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Shirai M, Mizushima K, Tsuru T, Kurosawa M, Kure A, Uesaka Y, Nozaki T, Tsujimura A. Novel testosterone gel improves aging males' symptoms in patients with late-onset hypogonadism: Active control equivalence, randomized, double-blind, crossover pilot study. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yeh HC, Bantle JP, Cassidy-Begay M, Blackburn G, Bray GA, Byers T, Clark JM, Coday M, Egan C, Espeland MA, Foreyt JP, Garcia K, Goldman V, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hesson L, Hill JO, Horton ES, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Korytkowski M, Kure A, Lewis CE, Mantzoros C, Meacham M, Montez MG, Nathan DM, Pajewski N, Patricio J, Peters A, Xavier Pi-Sunyer F, Pownall H, Ryan DH, Safford M, Sedjo RL, Steinburg H, Vitolins M, Wadden TA, Wagenknecht LE, Wing RR, Wolff AC, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZ. Intensive Weight Loss Intervention and Cancer Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the Look AHEAD Randomized Clinical Trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1678-1686. [PMID: 32841523 PMCID: PMC8855671 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) aimed at weight loss lowers cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS Data from the Look AHEAD trial were examined to investigate whether participants randomized to ILI designed for weight loss would have reduced overall cancer incidence, obesity-related cancer incidence, and cancer mortality, as compared with the diabetes support and education (DSE) comparison group. This analysis included 4,859 participants without a cancer diagnosis at baseline except for nonmelanoma skin cancer. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 11 years, 684 participants (332 in ILI and 352 in DSE) were diagnosed with cancer. The incidence rates of obesity-related cancers were 6.1 and 7.3 per 1,000 person-years in ILI and DSE, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-1.04). There was no significant difference between the two groups in total cancer incidence (HR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.80-1.08), incidence of nonobesity-related cancers (HR, 1.02; 95% CI: 0.83-1.27), or total cancer mortality (HR, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.68-1.25). CONCLUSIONS An ILI aimed at weight loss lowered incidence of obesity-related cancers by 16% in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study sample size likely lacked power to determine effect sizes of this magnitude and smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chieh Yeh
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Oncology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John P Bantle
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maria Cassidy-Begay
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - George Blackburn
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George A Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tim Byers
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeanne M Clark
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mace Coday
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Caitlin Egan
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John P Foreyt
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katelyn Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valerie Goldman
- Diabetes Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Helen P Hazuda
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Louise Hesson
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James O Hill
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Edward S Horton
- Department of Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert W Jeffery
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System / University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mary Korytkowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne Kure
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System / University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Maria Meacham
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maria G Montez
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - David M Nathan
- Diabetes Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Anne Peters
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Henry Pownall
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donna H Ryan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Monika Safford
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca L Sedjo
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Helmut Steinburg
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mara Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Antonio C Wolff
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Holly Wyatt
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Chao AM, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Blackburn G, Bolin P, Clark JM, Coday M, Curtis JM, Delahanty LM, Dutton GR, Evans M, Ewing LJ, Foreyt JP, Gay LJ, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hill JO, Horton ES, Houston DK, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Kure A, Michalski KL, Montez MG, Neiberg RH, Patricio J, Peters A, Pi-Sunyer X, Pownall H, Reboussin D, Redmon B, Rejeski WJ, Steinburg H, Walker M, Williamson DA, Wing RR, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZ, Zhang P. Weight Change 2 Years After Termination of the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in the Look AHEAD Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:893-901. [PMID: 32320144 PMCID: PMC7437140 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated weight changes after cessation of the 10-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. It was hypothesized that ILI participants would be more likely to gain weight during the 2-year observational period following termination of weight-loss-maintenance counseling than would participants in the diabetes support and education (DSE) control group. METHODS Look AHEAD was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of ILI and DSE on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Look AHEAD was converted to an observational study in September 2012. RESULTS Two years after the end of the intervention (EOI), ILI and DSE participants lost a mean (SE) of 1.2 (0.2) kg and 1.8 (0.2) kg, respectively (P = 0.003). In addition, 31% of ILI and 23.9% of DSE participants gained ≥ 2% (P < 0.001) of EOI weight, whereas 36.3% and 45.9% of the respective groups lost ≥ 2% of EOI weight (P = 0.001). Two years after the EOI, ILI participants reported greater use of weight-control behaviors than DSE participants. CONCLUSIONS Both groups lost weight during the 2-year follow-up period, but more ILI than DSE participants gained ≥ 2% of EOI weight. Further understanding is needed of factors that affected long-term weight change in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert I Berkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George Blackburn
- Division of Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paula Bolin
- Southwestern American Indian Center, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jeanne M Clark
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mace Coday
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Curtis
- Southwestern American Indian Center, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Linda M Delahanty
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gareth R Dutton
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mary Evans
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda J Ewing
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John P Foreyt
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Linda J Gay
- Department of Psychiatry, The Miriam Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Helen P Hazuda
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - James O Hill
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Edward S Horton
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Denise K Houston
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John M Jakicic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert W Jeffery
