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Lane H, Saunders R, Crookes K, Ang SGM, Bulsara C, Bulsara MK, Ewens B, Gallagher O, Gullick K, Haydon S, Hughes J, Nguyen KH, Seaman K, Etherton-Beer C. Prevalence of frailty and pain in hospitalised cancer patients: implications for older adult care. Intern Med J 2024; 54:671-674. [PMID: 38450876 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A hospital-wide point prevalence study investigated frailty and pain in patients with a cancer-related admission. Modifiable factors associated with frailty in people with cancer were determined through logistic regression. Forty-eight patients (19%) with cancer-related admissions were 2.65 times more likely to be frail and 2.12 more likely to have moderate pain. Frailty and pain were highly prevalent among cancer-related admissions, reinforcing the need for frailty screening and importance of pain assessment for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Lane
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Crookes
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Seng G M Ang
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Beverley Ewens
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Olivia Gallagher
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Gullick
- Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Haydon
- Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeff Hughes
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- PainChek Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karla Seaman
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Down MJA, Picknoll D, Hoyne G, Piggott B, Bulsara C. e-Delphi in the outdoors: Stakeholder contributions to the development of a wellbeing-focused outdoor adventure education intervention program. Health Promot J Austr 2024; 35:470-480. [PMID: 37434344 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Outdoor adventure education (OAE) (programs involving outdoor activities such as rock climbing or white-water canoeing) that participants perceive as risky, conducted in a social support setting, can be utilised by practitioners to elicit changes in educational and psychosocial outcomes to support participant adolescent wellbeing. METHODS This study garnered the opinions of an expert OAE panel on the content of future programs aiming to impact adolescent wellbeing. The panel consisted of local (Western Australia, n = 7), national (Australia, n = 4), and international (Canada, Germany, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States, n = 7) experts. A two-round, mixed-methods Delphi approach was employed. Extensive formative work led to the development of a series of open-ended questions requiring qualitative responses for round one. Panellists were also asked to respond to 17 statements using Likert scales in the second round. RESULTS After analysis, a consensus was reached for all statements, with five statements having high consensus and being considered important by panellists. CONCLUSIONS The statement 'Equity for all participants requires flexible delivery and facilitation' had the highest level of agreement amongst panellists. Connections, authentic experiences, and equitable experiences developed as key themes. SO WHAT?: Future OAE interventions focused on wellbeing impact could use the findings of this research as a basis for program design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J A Down
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Duncan Picknoll
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Gerard Hoyne
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Ben Piggott
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
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3
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Truter P, Edgar D, Mountain D, Saggers A, Bulsara C. 'I just need to find out if I had broken something or not.' A qualitative descriptive study into patient decisions to present to an Emergency Department with a simple fracture. Int Emerg Nurs 2024; 73:101420. [PMID: 38408404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2024.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background To investigate what factors contribute to a working age adult with a simple fracture seeking care in an Australian metropolitan Emergency Department (ED) Methods In this Qualitative Descriptive study, we interviewed ED patients with simple fractures including 5th metacarpal, 5th metatarsal, toe, radial head and clavicle fractures. Results We interviewed 30 patients aged 18-65. Two thirds of participants were aware they might have a minor injury. Many were well informed health consumers and convenience was the most important decision-making factor. Participants focussed on organising imaging, diagnosis and immobilisation. This sequence of care was often perceived as more complex and inefficient in primary care. ED was trusted and preferred to urgent primary care with an unknown doctor. Some patients defaulted to attending ED without considering alternatives due to poor health system knowledge or from escalating anxiety. Conclusions ED is safe, free and equipped to manage simple and complex injuries. Patients would attend primary care if comprehensive fracture management was easily accessible from a trusted clinician. To effectively divert simple fracture presentations from ED, primary care requires collocated imaging, imaging interpretation, orthopaedic expertise, and fracture management resources. Services need to operate 7 days a week and must have accessible 'urgent' appointments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers Truter
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia; Fiona Stanley Hospital, Emergency Department, Perth, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Dale Edgar
- Safety and Quality Unit, Armadale Kalamunda Group Health Service, East Metropolitan Health Service, Mt Nasura, WA, Australia; Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia
| | - David Mountain
- Emergency Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Curtin University Medical School, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Annabel Saggers
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute of Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Australia
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Neylon S, Bulsara C, Bulsara MK, Hill AM. Can a Modified Environment Assessment Tool Guide Priorities for Minor Refurbishments at a Residential Aged Care Facility? J Aging Soc Policy 2024; 36:1-20. [PMID: 33433270 DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2020.1851434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This pilot study aimed to examine EVOLVE UK extra care housing tool in an Australian residential aged care minor refurbishment context. The tool's content validity was established with 34 subcategories (I-CVI ≥0.75) and 612 statements (n = 509 I-CVI ≥0.75) relevant. A subsequent audit indicated high concordance (Rho-C = 0.750 to 0.997) within four experts' ratings of the care facility and correlation (Kendall's τ-statistic) between raters ranged from strong (0.5 to 0.9) to very strong (0.9 to 1.0). Lighting was the highest refurbishment element represented (50.54%). Assessment can inform funding, demonstrate standards compliance, and the components of physical environment refurbishments which support resident function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Neylon
- PhD Candidate, School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Professor, Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- Professor, School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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Timler A, Bulsara C, Bulsara M, Vickery A, Jacques A, Codde J. Examining the use of cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-based medicine among individuals diagnosed with dementia living within residential aged care facilities: Results of a double-blind randomised crossover trial. Australas J Ageing 2023; 42:698-709. [PMID: 37321847 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dementia affects individuals older than 65 years. Currently, residential aged care facilities (RACF) use psychotropic medications to manage behavioural and neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia (BPSD), which are recommended for short-term use and have substantial side effects, including increased mortality. Cannabinoid-based medicines (CBM) have some benefits that inhibit BPSD and cause minimal adverse effects (AEs), yet limited research has been considered with this population. The study aimed to determine a tolerable CBM dose (3:2 delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol), and assessed its effect on BPSD, quality of life (QoL) and perceived pain. METHODS An 18-week randomised, double-blinded, crossover trial was conducted. Four surveys, collected on seven occasions, were used to measure changes in BPSD, QoL and pain. Qualitative data helped to understand attitudes towards CBM. General linear mixed models were used in the analysis, and the qualitative data were synthesised. RESULTS Twenty-one participants (77% female participants, mean age 85) took part in the trial. No significant differences were seen between the placebo and CBM for behaviour, QOL or pain, except a decrease in agitation at the end of treatment in favour of CBM. The qualitative findings suggested improved relaxation and sleep among some individuals. Post hoc estimates on the data collected suggested that 50 cases would draw stronger conclusions on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. CONCLUSIONS The study design was robust, rigorous and informed by RACF. The medication appeared safe, with minimal AEs experienced with CBM. Further studies incorporating larger samples when considering CBM would allow researchers to investigate the sensitivity of detecting BPSD changes within the complexity of the disease and concomitant with medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Timler
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
| | - Alistair Vickery
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
- Emerald Clinics, Fremantle, WA, USA
| | - Angela Jacques
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, USA
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Crookes K, Saunders R, Kemp V, Gallagher O, Ghosh M, Bulsara C, Gullick K, O'Connell B. Nurses' perceptions of using volunteer support in health care settings: A systematic scoping review. Int Nurs Rev 2023; 70:405-414. [PMID: 36271827 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To understand nurses' perceptions of volunteer support in health care settings. BACKGROUND Increasingly, volunteers provide specialised support to health care service users, requiring volunteers and nurses to work closely together. However, little is known about nurses' perceptions of volunteer support. METHODS A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A mixed-methods convergent integrative approach was taken guided by the JBI framework. Quantitative data were transformed into qualitative data for synthesis and descriptive thematic analysis. Six databases were searched (CINHAL+, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo, ProQuest Health and Medical Collection) on 24 January 2022 using terms related to nurses, perceptions, volunteers and care settings, followed by a manual search. The search was limited to English language articles published during 2000-2022. Studies were included if they reported nurses' perceptions of volunteers supporting care within any health care setting. RESULTS Of the 943 records identified, 12 met the inclusion criteria. All 12 were included in the review following critical appraisal. Five themes were identified: perceived benefits for patients, volunteers providing support for nursing staff, nurses' valuing volunteer support, nurses' understanding of the volunteer role and nurses' understanding of recruitment and training of volunteers. CONCLUSION Nurses generally viewed volunteer support positively and perceived that it benefitted patients and assisted nurses. Some nurses raised concerns about the burden of additional supervision of volunteers and lacked knowledge of the volunteer role, recruitment and training. Emerging innovative models of nurse-led volunteer support can maximise the contribution of volunteers and help overcome barriers to volunteer acceptance. IMPLICATIONS These findings will inform volunteer policies and provide guidance in developing volunteer support programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Crookes
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Vivien Kemp
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Olivia Gallagher
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Manonita Ghosh
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute of Health Research and School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Karen Gullick
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Bev O'Connell
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
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7
