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Manning JT, Fink B. Digit ratio (2D:4D) and its relationship to foetal and maternal sex steroids: A mini-review. Early Hum Dev 2023; 183:105799. [PMID: 37300988 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The challenges of terrestrial existence may mean that the early development of tetrapod limb traits is linked to the development of the urogenital system and sex steroids. One such limb trait is the sex-dependent ratio of the lengths of the 2nd and 4th digits (2D:4D). Direct evidence for the association between early sex steroids and offspring 2D:4D can be obtained by manipulating foetal sex hormones. However, this is not ethically permissible in humans. It is widely accepted that 2D:4D is a biomarker for early foetal sex hormones in tetrapods but the link in humans remains controversial. Here we review the evidence that (i) manipulation of sex steroids in early development leads to sex-dependent changes in 2D:4D throughout the tetrapods, and (ii) maternal sex steroids cross the placenta and thus are associated with offspring 2D:4D in both non-human and human animals. We suggest a research focus on associations between human maternal sex steroids and offspring 2D:4D to clarify the link between 2D:4D and early sex steroids. A protocol is proposed to examine the correlation between 1st-trimester maternal sex steroids and offspring 2D:4D. Such an association may explain the existence and medium effect size of the human sex difference in 2D:4D.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Manning
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - B Fink
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Austria; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Austria; Biosocial Science Information, Biedermannsdorf, Austria.
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2
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Steinmair D, Fink B, Horvath E, Matuszak-Luss K, Löffler-Stastka H. Mentalisierungsfähigkeit und Empathie in der Psychiatrie – eine Sozialisationsfrage? psychopraxis neuropraxis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8325535 DOI: 10.1007/s00739-021-00738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungBerufliche Sozialisation entwickelt sich im Kontext der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung und vorhandener Bedingungen unterschiedlich. Das Aufrechterhalten der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit im beruflichen Alltag und vor allem in herausfordernden Situationen ist keine Selbstverständlichkeit, sondern abhängig von Umgebungsbedingungen. Die Übernahme von Verantwortung für die gewählte berufliche Tätigkeit erfordert eine Auseinandersetzung mit dem jeweils spezifischen Anforderungsprofil; es stellen sich Lern- und Entwicklungsaufgaben. Die Integration der beruflichen Identität im Rahmen förderlicher Umgebungsbedingungen bedeutet, sich als Teil dieser Gruppe(n) zu erleben. Aus gruppenpsychoanalytischer Sicht stellt die Identifikation mit einer Gruppe eine Verinnerlichung eines „guten Objekts“ dar, einer Gruppenrepräsentanz, welche in herausfordernden Situationen zugänglich ist. Dies kann die Mentalisierungsfähigkeit verbessern.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Steinmair
- Klinik für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Augenheilkunde und Orbitachirurgie, Universitätsklinikum St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, St. Pölten, Österreich
| | - B. Fink
- Sektion Psychotherapie/AG Ambulante Psychotherapie, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik,
Wien
, Österreich
- Ordination, Auhofstraße 70/4, 1130 Wien, Österreich
| | - E. Horvath
- Sektion Psychotherapie/AG Ambulante Psychotherapie, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik,
Wien
, Österreich
- Ordination, Tellgasse 14/12, 1150 Wien, Österreich
| | - K. Matuszak-Luss
- Sektion Psychotherapie/AG Ambulante Psychotherapie, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik,
Wien
, Österreich
- Ordination für Psychiatrie, psychotherapeutische Medizin und Neurologie, Seckendorfstraße 6/1/6, 1140 Wien, Österreich
| | - H. Löffler-Stastka
- Klinik für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Wien, Österreich
- Sektion Psychotherapie/AG Ambulante Psychotherapie, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik,
Wien
, Österreich
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3
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Fink B, Stefanou D. Three-step technique for implantation of rotating hinge knee prostheses : Demonstration using the Enduro prosthesis. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2020; 32:329-339. [PMID: 32651606 DOI: 10.1007/s00064-020-00672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implantation of an axis-guided knee prosthesis with consideration of the joint line and balanced flexion and extension gap to reduce the mechanical load on the prosthesis axis and to improve the movement of the prosthesis. INDICATIONS Distinct unilateral instability due to ligament insufficiency in association with knee prostheses. Primary implantation of axis-guided knee prostheses with pronounced axial malalignment (>20-25° valgus or varus malalignment) or/and severe flexion contracture > 40°. Replacement of prosthesis with nonsignificant imbalance between flexion and extension gap. CONTRAINDICATIONS Clearly unstable flexion gap such that the extension gap cannot be adjusted appropriately. Significant femoral bone defects requiring distal femoral replacement prostheses. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Reconstruction of the tibial platform with the trial prosthesis with regard to height in relation to the tip of the fibula. Determination of the femoral prosthesis size. Adjustment of the anteroposterior (AP) cutting block of the selected size, referenced anteriorly and in correct rotation. Determination of the flexion gap with spacers using the stable side of the collateral ligaments. Positioning the distal cutting block and determination of the height of the extension gap. Moving the distal cutting block until the same height of spacer as used in the flexion gap fits into the extension gap, taking into account the stable side of the collateral ligaments. The extent of the displacement D1 is noted. Reverse displacement of the distal cutting block by the distance D2 until a satisfactory bony contact surface for the femoral component in the distal femur can be created. The thickness of the required distal augments on the following chamfer-cutting guide (4-in‑1 cutting block) and thus on the femoral prosthetic component is the sum of D1 + D2. The chamfer-cutting guide (4-in‑1 block) with distal augments of the calculated height (D = D1 + D2) is placed in position. Definition and preparation of the posterior contact surface with positioning of any necessary posterior augments. Completion of the femoral preparation taking into account the distal and posterior augments. Assembly of the trial prostheses with a trial inlay having the height of the spacers used. Implantation of the selected prosthesis components. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT Thrombosis prophylaxis, physiotherapy under full weight-bearing and mobility exercises. RESULTS After implantation of 104 axis-guided Enduro™ knee prostheses (Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) (73 knee prosthesis revisions and 31 primary implantations), the Knee Society Score increased from 42.8 ± 18.8 preoperatively to 84.8 ± 13.9 after 24 months. Complications comprised one deep vein thrombosis and one periprosthetic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department of Joint Replacement, General and Rheumatic Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen gGmbH, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706, Markgröningen, Germany. .,Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - D Stefanou
- Department of Joint Replacement, General and Rheumatic Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen gGmbH, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706, Markgröningen, Germany
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Rega PP, Fink B, Sexton M, Schneiderman J, Kakish E, McKenzie N, Kenney K, Jones C. Improving the improvisational pelvic circumferential compression technique for open-book pelvic fractures using a simulation model and a sphygmomanometer. BMJ Mil Health 2019; 166:e21-e24. [PMID: 31123090 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2019-001196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Open-book pelvic fractures are associated with significant mortality. Emergency management may require a commercial pelvic circumferential compression device to reduce the fracture and compress haemorrhaging pelvic vasculature. Standard, commercial, twin-sized bedsheets are acceptable should commercial devices be unavailable. However, obese victims or personnel with insufficient body strength may impede successful reduction. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the value of an improvisational windlass (intravenous pole) in improving the ability to reduce an open-book pelvic fracture. METHODS The Institutional Review Board-approved study involved 28 diverse healthcare students and emergency medicine residents. Each participant's demographic information and physical characteristics were recorded. A METIman was prepared with knee and ankle binding and a sphygmomanometer set at 40 mm Hg placed over the symphysis pubis. Two-person teams were randomly selected to place a bedsheet at greater trochanter level and atop the sphygmomanometer. The bedsheet was secured with maximum effort by the pairs and the pressure recorded. Following this, the pairs inserted an intravenous pole in the knot and torqued the pole to maximum effort and a repeat pressure recorded. RESULTS The mean increase in pressure using only the bedsheet was 106.43 mm Hg per team. With bedsheet and intravenous pole, the mean pressure increase was 351.79 mm Hg per team. The difference was statistically significant (independent samples t-test: t = 17.177, p < 0.001, 95% CI (216.65 to 274.07 mm Hg). There was no correlation between pressure increases and the individual physical characteristics of the subjects (r = - 0.183, p = 0.352). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of personnel's physical attributes, the addition of an improvisational windlass to a pelvic circumferential compression bedsheet can improve the ability to reduce an open-book fracture, especially in obese victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Patrick Rega
