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Bradu P, Biswas A, Nair C, Sreevalsakumar S, Patil M, Kannampuzha S, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Renu K, Vellingiri B, Gopalakrishnan AV. Recent advances in green technology and Industrial Revolution 4.0 for a sustainable future. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:124488-124519. [PMID: 35397034 PMCID: PMC8994424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This review gives concise information on green technology (GT) and Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). Climate change has begun showing its impacts on the environment, and the change is real. The devastating COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected lives and the world from the deadly consequences at a social, economic, and environmental level. In order to balance this crisis, there is a need to transition toward green, sustainable forms of living and practices. We need green innovative technologies (GTI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to develop green, durable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly products for a sustainable future. GTI encompasses all innovations that contribute to developing significant products, services, or processes that lower environmental harm, impact, and worsening while augmenting natural resource utilization. Sensors are typically used in IoT environmental monitoring applications to aid ecological safety by nursing air or water quality, atmospheric or soil conditions, and even monitoring species' movements and habitats. The industries and the governments are working together, have come up with solutions-the Green New Deal, carbon pricing, use of bio-based products as biopesticides, in biopharmaceuticals, green building materials, bio-based membrane filters for removing pollutants, bioenergy, biofuels and are essential for the green recovery of world economies. Environmental biotechnology, Green Chemical Engineering, more bio-based materials to separate pollutants, and product engineering of advanced materials and environmental economies are discussed here to pave the way toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the UN and achieve the much-needed IR 4.0 for a greener-balanced environment and a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Bradu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Antara Biswas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Chandralekha Nair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Salini Sreevalsakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Megha Patil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sandra Kannampuzha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 600 007
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Muretta JM, Rajasekaran D, Blat Y, Little S, Myers M, Nair C, Burdekin B, Yuen SL, Jimenez N, Guhathakurta P, Wilson A, Thompson AR, Surti N, Connors D, Chase P, Harden D, Barbieri CM, Adam L, Thomas DD. HTS driven by fluorescence lifetime detection of FRET identifies activators and inhibitors of cardiac myosin. SLAS Discov 2023; 28:223-232. [PMID: 37307989 PMCID: PMC10422832 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules that bind to allosteric sites on target proteins to alter protein function are highly sought in drug discovery. High-throughput screening (HTS) assays are needed to facilitate the direct discovery of allosterically active compounds. We have developed technology for high-throughput time-resolved fluorescence lifetime detection of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), which enables the detection of allosteric modulators by monitoring changes in protein structure. We tested this approach at the industrial scale by adapting an allosteric FRET sensor of cardiac myosin to high-throughput screening (HTS), based on technology provided by Photonic Pharma and the University of Minnesota, and then used the sensor to screen 1.6 million compounds in the HTS facility at Bristol Myers Squibb. The results identified allosteric activators and inhibitors of cardiac myosin that do not compete with ATP binding, demonstrating high potential for FLT-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Muretta
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
| | - D Rajasekaran
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Y Blat
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - S Little
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - M Myers
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - C Nair
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - B Burdekin
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - S L Yuen
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - N Jimenez
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - P Guhathakurta
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - A Wilson
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - A R Thompson
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - N Surti
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - D Connors
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - P Chase
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - D Harden
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - C M Barbieri
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - L Adam
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - D D Thomas