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Gilkes L, Bulsara C, Mavaddat N. Chronic non-cancer pain management - insights from Australian general practitioners: a qualitative descriptive study. Aust J Prim Health 2023; 29:365-374. [PMID: 36683146 DOI: 10.1071/py22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study explored the experiences and perceptions of GPs regarding the management of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Specifically, participants were asked to identify perceived enablers and barriers to CNCP care and how the care of patients with CNCP may be improved. METHODS The study utilised a qualitative descriptive methodology. General practice in Western Australia. The sample was purposive with 12 Australian GPs from predominantly metropolitan locations and with experience in managing CNCP. Semi structured interviews were conducted. Each interview was of 45-60min duration. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed using a secure transcription service. Thematic analysis developed themes inductively and deductively. RESULTS Themes emerged regarding: the importance of a holistic and personalised approach; the important role of a coordinating GP; the need for an evidence-based approach to opioid management; concerns relating to access to multidisciplinary services; the importance of clinician and patient education regarding CNCP; and an acknowledgement of the challenges for doctors and patients in managing CNCP. CONCLUSIONS Currently, the management of CNCP in Australia is challenging. Notable challenges include: difficulties with continuity of patient care; challenges with patient expectations of treatment, in particular opioid medications; difficulty with access to the health services required to enable holistic care; and the need for improved pain education in the community. The breadth of these challenges suggests there is a need for supportive organisational and structural considerations in the healthcare system to enable optimal care of CNCP in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Gilkes
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA 6959, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA 6959, Australia
| | - Nahal Mavaddat
- School of Medicine, Division of General Practice, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Down M, Picknoll D, Piggott B, Hoyne G, Bulsara C. "I love being in the outdoors": A qualitative descriptive study of outdoor adventure education program components for adolescent wellbeing. J Adolesc 2023. [PMID: 37226929 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This qualitative descriptive study gauged the perceptions of adolescent focus group participants and outdoor adventure education teachers on their preferred program components to improve adolescent wellbeing during a secondary school outdoor adventure education program. METHODS Five student focus groups (N = 29) and four key informant interviews were conducted. Manual clustering of transcripts and template thematic analysis involving the development of a priori codes from interview questions resulted in an initial deductive code frame, followed by an inductive coding process. FINDINGS Six themes were developed, namely perceptions of the outdoors, motivators for participation, barriers to participation, staff traits, and ideal program components. The main findings were that self-efficacy, resilience, and individual empowerment opportunities were highly valued. Students also valued autonomy and independence, which presented a challenge for teachers managing the risks of their programs. Social connections and relationships were also held in high regard. CONTRIBUTION Whilst adrenalin-fuelled adventurous activities such as white water canoeing or rock climbing were popular with students and staff, the most valued aspects of outdoor adventure education were the opportunities to develop relationships, build social connections, self-efficacy, resilience, and a sense of individual empowerment. Greater access to this style of education for adolescent students from lower socio-economic areas would be beneficial due to the extant "opportunity gap" for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Down
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Duncan Picknoll
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ben Piggott
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gerard Hoyne
- School of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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Piggott B, Chivers P, Sarasjärvi KK, Bhoyroo R, Lambert M, Millar L, Bulsara C, Codde J. Life in a time of COVID: retrospective examination of the association between physical activity and mental well-being in western Australians during and after lockdown. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:701. [PMID: 37060048 PMCID: PMC10103040 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine physical activity and sedentary behaviours during Western Australia's COVID-19 lockdown and their association with mental well-being. METHODS Participants completed activity related questions approximately two months after a three-month lockdown (which formed part of a larger cross-sectional study from August to October 2020) as part of a 25-minute questionnaire adapted from the Western Australia Health and Well-being Surveillance system. Open-ended questions explored key issues relating to physical activity behaviours. RESULTS During the lockdown period, 463 participants (female, n = 347; 75.3%) reported lower number of active days (W = 4.47 p < .001), higher non-work-related screen hours per week (W = 11.8 p < .001), and higher levels of sitting time (χ2=28.4 p < .001). Post lockdown body mass index was higher (U = 3.0 p = .003), with obese individuals reporting the highest non-work-related screen hours per week (Wald χ2= 8.9 p = .012). Inverse associations were found for mental well-being where higher lockdown scores of Kessler-10 (p = .011), Dass-21 anxiety (p = .027) and Dass-21 depression (p = .011) were associated with lower physical activity levels. A key qualitative message from participants was wanting to know how to stay healthy during lockdown. CONCLUSIONS Lockdown was associated with lower physical activity, higher non-work-related screen time and more sitting time compared to post lockdown which also reported higher body mass index. Lower levels of mental well-being were associated with lower physical activity levels during lockdown. Given the known positive affect of physical activity on mental well-being and obesity, and the detrimental associations shown in this study, a key public health message should be considered in an attempt to maintain healthy activity behaviours in future lockdowns and similar emergency situations to promote and maintain positive well-being. Furthermore, consideration should be given to the isolation of a community due to infectious disease outbreaks and to recognise the important role physical activity plays in maintaining weight and supporting good mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Piggott
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Midwifery & Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Nursing, Fremantle, Australia.
| | - Paola Chivers
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- DATaR Consulting, Bridgetown, Australia
| | - Kiira Karoliina Sarasjärvi
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Doctoral Programme in Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ranila Bhoyroo
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Discipline of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Michelle Lambert
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Lynne Millar
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Saunders R, Crookes K, Seaman K, Ang SGM, Bulsara C, Bulsara MK, Ewens B, Gallagher O, Graham R, Gullick K, Haydon S, Hughes J, Nguyen KH, O’Connell B, Scaini D, Etherton-Beer C. Frailty and pain in an acute private hospital: an observational point prevalence study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3345. [PMID: 36849461 PMCID: PMC9971208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29933-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty and pain in hospitalised patients are associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, there is limited data on the associations between frailty and pain in this group of patients. Understanding the prevalence, distribution and interaction of frailty and pain in hospitals will help to determine the magnitude of this association and assist health care professionals to target interventions and develop resources to improve patient outcomes. This study reports the point prevalence concurrence of frailty and pain in adult patients in an acute hospital. A point prevalence, observational study of frailty and pain was conducted. All adult inpatients (excluding high dependency units) at an acute, private, 860-bed metropolitan hospital were eligible to participate. Frailty was assessed using the self-report modified Reported Edmonton Frail Scale. Current pain and worst pain in the last 24 h were self-reported using the standard 0-10 numeric rating scale. Pain scores were categorised by severity (none, mild, moderate, severe). Demographic and clinical information including admitting services (medical, mental health, rehabilitation, surgical) were collected. The STROBE checklist was followed. Data were collected from 251 participants (54.9% of eligible). The prevalence of frailty was 26.7%, prevalence of current pain was 68.1% and prevalence of pain in the last 24 h was 81.3%. After adjusting for age, sex, admitting service and pain severity, admitting services medical (AOR: 13.5 95% CI 5.7-32.8), mental health (AOR: 6.3, 95% CI 1. 9-20.9) and rehabilitation (AOR: 8.1, 95% CI 2.4-37.1) and moderate pain (AOR: 3.9, 95% CI 1. 6-9.8) were associated with increased frailty. The number of older patients identified in this study who were frail has implications for managing this group in a hospital setting. This indicates a need to focus on developing strategies including frailty assessment on admission, and the development of interventions to meet the care needs of these patients. The findings also highlight the need for increased pain assessment, particularly in those who are frail, for more effective pain management.Trial registration: The study was prospectively registered (ACTRN12620000904976; 14th September 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Kate Crookes
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Karla Seaman
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Seng Giap Marcus Ang
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- grid.266886.40000 0004 0402 6494School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA Australia ,grid.266886.40000 0004 0402 6494Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA Australia
| | - Max K. Bulsara
- grid.266886.40000 0004 0402 6494Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA Australia
| | - Beverley Ewens
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Olivia Gallagher
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Renée Graham
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Karen Gullick
- grid.414296.c0000 0004 0437 5838Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, WA Australia
| | - Sue Haydon
- grid.414296.c0000 0004 0437 5838Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, WA Australia
| | - Jeff Hughes
- PainChek Ltd, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1032.00000 0004 0375 4078Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA Australia
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - Bev O’Connell
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Debra Scaini
- grid.414296.c0000 0004 0437 5838Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, WA Australia
| | - Christopher Etherton-Beer
- grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia
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11
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Boban SA, Bulsara C, Codde J, Cohen PA, Downs J. Employing cognitive interviewing to evaluate, improve and validate items for measuring the health-related quality of life of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:391. [PMID: 36163023 PMCID: PMC9512969 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01966-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Use of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical settings facilitate the delivery of better health care to improve patient health outcomes. Previously collected qualitative data indicated themes that could inform items for a health-related quality of life measure. This study investigated the content validity of items for inclusion in a new health-related quality of life measure suitable for patients with ovarian cancer. Methods Cognitive interviewing techniques were used with fourteen women diagnosed with ovarian cancer and at different times since diagnosis, to evaluate items derived from the previously collected qualitative dataset. A set of draft items was administered via telephone, Zoom and WhatsApp app together with questions on item meaning and wording. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Results Four broad themes emerged in relation to the questionnaire construction and comprehension of items: intent and clarity, wording, relevance and context, and overall questionnaire construct. All draft items were adjusted based on the interview findings. A final set of 38 health-related quality of life items comprised 7 items describing physical health and functioning, 21 describing emotional wellbeing and 10 items describing social wellbeing; each rated on a five-point frequency response scale.
Conclusion The items reflected a range of personal experiences associated with the patient clinical journey, creating a health-related quality of life tool specific to women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The cognitive interviewing process established content validity for the tool, thereby, preparing it for field testing and evaluation of its psychometric properties. This study highlighted the fundamental role of cognitive interviewing during health-related quality of life questionnaire development to ensure that item content is grounded in patient feelings, functioning and meaning. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-022-01966-w.
