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Coley AA, Landry A, van den Hoogen RJ, McNutt DD. Generalized teleparallel de Sitter geometries. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2023; 83:977. [PMID: 37915991 PMCID: PMC10615945 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Theories of gravity based on teleparallel geometries are characterized by the torsion, which is a function of the coframe, derivatives of the coframe, and a zero curvature and metric compatible spin-connection. The appropriate notion of a symmetry in a teleparallel geometry is that of an affine symmetry. Due to the importance of the de Sitter geometry and Einstein spaces within General Relativity, we shall describe teleparallel de Sitter geometries and discuss their possible generalizations. In particular, we shall analyse a class of Einstein teleparallel geometries which have a 4-dimensional Lie algebra of affine symmetries, and display two one-parameter families of explicit exact solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Coley
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5 Canada
| | - A. Landry
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5 Canada
| | - R. J. van den Hoogen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5 Canada
| | - D. D. McNutt
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, UiT: The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway
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Landry A, Setser J, Montgomery A, Albritton L. An Evaluation of the Suitability of Food Provided through the Arkansas Foodbank Backpack Program. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Landry A, Donoway H, Rofkahr R, Valev V, Albritton L. An Evaluation of the Arkansas Foodbank Backpack Program: A Mixed Methods Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arulanandam R, Taha Z, Garcia V, Selman M, Chen A, Varette O, Jirovec A, Sutherland K, Macdonald E, Tzelepis F, Birdi H, Alluqmani N, Landry A, Bergeron A, Vanderhyden B, Diallo JS. The strategic combination of trastuzumab emtansine with oncolytic rhabdoviruses leads to therapeutic synergy. Commun Biol 2020; 3:254. [PMID: 32444806 PMCID: PMC7244474 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0972-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated that microtubule destabilizing agents (MDAs) can sensitize tumors to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVΔ51) in various preclinical models of cancer. The clinically approved T-DM1 (Kadcyla®) is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of HER2-targeting trastuzumab linked to the potent MDA and maytansine derivative DM1. We reveal that combining T-DM1 with VSVΔ51 leads to increased viral spread and tumor killing in trastuzumab-binding, VSVΔ51-resistant cancer cells. In vivo, co-treatment of VSVΔ51 and T-DM1 increased overall survival in HER2-overexpressing, but trastuzumab-refractory, JIMT1 human breast cancer xenografts compared to monotherapies. Furthermore, viral spread in cultured HER2+ human ovarian cancer patient-derived ascites samples was enhanced by the combination of VSVΔ51 and T-DM1. Our data using the clinically approved Kadcyla® in combination with VSVΔ51 demonstrates proof of concept that targeted delivery of a viral-sensitizing molecule using an antibody-drug conjugate can enhance oncolytic virus activity and provides rationale for translation of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozanne Arulanandam
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Zaid Taha
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Vanessa Garcia
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mohammed Selman
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Andrew Chen
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Oliver Varette
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anna Jirovec
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Keara Sutherland
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Macdonald
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Fanny Tzelepis
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Harsimrat Birdi
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nouf Alluqmani
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Anne Landry
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Anabel Bergeron
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Barbara Vanderhyden
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Nwanaji-Enwerem JC, Landry A. Bedside Point-of-Care Ultrasound of an Adult with Diffuse Intermittent Abdominal Pain. Acute Med 2020; 19:49-51. [PMID: 32226958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A 29-year-old woman with a history of obesity status post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass greater than five years prior presented to the emergency department with four hours of sudden-onset stabbing left-sided abdominal pain associated with nausea and non-bloody emesis. She denied melaena and hematochezia, but did report two weeks of diarrhoea that was unchanged with this new onset abdominal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Landry
- MD, MEd Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Roofe N, Munroe D, Landry A. Validation of a Survey Assessing Diversity in Didactic Programs in Dietetics and Dietetic Internship Programs. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Carroll K, Landry A. Frequency of Requests for Dietary Modifications in the School Breakfast Program and National School Lunch Program. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Holstein H, Landry A, Mayo J. Effects of Tart Cherry Supplementation on Mid-Distance Runners. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lemacks J, Landry A, Wenzler P. Formative research to identify community partnerships and foster relationships for health promotion research in South Mississippi. Public Health 2018; 159:58-62. [PMID: 29609837 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this short communication is to describe the trust building and collaboration, fostering phases of a community-academic partnership between churches and academic researchers using a community-based participatory research approach. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An academic-community partnership with church leaders was initiated using survey administration and was further developed using focus groups. A coalition was developed, and it guided a subsequent focus group with church members. RESULTS Most churches surveyed did not have a health ministry in place but were agreeable that a variety of health topics were appropriate for the church setting. Church leaders felt that church members were key to engage in health programs in the church, whereas church members viewed pastoral support as important. Church leaders felt that working with a university brings credibility to their own health programs. CONCLUSION This early work provides a valuable example of how community collaborations may be initiated and developed using formative research methods, serving both community and research agendas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lemacks
- The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0001, USA.
| | - A Landry
- The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0001, USA.
| | - P Wenzler
- The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0001, USA.
