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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, 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Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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LaRose JG, Gorin AA, Garcia K, Hayes JF, Tate DF, Espeland MA, Lewis CE, Perdue L, Robichaud E, Hatley K, Wing RR. Life events and stress among young adults in weight gain prevention trial. Health Psychol 2023; 42:314-324. [PMID: 37141017 PMCID: PMC10167549 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young adults (YAs) are at high risk for weight gain and show high variability in treatment response. Life events and high perceived stress are common in YAs and could drive less favorable outcomes. The goal was to examine whether life events and stress were related to program engagement and weight outcomes in a weight gain prevention trial for YAs. METHOD Secondary analysis from the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP), a randomized clinical trial (N = 599, 18-35 years, BMI 21-30 kg/m²). Both intervention arms received 10 in-person sessions over 4 months, with long-term contact via web and SMS. Participants completed the CARDIA life events survey and Cohen Perceived Stress Scale-4 at 0 and 4 months; weight was objectively measured at 0, 4 months, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years. RESULTS Participants who experienced more life events prior to study entry had lower session attendance (p < .01) and retention (p < .01), although no differences in weight outcomes were observed (p = .39). Baseline perceived stress followed a similar pattern. Participants who experienced more life events and higher perceived stress during the initial in-person program (0-4 months) appeared to experience less favorable weight outcomes long-term (p = .05 for life events, p = .04 for stress). Very few associations differed by treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS Experiencing more life events and stress was negatively associated with program engagement and may impair long-term weight outcomes for YAs. Future work should consider identifying YAs at highest risk and tailoring interventions to better meet their needs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jacqueline F. Hayes
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center at the Miriam Hospital
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Deborah F. Tate
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | - Erica Robichaud
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center at the Miriam Hospital
| | | | - Rena R. Wing
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center at the Miriam Hospital
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University
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Pandey A, Khan MS, Garcia K, Simpson F, Bahnson J, Patel KV, Singh S, Vaduganathan M, Bertoni A, Kitzman D, Johnson K, Lewis CE, Espeland MA. Association of Baseline and Longitudinal Changes in Frailty Burden and Risk of Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes-Findings from the Look AHEAD Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:2489-2497. [PMID: 35453142 PMCID: PMC9799190 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes have a high frailty burden and increased risk of heart failure (HF). In this study, we evaluated the association of baseline and longitudinal changes in frailty with risk of HF and its subtypes: HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). METHODS Participants (age: 45-76 years) of the Look AHEAD trial without prevalent HF were included. The frailty index (FI) was used to assess frailty burden using a 35-variable deficit model. The association between baseline and longitudinal changes (1- and 4-year follow-up) in FI with risk of overall HF, HFpEF (ejection fraction [EF] ≥ 50%), and HFrEF (EF < 50%) independent of other risk factors and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using adjusted Cox models. RESULTS The study included 5 100 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, of which 257 developed HF. In adjusted analysis, higher frailty burden was significantly associated with a greater risk of overall HF. Among HF subtypes, higher baseline FI was significantly associated with risk of HFpEF (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI] per 1-SD higher FI: 1.37 [1.15-1.63]) but not HFrEF (HR [95% CI]: 1.19 [0.96-1.46]) after adjustment for potential confounders, including traditional HF risk factors. Among participants with repeat measures of FI at 1- and 4-year follow-up, an increase in frailty burden was associated with a higher risk of HFpEF (HR [95% CI] per 1-SD increase in FI at 4 years: 1.78 [1.35-2.34]) but not HFrEF after adjustment for other confounders. CONCLUSIONS Among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, higher baseline frailty and worsening frailty burden over time were independently associated with higher risk of HF, particularly HFpEF after adjustment for other confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Muhammad Shahzeb Khan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katelyn Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Felicia Simpson
- Department of Mathematics, Winston–Salem State University, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Judy Bahnson
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kershaw V Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sumitabh Singh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Muthiah Vaduganathan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dalane Kitzman
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Karen Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston–Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Studer A, Frederick C, Garcia K, Reilly E, Morrison T, Auten J, Zarow G, Drew B, Grimaldo F. 365 A Pilot Study of Hypothermia Prevention in a Hemorrhagic Swine Model. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Garrido-Hoyos S, Garcia K, Miranda E, López B, Briseño J. Kinetics and drainage index in function of pH, in the dewatering of arsenic iron sludge. Sci Total Environ 2020; 742:140251. [PMID: 32623155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water for human consumption containing arsenic from natural and anthropogenic sources is a public health problem worldwide. Therefore, different technologies must be used to remove it from the water (coagulation-filtration assisted with ferric chloride, adsorption, membranes, etc.). While these technologies produce water that is free from arsenic, they also produce toxic residuals with high arsenic concentrations, which must be treated in order to decrease their volume and thereby facilitate transport and final disposal. Thus, the main purpose of this investigation was to study the physical and chemical properties of arsenic iron sludge in thickening, chemical conditioning, and dewatering processes, as well as to propose new kinetic criteria for obtaining the drainage index (Eg) based on polymer dose, mesh permeability, specific resistance to filtration, and pH. We found a significant improvement in the physical and chemical properties when thickening the sludge, in particular, floc size increased and specific resistance to filtration and Z-potential decreased due to weakened repulsive forces, resulting in more sedimentation. The polymer AN913VHM (PF2) had the best behavior in the chemical conditioning and dewatering tests, with an optimal dose of 8 mg/L and a mesh permeability of 80-100 ft3/min ft2, which made it possible to retain more flocs (60% in 3.74 min). The pH affected the amount of total solids in the cake, with more solids obtained at a pH of 6 (25.93 g/L) and 6.5 (21.81 g/L), and with rapid drainage of surface water (69.28%). Furthermore, new kinetic criteria were obtained for a drainage time of 120 s in order to eliminate 60% of the total volume of the filtrate mass, with Eg of 3.05 at a pH of 6. This value is considered medium drainage for this type of sludge, which is difficult to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Garrido-Hoyos
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA), Paseo Cuahnauhuac 8532, Jiutepec, Mor. 62550, Mexico.