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12
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Skoss R, Brett T, Bulsara C, Radford J, Heal C, Gill G, Hespe C, Vargas-Garcia C, Li IW, Sullivan DR, Vickery AW, Pang J, Arnold-Reed DE, Watts GF. Participant experiences of intervention to detect and manage familial hypercholesterolaemia in Australian general practice: A qualitative descriptive study. Aust J Gen Pract 2022; 51:687-694. [DOI: 10.31128/ajgp-09-21-6188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Saunders R, Crookes K, Gullick K, Gallagher O, Seaman K, Scaini D, Ang SGM, Bulsara C, Ewens B, Hughes J, O'Connell B, Etherton-Beer C. Nurses leading volunteer support for older adults in hospital: A discussion paper. Collegian 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Murphy MC, Debenham J, Bulsara C, Chivers P, Rio EK, Docking S, Travers M, Gibson W. Assessment and monitoring of Achilles tendinopathy in clinical practice: a qualitative descriptive exploration of the barriers clinicians face. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001355. [PMID: 35813131 PMCID: PMC9214351 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Our primary objective was to explore the barriers preventing clinicians from implementing what they think is ideal practice as it relates to using tools to aid diagnosis and monitor progress in mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. Our secondary objectives were to describe the assessments employed by clinicians in their own practice to aid with (a) diagnosis and (b) monitoring progress in Achilles tendinopathy and explore the outcome measure domains clinicians believe to be the most and least important when managing patients with Achilles tendinopathy. We employed a qualitative descriptive study design. Thirteen participants (eight female, five male) from across Australia, consisting of two junior physiotherapists, five senior physiotherapists working in private practice, four senior physiotherapists working within elite sports organisations and two sport and exercise medicine doctors, were included and one-on-one interviews were performed. Audio was transcribed then entered into NVivo for coding and analysis. Four main themes were perceived as barriers to implementing ideal practice of assessment and monitoring in people with Achilles tendinopathy: financial constraints, time constraints, access to equipment and patient symptom severity. Assessments related to function, pain on loading, pain over a specified time frame and palpation are commonly used to assist diagnosis. Assessments related to disability, pain on loading, pain over a specified time frame and physical function capacity are used to monitor progress over time. Furthermore, pain on loading and pain over a specified time frame were considered the most important outcome measure domains for assisting diagnosis whereas pain on loading, patient rating of the condition and physical function capacity were the most important outcome measure domains for monitoring progress. A number of barriers exist that prevent clinicians from implementing what they view as ideal assessment and monitoring for Achilles tendinopathy. These barriers should be considered when developing new assessments and in clinical practice recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles Calder Murphy
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Debenham
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paola Chivers
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ebonie Kendra Rio
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean Docking
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mervyn Travers
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - William Gibson
- National School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Saunders R, Crookes K, Seaman K, Ang SGM, Bulsara C, Bulsara MK, Ewens B, Gallagher O, Graham RM, Gullick K, Haydon S, Hughes J, Atee M, Nguyen KH, O'Connell B, Scaini D, Etherton-Beer C. Effectiveness of nurse-led volunteer support and technology-driven pain assessment in improving the outcomes of hospitalised older adults: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059388. [PMID: 35725261 PMCID: PMC9214388 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hospitalised older adults are prone to functional deterioration, which is more evident in frail older patients and can be further exacerbated by pain. Two interventions that have the potential to prevent progression of frailty and improve patient outcomes in hospitalised older adults but have yet to be subject to clinical trials are nurse-led volunteer support and technology-driven assessment of pain. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This single-centre, prospective, non-blinded, cluster randomised controlled trial will compare the efficacy of nurse-led volunteer support, technology-driven pain assessment and the combination of the two interventions to usual care for hospitalised older adults. Prior to commencing recruitment, the intervention and control conditions will be randomised across four wards. Recruitment will continue for 12 months. Data will be collected on admission, at discharge and at 30 days post discharge, with additional data collected during hospitalisation comprising records of pain assessment and volunteer support activity. The primary outcome of this study will be the change in frailty between both admission and discharge, and admission and 30 days, and secondary outcomes include length of stay, adverse events, discharge destination, quality of life, depression, cognitive function, functional independence, pain scores, pain management intervention (type and frequency) and unplanned 30-day readmissions. Stakeholder evaluation and an economic analysis of the interventions will also be conducted. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by Human Research Ethics Committees at Ramsay Health Care WA|SA (number: 2057) and Edith Cowan University (number: 2021-02210-SAUNDERS). The findings will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12620001173987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Crookes
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karla Seaman
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seng Giap Marcus Ang
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Beverley Ewens
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Olivia Gallagher
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Renee M Graham
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Gullick
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Haydon
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeff Hughes
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- PainChek, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mustafa Atee
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- The Dementia Centre, HammondCare, Wembley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bev O'Connell
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Debra Scaini
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Etherton-Beer
- Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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16
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Piggott B, Chivers P, Bulsara C, Conlon J, Grigg K, Harris SA, Lambert M, Millar L, Pollard CM. "I'm making a positive change in my life": a mixed method evaluation of a well-being tertiary education unit. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 34:518-529. [PMID: 35505423 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Mental health disorders (MHDs) are prevalent among university students with detrimental impacts for individual students, universities and the wider community. There is urgent need for proactive and preventative strategies to address the mental health crisis in the university population. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 13-week unit developed to directly educate university students about ways to improve and maintain well-being. METHODS Fifty-eight university students from five disciplines participated in a 13-week elective undergraduate unit "Well-Being Fundamentals for Success" as part of their degree. The Act Belong Commit mental health promotion campaign framework formed the basis of teaching materials. Outcome well-being measures were self-assessed at weeks 1, 6 and 12 using four scales: 1) Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS); 2) Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); 3) Brief Resilience Scale (BRS); and 4) Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Post-unit group interviews (n = 11) were analysed for key themes. RESULTS Linear mixed models demonstrated a significant improvement in BRS over the semester; well-being (WEMBS) and mindful attention (MAAS) did increase but not significantly. There was a significant increase in stress (PSS) over the semester. Key themes that emerged from the group interviews were that 1) University life contributes to well-being; 2) University life contributes to stress; 3) The well-being unit helped students see and do things differently; 4) An overall endorsement of the unit. CONCLUSION University students' resilience increased over the semester following participation in curriculum focused on well-being which featured a combination of theoretical content and experiential workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Piggott
- School of School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Paola Chivers
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Jenny Conlon
- School of School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | | | - Sarah Ann Harris
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | | | - Lynne Millar
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.,School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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17
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Wang CC, Lo J, Saunders R, Adama E, Bulsara C, Etherton-Beer C, Yang AWH. Light acupuncture and five-element music therapy for nurses' mental health and well-being during and post-COVID-19: protocol for a randomised cross-over feasibility study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057106. [PMID: 35487736 PMCID: PMC9058290 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Australian nurses have experienced higher levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prepandemic. This may have affected their long-term mental health and intention to stay in the profession resulting in a workforce shortage, which further impacts the health of the public. Management is urgently required to improve nurses' well-being. However, there is limited evidence available. The proposed clinical trial aims to evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic effects of using a combination of light acupuncture and five-element music therapy to improve nurses' mental health and well-being during and post-COVID-19. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This randomised, single blinding, two-arm cross-over feasibility study involves a 1-week run-in period, 2-week intervention and 1-week run-in period in between interventions. Thirty-six eligible nurses will be recruited from the community and randomised into either a combination of light acupuncture treatment and five-element music therapy group or no treatment group for 2 weeks. After a 1-week run in period, they will be swapped to the different group. The primary outcome of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a combination of light acupuncture treatment and five-element music therapy to improve nurses' mental health and well-being. The secondary outcomes will include anxiety and depression, work productivity and activity, and quality of life assessments. Participants will be asked to complete a set of online questionnaires throughout the trial period. All analyses will be performed in R Studio V.1.1.463. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was attained from Edith Cowan University's Human Research Ethics Committee (No. 2021-02728-WANG). Research findings will be shared with hospitals and in various forms to engage broader audiences, including national and international conferences, presentations, open-access peer-reviewed journal publications, and local community workshop dissemination with healthcare professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000957897p https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12621000957897p.aspx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Chunfeng Wang
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Johnny Lo
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Esther Adama
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Angela Wei Hong Yang
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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18
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Bulsara C, Saunders R, Emery L, Etherton-Beer C. Reflecting on experiences of care: an exploratory qualitative descriptive study of the perspectives of stroke survivors, families and staff. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047559. [PMID: 34930727 PMCID: PMC8689121 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify barriers and enablers from the perspectives of stroke survivors, carers and staff to understand the experiences of care. DESIGN The study used a qualitative descriptive methodology and employed semistructured interview technique. SETTING A metropolitan stroke rehabilitation unit in Western Australia providing rehabilitation services for inpatients and outpatients. PARTICIPANTS Overall, 10 participants (four staff, four stroke survivors and two primary carers) were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Experiences of care focused on lack of time, urgency to regain mobility, postshock recovery, uncertainty about the future and the importance of accepting help once home. There was a degree of mismatch between staff experiences of the reality of what can be provided and the experiences and expectations of stroke survivors and families. However, the benefits of a specialised rehabilitation unit were found to contribute to a positive patient experience overall. The specialised unit demonstrated that services must optimise staff time with patients and carers in the poststroke rehabilitation journey to ensure benefits for the long-term well-being for both. CONCLUSION Seeking patient, family and staff experiences of care can provide valuable insights into facilitating better patient, family and staff engagement for preparation for home-based rehabilitation for stroke survivors and their caregivers. Further research with a larger sample across diverse hospital settings would provide even greater insight into strategies to best address the reality of rehabilitation care and readiness of patients when returning home to the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Insitute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Laura Emery
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Etherton-Beer
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- WA Centre for Health and Ageing, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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19