- School of Population Health, College of Health and Human Services, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - B Fink
- School of Population Health, College of Health and Human Services, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - M Sexton
- College of Nursing, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - J Schneiderman
- Interprofessional Immersive Simulation Center, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - E Kakish
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - N McKenzie
- School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - K Kenney
- School of Population Health, College of Health and Human Services, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - C Jones
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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5
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Rega PP, Fink B. Optimising pelvic fracture stabilisation in obese victims. BMJ Mil Health 2019; 166:202. [PMID: 30737257 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2019-001178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Patrick Rega
- School of Population Health, University of Toledo College of Health and Human Services, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - B Fink
- School of Population Health, University of Toledo College of Health and Human Services, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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6
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Moussa M, Dugan J, Jones C, Fink B, Parquette B, Ziehr J, Rega P. 33 How Competent Are Emergency Medicine Residents in Applying Commercial Tourniquets? A Pilot Study. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Siebers K, Fink B, Zakrzewicz A, Agné A, Richter K, Konzok S, Hecker A, Zukunft S, Küllmar M, Klein J, McIntosh JM, Timm T, Sewald K, Padberg W, Aggarwal N, Chamulitrat W, Santoso S, Xia W, Janciauskiene S, Grau V. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Inhibits ATP-Mediated Release of Interleukin-1β via CD36 and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Front Immunol 2018; 9:877. [PMID: 29922281 PMCID: PMC5996888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While interleukin (IL)-1β is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in host defense, high levels can cause life-threatening sterile inflammation including systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Hence, the control of IL-1β secretion is of outstanding biomedical importance. In response to a first inflammatory stimulus such as lipopolysaccharide, pro-IL-1β is synthesized as a cytoplasmic inactive pro-form. Extracellular ATP originating from injured cells is a prototypical second signal for inflammasome-dependent maturation and release of IL-1β. The human anti-protease alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and IL-1β regulate each other via mechanisms that are only partially understood. Here, we demonstrate that physiological concentrations of AAT efficiently inhibit ATP-induced release of IL-1β from primary human blood mononuclear cells, monocytic U937 cells, and rat lung tissue, whereas ATP-independent IL-1β release is not impaired. Both, native and oxidized AAT are active, suggesting that the inhibition of IL-1β release is independent of the anti-elastase activity of AAT. Signaling of AAT in monocytic cells involves the lipid scavenger receptor CD36, calcium-independent phospholipase A2β, and the release of a small soluble mediator. This mediator leads to the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which efficiently inhibit ATP-induced P2X7 receptor activation and inflammasome assembly. We suggest that AAT controls ATP-induced IL-1β release from human mononuclear blood cells by a novel triple-membrane-passing signaling pathway. This pathway may have clinical implications for the prevention of sterile pulmonary and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Siebers
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bijan Fink
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Zakrzewicz
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alisa Agné
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Konzok
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, German Centre for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute of Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mira Küllmar
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Klein
- Department of Pharmacology, Goethe University College of Pharmacy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Thomas Timm
- Protein Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, German Centre for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nupur Aggarwal
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, German Centre for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Heidelberg Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sentot Santoso
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wendy Xia
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, German Centre for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus Liebig University Giessen, German Centre for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
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8
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Fink B, Matts PJ, Brauckmann C, Gundlach S. The effect of skin surface topography and skin colouration cues on perception of male facial age, health and attractiveness. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:193-198. [PMID: 29469966 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies investigating the effects of skin surface topography and colouration cues on the perception of female faces reported a differential weighting for the perception of skin topography and colour evenness, where topography was a stronger visual cue for the perception of age, whereas skin colour evenness was a stronger visual cue for the perception of health. We extend these findings in a study of the effect of skin surface topography and colour evenness cues on the perceptions of facial age, health and attractiveness in males. METHODS Facial images of six men (aged 40 to 70 years), selected for co-expression of lines/wrinkles and discolouration, were manipulated digitally to create eight stimuli, namely, separate removal of these two features (a) on the forehead, (b) in the periorbital area, (c) on the cheeks and (d) across the entire face. Omnibus (within-face) pairwise combinations, including the original (unmodified) face, were presented to a total of 240 male and female judges, who selected the face they considered younger, healthier and more attractive. RESULTS Significant effects were detected for facial image choice, in response to skin feature manipulation. The combined removal of skin surface topography resulted in younger age perception compared with that seen with the removal of skin colouration cues, whereas the opposite pattern was found for health preference. No difference was detected for the perception of attractiveness. These perceptual effects were seen particularly on the forehead and cheeks. Removing skin topography cues (but not discolouration) in the periorbital area resulted in higher preferences for all three attributes. CONCLUSION Skin surface topography and colouration cues affect the perception of age, health and attractiveness in men's faces. The combined removal of these features on the forehead, cheeks and in the periorbital area results in the most positive assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Institute of Psychology, University of Goettingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Goettingen, Germany.,Emmy Noether Research Group, Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University of Goettingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - P J Matts
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Greater London Innovation Centre, Rusham Park, Whitehall Lane, Egham, KT15 2HT, UK
| | - C Brauckmann
- Emmy Noether Research Group, Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University of Goettingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - S Gundlach
- Emmy Noether Research Group, Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University of Goettingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
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9