- Photonic Pharma LLC and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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Patil VM, Chakraborty S, Jithin TK, Dessai S, Sajith Babu TP, Raghavan V, Geetha M, Kumar TS, Biji MS, Bhattacharjee A, Nair C. Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure preferences and expectations of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy: EXPECT questionnaire. Indian J Cancer 2017; 53:339-344. [PMID: 28071643 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.197735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to design and validate the questionnaire for capturing palliative chemotherapy-related preferences and expectations. DESIGN Single arm, unicentric, prospective observational study. METHODS EXPECT questionnaire was designed to capture preferences and expectations of patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy. This questionnaire underwent a linguistic validation and then was tested in patients. Ten patients are undergoing chemotherapy for solid tumors who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria self-administered the EXPECT questionnaire in regional language. After filling this questionnaire, they self-administered quick questionnaire-10 (QQ-10). SPSS version 16 (IBM New York) was used for analysis. Completion rate of EXPECT questionnaire was calculated. The feasibility, face validity, utility and time taken for completion of EXPECT questionnaire was also assessed. RESULTS The completion rate of this questionnaire was 100%. All patients completed questionnaire within 5 min. The QQ-10 tool confirmed the feasibility, face validity and utility of the questionnaire. CONCLUSION EXPECT questionnaire was validated in the regional language, and it's an effective tool for capturing patient's preferences and expectation from chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Patil
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - S Chakraborty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - T K Jithin
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - S Dessai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - T P Sajith Babu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - V Raghavan
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - M Geetha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - T Shiva Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - M S Biji
- Department of Cancer Palliative Medicine, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - A Bhattacharjee
- Department of Division of Clinical Research and Biostatistics, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - C Nair
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Malabar Cancer Center, Moozhikkara, Kodiyeri, Thalassery, Kannur, Kerala, India
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Lopez-Martens A, Henning G, Khoo T, Seweryniak D, Alcorta M, Asai M, Back B, Bertone P, Boilley D, Carpenter M, Chiara C, Chowdhury P, Gall B, Greenlees P, Gurdal G, Hauschild K, Heinz A, Hoffman C, Janssens R, Karpov A, Kay B, Kondev F, Lakshmi S, Lauristen T, Lister C, McCutchan E, Nair C, Piot J, Potterveld D, Reiter P, Rowley N, Rogers A, Zhu S. Stability and synthesis of superheavy elements: Fighting the battle against fission – example of 254No. EPJ Web Conf 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201613103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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5
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David HM, Chen J, Seweryniak D, Kondev FG, Gates JM, Gregorich KE, Ahmad I, Albers M, Alcorta M, Back BB, Baartman B, Bertone PF, Bernstein LA, Campbell CM, Carpenter MP, Chiara CJ, Clark RM, Cromaz M, Doherty DT, Dracoulis GD, Esker NE, Fallon P, Gothe OR, Greene JP, Greenlees PT, Hartley DJ, Hauschild K, Hoffman CR, Hota SS, Janssens RVF, Khoo TL, Konki J, Kwarsick JT, Lauritsen T, Macchiavelli AO, Mudder PR, Nair C, Qiu Y, Rissanen J, Rogers AM, Ruotsalainen P, Savard G, Stolze S, Wiens A, Zhu S. Publisher's Note: Decay and Fission Hindrance of Two- and Four-Quasiparticle K Isomers in (254)Rf [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 132502 (2015)]. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:169902. [PMID: 26550909 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.169902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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6
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David HM, Chen J, Seweryniak D, Kondev FG, Gates JM, Gregorich KE, Ahmad I, Albers M, Alcorta M, Back BB, Baartman B, Bertone PF, Bernstein LA, Campbell CM, Carpenter MP, Chiara CJ, Clark RM, Cromaz M, Doherty DT, Dracoulis GD, Esker NE, Fallon P, Gothe OR, Greene JP, Greenlees PT, Hartley DJ, Hauschild K, Hoffman CR, Hota SS, Janssens RVF, Khoo TL, Konki J, Kwarsick JT, Lauritsen T, Macchiavelli AO, Mudder PR, Nair C, Qiu Y, Rissanen J, Rogers AM, Ruotsalainen P, Savard G, Stolze S, Wiens A, Zhu S. Decay and Fission Hindrance of Two- and Four-Quasiparticle K Isomers in ^{254}Rf. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:132502. [PMID: 26451549 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.132502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two isomers decaying by electromagnetic transitions with half-lives of 4.7(1.1) and 247(73) μs have been discovered in the heavy ^{254}Rf nucleus. The observation of the shorter-lived isomer was made possible by a novel application of a digital data acquisition system. The isomers were interpreted as the K^{π}=8^{-}, ν^{2}(7/2^{+}[624],9/2^{-}[734]) two-quasineutron and the K^{π}=16^{+}, 8^{-}ν^{2}(7/2^{+}[624],9/2^{-}[734])⊗8^{-}π^{2}(7/2^{-}[514],9/2^{+}[624]) four-quasiparticle configurations, respectively. Surprisingly, the lifetime of the two-quasiparticle isomer is more than 4 orders of magnitude shorter than what has been observed for analogous isomers in the lighter N=150 isotones. The four-quasiparticle isomer is longer lived than the ^{254}Rf ground state that decays exclusively by spontaneous fission with a half-life of 23.2(1.1) μs. The absence of sizable fission branches from either of the isomers implies unprecedented fission hindrance relative to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M David
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Chen
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Seweryniak
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F G Kondev
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J M Gates