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Sutherland G, Bulsara C, Robinson S, Codde J. Older women's perceptions of the impact of homelessness on their health needs and their ability to access healthcare. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 46:62-68. [PMID: 34710257 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the healthcare needs and barriers to health services in older homeless women in the Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia. METHODS Twenty-two older women experiencing homelessness completed a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. RESULTS The study highlighted that these women had complex and inter-related issues that affected their health. The nine major themes that emerged from the interview data consisted of: safe accommodation; financial insecurity; experience of trauma and abuse; stigma, embarrassment and fear of being judged; the health impact of not fulfilling their role as family nurturer; mental health; complex interaction of physical and mental health issues; healthcare costs; and the need for ongoing psychosocial and healthcare support once housed. CONCLUSION Provision of safe and secure accommodation is pivotal to women's health, as is the need for greater understanding of the impact of poverty, women's traditional roles, social disconnection and domestic violence, and ongoing access to healthcare and support services. Implications for public health: A structural and systemic approach based on a social determinants of health framework is required to address the health needs of the increasing numbers of older women becoming homeless in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Sutherland
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Western Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Western Australia
| | | | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Western Australia
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20
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Bhoyroo R, Chivers P, Millar L, Bulsara C, Piggott B, Lambert M, Codde J. Life in a time of COVID: a mixed method study of the changes in lifestyle, mental and psychosocial health during and after lockdown in Western Australians. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1947. [PMID: 34702238 PMCID: PMC8547299 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Western Australian government imposed multiple restrictions that impacted daily life activities and the social life. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on the community's physical, mental and psychosocial health. METHODS Approximately 2 months after a three-month lockdown, a cross-sectional study was opened to Western Australian adults for an 8-week period (25th August - 21 October 2020). Participants competed a 25-min questionnaire adapted from the Western Australia Health and Wellbeing Surveillance system. Participants provided information on their socio-demographic status, lifestyle behaviours, mental health, and psychosocial health during and post-lockdown. Open-ended questions explored key issues in greater detail. Changes between the lockdown and post-lockdown period were assessed using Wilcoxon signed rank test and One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Normal tests as appropriate. Sex differences were examined using the Mann-Whitney U test. A content analysis approach examined responses to the open-ended questions with frequencies and variations in responses determined using Chi-Square tests. RESULTS A total of 547 complete responses were obtained. Compared to post-lockdown period, lockdown was associated with a significantly lower levels of physical activity, poorer mental well-being and sense of control over one's life, and a higher level of loneliness. Similarly, during lockdown, there was a significantly higher consumption of junk food, soft drinks and alcoholic drinks but no change in fruit and vegetable intake. Participants recalled health campaigns on hand washing and social distancing and there was a retrospective view that more timely and informative campaigns on physical activity, nutrition and mental well-being should have been available during lockdown. CONCLUSIONS While advice on infection control measures were appropriately provided, there is a need for concurrent health promotional information to help combat the changes in physical, mental and psychosocial well-being observed during quarantine to prevent negative health consequences in the community even if there are minimal effects of the pandemic itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranila Bhoyroo
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia. .,School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia. .,Disciplines of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Paola Chivers
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lynne Millar
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia.,School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia
| | - Ben Piggott
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Michelle Lambert
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia.,Injury Matters, Perth, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat Street, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6959, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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21
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Bulsara C, Brett T, Radford J, Heal C, Gill G, Hespe CM, Vargas-Garcia C, Li IW, Sullivan DR, Vickery AW, Pang J, Arnold-Reed D, Chan DC, Watts GF. Awareness of familial hypercholesterolaemia in Australian primary care: A qualitative descriptive study. Aust J Gen Pract 2021; 50:634-640. [PMID: 34462767 DOI: 10.31128/ajgp-04-21-5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A lack of public and health professional awareness about familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) leads to an estimated 90,000 Australians remaining undiagnosed. The aim of this study was to establish the level of knowledge and awareness of FH in Australian general practices. METHOD A qualitative descriptive methodology was used to explore baseline knowledge and perceptions of practice staff about diagnosing and managing FH. Overall, 63 interviews were conducted with general practice staff at 15 practices taking part in a National Health and Medical Research Council partnership grant study (GNT1142883). RESULTS Data were analysed thematically and coded into themes - knowledge/awareness/recall, management, use of guidelines/referrals, and contacting family members. Most general practitioners treated the high cholesterol component as their primary focus. Guidelines and referrals were rarely used. DISCUSSION This research reflected a lack of knowledge, awareness and use of guidelines similar to that shown in other published studies. Improved primary care infrastructure, knowledge and awareness of FH need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bulsara
- BA, GradEduc Studies, PhD, Professor, Coordinator, Qualitative Research Academic, School of Nursing and Midwifery and Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA
| | - Tom Brett
- MA, MD, FRACGP, MRCGP, Professor and Director, General Practice and Primary Health Care Research, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA; General Practitioner, Mosman Park Medical Centre, Mosman Park, WA
| | - Jan Radford
- MBBS, MPsychMed, MEd, FRACGP, FARGP, GAID, AFANZAHPE, Associate Professor of General Practice, Launceston Clinical School, Tasmanian School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tas; General Practitioner, West Tamar Health, Riverside, Tas; Provost, The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Tasmanian Faculty, Hobart, Tas
| | - Clare Heal
- MBChB, DRANZCOG, DipGUMed, FRACGP, MPHTM, PhD, Promotional Chair, Discipline of General Practice and Rural Medicine, Mackay Clinical School, James Cook University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Mackay, Qld
| | - Gerard Gill
- MBBS, FRACGP, Clinical Professor, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic; General Practitioner, Kardinia Health, Geelong, Vic
| | - Charlotte Mary Hespe
- FRACGP, MBBS (Hons), DCH (Lon), Associate Professor and Head of General Practice and Primary Care Research, School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW; General Practitioner, Glebe Family Medical Practice, Glebe, NSW
| | - Cristian Vargas-Garcia
- MBBS, BSc, National Project Manager, General Practice and Primary Health Care Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA
| | - Ian W Li
- MBBS, PhD, Associate Professor, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA
| | - David R Sullivan
- MBBS, FRACPath, Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW
| | - Alistair W Vickery
- MBBS, FRACGP, Associate Professor, Division of General Practice, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA; General Practitioner, Emerald Clinics, West Leederville, WA
| | - Jing Pang
- BSc, PhD, National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellow, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA
| | - Diane Arnold-Reed
- BSc, PhD, Associate Professor, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA
| | - Dick C Chan
- BSc, MPhil, PhD, FRCPath, Senior Research Fellow, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA; General Practice and Primary Health Care Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA
| | - Gerald F Watts
- DSc, PhD, MD, FRACP, FRCP, Winthrop Professor and Consultant Physician, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA; Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Service, Departments of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA
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22
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Timler A, Bulsara C, Hands B. Physical and emotional development of adolescents with low motor competence: Mothers’ perspectives. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226211031805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Parent support influences adolescent’s social-emotional well-being. One factor that may influence parent’s perception of support is their child’s level of motor competence. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore mothers’ experience of providing support for the health of adolescents with low motor competence physical and emotional development. Methods A phenomenological approach was used to guide this study. After initial screening, five one-on-one interviews with mothers of adolescents aged 12–16 years were conducted. Results Analysis of the interviews identified five themes of ‘supportive building blocks’, ‘building achievement and commitment,’ ‘building mechanisms for future support’ ‘building stability in relationships’ and ‘building confidence and a sense of autonomy’. Mother’s awareness of their child’s motor difficulties resulted in their active provision of alternative strategies for their child by building self-confidence and seeking support from health professionals. Conclusion Mothers were aware of their child’s inadequacies and actively sought support to help with their development. Support services that recognise low motor competence could better help mothers support their adolescent’s development. One implication arising from this study is the importance of using multi-disciplinarian teams such as occupational therapist, exercise physiologist and parents to help children with low motor competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Timler
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth Western Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth Western Australia
| | - Beth Hands
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth Western Australia
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23
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Saggers A, Wand BM, Bulsara C, Truter P. 'I'm not in GP pain, I'm in hospital pain': Qualitative study regarding patient decision-making factors in seeking care in the emergency department with non-specific low back pain. Emerg Med Australas 2021; 33:1013-1020. [PMID: 33960124 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate factors contributing to the decision for a working age adult experiencing non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) to seek care at an Australian metropolitan tertiary ED. METHODS Participants triaged with NSLBP were recruited from one metropolitan tertiary Australian ED. We employed a qualitative descriptive methodology using semi-structured interviews to collect data. The short-form Orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire was administered pre-interview and used to inform discussion of psychosocial factors in the interview. RESULTS Patient perception and interpretation of their low back pain symptoms was the most important participant decision-making factor. This was part of the care-seeking decision for all participants. Convenience of care accessed in the ED was also important with many participants aiming to avoid multiple appointments in primary care settings while in pain or attending ED because it was close to home. Participants expected high-quality care in the ED and often did not identify an alternative in primary care they believed could provide an equivalent standard of care. Few participants were advised to attend ED by a GP or physiotherapist, but when given, this advice was a critical factor. CONCLUSIONS Patient beliefs about NSLBP are important drivers of ED care seeking. Evidence-based guidelines recommend screening for red flags and then addressing pain and disability through engagement with patient concerns and providing a management plan/pathway. In the ED setting, addressing the anxieties of these patients and re-interpreting the significance of their pain may be a path to providing time efficient high-value care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Saggers
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benedict M Wand
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Piers Truter
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,Emergency Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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24
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Saunders R, Crookes K, Atee M, Bulsara C, Bulsara MK, Etherton-Beer C, Ewens B, Gallagher O, Graham RM, Gullick K, Haydon S, Nguyen KH, O'Connell B, Seaman K, Hughes J. Prevalence of frailty and pain in hospitalised adult patients in an acute hospital: a protocol for a point prevalence observational study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046138. [PMID: 33757956 PMCID: PMC7993156 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frailty and pain are associated with adverse patient clinical outcomes and healthcare system costs. Frailty and pain can interact, such that symptoms of frailty can make pain assessment difficult and pain can exacerbate the progression of frailty. The prevalence of frailty and pain and their concurrence in hospital settings are not well understood, and patients with cognitive impairment are often excluded from pain prevalence studies due to difficulties assessing their pain. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of frailty and pain in adult inpatients, including those with cognitive impairment, in an acute care private metropolitan hospital in Western Australia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A prospective, observational, single-day point prevalence, cross-sectional study of frailty and pain intensity of all inpatients (excluding day surgery and critical care units) will be undertaken. Frailty will be assessed using the modified Reported Edmonton Frail Scale. Current pain intensity will be assessed using the PainChek smart-device application enabling pain assessment in people unable to report pain due to cognitive impairment. Participants will also provide a numerical rating of the intensity of current pain and the worst pain experienced in the previous 24 hours. Demographic and clinical information will be collected from patient files. The overall response rate of the survey will be reported, as well as the percentage prevalence of frailty and of pain in the sample (separately for PainChek scores and numerical ratings). Additional statistical modelling will be conducted comparing frailty scores with pain scores, adjusting for covariates including age, gender, ward type and reason for admission. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by Ramsay Health Care Human Research Ethics Committee WA/SA (reference: 2038) and Edith Cowan University Human Research Ethics Committee (reference: 2020-02008-SAUNDERS). Findings will be widely disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12620000904976.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Saunders
