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Rashid M, Al Qarni A, Al Mahri S, Mohammad S, Khan A, Abdullah ML, Lehe C, Al Amoudi R, Aldibasi O, Bouchama A. Transcriptome Changes and Metabolic Outcomes After Bariatric Surgery in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2023; 8:bvad159. [PMID: 38162016 PMCID: PMC10755185 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Bariatric surgery has been shown to be effective in inducing complete remission of type 2 diabetes in adults with obesity. However, its efficacy in achieving complete diabetes remission remains variable and difficult to predict before surgery. Objective We aimed to characterize bariatric surgery-induced transcriptome changes associated with diabetes remission and the predictive role of the baseline transcriptome. Methods We performed a whole-genome microarray in peripheral mononuclear cells at baseline (before surgery) and 2 and 12 months after bariatric surgery in a prospective cohort of 26 adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We applied machine learning to the baseline transcriptome to identify genes that predict metabolic outcomes. We validated the microarray expression profile using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Sixteen patients entered diabetes remission at 12 months and 10 did not. The gene-expression analysis showed similarities and differences between responders and nonresponders. The difference included the expression of critical genes (SKT4, SIRT1, and TNF superfamily), metabolic and signaling pathways (Hippo, Sirtuin, ARE-mediated messenger RNA degradation, MSP-RON, and Huntington), and predicted biological functions (β-cell growth and proliferation, insulin and glucose metabolism, energy balance, inflammation, and neurodegeneration). Modeling the baseline transcriptome identified 10 genes that could hypothetically predict the metabolic outcome before bariatric surgery. Conclusion The changes in the transcriptome after bariatric surgery distinguish patients in whom diabetes enters complete remission from those who do not. The baseline transcriptome can contribute to the prediction of bariatric surgery-induced diabetes remission preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoon Rashid
- Department of AI and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Al Mahri
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Mohammad
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Altaf Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashan L Abdullah
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cynthia Lehe
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Al Amoudi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Aldibasi
- Department of Biostatistics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abderrezak Bouchama
- Experimental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
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Al Qarni A, Habib A, Abdelgadir E, Al Sarawi A, Alqannas N, Alkroud A. The Morning Report Practice and Its Contribution to Education of Internal Medicine Residents: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Adv Med Educ Pract 2023; 14:713-722. [PMID: 37455858 PMCID: PMC10348320 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s414986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Morning Report (MR) is a ubiquitous traditional educational activity in internal medicine residency training. It is under-researched; hence, this study was conducted. It aimed to examine the practice of MR by internal medicine residents, their motivation to engage with it, and their perception of its contribution to education. Methods This was a multi-center cross-sectional study. The data was collected using an online self-administered 12-item questionnaire that covered MR practice, respondents' motivation for participation, MR contribution to education, and its impact on the practice of evidence-based medicine and quality improvement and patient safety. Results One hundred seventy residents returned the online questionnaire (54.7%). The respondents' gender and year of training were balanced (P > 0.05). The most common MR frequency and duration were five days per week (85.4%) and 45-60 minutes (47.1%), respectively. The most common format was handover combined with an emergency long case presentation (55.8%), and consultants were the most common facilitators (79.7%). The respondents' motivation to engage with MR was predominantly intermediate. The top reasons for attending and not attending MR were mandatory attendance and embarrassing questions, respectively. The perceived MR contribution to residents' different roles development was predominantly intermediate; however, it was predominantly very low/low (42%) for overall education. The perceived MR impact on the practice of EBM and QIPS were both predominantly intermediate. Conclusion MR was found to be a commonly practiced educational activity in internal medicine residency training programs in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The case discussion was the core format for education. The respondents' motivation to participate in MR and their perception of its contribution to education was predominantly intermediate. To our best knowledge, this is the first study in Saudi Arabia that examined MR. We hope its findings will be taken for further MR studies and actions for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al Qarni
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Habib
- Department of Medicine, King Fahd Military Medical Complex (KFMMC), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elbadri Abdelgadir
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Al Sarawi
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alqannas
- Saud Al Babtain Cardiac Centre, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Alkroud