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Zakrzewicz A, Richter K, Agné A, Wilker S, Siebers K, Fink B, Krasteva-Christ G, Althaus M, Padberg W, Hone AJ, McIntosh JM, Grau V. Canonical and Novel Non-Canonical Cholinergic Agonists Inhibit ATP-Induced Release of Monocytic Interleukin-1β via Different Combinations of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits α7, α9 and α10. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:189. [PMID: 28725182 PMCID: PMC5496965 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we discovered a cholinergic mechanism that inhibits the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent release of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by human monocytes via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) composed of α7, α9 and/or α10 subunits. Furthermore, we identified phosphocholine (PC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as novel nicotinic agonists that elicit metabotropic activity at monocytic nAChR. Interestingly, PC does not provoke ion channel responses at conventional nAChRs composed of subunits α9 and α10. The purpose of this study is to determine the composition of nAChRs necessary for nicotinic signaling in monocytic cells and to test the hypothesis that common metabolites of phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and glycerophosphocholine (G-PC), function as nAChR agonists. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nAChR gene-deficient mice, we demonstrated that inhibition of ATP-dependent release of IL-1β by acetylcholine (ACh), nicotine and PC depends on subunits α7, α9 and α10. Using a panel of nAChR antagonists and siRNA technology, we confirmed the involvement of these subunits in the control of IL-1β release in the human monocytic cell line U937. Furthermore, we showed that LPC (C16:0) and G-PC efficiently inhibit ATP-dependent release of IL-1β. Of note, the inhibitory effects mediated by LPC and G-PC depend on nAChR subunits α9 and α10, but only to a small degree on α7. In Xenopuslaevis oocytes heterologously expressing different combinations of human α7, α9 or α10 subunits, ACh induced canonical ion channel activity, whereas LPC, G-PC and PC did not. In conclusion, we demonstrate that canonical nicotinic agonists and PC elicit metabotropic nAChR activity in monocytes via interaction of nAChR subunits α7, α9 and α10. For the metabotropic signaling of LPC and G-PC, nAChR subunits α9 and α10 are needed, whereas α7 is virtually dispensable. Furthermore, molecules bearing a PC group in general seem to regulate immune functions without perturbing canonical ion channel functions of nAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zakrzewicz
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Alisa Agné
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Wilker
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Siebers
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Bijan Fink
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland UniversityHomburg, Germany.,Member of the German Centre for Lung ResearchGiessen, Germany
| | - Mike Althaus
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany.,School of Biology, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Winfried Padberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany
| | - Arik J Hone
- Department of Biology, University of UtahSalt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of UtahSalt Lake City, UT, United States.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of UtahSalt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen, Germany.,Member of the German Centre for Lung ResearchGiessen, Germany
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10
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Fink B, Oremek D. Hip revision arthroplasty for failed osteosynthesis in periprosthetic Vancouver type B1 fractures using a cementless, modular, tapered revision stem. Bone Joint J 2017; 99-B:11-16. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.99b4.bjj-2016-1201.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the hypothesis that failed osteosynthesis of periprosthetic Vancouver type B1 fractures can be treated successfully with stem revision using a transfemoral approach and a cementless, modular, tapered revision stem with reproducible rates of fracture healing, stability of the revision stem, and clinically good results. Patients and Methods A total of 14 patients (11 women, three men) with a mean age of 72.4 years (65 to 90) undergoing revision hip arthroplasty after failed osteosynthesis of periprosthetic fractures of Vancouver type B1 were treated using a transfemoral approach to remove the well-fixed stem before insertion of a modular, fluted titanium stem which obtained distal fixation. These patients were clinically and radiologically followed up for a mean 52.2 months (24 to 144). Results After a mean of 15.5 weeks (standard deviation (sd) 5.7) all fractures had healed. No stems subsided and bony-ingrowth fixation had occurred according to the classification of Engh et al. The mean Harris Hip Score increased from a pre-operative score of 22.2 points (sd 9.7) to 81.5 points (sd 16.8) 24 months post-operatively. All hips had obtained an excellent result according to the classification of Beals and Tower. Conclusions The technique described here for stem revision provides reproducibly good results in the treatment of failed osteosynthesis for Vancouver types B1 periprosthetic fractures of the hip. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B(4 Supple B):11–16.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Fink
- University-Hospital Hamburg-Eppendort, Martinistrasse
52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D. Oremek
- Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen gGmbH, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg
10, 71706 Markgröningen, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most common and successful surgical procedures in orthopedic surgery and clinical success can be characterized by the revision rate and improvement of function, as well as the patient's satisfaction and pain. Despite the clinical success of primary THA with 10-year survival rates as high as 96 % (Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, 2011), the prevalence of groin pain after conventional total hip replacement ranges from 0.4 to 18.3 % and activity-limiting thigh pain is still an existing problem linked to the femoral component of uncemented hip replacement in up to 1.9 to 40.9 % of cases in some series. Obvious causes of failure might be identified with clinical examinations and standard radiographs only, whereas the unexplained painful THA still remains a challenge for the surgeon. They can be classified into extra- and intraarticular disorders, the latter being divided into biological and mechanical origins. The onset of the pain after the operation and the differentiation between pain in motion and at rest are helpful to distinguish between mechanical and non-mechanical problems. An infection should be the first diagnosis to be ruled out in a painful THA. It is generally accepted that a clear understanding of the failure mechanism in each case is required prior considering revision surgery. Method: In this review a practical diagnostic algorithm is described for failure analysis in more detail. The evaluation of a painful THA includes a detailed history with an extended analysis of the type of pain, thorough clinical examination including the spine and knee joints, radiographic and laboratory analysis, as well as invasive examinations like joint aspiration and biopsies. Conclusion: This diagnostic algorithm offers an important tool for a sufficient failure analysis in almost all patients with painful THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen
| | - R Lass
- Univ.-Klinik für Orthopädie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Österreich
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12
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Siebers R, Fink B, Richter K, Wilker S, Küllmar M, Zukunft S, Aggarwal N, Zakrzewicz A, Padberg W, Janciauskiene S, Grau V. A soluble factor mediates alpha-1 antitrypsin-induced inhibition of ATP-induced IL-1β release by monocytic cells. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Tripolar cups can be separated into constrained and unconstrained dual-mobility cups. The latter show better survival and revision rates. The main problem is the polyethylene wear. Therefore modern types of polyethylene are used in these cups. The indications for dual-mobility cups are recurrent dislocation and situations where the risk of dislocation is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröninigen
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14
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Fink B. Revision arthroplasty in periprosthetic fractures of the proximal femur. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2014; 26:455-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00064-014-0305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Abstract