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Crookes
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mustafa Atee
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- The Dementia Centre, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher Etherton-Beer
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- WA Centre for Health & Ageing, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Beverley Ewens
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Olivia Gallagher
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Renee M Graham
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Gullick
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Haydon
- Clinical Services, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bev O'Connell
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karla Seaman
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeff Hughes
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- PainChek Ltd, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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25
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Truter P, Edgar D, Mountain D, Bulsara C. An emergency department optimized protocol for qualitative research to investigate care seeking by patients with non-urgent conditions. Nurs Open 2021; 8:628-635. [PMID: 33570278 PMCID: PMC7877135 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe a tailored qualitative research methodology for exploring the complex interaction of factors driving non-urgent care seeking in the emergency department. DESIGN Qualitative descriptive design with a literature informed semi-structured interview and analysis structure. Triangulation with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory allows expedited exploration of biopsychosocial factors. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research requirements integrated. METHODS With a short 10- to 15-min interview and a low-inference analysis process, this methodology offers a structured way to explore the "go to ED" decision, to understand the patient perspective on their healthcare needs and feed into the development of suitable local services that meet patient healthcare needs. RESULTS This methodology offers a structured way for clinician-researchers to explore the factors that influence patients seeking care in the emergency departments for non-urgent conditions that are specific to their local health service environment. The described methodology is accessible to novice qualitative researchers and includes the semi-structured interview, coding and analysis frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piers Truter
- School of PhysiotherapyUniversity of Notre Dame AustraliaFremantleWAAustralia
- Emergency DepartmentFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
- SJOG Midland Public and Private HospitalMidlandWAAustralia
| | - Dale Edgar
- School of PhysiotherapyUniversity of Notre Dame AustraliaFremantleWAAustralia
- Fiona Wood FoundationPerthWAAustralia
| | - David Mountain
- Emergency DepartmentSir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlandsWAAustralia
- University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWAAustralia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity of Notre Dame AustraliaFremantleWAAustralia
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26
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Boban S, Downs J, Codde J, Cohen PA, Bulsara C. Women Diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer: Patient and Carer Experiences and Perspectives. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2021; 12:33-43. [PMID: 33623464 PMCID: PMC7896761 DOI: 10.2147/prom.s272688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose By directly engaging with women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, this study aimed to explore and identify their view of the health symptoms and outcomes that matter most to them as they traverse their disease pathway. Background Patient-reported outcome measures in ovarian cancer have tended to focus on physical symptoms rather than the more complex psychosocial aspects of living with the disease. Using a "ground-up approach", this study sought to comprehensively understand the health concerns that matter most to women with ovarian cancer as a first step in generating items for development into an ovarian cancer-specific patient-reported outcome measure. Patients and Methods Following an extensive literature review, we sought to capture the "patient voice" through a qualitative descriptive approach including a community conversation with ovarian cancer patients, their carers and clinicians, and interviews and focus groups with women with ovarian cancer. Thirteen women were interviewed individually, and two focus groups were conducted. A template thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Key themes included challenges related to clinical diagnosis, treatment phase, altered relationships with family/friends, financial issues, relationships with health professionals and coping strategies. Within each key theme, several sub-themes emerged that were identified as various challenges experienced by participants. Diagnostic delay, chemotherapy and surgery-related challenges, negative impact of sexual well-being on partner relationship, communicational challenges with health professionals were among the few issues identified. In addition, self-empowerment was identified as a coping mechanism among participants. Conclusion By identifying priorities for women diagnosed with ovarian cancer we have highlighted the need for strategies to reduce diagnostic delays and improve quality of life for these women. Data will inform the development of an ovarian cancer-specific patient-reported outcome measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharolin Boban
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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27
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Seaman KL, Bulsara MK, Sanfilippo FM, Kemp-Casey A, Roughead EE, Bulsara C, Watts GF, Preen DB. Exploring the association between stroke and acute myocardial infarction and statins adherence following a medicines co-payment increase. Res Social Adm Pharm 2021; 17:1780-1785. [PMID: 33558155 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patient contributions (co-payments) for one months' supply of a publicly-subsidised medicine in Australia were increased by 21% in January 2005 (US$2.73-$3.31 for social security recipients and $17.05-$20.58 for others). This study investigates the relationship between patients' use of statin medication and hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome and stroke, following this large increase in co-payments. METHODS We designed a retrospective cohort study of all patients in Western Australia who were dispensed statin medication between 2004 and 05. Data for the cohort was obtained from State and Federal linked databases. We divided the cohort into those who discontinued, reduced or continued statin therapy in the first six months after the co-payment increase. The primary outcome was two-year hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome or stroke-related event. Analysis was conducted using Fine and Gray competing risk methods, with death as the competing risk. RESULTS There were 207,066 patients using statins prior to the co-payment increase. Following the increase, 12.5% of patients reduced their use of statin medication, 3.3% of patients discontinued therapy, and 84.2% continued therapy. There were 4343 acute coronary syndrome and stroke-related hospitalisations in the two-year follow-up period. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that discontinuing statins increased the risk of hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome or stroke-related events by 18% (95%CI = 0.1%-40%) compared to continuing therapy. Subgroup analysis showed that men aged <70 years were at increased risk of 54-63% after discontinuing statins compared to those continuing, but that women and older men were not. CONCLUSION Discontinuing statin medication after a large increase patient cost contribution was associated with higher rates of acute coronary syndrome and stroke-related hospitalisation in men under 70 years. The findings highlight the importance of continued adherence to prescribed statin medication, and that discontinuing therapy for non-clinical reasons (such as cost) can possibly have negative consequences particularly for younger men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L Seaman
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia; Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Frank M Sanfilippo
- Cardiovascular Research Group, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anna Kemp-Casey
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Centre of Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Roughead
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - David B Preen
- Centre of Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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28
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Seaman K, Sanfilippo F, Bulsara M, Roughead E, Kemp-Casey A, Bulsara C, Watts GF, Preen D. Increased risk of 2-year death in patients who discontinued their use of statins. J Health Serv Res Policy 2020; 26:95-105. [PMID: 33161778 DOI: 10.1177/1355819620965610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between statin usage (discontinued, reduced or continued) and two-year death following a 21% increase in the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) consumer co-payment in Western Australia. METHODS A retrospective observational study in Western Australia using linked administrative Commonwealth PBS data and State hospital inpatient and death data (n = 207,066) was undertaken. We explored the two-year all-cause and ischemic heart disease(IHD)/stroke-specific-death in individuals who discontinued, reduced or continued statin medication following the January 2005 PBS co-payment increase, overall, by beneficiary status (general population vs. social security recipients) and by a history of admission for ischemic heart disease or stroke. Non-cardiovascular (CVD)-related death was also considered. RESULTS In the first six months of 2005, 3.3% discontinued, 12.5% reduced and 84.2% continued statin therapy. We found those who discontinued statins were also likely to discontinue at least two other medicines compared to those who continued therapy. There were 4,607 all-cause deaths. For IHD/stroke-specific death, there were 1,317. For all non-CVD-related death, there were 2,808 deaths during the 2-year follow-up period. Cox regression models, adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics, showed a 39%-61% increase in the risk of all-cause death for individuals who reduced or discontinued statin medication compared to those who continued their statin medication (Discontinued: Adj HR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.40-1.85; Reduced: Adj HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.28-1.51). For IHD/stroke-specific death, there was an increased risk of death by 28-76% (Discontinued: Adj sHR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.37-2.27; Reduced: Adj sHR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.10-1.49), and for non-CVD-related death, there was an increased risk of death by 44-57% (Discontinued: Adj sHR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.31-1.88; Reduced: Adj sHR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.30-1.60), for individuals who discontinued or reduced their statin medication compared to those who continued. CONCLUSIONS Patients who discontinued their statin therapy had a significantly increased risk of IHD and stroke death. Health professionals should be aware that large co-payment changes may be associated with patients discontinuing or reducing medicines to their health detriment. Factors that lead to such changes in patient medication-taking behaviour need to be considered and addressed at the clinical and policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Seaman
- PhD Candidate, Research Fellow, School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Australia.,Research Fellow, Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Australia
| | - Frank Sanfilippo
- Principal Research Fellow, Cardiovascular Research Group, School of Population and Global Health, the University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Max Bulsara
- Chair of Biostatistics, Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Roughead
- Research Professor, Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Anna Kemp-Casey
- Research Fellow, Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia.,Research Fellow, Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, the University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Academic Researcher, Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Winthrop Professor and Senior Consultant Physician, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia.,Winthrop Professor and Senior Consultant Physician, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Preen
- Chair in Public Health, Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, the University of Western Australia, Australia
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29
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Mcgann S, Bulsara C, Farley H. Socio‐spatial and quality of life themes in aged care architecture: A qualitative methods protocol. J Adv Nurs 2020; 76:3171-3178. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mcgann
- The University of Notre Dame Fremantle Australia
| | | | - Holly Farley
- The University of Notre Dame Fremantle Australia
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30
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Standen P, Cohen PA, Leung Y, Mohan GR, Salfinger S, Tan J, Bulsara C. Exploring Attitudes to Conception in Partners and Young Women with Gynecologic Cancers Treated by Fertility Sparing Surgery. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2609-2614. [PMID: 32986359 PMCID: PMC7779464 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.9.2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 20% of women with gynecologic cancers are under age 40 and with delayed childbearing, women may be diagnosed before their first pregnancy. Although fertility preservation is a priority for many women, attitudes to conception have not previously been investigated in these patients or their partners. We explored attitudes to conception in partners and young women, following fertility preserving treatment for gynecologic cancers. METHODS A total of 16 telephone interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of patients who had had an early stage gynecologic cancer or borderline ovarian tumor treated by fertility sparing surgery in Western Australia between January 1st, 2005 to December 31st, 2016. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS Four main themes were identified: (i) Emotions at diagnosis and perception of information given; (ii) Discussions of fertility and factors affecting childbearing; (iii) Role of partners in decision making and relationship pressures; (iv) Decision for treatment and postoperative regrets. CONCLUSIONS Regret and relationship breakdown were commonly reported. Women need appropriate support including inviting their partners to attend clinic appointments and may need several appointments before treatment. Regret was commonly reported by women who opted for completion surgery.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prue Standen
- Joan Kirner Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yee Leung
- King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ganendra Raj Mohan
- King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart Salfinger