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, US Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- Southwestern American Indian Center, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Anne Kure
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, US Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Katherine L Michalski
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria G Montez
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca H Neiberg
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Patricio
- Department of Medicine, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anne Peters
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- Department of Medicine, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Henry Pownall
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Reboussin
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bruce Redmon
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helmut Steinburg
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Martha Walker
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Rena R Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, The Miriam Hospital, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Holly Wyatt
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Houston DK, Neiberg RH, Miller ME, Hill JO, Jakicic JM, Johnson KC, Gregg EW, Hubbard VS, Pi-Sunyer X, Rejeski WJ, Wing RR, Bantle JP, Beale E, Berkowitz RI, Cassidy-Begay M, Clark JM, Coday M, Delahanty LM, Dutton G, Egan C, Foreyt JP, Greenway FL, Hazuda HP, Hergenroeder A, Horton ES, Jeffery RW, Kahn SE, Kure A, Knowler WC, Lewis CE, Martin CK, Michaels S, Montez MG, Nathan DM, Patricio J, Peters A, Pownall H, Regensteiner J, Steinburg H, Wadden TA, White K, Yanovski SZ, Zhang P, Kritchevsky SB. Physical Function Following a Long-Term Lifestyle Intervention Among Middle Aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1552-1559. [PMID: 29053861 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle interventions have been shown to improve physical function over the short term; however, whether these benefits are sustainable is unknown. The long-term effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) on physical function were assessed using a randomized post-test design in the Look AHEAD trial. Methods Overweight and obese (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) middle-aged and older adults (aged 45-76 years at enrollment) with type 2 diabetes enrolled in Look AHEAD, a trial evaluating an ILI designed to achieve weight loss through caloric restriction and increased physical activity compared to diabetes support and education (DSE), underwent standardized assessments of performance-based physical function including a 4- and 400-m walk, lower extremity physical performance (expanded Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPBexp), and grip strength approximately 11 years postrandomization and 1.5 years after the intervention was stopped (n = 3,783). Results Individuals randomized to ILI had lower odds of slow gait speed (<0.8 m/s) compared to those randomized to DSE (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 0.84 [0.71 to 0.99]). Individuals randomized to ILI also had faster gait speed over 4- and 400-m (adjusted mean difference [95% CI]: 0.019 [0.007 to 0.031] m/s, p = .002, and 0.023 [0.012 to 0.034] m/sec, p < .0001, respectively) and higher SPPBexp scores (0.037 [0.011 to 0.063], p = .005) compared to those randomized to DSE. The intervention effect was slightly larger for SPPBexp scores among older versus younger participants (0.081 [0.038 to 0.124] vs 0.013 [-0.021 to 0.047], p = .01). Conclusions An intensive lifestyle intervention has modest but significant long-term benefits on physical function in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00017953.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James O Hill
- University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora
| | | | | | | | - Van S Hubbard
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Rena R Wing
- Brown University and Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Elizabeth Beale
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | | | | | - Mace Coday
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | | | - Gareth Dutton
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine
| | - Caitlin Egan
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | | | - Helen P Hazuda
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | - Edward S Horton
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Cora E Lewis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | - Maria G Montez
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | | | - Anne Peters
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | | | | | - Thomas A Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Karen White
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ping Zhang
- Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia
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Takinami S, Kaga M, Yahata H, Kure A, Oguchi H, Yasuda M. Radiation-induced hypoplasia of the teeth and mandible. A case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994; 78:382-4. [PMID: 7970602 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(94)90072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypoplasia of the mandible and teeth is reported in a 4-year-old boy who had cystic hygroma. At age 7 months he had been treated with 60Co-gamma-radiation (24 Gy to the head and neck, 45 Gy to the mediastinum) followed by surgery. Panoramic and periapical radiographs showed hypoplasia of the roots of the primary canines, molars, and permanent teeth and no evidence of tooth germs. The patient was followed up to age 13 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takinami
- Department of Dental Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of Hokkaido, Japan
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Boysen G, Kure A, Enevoldsen E, Greve E, Møller G, Olsen TS, Schou G. [Apoplexy--the acute phase]. Ugeskr Laeger 1993; 155:1608-13. [PMID: 8316995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This review concerns the acute phase of stroke. It describes incidence, prevalence, etiology, diagnosis and treatment together with the possibilities for prevention. The incidence of stroke in the Danish population is about 2/1000 person years and has been largely unchanged during the last 20 years. About 85% of strokes are caused by cerebral infarcts, ten percent by intracerebral haemorrhages and about five percent by subarachnoid bleeding. The incidence increases with age. Up till age 65 years the ratio between men and women is two to one, while the ratio in the oldest age group approaches one to one. The most important risk factors for stroke are smoking, arterial hypertension, previous cerebrovascular disease, heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Till now, no treatment has been documented as effective in reducing the cerebral damage caused by acute stroke. Ongoing controlled clinical trials in the acute state of ischaemic stroke are testing the effect of thrombolytic therapy, treatment with calciumantagonists, aspirin and heparin. The general medical treatment including nursing and physiotherapy in the acute phase is described. Within recent years benefit of various strategies of stroke prevention has been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boysen
- Neuromedicinsk afdeling, Hvidovre Hospital, København
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Takinami S, Suzuki K, Kure A, Kuroda M, Abe S. [A case of cavernous hemangioma with large hematoma]. Rinsho Hoshasen 1988; 33:613-6. [PMID: 3047463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Yamazaki M, Takinami S, Ohmori K, Takamura T, Satoh T, Kure A. [Fibrous dysplasia of maxillo-facial bones]. Rinsho Hoshasen 1988; 33:277-82. [PMID: 3385952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Yamazaki M, Ohmori K, Takamura T, Kure A. [Rib anomaly seen in basal cell nevus syndrome]. Rinsho Hoshasen 1987; 32:1035-9. [PMID: 3694846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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