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Edouard P, Dandrieux PE, Junge A, Navarro L, Giroux C, Guex K, Branco P, Guilhem G, Hollander K. Is the risk of muscle injuries higher in the finals than in previous rounds of the 100 m, 200 m and 400 m sprints of international athletics championships? J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00055-0. [PMID: 38429218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare incidence rates of lower limb muscle injuries (LLMIs) and hamstring muscle injuries (HMIs) in 100 m, 200 m and 400 m sprints disciplines between finals, semi-finals and heats of international athletics championships. DESIGN Prospective total population study. METHODS We analysed in-competition LLMIs and HMIs of female and male athletes during eight championships between 2009 and 2022. RESULTS LLMI and HMI incidence rates in 100 m finals were significantly higher than in heats and semi-finals for female and male athletes. HMI incidence rates were significantly higher in 200 m finals than heats and semi-finals for male athletes. CONCLUSIONS LLMI and HMI risk was higher in finals compared to previous rounds during international athletics championships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Science (LIBM EA 7424), University Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, France; Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, France; European Athletics Medical & Anti Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Switzerland.
| | - Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Science (LIBM EA 7424), University Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, France; Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, France; Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Junge
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Center for Health in Performing Arts, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laurent Navarro
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, France
| | - Caroline Giroux
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), France
| | - Kenny Guex
- School of Health Sciences (HESAV), HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Switzerland; Department of Sprints, Hurdles and Relays, Swiss Athletics, Haus des Sports, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Branco
- European Athletics Medical & Anti Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Switzerland
| | - Gaël Guilhem
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), France
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Freeman JN, Giroux C, King T, Maready M, Marbrey C, Pasha S, Davis J. Variations in the management and clinical outcomes for children with diabetic ketoacidosis based upon the site of initial presentation. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00642-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Brown M, Giroux C, Lacome M, Leduc C, Hader K, Buchheit M. Effects of wearable resistance load placement on neuromuscular activity and stride kinematics: A preliminary study. S Afr J Sports Med 2022; 34:v34i1a13102. [PMID: 36815932 PMCID: PMC9924529 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2022/v34i1a13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wearable resistance (WR) training is a modality that allows athletes to perform loaded sport-specific movements to develop force and power outputs. The acute responses by which WR works is still relatively unknown, and the effects of WR load and location of the load has not yet been examined. Objectives To investigate the acute neuromuscular and stride characteristic responses to different wearable resistance (WR) loads and placements on the calf muscles during high-speed running. Methods Ten well-trained subjects completed a workout of ten sets of three 10s runs at 18km.h-1 (20s of rest between runs and one min between sets). Five conditions were tested: (1) unloaded control, (2) bilateral 0.75 vs. 1.5% body mass (BM) loading on the distal posterior calf, (3) bilateral proximal vs. distal loading of 1.5% BM positioned posteriorly, (4) bilateral anterior vs. posterior loading of 1.5% BM positioned distally, (5) unilateral loading of 1.5% BM on the distal posterior calf. Data were collected using Electromyography (EMG) and back-mounted GPS-embedded accelerometers. Magnitude of differences of within athlete and between muscle comparisons were calculated using effect sizes (ES) ± 90% confidence limits (CL). Results No substantial differences in accelerometry data were observed between any of the loaded conditions and the control. EMG activity was lower for proximal loading compared to the control for the gluteus maximus (ES±90%CL; -0.72±0.41), vastus lateralis (-0.89±0.47) and vastus medialis (VM) (-0.97±0.46). Anterior loading induced substantially lower EMG activity for the semitendinosus (-0.70±0.48) and VM (-0.64±0.39) muscles compared with the control. EMG activity of the VM (-0.73±0.46) muscle was also substantially lower for posterior loading compared to the control. Unilateral loading induced no substantial differences in EMG activity between the loaded and unloaded legs. Conclusion This preliminary study has provided a rationale for the performance of further investigations into the effects of WR lower limb loading on stride characteristics and EMG activity from a chronic standpoint using a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brown
- Paris Saint Germain, 5 Avenue du President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Saint Germain-en-Laye, Paris,
France, 78100
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Paris,
France
- Playermaker, 35 Ballards Lane, London,
United Kingdom N3 1XW
| | - C Giroux
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Paris,
France
| | - M Lacome
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Paris,
France
- Parma Calcio 1913, Performance and Analytics Department, Parma,
Italy
| | - C Leduc
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,
United Kingdom
| | - K Hader
- Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - M Buchheit
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Paris,
France
- Kitman Labs, Performance Research Intelligence Initiative, Dublin,
Ireland