We report our experience of revision total hip replacement (THR) using the Revitan curved modular titanium fluted revision stem in patients with a full spectrum of proximal femoral defects. A total of 112 patients (116 revisions) with a mean age of 73.4 years (39 to 90) were included in the study. The mean follow-up was 7.5 years (5.3 to 9.1). A total of 12 patients (12 hips) died but their data were included in the survival analysis, and four patients (4 hips) were lost to follow-up. The clinical outcome, proximal bone regeneration and subsidence were assessed for 101 hips. The mean Harris Hip Score was 88.2 (45.8 to 100) after five years and there was an increase of the mean Barnett and Nordin-Score, a measure of the proximal bone regeneration, of 20.8 (-3.1 to 52.7). Five stems had to be revised (4.3%), three (2.9%) showed subsidence, five (4.3%) a dislocation and two of 85 aseptic revisions (2.3%) a periprosthetic infection. At the latest follow-up, the survival with revision of the stem as the endpoint was 95.7% (95% confidence interval 91.9% to 99.4%) and with aseptic loosening as the endpoint, was 100%. Peri-prosthetic fractures were not observed. We report excellent results with respect to subsidence, the risk of fracture, and loosening after femoral revision using a modular curved revision stem with distal cone-in-cone fixation. A successful outcome depends on careful pre-operative planning and the use of a transfemoral approach when the anatomy is distorted or a fracture is imminent, or residual cement or a partially-secured existing stem cannot be removed. The shortest appropriate stem should, in our opinion, be used and secured with > 3 cm fixation at the femoral isthmus, and distal interlocking screws should be used for additional stability when this goal cannot be realised.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, D-71706 Markgröningen, Germany
| | - K Urbansky
- Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, D-71706 Markgröningen, Germany
| | - P Schuster
- Orthopaedic Clinic Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, D-71706 Markgröningen, Germany
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Fink
- Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen
| | - R. Lass
- Universitätsklinik für Orthopädie, Medizinische Universität Wien
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis of the knee joints is rarely seen only in the femoropatellar joint. In isolated severe osteoarthritis of the femoropatellar joint an isolated prosthetic joint replacement of this joint is indicated. To achieve good results, correct patient selection with no arthritis in the femorotibial joint and absence of maltracking and instability of the patella are crucial. Modern prostheses with a femoral onlay component and a proper surgical technique with correct alignment of the prosthetic component and prevention of an overstuffing of the patella are essential. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-three Vanguard Prostheses (Biomet GmbH, Warsaw, IL) were examined after a follow-up of 3.7 ± 2.8 (1-8) years. RESULTS The Knee Society score increased from 117.3 points preoperative to 181.2 points at the follow-up. One knee was revised because of neuropathic pain. Two patients suffered from periprosthetic patellar fractures after falling. CONCLUSION In well indicated cases with isolated osteoarthritis of the femoropatellar joint, good clinical results with a femoropatellar prosthesis can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen
| | - C Schwenninger
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen
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18
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Dahlhoff M, Pfister S, Blutke A, Rozman J, Klingenspor M, Deutsch MJ, Rathkolb B, Fink B, Gimpfl M, Hrabě de Angelis M, Roscher AA, Wolf E, Ensenauer R. Peri-conceptional obesogenic exposure induces sex-specific programming of disease susceptibilities in adult mouse offspring. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014. [PMID: 24275555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.ll.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Vulnerability of the fetus upon maternal obesity can potentially occur during all developmental phases. We aimed at elaborating longer-term health outcomes of fetal overnutrition during the earliest stages of development. We utilized Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice to induce pre-conceptional and gestational obesity and followed offspring outcomes in the absence of any postnatal obesogenic influences. Male adult offspring developed overweight, insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia, hyperuricemia and hepatic steatosis; all these features were not observed in females. Instead, they showed impaired fasting glucose and a reduced fat mass and adipocyte size. Influences of the interaction of maternal diet∗sex concerned offspring genes involved in fatty liver disease, lipid droplet size regulation and fat mass expansion. These data suggest that a peri-conceptional obesogenic exposure is sufficient to shape offspring gene expression patterns and health outcomes in a sex- and organ-specific manner, indicating varying developmental vulnerabilities between sexes towards metabolic disease in response to maternal overnutrition.
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Key Words
- ANOVA
- ATP citrate lyase
- AUC
- Acaca
- Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 1
- Acly
- Actb
- Analysis of variance
- Area under the curve
- B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2
- BW
- Bax
- Bcl2
- Bcl2-associated X protein
- Berardinelli–Seip congenital lipodystrophy 2 (also known as seipin)
- Beta-actin
- Body weight
- Bscl2
- CD
- CET
- CT
- Carbon dioxide production
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1
- Cd36
- Cd36 antigen
- Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit-like effector A
- Central European Time
- Cidea
- Computed tomography
- Control diet
- Cpt1
- Day post coitum
- EEC
- European Economic Commission
- Exposure to maternal control diet
- Exposure to maternal high-fat, high-calorie diet
- FA
- Fabp4
- Fasn
- Fatty acid
- Fatty acid binding protein 4
- Fatty acid synthase
- GR
- GTT
- Glucocorticoid receptor
- Glucose tolerance test
- H&E
- HFD
- HMW
- HOMA-IR
- HP
- Hairy and enhancer of split 1
- Heat production
- Hematoxylin–eosin
- Hes1
- High-fat, high-calorie diet
- High-molecular-weight
- Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
- Lep
- Leptin
- MD
- MDA
- MRI
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Maintenance diet
- Malic enzyme 1
- Malondialdehyde
- Me1
- Mesoderm-specific transcript/imprinted paternally expressed gene 1 (also known as Peg1)
- Mest
- N
- NAFLD
- NEFA
- NMRI
- NRL
- Naval Medical Research Institute
- Nitrogen
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Non-esterified fatty acid
- Nose–rump-length
- Nr1h3
- Nr3c1
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 (also known as Lxra, liver X receptor alpha)
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (also known as Gr, glucocorticoid receptor)
- Obesity
- Offspring
- Oxygen consumption
- PFA
- Paraformaldehyde
- Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (also known as Atgl, adipose triglyceride lipase)
- Peptidylprolyl isomerase A
- Peri-conceptional
- Perilipin 2
- Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
- Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma
- Plin2
- Pnpla2
- Ppara
- Pparg
- Ppia
- Pregnancy
- Programming
- RER
- ROI
- Region of interest
- Respiratory exchange ratio
- S.e.m.
- Scd2
- Secreted frizzled-related sequence protein 5
- Sex-specificity
- Sfrp5
- Srebf1
- Standard error of the mean
- Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 2
- Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1
- TBARS
- Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
- Ube2d2
- Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 2
- VCO(2)
- VO(2)
- dpc
- mat-CD
- mat-HFD
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - S Pfister
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - A Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
| | - J Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - M Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - M J Deutsch
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - B Rathkolb
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - B Fink
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Gimpfl
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany; Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - A A Roscher
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - E Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - R Ensenauer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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19
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Dahlhoff M, Pfister S, Blutke A, Rozman J, Klingenspor M, Deutsch MJ, Rathkolb B, Fink B, Gimpfl M, Hrabě de Angelis M, Roscher AA, Wolf E, Ensenauer R. Peri-conceptional obesogenic exposure induces sex-specific programming of disease susceptibilities in adult mouse offspring. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1842:304-17. [PMID: 24275555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vulnerability of the fetus upon maternal obesity can potentially occur during all developmental phases. We aimed at elaborating longer-term health outcomes of fetal overnutrition during the earliest stages of development. We utilized Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice to induce pre-conceptional and gestational obesity and followed offspring outcomes in the absence of any postnatal obesogenic influences. Male adult offspring developed overweight, insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia, hyperuricemia and hepatic steatosis; all these features were not observed in females. Instead, they showed impaired fasting glucose and a reduced fat mass and adipocyte size. Influences of the interaction of maternal diet∗sex concerned offspring genes involved in fatty liver disease, lipid droplet size regulation and fat mass expansion. These data suggest that a peri-conceptional obesogenic exposure is sufficient to shape offspring gene expression patterns and health outcomes in a sex- and organ-specific manner, indicating varying developmental vulnerabilities between sexes towards metabolic disease in response to maternal overnutrition.
