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Pan S, A.C. Souza L, Worker CJ, Reyes Mendez ME, Gayban AJB, Cooper SG, Sanchez Solano A, Bergman RN, Stefanovski D, Morton GJ, Schwartz MW, Feng Earley Y. (Pro)renin receptor signaling in hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase neurons is required for obesity-associated glucose metabolic impairment. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174294. [PMID: 38349753 PMCID: PMC11063935 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is achieved via complex interactions between the endocrine pancreas and other peripheral tissues and glucoregulatory neurocircuits in the brain that remain incompletely defined. Within the brain, neurons in the hypothalamus appear to play a particularly important role. Consistent with this notion, we report evidence that (pro)renin receptor (PRR) signaling within a subset of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) neurons located in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVNTH neurons) is a physiological determinant of the defended blood glucose level. Specifically, we demonstrate that PRR deletion from PVNTH neurons restores normal glucose homeostasis in mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Conversely, chemogenetic inhibition of PVNTH neurons mimics the deleterious effect of DIO on glucose. Combined with our finding that PRR activation inhibits PVNTH neurons, these findings suggest that, in mice, (a) PVNTH neurons play a physiological role in glucose homeostasis, (b) PRR activation impairs glucose homeostasis by inhibiting these neurons, and (c) this mechanism plays a causal role in obesity-associated metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Pan
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Lucas A.C. Souza
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Caleb J. Worker
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Miriam E. Reyes Mendez
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Ariana Julia B. Gayban
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Silvana G. Cooper
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Alfredo Sanchez Solano
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory J. Morton
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael W. Schwartz
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yumei Feng Earley
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology & Cell Biology and
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signaling in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Worker CJ, Li W, Feng CY, Souza LAC, Gayban AJB, Cooper SG, Afrin S, Romanick S, Ferguson BS, Feng Earley Y. The neuronal (pro)renin receptor and astrocyte inflammation in the central regulation of blood pressure and blood glucose in mice fed a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E765-E778. [PMID: 32228320 PMCID: PMC7272727 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00406.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report here that the neuronal (pro)renin receptor (PRR), a key component of the brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS), plays a critical role in the central regulation of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced metabolic pathophysiology. The neuronal PRR is known to mediate formation of the majority of angiotensin (ANG) II, a key bioactive peptide of the RAS, in the central nervous system and to regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular function. However, little is known about neuronal PRR function in overnutrition-related metabolic physiology. Here, we show that PRR deletion in neurons reduces blood pressure, neurogenic pressor activity, and fasting blood glucose and improves glucose tolerance without affecting food intake or body weight following a 16-wk HFD. Mechanistically, we found that a HFD increases levels of the PRR ligand (pro)renin in the circulation and hypothalamus and of ANG II in the hypothalamus, indicating activation of the brain RAS. Importantly, PRR deletion in neurons reduced astrogliosis and activation of the astrocytic NF-κB p65 (RelA) in the arcuate nucleus and the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. Collectively, our findings indicate that the neuronal PRR plays essential roles in overnutrition-related metabolic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J Worker
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Wencheng Li
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cheng-Yuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lucas A C Souza
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Ariana Julia B Gayban
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Silvana G Cooper
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Sanzida Afrin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Samantha Romanick
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
- Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Bradley S Ferguson
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
- Department of Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Yumei Feng Earley
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada
- Center for Molecular and Cellular Signal Transduction in the Cardiovascular System, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
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Souza LAC, Worker CJ, Li W, Trebak F, Watkins T, Gayban AJB, Yamasaki E, Cooper SG, Drumm BT, Feng Y. (Pro)renin receptor knockdown in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus attenuates hypertension development and AT 1 receptor-mediated calcium events. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H1389-H1405. [PMID: 30925093 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00780.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a pivotal step in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is a critical part of the angiotensinergic sympatho-excitatory neuronal network involved in neural control of blood pressure and hypertension. However, the importance of the PVN (pro)renin receptor (PVN-PRR)-a key component of the brain RAS-in hypertension development has not been examined. In this study, we investigated the involvement and mechanisms of the PVN-PRR in DOCA-salt-induced hypertension, a mouse model of hypertension. Using nanoinjection of adeno-associated virus-mediated Cre recombinase expression to knock down the PRR specifically in the PVN, we report here that PVN-PRR knockdown attenuated the enhanced blood pressure and sympathetic tone associated with hypertension. Mechanistically, we found that PVN-PRR knockdown was associated with reduced activation of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase)-1/2 in the PVN and rostral ventrolateral medulla during hypertension. In addition, using the genetically encoded Ca2+ biosensor GCaMP6 to monitor Ca2+-signaling events in the neurons of PVN brain slices, we identified a reduction in angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated Ca2+ activity as part of the mechanism by which PVN-PRR knockdown attenuates hypertension. Our study demonstrates an essential role of the PRR in PVN neurons in hypertension through regulation of ERK1/2 activation and angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated Ca2+ activity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY PRR knockdown in PVN neurons attenuates the development of DOCA-salt hypertension and autonomic dysfunction through a decrease in ERK1/2 activation in the PVN and RVLM during hypertension. In addition, PRR knockdown reduced AT1aR expression and AT1R-mediated calcium activity during hypertension. Furthermore, we characterized the neuronal targeting specificity of AAV serotype 2 in the mouse PVN and validated the advantages of the genetically encoded calcium biosensor GCaMP6 in visualizing neuronal calcium activity in the PVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A C Souza
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Caleb J Worker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Wencheng Li
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Fatima Trebak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Trevor Watkins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Ariana Julia B Gayban
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Evan Yamasaki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Silvana G Cooper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Bernard T Drumm
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
| | - Yumei Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine , Reno, Nevada
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