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Knowles G, Warmington E, Shepherd LM, Hazlehurst JM, de Bray A, Gleeson H, Arlt W, Prete A. Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on patients with primary adrenal insufficiency: a cross-sectional study. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230122. [PMID: 37253239 PMCID: PMC10388655 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are thought to be particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, little is known about its true impact on this group. We assessed morbidity and health promotion attitudes during the pandemic amongst a large cohort of patients with PAI. Design Cross-sectional, single-centre study. Methods In May 2020, COVID-19 advice on social distancing and sick-day rules was distributed to all patients with PAI registered with a large secondary/tertiary care centre. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to survey patients in early 2021. Results Of 207 contacted patients, 162 responded (82/111 with Addison's disease, AD; 80/96 with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, CAH). Patients with AD were older than those with CAH (median age 51 vs 39 years; P < 0.001) and had more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 47.6% vs 10.0%; P< 0.001). By the time of the survey, 47 patients (29.0%) had been diagnosed with COVID-19, the second commonest cause of sick-day dosing during the study and the leading trigger of adrenal crises (4/18 cases). Patients with CAH had a higher risk of COVID-19 compared to AD (adjusted odds ratio 2.53 (95% CI 1.07-6.16), P= 0.036), were less inclined to have the COVID-19 vaccine (80.0% vs 96.3%; P = 0.001), and were less likely to have undergone hydrocortisone self-injection training (80.0% vs 91.5%; P = 0.044) or wear medical alert jewellery (36.3% vs 64.6%; P = 0.001). Conclusions COVID-19 was a principal trigger for adrenal crises and sick-day dosing in patients with PAI. Despite a higher risk of COVID-19, patients with CAH showed less engagement with self-protective attitudes. Significance statement We conducted a cross-sectional study on a large and well-characterised group of patients with PAI and demonstrated that COVID-19 was a leading cause of morbidity during the early phases of the pandemic. Patients with AD were older and had a greater burden of comorbidity than those with CAH, including non-adrenal autoimmune disorders. However, patients with CAH were more likely to develop COVID-19 and demonstrated reduced engagement with healthcare services and health promotion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Warmington
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lisa M Shepherd
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jonathan M Hazlehurst
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anne de Bray
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helena Gleeson
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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2
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Adriaenssens A, Broichhagen J, de Bray A, Ast J, Hasib A, Jones B, Tomas A, Burgos NF, Woodward O, Lewis J, O’Flaherty E, El K, Cui C, Harada N, Inagaki N, Campbell J, Brierley D, Hodson DJ, Samms R, Gribble F, Reimann F. Hypothalamic and brainstem glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor neurons employ distinct mechanisms to affect feeding. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164921. [PMID: 37212283 PMCID: PMC10322681 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Central glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor (GIPR) signaling is critical in GIP-based therapeutics' ability to lower body weight, but pathways leveraged by GIPR pharmacology in the brain remain incompletely understood. We explored the role of Gipr neurons in the hypothalamus and dorsal vagal complex (DVC) - brain regions critical to the control of energy balance. Hypothalamic Gipr expression was not necessary for the synergistic effect of GIPR/GLP-1R coagonism on body weight. While chemogenetic stimulation of both hypothalamic and DVC Gipr neurons suppressed food intake, activation of DVC Gipr neurons reduced ambulatory activity and induced conditioned taste avoidance, while there was no effect of a short-acting GIPR agonist (GIPRA). Within the DVC, Gipr neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), but not the area postrema (AP), projected to distal brain regions and were transcriptomically distinct. Peripherally dosed fluorescent GIPRAs revealed that access was restricted to circumventricular organs in the CNS. These data demonstrate that Gipr neurons in the hypothalamus, AP, and NTS differ in their connectivity, transcriptomic profile, peripheral accessibility, and appetite-controlling mechanisms. These results highlight the heterogeneity of the central GIPR signaling axis and suggest that studies into the effects of GIP pharmacology on feeding behavior should consider the interplay of multiple regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Adriaenssens
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anne de Bray
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Ast
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Annie Hasib
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Jones
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Figueredo Burgos
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Orla Woodward
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Lewis
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth O’Flaherty