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Ma L, Gagnon A, Landry A, Le T, Xiao F, Sun C, Lochnan HA, Burger D, Sorisky A. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone-Stimulated Human Adipocytes Express Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin. Horm Metab Res 2018; 50:325-330. [PMID: 29458221 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
When recombinant human (rh) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is administered to thyroid cancer survivors, an acute extra-thyroidal effect raises pro-inflammatory cytokines and activates platelets. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine recently implicated in platelet activation. Our aim was to measure platelet microparticle levels after rhTSH stimulation in vivo, and to investigate TSLP expression in TSH-stimulated human adipocytes in culture. Blood samples for total and platelet microparticle analysis were obtained from thyroid cancer survivors before (day 1) and after rhTSH administration (day 5). Adipocytes, differentiated from stromal preadipocytes isolated from adipose tissue from surgical patients, were stimulated with TSH. TSLP mRNA expression, protein expression, and protein release into the adipocyte medium were measured. The level of platelet microparticles in thyroid cancer patients rose 5-fold after rhTSH stimulation. TSH upregulated TSLP mRNA expression in adipocytes in culture through a pathway that was inhibited by 66% by H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor. TSLP protein expression rose in response to TSH, and TSH-stimulated TSLP release into the medium was completely blocked by dexamethasone. In conclusion, TSLP is a novel TSH-responsive adipokine. Future studies will be needed to address the potential role of adipocyte-derived TSLP and whether it is linked to TSH-dependent platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Ma
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - AnneMarie Gagnon
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Landry
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Timothea Le
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fengxia Xiao
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cathy Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Heather A Lochnan
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Burger
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander Sorisky
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Van H, Landry A. Building Teaching Kitchens Inside Health and Fitness Centers. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gagnon A, Ooi TC, Cousins M, Favreau C, Henry K, Landry A, Sorisky A. The anti-adipogenic effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is absent with PCSK9 loss-of-function variants. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2384-2391. [PMID: 27662822 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of (1) an oral fat load and (2) pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type (PCSK) 9 loss-of-function (LOF) variant status on the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to inhibit human adipogenesis. METHODS PBMC from subjects with one or more PCSK9 LOF variants versus non-variant controls were compared in the fasting state and after an oral fat load. RESULTS Fasting triglyceride (TG) levels were lower in the LOF variant versus non-variant group but rose to the same level after the oral fat load. Conditioned medium from PBMC was obtained in fasting (PBMC-CM-F) and 4-h postprandial (PBMC-CM-PP) states. PBMC-CM-PP from non-variant controls inhibited adipogenesis of human preadipocytes more than did PBMC-CM-F. In contrast, PBMC-CM-F or -PP from PCSK9 LOF variant subjects had no effect on adipogenesis. After the oral fat load, PBMC from PCSK9 LOF variant subjects showed significant increases in mRNA levels of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, CD36, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), only MCP-1 mRNA levels increased in PBMC from non-variant controls. CONCLUSIONS The absence of anti-adipogenic action of PBMC from PCSK9 LOF variant subjects points to a novel role for PCSK9 in PBMC-adipose cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnneMarie Gagnon
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teik C Ooi
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marion Cousins
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colette Favreau
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy Henry
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Landry
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Sorisky
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Swift J, Landry A, Li S. A-66Gender Differences in Problem-Solving for Youth Diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Swift J, Landry A, Li S. A-67The Role of Visuospatial Functioning in Assessment of Planning Using the Tower of London in Pediatric ALL. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Li S, Skillicorn K, Alvarez G, Landry A. B-54Feasibility of Implementing Cogmed Within a University-Based Outpatient Training Clinic. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Suha V, Landry A. Perceptions of Binge Eating Disorder: Differences between the Genders. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Muirhead V, Levine A, Nicolau B, Landry A, Bedos C. Life course experiences and lay diagnosis explain low-income parents' child dental decisions: a qualitative study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 41:13-21. [PMID: 22934653 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to better understand low-income parents' child dental care decisions through a life course approach that captured parents' experiences within the social context of poverty. METHODS We conducted 43 qualitative life history interviews with 10 parents, who were long-term social assistance recipients living in Montreal, Canada. Thematic analysis involved interview debriefing, transcript coding, theme identification and data interpretation. RESULTS Our interviews identified two emergent themes: lay diagnosis and parental oral health management. Parents described a process of 'lay diagnosis' that consisted of examining their children's teeth and interpreting their children's oral signs and symptoms based on their observations. These lay diagnoses were also shaped by their own dental crises, care experiences and oral health knowledge gained across a life course of poverty and dental disadvantage. Parents' management strategies included monitoring and managing their children's oral health themselves or by seeking professional recourse. Parents' management strategies were influenced both by their lay diagnoses and their perceived ability to manage their children's oral health. Parents felt responsible for their children's dental care, empowered to manage their oral health and sometimes forgo dental visits for their children because of their own self-management life history. CONCLUSION This original approach revealed insights that help to understand why low-income parents may underutilize free dental services. Further research should consider how dental programs can nurture parental empowerment and capitalize on parents' perceived ability to diagnose and manage their children's oral health.