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Key Words
- ANOVA
- ATP citrate lyase
- AUC
- Acaca
- Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 1
- Acly
- Actb
- Analysis of variance
- Area under the curve
- B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2
- BW
- Bax
- Bcl2
- Bcl2-associated X protein
- Berardinelli–Seip congenital lipodystrophy 2 (also known as seipin)
- Beta-actin
- Body weight
- Bscl2
- CD
- CET
- CT
- Carbon dioxide production
- Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1
- Cd36
- Cd36 antigen
- Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit-like effector A
- Central European Time
- Cidea
- Computed tomography
- Control diet
- Cpt1
- Day post coitum
- EEC
- European Economic Commission
- Exposure to maternal control diet
- Exposure to maternal high-fat, high-calorie diet
- FA
- Fabp4
- Fasn
- Fatty acid
- Fatty acid binding protein 4
- Fatty acid synthase
- GR
- GTT
- Glucocorticoid receptor
- Glucose tolerance test
- H&E
- HFD
- HMW
- HOMA-IR
- HP
- Hairy and enhancer of split 1
- Heat production
- Hematoxylin–eosin
- Hes1
- High-fat, high-calorie diet
- High-molecular-weight
- Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
- Lep
- Leptin
- MD
- MDA
- MRI
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Maintenance diet
- Malic enzyme 1
- Malondialdehyde
- Me1
- Mesoderm-specific transcript/imprinted paternally expressed gene 1 (also known as Peg1)
- Mest
- N
- NAFLD
- NEFA
- NMRI
- NRL
- Naval Medical Research Institute
- Nitrogen
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- Non-esterified fatty acid
- Nose–rump-length
- Nr1h3
- Nr3c1
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 (also known as Lxra, liver X receptor alpha)
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (also known as Gr, glucocorticoid receptor)
- Obesity
- Offspring
- Oxygen consumption
- PFA
- Paraformaldehyde
- Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (also known as Atgl, adipose triglyceride lipase)
- Peptidylprolyl isomerase A
- Peri-conceptional
- Perilipin 2
- Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
- Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma
- Plin2
- Pnpla2
- Ppara
- Pparg
- Ppia
- Pregnancy
- Programming
- RER
- ROI
- Region of interest
- Respiratory exchange ratio
- S.e.m.
- Scd2
- Secreted frizzled-related sequence protein 5
- Sex-specificity
- Sfrp5
- Srebf1
- Standard error of the mean
- Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 2
- Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1
- TBARS
- Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
- Ube2d2
- Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 2
- VCO(2)
- VO(2)
- dpc
- mat-CD
- mat-HFD
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dahlhoff
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - S Pfister
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - A Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
| | - J Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - M Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else-Kröner Fresenius Center, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
| | - M J Deutsch
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - B Rathkolb
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - B Fink
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Gimpfl
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany; Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - A A Roscher
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - E Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - R Ensenauer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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Abstract
For revision of hip prostheses several standard and extended approaches can be used. The goal of these approaches is a good visualisation with minimal trauma of the bone and its vascularisation as well as of the muscles. Of the extended approaches we prefer the transfemoral approach in a modified technique. This approach is indicated when the stem of the endoprosthesis is broken, when the femoral axis has shifted because of stem loosening, or when the bone has become noticeably thin, which by itself or in combination would greatly increase the risk of an intraoperative fracture or perforation. Similarly, it is indicated in cases in which the cement mantle was stable, when a periprosthetic fracture of Vancouver B2 or B3 type is present or when a loose cementless stem with a coarsely porous surface cannot be removed in an endofemoral manner. In a published study of 68 patients with hip revisions using this modified transfemoral approach, we could see a continuous increase of the Harris hip score from 41.4 points preoperatively to 85.9 points 24 months postoperatively. Healing of the bony flap was seen in 98.5 % of the cases. Two postoperative non-dislocated trochanter fractures could be treated conservatively. The transfemoral approach is an extended approach with sparing of the gluteal muscles and the vasto-gluteal sling. Reproducible good clinical results can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröninigen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, Markgröningen.
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21
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22
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Repair of a chronic rupture with a defect of the gluteus medius muscle with or without a total hip replacement. Improvement of gait and limping by functional stabilization of the pelvis. Reduction of pain in the region of the greater trochanter. INDICATIONS Chronic rupture with a defect of the gluteus medius. CONTRAINDICATIONS Complete bony defect and absence of the greater trochanter and hip infection. OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE Lateral positioning of the patient. Longitudinal incision of 12-15 cm over the greater trochanter. Preparation to the fascia and longitudinal incision slightly dorsal to the greater trochanter. Preparation and mobilization of the ruptured parts of the gluteal muscles. Smoothening of the insertion of the gluteal muscle. Transosseus fixation of the ventral part of the ruptured gluteal muscles using fiber wires (Arthrex, Munich, Germany) with a Mason-Allen technique. Suturing of the mobilized posterior part of the ruptured gluteal muscle on the resutured ventral gluteal part. Securing of the readaptation by suturing a nonresorbable collagen patch (Zimmer, Winterthur, Switzerland) in a rhomboid direction with nonresorbable sutures (Ethibond, Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany). Wound closure. POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT: Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis. Early functional mobilization. Continuous increase of weight bearing over a period of 6 weeks and 6 weeks no adduction or active abduction. RESULTS Ten patients (9 women, 1 man; age 73.4 ± 12.3 years) showed significant improvement of their symptoms after 1 year. All were pain free and did not need crutches anymore. Four could walk without any limping and in 6 slight limping was observed. The Harris Hip Score increased from 47.5 ± 9.5 points preoperative to 85.2 ± 7.6 points 1 year postoperative. Complications were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706, Markgröningen, Deutschland.
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Abstract
Although there is evidence that perception of facial age, health and attractiveness is informed by shape characteristics as well as by visible skin condition, studies on the latter have focused almost exclusively on female skin. Recent research, however, suggests that a decrease in skin colour homogeneity leads to older, less healthy and less attractive ratings of facial skin in both women and men. Here, we elaborate on the significance of the homogeneity of visible skin colouration in men by testing the hypothesis that perception of age, health and attractiveness of (non-contextual) digitally isolated fields of cheek skin only can predict that of whole facial images. Facial digital images of 160 British men (all Caucasian) aged between 10 and 70 were blind-rated for age, health and attractiveness by a total of 147 men and 154 women (mean age = 22.95, SD = 4.26), and these ratings were related to those of corresponding images of cheek skin reported by Fink et al. (J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. in press). Linear regression analysis showed that age, health and attractiveness perception of men's faces could be predicted by the ratings of cheek skin only, such that older men were viewed as older, less healthy and less attractive. This result underlines once again the potent signalling role of skin in its own right, independent of shape or other factors and suggests strongly that visible skin condition, and skin colour homogeneity in particular, plays a significant role in the perception of men's faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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24
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Abstract
The mini-posterior approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) belongs to the mini-incision approaches. In comparison to standard approaches, less muscle trauma resulting in less pain, less blood loss and faster rehabilitation in the early postoperative period are attributed to this approach, as known for all other minimally invasive approaches. In a prospective study of 100 cases of THA it could be shown that this is true when comparing the mini-posterior approach with the posterolateral approach. Lower levels of muscle enzymes as a parameter for muscle trauma, could not be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen gGmbH, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706, Markgröningen, Deutschland.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Abteilung für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine- und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen GmbH, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706, Markgröningen, Deutschland.
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Fink B, Schäfer P, Frommelt L. [Logistic requirements and biopsy of periprosthetic infections: what should be taken into consideration?]. Orthopade 2012; 41:15-9. [PMID: 22273702 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-011-1836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic infections is particularly important before revision of knee and hip arthroplasties because of the therapeutic consequences. Therefore, periprosthetic infections should be ruled out before any revision surgery is performed. Of the different diagnostic methods direct techniques which allow the direct detection of microorganisms with testing of antibiotic sensitivity are recommended. This allows microorganism-specific systemic and local antibiotic therapies and helps to reduce the risk of development of resistance. In our studies it could be shown that the time for incubation to detect microorganisms should be 14 days and that biopsy of periprosthetic tissues is superior to aspiration alone because it combines several diagnostic methods (microbiological and histological). It is preferable to repeating an aspiration when data are unclear, i.e. in cases of potentially false positives or negatives results of aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706 Markgröningen, Deutschland.