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da Silva AP, Giroux C, Sellers HS, Mendoza-Reilley A, Stoute S, Gallardo RA. Characterization of an Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated from Commercial Layers Suffering from False Layer Syndrome. Avian Dis 2021; 65:373-380. [PMID: 34427410 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-21-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a gammacoronavirus that primarily induces an upper respiratory disease in chickens, also affecting the urogenital tract and occasionally leading to a condition called false layer syndrome (FLS), where sexually mature hens ovulate normally but are unable to lay eggs. Here, we describe an outbreak of FLS in Arizona from which an IBV variant that is nearly 90% homologous to DMV/1639 using the Spike subunit 1 gene, named AZ/FLS/17, was isolated and used in challenge experiments. Three-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were challenged with AZ/FLS/17 or M41 in high and low doses, and the disease outcomes were compared. Overall, no differences in microscopic lesions or viral loads in the reproductive tract were detected between AZ/FLS/17- and M41-infected birds. To minimize the losses linked to FLS in the problematic flocks, an updated live-attenuated IBV vaccine protocol including the use of the Ma5 strain at the hatchery was implemented, resulting in a drastic reduction of false layers in the subsequent flocks. To monitor the circulation of wild-type and vaccine strains in this population, a molecular surveillance study was performed. Samples were collected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days of age, and from laying hens at 30 and 36 wk. In older birds, the IBV strains detected were more diverse than at 1 and 7 days of age. Nevertheless, live vaccine combinations are still widely used to decrease the losses caused by FLS in commercial egg laying flocks worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P da Silva
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4008 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616
| | - C Giroux
- Hickman's Family Farms, Buckeye, AZ 85326
| | - H S Sellers
- Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens GA 30602
| | | | - S Stoute
- California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock Branch, University of California, Davis, Turlock, CA 95380
| | - R A Gallardo
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4008 VM3B, Davis, CA 95616,
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Bellicha A, Giroux C, Ciangura C, Menoux D, Thoumie P, Oppert JM, Portero P. Vertical Jump on a Force Plate for Assessing Muscle Strength and Power in Women With Severe Obesity: Reliability, Validity, and Relations With Body Composition. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:75-81. [PMID: 32218061 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bellicha, A, Giroux, C, Ciangura, C, Menoux, D, Thoumie, P, Oppert, J-M, and Portero, P. Vertical jump on a force plate for assessing muscle strength and power in women with severe obesity: reliability, validity, and relations with body composition. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-Muscle strength and power, particularly when assessed during multijoint movements such as vertical jump (VJ), are important predictors of health status and physical function. Vertical jump is mainly used in athletes, also in untrained or older adults, but has not yet been used in subjects with obesity. We aimed to assess the following in this population: (a) the reliability of VJ parameters, (b) their validity compared with isokinetic testing, and (c) their relations with body composition. In 20 women with severe obesity (mean [SD] age: 41.1 [11.6] years; body mass index: 43.9 [4.4] kg·m) without severe orthopedic disorders, VJ parameters, knee extension torque, and body composition were assessed using a force plate, an isokinetic dynamometer, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Excellent reliability was found for absolute peak power and peak force in VJ (intraclass correlation coefficient [95% confidence interval]: 0.95 [0.88-0.98] and 0.90 [0.77-0.96], respectively), and moderate to good validity of peak power and peak force compared with isokinetic torque (r = 0.79 and r = 0.67, respectively; all p < 0.01). Positive relations were found between peak force and peak power during VJ and lean body mass (r = 0.89 and r = 0.60, respectively; p < 0.01) and a negative relation was found between peak velocity or VJ height and fat mass (r = -0.65 and -0.64, respectively; p < 0.01). These results suggest that VJ on a force plate is a reliable and valid test for assessing muscle strength and power in severely obese subjects. Vertical jump testing is easy to implement, which can facilitate its use in both research and clinical testing in this setting (ClinicalTrials.govID: NCT03325764).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bellicha
- Laboratory Bioengineering, Tissues and Neuroplasticity (BIOTN EA7377), University Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Giroux
- Laboratory Bioengineering, Tissues and Neuroplasticity (BIOTN EA7377), University Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Cécile Ciangura
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Ho[Combining Circumflex Accent]pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitie[Combining Acute Accent]-Salpe[Combining Circumflex Accent]trie[Combining Grave Accent]re Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Diane Menoux
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Assistance Publique-Ho[Combining Circumflex Accent]pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Rothschild Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Thoumie
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Assistance Publique-Ho[Combining Circumflex Accent]pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Rothschild Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Agathe Team, INSERM UA1150, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Nutrition, Assistance Publique-Ho[Combining Circumflex Accent]pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitie[Combining Acute Accent]-Salpe[Combining Circumflex Accent]trie[Combining Grave Accent]re Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Portero
- Laboratory Bioengineering, Tissues and Neuroplasticity (BIOTN EA7377), University Paris-Est, Créteil, France