| | - K Garcia
- Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA), Paseo Cuahnauhuac 8532, Jiutepec, Mor. 62550, Mexico
| | - E Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Master and Doctorate in Environmental Engineering, UNAM-IMTA, Morelos, Mexico
| | - B López
- Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos (UPEMOR), Blvd. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 566, Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec, Mor. 62574, Mexico
| | - J Briseño
- Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos (UPEMOR), Blvd. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 566, Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec, Mor. 62574, Mexico
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Yeh HC, Bantle JP, Cassidy-Begay M, Blackburn G, Bray GA, Byers T, Clark JM, Coday M, Egan C, Espeland MA, Foreyt JP, Garcia K, Goldman V, Gregg EW, Hazuda HP, Hesson L, Hill JO, Horton ES, Jakicic JM, Jeffery RW, Johnson KC, Kahn SE, Knowler WC, Korytkowski M, Kure A, Lewis CE, Mantzoros C, Meacham M, Montez MG, Nathan DM, Pajewski N, Patricio J, Peters A, Xavier Pi-Sunyer F, Pownall H, Ryan DH, Safford M, Sedjo RL, Steinburg H, Vitolins M, Wadden TA, Wagenknecht LE, Wing RR, Wolff AC, Wyatt H, Yanovski SZ. Intensive Weight Loss Intervention and Cancer Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the Look AHEAD Randomized Clinical Trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1678-1686. [PMID: 32841523 PMCID: PMC8855671 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) aimed at weight loss lowers cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS Data from the Look AHEAD trial were examined to investigate whether participants randomized to ILI designed for weight loss would have reduced overall cancer incidence, obesity-related cancer incidence, and cancer mortality, as compared with the diabetes support and education (DSE) comparison group. This analysis included 4,859 participants without a cancer diagnosis at baseline except for nonmelanoma skin cancer. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 11 years, 684 participants (332 in ILI and 352 in DSE) were diagnosed with cancer. The incidence rates of obesity-related cancers were 6.1 and 7.3 per 1,000 person-years in ILI and DSE, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-1.04). There was no significant difference between the two groups in total cancer incidence (HR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.80-1.08), incidence of nonobesity-related cancers (HR, 1.02; 95% CI: 0.83-1.27), or total cancer mortality (HR, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.68-1.25). CONCLUSIONS An ILI aimed at weight loss lowered incidence of obesity-related cancers by 16% in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study sample size likely lacked power to determine effect sizes of this magnitude and smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chieh Yeh
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Oncology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John P Bantle
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maria Cassidy-Begay
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - George Blackburn
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George A Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tim Byers
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeanne M Clark
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mace Coday
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Caitlin Egan
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John P Foreyt
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katelyn Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valerie Goldman
- Diabetes Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Helen P Hazuda
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Louise Hesson
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James O Hill
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Edward S Horton
- Department of Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert W Jeffery
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System / University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mary Korytkowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne Kure
- Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System / University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Maria Meacham
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maria G Montez
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - David M Nathan
- Diabetes Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Anne Peters
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Henry Pownall
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Donna H Ryan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Monika Safford
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rebecca L Sedjo
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Helmut Steinburg
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mara Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Antonio C Wolff
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Holly Wyatt
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Olimpi EM, Garcia K, Gonthier DJ, De Master KT, Echeverri A, Kremen C, Sciligo AR, Snyder WE, Wilson-Rankin EE, Karp DS. Shifts in species interactions and farming contexts mediate net effects of birds in agroecosystems. Ecol Appl 2020; 30:e02115. [PMID: 32145709 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Some birds are viewed as pests and vectors of foodborne pathogens in farmlands, yet birds also benefit growers by consuming pests. While many growers seek to prevent birds from accessing their farms, few studies have attempted to quantify the net effects of bird services and disservices, let alone how net effects shift across farm management strategies. We quantified the net effect of birds on crop production across 20 California strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) farms that varied in local management practices and landscape context. We surveyed farms for berry damage and bird droppings (as potential sources of pathogens) and implemented a large-scale exclusion experiment to quantify the impact of birds on production. We found that birds had only a slightly negative overall impact on strawberry production, reducing economic value by 3.6%. Direct bird damage and intraguild predation contributed equally to this net effect, underscoring the importance of indirect trophic interactions that may be less apparent to growers. In simple landscapes (e.g., low proportions of surrounding seminatural habitat), birds provided pest control in the interiors of farm fields, and costs from bird damage to crops peaked at field edges. In complex landscapes (e.g., high proportions of seminatural habitat), birds were more likely to disrupt pest control by feeding as intraguild predators. Nonetheless, seminatural habitat dampened bird services and disservices, and our models predicted that removing habitat around farm fields would increase costs from bird damage to crops by up to 76%. Fecal contamination of crops was extremely rare (0.01%). However, both fecal contamination and bird damage did increase on farms with higher densities of fencing and wires, where birds often perch. Our results demonstrate that maintaining seminatural habitat around farms may enhance bird diversity and mitigate bird damage without increasing food safety risks. We also show that the net effects of birds depend on farming context and vary in complex ways in relation to locations within a farm, local farm attributes, and the surrounding landscape. This context-specific variation must be considered in order to optimize the management of wild birds in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Olimpi
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1088 Academic Surge, 455 Crocker Lane, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - K Garcia
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - D J Gonthier
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - K T De Master
- Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Mulford Hall, 130 Hilgard Way, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - A Echeverri
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C Kremen
- Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Mulford Hall, 130 Hilgard Way, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Campus, AERL Building, 429-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A R Sciligo
- Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Mulford Hall, 130 Hilgard Way, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - W E Snyder
- Department of Entomology, Washington State University, PO Box 646382, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA
| | - E E Wilson-Rankin
- Department of Entomology, University of California, 165 Entomology Bldg., Citrus Drive, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
| | - D S Karp
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1088 Academic Surge, 455 Crocker Lane, Davis, California, 95616, USA
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Huanca W, Garcia K, Huanca WF, Cordero A, Malaga J. 108 Use of seminal plasma as ovulation inductor in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) embryo recipient and its effect on pregnancy rate. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv32n2ab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpacas, like other camelids, are classified as induced ovulators because an external stimulus is required for the occurrence of ovulation. Recent studies have identified the β-nerve growth factor (β-NGF), a protein present in the seminal plasma (SP), as responsible for inducing ovulation in this species and having potent luteotropic function. We speculate that SP can be used in reproductive biotechnologies, such as embryo transfer (ET), to increase the number of genetically superior animals produced in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of inducing ovulation with SP or a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue on pregnancy rate in recipients of an alpaca ET program. Semen from 5 adult male alpacas was collected with an artificial vagina and diluted 1:1 (v/v) with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Gibco-BRL). The diluted semen was centrifuged for 30min at 1200g, and the supernatant or SP was decanted and examined for absence of sperm. Then, the SP was centrifuged again for 20min at 1200×g. The SP was stored at −80°C until the use. Female alpacas (n=38; 6-8 years) with a body condition score of 2.5-3.5 (scale 1-5) were used for the experiment. Animals were evaluated daily by transrectal ultrasonography to determine the presence of a dominant follicle ≥7mm and randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) GnRH (n=20), 0.04mg of Buserelin acetate IM, or (2) SP (n=18): 1.0mL of seminal plasma IM. Seven days after GnRH or SP treatment (Day 0) the recipients received a fresh embryo. Alpaca donors (n=18) were given GnRH (0.04mg IM) and treated 36h later with 700IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (ECG). Donors were mated with fertile males 5 days after ECG (Day 0 of recipients), and embryos were recovered 7 days later. Embryos of similar quality were assigned to both groups and transferred nonsurgically to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum. Ultrasonography examinations were performed on Day 2 to confirm ovulation and Day 25 to determine pregnancy in all of the recipients. Data was analysed by chi-squared test. Ovulation rate was not different between groups (100% each). Pregnancy rate was 45% (9 out of 20) and 44% (8 of 18) in GnRH and SP groups, respectively (P=0.77). In conclusion, SP was effective to induce ovulation in alpacas and was able to produce a pregnancy rate similar to that of GnRH as an ovulation-inducing treatment. Thus, SP can be used as an alternative for ET programs in alpacas.