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Fink B, Matts PJ, D'Emiliano D, Bunse L, Weege B, Röder S. Colour homogeneity and visual perception of age, health and attractiveness of male facial skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:1486-92. [PMID: 22044626 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visible facial skin condition in females is known to affect perception of age, health and attractiveness. Skin colour distribution in shape- and topography-standardized female faces, driven by localized melanin and haemoglobin, can account for up to twenty years of apparent age perception. Although this is corroborated by an ability to discern female age even in isolated, non-contextual skin images, a similar effect in the perception of male skin is yet to be demonstrated. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of skin colour homogeneity and chromophore distribution on the visual perception of age, health and attractiveness of male facial skin. METHODS Cropped images from the cheeks of facial images of 160 Caucasian British men aged 10-70 years were blind-rated for age, health and attractiveness by a total of 308 participants. In addition, the homogeneity of skin images and corresponding eumelanin/oxyhaemoglobin concentration maps were analysed objectively using Haralick's image segmentation algorithm. RESULTS Isolated skin images taken from the cheeks of younger males were judged as healthier and more attractive. Perception of age, health and attractiveness was strongly related to melanin and haemoglobin distribution, whereby more even distributions led to perception of younger age and greater health and attractiveness. The evenness of melanized features was a stronger cue for age perception, whereas haemoglobin distribution was associated more strongly with health and attractiveness perception. CONCLUSIONS Male skin colour homogeneity, driven by melanin and haemoglobin distribution, influences perception of age, health and attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Göettingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Fink B, Matts PJ, Röder S, Johnson R, Burquest M. Differences in visual perception of age and attractiveness of female facial and body skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2010; 33:126-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
It was once widely believed that standards of beauty were arbitrarily variable. Recent research suggests, however, that people's views of facial attractiveness are remarkably consistent, regardless of race, nationality or age. Facial characteristics are known to influence human attractiveness judgements and evolutionary psychologists suggest that these characteristics all pertain to health, leading to the conclusion that humans have evolved to view certain bodily features as attractive because the features were displayed by healthy others. Here we review some of the fundamental principles of sexual selection theory that apply to human beauty and summarize the major findings of human beauty perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department for Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
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Rehart S, Grebe P, Schill S, Fink B. Endoprothetik am rheumatisch destruierten oberen Sprunggelenk – Historie und Zukunftsoptionen. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1249664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Evolutionary psychology suggests that certain human beauty standards have evolved to provide reliable cues of fertility and health. Hence, preferences for some physical characteristics of the face and body are thought to reflect adaptations for the promotion of mate choice. Studies that have investigated facial attractiveness have concentrated mainly on features such as symmetry, averageness and sex-typical traits, which are developed under the influence of sex steroids. Few studies, however, have addressed the effect of human skin condition on perception of facial appearance in this context, and possible implications for sexual selection. There is now accumulating evidence that skin pigmentation and skin surface topography cues, particularly in women, have a significant influence on attractiveness judgements, as they seem primarily to signal aspects of age and health. This article (i) reviews briefly some of the main determinants of visible skin condition, (ii) presents recent evidence on its signalling value in face perception and (iii) suggests areas for future research with reference to an evolutionary psychology framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Samson
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Fink B, Neave N, Manning JT. Second to fourth digit ratio, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-chest ratio: their relationships in heterosexual men and women. Ann Hum Biol 2009; 30:728-38. [PMID: 14675912 DOI: 10.1080/03014460310001620153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal sex steroids have been broadly discussed in terms of their possible effect on brain differentiation, whereas pubertal/adult sex hormones are thought to be the main regulators of sexually dimorphic physical features in males and females. Assessing prenatal steroid exposure has previously been difficult but evidence now suggests that finger length ratio may provide a 'window' into prenatal hormone exposure. The length of the second digit (the index finger) relative to the length of the fourth digit (the ring finger) is sexually dimorphic as males have a lower second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D). The sexual dimorphism is determined as early as the 14th week of fetal life, and remains unchanged at puberty. There is evidence that sex differences in 2D:4D arise from in utero concentrations of sex steroids, with a low 2D:4D (male typical ratio) being positively related to prenatal testosterone, while a high 2D:4D (female typical ratio) is positively associated with prenatal oestrogen. AIM The studied aimed to determine whether, and to what extent, adult sexually dimorphic physical traits, which are largely determined at puberty, relate to traits that are largely determined in utero. This work examined the relationship between three sexually dimorphic traits--body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-chest ratio (WCR)--and digit ratio. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS BMI, WHR and WCR were assessed in 30 heterosexual male and 50 heterosexual female participants by recording their body height, weight, and measuring their waist, hip and chest circumference. Digit lengths of the second and fourth fingers were measured from photocopies of the ventral surface of the hand and by actual finger measurements. RESULTS Digit ratio was found to be significantly lower in men than in women. Significant negative correlations were found between female's left and right hand 2D:4D, waist and hip circumference, and WCR. In males, BMI was found to be positively related to digit ratio but remained significant only for left hand 2D:4D. Generally, the relationships were stronger for females than for males. Although not all relationships were found to be significant, they were in accord with our predictions. CONCLUSION In addition to an activational effect of sex hormones at puberty, the present data suggest an early organizational effect of sex hormones through the association between indices of female body shape, male BMI, and human finger length patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute of Urban Ethology, University of Vienna, Austria.
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Fink B, Schmidtges J, Davidoff M, Rüther W. Wie anatomisch sind die gängigen Ellenbogen-Endoprothesen ? AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fink B, Makowiak C, Fuerst M, Berger I, Schäfer P, Frommelt L. The value of synovial biopsy, joint aspiration and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of late peri-prosthetic infection of total knee replacements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 90:874-8. [PMID: 18591595 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.90b7.20417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We analysed the serum C-reactive protein level, synovial fluid obtained by joint aspiration and five synovial biopsies from 145 knee replacements prior to revision to assess the value of these parameters in diagnosing late peri-prosthetic infection. Five further synovial biopsies were used for histological analysis. Samples were also obtained during the revision and incubated and analysed in an identical manner for 14 days. A total of 40 total knee replacements were found to be infected (prevalence 27.6%). The aspiration technique had a sensitivity of 72.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 58.7 to 86.3), a specificity of 95.2% (95% CI 91.2 to 99.2), a positive predictive value of 85.3% (95% CI 73.4 to 100), a negative predictive value of 90.1% (95% CI 84.5 to 95.7) and an accuracy of 89%. The biopsy technique had a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 98.1% (95% CI 95.5 to 100), a positive predictive value of 95.2% (95% CI 88.8 to 100), a negative predictive value of 100% and an accuracy of 98.6%. C-reactive protein with a cut-off-point of 13.5 mg/l had a sensitivity of 72.5% (95% CI 58.7 to 86.3), a specificity of 80.9% (95% CI 73.4 to 88.4), a positive predictive value of 59.2% (95% CI 45.4 to 73.0), a negative predictive value of 88.5% (95% 81.0 to 96.0 CI) and an accuracy of 78.1%. We found that biopsy was superior to joint aspiration and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of late peri-prosthetic infection of total knee replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department of Joint Replacement, General and Rheumatic Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Clinic, Markgröningen, Kurt-Lindemann-Weg 10, 71706 Markgröningen, Germany.