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Bedos C, Loignon C, Landry A, Richard L, Allison PJ. Providing care to people on social assistance: how dentists in Montreal, Canada, respond to organisational, biomedical, and financial challenges. BMC Health Serv Res 2014; 14:472. [PMID: 25301021 PMCID: PMC4283076 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dentists report facing difficulties and experiencing frustrations with people on social assistance, one of the social groups with the most dental needs. Scientists ignore how they deal with these difficulties and whether they are able to overcome them. Our objective was to understand how dentists deal with critical issues encountered with people on social assistance. Methods We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 33 dentists practicing in Montreal, Canada. The interview guides included questions on dentists’ experiences with people on social assistance and potential strategies developed for this group of people. Analyses consisted of interview debriefing, transcript coding, and data interpretation. Results Dentists described strategies to resolve three critical issues: missed appointments (organisational issue); difficulty in performing non-covered treatments (biomedical issue); and low government fees (financial issue). With respect to missed appointments, dentists developed strategies to maximise attendance, such as motivating their patients, and to minimise the impact of non-attendance, like booking two people at the same time. With respect to biomedical and financial issues, dentists did not find any satisfactory solutions and considered that it was the government’s duty to resolve them. Overall, dentists seem reluctant to exclude people on social assistance but develop solutions that may discriminate against them. Conclusions The efforts and failures experienced by dentists with people on social assistance should encourage us to rethink how dental services are provided and financed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Bedos
- Division of Oral Health and Society, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill college avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A1G1, Canada.
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Bedos C, Loignon C, Landry A, Allison PJ, Richard L. How health professionals perceive and experience treating people on social assistance: a qualitative study among dentists in Montreal, Canada. BMC Health Serv Res 2013; 13:464. [PMID: 24192504 PMCID: PMC4228236 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, the prevalence of oral diseases is very high among people on social assistance. Despite great need for dental treatment, many are reluctant to consult dental professionals, arguing that dentists do not welcome or value poor patients. The objective of this research was thus to better understand how dentists perceived and experienced treating people on social assistance. METHODS This descriptive qualitative research was based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 33 dentists practicing in Montreal, Canada. Generally organized in dentists' offices, the interviews lasted 60 to 120 minutes; they were digitally recorded and later transcribed verbatim. The interview transcripts were coded with NVivo software, and data was displayed in analytic matrices. Three members of the research team interpreted the data displayed and wrote the results of this study. RESULTS Dentists express high levels of frustration with people on social assistance as a consequence of negative experiences that fall into 3 categories: 1) Organizational issues (people on social assistance ostensibly make the organization of appointments and scheduling difficult); 2) Biomedical issues (dentists feel unable to provide them with adequate treatment and fail to improve their oral health); 3) Financial issues (they are not lucrative patients). To explain their stance, dentists blame people on social assistance for neglecting themselves, and the health care system for not providing adequate coverage and fees. Despite dentists' willingness to treat all members of society, an accumulation of frustration leads to feelings of powerlessness and discouragement. CONCLUSIONS The current situation is unacceptable; we urge public health planners and governmental health agencies to ally themselves with the dental profession in order to implement concrete solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Bedos
- Division of Oral Health and society, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3550, rue University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l’Université de Montréal (IRSPUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Loignon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, 150 Place Charles Lemoyne Bureau 200, Longueuil, Québec J4K 0A8, Canada