Research was funded by the project Role of Seminal Plasma in Reproductive Physiology and Application of Biotechnologies in Camelids (149-2017-CIENCIACTIVA).
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Garcia K, Moore B, Kim G, Dsurney J, Chan L. The Impact of Affective States on Postconcussive Symptoms in a TBI Population. Mil Med 2019; 184:168-173. [PMID: 30901411 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of persistent postconcussive symptoms (PCS) associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasing cause of disability and lost productivity. The reasons for these persistent symptoms in a percentage of even mild TBI are poorly understood. The existence of comorbid conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder or other traumatic injuries may be factors that impact the presence of PCS. We expect that greater levels of affective symptoms will be associated with increases in PCS assessed on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI). TBI subjects (N = 69) who were seen 1 year post-injury were recruited from a larger cohort study of TBI. Subjects were administered the NSI, Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL). Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlations and analysis of variances. We found significant correlations between the four NSI factors and the three BSI factors and the PCL total score. Mild TBI subjects were found to have the highest correlations between affective and somatic symptoms. These findings support our hypothesis that affective states are associated with higher PCS reporting and that early identification and treatment may decrease PCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Garcia
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD
| | - Brian Moore
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD
| | - Grace Kim
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1604, Bethesda, MD
| | - John Dsurney
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD
| | - Leighton Chan
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD.,Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1604, Bethesda, MD
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11
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Kong J, Garcia K, Hong J, Tian L, Mackey S. Exploring the Roles of Quantitative Sensory Testing: Biomarker of Chronic Pain and Predictor of Clinical Response to Acupuncture. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Guerrero-Galán C, Garcia K, Houdinet G, Zimmermann SD. HcTOK1 participates in the maintenance of K + homeostasis in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum, which is essential for the symbiotic K + nutrition of Pinus pinaster. Plant Signal Behav 2018; 13:e1480845. [PMID: 29939816 PMCID: PMC6110361 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1480845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Most land plants rely on root symbioses to complement or improve their mineral nutrition. Recent researches have put forward that mycorrhizal fungi efficiently absorb and transfer potassium (K+) from the soil to host plant roots, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not completely elucidated yet. We have recently revealed that K+ is likely released from the fungal Hartig net to the plant by TOK channels in the ectomycorrhizal model Hebeloma cylindrosporum - Pinus pinaster. H. cylindrosporum harbours three TOK members. Herein, we report that one of them, HcTOK1, has similar features than the yeast ScTOK1. Moreover, we propose a role for this channel in the transport of K+ from the medium to ectomycorrhizal roots under K+ starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Guerrero-Galán
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - K. Garcia
- Biology and Microbiology Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota USA
| | - G. Houdinet
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - S. D. Zimmermann
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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McVitie S, Hughes S, Fallon K, McFadzean S, McGrouther D, Krajnak M, Legrand W, Maccariello D, Collin S, Garcia K, Reyren N, Cros V, Fert A, Zeissler K, Marrows CH. A transmission electron microscope study of Néel skyrmion magnetic textures in multilayer thin film systems with large interfacial chiral interaction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5703. [PMID: 29632330 PMCID: PMC5890272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic metal (FM)/heavy metal (HM) multilayer systems produced by conventional sputtering methods have recently generated huge interest due to their applications in the field of spintronics. The sandwich structure with two correctly-chosen heavy metal layers provides an additive interfacial exchange interaction which promotes domain wall or skyrmion spin textures that are Néel in character and with a fixed chirality. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a high resolution method ideally suited to quantitatively image such chiral magnetic configurations. When allied with physical and chemical TEM analysis of both planar and cross-sectional samples, key length scales such as grain size and the chiral variation of the magnetisation variation have been identified and measured. We present data showing the importance of the grain size (mostly < 10 nm) measured from direct imaging and its potential role in describing observed behaviour of isolated skyrmions (diameter < 100 nm). In the latter the region in which the magnetization rotates is measured to be around 30 nm. Such quantitative information on the multiscale magnetisation variations in the system is key to understanding and exploiting the behaviour of skyrmions for future applications in information storage and logic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McVitie
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - S Hughes
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Fallon
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S McFadzean
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D McGrouther
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Krajnak
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - W Legrand
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - D Maccariello
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Collin
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - K Garcia
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Reyren
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - V Cros
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Fert
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - K Zeissler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - C H Marrows
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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14
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Igyártó B, Sharma R, Garcia K, David-Dirgo V, Pathak K, Kroll M, Terraf P, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Pirrotte P. Abstract P3-05-21: An integrative approach to the discovery of triple-negative breast cancer markers derived from extracellular vesicles. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-05-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype accounting for nearly 20% of all breast cancer (BC) cases with disproportionally poor prognosis. Treatment options are limited by the lack of expression of common BC receptors targeted by FDA-approved small molecule inhibitors, resulting in an unmet need for efficient and cost effective treatments. Immunotherapies are emerging as a powerful alternative to standard chemo- and radiation therapy. Our objectives are to generate vaccines targeting TNBC and to identify circulating biomarkers capable of monitoring their therapeutic efficacy in a human transgenic mouse model (C57BL/6) compatible with EO771.LMB, a murine cell line of TNBC with a reported basal-like phenotype.