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Szczotka-Flynn L, Slaughter M, McMahon T, Barr J, Edrington T, Fink B, Lass J, Belin M, Iyengar SK. Disease severity and family history in keratoconus. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:1108-11. [PMID: 18653604 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.130294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine if disease severity is associated with a family history of keratoconus. METHODS Markers of disease severity in the CLEK Study cohort were assessed to determine if they could discriminate individuals with and without family history. Logistic regression was used to examine association between corneal scarring, average corneal power, flat and steep keratometry readings, and higher-order root mean square (RMS) wavefront error with family history. RESULTS In univariate analyses, none of the severity indices had any significant associations with family history; however, contact lens use, gender, and Caucasian race were found to be significant predictors. After controlling for these confounders, there were no significant associations between any severity indices and family history. CONCLUSIONS Presence or absence of family history is not associated with more severe clinical disease, at least when each marker for severity is considered independently. The results of this analysis are important for genetic studies of keratoconus in that it will allow recruitment of keratoconus patients across all stages of disease severity because it does not influence familial aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Szczotka-Flynn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Strauss J, Rüther W, Fink B, Tillmann K. Biomechanische Aspekte der Resektions-Interpositions-Arthroplastik am rheumatischen Schultergelenk. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1043703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
According to evolutionary psychology, the preference for some facial characteristics reflects adaptations for mate choice because they signal aspects of mate quality. Although morphological features such as facial symmetry and sexually dimorphic traits have been studied extensively in recent years, little is known about skin condition in this context. The preferences for young and healthy looking skin could offer an explanation as to why women place such an importance on the condition of their skin and its refinement through e.g., cosmetic products. Recent research showed that facial skin colour distribution significantly influences the perception of age and attractiveness of female faces, independent of skin surface topography cues. However, the relative effect of skin colour distribution and topography cues on age and health perception remains to be investigated. We present data showing that both skin colour distribution and skin surface topography cues not only significantly influence the perception of female facial age and health but also convey differential information with regard to the strength of these effects. Our data indicate that skin surface topography cues account for a large proportion of variation in facial age perception, whereas skin colour distribution seems to be a stronger health cue.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, Institute of Zoology & Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
Luxation and excessive wear of the mobile bearing in modern three-piece total ankle replacement (TAR) is reported. We conducted a systematic review of studies to explore and discuss the rate and causes of these complications.A systematic review of studies since 2000 showed 26 studies with altogether 1,318 followed up TARs which we analyzed. Of these 1,318 TARs, 188 (14.3%) were revised and 56 (4.2%) complications with the mobile bearing were reported. A total of 39 cases (3%), i.e., 20.7% of all revisions, were revised due to failure of the mobile bearing, including 17 cases with subluxation (1.3%), 15 with asymmetric load of the bearing (1.1%), 10 with fracture of the polyethylene (PE) inlay (0.76%), 7 with massive PE wear (0.53%), and 7 with luxation of the meniscal bearing (0.53%).Complications due to the meniscal mobile bearing in TARs such as luxation, subluxation, massive wear, and fracture of the PE inlay are rare complications. The cause of these complications is regularly not found in the design of this three-piece total ankle replacement. Causes of failure of the mobile bearing are mostly found in incorrect indication, incorrect soft tissue balancing, incorrect positioning of components, implantation in ankles with hindfoot malalignment and ankle instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Hoffmann
- Abteilung Endoprothetik, Allgemeine Orthopädie und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen, Markgröningen, Deutschland.
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Fink B, Felbecker A, Dorst J, Gdynia HJ, Sperfeld AD, Ludolph AC, Kühnlein P. Effektivität der nichtinvasiven intermittierenden Maskenheimbeatmung bei Patienten mit amyotropher Lateralsklerose – Ergebnisse der Ulmer Heimbeatmungsdatenbank. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
AIM AND METHOD To analyse the femoral fixation of a modular cementless revision endoprosthesis, eight prosthetic combinations of the Revitan-System (Centerpulse, Winterthur, Switzerland) were implanted in four cadavers. On three cadavers a curved revision Revitan stem was implanted by an endofemoral approach on one side and by a transfemoral approach on the contralateral side. On the fourth cadaver a straight Revitan stem was implanted on one side and a curved Revitan stem on the contralateral side using a transfemoral approach. Transversal slides of 7-8 mm thickness were performed at the fixation areas of each implant and the implant-bone contact was analysed macroscopically and using contact radiography. RESULTS The straight stem implanted by a transfemoral approach showed a double-conical press-fit fixation with cutting of the eight longitudinal fins into the cortical bone. The curved revision stems implanted by the same approach had a circular surface fixation similar to the press-fit fixation of the straight stem. In contrast, the curved stems implanted by the endofemoral approach (without a window) showed a three-surface fixation. Hereby the two distal fixation areas led to the primary implant stability by three of the four double edges of the octagonal cross-sectional area cutting into the cortical bone. At the proximal fixation zone the implant only had contact of two implant double edges to the cortical bone. CONCLUSION Different approaches for implantation lead to different fixation techniques of a curved revision stem. This should be considered by analysing postoperative sintering rates of cementless revision stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Klinik für Endoprothetik, Allgemeine und Rheumaorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The ratio of the lengths of the 2nd and 4th digit (2D:4D) is negatively related to prenatal and adult concentrations of testosterone (T). Testosterone appears to be a protective against myocardial infarction (MI) in men as men with low 2D:4D are older at first MI than men with high 2D:4D, and men with coronary artery disease have lower T levels than men with normal angiograms. Neck circumference (NC), a simple and time-saving screening measure to identify obesity is reported to be positively correlated with the factors of the metabolic syndrome, a complex breakdown of normal physiology characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, and is therefore likely to increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVE To investigate possible associations between 2D:4D ratios and NC in men and women. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES 2D:4D ratios, NC, along with measures of waist and hip circumferences, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio was recorded from 127 men and 117 women. RESULTS A significant positive correlation between 2D:4D and NC and was found for men but not for women after controlling for body mass index (BMI); the higher the ratio the higher the NC. DISCUSSION This finding supports the suggestion of NC to serve as a predictor for increased risk for CHD as previously suggested. In addition, the present association suggests a predisposition for men towards CHD via 2D:4D as proxy to early sex-steroid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fink
- Department for Sociobiology/Anthropology, Institute for Zoology & Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
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Berger I, Weckauf H, Helmchen B, Ehemann V, Penzel R, Fink B, Bernd L, Autschbach F. Rheumatoid arthritis and pigmented villonodular synovitis: comparative analysis of cell polyploidy, cell cycle phases and expression of macrophage and fibroblast markers in proliferating synovial cells. Histopathology 2005; 46:490-7. [PMID: 15842630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.01959.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) are aggressive diseases with progressive joint destruction. The present study aims to define cell cycle phases, polyploidy and the immunophenotype of proliferating synovial cells in both diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS Synovial tissues from patients with proliferative-active RA, localized and diffuse PVNS were analysed by DNA flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence with confocal laser scan microscopy. Expression of macrophage markers (CD68/CD163), fibroblast markers (h4Ph/CD55) and Ki67 antigen was examined. Synovial cells positive for either macrophage or fibroblast markers as well as double-labelled cells were found in both RA and PVNS. In RA, CD68/CD163+ synoviocytes were preferentially located in the vicinity of the synovial lining layer, while they were more randomly distributed in PVNS. Of cases with diffuse PVNS, 20% showed an aneuploid cell pattern. All samples of localized PVNS and RA were diploid. Proliferative activity was significantly higher in aneuploid PVNS. CONCLUSIONS In spite of their histologically homogeneous appearance, proliferating synovial cells display a heterogeneous immunophenotype in both RA and PVNS, indicating functional properties of both macrophages and fibroblasts. Aneuploidy seems to be a special feature of diffuse PVNS.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/physiopathology