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K E Gregorich
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Ahmad
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Albers
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Alcorta
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B B Back
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Baartman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P F Bertone
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L A Bernstein
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C M Campbell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M P Carpenter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C J Chiara
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R M Clark
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Cromaz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D T Doherty
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - G D Dracoulis
- Department of Nuclear Physics, R.S.P.E., Australian National University, Canberra A.C.T. 2601, Australia
| | - N E Esker
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Fallon
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O R Gothe
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J P Greene
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P T Greenlees
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - D J Hartley
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - K Hauschild
- CSNSM, IN2P3-CNRS, F-91405 Orsay Campus, France
| | - C R Hoffman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S S Hota
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA
| | - R V F Janssens
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T L Khoo
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Konki
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J T Kwarsick
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Lauritsen
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A O Macchiavelli
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P R Mudder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Nair
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Qiu
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA
| | - J Rissanen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A M Rogers
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Ruotsalainen
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - G Savard
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Stolze
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A Wiens
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Zhu
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Choi BCK, Wigle DT, Johansen H, Losos J, Fair ME, Napke E, Anderson LJ, Davies JW, White K, Miller AB, Li FCK, Stachenko S, Lindsay J, Gaudette LA, Nair C, Levy I, Morrison H, Silins J, Bouchard F, Tonmyr L, Villeneuve PJ, McRae L, Johnson KC, Lane RS, Probert A. Status Report--Retracing the history of the early development of national chronic disease surveillance in Canada and the major role of the Laboratory Centre for Disease Control (LCDC) from 1972 to 2000. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2015; 35:35-44. [PMID: 25915119 PMCID: PMC4910431 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.35.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Health surveillance is the ongoing, systematic
use of routinely collected health
data to guide public health action in a
timely fashion.
This paper describes the creation and
growth of national surveillance systems
in Canada and their impact on chronic
disease and injury prevention.
In 2008, the authors started a review process
to retrace the history of the early development
of national chronic disease surveillance
in Canada from 1960 to 2000. A 1967
publication describes the history of the
development of the Laboratory of Hygiene
from 1921 to 1967. This review is a sequel
to that paper and describes the history of the
development of national chronic disease
surveillance in Canada before and after the
formation of the Laboratory Centre for
Disease Control (LCDC).
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Affiliation(s)
- B C K Choi
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - D T Wigle
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Johansen
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Losos
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - M E Fair
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Napke
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L J Anderson
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health and Social Policy Editing Consultant, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J W Davies
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K White
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A B Miller
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - F C K Li
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Embassy of Canada, Beijing, China
| | - S Stachenko
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Lindsay
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L A Gaudette
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Nair
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Information Solutions, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - I Levy
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Public Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Morrison
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Silins
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - F Bouchard
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services, Kuujjuaq, Quebec, Canada
| | - L Tonmyr
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P J Villeneuve
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L McRae
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K C Johnson
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - R S Lane