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jason Tan
- WOMEN Centre, West Leederville, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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31
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Ho P, Bulsara M, Downs J, Patman S, Bulsara C, Hill AM. Incidence and prevalence of falls in adults with intellectual disability living in the community: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 17:390-413. [PMID: 30870331 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2017-003798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the review was too synthesize the best available evidence on the incidence and prevalence of falls among adults with intellectual disability (ID). INTRODUCTION Falls among adults with ID frequently cause physical injury and may negatively impact on their quality of life. Studies investigating falls among people with ID have used differing methods and populations, making it difficult to determine the scope and extent of this problem. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review considered all studies that included adults with ID aged 18 years and over and which reported percentage/numbers of individuals who fell, and the total number of falls and injurious falls sustained from a fall. Studies were included if they were conducted within community or residential settings. Studies that were conducted in hospitals were excluded. Cohort studies, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. Studies that used an experimental design, both randomized controlled and quasi experimental design, were also included. METHODS A three-step search strategy was undertaken for published and unpublished literature in English from 1990 to 2017. An initial search of MEDLINE and CINAHL was undertaken before a more extensive search was conducted using keywords and index terms across 11 electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute standardized critical appraisal instrument for prevalence studies (Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data).Data was extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's standardized extraction tool. Data that directly reported or could be used to calculate the incidence and prevalence of falls were extracted. Quantitative data for the number (proportion) of people who fell were pooled in statistical meta-analysis using STATA version 14 (Stata Corp LLC, Texas, USA). Data measuring incidence of falls (rate of falls for the duration of the study) and incidence of injurious falls (rate of falls resulting in one or more injuries for the duration of the study) could not be pooled in meta-analysis, hence results have been presented in a narrative form including tables. Standard GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) evidence assessment of outcomes is also reported. RESULTS Nine studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. Eight articles were observational cohort studies which reported on the incidence/prevalence of falls as outcome measures, and one article was a quasi-experimental study design. Overall the methodological quality of the included studies was considered moderate. The pooled proportion of people with ID who fell (four studies, 854 participants) was 39% (95% CI [0.35%-0.43%], very low GRADE evidence). The rate of falls (eight studies, 782 participants) ranged from 0.54 to 6.29 per person year (very low GRADE evidence). The rate of injurious falls (two studies, 352 participants) ranged from 0.33 to 0.68 per person year (very low GRADE evidence). CONCLUSIONS Synthesized findings demonstrate that people with ID, who live in community or residential settings, may fall more frequently, and at a younger age, compared to general community populations. Studies should take a consistent approach to measuring and reporting falls outcomes. Further research is recommended to identify the impact of falls on health related outcomes for people with ID and subsequently evaluate falls interventions for their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Portia Ho
- School of Physiotherapy, the University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.,The Western Australian Group for Evidence Informed Healthcare Practice: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, the University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Shane Patman
- School of Physiotherapy, the University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, the University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Eskildsen NB, Ross L, Bulsara C, Dietz SM, Thomsen TG, Groenvold M, Pedersen SS, Jørgensen CR, Johnsen AT. Development and content validation of a questionnaire measuring patient empowerment in cancer follow-up. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:2253-2274. [PMID: 32519187 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02483-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop and ensure the content validity of a new patient-reported outcome measure, the Cancer Patient Empowerment Questionnaire (CPEQ), to measure the level of, desire for, and enablement of empowerment among cancer patients in follow-up. METHODS An iterative process based on: (i) empowerment theories by Zimmerman and Tengland, (ii) a systematic review of questionnaires measuring empowerment or related concepts among cancer patients, (iii) qualitative data from 18 semi-structured interviews with Danish cancer patients in follow-up, (iv) input from a group of eight cancer patients involved as co-researchers and from an expert steering group, and (v) cognitive interviews with 15 cancer patients in follow-up. RESULTS The items for the CPEQ were developed and revised and 12 versions of the questionnaire were evaluated. The final version consists of 67 items, covering three different dimensions of empowerment: (A) empowerment outcomes consisting of three components: (A1) the intrapersonal-, (A2) interactional-, and (A3) behavioral component, (B) empowerment facilitators (enablement), and (C) the value of empowerment. CONCLUSIONS This study documents the theoretical and empirical basis for the development of the CPEQ and its content validity. The CPEQ provides a tool for researchers to assess the level of, desire for, and enablement of empowerment among cancer patients. The next steps will be to use the CPEQ in a nationwide study of empowerment in cancer follow-up and subsequently shorten the CPEQ based on psychometric methods in order to make it more relevant in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lone Ross
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | | | - Thora Grothe Thomsen
- Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mogens Groenvold
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne S Pedersen
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Clara Rübner Jørgensen
- Department for Disability Inclusion and Special Needs, School of Education, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anna Thit Johnsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Seaman KL, Sanfilippo FM, Bulsara MK, Brett T, Kemp-Casey A, Roughead EE, Bulsara C, Preen DB. Frequent general practitioner visits are protective against statin discontinuation after a Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme copayment increase. AUST HEALTH REV 2020; 44:377-384. [PMID: 32389176 DOI: 10.1071/ah19069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study assessed the effect of the frequency of general practitioner (GP) visitation in the 12 months before a 21% consumer copayment increase in the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS; January 2005) on the reduction or discontinuation of statin dispensing for tertiary prevention. Methods The study used routinely collected, whole-population linked PBS, Medicare, mortality and hospital data from Western Australia. From 2004 to 2005, individuals were classified as having discontinued, reduced or continued their use of statins in the first six months of 2005 following the 21% consumer copayment increase on 1 January 2005. The frequency of GP visits was calculated in 2004 from Medicare data. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the association between GP visits and statin use following the copayment increase. Results In December 2004, there were 22495 stable statin users for tertiary prevention of prior coronary heart disease, prior stroke or prior coronary artery revascularisation procedure. Following the copayment increase, patients either discontinued (3%), reduced (12%) or continued (85%) their statins. Individuals who visited a GP three or more times in 2004 were 47% less likely to discontinue their statins in 2005 than people attending only once. Subgroup analysis showed the effect was apparent in men, and long-term or new statin users. The frequency of GP visits did not affect the proportion of patients reducing their statin therapy. Conclusions Patients who visited their GP at least three times per year had a lower risk of ceasing their statins in the year following the copayment increase. GPs can help patients maintain treatment following rises in medicines costs. What is known about the topic? Following the 21% increase in medication copayment in 2005, individuals discontinued or reduced their statin usage, including for tertiary prevention. What does this paper add? Patients who visited their GP at least three times per year were less likely to discontinue their statin therapy for tertiary prevention following a large copayment increase. What are the implications for practitioners? This paper identifies the important role that GPs have in maintaining the continued use of important medications following rises in medicines costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla L Seaman
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, 19 Mouat Street, P.O. Box 1225, WA 6959, Australia; and School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Building 21, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; and Corresponding author.
| | - Frank M Sanfilippo
- Cardiovascular Research Group, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, M431, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Max K Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, 19 Mouat Street, P.O. Box 1225, WA 6959, Australia. ;
| | - Tom Brett
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, 19 Mouat Street, P.O. Box 1225, WA 6959, Australia.
| | - Anna Kemp-Casey
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. ; ; and Center of Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, M431, 35 Stirling Highway, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth E Roughead
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. ;
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, 19 Mouat Street, P.O. Box 1225, WA 6959, Australia. ;
| | - David B Preen
- Center of Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, M431, 35 Stirling Highway, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
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Seamon K, Sanfilippo F, Bulsara M, Roughead L, Kemp-Casey A, Bulsara C, Watts GF, Preen D. Predictors of ceasing or reducing statin medication following a large increase in the consumer copayment for medications: a retrospective observational study. Public Health Res Pract 2020; 30:29121905. [PMID: 32152615 DOI: 10.17061/phrp29121905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous Australian research has shown that following the 21% increase in patient copayments for medications on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) in 2005, the use of lipid-lowering therapy declined by 5%. This study aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals who continued, reduced or ceased their use of statin medication in 2005. STUDY TYPE Retrospective observational study using routinely collected administrative data. METHOD We used pharmaceutical claims, hospital separations and mortality records from 2000 to 2005 for the Western Australian population. The cohort comprised stable users of statin medication in 2004. Based on changes in statin use between 2004 and 2005, we identified individuals who: 1) continued using statins; 2) reduced their use by ≥20%; or 3) ceased therapy for at least the first 6 months in 2005. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine whether the demographic and clinical characteristics of the three groups differed. RESULTS There were 205 924 statin users identified in Western Australia as of December 2004. After the January 2005 Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) copayment increase, 3.2% of users ceased their regular statin therapy, 12.9% reduced statin use and 83.9% continued statin use. This represented a 2.1% increase in statin users reducing or ceasing therapy compared to 2004. Predictors of cessation and reduction of statin therapy included younger age, greater socio-economic disadvantage, residing in very remote areas, having general beneficiary status, being a new statin user, having no prior history of ischaemic heart disease, having no prior history of a coronary artery revascularisation procedure, taking no other cardiovascular medication or diabetic medication, taking an increased number of medications, and having a lower level of adherence to statin medication in 2004. CONCLUSION Compared to 2004, an additional 2.1% of statin users reduced or discontinued medication use in 2005, which may be attributed to an increase in the medication copayment. Individuals with general beneficiary status, and younger and healthier people were at particular risk of cessation or reduction in statin use in 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Seamon
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia;
| | - Frank Sanfilippo
- Cardiovascular Research Group, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Libby Roughead
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide
| | - Anna Kemp-Casey
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, WA, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - David Preen
- Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth
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Timler A, McIntyre F, Bulsara C, Rose E, Hands B. The Influence of Motor Competence on Adolescent Identity Health: A Mixed Method Study. Res Q Exerc Sport 2020; 91:1-14. [PMID: 31479384 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1643821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our identity develops with age, and many impacting factors will determine whether it is healthy or unhealthy. A particularly fragile phase of identity development occurs during adolescence when level of motor competence may be influential, yet is rarely considered. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine male and female adolescent's perceptions towards their motor competence and identity development. In-depth information was also collected to understand what factors are important towards identity development during adolescence. Method: An explanatory sequential mixed methods study was used to examine the extent motor competence influenced the health of an adolescent's identity. A sample of 160 adolescents (male n = 103, female n = 57, Mage = 14.45 SD = .75) completed the Adolescent Motor Competence Questionnaire (AMCQ) and the Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence (AIDA). The AMCQ scores were used to group the participants into high (HMC = > 83) and low (LMC = < 83) motor competence. Results: More females had less-healthy identities than males and those with LMC had less-healthy identities than those with HMC. Subsamples of 17 participants were interviewed in order to explain these results. The most at risk group, females with LMC, identified negative peer comparisons, poor social support and higher stress levels to achieve academic performance as key challenges. Conclusions. Well-designed support services for those with LMC, especially for the females should incorporate activities to develop individual competency and close friendships.