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Giroux C, Hategan A, Bourne C. Reproductive rights on the path of liberation: from deconstructing the concept of control in our society to emphasizing pro-attachment attitudes. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020; 43:e497-e499. [PMID: 32026930 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The debate about abortion is recurrently pervading not only politics and public health but also society at large, even within the utilization of mass media. The authors reinforce that access to reproductive health is a human rights issue and discuss facts and misconceptions associated with the procedure. They reframe the discussion and scripts sometimes found in pop culture, illuminating how attitudes towards reproductive rights may affect people. To address the polarization impasse, they propose using the lens of attachment relationships and offer corresponding solutions on three core levels: educational, social and narrative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giroux
- UC Davis Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ana Hategan
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Christina Bourne
- UC Davis Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Giroux C, Hager R, Feugray J, Lauby G, Dorel S, Nordez A, Guilhem G. Effects of plantar flexors training (force vs. velocity) on plantar flexion and squat jump force-velocity relationships. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1714940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Giroux
- Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
- Laboratory Bioengineering, Tissues and Neuroplasticity (BIOTN EA7377), University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - R. Hager
- Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - J. Feugray
- Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - G. Lauby
- Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | | | - A. Nordez
- Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance, University of Nantes, UFR STAPS, Nantes, France
| | - G. Guilhem
- Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
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Azarang A, Pakyurek M, Giroux C, Nordahl TE, Yellowlees P. Information Technologies: An Augmentation to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment Among Trauma Survivors. Telemed J E Health 2019; 25:263-271. [DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2018.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atoosa Azarang
- MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Murat Pakyurek
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Caroline Giroux
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Thomas E. Nordahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Peter Yellowlees
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California-Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
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Giroux C, Maciejewski H, Ben-Abdessamie A, Chorin F, Lardy J, Ratel S, Rahmani A. Correction: Relationship between Force-Velocity Profiles and 1,500-m Ergometer Performance in Young Rowers. Int J Sports Med 2018; 38:e4. [PMID: 29361644 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giroux
- Le Mans University, Laboratory 'Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sports Siences, Le Mans, France.,University of Paris-Est Créteil, Laboratory 'Bioingenierie, Tissus et Neuroplasiticité' (EA 7377), Créteil, France
| | | | - Amal Ben-Abdessamie
- Le Mans University, Laboratory 'Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sports Siences, Le Mans, France
| | - Frédéric Chorin
- Pôle Réhabilitation Autonomie Vieillissement, CHU de Cimiez, Nice, France.,LAMHESS - Laboratoire Motricité Humaine, Expertise, Sport, Santé, UFR STAPS, Nice, France
| | - Julien Lardy
- Le Mans University, Laboratory 'Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sports Siences, Le Mans, France
| | - Sebastien Ratel
- Blaise-Pascal University, Laboratory AME2P, UFR STAPS, Aubière, France
| | - Abderrahmane Rahmani
- Le Mans University, Laboratory 'Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sports Siences, Le Mans, France
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Giroux C, Roduit B, Rodriguez-Falces J, Duchateau J, Maffiuletti NA, Place N. Short vs. long pulses for testing knee extensor neuromuscular properties: does it matter? Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 118:361-369. [PMID: 29218407 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed at comparing knee extensor neuromuscular properties determined with transcutaneous electrical stimulation using two pulse durations before and after a standardized fatigue protocol. METHODS In the first sub-study, 19 healthy participants (ten women and nine men; 28 ± 5 years) took part to two separate testing sessions involving the characterization of voluntary activation (twitch interpolation technique), muscle contractility (evoked forces by single and paired stimuli), and neuromuscular propagation (M-wave amplitude from vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles) obtained at supramaximal intensity with a pulse duration of either 0.2 or 1 ms. The procedures were identical in the second sub-study (N = 11), except that neuromuscular properties were also evaluated after a standardized fatiguing exercise. Electrical stimulation was delivered through large surface electrodes positioned over the quadriceps muscle and a visual analog scale was used to evaluate the discomfort to paired stimuli evoked at rest. RESULTS There was no difference between pulse durations in the estimates of voluntary activation, neuromuscular propagation, and muscle contractility both in the non-fatigued and fatigued states. The discomfort associated with supramaximal paired electrical stimuli was also comparable between the two pulse durations. CONCLUSIONS It appears that 0.2- and 1-ms-long pulses provide a comparable evaluation of knee extensor neuromuscular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giroux
- Laboratory ‛Bioingenierie, Tissus et Neuroplasticité' (EA 7377), Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), Research Department, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Boris Roduit