Our current study characterized the cancer-related proteomic and metabolic signatures derived from extracellular vesicles isolated from EO771.LMB. It has been shown that extracellular vesicles (EV) shed by tumors carry complex cargos comprised of proteins, metabolites and nucleic acids and may exhibit cancer-specific signatures with a potential as prognostic markers or predictors of therapy response. EVs released by TNBC tumors into circulation might provide non-invasive and highly actionable insight into the tumor biology of this aggressive cancer.
To further our understanding of cancer-specific EV proteomes, we used mass-spectrometry based proteomics and identified a total of 2265 unique proteins from EVs isolated from conditioned media from EO771.LMB. Our survey across the EV proteome, the expression proteome (5096) and phosphoproteome (2728) identified 6461 unique proteins overall. Within EV sub-fractions, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies were characterized by proteomic cargos different from exosomes. Over 90% of proteins identified in EVs shed by cultured EO771.LMB mapped with proteins curated in ExoCarta. Of interest, exploration of the EV proteome identified 47 GPI-anchored surface proteins. These candidate membrane proteins included Glypican-1 and CD109, previously reported as highly specific to cancer, as well as potential TNBC-specific markers. Our multipronged strategy for deep proteomic profiling of EO771.LMB enhanced identification by ˜25% compared to global whole cell proteomics alone. We also identified ˜3150 metabolites corresponding to lysophosphatidyl choline (35%), fatty-acids, -esters, -amides, -alcohols (30%), glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids (16%), sugar (1%), amino acids and biogenic amines (4%), organic acids and derivatives, cyclic alcohols, aromatic compounds and steroids (13%). Of these, 1450 metabolites were shared between cell line and EVs.
A proteogenomic approach expanded identification to onco-proteoforms and tumor-specific peptides not represented in canonical databases. Custom, cell-specific protein databases derived from whole transcriptome sequencing of EO771.LMB elucidated novel protein variants and mutations. Pan-cancer markers vs. TNBC-specific markers will be verified in other murine cell lines, across multiple cancer types and fibroblast controls. Optimal membrane markers for downstream immune-affinity purification from plasma will be proposed, and their ability to diagnose disease or monitor tumor load during treatment will be discussed.
Citation Format: Igyártó B, Sharma R, Garcia K, David-Dirgo V, Pathak K, Kroll M, Terraf P, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Pirrotte P. An integrative approach to the discovery of triple-negative breast cancer markers derived from extracellular vesicles [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-05-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Igyártó
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - R Sharma
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - K Garcia
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - V David-Dirgo
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - K Pathak
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - M Kroll
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - P Terraf
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - K Van Keuren-Jensen
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
| | - P Pirrotte
- Collaborative Center for Translational Mass Spectrometry, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX; Center for Noninvasive Diagnostics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ
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Houston DK, Tooze JA, Garcia K, Visser M, Rubin S, Harris TB, Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB. Protein Intake and Mobility Limitation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: the Health ABC Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:1705-1711. [PMID: 28306154 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for protein is based on short-term nitrogen balance studies in young adults and may underestimate the amount needed to optimally preserve physical function in older adults. We examined the association between protein intake and the onset of mobility limitation over 6 years of follow-up in older adults in the Health ABC study. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Memphis, Tennessee and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling, initially well-functioning adults aged 70-79 years (n = 1998). MEASUREMENTS Protein intake (g/kg body weight/d) was calculated using an interviewer-administered 108-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Mobility limitation was assessed semi-annually and defined as reporting any difficulty walking one-quarter of a mile or climbing 10 steps on 2 consecutive 6-month contacts. The association between protein intake and incident mobility limitation was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusting for demographics, behavioral characteristics, chronic conditions, total energy intake, and height. RESULTS Mean (SD) protein intake was 0.91 (0.38) g/kg body weight/d, with 43% reporting intakes less than the RDA (0.8 g/kg body weight/d). During 6 years of follow-up, 705 participants (35.3%) developed mobility limitations. Compared to participants in the upper tertile of protein intake (≥1.0 g/kg body weight/d), participants in the lower two tertiles of protein intake (<0.7 and 0.7 -<1.0 g/kg body weight/d) were at greater risk of developing mobility limitation over 6 years of follow-up (RR (95% CI): 1.86 (1.41-2.44) and 1.49 (1.20-1.84), respectively). CONCLUSION Lower protein intake was associated with increased risk of mobility limitation in community-dwelling, initially well-functioning older adults. These results suggest that protein intakes of ≥1.0 g/kg body weight/d may be optimal for maintaining physical function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Katelyn Garcia
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Susan Rubin
- University of California, San Francisco, California
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Wolfgram DF, Garcia K, Evans G, Zamanian S, Tang R, Wiegmann T, Sharma R, Campbell R, Whittle J. Association of Albuminuria and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate with Functional Performance Measures in Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Nephrol 2017; 45:172-179. [PMID: 28118620 DOI: 10.1159/000455388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly common and disproportionately affects older adults. The contribution of kidney disease to the functional impairment noted in the elderly CKD population is unclear. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of a hypertensive cohort of people aged ≥75 years from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial. We evaluated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) as predictors of 3 measures of functional status: EuroQol-5 Dimensional (EQ-5D) score, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) score, and gait speed. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations between our independent variables and outcome measures. RESULTS Our analysis included 2,620 participants, mean age of 79.9 (4.0) years. Unadjusted models showed that lower eGFR level and higher UACR level were associated with lower EQ-5D (p < 0.001 for both) and slower gait speed (p < 0.001 for both) and worse scores on FES (p = 0.032 and p = 0.039). In the fully adjusted models, higher levels of UACR remained significantly associated with lower EQ-5D scores and slower gait speed (p = 0.011 and p = 0.002, respectively). In contrast, level of eGFR was not associated with any functional outcome measures when accounting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS In individuals aged ≥75 years, albuminuria and eGFR were associated with impairments in physical performance and self-reported functional status; however, only the association with albuminuria remained after adjusting for relevant demographics and comorbidities. Evaluation of albuminuria may provide an additional tool for identifying older individuals at risk for functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn F Wolfgram