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Probert
- Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Henning G, Khoo TL, Lopez-Martens A, Seweryniak D, Alcorta M, Asai M, Back BB, Bertone PF, Boilley D, Carpenter MP, Chiara CJ, Chowdhury P, Gall B, Greenlees PT, Gürdal G, Hauschild K, Heinz A, Hoffman CR, Janssens RVF, Karpov AV, Kay BP, Kondev FG, Lakshmi S, Lauritsen T, Lister CJ, McCutchan EA, Nair C, Piot J, Potterveld D, Reiter P, Rogers AM, Rowley N, Zhu S. Fission barrier of superheavy nuclei and persistence of shell effects at high spin: cases of 254No and 220Th. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:262505. [PMID: 25615317 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.262505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of the fission barrier height in a heavy shell-stabilized nucleus. The fission barrier height of 254No is measured to be Bf=6.0±0.5 MeV at spin 15ℏ and, by extrapolation, Bf=6.6±0.9 MeV at spin 0ℏ. This information is deduced from the measured distribution of entry points in the excitation energy versus spin plane. The same measurement is performed for 220Th and only a lower limit of the fission barrier height can be determined: Bf(I)>8 MeV. Comparisons with theoretical fission barriers test theories that predict properties of superheavy elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Henning
- CSNSM, IN2P3-CNRS, and Université Paris Sud, Bat. 104-108, F-91405 Orsay, France and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T L Khoo
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Lopez-Martens
- CSNSM, IN2P3-CNRS, and Université Paris Sud, Bat. 104-108, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Seweryniak
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Alcorta
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Asai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - B B Back
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P F Bertone
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Boilley
- GANIL, CEA-DSM, and IN2P3-CNRS, B.P. 55027, F-14076 Caen Cedex, France and Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, F-14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - M P Carpenter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C J Chiara
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Chowdhury
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA
| | - B Gall
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France and CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - P T Greenlees
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - G Gürdal
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA and DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois 60604, USA
| | - K Hauschild
- CSNSM, IN2P3-CNRS, and Université Paris Sud, Bat. 104-108, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Heinz
- Fundamental Fysik, Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden and WNSL, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C R Hoffman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R V F Janssens
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A V Karpov
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, JINR, Dubna, 141980, Russia
| | - B P Kay
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F G Kondev
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Lakshmi
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA
| | - T Lauritsen
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C J Lister
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA
| | - E A McCutchan
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C Nair
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Piot
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France and CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - D Potterveld
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Reiter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - A M Rogers
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - N Rowley
- IPN, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud 11, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - S Zhu
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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9
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Alcorta M, Fynbo HOU, Albers M, Almaraz-Calderon S, Bertone PF, Carnelli PFF, Carpenter M, Chiara CJ, DiGiovine B, Greene CJP, Hoffman R, Janssens RVF, Lauritsen T, Laursen KL, Marley ST, Nair C, Nusair KO, Rehm E, Seweryniak D, Ugalde C, Zhu S. β-decay measurements of12B with Gammasphere. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146607001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Henning G, Lopez-Martens A, Khoo T, Seweryniak D, Alcorta M, Asai M, Back BB, Bertone P, Boilley D, Carpenter MP, Chiara CJ, Chowdhury P, Gall B, Greenlees PT, Gurdal G, Hauschild K, Heinz A, Hoffman CR, Janssens RVF, Karpov AV, Kay BP, Kondev FG, Lakshmi S, Lauristen T, Lister CJ, McCutchan EA, Nair C, Piot J, Potterveld D, Reiter P, Rowley N, Rogers AM, Zhu S. Exploring the stability of super heavy elements: First Measurement of the Fission Barrier of254No. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146602046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Kondev F, Carpenter M, Zhu S, Janssens R, Ahmad I, Back B, Bertone P, Chen J, Chiara C, Copos C, Greene J, Hoffman C, Kay B, Khoo T, Lauritsen T, McCutchan E, Nair C, Rogers A, Seweryniak D, Hartley DJ. Spectroscopy of Neutron-Deficient Nuclei Near the Z=82 Closed Shell via Symmetric Fusion Reactions. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20136301013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Mathew M, Nair C, Shenoy T, Varghese J. Preventive and curative effects of Acalypha indica on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-8258.82100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Gidudu J, Sack DA, Pina M, Hudson MJ, Kohl KS, Bishop P, Chatterjee A, Chiappini E, Compingbutra A, da Costa C, Fernandopulle R, Fischer TK, Haber P, Masana W, de Menezes MR, Kang G, Khuri-Bulos N, Killion LA, Nair C, Poerschke G, Rath B, Salazar-Lindo E, Setse R, Wenger P, Wong VCN, Zaman K. Diarrhea: case definition and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data. Vaccine 2010; 29:1053-71. [PMID: 21130754 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Gidudu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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14