- Institut des Sciences du Sport de l'Université de Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Centre, Bâtiment Synathlon, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Javier Rodriguez-Falces
- Department of Electrical and Electronical Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jacques Duchateau
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Nicolas Place
- Institut des Sciences du Sport de l'Université de Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Centre, Bâtiment Synathlon, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Giroux C, Maciejewski H, Ben-Abdessamie A, Chorin F, Lardy J, Ratel S, Rahmani A. Relationship between Force-Velocity Profiles and 1,500-m Ergometer Performance in Young Rowers. Int J Sports Med 2017; 38:992-1000. [PMID: 28965345 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Rowing races require developing high level of force and power output at high contraction velocity. This study determined the force-velocity and power-velocity (F-P-V) profiles of lower and upper limbs of adolescent rowers and their relationships with a 1,500-m rowing ergometer performance. The power developed during the 1,500-m (P1500) was evaluated in fourteen national-level male rowers (age: 15.3±0.6 yrs). F-P-V profiles were assessed during bench pull (BP) and squat jump (SJ) exercises. The theoretical maximal values of force (F0), velocity (V0), power output (Pmax) and the F-V relationship slope (S FV ) were determined. The body mass (BM) influence on these relationships was considered using an allometric approach. F0 was 720±144 and 2146±405 N, V0 was 1.8±0.1 and 1.8±0.3 m·s-1, Pmax was 333±83 and 968±204 W and SFV was -391±54 and -1,200±260 N·s·m-1 for BP and SJ, respectively. Upper and lower limb F0 and Pmax were significantly related. P1500 was significantly (P<0.05) correlated to V0-BP, F0-BP, SFV-BP, Pmax-BP, F0-SJ and Pmax-SJ (r²=0.29 to 0.79). BM accounted for more than 90% of these relationships. Rowers' F-P-V profiles reflect adaptations to chronic rowing practice. F-P-V profiles and rowing performance correlations suggest that BP and SJ exercises are relevant to evaluate young rowers' explosive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giroux
- Le Mans University, Laboratory ‛Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sport Sciences, Le Mans, France
| | - Hugo Maciejewski
- University of Paris-Est Créteil, Laboratory ‛Bioingenierie, Tissus et Neuroplasticité' (EA 7377), Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Biomechanics and Human Modelling,Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Sud, Oullins cedex, France.,French Rowing Federation, Nogent-sur-Marne, France
| | - Amal Ben-Abdessamie
- Le Mans University, Laboratory ‛Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sport Sciences, Le Mans, France
| | - Frédéric Chorin
- Le Mans University, Laboratory ‛Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sport Sciences, Le Mans, France
| | - Julien Lardy
- Le Mans University, Laboratory ‛Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sport Sciences, Le Mans, France
| | - Sebastien Ratel
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Human Modelling,Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Sud, Oullins cedex, France.,Blaise-Pascal University, Laboratory AME2P, UFR STAPS, Aubière, France
| | - Abderrahmane Rahmani
- French Rowing Federation, Nogent-sur-Marne, France.,University of Paris-Est Créteil, Laboratory ‛Bioingenierie, Tissus et Neuroplasticité' (EA 7377), Créteil, France
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Guilhem G, Giroux C, Couturier A, Chollet D, Rabita G. Mechanical and muscular coordination patterns during a high-level fencing assault. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 46:341-50. [PMID: 24441214 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3182a6401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the coordination of lower limb muscles during a specific fencing gesture in relation to its mechanical effectiveness. METHODS Maximal isokinetic concentric and isometric plantarflexor, dorsiflexor, knee and hip extensor and flexor torques of 10 female elite saber fencers were assessed and compared between both legs. Sabers completed three trials of a specific fencing gesture (i.e., marché-fente) on a 6.60-m-long force platform system. Surface EMG activities of 15 lower limb muscles were recorded in time with ground reaction forces and separated into four distinct assault phases. EMG signals were normalized to the muscle activity assessed during maximal isometric contraction. Mechanical and EMG data were compared between both legs over the entire assault and in each phase (ANOVA). Potential correlations between muscle strength and average EMG activities were tested (Bravais-Pearson coefficient). RESULTS EMG activity patterns showed that rear hip and knee extensor and plantarflexor muscles were mainly activated during propulsive (concentric) phases, while front hip and knee extensor muscles were strongly solicited during the final braking (eccentric) phase to decelerate the body mass. Although fencers presented greater maximal hip (+10%) and knee (+26%) extensor strength in the front than in the rear leg (P < 0.05), rear hip and knee extensor strength was significantly correlated to the maximal anteroposterior velocity (r = 0.60-0.81). Moreover, muscle activity of the rear extensors was related to average velocity during the second propulsive phase (phase 3). CONCLUSIONS This study gathers the first evidence of a crucial role of the rear extensor muscles in fencing speed performance. Such findings suggest interesting perspectives in the definition of specific training or rehabilitation programs for elite fencers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Guilhem
- 1French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance, Paris, FRANCE; and 2CETAPS UPRES EA 3832, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, FRANCE
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Rahmani A, Giroux C, Ben Abdessamie A, Chorin F, Lardy J, Maciejewski H. Anaerobic physical evaluation of young national rowers. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2015; 18 Suppl 1:2034-5. [PMID: 26237417 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2015.1069609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rahmani
- a Laboratoire 'Motricité, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Université Le Mans , Le Mans , France