| | - Anne Landry
- Agence de la Santé et des Services Sociaux de Montréal, 1301, rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec H2L 1M3, Canada
| | - Paul J Allison
- Division of Oral Health and society, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3550, rue University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Lucie Richard
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l’Université de Montréal (IRSPUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculté des Sciences Infirmières, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Danzy J, Landry A. Hub City Steps: Correlations between Dietary Fiber, Total Cholesterol and Body Weight. J Acad Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
When adipose tissue accumulates in obesity, the ability of preadipocytes to differentiate permits a hyperplastic expansion of functional adipocytes that preserves insulin sensitivity. Adipose infiltration by macrophages is associated with an adipogenic deficit and the appearance of inflamed, insulin-resistant hypertrophied adipocytes. Interleukin 1β (IL1β) has been reported to account for the anti-adipogenic action of macrophages in a mouse model. Using the THP-1 human macrophage cell line and human primary preadipocytes, our objective was to determine whether IL1β was necessary for the ability of conditioned medium from THP-1 macrophages (THP-1-MacCM) to: i) stimulate human preadipocyte inhibitor of κB kinase β (IKKβ) and ii) inhibit human adipocyte differentiation. IL1β is present in THP-1-MacCM, and THP-1-MacCM or IL1β (500 pg/ml; its concentration in THP-1-MacCM) acutely stimulated IKKβ phosphorylation and inhibitor of κB (IκB) degradation in preadipocytes. IL1β was sufficient to inhibit adipogenesis on its own, and this was blocked by SC-514, an IKKβ inhibitor, as has been reported for THP-1-MacCM. IκB degradation by IL1β-immunodepleted THP-1-MacCM was attenuated, whereas IKKβ phosphorylation and the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation were unchanged. Therefore, in contrast to what has been suggested for mouse cell models, IL1β is not required for the ability of MacCM to inhibit adipogenesis in human cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Gagnon
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Caroly S, Poussin N, Landry A. La passation de l’enquête Sumer par les médecins du travail : une question de posture professionnelle ? ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2012.03.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Caroly S, Coutarel F, Poussin N, Landry A, Davezies P, Bellemare M, Cholez C, Garrigou A, Chassaing K, Petit J, Baril-Gingras G, Prudhomme D. La prise en compte des liens santé-travail par les médecins du travail dans la consultation et les actions collectives. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2012.03.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Loignon C, Landry A, Allison P, Richard L, Bedos C. How do dentists perceive poverty and people on social assistance? A qualitative study conducted in Montreal, Canada. J Dent Educ 2012; 76:545-552. [PMID: 22550100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant needs, people on social assistance are sometimes reluctant to consult dentists because of previous negative experience and communication barriers. They feel poorly understood by oral health professionals and sometimes complain of being stigmatized. It is thus important to know how dentists perceive poverty and this group of patients. The aim of this study was to understand how dentists perceive poverty and people on social assistance. To investigate this largely unexplored question, a qualitative study was conducted based on in-depth interviews with thirty-three dentists practicing in Montreal, Canada. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed for qualitative analysis. The study revealed two perspectives on poverty: 1) the individualistic-deficit perspective and 2) the socio-lifecourse perspective. In the individualistic-deficit perspective, which predominated among these participants, dentists explained poverty by individual factors and emphasized individuals' negative attitudes toward work and lack of capabilities. Conversely, dentists with a socio-lifecourse perspective described poverty as a structural rather than an individual process. Acknowledging individuals' distress and powerlessness, these dentists expressed more empathy toward people on social assistance. The results suggest the individualistic-deficit perspective impedes the care relationship between dentists and poor patients as well as highlighting the need to better prepare dentists for addressing issues of poverty and social inequities in clinical practice.