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH), Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Arabi YM, Al Aseri Z, Alsaawi A, Al Khathaami AM, Al Qasim E, Alzahrani AA, Al Qarni M, Abdukahil SAI, Al-Dorzi HM, Alattasi A, Mandourah Y, Alaama TY, Alabdulaali MK, Alqahtani A, Shuaibi A, Al Qarni A, Alkatheri M, Al Hazme RH, Vishwakarma RK, Aldibasi O, Alshahrani MS, Attia A, Alharthy A, Mady A, Abdelrahman BA, Mhawish HA, Abdallah HA, Al-Hameed F, Alghamdi K, Alghamdi A, Almekhlafi GA, Qasim SAH, Al Haji HA, Al Mutairi M, Tashkandi N, Alabbasi SO, Al Shehri T, Moftah E, Kalantan B, Matroud A, Naidu B, Al Zayer S, Burrows V, Said Z, Soomro NA, Yousef MH, Fattouh AA, Tahoon MA, Muhammad M, Alruwili AM, Al Hanafi HA, Dandekar PB, Ibrahim K, AlHomsi M, Al Harbi AR, Saleem A, Masih E, Al Rashidi NM, Amanatullah AK, Al Mubarak J, Al Radwan AAA, Al Hassan A, Al Muoalad S, Alzahrani AA, Chalabi J, Qureshi A, Al Ansari M, Sallam H, Elhazmi A, Alkhaldi F, Malibary A, Ababtain A, Latif A, Berenholtz SM. Impact of a national collaborative project to improve the care of mechanically ventilated patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280744. [PMID: 36716310 PMCID: PMC9886257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This prospective quasi-experimental study from the NASAM (National Approach to Standardize and Improve Mechanical Ventilation) collaborative assessed the impact of evidence-based practices including subglottic suctioning, daily assessment for spontaneous awakening trial (SAT), spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), head of bed elevation, and avoidance of neuromuscular blockers unless otherwise indicated. The study outcomes included VAE (primary) and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Changes in daily care process measures and outcomes were evaluated using repeated measures mixed modeling. The results were reported as incident rate ratio (IRR) for each additional month with 95% confidence interval (CI). A comprehensive program that included education on evidence-based practices for optimal care of mechanically ventilated patients with real-time benchmarking of daily care process measures to drive improvement in forty-two ICUs from 26 hospitals in Saudi Arabia (>27,000 days of observation). Compliance with subglottic suctioning, SAT and SBT increased monthly during the project by 3.5%, 2.1% and 1.9%, respectively (IRR 1.035, 95%CI 1.007-1.064, p = 0.0148; 1.021, 95% CI 1.010-1.032, p = 0.0003; and 1.019, 95%CI 1.009-1.029, p = 0.0001, respectively). The use of neuromuscular blockers decreased monthly by 2.5% (IRR 0.975, 95%CI 0.953-0.998, p = 0.0341). The compliance with head of bed elevation was high at baseline and did not change over time. Based on data for 83153 ventilator days, VAE rate was 15.2/1000 ventilator day (95%CI 12.6-18.1) at baseline and did not change during the project (IRR 1.019, 95%CI 0.985-1.053, p = 0.2812). Based on data for 8523 patients; the mortality was 30.4% (95%CI 27.4-33.6) at baseline, and decreased monthly during the project by 1.6% (IRR 0.984, 95%CI 0.973-0.996, p = 0.0067). A national quality improvement collaborative was associated with improvements in daily care processes. These changes were associated with a reduction in mortality but not VAEs. Registration The study is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03790150).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen M. Arabi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Zohair Al Aseri
- Department of Emergency, Department of Intensive Care, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Alsaawi
- Department of Medical Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Al Khathaami
- Quality and Patient Safety Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Qasim
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alzahrani
- Quality and Patient Safety Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Qarni
- Quality and Patient Safety Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheryl Ann I. Abdukahil
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan M. Al-Dorzi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaleem Alattasi
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Mandourah
- Department of Military Medical Services, Ministry of Defense, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareef Y. Alaama
- Deputyship of Curative Services, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulrahman Alqahtani
- Executive Director of Medical Affairs Department, Ministry of Health, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shuaibi
- Department of Medical Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mufareh Alkatheri
- Quality and Patient Safety Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed H. Al Hazme
- Department of Health Informatics, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ramesh Kumar Vishwakarma
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Statistics Department, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Omar Aldibasi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Attia
- Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Mady
- Department of Intensive Care, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Huda Ahmad Mhawish
- Department of Intensive Care, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fahad Al-Hameed
- Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alghamdi
- Department of Intensive Care, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Alghamdi
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Abdorabo Haider Qasim
- Intensive Care Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Ali Al Haji
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Mutairi