| | - C Giroux
- a Laboratoire 'Motricité, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Université Le Mans , Le Mans , France
| | - A Ben Abdessamie
- a Laboratoire 'Motricité, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Université Le Mans , Le Mans , France
| | - F Chorin
- a Laboratoire 'Motricité, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Université Le Mans , Le Mans , France.,b Centre d'Innovation et d'Usages en Santé, CIU-Santé , Nice , France
| | - J Lardy
- a Laboratoire 'Motricité, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Université Le Mans , Le Mans , France
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Guilhem G, Giroux C, Couturier A, Maffiuletti NA. Validity of trunk extensor and flexor torque measurements using isokinetic dynamometry. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2014; 24:986-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
This study determined the concurrent validity and reliability of force, velocity and power measurements provided by accelerometry, linear position transducer and Samozino's methods, during loaded squat jumps. 17 subjects performed squat jumps on 2 separate occasions in 7 loading conditions (0-60% of the maximal concentric load). Force, velocity and power patterns were averaged over the push-off phase using accelerometry, linear position transducer and a method based on key positions measurements during squat jump, and compared to force plate measurements. Concurrent validity analyses indicated very good agreement with the reference method (CV=6.4-14.5%). Force, velocity and power patterns comparison confirmed the agreement with slight differences for high-velocity movements. The validity of measurements was equivalent for all tested methods (r=0.87-0.98). Bland-Altman plots showed a lower agreement for velocity and power compared to force. Mean force, velocity and power were reliable for all methods (ICC=0.84-0.99), especially for Samozino's method (CV=2.7-8.6%). Our findings showed that present methods are valid and reliable in different loading conditions and permit between-session comparisons and characterization of training-induced effects. While linear position transducer and accelerometer allow for examining the whole time-course of kinetic patterns, Samozino's method benefits from a better reliability and ease of processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giroux
- French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance
| | - G Rabita
- French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance
| | - D Chollet
- CETAPS Laboratory EA3832, Université de Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - G Guilhem
- French National Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance
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Giroux C, Guilhem G, Chollet D, Rabita G. Muscle coordination in loaded squat jump. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2014; 17 Suppl 1:158-9. [PMID: 25074213 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2014.931621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Giroux
- a Laboratory SEP, Research Department , French National Institute of Sports (INSEP) , Paris , France
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Clappier E, Auclerc MF, Rapion J, Bakkus M, Caye A, Khemiri A, Giroux C, Hernandez L, Kabongo E, Savola S, Leblanc T, Yakouben K, Plat G, Costa V, Ferster A, Girard S, Fenneteau O, Cayuela JM, Sigaux F, Dastugue N, Suciu S, Benoit Y, Bertrand Y, Soulier J, Cavé H. An intragenic ERG deletion is a marker of an oncogenic subtype of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a favorable outcome despite frequent IKZF1 deletions. Leukemia 2013; 28:70-7. [PMID: 24064621 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic subtypes in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) are used for risk stratification. However, a significant number of BCP-ALL patients are still genetically unassigned. Using array-comparative genomic hybridization in a selected BCP-ALL cohort, we characterized a recurrent V(D)J-mediated intragenic deletion of the ERG gene (ERG(del)). A breakpoint-specific PCR assay was designed and used to screen an independent non-selected cohort of 897 children aged 1-17 years treated for BCP-ALL in the EORTC-CLG 58951 trial. ERG(del) was found in 29/897 patients (3.2%) and was mutually exclusive of known classifying genetic lesions, suggesting that it characterized a distinct leukemia entity. ERG(del) was associated with higher age (median 7.0 vs. 4.0 years, P=0.004), aberrant CD2 expression (43.5% vs. 3.7%, P<0.001) and frequent IKZF1 Δ4-7 deletions (37.9% vs. 5.3%, P<0.001). However, ERG(del) patients had a very good outcome, with an 8-year event-free survival (8-y EFS) and an 8-year overall survival of 86.4% and 95.6%, respectively, suggesting that the IKZF1 deletion had no impact on prognosis in this genetic subtype. Accordingly, within patients with an IKZF1 Δ4-7 deletion, those with ERG(del) had a better outcome (8-y EFS: 85.7% vs. 51.3%; hazard ratio: 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.02-1.20; P=0.04). These findings have implications for further stratification including IKZF1 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clappier
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [3] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M F Auclerc
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Department of Pediatric Hematology, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J Rapion
- EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Bakkus
- Molecular Hematology Laboratory, UZ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Caye
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - A Khemiri
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Giroux
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - L Hernandez
- U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - E Kabongo
- Molecular Hematology Laboratory, UZ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Savola
- MRC-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - K Yakouben
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Robert-Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G Plat
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, University Hospital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - V Costa
