length presented the best correlation with age and stage of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Razzaghy-Azar
- Department of Pediatrics, H. Aliasghar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1919816766, Iran
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Emamieh S, Ghasemi A, Torabzadeh H. Hygroscopic expansion of aesthetic restorative materials: one-year report. J Dent (Tehran) 2011; 8:25-32. [PMID: 21998804 PMCID: PMC3184730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the long-term linear hygroscopic expansion (LHE) of several materials using bulked and layered techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven materials were used; Fuji Cap II, Fuji II LC, Photac-Fil Aplicap, Vitremer, Dyract, Tetric and Z100. Ten specimens (6×4 mm) were made for each material using layered and bulked techniques (each group comprises five specimens). The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C. The length of each specimen was measured immediately after preparation, 24 hours, one week, one month, three months, six months, nine months and one year. This was used to calculate the percentage change in the length of materials. The mean LHE and standard deviation were calculated. Repeated measure analysis and paired sample t-test were used. RESULTS The type of material and time had a significant effect on LHE. Fuji Cap II and Fuji II LC exhibited no significant changes after one-year and one month, respectively. However, layered specimens of Photac-Fil Aplicap and Tetric showed constant expansion until six month, whereas bulked specimens reached the constant length at three months. Constant expansion was obtained for layered and bulked specimens of Dyract and Z100 at six month. Layered specimens of Vitremer showed no significant differences except between 24 hours and one year measurements. But in bulked specimens, the results at nine months and one year were significantly different from those obtained at three months and before. CONCLUSION Fuji II showed no significant LHE and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) exhibited the highest LHE. Dyract maintained an intermediate LHE in comparison with RMGIC and composite resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Emamieh
- Specialist in Operative Dentistry, Private Practice
| | - A. Ghasemi
- Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Associate Professor, Iranian Center for Endodontics Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Torabzadeh
- Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Associate Professor, Iranian Center for Endodontics Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: H. Torabzadeh, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ghasemi A, Saberi M, Ghasemi M, Shafaroodi H, Moezi L, Bahremand A, Montaser-Kouhsari L, Ziai P, Dehpour AR. Administration of lithium and magnesium chloride inhibited tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. Epilepsy Behav 2010; 19:568-74. [PMID: 20920846 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although morphine has an anticonvulsant effect in several animal models of seizures, its potential clinical application in epilepsy may be hindered by its adverse effects like opioid tolerance. The present study evaluated the development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine in a model of clonic seizures induced with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in male Swiss mice. We also examined whether administration of either lithium chloride (LiCl) or magnesium chloride (MgCl(2)) was able to prevent the probable tolerance. Our data demonstrated that the anticonvulsant effect of a potent dose of morphine (1mg/kg) was abolished in chronic morphine-treated mice (mice administered the same dose of morphine intraperitoneally twice daily for 4 days). Four days of pretreatment with low and noneffective doses of MgCl(2) (2 and 5mg/kg) and LiCl (5mg/kg) inhibited the development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine (1mg/kg, ip). Moreover, a single acute injection of the aforementioned agents at the same doses reversed the expression of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of morphine (1mg/kg, ip). Chronic 17-day treatment with LiCl (600 mg/L in drinking water) also inhibited the development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of 1mg/kg morphine. These results demonstrate that the anticonvulsant effect of morphine is subject to tolerance after repeated administration. Both development and expression of tolerance are inhibited by either LiCl or MgCl(2). As both LiCl and MgCl(2) can modulate the function of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, we discuss how NMDA receptor functioning might be involved in the effects of LiCl and MgCl(2) on the development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Farahani H, Ghasemi A, Roghani M, Zahediasl S. The effect of maternal hypothyroidism on the carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion of isolated islets in adult male offspring of rats. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42:792-7. [PMID: 20730704 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1262826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones have crucial developmental effect during fetal life. This study investigates the effects of maternal hypothyroidism on the carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion capacity of islets of the adult male offspring of rats. One group of pregnant mothers (fetal hypothyroid) of Wistar rats drank water containing 0.02% of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil during pregnancy, while the control group consumed only tap water. After delivery, survival and weight of the neonates from both groups were followed. In adult male offspring, the intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed and 5-6 weeks later, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of isolated islets was assessed. Plasma glucose concentration of the fetal hypothyroid group during intravenous glucose tolerance test was significantly higher (p=0.003) at 5-20 min as compared to the control group, whereas plasma insulin concentration was significantly lower (p=0.012) at 5-20 min. Insulin secretion of the isolated islets stimulated with 16 mM glucose of the offspring in the fetal hypothyroid group (376.2 ± 57.1 pmol/islet/60 min) was significantly lower (p=0.02) as compared to the control group (618.1 ± 85.2). Although adult offspring born from hypothyroid mothers were euthyroid, their glucose tolerance and glucose stimulated insulin secretion of islets were altered, which may eventually contribute to the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Farahani
- Department of Physiology, The Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghasemi M, Shafaroodi H, Nazarbeiki S, Meskar H, Ghasemi A, Bahremand A, Ziai P, Dehpour AR. Inhibition of NMDA receptor/NO signaling blocked tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. Epilepsy Res 2010; 91:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ghasemi A, Djavareshk M. Investigation of the Effects of Natural Gas Equivalence Ratio and Piston Bowl Flow Field on Combustion and Pollutant Formation of a DI Dual Fuel Engine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2010.1369.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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