- Medicine Division, Section of Nephrology, Milwaukee VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Moreau-Luchaire C, Moutafis C, Reyren N, Sampaio J, Vaz CAF, Van Horne N, Bouzehouane K, Garcia K, Deranlot C, Warnicke P, Wohlhüter P, George JM, Weigand M, Raabe J, Cros V, Fert A. Erratum: Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature. Nat Nanotechnol 2016; 11:731. [PMID: 27485585 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Moreau-Luchaire C, Mouta S C, Reyren N, Sampaio J, Vaz CAF, Van Horne N, Bouzehouane K, Garcia K, Deranlot C, Warnicke P, Wohlhüter P, George JM, Weigand M, Raabe J, Cros V, Fert A. Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmions at room temperature. Nat Nanotechnol 2016; 11:444-8. [PMID: 26780660 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Facing the ever-growing demand for data storage will most probably require a new paradigm. Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions are anticipated to solve this issue as they are arguably the smallest spin textures in magnetic thin films in nature. We designed cobalt-based multilayered thin films in which the cobalt layer is sandwiched between two heavy metals and so provides additive interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMIs), which reach a value close to 2 mJ m(-2) in the case of the Ir|Co|Pt asymmetric multilayers. Using a magnetization-sensitive scanning X-ray transmission microscopy technique, we imaged small magnetic domains at very low fields in these multilayers. The study of their behaviour in a perpendicular magnetic field allows us to conclude that they are actually magnetic skyrmions stabilized by the large DMI. This discovery of stable sub-100 nm individual skyrmions at room temperature in a technologically relevant material opens the way for device applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moreau-Luchaire
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C Mouta S
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - N Reyren
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - J Sampaio
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C A F Vaz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - N Van Horne
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - K Bouzehouane
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - K Garcia
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - C Deranlot
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - P Warnicke
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P Wohlhüter
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Mesoscopic Systems, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J-M George
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - M Weigand
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Raabe
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - V Cros
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | - A Fert
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau 91767, France
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Pitts R, Garcia K, Ribisl P, Vitolins M, Cheskin L, Glasser S, Balasubramanyam A, Pownall HJ, Wagenknecht L, Eckel R. TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HEMOGLOBIN A1C IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)32021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wysham WZ, Campbell S, Garcia K, Smith J, Rahangdale L. Predictors of Follow-Up in Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2-3. J Reprod Med 2015; 60:507-512. [PMID: 26775459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a cohort of women receiving care after abnormal Pap smears and to assess predictors of follow-up in a cohort of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2-3. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study of women attending a colposcopy clinic in 2011. Data was collected by chart review and a bivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of follow-up. RESULTS In 2011, 21% (156/745) of women attending a colposcopy clinic at a tertiary medical center were diagnosed with CIN 2-3. Of those women 79% returned to the clinic for their recommended follow-up procedures within 8 months. Of the following factors-severity of diagnosis, age, race/ethnicity, health insurance status, language, distance to clinic, and tobacco/contraception! condom use-only young age (< 29 years) was associated with late or lack of follow-up in bivariate analysis (odds ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 1.10-6.83). When women under age 21 were excluded, this association was no longer observed (OR 2.31, 95% CI 0.92-6.06). CONCLUSION In this cohort of mostly uninsured women, overall follow-up for a CIN 2-3 diagnosis was high. No single factor predictive for follow-up was identified in appropriately screened women.
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Harrison M, Garcia K, Ebert D, Sargsyan A, Dulchavsky S. 378 Spinal Pathology as Assessed by Ultrasound Before, During, and After Long Duration Space Flight. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Puga O, Perez MV, Farias M, Saez N, Barriga MI, Garcia K, Saavedra M, Fernandez M, Rodriguez T. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF BORDERLINE OVARIAN TUMORS IN DR SOTERO DEL RIO HOSPITAL: IGCS-0068 Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/00009577-201505001-00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Tetienne JP, Hingant T, Martínez L, Rohart S, Thiaville A, Diez LH, Garcia K, Adam JP, Kim JV, Roch JF, Miron I, Gaudin G, Vila L, Ocker B, Ravelosona D, Jacques V. The nature of domain walls in ultrathin ferromagnets revealed by scanning nanomagnetometry. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6733. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Tetienne JP, Hingant T, Kim JV, Diez LH, Adam JP, Garcia K, Roch JF, Rohart S, Thiaville A, Ravelosona D, Jacques V. Nanoscale imaging and control of domain-wall hopping with a nitrogen-vacancy center microscope. Science 2014; 344:1366-9. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1250113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Rahangdale L, Lippmann QK, Garcia K, Budwit D, Smith JS, van Le L. Topical 5-fluorouracil for treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 210:314.e1-314.e8. [PMID: 24384495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravaginal application of 5% 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 in women. STUDY DESIGN Women aged 18-29 years with CIN 2 were recruited for this randomized controlled trial of observation vs treatment with intravaginal 5-FU. Women in the observation group returned in 6 months for a Papanicolaou smear, colposcopy, and a human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid test. Women in the 5-FU group were treated with intravaginal 5-FU once every 2 weeks for a total of 16 weeks and were similarly evaluated at 6 months. All women who had a baseline visit were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Values of P < .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Between August 2010 and June 2013, 60 women were randomized and had a baseline visit for intervention (n = 31) vs observation (n = 29). Of women who had cervical biopsy results at 6 months, regression of disease was demonstrated in 93% of women in the 5-FU group (26 of 28) and 56% of women in the observation group (15 of 27). Under the intention-to-treat analysis, a relative risk for cervical disease regression of 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.56) was found between the 5-FU and observation arms (P = .01). When the cervical biopsy, Papanicolaou smear, and HPV results were combined for the 6 month follow-up visit, 50% of the 5-FU group (14 of 28) had a documented normal biopsy, normal Papanicolaou smear, and negative HPV test compared with 22% in the observation group (6 of 27) (relative risk, 2.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-5.09; P < .05). There were no moderate or severe side effects in the intervention group. CONCLUSION Topical 5-FU appears to be an effective medical therapy for CIN 2 in young women. 5-FU is readily available and may be considered as an off-label treatment option for young women with CIN 2 who are interested in the treatment of disease but want to avoid excisional procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Rahangdale