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Loignon C, Landry A, Allison P, Richard L, Bedos C. How Do Dentists Perceive Poverty and People on Social Assistance? A Qualitative Study Conducted in Montreal, Canada. J Dent Educ 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2012.76.5.tb05288.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Landry
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Canada
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Caroly S, Landry A, Cholez C, Davezies P, Bellemare M, Poussin N. Innovation in the occupational health physician profession requires the development of a work collective to improve the efficiency of MSD prevention. Work 2012; 41 Suppl 1:5-13. [PMID: 22316692 DOI: 10.3233/wor-2012-0128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the ageing population of occupational health physicians and the deteriorating situation of employee health, reforms targeting the multi-disciplinary nature of occupational health are currently being drawn up. These are of great concern to doctors in terms of the future of occupational health, notably with regard to changing medical practices. The objective of this study is to explore the actual practices of occupational health physicians within the framework of MSD prevention in France. By analysing the activity of occupational health physicians, we could gain a better understanding of the coordination between those involved in OHS with the ultimate goal being to improve prevention. Based on an analysis of peer activity, this method made it possible to push beyond pre-constructed discourse. According to activity theories, it is through others that the history and controversies of a profession can be grasped and skills developed. The results produced by these collective discussions on activity analysis contributed to establish a collective point of view about the important aspects of their profession that need defending and the variations in professional genre in relation to the current reforms, notably.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Caroly
- Laboratory PACTE, University of Grenoble, Le Patio, Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
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Ide J, Gagnon A, Molgat AS, Landry A, Foster C, Sorisky A. Macrophage-conditioned medium inhibits the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by adipogenic inducers in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2297-306. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Caroly S, Coutarel F, Landry A, Mary-Cheray I. Sustainable MSD prevention: management for continuous improvement between prevention and production. Ergonomic intervention in two assembly line companies. Appl Ergon 2010; 41:591-599. [PMID: 20097327 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To increase output and meet customers' needs, companies have turned to the development of production management systems: Kaizen, one piece flow, Kanban, etc. The aim of such systems is to accelerate decisions, react to environmental issues and manage various productions. In the main, this type of management system has led to the continuous improvement of production performance. Consequently, such production management systems can have unexpected negative effects on operators' health and safety. Conversely, regulation and control systems focusing on work-related risks have obliged firms to implement health and safety management systems such as OHSAS 18001. The purpose of this type of system, also based on continuous improvement, is to reduce risks, facilitate work-related activities and identify solutions in terms of equipment and tools. However, the prevention actions introduced through health and safety systems often result in other unexpected and unwanted effects on production. This paper shows how companies can improve the way they are run by taking into account both types of management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Caroly
- Centre de Recherches en Innovations SocioTechniques et Organisations Industrielles, PACTE- Université Grenoble 2, UPMF, BP 47, 39 040 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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Loignon C, Allison P, Landry A, Richard L, Brodeur JM, Bedos C. Providing humanistic care: dentists' experiences in deprived areas. J Dent Res 2010; 89:991-5. [PMID: 20525962 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510370822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication barriers severely reduce the effectiveness of oral health care provision to people living in poverty. Our objective was to identify specific approaches and skills developed by dentists for more effective treatment of people living in poverty and addressing their needs. We conducted qualitative research based on in-depth interviews with eight dentists practicing in disadvantaged communities of Montreal, Canada. Analyses consisted of interview debriefing, transcript coding, and data interpretation. Results revealed that, over years of practice, these dentists had developed a five-faceted socio-humanistic approach that involved: (1) understanding patients' social context; (2) taking time and showing empathy; (3) avoiding moralistic attitudes; (4) overcoming social distances; and (5) favoring direct contact with patients. This approach is original, and, even though participants found it successful, it should be evaluated in terms of its impact for access to services and patients' experience of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loignon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Complexe St-Charles, 1111, rue St-Charles Ouest, Tour Est, Suite 354, Longueuil, Québec, Canada, J4K 5G4.
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Cholez C, Caroly S, Landry A. La pluridisciplinarité dans la santé au travail : comment construire la coopération ? ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pegon-Machat E, Tubert-Jeannin S, Loignon C, Landry A, Bedos C. Dentists’ experience with low-income patients benefiting from a public insurance program. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 117:398-406. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