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabiha Tashkandi
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha Othman Alabbasi
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Al Shehri
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Moftah
- Rehabilitation Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim Kalantan
- Rehabilitation Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Matroud
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brintha Naidu
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salha Al Zayer
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Victoria Burrows
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zayneb Said
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Majdi Muhammad
- Department of Intensive Care, Gurayat General Hospital, AlGurayat, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Kamel Ibrahim
- Department of Intensive Care, King Khalid General Hospital, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mwafaq AlHomsi
- Department of Intensive Care, Buraydah Central Hospital, AlQassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Rayan Al Harbi
- Department of Intensive Care, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, AlQassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Saleem
- Department of Intensive Care, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ejaz Masih
- Department of Intensive Care, King Khaled Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Jaffar Al Mubarak
- Respiratory Services, King Khalid General Hospital, Hafer Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Al Hassan
- Department of Intensive Care, King Khalid Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadiyah Al Muoalad
- Nursing Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Abdullah Alzahrani
- Respiratory Services Department, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Chalabi
- Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Al Ansari
- Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend Sallam
- Department of Intensive Care, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alyaa Elhazmi
- Department of Intensive Care, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawziah Alkhaldi
- Nursing Services, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrauf Malibary
- Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ababtain
- Respiratory Services, Royal Commission Health Services Program, Jubayl, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asad Latif
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Berenholtz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Otaibi AA, Mubarak SA, Qarni AA, Hawwari A, Bakillah A, Iqbal J. ATP-Binding Cassette Protein ABCC10 Deficiency Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity but Not Atherosclerosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213813. [PMID: 36430292 PMCID: PMC9694421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess plasma lipid levels are a risk factor for various cardiometabolic disorders. Studies have shown that improving dyslipidemia lowers the progression of these disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of ATP-binding cassette transporter C10 (ABCC10) in regulating lipid metabolism. Our data indicate that deletion of the Abcc10 gene in male mice results in lower plasma and intestinal triglycerides by around 38% and 36%, respectively. Furthermore, deletion of ABCC10 ameliorates diet-induced obesity in mice and leads to a better response during insulin and glucose tolerance tests. Unexpectedly, ABCC10 deficiency does not affect triglyceride levels or atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. In addition, our studies demonstrate low oleate uptake by enterocytes (~25-30%) and less absorption (~37%) of triglycerides in the small intestine of ABCC10 knockout mice. Deletion of the Abcc10 gene also alters several lipid metabolism genes in the intestine, suggesting that ABCC10 regulates dietary fat absorption, which may contribute to diet-induced obesity in mice.
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Mubarak SA, Otaibi AA, Qarni AA, Bakillah A, Iqbal J. Reduction in Insulin Mediated ERK Phosphorylation by Palmitate in Liver Cells Is Independent of Fatty Acid Induced ER Stress. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173641. [PMID: 36079898 PMCID: PMC9460427 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated free fatty acids (FFAs) such as palmitate in the circulation are known to cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. In addition to protein kinase B (AKT) signaling, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. However, there are conflicting data regarding role of ERK signaling in ER stress-induced insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of ER stress on insulin resistance and ERK phosphorylation in Huh-7 cells and evaluated how oleate prevents palmitate-mediated ER stress. Treatment with insulin resulted in an increase of 38–45% in the uptake of glucose in control cells compared to non-insulin-treated control cells, along with an increase in the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. We found that treatment with palmitate increased the expression of ER stress genes, including the splicing of X box binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA. At the same time, we observed a decrease in insulin-mediated uptake of glucose and ERK phosphorylation in Huh-7 cells, without any change in AKT phosphorylation. Supplementation of oleate along with palmitate mitigated the palmitate-induced ER stress but did not affect insulin-mediated glucose uptake or ERK phosphorylation. The findings of this study suggest that palmitate reduces insulin-mediated ERK phosphorylation in liver cells and this effect is independent of fatty-acid-induced ER stress.