- Biomarkers/analysis
- CD55 Antigens/analysis
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA/genetics
- DNA/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/chemistry
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Ki-67 Antigen/analysis
- Macrophages/chemistry
- Macrophages/pathology
- Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/analysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis
- Synovial Membrane/chemistry
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/genetics
- Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/metabolism
- Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- I Berger
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Fuerst M, Fink B, Rüther W. Die Wertigkeit von präoperativer Punktion und arthroskopischer Synovialisprobenentnahme bei Knietotalendoprothesenwechsel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 143:36-41. [PMID: 15754230 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-836252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM The accurate preoperative diagnosis of occult sepsis in endoprosthetic loosening of total knee arthroplasty is the key to successful management of revision total knee arthroplasties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of preoperative aspiration in comparison with preoperative arthroscopic biopsy of the synovial tissue. METHOD From 2000 to 2004 eighty-six revision total knee arthroplasties in 86 patients were performed. 60 patients had only a knee aspiration, 15 an arthroscopic biopsy and an aspiration, 11 only arthroscopic biopsy. The results of both methods were compared with the intraoperative cultures during revision surgery. RESULTS 69 aseptic and 17 septic knee exchange arthroplasties were performed. The preoperative aspiration of the prosthetic knee joint had a sensitivity of 68.8 %, specificity of 96.6 %, positive predictive value of 84.5 % and a negative predictive value of 92.2 %. The preoperative arthroscopic biopsy had a sensitivity of 100 %, specificity of 94.7 %, positive predictive value of 87.4 % and a negative predictive value of 100 %. CONCLUSION Preoperative aspiration of the knee is a very helpful study for the diagnosis or exclusion of infection in a prosthetic knee joint and should be a standard procedure in the diagnosis of prosthetic loosening. If after aspiration a suspicion of infection remains, then the biopsy is an accurate procedure to diagnose or exclude periprosthetic sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fuerst
- Rheumaklinik Bad Bramstedt, Orthopädische Krankenhausabteilung.
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Schneider TL, Schmidt-Wiethoff R, Drescher W, Fink B, Schmidt J, Appell HJ. The significance of subacromial arthrography to verify partial bursal-side rotator cuff ruptures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2003; 123:481-4. [PMID: 12720009 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-003-0492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2001] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to verify a partial bursa-side rupture of the rotator cuff (RC) using different imaging techniques with special emphasis on the validity of a specific method of subacromial arthrography (SAA). METHODS Patients (n=92, mean age 53.8 years) with a subacromial impingement syndrome underwent sonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and SAA. All diagnostic results were checked by subsequent arthroscopic surgery. RESULTS Of 31 surgically verified ruptures, 17 showed a partial rupture located towards the bursa. These had been detected by MRI and ultrasound with a sensitivity of 64% and 41%, respectively, while SAA as a diagnostic tool yielded a sensitivity of 82%. In 14 cases of complete RC ruptures, all imaging techniques had a similar sensitivity of 86-93%. CONCLUSION It appears that SAA is an adequate and valid diagnostic tool for the detection of partial bursa-sided RC ruptures. Ultrasound and MRI showed a comparably lower sensitivity. It is therefore concluded that SAA has clear advantages in the diagnosis of this defect with the consequence that open surgical techniques can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Schneider
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Sport Traumatology, Dreifaltigkeitskrankenhaus, Aachenerstr. 445-449, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
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Muscarella F, Fink B, Grammer K, Kirk-Smith M. Homosexual orientation in males: evolutionary and ethological aspects. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001; 22:393-400. [PMID: 11781535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2001] [Accepted: 12/02/2001] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary theory proposes that adaptive traits are reproduced more successfully than maladaptive traits. Accordingly, natural selection should favor heterosexuality as it facilitates reproduction and the propagation of genes. However, the question becomes, what has maintained homosexuality in a small but consistent percentage of the human population? Research into the evolutionary and hormonal factors associated with a homosexual orientation have yielded provocative but inconsistent results. It also suggests that human sexual orientation, and in particular homosexual orientation, is too complex to be described by one simple model or a single research discipline. The current paper treads a new path and emphasizes an integrative approach for the understanding of homosexuality. The authors examine the combined effects of evolutionary factors and neurohormonal processes on the development of a homosexual orientation. It is suggested that research into the topic could benefit from an examination of and change in some of the assumptions upon which much past research has been based.
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Kohl JV, Atzmueller M, Fink B, Grammer K. Human pheromones: integrating neuroendocrinology and ethology. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2001; 22:309-21. [PMID: 11600881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2001] [Accepted: 09/10/2001] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The effect of sensory input on hormones is essential to any explanation of mammalian behavior, including aspects of physical attraction. The chemical signals we send have direct and developmental effects on hormone levels in other people. Since we don t know either if, or how, visual cues might have direct and developmental effects on hormone levels in other people, the biological basis for the development of visually perceived human physical attraction is currently somewhat questionable. In contrast, the biological basis for the development of physical attraction based on chemical signals is well detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Kohl
- JVK Resources, Inc. Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
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Müllenheim J, Müller S, Laber U, Thämer V, Meyer W, Bassenge E, Fink B, Kojda G. The effect of high-dose pentaerythritol tetranitrate on the development of nitrate tolerance in rabbits. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2001; 364:269-75. [PMID: 11521170 DOI: 10.1007/s002100100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2001] [Accepted: 06/22/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies with therapeutic doses of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) have shown unexpected actions such as a lack of nitrate tolerance and vasoprotective effects in atherosclerosis. We investigated the effect of a 3-week treatment with low- (6 mg kg(-1) day(-1), n=10) and high-dose (100 mg kg(-1) day(-1), n=10) oral PETN given twice daily on the development of nitrate tolerance in rabbits. We measured aortic relaxation in response to acetylcholine, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine and PETN, constriction in response to phenylephrine and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mean aortic pressure (AOPmean) and heart rate were measured after a single oral dose of PETN (50 mg kg(-1), n=6) and after increasing doses of pentaerythritol dinitrate (PEDN, n=5) and pentaerythritol mononitrate (PEMN, n=5) in anaesthetized rabbits. Oral PETN, even at high dosage, was not associated with nitrate tolerance. None of the aortic ring studies showed a difference in the responses to the vasodilators, while the vasoconstriction to phenylephrine was slightly reduced in both PETN groups. The production of vascular ROS was also not different. Oral PETN reduced AOPmean transiently (-19.3+/-4.4%, P<0.01 vs. controls) and i.v. administration of both PEMN and PEDN reduced AOPmean dose dependently (P<0.05, ANOVA). These results suggest that oral PETN elicits minor nitrate tolerance. This unique feature might be due to the slow onset of vasodilator activity of the predominantly active metabolites PEDN and PEMN and might contribute to the vasoprotective activity of PETN in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Müllenheim
- Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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