To clarify how anti-adipogenic factors act on preadipocytes to inhibit their differentiation, we compared preadipocyte signaling responses generated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF; anti-adipogenic) versus insulin (pro-adipogenic). PDGF, but not insulin, stimulated the phosphorylation of inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) in a time-dependent manner. This PDGF-dependent phosphorylation event was inhibited by 60% (P<0.05) when the cells were pretreated with wortmannin, indicating a requirement for the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase/AKT pathway. IKKbeta phosphorylation by PDGF was neither accompanied by IkappaBalpha degradation nor NF-kappaB activation. PDGF inhibited human adipocyte differentiation, assessed by triacylglycerol accumulation (75% reduction; P<0.01) and by fatty acid synthase protein expression (60% reduction; P<0.05); these responses were no longer apparent in the presence of sc-514, a selective inhibitor of IKKbeta. Our data describe a novel PDGF response in human preadipocytes that involves the pro-inflammatory kinase IKKbeta and demonstrate that it is required for the inhibition of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnneMarie Gagnon
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Landry A. Understanding and managing nausea and vomiting. Oncology (Williston Park) 2009; 23:48a-48b. [PMID: 19856599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Adams JC, Seed B, Lu N, Landry A, Xavier RJ. Selective activation of nuclear factor kappa B in the cochlea by sensory and inflammatory stress. Neuroscience 2009; 160:530-9. [PMID: 19285117 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Damage response pathways triggered by mechanical stress might reasonably be expected to be conserved throughout evolution. However, using a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) reporter mouse we show here that this phylogenetically recent transcription factor plays a major role in the response to mechanosensory stress in the mammalian inner ear. The protective action of NF-kappaB is exerted in neither sensory nor non-sensory epithelial cells, but rather in connective tissue cells within the spiral ligament and spiral limbus. In the spiral ligament, predominantly type I fibrocytes are activated following noise exposure, whereas type II fibrocytes are activated following systemic inflammatory stress. Immune-mediated and acoustic trauma-mediated hearing loss syndromes in humans may in part result from the vulnerability of type II and type I fibrocytes to systemic inflammatory stress and acoustic trauma, respectively. Unexpected cell-specific and stress-specific NF-kappaB activation found in the inner ear in this in vivo study suggest that this approach may have wide applications in demonstrating similar specializations of stress responses in other tissues, including the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Adams
- Department of Otology and Laryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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36
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Marsault E, Hoveyda HR, Peterson ML, Gagnon R, Vézina M, Pinault J, Landry A, Saint-Louis C, Ouellet LG, Beauchemin S, Benakli K, Beaubien S, Brassard M, Wang Z, Champagne M, Galaud F, Fortin N, Fortin D, Plourde V, Ramaseshan M, Bhat S, Bilodeau F, Lonergan D, Lan R, Li S, Berthiaume G, Foucher L, Peng X, Dory Y, Deslongchamps P. High Throughput Solid Phase Parallel Synthesis of Macrocyclic Peptidomimetics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2009; 611:15-6. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73657-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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37
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Zurakowski H, Gagnon A, Landry A, Layne MD, Sorisky A. Discoidin domain receptor 2 impairs insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Horm Metab Res 2007; 39:575-81. [PMID: 17712722 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-985132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of preadipocytes into functional adipocytes depends on early proliferative events (mitotic clonal expansion) and extracellular matrix interactions. We report that discoidin domain receptor (DDR) 2, a novel adhesion receptor, is expressed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and is downregulated during the early phase of adipogenesis. DDR2 overexpression (DDR2-L1 preadipocytes) reduced subconfluent proliferation by 56% (p<0.001) and insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 by 34% (p<0.05). The mitotic clonal expansion phase of differentiating confluent DDR2-L1 preadipocytes was impaired by approximately 25% (p<0.05). Although induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, fatty acid synthase, and adiponectin was not altered, the resulting adipocytes were 55% larger (p<0.05), and contained 66% more triacylglycerol (p<0.01). The induction of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha was reduced by 37% (p<0.05), correlating with a similar reduction in insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and glucose transport in DDR2-L1 adipocytes (decreases of 22% and 27%, respectively; p<0.05 for both). Our data show that DDR2 is expressed in adipose cells and that its overexpression leads to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zurakowski
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9 Canada, and Pulmonary Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Constant VA, Gagnon A, Landry A, Sorisky A. Macrophage-conditioned medium inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 and human abdominal preadipocytes. Diabetologia 2006; 49:1402-11. [PMID: 16609875 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In obesity, a limited adipogenic capacity may promote adipocyte hypertrophy and increase the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recent data indicate that macrophages reside within adipose tissue in obese rodents and humans. We hypothesised that secreted macrophage factors may inhibit adipogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Conditioned media from cultured murine J774 or human THP-1 macrophages were collected, and added to either murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or human abdominal stromal preadipocytes from subcutaneous or omental fat depots. RESULTS Macrophage-conditioned medium (MacCM) strongly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Dose-response studies with J774-MacCM revealed that 80 and 100% of J774-MacCM completely suppressed triacylglycerol accumulation as well as the induction of fatty acid synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, and adiponectin. Similar inhibitory effects on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were observed with THP-1-MacCM. Differentiation of human abdominal subcutaneous stromal preadipocytes was moderately reduced (subcutaneous>omental) by J744-MacCM. In contrast, the differentiation of both subcutaneous and omental stromal preadipocytes was completely inhibited by THP-1-MacCM, as determined on the basis of morphology and triacylglycerol accumulation, as well as fatty acid synthase and adiponectin protein expression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Secreted macrophage products inhibit the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as well as human abdominal stromal preadipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Constant