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley El
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Canqi Cui
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Norio Harada
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jonathan Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel Brierley
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Hodson
- Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Center of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Samms
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Fiona Gribble
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Reimann
- Institute of Metabolic Science & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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3
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Mendive‐Tapia L, Miret‐Casals L, Barth ND, Wang J, de Bray A, Beltramo M, Robert V, Ampe C, Hodson DJ, Madder A, Vendrell M. Acid-Resistant BODIPY Amino Acids for Peptide-Based Fluorescence Imaging of GPR54 Receptors in Pancreatic Islets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302688. [PMID: 36917014 PMCID: PMC10947197 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled kisspeptin receptor (GPR54 or KISS1R) is an important mediator in reproduction, metabolism and cancer biology; however, there are limited fluorescent probes or antibodies for direct imaging of these receptors in cells and intact tissues, which can help to interrogate their multiple biological roles. Herein, we describe the rational design and characterization of a new acid-resistant BODIPY-based amino acid (Trp-BODIPY PLUS), and its implementation for solid-phase synthesis of fluorescent bioactive peptides. Trp-BODIPY PLUS retains the binding capabilities of both short linear and cyclic peptides and displays notable turn-on fluorescence emission upon target binding for wash-free imaging. Finally, we employed Trp-BODIPY PLUS to prepare some of the first fluorogenic kisspeptin-based probes and visualized the expression and localization of GPR54 receptors in human cells and in whole mouse pancreatic islets by fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laia Miret‐Casals
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of SciencesGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Nicole D. Barth
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Jinling Wang
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Anne de Bray
- Oxford Centre for DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM)Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOX3 7LEOxfordUK
| | - Massimiliano Beltramo
- Equipe Neuroendocrinologie Moleculaire de la ReproductionPhysiologie de la Reproduction et des ComportementsCentre INRA Val de Loire37380NouzillyFrance
| | - Vincent Robert
- Equipe Neuroendocrinologie Moleculaire de la ReproductionPhysiologie de la Reproduction et des ComportementsCentre INRA Val de Loire37380NouzillyFrance
| | - Christophe Ampe
- Department of Biomolecular MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University9052GhentBelgium
| | - David J. Hodson
- Oxford Centre for DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM)Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOX3 7LEOxfordUK
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of SciencesGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
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4
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Mendive‐Tapia L, Miret‐Casals L, Barth ND, Wang J, de Bray A, Beltramo M, Robert V, Ampe C, Hodson DJ, Madder A, Vendrell M. Acid-Resistant BODIPY Amino Acids for Peptide-Based Fluorescence Imaging of GPR54 Receptors in Pancreatic Islets. Angew Chem Weinheim Bergstr Ger 2023; 135:e202302688. [PMID: 38516305 PMCID: PMC10952496 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202302688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled kisspeptin receptor (GPR54 or KISS1R) is an important mediator in reproduction, metabolism and cancer biology; however, there are limited fluorescent probes or antibodies for direct imaging of these receptors in cells and intact tissues, which can help to interrogate their multiple biological roles. Herein, we describe the rational design and characterization of a new acid-resistant BODIPY-based amino acid (Trp-BODIPY PLUS), and its implementation for solid-phase synthesis of fluorescent bioactive peptides. Trp-BODIPY PLUS retains the binding capabilities of both short linear and cyclic peptides and displays notable turn-on fluorescence emission upon target binding for wash-free imaging. Finally, we employed Trp-BODIPY PLUS to prepare some of the first fluorogenic kisspeptin-based probes and visualized the expression and localization of GPR54 receptors in human cells and in whole mouse pancreatic islets by fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laia Miret‐Casals
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of SciencesGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Nicole D. Barth
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Jinling Wang
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
| | - Anne de Bray
- Oxford Centre for DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM)Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOX3 7LEOxfordUK
| | - Massimiliano Beltramo
- Equipe Neuroendocrinologie Moleculaire de la ReproductionPhysiologie de la Reproduction et des ComportementsCentre INRA Val de Loire37380NouzillyFrance
| | - Vincent Robert
- Equipe Neuroendocrinologie Moleculaire de la ReproductionPhysiologie de la Reproduction et des ComportementsCentre INRA Val de Loire37380NouzillyFrance