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Gujral S, Polampalli S, Badrinath Y, Kumar A, Subramanian PG, Nair R, Sengar M, Nair C. Immunophenotyping of mature T/NK cell neoplasm presenting as leukemia. Indian J Cancer 2010; 47:189-93. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.63020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Gujral S, Polampalli SN, Badrinath Y, Kumar A, P. G. S, Nair R, Gupta S, Sengar M, Nair C. Immunophenotyping of mature B-cell non Hodgkin lymphoma involving bone marrow and peripheral blood: critical analysis and insights gained at a tertiary care cancer hospital. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 50:1290-300. [DOI: 10.1080/10428190903064824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Subburaj K, Nair C, Rajesh S, Meshram SM, Ravi B. Rapid development of auricular prosthesis using CAD and rapid prototyping technologies. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 36:938-43. [PMID: 17822875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
External ear defects can be corrected by surgery, but this may not be feasible for personal or medical reasons. Reconstructive solutions are a good alternative, but rely on the artistry and availability of the anaplastologist. A semi-automated methodology using computer-aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping (RP) technologies was developed for auricular prosthesis development, and demonstrated in a real-life case. The correct geometry and position of the prosthesis were ensured by stacking the computed tomography scan images of the contralateral normal ear in reverse order, and joining them using a medical modelling software program. The CAD model of the remnant portion of the defective ear was subtracted from the model of the mirrored contralateral ear, using a haptic CAD system, to obtain the final geometry of the prosthesis. Polymer models were fabricated in RP systems, and used for making a corresponding mould. Medical grade silicone rubber of the appropriate colour was packed into the mould to fabricate the final ear prosthesis and fitted to the deficient side of the patient using medical grade adhesive. The computer-aided methodology gave a high level of accuracy in terms of shape, size and position of the prosthesis, and a significantly shorter lead time compared to the conventional (manual) technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Subburaj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai, India
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17
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Biswas G, Khadwal A, Kulkarni P, Bakshi A, Nair C, Kurkure P, Muckaden M, Parikh P. Ewing′s sarcoma with cutaneous metastasis - a rare entity: Report of three cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2005; 71:423-5. [PMID: 16394487 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.18950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a small round cell tumor, usually arising from flat bones and diaphyseal region of long bones. It is commonly found in the first two decades of life. It is curable when diagnosed in the localized stage and requires multimodality treatment. ES is a chemosensitive tumor. It metastasizes commonly to lung, pleura and other bones. Less common sites of metastasis are lymph nodes, CNS and liver. Skin metastasis is extremely uncommon. It occurs in up to 9% of all patients with cancer. Growth pattern of cutaneous metastasis is unpredictable and may not reflect that of primary tumor. We hereby report three cases of Ewing's sarcoma that developed skin metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biswas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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18
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Basu S, Nair N, Awasare S, Tiwari BP, Asopa R, Nair C. 99Tcm(V)DMSA scintigraphy in skeletal metastases and superscans arising from various malignancies: diagnosis, treatment monitoring and therapeutic implications. Br J Radiol 2004; 77:347-61. [PMID: 15107330 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/72600472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastases arising from a wide variety of malignancies including a few cases with superscan appearance were evaluated using (99)Tc(m) MDP bone scanning and (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA scintigraphy. Whole body planar scans were obtained at 3 h and 24 h after injection of 740 MBq (99)Tc(m) MDP and 5 days later at similar times after injection of 555 MBq of (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA. A qualitative as well as quantitative comparison was made between the (99)Tc(m) MDP bone scan and the (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA scan in detection of osseous metastases. The reference methods used for discordant or equivocal lesions were correlative morphological imaging modalities, for example additional conventional radiography, CT or MRI. The present pictorial review deals with the results of qualitative analysis of the study. A total of 75 cases have been evaluated. The vignettes illustrated in the present article demonstrate avid (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA concentration in skeletal metastases from a wide variety of malignancies and thus expand the potential therapeutic indications for 188/186 Re(V)DMSA. The study also demonstrates the valuable supporting