- Department of Pediatrics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Ferster
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Children's University Hospital Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Girard
- Hematology Laboratory, IHOP, Lyon, France
| | - O Fenneteau
- Hematology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J M Cayuela
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - F Sigaux
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - N Dastugue
- Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - S Suciu
- EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Benoit
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Bertrand
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, IHOP and Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - J Soulier
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - H Cavé
- 1] Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
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Mensah MN, Waugh T, Lavoie R, Dumas J, Bernier M, Garneau MJ, Giroux C, Otis J. "The VIHsibilite Project": HIV-positive people in the Quebec press and community responses. AIDS Care 2008; 20:596-600. [PMID: 18484331 DOI: 10.1080/09540120701867164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The VIHsibilite Project is a community-based action-research initiative that examines newspaper coverage of HIV/AIDS issues in Quebec from 1988 to 2004. Using standard qualitative research methods, and in consultation with an advisory committee of people directly impacted by HIV/AIDS news coverage, the project discerns trends in reporting on HIV/AIDS and undertakes discursive content analysis of these, aiming to better understand in what normative ways seropositive people are represented in print media, and, ultimately, to reduce the stigma attendant upon HIV infection. Preliminary findings include indications that seropositive women tend to be represented markedly differently from men in the news.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Mensah
- Ecole de travail social and Institut de recherches et d'études feministes, Université du Québec à Montreal, Succursale Centreville, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Jacob MC, Agrawal S, Chaperot L, Giroux C, Gressin R, Le Marc'Hadour F, Favre M, Sotto JJ, Bensa JC, Plumas J. Quantification of cellular adhesion molecules on malignant B cells from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leukemia 1999; 13:1428-33. [PMID: 10482995 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The expression of five cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs), CD54, CD58, CD11a, CD29 and CD49d, was studied in 113 B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and in normal B cells from 12 control lymph nodes. Rather than reporting the percentage of positive cells, which does not discriminate between NHL subtypes, we quantified the intensity of CAM expression using flow cytometry. Apart from CD49d the expression of all these CAMs was statistically different among the NHL subtypes as defined by the REAL classification. Low grade NHL-small lymphocytic, follicular and mantle cell lymphoma--which are derived from quiescent cells and show an indolent disease course, expressed low levels of CAMs. Conversely, high grade NHL-diffuse large cell lymphoma--which are derived from proliferating cells and are clinically aggressive, expressed high levels of CAMs. These results indicate that in malignant NHL B cell tumour growth and clinical aggressiveness may be related to the adhesive capacities of the tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Jacob
- Department of Immunology, ETS Isère-Savoie, Grenoble, France
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21
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Chaperot L, Jacob MC, Le Vacon F, Giroux C, Molens JP, Sotto JJ, Bensa JC, Plumas J. Relationships between susceptibility to LAK cell-mediated lysis, conjugate formation and expression of adhesion molecules in B-cell derived non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Leuk Lymphoma 1997; 28:133-43. [PMID: 9498712 DOI: 10.3109/10428199709058339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy with LAK cells has been investigated for the treatment of B-cell-derived lymphomas, but only a few significant tumor regressions were obtained. In order to explain this refractory state, the sensitivity to normal LAK-mediated lysis of 30 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) malignant B-cells was determined using flow cytofluorimetry. A large heterogeneity was found, and we report a close correlation (p < 0.001) between the extent of lysis of malignant B-cells and their ability to form conjugates with LAK cells; which is the first step in LAK-mediated cytolysis. The levels of expression of HLA class I molecules, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), CD54 and CD58 were also studied and found to be expressed very heterogeneously. CD54 expression on malignant B-cells plays a major role in the initial conjugate formation with LAK cells (p < 0.001), and this was confirmed by inhibition experiments. Our results suggest that a weak expression of CD54 could constitute one mechanism by which NHL tumor B-cells escape natural immune surveillance and resist LAK cells immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chaperot
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie ETS Isère et Savoie BP, La Tronche, France
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22
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Abstract