| | - Christophe Ampe
- Department of Biomolecular MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent University9052GhentBelgium
| | - David J. Hodson
- Oxford Centre for DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM)Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOX3 7LEOxfordUK
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of SciencesGhent University9000GhentBelgium
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe University of EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghUK
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5
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Kemkem Y, Nasteska D, de Bray A, Bargi-Souza P, Peliciari-Garcia RA, Guillou A, Mollard P, Hodson DJ, Schaeffer M. Maternal hypothyroidism in mice influences glucose metabolism in adult offspring. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1822-1835. [PMID: 32472193 PMCID: PMC7406527 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS During pregnancy, maternal metabolic disease and hormonal imbalance may alter fetal beta cell development and/or proliferation, thus leading to an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Although thyroid hormones play an important role in fetal endocrine pancreas development, the impact of maternal hypothyroidism on glucose homeostasis in adult offspring remains poorly understood. METHODS We investigated this using a mouse model of hypothyroidism, induced by administration of an iodine-deficient diet supplemented with propylthiouracil during gestation. RESULTS Here, we show that, when fed normal chow, adult mice born to hypothyroid mothers were more glucose-tolerant due to beta cell hyperproliferation (two- to threefold increase in Ki67-positive beta cells) and increased insulin sensitivity. However, following 8 weeks of high-fat feeding, these offspring gained 20% more body weight, became profoundly hyperinsulinaemic (with a 50% increase in fasting insulin concentration), insulin-resistant and glucose-intolerant compared with controls from euthyroid mothers. Furthermore, altered glucose metabolism was maintained in a second generation of animals. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Therefore, gestational hypothyroidism induces long-term alterations in endocrine pancreas function, which may have implications for type 2 diabetes prevention in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kemkem
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, Inserm U1191, University of Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, Edgbaston, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anne de Bray
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, Edgbaston, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paula Bargi-Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Peliciari-Garcia
- Morphophysiology and Pathology Sector, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Anne Guillou
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, Inserm U1191, University of Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice Mollard
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, Inserm U1191, University of Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, Edgbaston, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marie Schaeffer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, Inserm U1191, University of Montpellier, F-34094, Montpellier, France.
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Abstract
An important facet to end-of-life care is deprescribing. This can be challenging when reviewing life-sustaining endocrine medications but, unlike for diabetes, there is no national guidance to support patients and clinicians faced with care planning. This article reviews the limited current evidence to highlight areas for further discussion and research with the aim of moving towards consensus opinion. Discontinuation of certain endocrine medications, including corticosteroids, desmopressin and levothyroxine, is likely to precipitate an 'endocrine-driven mechanism of death', while it may be reasonable to discontinue other endocrine medications without the risk of hastening death or causing unnecessary symptoms. However, the over-arching theme should be that early discussion with patients regarding conversion or discontinuation of endocrine medications or monitoring is central to care planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne de Bray
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jon Tomas
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Neil Gittoes
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zaki Hassan-Smith
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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7