role a (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA scan can play in the confirmation as well as evaluation of the extent of malignant infiltration in a suspected superscan in routine skeletal scintigraphy. In addition, a (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA scan detected a number of metastatic lesions in and around joints and regions with previous surgical intervention that were inconclusive in the bone scan. The results in a few patients who were available for repeat scintigraphy following treatment, support the convincing evidence that (99)Tc(m)(V)DMSA accumulation may be a sensitive indicator of patient response to therapy. This might have an important bearing in the context of increasing "cold" bisphosphonate usage in the treatment of skeletal metastases, where skeletal scintigraphy with a radiolabelled bisphosphonate derivative can often be fallacious because of competitive inhibition by the non-labelled form.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Basu
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre and Tata Memorial Hospital, Jerbai Wadia Road, Parel, Bombay 400 012, India
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19
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Amare PS, Pais A, Nair C, Banavali S, Advani SH. Translocation (8;20), a variant of t(8;21), in T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a first report. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2003; 145:88-90. [PMID: 12885471 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(03)00057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Allampallam K, Dutt D, Nair C, Shetty V, Mundle S, Lisak L, Andrews C, Ahmed B, Mazzone L, Zorat F, Borok R, Muzammil M, Gundroo A, Ansaarie I, Raza A. The clinical and biologic significance of abnormal lipid profiles in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Hematother Stem Cell Res 2000; 9:247-55. [PMID: 10813538 DOI: 10.1089/152581600319469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Serum lipid profiles were obtained in 108 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and compared to 28 healthy volunteers. Serum cholesterol and low-density and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) were found to be significantly lower in MDS patients than in normals (p = 0.0001, 0.0038 and 0.037, respectively). This difference was significant for all MDS categories. Serum cholesterol and HDL were negatively related to biopsy cellularity (p = 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively), and serum triglycerides were negatively related to labeling index (p = 0.0003). No differences were noted in the lipid profiles of MDS patients with normal versus abnormal karyotypes. However, low-risk MDS patients with abnormal karyotypes had significantly lower triglyceride levels compared with the high-risk patients (p = 0.027), as did low-risk patients with normal cytogenetics (p = 0.015). Serum HDL levels were significantly higher for the low-risk group with normal cytogenetics as well (p = 0.003). We conclude that serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL are significantly reduced in MDS patients, probably indicating excessive intracellular lipid biosynthesis in the expanding clone. These relatively simple measurements could serve as important prognostic markers and reliable indicators of disease activity in individual patients. Prospective studies to determine their utility as independent variables that guide the need for active therapeutic intervention are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Allampallam
- Rush Cancer Institute, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612-3515, USA
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21
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Simpson GM, Josiassen RC, Stanilla JK, de Leon J, Nair C, Abraham G, Odom-White A, Turner RM. Double-blind study of clozapine dose response in chronic schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156:1744-50. [PMID: 10553738 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.11.1744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the relative efficacy of three different doses of clozapine. METHOD Fifty patients who met Kane et al.'s criteria for treatment-refractory schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were studied. All subjects were randomly assigned to 100, 300, or 600 mg/day of clozapine for 16 weeks of double-blind treatment. Forty-eight patients completed this first 16 weeks. Of the 50 patients, 36 went on to second and third 16-week trials of double-blind treatment at the remaining doses. RESULTS Four subjects (8%) responded to the first 16-week condition, and one subject (2%) responded to the next 16-week crossover condition. A chi-square comparison of the response rates from the three dose groups failed to show a significant effect. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) comparison of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Anchored (BPRS-A) total change scores from baseline to last observation carried forward showed a significant dose effect (600>300>100 mg/day) at 16 weeks of treatment. A crossover ANOVA of the BPRS-A total scores from the 48-week study also showed that the main effect for dose was highly significant; the 100-mg/day dose gave the higher (poorer) values, and the 300- and 600-mg/ day doses gave equal (better) values. Gender played a role in clinical response to treatment at 100 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS Clozapine treatment at 100 mg/day was less effective than at 300 or 600 mg/day. At 100 mg/day, women responded better than did men. The 600 mg/day group had the best results, but an occasional patient required up to 900 mg/day. Overall response rates were lower than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Simpson
- Medical College of Pennsylvania/Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, USA.