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Maqsood MB, Islam MA, Al Qarni A, Nisa ZU, Ishaqui AA, Alharbi NK, Almukhamel M, Hossain MA, Fatani N, Mahrous AJ, Arab MA, Alfehaid FSA, Akbar Z. Assessment of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Reluctance Among Staff Working in Public Healthcare Settings of Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:847282. [PMID: 35712310 PMCID: PMC9196634 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.847282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to evaluate the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination acceptance and reluctance among staff working in Saudi healthcare facilities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during April - May 2021, among healthcare workers in five public hospitals under the National Guards Health Association located in Alahsa, Dammam, Jeddah, Madinah, and Riyadh. The study used a questionnaire in English language, which was distributed through official email communication among healthcare staff currently working at study venues. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS v23. An ethical approval was obtained. Results A total of 1,031 responses were recorded. Most of the staff had both doses of COVID-19 vaccine (89%). The mean score for vaccine acceptance on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) was 3.55 ± 1.6. The mean score for vaccine reluctance on the same scale was 2.71 ± 1.05. Most participants mentioned safety (76.9%) and efficacy (56.3%) as vaccine concerns and believed that COVID-19 vaccine may not be effective because of changes in virus strain (55.5%). The variables of gender and nationality significantly affected vaccine acceptance, while age, gender, nationality, and profession significantly affected vaccine reluctance (p < 0.05). Conclusion Most healthcare staff were vaccinated, and a high acceptance for COVID-19 vaccination was reported. Several demographic factors affected the vaccine acceptance and reluctance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Maqsood
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Ashraful Islam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeb-un- Nisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Azfar Athar Ishaqui
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naif Khalaf Alharbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murtaja Almukhamel
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Akbar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al Qunfudah Medical College, Umm Al Qura University, Al Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nayyra Fatani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Jamal Mahrous
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Al Arab
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zahida Akbar
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, King Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Authority, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Arabi YM, Alsaawi A, Al Zahrani M, Al Khathaami AM, AlHazme RH, Al Mutrafy A, Al Qarni A, Al Shouabi A, Al Qasim E, Abdukahil SA, Al-Rabeah FK, Al Ghamdi H, Al Ghamdi E, Alansari M, Abuelgasim KA, Alatassi A, Alchin J, Al-Dorzi HM, Ghamdi AA, Al-Hameed F, Alharbi A, Hussein M, Jastaniah W, AlKatheri ME, AlMarhabi H, Mustafa HT, Jones J, Al-Qahtani S, Qahtani S, Qureshi AS, Salih SB, Alselaim N, Tashkandi N, Vishwakarma RK, AlWafi E, Alyami AH, Alyousef Z. Electronic early notification of sepsis in hospitalized ward patients: a study protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:695. [PMID: 34635151 PMCID: PMC8503718 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effect of screening for sepsis using an electronic sepsis alert vs. no alert in hospitalized ward patients on 90-day in-hospital mortality. Methods The SCREEN trial is designed as a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. Hospital wards (total of 45 wards, constituting clusters in this design) are randomized to have active alert vs. masked alert, 5 wards at a time, with each 5 wards constituting a sequence. The study consists of ten 2-month periods with a phased introduction of the intervention. In the first period, all wards have a masked alert for 2 months. Afterwards the intervention (alert system) is implemented in a new sequence every 2-month period until the intervention is implemented in all sequences. The intervention includes the implementation of an electronic alert system developed in the hospital electronic medical records based on the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA). The alert system sends notifications of “possible sepsis alert” to the bedside nurse, charge nurse, and primary medical team and requires an acknowledgment in the health information system from the bedside nurse and physician. The calculated sample size is 65,250. The primary endpoint is in-hospital mortality by 90 days. Discussion The trial started on October 1, 2019, and is expected to complete patient follow-up by the end of October 2021. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04078594. Registered on September 6, 2019 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05562-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen M Arabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulmohsen Alsaawi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Zahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Al Khathaami
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Quality and Patient Safety Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed H AlHazme
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Information Technology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Abdullah Al Mutrafy
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al Shouabi
- Imam Abdulrahman Al Faisal Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Al Qasim
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheryl Ann Abdukahil
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz K Al-Rabeah
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Information Technology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Al Ghamdi
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Information Technology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtisam Al Ghamdi
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Information Technology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam Alansari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Al Faisal Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadega A Abuelgasim
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Oncology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaleem Alatassi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Quality and Patient Safety Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Alchin