- Department of Medicine and of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Coutarel F, Daniellou F, Dugue B, Landry A, Caroly S, Roquelaure Y, Douillet P. Prévention durable des TMS : des enjeux pour la médecine du travail ? Premiers resultants d’une recherche nationale pluridisciplinaire. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(06)78275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dumont A, Gaye A, de Bernis L, Chaillet N, Landry A, Delage J, Bouvier-Colle MH. Facility-based maternal death reviews: effects on maternal mortality in a district hospital in Senegal. Bull World Health Organ 2006; 84:218-24. [PMID: 16583081 PMCID: PMC2627298 DOI: 10.2471/blt.05.023903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The improvement of obstetric services is one of the key components of the Safe Motherhood Programme. Reviewing maternal deaths and complications is one method that may make pregnancy safer, but there is no evidence about the effectiveness of this strategy. The objective of our before and after study is to assess the effect of facility-based maternal deaths reviews (MDR) on maternal mortality rates in a district hospital in Senegal that provides primary and referral maternity services. METHODS We included all women who were admitted to the maternity unit for childbirth, or within 24 hours of delivery. We recorded maternal mortality during a 1-year baseline period from January to December 1997, and during a 3-year period from January 1998 to December 2000 after MDR had been implemented. Effects of MDR on organization of care were qualitatively evaluated. FINDINGS The MDR strategy led to changes in organizational structure that improved life-saving interventions with a relatively large financial contribution from the community. Overall mortality significantly decreased from 0.83 (95% CI (confidence interval) = 0.60 -1.06) in baseline period to 0.41 (95% CI = 0.25 -0.56) per 100 women 3 years later. CONCLUSION MDR had a marked effect on resources, management and maternal outcomes in this facility. However, given the design of our study and the local specific context, further research is needed to confirm the feasibility of MDR in other settings and to confirm the benefits of this approach for maternal health in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Dumont
- Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Département Obstétrique et Gynécologie, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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Gagnon A, Landry A, Proulx J, Layne MD, Sorisky A. Aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein is regulated by transforming growth factor β in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Exp Cell Res 2005; 308:265-72. [PMID: 15927179 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2004] [Revised: 03/29/2005] [Accepted: 04/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adipogenesis is characterized by early remodeling of the extracellular matrix, allowing preadipocytes to adopt a more spherical shape and optimize lipid accumulation as they mature. Aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein (ACLP), found in collagen-rich tissues including adipose tissue, is expressed in 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A preadipocytes, and is downregulated during adipogenesis. We now report that ACLP is found in medium conditioned by 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta, a known modulator of fibrillar matrix protein production, increased ACLP expression by 2.4+/-0.4-fold (mean+/-SE; n=3) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, through a mechanism that requires p42/44 MAPK activity. Addition of TGFbeta to differentiation medium, which inhibits adipogenesis, raised ACLP levels in 3T3-L1 cells. However, sustained expression of ACLP in stable clones of 3T3-L1 or 3T3-F442A preadipocytes did not interfere with adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnneMarie Gagnon
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry, Ottawa Health Research Institute, 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9
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Nasrallah R, Landry A, Scholey JW, Hébert RL. Characterization of the PGI2/IP system in cultured rat mesangial cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2004; 70:455-64. [PMID: 15062848 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2003.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial cells play an important role in glomerular function. They are an important source of cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived arachidonic acid metabolites, including prostaglandin E(2) and prostacyclin. Prostacyclin receptor (IP) mRNA was amplified from cultured mesangial cell total RNA by RT-PCR. While the prostaglandin E(2) receptor subtype EP(2) was not detected, EP(1,3,4) mRNA was amplified. Also, IP protein was noted in mesangial cells, proximal tubules, inner medullary collecting ducts, and the inner and outer medulla. But no protein was detected in whole cortex preparations. Prostacyclin analogues: cicaprost and iloprost, increased cAMP levels in mesangial cells. On the other hand, arginine-vasopressin and angiotensin II increased intracellular calcium in mesangial cells, but cicaprost, iloprost and prostaglandin E(2) had no effect. Moreover, a 50% inhibition of cicaprost- and iloprost-cAMP stimulation was observed upon mesangial cell exposure to 25 and 35 mM glucose for 5 days. But no change in IP mRNA was observed at any glucose concentration or time exposure. Although 25 mM glucose had no effect on COX-1 protein levels, COX-2 was increased up to 50%. In contrast, PGIS levels were reduced by 50%. Thus, we conclude that the prostacyclin/IP system is present in cultured rat mesangial cells, coupling to a cAMP stimulatory pathway. High glucose altered both enzymes in the PGI(2) synthesis pathway, increasing COX-2 but reducing PGIS. In addition, glucose diminished the cAMP response to prostacyclin analogues. Therefore, glucose attenuates the PGI(2)/IP system in cultured rat mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Nasrallah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Room 1337, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