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22
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Sheth T, Nair C, Nargundkar M, Anand S, Yusuf S. Cardiovascular and cancer mortality among Canadians of European, south Asian and Chinese origin from 1979 to 1993: an analysis of 1.2 million deaths. CMAJ 1999; 161:132-8. [PMID: 10439820 PMCID: PMC1230461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and cancer are important health problems worldwide, yet our knowledge of these conditions is derived principally from populations of European descent. To investigate ethnic variations in major causes of death in Canada, the authors examined total and cause-specific mortality among European, south Asian, and Chinese Canadians. METHODS Canadians of European, south Asian and Chinese origin were identified in the Canadian Mortality Database by last name and country of birth and in the population census by self-reported ethnicity. Age-standardized death rates by cause, per 100,000 population, were calculated for ages 35 to 74 years from 1979 to 1993 and in 5-year intervals grouped around census years (1979/83, 1984/88 and 1989/93). RESULTS Rates of death from ischemic heart disease were highest among Canadians of south Asian origin (men 320.2, women 144.5) and European origin (men 319.6, women 109.9) and were markedly lower among Canadians of Chinese origin (men 107.0, women 40.0); the rates declined significantly in all 3 groups over the study period. Rates of death from cerebrovascular disease were relatively low and showed less ethnic variation (Canadian men of European, south Asian and Chinese origin 49.5, 47.0 and 45.8 respectively; Canadian women of European, south Asian and Chinese origin 34.8, 39.0 and 42.2 respectively) and declined similarly in all groups over time. Rates of death from cancer were highest among Canadians of European origin (men 343.6, women 236.2), intermediate among those of Chinese origin (men 258.1, women 161.6) and lowest among those of south Asian origin (men 122.3, women 131.3). Over time, cancer mortality increased in Canadians of European origin but remained constant or declined in those of south Asian and Chinese origin. INTERPRETATION Substantial differences exist in rates of death from ischemic heart disease and cancer among European, south Asian and Chinese Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sheth
- Division of Cardiology, Hamilton Civic Hospitals Research Centre, McMaster University, Ont., Canada
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23
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined seasonal variations in mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke by age using 300,000 deaths in the Canadian Mortality Database for the years 1980 to 1982 and 1990 to 1992. BACKGROUND The effect of age on environmental determinants of AMI and stroke is not well understood. METHODS Seasonal variations were analyzed by month and for the four seasons (winter beginning in December). A chi-square test was used to test for homogeneity at p < 0.01, and relative risk ratios (RRs) for high and low periods were determined in relation to the overall mean. For each of four age subgroups, the magnitude of the seasonal variation was reported as the difference in mortality between the highest and lowest frequency seasons. RESULTS By month, AMI deaths were highest in January (RR = 1.090) and lowest in September (RR = 0.904), a relative risk difference of 18.6%. The seasonal mortality variation in AMI deaths (winter vs. summer) increased with increasing age: 5.8% for <65, 8.3% for 65 to 74, 13.4% for 75 to 84 and 15.8% for >85 years (p < 0.005 for trend). Stroke mortality peaked in January (RR = 1.113) and had a trough in September (RR = 0.914), a relative risk difference of 19.9%. The seasonal variation in stroke mortality also increased with age. Seasonal variations were not seen in those aged <65 years, compared with 11.6% for 65 to 74, 15.2% for 75 to 84 and 19.3% for >85 years (p < 0.005 for trend). CONCLUSIONS The elderly demonstrate a greater winter increase in AMI and stroke mortality than younger individuals. An understanding of these seasonal patterns may provide novel avenues for research in cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sheth
- Preventive Cardiology and Therapeutics, Hamilton General Hospital and Division of Cardiology, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Amare P, Jose J, Chitalkar P, Kurkure P, Pai S, Nair C, Advani S. Trilateral retinoblastoma with an RB1 deletion inherited from a carrier mother: a case report. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1999; 111:28-31. [PMID: 10326587 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(98)00220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A presentation of intracranial tumor in bilateral and unilateral retinoblastoma with or without family history is termed as trilateral retinoblastoma (TRB). It always occurs either as a pineal tumor or supra/parasellar tumor, which differ in presentation and prognosis. We report here the first case of TRB with transmission of retinoblastoma gene (RB1) deletion from an unaffected mother (a carrier), presenting as concurrent intracranial neoplasm with bilateral retinoblastoma. The presence of RB1 mutation in both child and mother could be responsible for development of intracranial neoplasm which occurred simultaneously with bilateral RB in our patient. Our patient, who had a suprasellar mass, received radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy, and died 6 months after diagnosis. The occurrence of intracranial tumor in an asymptomatic stage can be avoided by routine computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, and improved survival can be achieved by aggressive multimodality therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Amare