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Timler A, Bulsara C, Bulsara M, Vickery A, Smith J, Codde J. Use of cannabinoid-based medicine among older residential care recipients diagnosed with dementia: study protocol for a double-blind randomised crossover trial. Trials 2020; 21:188. [PMID: 32059690 PMCID: PMC7023743 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-4085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a neurological condition that affects the cognitive and functional ability of the brain and is the leading cause of disability among those aged 65 years and above. More effective ways to manage dementia symptoms are needed because current treatment options (antidepressants and antipsychotics) can be ineffective and are associated with substantial side effects, including increased rate of mortality. Cannabinoid-based medicine (CBM) has shown an ability to inhibit some symptoms associated with dementia, and the adverse effects are often minimal; yet, little research has explored the use of CBM among this population. AIM To monitor the safety of a purified dose of CBM oil (3:2 delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol) on behaviour symptoms, quality of life and discomfort caused by pain. METHODS/DESIGN We will carry out an 18-week, randomised, double-blind crossover trial that consists of a 2-week eligibility period, two 6-week treatment cycles, and two 2-week washout periods (between both cycles and after the second treatment cycle). We aim to recruit 50 participants with dementia who are living in residential aged-care facilities. The participants will be randomised into two groups and will receive a dose of either CBM oil or placebo for the first treatment cycle and the opposite medication for the second. Data will be collected using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease questionnaire, and the Abbey Pain Scale on seven occasions. These will be completed by the participants, aged-care staff, and nominated next of kin or family members. The participants' heart rate and blood pressure will be monitored weekly, and their body composition and weight will be monitored fortnightly by a research nurse, to assess individual dose response and frailty. In addition, pre- and post-surveys will be administered to aged-care staff and family members to understand their perceptions of CBM and to inform proposed focus groups consisting of the aged-care staff and next of kin. DISCUSSION The study design has been informed by medical professionals and key stakeholders, including those working in the residential aged-care industry to ensure patient safety, collection of non-invasive measures, and methodological rigor and study feasibility. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619000474156. Registered on 21 March 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Timler
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Jill Smith
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Ho P, Bulsara C, Patman S, Downs J, Hill AM. Exploring enablers and barriers to accessing health services after a fall among people with intellectual disability. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2020; 33:604-617. [PMID: 32039539 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with intellectual disability experience high rates of falls making falls prevention an important health need. The purpose of the study was to seek perspectives of older adults with intellectual disability and their caregivers to (a) explore the experiences of older adults with intellectual disability when seeking healthcare services after a fall and (b) identify enablers and barriers when taking up evidence-based falls recommendations. METHOD A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken as part of a prospective observational cohort study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample. Data were analysed thematically using Colaizzi's method. RESULTS Seventeen interviews were conducted (n = 21). Emergent themes demonstrated that participants had limited knowledge about falls prevention. Enablers included individualizing falls prevention strategies. Barriers included not being offered access to established falls prevention pathways. CONCLUSION There is an urgent need to develop high-quality falls prevention services for older adults with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Portia Ho
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Shane Patman
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, West Perth, WA, Australia.,Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Ho P, Bulsara M, Patman S, Downs J, Bulsara C, Hill AM. Incidence and associated risk factors for falls in adults with intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2019; 63:1441-1452. [PMID: 31497918 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual disability (ID) experience age-related changes earlier in life, and as such, falls among people with ID are of serious concern. Falls can cause injury and consequently reduce quality of life. Limited studies have investigated the incidence of falls among people with ID and the associated risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of falls and risk factors for falling in people with ID living in the community. METHODS A prospective observational cohort (n = 78) of community-dwelling adults with ID. Characteristics measured at baseline included falls history, medication use, balance and mobility. Falls were reported for 6 months using monthly calendars and phone calls. Data were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with falling. RESULTS Participants [median (interquartile range) age 49 (43-60) years, female n = 32 (41%)] experienced 296 falls, with 36 (46.2%) participants having one or more falls. The incidence of falls was 5.7 falls (injurious falls = 0.8) per person year (one outlier removed from analysis). A history of falls [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 6.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.90-21.34)] and being ambulant [adjusted OR: 4.50, 95% CI (1.15-17.67)] were associated with a significantly increased risk of falling. Falls were significantly less frequent among participants taking more than four medications [adjusted OR: 0.22, 95% CI (0.06-0.83)] and participants who were continent [adjusted OR: 0.25, 95% CI (0.07-0.91)]. CONCLUSIONS People with ID fall at a younger age compared with the broader community. The associated falls risk factors also differ to older community-dwelling adults. Health professionals should prioritise assessment and management of falls risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ho
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S Patman
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A-M Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Taylor K, Chivers P, Bulsara C, Joske D, Bulsara M, Monterosso L. Care After Lymphoma (CALy) trial: A phase II pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial of a nurse-led model of survivorship care. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2019; 40:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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40
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Morgan DJR, Eng D, Higgs D, Beilin M, Bulsara C, Wong M, Angus L, Waldron N. Advance care planning documentation strategies; goals-of-care as an alternative to not-for-resuscitation in medical and oncology patients. A pre-post controlled study on quantifiable outcomes. Intern Med J 2019; 48:1472-1480. [PMID: 30043464 DOI: 10.1111/imj.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health services in Tasmania, Victoria and now Western Australia are changing to goals-of-care (GOC) advance care planning (ACP) documentation strategies. AIM To compare the clinical impact of two different health department-sanctioned ACP documentation strategies. METHODS A non-blinded, pre-post, controlled study over two corresponding 6-month periods in 2016 and 2017 comparing the current discretional not-for-resuscitation (NFR) with a new, inclusive GOC strategy in two medical/oncology wards at a large private hospital. Main outcomes were the uptake of ACP forms per hospitalisation and the timing between hospital admission, ACP form completion and in-patient death. Secondary outcomes included utilisation of the rapid response team (RRT), palliative and critical care services. RESULTS In total, 650 NFR and 653 GOC patients underwent 1885 admissions (mean Charlson Comorbidity Index = 3.7). GOC patients had a higher uptake of ACP documentation (346 vs 150 ACP forms per 1000 admissions, P < 0.0001) and a higher proportion of ACP forms completed within the first 48 h of admission (58 vs 39%, P = 0.0002) but a higher incidence of altering the initial ACP level of care (P = 0.003). All other measures, including ACP documentation within 48 h of death (P = 0.50), activation of RRT (P = 0.73) and admission to critical (P = 0.62) or palliative (P = 0.81) care services, remained similar. GOC documentation was often incomplete, with most sub-sections left blank between 74 and 87% of occasions. CONCLUSION Despite an increased uptake of the GOC form, overall use remained low, written completion was poor, and most quantitative outcomes remained statistically unchanged. Further research is required before a wider GOC implementation can be supported in Australia's healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J R Morgan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Derek Eng
- Department of Palliative Care Medicine, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dominic Higgs
- Department of Palliative Care Medicine, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Oncology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maria Beilin
- Department of Research, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Milly Wong
- Internal Medicine, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Louise Angus
- Department of Palliative Care Medicine, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas Waldron
- Department of Rehabilitation and Aged Care, Armadale Kelmscott Memorial Hospital, Perth, Australia.,Health Strategy and Networks, System Policy and Planning, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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Reynolds BR, Bulsara C, Zeps N, Codde J, Lawrentschuk N, Bolton D, Vivian J. Exploring pathways towards improving patient experience of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP): assessing patient satisfaction and attitudes. BJU Int 2019; 121 Suppl 3:33-39. [PMID: 29603580 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine patient satisfaction and experience after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer, using a convergent mixed-method qualitative analysis approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS 412 patients who underwent RARP between January 2014 and June 2016 were mailed questionnaires and invited to participate in focus groups. Qualitative data was thematically analysed using NVivo. Descriptive statistics were obtained from the questionnaire using SPSS. RESULTS 214 patients responded (52% of sample size) of whom 97.6% were satisfied and 91.1% would likely recommend RARP. Key themes from the qualitative data highlighted the psychosocial impacts of the diagnosis and RARP process. The importance of early recovery, the benefits of pelvic floor exercises and educational resources were emphasised. CONCLUSION Patients were overwhelmingly satisfied with RARP, largely due to relevance and timeliness of the information and support provided both before and after surgery. With an increased understanding of the factors and outcomes that are most important to patients regarding all aspects of hospital care, we can create more targeted care pathways. Key themes will help inform the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol to further improve recovery and early return to function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley R Reynolds
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Fremantle, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Department of Medical Research, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Fremantle, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Nik Zeps
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Fremantle, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Department of Medical Research, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Fremantle, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | | | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Urology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Justin Vivian
- Department of Urology, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
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Blackburn P, Bulsara C. "I am tired of having to prove that my husband was dead." Dealing with practical matters in bereavement and the impact on the bereaved. Death Stud 2018; 42:627-635. [PMID: 29364779 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2017.1415392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on experiences of dealing with practical matters after death. Semi structured interviews with bereaved individuals were thematically analyzed. Within the theme of coping, dealing with practical matters was a significant stressor and was found to be extremely challenging, time consuming, and to negatively impact on mental and emotional well-being. This study adds new insights on the challenges experienced by the bereaved when attending to practical matters and may help to inform the design of bereavement support, inform standard operating procedures of businesses, and government bereavement leave legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa Blackburn
- a Australian Health Services Research Institute (AHSRI), Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) , University of Wollongong , Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- a Australian Health Services Research Institute (AHSRI), Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) , University of Wollongong , Australia
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Taylor K, Monterosso L, Bulsara C. Qualitative results from a phase II pilot randomised controlled trial of a lymphoma nurse-led model of survivorship care. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2018; 35:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ho P, Bulsara C, Patman S, Bulsara M, Downs J, Hill AM. Investigating falls in adults with intellectual disability living in community settings and their experiences of post-fall care services: protocol for a prospective observational cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:171. [PMID: 30060735 PMCID: PMC6065066 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Falls among older adults with intellectual disability (ID) are recognised as a serious health problem potentially resulting in reduced health-related quality of life and premature placement in residential care. However there are limited studies that have investigated this problem and thus falls rates among older adults with ID remain uncertain. Furthermore, people with ID rely heavily on familial and professional care support to address health problems, such as after having a fall. No studies have explored the post-fall care that people with ID receive. Method This research will be carried out in two phases using a convergent mixed methods design. The aim of Phase 1 is to estimate the falls rate by prospectively observing a cohort of older adults (≥ 35 years) with ID (n = 90) for six months. Phase 1 will be conducted according to STROBE guidelines. In Phase 2, participants from Phase 1 who have experienced a fall(s) will be asked to participate in a semi-structured interview to explore their post-fall experience. Discussion This study will determine the rate of falls among older adults with ID living in community based settings, which will assist to identify the extent of this problem. Data collected from the study will also aid in understanding the circumstance of falls and related falls risk factors in this cohort. This will include exploring any barriers that older adults with ID may encounter when seeking or undertaking recommended post-fall care advice. Findings from this research will potentially inform future development of falls prevention services for older adults with ID. This study has been approved by the University Human Research Ethics Committee. Trial registration The protocol for this study is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12615000926538) on 7 September 2015. www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368990&isReview=true
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Affiliation(s)
- Portia Ho
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia.