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Kempegowda P, Sunsoa H, Chandan JS, Quinn LM, Amrelia PM, Atta SN, Amir S, Teh YS, Chaudhry S, de Bray A, Rashid R, Whitehouse JL, Nash EF, Syed A. Retinopathy and microalbuminuria are common microvascular complications in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2020; 11:2042018820966428. [PMID: 35154634 PMCID: PMC8832295 DOI: 10.1177/2042018820966428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To study the prevalence of microvascular complications and renal changes associated with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the West Midlands Adult Cystic Fibrosis centre, United Kingdom. Data regarding age, sex, microalbuminuria, retinopathy neuropathy, and biochemical results were collected for all people with CFRD who had an annual review from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018 at the centre. Descriptive statistics were analysed using STATAv15.1. RESULTS A total of 189 patients were included, of which 56.6% were male and median age (interquartile range) was 33 (27-39) years; 79.4% (150/189) had their annual review in 2018. Those with a biochemically impaired renal function numbered 7.2% (13/180) and 22.7% (32/141) had microalbuminuria; 17.2% (10/58) had diabetes related retinopathy. No one in our cohort had diabetic ulcers; however, 10.3% (13/126) had absent foot pulses. CONCLUSION We found a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria compared with retinopathy in a large cohort of cystic fibrosis adults. This study demonstrates the need for regular specialist follow-up to facilitate early identification of such complications and a long-term prospective cohort to understand underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harbinder Sunsoa
- West Midlands Adult CF Centre, University
Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joht S. Chandan
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy,
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Prashant M. Amrelia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Syed Noman Atta
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Sidrah Amir
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Yee Suh Teh
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Sabba Chaudhry
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Anne de Bray
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research,
University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rifat Rashid
- West Midlands Adult CF Centre, University
Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joanna L. Whitehouse
- West Midlands Adult CF Centre, University
Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Edward F. Nash
- West Midlands Adult CF Centre, University
Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ateeq Syed
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology,
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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8
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de Bray A, Hassan-Smith ZK, Dirie J, Littleton E, Chavda S, Ayuk J, Sanghera P, Karavitaki N. Macroprolactinoma causing VI, X, XII cranial nerve palsies nearly 30 years after initial treatment. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018; 2018:EDM180053. [PMID: 30002835 PMCID: PMC6038010 DOI: 10.1530/edm-18-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A 48-year-old man was diagnosed with a large macroprolactinoma in 1982 treated with surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy and bromocriptine. Normal prolactin was achieved in 2005 but in 2009 it started rising. Pituitary MRIs in 2009, 2012, 2014 and 2015 were reported as showing empty pituitary fossa. Prolactin continued to increase (despite increasing bromocriptine dose). Trialling cabergoline had no effect (prolactin 191,380 mU/L). In January 2016, he presented with right facial weakness and CT head was reported as showing no acute intracranial abnormality. In late 2016, he was referred to ENT with hoarse voice; left hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsies were found. At this point, prolactin was 534,176 mU/L. Just before further endocrine review, he had a fall and CT head showed a basal skull mass invading the left petrous temporal bone. Pituitary MRI revealed a large enhancing mass within the sella infiltrating the clivus, extending into the left petrous apex and occipital condyle with involvement of the left Meckel's cave, internal acoustic meatus, jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal. At that time, left abducens nerve palsy was also present. CT thorax/abdomen/pelvis excluded malignancy. Review of previous images suggested that this lesion had started becoming evident below the fossa in pituitary MRI of 2015. Temozolomide was initiated. After eight cycles, there is significant tumour reduction with prolactin 1565 mU/L and cranial nerve deficits have remained stable. Prolactinomas can manifest aggressive behaviour even decades after initial treatment highlighting the unpredictable clinical course they can demonstrate and the need for careful imaging review. Learning points Aggressive behaviour of prolactinomas can manifest even decades after first treatment highlighting the unpredictable clinical course these tumours can demonstrate.Escape from control of hyperprolactinaemia in the absence of sellar adenomatous tissue requires careful and systematic search for the anatomical localisation of the lesion responsible for the prolactin excess.Temozolomide is a valuable agent in the therapeutic armamentarium for aggressive/invasive prolactinomas, particularly if they are not amenable to other treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne de Bray
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zaki K Hassan-Smith
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jamal Dirie
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Edward Littleton
- Departments of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Swarupsinh Chavda
- Departments of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - John Ayuk
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Sanghera
- Departments of Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Niki Karavitaki
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.,Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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