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Nasrallah R, Landry A, Singh S, Sklepowicz M, Hébert RL. Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in the diabetic rat renal medulla. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003; 285:F1068-77. [PMID: 12888618 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00434.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in renal prostaglandins (PGs) may contribute to some of the renal manifestations in diabetes leading to nephropathy. PG production is dependent on the activity of cyclooxygenases (COX-1 AND -2) and PG synthases. Our present study investigated levels of these enzymes in streptozotocin-diabetic rats at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk of diabetes. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in COX signal in the inner and outer medulla of diabetic rats. This was confirmed by Western blotting, showing up to a fourfold increase in both COX isoforms at 4-6 wk of diabetes. Also, Western blot analysis revealed a sixfold increase in PGE2 synthase expression in the outer medullary region of 6-wk diabetic rats but no difference in the inner medulla. In cultured rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD), levels of COX were increased two- to threefold in cells exposed for 4 days to 37.5 mM glucose compared with control of 17.5 mM. While no change in PGE2 synthase levels was noted, PGE2 synthesis was increased. Furthermore, levels of EP1 and EP4 mRNA were increased, as well as a twofold increase in EP4 protein levels. Future studies will determine which COX isoform is contributing to the majority of PGE2 produced in the diabetic IMCD and the significance of these findings to disturbances in IMCD function and to the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Cyclooxygenase 1
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Kidney Medulla/enzymology
- Male
- Membrane Proteins
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/genetics
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Nasrallah
- Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Rm. 1337, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
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44
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Hébert M, Thibeault R, Landry A, Boisvenu M, Laporte D. Introducing an evaluation of community based occupational therapy services: a client-centred practice. Can J Occup Ther 2000; 67:146-54. [PMID: 10914477 DOI: 10.1177/000841740006700309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The results of a study conducted in 1996 by the "Groupe de recherche en ergothérapie communautaire" (GREC), indicate that the quality of occupational therapy services in community settings is infrequently evaluated. A conceptual framework supporting such a process is presented in the context of client-centered services with a focus on continuous health care improvement. Both the research process leading to the design of an assessment tool, and its congruence with the beliefs and values of the profession, are explored. Finally, some issues relating to the implementation of a formal evaluation process are discussed.
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45
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Phillips WT, Andrews T, Liu HL, Klipper R, Landry A, Blumhardt R, Goins B. EVALUATION OF TECHNETIUM-99m-(Tc-99m)-LABELED LIPOSOMES VERSUS Tc-99m-SULFUR COLLOID (SC) AND Tc-99m-HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN (HSA) FOR LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY IN A RABBIT MODEL. Clin Nucl Med 1999. [DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199903000-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Landry A. Caught up in uroweb. Rev Urol 1999; 1:92-6. [PMID: 16985778 PMCID: PMC1476136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Emphasizing "interactive exchange and discussion" among urologists worlwide, the mission of Uroweb (www.uroweb.org) is to be a global resource for urologic specialists and investigators, although the content is mostly from urologists in Europe and the United States. The European Association of Urology, which developed this World Wide Web site, notes it was born out of the desire to link educational and practical treatment information from a wide variety of sources.
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Pridjian AK, Gilliland YE, Magiros E, Collins TJ, Vanmeter CH, Landry A, Moore CB. Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery. J La State Med Soc 1997; 149:72-4. [PMID: 9055530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Three patients with isolated disease of the left anterior descending coronary received a minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass operation. All were discharged from the hospital in 2 days and are doing well. This is an exciting new procedure which combines the long-term benefits of bypass using the mammary artery with a shortened hospital stay and a rapid postoperative recovery.
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48
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Abstract
Residual memory deficits may represent a problem to the everyday functioning of a large number of people, including those who have sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present exploratory study sought to investigate the interrelationships between subjective memory reports, performance on traditional memory tests, and performance on tests of prospective memory. These interrelationships were contrasted between a group of 24 adults who had sustained TBI and a group of 24 matched control subjects. Prospective memory was hypothesized to be indicative of everyday memory functioning. The results provided preliminary evidence that prospective memory tests are sensitive to TBI-related neurological impairment and, in comparison to traditional tests, may be better indicators of functional memory capacity. This pattern was particularly true for control subjects, possibly because TBI subjects had difficulties in evaluating their memory functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kinsella
- School of Psychology, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
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49
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Landry A, Tremblay S. [Sexuality of stoma patients--a taboo for whom?]. Nurs Que 1988; 8:29-37. [PMID: 3205469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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50
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Landry A, Tremblay S. [The patient with a stoma facing his new body image]. Nurs Que 1986; 6:10-6. [PMID: 3635795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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