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Quinn K Lippmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Katelyn Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Debra Budwit
- Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jennifer S Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda van Le
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
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Montoro Lopez M, Iniesta Manjavacas A, Mori Junco R, Pena Conde L, Pons De Antonio I, Garcia Blas S, Lopez Fernandez T, Moreno Gomez R, Moreno Yanguela M, Lopez Sendon J, Carro A, Kiotsekoglou A, Andoh J, Brown S, Kaski J, Imamura Y, Arai K, Uematsu S, Fukushima K, Hoshi H, Ashihara K, Takagi A, Hagiwara N, Gillis K, Bala G, Roosens B, Remory I, Droogmans S, Van Camp G, Cosyns B, Van De Heyning C, Magne J, Pierard L, Bruyere P, Davin L, De Maeyer C, Paelinck B, Vrints C, Lancellotti P, Borowiec A, Dabrowski R, Kowalik I, Firek B, Chwyczko T, Janas J, Szwed H, Tufaro V, Fragasso G, Ingallina G, Marini C, Fisicaro A, Loiacono F, Margonato A, Agricola E, Ferreira F, Pereira T, Abreu J, Labandeiro J, Fiarresga A, Ferreira A, Galrinho A, Branco L, Timoteo A, Ferreira R, Marmol R, Gomez M, Garcia K, Sanmiguel D, Cabades C, Monteagudo M, Nunez C, Fernandez C, Diez J, Roldan I, Kolesnyk M, Borowiec A, Dabrowski R, Kowalik I, Firek B, Chwyczko T, Janas J, Szwed H, Marini C, Tufaro V, Ancona M, Fisicaro A, Oppizzi M, Margonato A, Agricola E, Krestjyaninov M, Razin V, Gimaev R, Carminati M, Piazzese C, Tsang W, Lang R, Caiani E, Goncalves S, Ramalho A, Placido R, Marta L, Cortez Dias N, Magalhaes A, Menezes M, Martins S, Almeida A, Nunes Diogo A, Stokke TM, Ruddox V, Sarvari SI, Otterstad JE, Aune E, Edvardsen T, Pirone D, De Francesco V, Marino F, Gervasi F, Demartini C, Goffredo C, Bono M, Mega S, Chello M, Di Sciascio G, Martin Hidalgo M, Seoane Garcia T, Carrasco Avalos F, Mesa Rubio M, Delgado Ortega M, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mazuelos Bellido F, Suarez De Lezo Herrero De Tejada J, Pan Alvarez De Osorio M, Suarez De Lezo Cruz Conde J, Seoane Garcia T, Martin Hidalgo M, Carrasco Avalos F, Mesa Rubio M, Ruiz Ortiz M, Delgado Ortega M, Lopez Granados A, Romero Moreno M, Pan Alvarez-Ossorio M, Suarez De Lezo Cruz Conde J, Menichetti F, Bongiorni M, Ferro B, Segreti L, Bertini P, Mariotti R, Baldassarri R, Di Cori A, Zucchelli G, Guarracino F, Santoro A, Federco Alvino F, Giovanni Antonelli G, Raffaella De Vito R, Roberta Molle R, Sergio Mondillo S, Mahmoud Y, Abdel-Kader M, Guindy R, Elzahwy S, Dijkema E, Molenschot M, Slieker M, Oliveira Da Silva C, Sahlen A, Winter R, Back M, Ruck A, Settergren M, Manouras A, Shahgaldi K, Krestjyaninov M, Ruzov V. Club35 Poster Session Thursday 12 December: 12/12/2013, 08:30-18:00 * Location: Poster area. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jet214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Garcia K, Boust D, Moulin V, Douville E, Fourest B, Guillaumont R. Multiparametric Investigation of the Reactions of Plutonium under Estuarine Conditions. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.1996.74.special-issue.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Garcia
- Laboratoire de Radioécologie Marine IPSN BP 10, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - D. Boust
- Laboratoire de Radioécologie Marine IPSN BP 10, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - V. Moulin
- CEA, DCC/DESD/SESD/Section de Geochimie, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - E. Douville
- Laboratoire de Radioécologie Marine IPSN BP 10, 50130 Octeville, France
| | - B. Fourest
- Groupe de Radiochimie, Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Université Paris XI, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - R. Guillaumont
- Groupe de Radiochimie, Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Université Paris XI, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France
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Abstract
Infecções sistêmicas causadas pelo complexo Mycobacterium avium em cães são consideradas raras. Em cães e gatos, a infecção resulta da ingestão de carne ou do contato com solo ou fômites contaminados. As manifestações clínicas de cães infectados por M. avium tendem a ser vagas ou ausentes, logo o diagnóstico in vivo torna-se difícil. A suspeita de infecção sistêmica por micobacteriose ocorreu, neste relato, após a identificação de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes na amostra de medula óssea, os quais foram identificados como Mycobacterium avium pelo método molecular de reação em cadeia da polimerase com análise de restrição (PCR-PRA). Este animal apresentava uma aplasia de medula óssea em decorrência de Erhlichia canis, corroborando a maioria dos relatos na literatura em que se associa essa infecção a pacientes imunossuprimidos.
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Brouwers MC, Makarski J, Garcia K, Bouseh S, Hafid T. Improving cancer control in Canada one case at a time: the "Knowledge Translation in Cancer" casebook. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:76-83. [PMID: 21505598 DOI: 10.3747/co.v18i2.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In-the-field projects aiming to improve quality in cancer control provide a valuable complement to health services and knowledge translation (kt) research studies. The present paper describes the methods used to develop the Knowledge Translation for Cancer Control in Canada: A Casebook and its results. METHODS Nominations for in-the-field projects were accepted from individuals and organizations across Canada. The nominations had to demonstrate that a specific cancer control problem was identified; that a deliberate and organized effort was developed and implemented to address the identified problem; and that an evaluation-formal or informal-was used to assess the effort. A selection of nominated cases were chosen for more comprehensive analysis. RESULTS Thirty nominations were received. Most tackled problems related to treatment or diagnosis. Challenges related to breast, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancer were most common among the disease-specific projects, and most projects were regional in scope, with strategies targeting organizational solutions. Of the 30 nominations, 19 were chosen for further analysis. Of those 19, 5 were influenced by a kt model or theory, and 16 reported formal evaluation strategies. Surveys were the most common evaluation method, and process outcomes and clinical surrogate outcomes were the most frequently cited. Financial and administrative challenges were most often cited as key barriers. The key lessons learned concerned the need for a collaborative high-functioning team, project management, and support. CONCLUSIONS The casebook provides tangible examples of in-the-field efforts to improve cancer control and provides practical direction for other individuals and institutions facing similar challenges. We discuss the interface between field projects and research projects in the kt arena and how mutual learning can help to optimize the value of each approach.