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Nursing Services Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan M Al-Dorzi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Ghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Quality and Patient Safety Department, King Abdulaziz Hospital Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Hameed
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hussein
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasil Jastaniah
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mufareh Edah AlKatheri
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Quality and Patient Safety Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan AlMarhabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Quality and Patient Safety Department, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani T Mustafa
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joan Jones
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Nursing Services Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Al-Qahtani
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaher Qahtani
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Quality and Patient Safety Department, Imam Abdulrahman Al Faisal Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Qureshi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Intensive Care Department, Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salih Bin Salih
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahar Alselaim
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabiha Tashkandi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Nursing Services Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Saudi Nursing Professional Council, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesh Kumar Vishwakarma
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad AlWafi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alyami
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alyousef
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Maqsood MB, Islam MA, Nisa ZU, Naqvi AA, Al Qarni A, Al-Karasneh AF, Iffat W, Ghori SA, Ishaqui AA, Aljaffan AH, Alghamdi S, Albanghali MA, Mahrous AJ, Iqbal MS, Khan AH, Haseeb A. Assessment of quality of work life (QWL) among healthcare staff of intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency unit during COVID-19 outbreak using WHOQoL-BREF. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:1348-1354. [PMID: 34566456 PMCID: PMC8452347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to document the quality of work life (QWL) among healthcare staff of intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency units during COVID-19 outbreak using the WHOQoL-BREF. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted for two months (May – June 2020) among healthcare staff working in intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency units of the hospitals under the National Guard Health Authority (NGHA) across five cities of Saudi Arabia. The study used the WHOQoL-BREF instrument to document the QWL through an electronic institutional survey. The data was analyzed through IBM SPSS version 23. The study was approved by an ethics committee. Results A total of 290 healthcare professionals responded to the survey. The mean overall quality of life score was 3.37 ± 0.97, general health = 3.66 ± 0.88, domains, i.e., physical = 11.67 ± 2.16, psychological = 13.08 ± 2.14, social = 13.22 ± 3.31 and environment = 12.38 ± 2.59. Respondents aged > 40 years, male gender, married status, being a physician and, having a work experience > 15 years and no extra working hours, had higher mean scores for several domains of Quality of life (QoL), overall QoL and general health (p < 0.05). Conclusion The QWL among healthcare staff during COVID-19 pandemic was low. Demographic factors were mainly the determinants for a higher QWL while the variable of extra working hours was a determinant of lower QWL. Despite the pandemic, no COVID-19 related variables affected the work life of healthcare staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Maqsood
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center- Eastern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudia Arabia.,Swiss Business School, Kloten-Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmacy, King Abdul Aziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Ashraful Islam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeb-Un- Nisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center- Eastern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudia Arabia.,King Saud bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aseel Fuad Al-Karasneh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajiha Iffat
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Azizullah Ghori
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Ather Ishaqui
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center- Eastern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudia Arabia.,Department of Pharmacy, King Abdul Aziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia.,Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Akram Hasan Aljaffan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center- Eastern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudia Arabia.,Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Alghamdi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Albaha University, Al baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Aref Albanghali
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Al baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Jamal Mahrous
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Hayat Khan
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Al Qarni A, Al-Nasser S, Alzahem A, Mohamed TA. Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Education in Internal Medicine Residency Training Program: An Exploratory Qualitative Study. Adv Med Educ Pract 2021; 12:499-506. [PMID: 34040478 PMCID: PMC8140892 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s300266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) are a global health priority. Accordingly, QIPS education in medical education became mandatory. Despite that, information about QIPS education in postgraduate training in Saudi Arabia is limited. This study aimed to explore the educational aspects of QIPS in the internal medicine residency training program at King Abdulaziz Hospital in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. METHODS This was a qualitative study employing the constructivist grounded theory approach. The sample size was determined using the theoretical saturation point, and we utilized a purposeful sampling technique. A semi-structured interview was used for data collection and was conducted between September 6 and October 20, 2020. RESULTS Twenty-two internal medicine trainee residents were required to serve the study purpose. The emerged themes were organized under awareness, education, barriers and opportunities and improvement priorities. Awareness of participants about the QIPS concept, importance, and value of education was found. The participants did not recognize specific dedicated QIPS education components under the structured training program. However, they recognized participation in patient safety-oriented activities but not in quality improvement activities. Consultants' observations and written exams were perceived as the assessment tools. Barriers including time limitation and opportunities including participation in quality improvement projects were identified. Participants suggested making QIPS education mandatory under the training program as an improvement priority. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the awareness of internal medicine residents of the QIPS concept, importance, and value of QIPS education. However, we found crucial gaps related to education including lack of a dedicated QIPS component under the training program. There is a need for multicenter studies to measure the magnitude of our findings for improvement of QIPS education in residency training in Saudi Arabia. This is the first study about QIPS education in residency training in Saudi Arabia up to our best knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al Qarni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Al-Nasser
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riaydh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alzahem
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riaydh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarig Awad Mohamed
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riaydh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Alharbi NK, Alghnam S, Algaissi A, Albalawi H, Alenazi MW, Albargawi AM, Alharbi AG, Alhazmi A, Al Qarni A, Alfarhan A, Zowawi HM, Alhatmi H, Alghamdi J, Alroqi F, Batarfi K, Arabi YM, Hashem AM, Bosaeed M, Aldibasi O. Nationwide Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Saudi Arabia. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:832-838. [PMID: 34118732 PMCID: PMC8188888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimated seroprevalence of Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a critical evidence for a better evaluation of the virus spread and monitoring the progress of COVID-19 pandemic in a population. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence has been reported in specific regions, but an extensive nationwide study has not been reported. Here, we report a nationwide study to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the population of KSA during the pandemic, using serum samples from healthy blood donors, non-COVID patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) in six different regions of the kingdom, with addition samples from COVID-19 patients. METHODS A total of 11,703 serum samples were collected from different regions of the KSA including; 5395 samples from residual healthy blood donors (D); 5877 samples from non-COVID patients collected through residual sera at clinical biochemistry labs from non-COVID patients (P); and 400 samples from consented HCWs. To determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, all serum samples, in addition to positive control sera from RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients, were subjected to in-house ELISA with a sample pooling strategy, which was further validated by testing individual samples that make up some of the pools, with a statistical estimation method to report seroprevalence estimates. RESULTS Overall (combining D and P groups) seroprevalence estimate was around 11% in Saudi Arabia; and was 5.1% (Riyadh), 1.5% (Jazan), 18.4% (Qassim), 20.8% (Hail), 14.7% (ER; Alahsa), and 18.8% in Makkah. Makkah samples were only D group and had a rate of 24.4% and 12.8% in the cities of Makkah and Jeddah, respectively. The seroprevalence in Saudi Arabia across the sampled areas would be 12 times the reported COVID-19 infection rate. Among HCWs, 7.5% (4.95-10.16 CI 95%) had reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 without reporting any previously confirmed infection. This was higher in HCWs with hypertension. The study also presents the demographics and prevalence of co-morbidities in HCWs and subset of non-COVID-19 population. INTERPRETATION Our study estimates the overall national serological prevalence of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia to be 11%, with an apparent disparity between regions. This indicates the prevalence of asymptomatic or mild unreported COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Khalaf Alharbi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suliman Alghnam
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Albalawi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed W Alenazi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areeb M Albargawi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulaziz Alhazmi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center, Jazan University Hospital, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alfarhan
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam M Zowawi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Alhatmi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jahad Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Batarfi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaseen M Arabi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M Hashem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bosaeed
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Aldibasi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Alfadda AA, Al Qarni A, Alamri K, Ahamed SS, Abo’ouf SM, Shams M, Abdelfattah W, Al Shaikh A. Perceptions, attitudes, and barriers toward obesity management in Saudi Arabia: Data from the ACTION-IO study. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:166-172. [PMID: 33666177 PMCID: PMC8265404 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_500_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ACTION IO study (NCT03584191) aimed to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and potential barriers to effective obesity care across people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Results from Saudi Arabia are presented here. METHODS A survey was conducted from June to September 2018. In Saudi Arabia, eligible PwO were ≥18 years with a self reported body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2. Eligible HCPs were in direct patient care. RESULTS The survey was completed by 1,000 PwO and 200 HCPs in Saudi Arabia. Many PwO (68%) and HCPs (62%) agreed that obesity is a chronic disease. PwO felt responsible for their weight management (67%), but 71% of HCPs acknowledged their responsibility to contribute. Overall, 58% of PwO had discussed weight with their HCP in the past 5 years, 46% had received a diagnosis of obesity, and 44% had a follow up appointment scheduled. Although 50% of PwO said they were motivated to lose weight, only 39% of HCPs thought their patients were motivated to lose weight. Less than half of PwO (39%) and HCPs (49%) regarded genetic factors as a barrier to weight loss. Many PwO had seriously attempted weight loss (92%) and achieved ≥5% weight loss (61%), but few maintained their weight loss for >1 year (5%). CONCLUSION Saudi Arabian results have revealed misperceptions among PwO and HCPs about obesity, highlighting opportunities for further education and training about obesity including the biologic basis and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assim A Alfadda