The role cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) plays in diabetes is not well known. The aim of this study was to identify the factors involved in CAN in diabetic patients. One hundred patients, 44 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 56 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM), were investigated, using five standard tests. Three of these tests were for parasympathetic control (cardiac response to the lying-to-standing, deep breathing, and Valsalva tests), and the other two measured sympathetic control (testing for orthostatic hypotension and evaluating heart and blood pressure response to the handgrip test). Results were compared to those found in a series of 40 healthy volunteers. An age-adjusted comparison with the controls, showed that 34 patients had one abnormal parasympathetic test, 23 had two, and 6 patients had three. Cardiac parasympathetic neuropathy was thus present in 63% of the patients. The handgrip test was completed by 84 diabetic patients. There was evidence of orthostatic hypotension and/or an abnormal cardiac response to the handgrip in 15 of these patients, who all had a parasympathetic abnormality as well. There was no significant association between the type of diabetes and the presence of CAN. The duration of diabetes was significantly longer in patients with CAN (9.3 +/- 0.9 years) (p < 0.01) than in those with all three parasympathetic tests normal (5.8 +/- 0.9 years) (p < 0.01). The HbA1c level was also higher in patients with CAN than in those with three normal parasympathetic tests (9.95 +/- 0.35% versus 8.17 +/- 0.42%, p < 0.005). There was a significant association between the presence of retinopathy, observed by angiofluorography, and the presence of peripheral neuropathy confirmed by the electrophysiological investigation and the presence of CAN (p < 0.001). However, more than half the patients without retinopathy or nephropathy had CAN, and 11 of the 31 patients with a normal electrophysiological investigation also had CAN. Eighteen patients (6 IDDM) without retinopathy and nephropathy, who had been diabetic for less than 2 years, also had CAN. This study shows that CAN occurs early and is frequently found in a population of unselected diabetic patients. Metabolic factors may play an important role in its occurrence. CAN is significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy, which suggests that an impairment of autonomic peripheral blood flow control might be a contributing factor in the formation of microvascular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valensi
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, Paris-Nord University, Bond, France
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Valensi P, Giroux C, Seeboth-Ghalayini B, Attali JR. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: effects of age, duration of diabetes, glycemic control, and vascular factors. J Diabetes Complications 1997; 11:27-34. [PMID: 9025010 DOI: 10.1016/s1056-8727(95)00086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and more particularly its relation to precisely assessed microangiopathy. Peripheral neuropathy was assessed in 135 diabetic patients: 28 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 85 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 22 insulin-treated NIDDM patients, on the basis of both clinical findings and extensive electrophysiological testing (four motor nerves and four sensory nerves, and right and left Hoffmann's reflex), using a total of 20 parameters. The percentage of women with severe clinical neuropathy was significantly higher than that of men, and the clinical neurological stage correlated significantly with age and duration of diabetes. According to multivariate analysis the clinical stage correlated only with gender and duration of diabetes. Several electrophysiological parameters were significantly more abnormal in women and correlated with age, type and duration of diabetes, and recent glycemic control. The multivariate analysis showed that 17 electrophysiological parameters correlated with duration of diabetes, nine correlated with age, seven with glycemic control, and only one with gender. The presence of clinical neuropathy also correlated with presence of retinopathy, arterial hypertension, macroangiopathy, and biological signs of nephropathy. All the electrophysiological parameters were significantly more abnormal in patients with retinopathy or macroangiopathy than in patients without these complications. Separate parameter analysis showed that at least one abnormal electrophysiological parameter was almost always found in patients with retinopathy, macroangiopathy, or incipient nephropathy, but abnormalities were also found to a slightly lesser extent in patients without these complications. Multivariate analysis showed that when duration of diabetes, retinopathy, macroangiopathy, and biological signs of nephropathy were introduced into the model, 11 electrophysiological parameters correlated with duration of diabetes, 11 with retinopathy, seven with macroangiopathy, and five with a sign of nephropathy. This study demonstrates that age and glycemic control have an effect, and diabetes duration a major effect on peripheral nerve function. It suggests that vascular factors may participate in the development of nerve lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Valensi
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Jean Verdier Hospital, Paris-Nord University, Bondy, France
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giroux
- Synthélabo Recherche, Bagneux, France
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Plumas J, Chaperot L, Jacob MC, Molens JP, Giroux C, Sotto JJ, Bensa JC. Malignant B lymphocytes from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma induce allogeneic proliferative and cytotoxic T cell responses in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures: an important role of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) in stimulation by tumor cells. Eur J Immunol 1995; 25:3332-41. [PMID: 8566020 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830251220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the stimulating capacities of malignant B cells from non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) to induce an allogeneic response in primary mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). T cells purified from a single healthy donor (KS) were used to compare the responses induced by either malignant or hyperplastic cells. Malignant B cells induced strong proliferation of KS cells independently of their level of expression of adhesion molecules. The KS cells after MLR were predominantly CD3+, CD25+, HLA-DR+, Ki67+ and CD45RO+ T cells, and the CD4/CD8 ratio was heterogeneous (from 0.8 to 2.7). To investigate the role of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 for the stimulatory capacities of B cells, the expression of both molecules was analyzed before and during the MLR. Most fresh malignant B cells were negative for CD80 and CD86, whereas co-cultured B cells expressed high levels of both molecules. This expression was crucial for T cell proliferation, since monoclonal antibodies directed against CD80 and CD86 completely abrogated the MLR. We also report that KS responding cells at the end of co-culture were able to lyse fresh B cells used as stimulator cells to different extents (from 10 to 51%), and the level of lysis was enhanced after PMA activation of the target cells. Inhibition experiments using CD8 and CD4 mAb showed that effector cells were mainly CD8+. This report is the first to describe the accessory function of human malignant B cells from NHL and their sensitivity to lysis mediated by CD8+ T cells, and suggests new strategies for the development of antitumor immunity in NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Plumas