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Mège A, De Rauglaudre G, Bodez V, Entat JL, Alric K, Garcia K, Serin D. Radiothérapie innovante du cancer du sein : épargne cardiaque et pulmonaire. Cancer Radiother 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Villarreal A, Stoecker BJ, Garcia C, Garcia K, Rios R, Gonzales C, Mandadi K, Faraji B, Patil BS, Deyhim F. Cranberry juice improved antioxidant status without affecting bone quality in orchidectomized male rats. Phytomedicine 2007; 14:815-20. [PMID: 17481874 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We reported that drinking citrus juice improves bone quality in orchidectomized senescent male rats. Because cranberry juice, like citrus, is rich in nutrients and phenolic compounds, beneficial effects of citrus juice might also be seen with cranberry juice. An experiment evaluated effect of drinking cranberry juice on bone quality in orchidectomized rats. METHODS Thirty-two 1-year-old male rats were randomized to two groups: a sham-control group (n=8) and an orchidectomized group (n=24). The treatments for the 4 months duration of the study were SHAM, orchidectomy (ORX), ORX+drinking either 27% or 45% cranberry juice concentrate added to drinking water. At the termination of the study, the rats were euthanized, blood was collected for plasma antioxidant status and IGF-I. The femur, tibia and the 4th lumbar were evaluated for bone quality. Total calcium and magnesium concentration in the femurs were also evaluated. RESULTS ORX did not affect red blood cell (RBC)-induced hemolysis despite lowering (p<0.05) plasma antioxidant capacity; reduced (p<0.05) plasma IGF-I, femoral density, femoral strength, time-induced femoral fracture, bone mineral content, bone mineral area; numerically (p=0.07) lowered 4th lumbar density; decreased (p<0.05) trabecular connectivity, trabecular number, femoral ash; increased (p<0.05) trabecular separation in comparison to the SHAM group. Drinking cranberry juice increased (p<0.05) plasma antioxidant status, protected RBC against hemolysis, but had no positive effect on bone quality or bone mineral status. CONCLUSIONS Cranberry juice increases plasma antioxidant status without affecting bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Villarreal
- Department of Human Sciences, MSC 168, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
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Labrosse H, Vantard N, Garcia K, Leboucher G, Charpiat B. Consultation de pharmacie et niveau de connaissance des patients hospitalisés traits par des médicaments anti-vitamine K. Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises 2006; 64:344-9. [PMID: 17095954 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4509(06)75327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The report published by the French Agency for the Medical Safety of Health Products in 2001 estimated the number of hospital admissions in France for hemorrhagic accidents caused by oral anticoagulants (OA) to be 17,000. For this reason, we have set up pharmaceutical counselling for hospitalized patients treated with OA. The object of this article is to describe this therapeutic education program and to present the level of knowledge that patients have of their OA treatment. Among 68 patients treated prior to their admission, 87% knew the name of the OA, 86% the role of this treatment, 80% the dosing schedule, 57% what to do if a dose had been forgotten, 34% the signs of overdose, 48% the signs of and risks associated with not following the treatment schedule, 94% the advantage of biological follow-up and 68% the principal combinations of drugs that should be avoided. Among 118 patients whose treatment was begun during hospitalization, the level of knowledge for each item were respectively: 41%, 61%, 38%, 37%, 19%, 23%, 34% and 24% at the time of counselling. Newly treated patients acquired their knowledge from contact with nurses. The least known items were the symptoms and risks associated with overdosing or underdosing. This knowledge is therefore fragmentary and does not guarantee the patients' safety, which justifies the proposition of this type of counselling to such hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Labrosse
- Service Pharmaceutique, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, 103, grande rue de la Croix Rousse, F 69317 Lyon Cedex 04
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Sleeman MW, Wortley KE, Lai KMV, Gowen LC, Kintner J, Kline WO, Garcia K, Stitt TN, Yancopoulos GD, Wiegand SJ, Glass DJ. Erratum: Absence of the lipid phosphatase SHIP2 confers resistance to dietary obesity. Nat Med 2005. [DOI: 10.1038/nm0305-353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sleeman MW, Garcia K, Liu R, Murray JD, Malinova L, Moncrieffe M, Yancopoulos GD, Wiegand SJ. Ciliary neurotrophic factor improves diabetic parameters and hepatic steatosis and increases basal metabolic rate in db/db mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:14297-302. [PMID: 14610276 PMCID: PMC283586 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2335926100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity plays a central role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We therefore examined the effects of a modified form of ciliary neurotrophic factor [Axokine, which is hereafter referred to as ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)Ax15], which uses a leptin-like mechanism to reduce body weight, in the db/db murine model of type 2 diabetes. In previous studies, weight loss produced by CNTF treatment could largely be attributed to its effects on food intake. In contrast, CNTFAx15 treatment of db/db mice caused significantly greater weight loss and marked improvements in diabetic parameters (e.g., levels of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and nonesterified free fatty acids) than could be accounted for by reduced caloric intake alone. These beneficial effects, above and beyond those seen in animals controlled for either food restriction or body weight, correlated with the ability of CNTFAx15 to increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure and reduce hepatic steatosis while enhancing hepatic responsiveness to insulin. The hepatic effects were linked to rapid alterations in hepatic gene expression, most notably reduced expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of complex lipids that is also markedly suppressed by leptin in ob/ob mice. These observations further link the mechanisms of CNTF and leptin action, and they suggest important, beneficial effects for CNTF in diabetes that may be distinct from its ability to decrease food intake; instead, these effects may be more related to its influence on energy expenditure and hepatic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Sleeman
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.