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Prof. Assim A. Alfadda, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Endocrine Section, King Abdulaziz Hospital and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Eastern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alamri
- Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Shaffi Ahamed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaza Mohammed Abo’ouf
- Department of Nutrition, The Nutrition Map Clinic for Weight Management, Private Clinic, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Shams
- Department of Medical Affairs, Medical, Novo Nordisk, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abdelfattah
- Department of Medical Affairs, Medical, Novo Nordisk, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Iqbal J, Qarni AA, Bakillah A. Diet-induced differential effects on plasma lipids secretion by the inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2021; 26:11-21. [PMID: 34027646 DOI: 10.52586/4920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal and hepatic lipid metabolism plays an essential role in regulating plasma lipid levels. These lipids are mobilized on apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins and their plasma homeostasis is maintained by balancing production and catabolism. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) which is expressed mainly in the intestine and liver plays an essential role in regulating the assembly and secretion of apoB-lipoproteins. Any imbalance in the production or clearance of lipoproteins leads to hyperlipidemia which is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Here, we identify a new role of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) in the regulation of plasma lipids. We generated intestine specific IRE1α knockout mice to study whether intestinal IRE1α regulates plasma lipids by modulating intestinal lipid absorption. Intestine specific deletion of Ire1a gene in mice fed chow diet, significantly reduced plasma cholesterol and triglycerides by 29% and 43% in Ire1a-/- mice (P < 0.01 & P < 0.001, respectively). These changes were not associated with any alteration of MTP activity nor its mRNA expression. On the other hand, Western diet increased plasma triglyceride by 37% (P < 0.01) without affecting total plasma cholesterol in Ire1a-/- mice. Interestingly, this effect was associated with a significant increase in the intestinal MTP activity and its mRNA expression (25%, P < 0.01 and 70%, P < 0.05, respectively). Collectively, our findings reveal key role of intestinal IRE1α in the regulation of plasma lipids that may provide a therapeutic target for disorders of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Iqbal
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)-Eastern Region, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Hospital (KAH), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), 31982 Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)-Eastern Region, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Hospital (KAH), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), 31982 Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bakillah
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)-Eastern Region, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Hospital (KAH), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), 31982 Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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Al Shaikh A, Farahat F, Abaalkhail B, Kaddam I, Aseri K, Al Saleh Y, Al Qarni A, Al Shuaibi A, Tamimi W. Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among School-Aged Children in Saudi Arabia and Its Association with Vitamin D Status. Acta Biomed 2020; 91:e2020133. [PMID: 33525269 PMCID: PMC7927516 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i4.10266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a significant global public health problem. Worldwide data showed an increasing trend over the years. We aimed to explore the prevalence of obesity, and its association with vitamin D status. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted during the period from 2016 to 2017. The study included 3613 schoolchildren aged 6-19 years in the western, central, and eastern regions in Saudi Arabia. Anthropometric data including age, sex and body mass index (BMI) was collected and the serum 25OH- vitamin D (25OHD) was measured. Age-sex standardized BMI Z-scores using the 2007 World Health Organization growth standards were applied. RESULTS Data from 3613 school-aged children (females = 51.8%), with equal percentage of participants from each region were analyzed. Prevalence of obesity and overweight was estimated at 7.1% and 14.4% respectively. An increasing trend was detected with age (p: 0.006). Obesity started to increase at the age of 10 years and continued to increase until 19 years. Most of the obese children (64.2%) had deficient vitamin D levels, compared to 33.7% of them with suboptimal levels and only 2.0% with optimal levels (p: <0.001). CONCLUSIONS This large cohort study revealed a high prevalence (21.5%) of obesity and overweight in school children aged between 6-19 years with increasing trend with age. Children with high BMI showed extremely high prevalence of VDD and VDI. These findings are alarming and point to the need for effective national interventions that include improving and encouraging access to physical activity and exposure to sunlight, educational activities for students, parents, and schoolteachers and possible enrichment of staple food with vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Al Shaikh
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Yousef Al Saleh
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences - Riyadh.
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Al Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital, MNGHA - Dammam.