- Immunology Laboratory, Blood Center, Grenoble, France
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Abstract
The product of the RAD3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for mitotic cell viability and excision repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers. Certain rad3 mutant alleles (originally called rem1) increase the rates of both spontaneous mitotic recombination and mutation. The increase in mutation rates is not dependent upon the presence of the RAD6 error-prone pathway. The mutator phenotype suggests that the wild-type RAD3 gene product may be involved in the maintenance of fidelity of DNA replication in addition to its known role in excision repair. To investigate the role that RAD3 might play in mutation avoidance, we have utilized a well-characterized shuttle vector system to study the mutational spectrum occurring in rad3-102 strains and compare it to that seen in RAD3 strains. The results put constraints on the role that the rad-102 mutant gene product must play if the RAD3 protein is a component of the replication complex. Alternatively, the mutational spectrum is consistent with the hypothesis that the rad3-102 mutant protein interferes with postreplication mismatch repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Montelone
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242
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Garreau M, Giroux C, L'Heritier C, Coupez M, Eich F, Morselli PL. PILOT STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF SL 82.0715 IN PSYCHOTIC SYNDROMES. Clin Neuropharmacol 1992; 15 Suppl 1 Pt A:699A-700A. [PMID: 1354073 DOI: 10.1097/00002826-199201001-00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Garreau
- Synthelabo Recherche (Lers), Paris, France
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Scatton B, Carter C, Benavides J, Giroux C. N-Methyl- D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists: A Novel Therapeutic Perspective for the Treatment of Ischemic Brain Injury. Cerebrovasc Dis 1991. [DOI: 10.1159/000108829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
The skin response to intradermal injections of serial dilutions of histamine was studied in 68 cancer patients and 29 noncancer, nonallergic subjects. In cancer patients with primary tumor with or without metastasis, incidence and size of wheals and flare were markedly depressed by comparison with control subjects. Pseudopods were rare, and itching was absent. Similar results were observed in patients in which excisions of the primary tumor dated from less than 5 weeks. In contrast, when excision dated from greater than 2 months, skin tests returned to almost normal values. Intermediate values were obtained in patients with metastases alone. This decrease in skin response to histamine was not due to a peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients, since results of electrophysiologic studies were not different in cancer and noncancer patients. The presence of a tumor mimics the effects of general administration of histamine H1 antagonists on the skin response to histamine.
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Salama J, Hauw JJ, Dubas F, Giroux C, Frison A, Delaporte P. [Adie's syndrome and polyneuropathy: apropos of a new case and a case of pupillotonia, polyneuropathy and generalized amyloidosis sparing the nerve]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1984; 135:39-42. [PMID: 6703570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The association of Adie's syndrome and of neuropathy of chronic evolution is not a frequent occurrence; first made known by Togi in 1967, four cases have been described ever since. The authors report two new observations: one concerns a man showing a unilateral tonic pupil associated to sensory neuropathy, raised C.S.F. protein, rarefaction of myelinated fibres with schwannian proliferation, without amyloid deposit. The other is that of a woman affected with bilateral pupillotonia, motor neuropathy of the four limbs and generalized amylosis. If the first observation is comparable to the five cases reported, the second is more questionable: the absence of amyloid deposit on three nerve biopsies and at the ciliary ganglion level does not absolutely exclude the possibility of amyloid neuropathy.
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Marteau R, Serdaru M, Mallecourt J, Giroux C. [Polyradiculoneuritis after injection of fresh cells]. Nouv Presse Med 1982; 11:865-6. [PMID: 7070980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Doury P, Cristau P, Pattin S, Schwartz J, Roue R, Giroux C. [Post-meningococcal rheumatism]. Sem Hop 1977; 53:1941-6. [PMID: 208160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of post-meningococcal inflammatory arthritis with a relapsing course in one case are reported. The authors then recall the characteristics of the joint manifestations during meningococcal infections in the light of other cases in the literature. These arthropathies are generally aseptic and their resistance to antibiotics is remarkable, whilst non- steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, even used alone as in one of the cases reported here, are remarkably effective. The pathogenesis of these cases of arthritis is not clear: it seems however according to Greenwood and Whittle that they are manifestations of immuno-allergic type. This "post-meningococcal rheumatism" may be compared to the gonococcal rheumatism of certain cases of Reiter's syndrome.
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