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia
| | - Shane Patman
- School of Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, PO Box 1225, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, 100 Roberts Road, Subiaco, PO Box 855, West Perth, Western, 6872, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
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Neylon S, Bulsara C, Hill AM. Response to invited commentary. Australas J Ageing 2018; 37:90. [DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Neylon
- University of Notre Dame; Fremantle Western Australia Australia
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Shaw J, Bulsara C, Cohen PA, Gryta M, Nichols CB, Schofield L, O'Sullivan S, Pachter N, Hardcastle SJ. Investigating barriers to genetic counseling and germline mutation testing in women with suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome. Patient Educ Couns 2018; 101:938-944. [PMID: 29273311 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to explore barriers to genetic counseling and testing in women with gynecological cancers deemed at significant risk of carrying a germline mutation. METHODS A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and inductively analysed thematically. Eight patients with ovarian or endometrial cancer participated in individual semi-structured telephone interviews that assessed motivation for genetic counseling and testing, perceived benefits and barriers, timing of the approach, perceptions of the referral process to genetic services and locus of control in relation to cancer and health. RESULTS Analysis of the interview transcripts revealed five themes relating to perceptions of genetic counseling and testing: Lack of importance; Level of information received; Timing of referral processes; Fear and anxiety; Resistance to and perceptions of counseling. CONCLUSIONS Participants had a limited understanding of hereditary cancer syndromes and did not appreciate the benefits of genetic testing. A consistent approach at the time of referral to genetic services is needed to ensure that the level and format of information is appropriate for patients. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The rationale for genetic testing needs to be better explained to patients and the timing of referral should be based both on treatment priorities and patient preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Shaw
- St. John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- St. John of God Subiaco Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia; Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Women's and Infants' Health, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Madeleine Gryta
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cassandra B Nichols
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia; Inherited Cancer Connect Partnership (ICCon)
| | - Lyn Schofield
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah O'Sullivan
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia; WOMEN Centre, West Leederville, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas Pachter
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah J Hardcastle
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Douglas A, Mak D, Bulsara C, Macey D, Samarawickrema I. The teaching and learning of health advocacy in an Australian medical school. Int J Med Educ 2018; 9:26-34. [PMID: 29414796 PMCID: PMC5834824 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.5a4b.6a15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if medical graduates from an Australian university are educated and skilled in health advocacy for their future practice with patients and the wider community. METHODS The authors used an exploratory mixed methodology starting with curriculum mapping of the medical curriculum, followed by key informant interviews with the University of Notre Dame, School of Medicine academics (n = 6) and alumni (n = 5) on teaching/learning and practice of health advocacy. The final stage consisted of a cross-sectional survey on teaching/learning health advocacy among third and fourth (final) year medical students (N = 195). RESULTS The medical curriculum contained no explicit learning objectives on health advocacy. Key informant interviews demonstrated an appreciation of health advocacy and its importance in the medical curriculum but a deficit in explicit and practical 'hands-on' teaching. Survey response rate was 47% (n = 92). A majority of students (76%, n = 70) had heard of health advocacy, with this being more likely among third (92%, n = 33) compared with fourth-year students (67%, n = 37) (Fisher's Exact Test χ2 (2, N = 91) = 7.311, p = 0.02). Students reported having opportunities to observe (76%, n = 70) and practise health advocacy (50%, n = 46) in the curriculum. CONCLUSIONS Students and medical graduates demonstrated sound recognition of the term health advocacy. Deficits identified in the curriculum include lack of explicit learning objectives and "hands-on" learning opportunities in health advocacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabelle Douglas
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia
| | - Donna Mak
- Population and Preventive Health Domain, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia
| | - David Macey
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
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Francis-Coad J, Etherton-Beer C, Bulsara C, Blackburn N, Chivers P, Hill AM. Evaluating the impact of a falls prevention community of practice in a residential aged care setting: a realist approach. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:21. [PMID: 29334963 PMCID: PMC5769423 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are a major socio-economic problem among residential aged care (RAC) populations resulting in high rates of injury including hip fracture. Guidelines recommend that multifactorial prevention strategies are implemented but these require translation into clinical practice. A community of practice (CoP) was selected as a suitable model to support translation of the best available evidence into practice, as it could bring together like-minded people with falls expertise and local clinical knowledge providing a social learning opportunity in the pursuit of a common goal; falls prevention. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact of a falls prevention CoP on its membership; actions at facility level; and actions at organisation level in translating falls prevention evidence into practice. METHODS A convergent, parallel mixed methods evaluation design based on a realist approach using surveys, audits, observations and semi-structured interviews. Participants were 20 interdisciplinary staff nominating as CoP members between Nov 2013-Nov 2015 representing 13 facilities (approximately 780 beds) of a RAC organisation. The impact of the CoP was evaluated at three levels to identify how the CoP influenced the observed outcomes in the varying contexts of its membership (level i.), the RAC facility (level ii.) and RAC organisation (level iii.). RESULTS Staff participating as CoP members gained knowledge and awareness in falls prevention (p < 0.001) through connecting and sharing. Strategies prioritised and addressed at RAC facility level culminated in an increase in the proportion of residents supplemented with vitamin D (p = 0.002) and development of falls prevention education. At organisation level a falls policy reflecting preventative evidence-based guidelines and a new falls risk assessment procedure with aligned management plans were written, modified and implemented. A key disenabling mechanism identified by CoP members was limited time to engage in translation of evidence into practice whilst enabling mechanisms included proactive behaviours by staff and management. CONCLUSIONS Interdisciplinary staff participating in a falls prevention CoP gained connectivity and knowledge and were able to facilitate the translation of falls prevention evidence into practice in the context of their RAC facility and RAC organisation. Support from RAC organisational and facility management to make the necessary investment in staff time to enable change in falls prevention practice is essential for success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Francis-Coad
- 0000 0004 0402 6494grid.266886.4School of Physiotherapy, Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, Fremantle, Western Australia 6959 Australia
| | - Christopher Etherton-Beer
- 0000 0004 1936 7910grid.1012.2School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- 0000 0004 0402 6494grid.266886.4School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, Fremantle, Western Australia 6959 Australia
| | - Nicole Blackburn
- Brightwater Group, 355 Scarborough Beach Rd, Osborne Park, Western Australia 6017 Australia
| | - Paola Chivers
- 0000 0004 0402 6494grid.266886.4Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, 19 Mouat St, Fremantle, Western Australia 6959 Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- 0000 0004 0375 4078grid.1032.0School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
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Jonas-Dwyer DR, Gallagher O, Saunders R, Dugmore H, Bulsara C, Metcalfe H. Confronting reality: A case study of a group of student nurses undertaking a management of aggression training (MOAT) program. Nurse Educ Pract 2017; 27:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Arnold-Reed DE, Brett T, Troeung L, Vickery A, Garton-Smith J, Bell D, Pang J, Grace T, Bulsara C, Li I, Bulsara M, Watts GF. Detection and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care in Australia: protocol for a pragmatic cluster intervention study with pre-post intervention comparisons. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017539. [PMID: 29061621 PMCID: PMC5665303 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), an autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism, results in accelerated onset of atherosclerosis if left untreated. Lifelong treatment with diet, lifestyle modifications and statins enable a normal lifespan for most patients. Early diagnosis is critical. This protocol trials a primary care-based model of care (MoC) to improve detection and management of FH. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Pragmatic cluster intervention study with pre-post intervention comparisons in Australian general practices. At study baseline, current FH detection practice is assessed. Medical records over 2 years are electronically scanned using a data extraction tool (TARB-Ex) to identify patients at increased risk. High-risk patients are clinically reviewed to provide definitive, phenotypic diagnosis using Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria. Once an index family member with FH is identified, the primary care team undertake cascade testing of first-degree relatives to identify other patients with FH. Management guidance based on disease complexity is provided to the primary care team. Study follow-up to 12 months with TARB-Ex rerun to identify total number of new FH cases diagnosed over study period (via TARB-Ex, cascade testing and new cases presenting). At study conclusion, patient and clinical staff perceptions of enablers/barriers and suggested improvements to the approach will be examined. Resources at each stage will be traced to determine the economic implications of implementing the MoC and costed from health system perspective. Primary outcomes: increase in number of index cases clinically identified; reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of treated cases. SECONDARY OUTCOMES increase in the number of family cases detected/contacted; cost implications of the MoC. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Study approval by The University of Notre Dame Australia Human Research Ethics Committee Protocol ID: 0 16 067F. Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ID: 12616000630415. Information will be disseminated via research seminars, conference presentations, journal articles, media releases and community forums. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ID 12616000630415; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Arnold-Reed
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care Research, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tom Brett
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care Research, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lakkhina Troeung
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care Research, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alistair Vickery
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacquie Garton-Smith
- Department of Heath, Cardiovascular Health Network, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Clinical Services, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Damon Bell
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Departmenr of Clinical Biochemistry, Path West Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Depatment of Clinical Biochemistry, Australian Clinical Laboratories, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Service, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jing Pang
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Tegan Grace
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care Research, School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Bulsara
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ian Li
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Max Bulsara
- Institute of Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Service, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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