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Zou M, Alzahrani AS, Al-Odaib A, Alqahtani MA, Babiker O, Al-Rijjal RA, BinEssa HA, Kattan WE, Al-Enezi AF, Al Qarni A, Al-Faham MSA, Baitei EY, Alsagheir A, Meyer BF, Shi Y. Molecular Analysis of Congenital Hypothyroidism in Saudi Arabia: SLC26A7 Mutation Is a Novel Defect in Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:1889-1898. [PMID: 29546359 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common neonatal endocrine disorder, affecting one in 3000 to 4000 newborns. Since the introduction of a newborn screening program in 1988, more than 300 cases have been identified. The underlying genetic defects have not been systematically studied. OBJECTIVE To identify the mutation spectrum of CH-causing genes. METHODS Fifty-five patients from 47 families were studied by next-generation exome sequencing. RESULTS Mutations were identified in 52.7% of patients (29 of 55) in the following 11 genes: TG, TPO, DUOX2, SLC26A4, SLC26A7, TSHB, TSHR, NKX2-1, PAX8, CDCA8, and HOXB3. Among 30 patients with thyroid dyshormonogenesis, biallelic TG mutations were found in 12 patients (40%), followed by biallelic mutations in TPO (6.7%), SLC26A7 (6.7%), and DUOX2 (3.3%). Monoallelic SLC26A4 mutations were found in two patients, one of them coexisting with two tandem biallelic deletions in SLC26A7. In 25 patients with thyroid dysgenesis, biallelic mutations in TSHR were found in six patients (24%). Biallelic mutations in TSHB, PAX 8, NKX2-1, or HOXB3 were found once in four different patients. A monoallelic CDCA8 mutation was found in one patient. Most mutations were novel, including three TG, two TSHR, and one each in DUOX2, TPO, SLC26A7, TSHB, NKX2-1, PAX8, CDCA8, and HOXB3. SLC26A7 and HOXB3 were novel genes associated with thyroid dyshormonogenesis and dysgenesis, respectively. CONCLUSIONS TG and TSHR mutations are the most common genetic defects in Saudi patients with CH. The prevalence of other disease-causing mutations is low, reflecting the consanguineous nature of the population. SLC26A7 mutations appear to be associated with thyroid dyshormonogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Zou
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al-Odaib
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Omer Babiker
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roua A Al-Rijjal
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A BinEssa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa E Kattan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar F Al-Enezi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar S A Al-Faham
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa Y Baitei
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Alsagheir
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Iqbal J, Al Qarni A, Hawwari A, Alghanem AF, Ahmed G. Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia and Regulation of Lipoprotein Metabolism. Curr Diabetes Rev 2018; 14:427-433. [PMID: 28677496 DOI: 10.2174/1573399813666170705161039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Development of these pathologies is associated with the disorders of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Dyslipidemia leads to the overproduction of potentially atherogenic lipid and lipoproteins. Furthermore, there is a decrease in the levels of high-density lipoproteins and an increase in the levels of remnant and small dense LDL particles. CONCLUSION In the current review, we have discussed the pathophysiology of lipoprotein biosynthesis and metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. Finally, we describe regulation of lipoprotein metabolism which may be used as a potential target for treating dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Iqbal
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Qarni
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Hawwari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad F Alghanem
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gasmelseed Ahmed
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, MNGHA, Al Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Al Shaikh AM, Abaalkhail B, Soliman A, Kaddam I, Aseri K, Al Saleh Y, Al Qarni A, Al Shuaibi A, Al Tamimi W, Mukhtar AM. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Calcium Homeostasis in Saudi Children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2016; 8:461-467. [PMID: 27476528 PMCID: PMC5198006 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) are significant health problems all over the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VDD and VDI in children and adolescents residing in 8 provinces in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to also investigate calcium homeostasis in these subjects. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2110 participants aged between 6 and 15 years. Information on socio-demographic status, anthropometric measurements, knowledge about vitamin D, color of the skin, dietary intake, sun exposure experience, smoking, and physical activity were collected through a questionnaire given to the parents of all subjects. The subjects were divided into three groups as vitamin D deficient, vitamin D insufficient, and vitamin sufficient according to their blood level of vitamin D [VDD ≤25 nmol/L (25 hydroxy vitamin D), VDI >25-50 nmol/L, and VDS >50 nmol/L]. RESULTS VDD was highly prevalent in this group of children. 95.3 of the subjects had either VDD (45.5%) or VDI (49.9%). The prevalence rate of VDD combined with VDI was higher in females (97.8%) compared to males (92.8%) (p<0.001). Only 1.6% had significant hypocalcaemia. Children with dark skin had lower concentrations of vitamin D and higher concentrations of parathormone. A positive correlation was observed between 25 hydroxy vitamin D level and serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations. onclusion: The results showed a high prevalence of VDD and VDI in Saudi children with significantly higher prevalence in girls. These findings necessitate the set-up of a national program for vitamin D supplementation and health education for this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan M Al Shaikh
- King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Chemistry Laboratory, Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia E-mail:
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