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Felber W, Naumann R, Schuler U, Fülle M, Reuster T, Garcia K, Heilemann H. Are there genetic determinants of olanzapine-induced agranulocytosis? Pharmacopsychiatry 2000; 33:197-9. [PMID: 11071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Tonra JR, Ono M, Liu X, Garcia K, Jackson C, Yancopoulos GD, Wiegand SJ, Wong V. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor improves blood glucose control and alleviates fasting hyperglycemia in C57BLKS-Lepr(db)/lepr(db) mice. Diabetes 1999; 48:588-94. [PMID: 10078561 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.48.3.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) decreases nonfasted blood glucose in obese, non-insulin-dependent diabetic C57BLKS-Lepr(db)/lepr(db) (db/db) mice, with a concomitant decrease in body weight. By measuring percent HbA1c in BDNF-treated and pair-fed animals, we show that the effects of BDNF on nonfasted blood glucose levels are not caused by decreased food intake but reflect a significant improvement in blood glucose control. Furthermore, once established, this effect can persist for weeks after cessation of BDNF treatment. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed to examine the effects of BDNF on blood glucose control in the fasted state and after an oral glucose challenge. BDNF treatment normalized fasting blood glucose from initially hyperglycemic levels and also showed evidence for beneficial, although less marked, effects on the ability to remove exogenous glucose from blood. One means to lower fasting blood glucose is to reduce the glucose output of peripheral tissues that normally play a part in the maintenance of fasting hyperglycemia. Because the liver is the major endogenous source of glucose in blood during fasting, and because hepatic weight and glucose output are increased in type 2 diabetes, we evaluated the effects of BDNF on liver tissue. BDNF reduced the hepatomegaly present in db/db mice, in association with reduced liver glycogen and reduced liver enzyme activity in serum, supporting the possible involvement of liver tissue in the mechanism of action for BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Tonra
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA
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Cliffer KD, Siuciak JA, Carson SR, Radley HE, Park JS, Lewis DR, Zlotchenko E, Nguyen T, Garcia K, Tonra JR, Stambler N, Cedarbaum JM, Bodine SC, Lindsay RM, DiStefano PS. Physiological characterization of Taxol-induced large-fiber sensory neuropathy in the rat. Ann Neurol 1998; 43:46-55. [PMID: 9450768 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410430111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The cancer chemotherapeutic agent Taxol (paclitaxel) causes a dose-related peripheral neuropathy in humans. We produced a dose-dependent large-fiber sensory neuropathy, without detrimental effects on general health, in mature rats by using two intravenous injections 3 days apart. Tests of other dosing schedules demonstrated the dependence of the severity of the neuropathy and of animal health on both the dose and the frequency of dosing. Pathologically, severe axonal degeneration and hypomyelination were observed in sections of dorsal roots, whereas ventral roots remained intact. Electrophysiologically, H-wave amplitudes in the hindlimb and amplitudes of predominantly sensory compound nerve action potentials in the tail were reduced. These effects persisted for at least 4 months after treatment. Motor amplitudes were not affected, but both motor and sensory conduction velocities decreased. The ability of rats to remain balanced on a narrow beam was impaired, indicating proprioceptive deficits. Muscle strength, measured by hindlimb and forelimb grip strength, and heat nociception, measured by tail-flick and hindlimb withdrawal tests, were not affected by Taxol. This model of Taxol-induced neuropathy in mature rats, with minimal effects on general health, parallels closely the clinical syndrome observed after Taxol treatment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Cliffer
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
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Abstract
Recombinant human (rh) factor VIII is a glycoprotein consisting of multiple polypeptides with relative mobilities (M(r)) ranging from 80,000 to 210,000. It is produced in mammalian cells. Single-dose intravenous pharmacokinetic studies were conducted with rh factor VIII (Kogenate rh Antihemophilic Factor, Miles, Inc.) in male mice (21.0-25.8 g) and rats (252.0-254.2 g). Each species received 400 IU/kg, and blood was collected up to 12 hr (mice) or 32.5 hr (rats) post-dose. Immunoreactive factor VIII concentrations in plasma were quantified by a sensitive and specific ELISA. In both species, the disposition profiles were described by the sum of two exponentials. The pharmacokinetics of rh factor VIII in mouse were as follows: clearance, 27.7 ml/hr/kg; initial volume of distribution, 72 ml/kg; steady-state volume of distribution, 148 ml/kg; and terminal half-life, 4.1 hr. In rat, the mean estimates were as follows: clearance, 16.0 ml/hr/kg; initial volume of distribution, 41 ml/kg; steady-state volume of distribution, 125 ml/kg; and terminal half-life, 5.5 hr. These pharmacokinetic parameters for rh factor VIII in animals and human rh factor VIII pharmacokinetic parameters from the literature were evaluated to determine if the parameters can be represented by the allometric relationship, Y = aWb, where Y is the pharmacokinetic parameter, and W is body weight. The following allometric relations were obtained for rh factor VIII: clearance (ml/hr) = 10.4W0.69, half-life (hr) = 7.5 W0.18, initial volume of distribution (ml) = 43.6 W1.04, and steady-state volume of distribution (ml) = 99.1 W0.84. The allometric exponents for each parameter conformed to theory and were within the range of values commonly observed for xenobiotics and therapeutic proteins. These studies suggest that the pharmacokinetics of rh factor VIII in laboratory animals are predictive of the disposition in humans despite the complex nature of its biological interactions and the chemical diversity of the purified material.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mordenti
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
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40
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Abstract
The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of the in utero administration of phenobarbital (Pb) on gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) in rats. Female Wistar rats were bred to healthy adult males. On day 1 of gestation (evidenced by spermatozoa from vaginal smear) the pregnant rats were given 100 mg/kg phenobarbital (as the sodium salt) daily via the BioServ Liquid diet throughout gestation. Pair-fed controls were given the same volume of food as consumed by the experimental group. The offspring were sacrificed at birth and body, brain and liver weights determined. The pups born to the Pb treated mothers weighed significantly less than those born to the control mothers (4.77 and 6.60 g respectively). The brains and livers were homogenized in Tris buffered saline and assayed for gamma-GTP activity. Brain gamma-GTP activity was found to be 0.00807 u in the Pb group and 0.00670 u in the control group. We also examined the effects of chronic administration of Pb in adult rats and found no apparent effect on liver or brain gamma-GTP activity.
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