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Bombay, India
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25
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Johansen H, Nair C, Taylor G. Variations in angioplasty and bypass surgery. Health Rep 1999; 10:63-76 (ENG); 67-81 (FRE). [PMID: 9926348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article describes rates of and times to revascularization procedures for heart attack patients. DATA SOURCE The data are from Statistics Canada's Person-Oriented Information Data Base. Hospital discharge records for heart attack patients were linked for fiscal years 1992/93 and 1993/94. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Hospital patients admitted between April 1 and September 30, 1993 with a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were followed for six months to determine what percentage underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and/or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Analyses of time-to-procedure were performed for those patients who had not been hospitalized for AMI in the previous 12 months. MAIN RESULTS Approximately 24,000 Canadians were discharged from hospital during the first half of fiscal year 1993/94 with a diagnosis of AMI. Within six months, 8.7% had an angioplasty and 6.7% had a bypass; overall, 14.9% were revascularized. Women were less likely than men to have a bypass, but angioplasty rates did not differ significantly. The rate of revascularization declined with age. After adjusting for age and sex, rates were higher in the western provinces.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Johansen
- Health Statistics Division at Statistics Canada, Ottawa.
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- J Baraniya
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
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27
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Johansen H, Nargundkar M, Nair C, Taylor G, elSaadany S. At risk of first or recurring heart disease. Health Rep 1998; 9:19-29(Eng); 19-30(Fre). [PMID: 9836877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The self-reported prevalence of risk factors for heart disease among Canadians with and without heart disease is estimated. The characteristics associated with these risk factors are examined in order to identify groups to be targeted for primary and secondary prevention. DATA SOURCE The data are from the household component of the 1994/95 National Population Health Survey (NPHS). ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES For the population aged 20 and older with and without heart disease, bivariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine associations between four risk factors (smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and inactivity) and demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status. MAIN RESULTS According to the NPHS, 4.4% of people aged 20 and older reported that they heart disease. However, many more adults had risk factors for this disease. As well, about one-quarter of those without heart disease and half of those with heart disease had two or more risk factors. To some extent, many of these risks are modifiable. The groups particularly at risk were people older than 35, those with less than high school graduation, those in households with inadequate income, people who consumed three or more drinks a day, and residents of the Atlantic provinces, Quebec and Ontario.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Johansen
- Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Canada
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28
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Johansen H, Nair C, Taylor G. Current and future hospitalization after heart attack. Health Rep 1998; 10:21-8 (Eng); 23-31 (Fre). [PMID: 9842488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article provides an overview of patients who were hospitalized in 1993/94 because of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and projects how many AMI patients there could be in the future. DATA SOURCE The Person-Oriented Information Data Base was used for this analysis. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES Hospital inpatients who had a primary diagnosis of AMI were analyzed, as well as their subsequent hospitalizations for coronary heart disease in the fiscal year. The age-sex specific hospitalization rates were used with population projections to estimate future hospital use. MAIN RESULTS Of the nearly 45,000 Canadians who were discharged from hospital in 1993/94 with a primary diagnosis of AMI, most (72%) had only one hospital stay within the fiscal year, but 18% had two related stays, and 10% had three or more. AMI patients were hospitalized an average of 14.6 days. The projected number of AMI patients and the number of hospital days used will increase by approximately 36% each decade to the year 2026.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Johansen
- Health Statistics Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa.
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29
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Verghese C, Abraham G, Nair C, Stanilla JK, de Leon J, Phillips MI, Simpson GM. Absence of changes in antidiuretic hormone, angiotensin II, and atrial natriuretic peptide with clozapine treatment of polydipsia-hyponatremia: 2 case reports. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59:415-9. [PMID: 9721821 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.v59n0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polydipsia-hyponatremia is a poorly understood disorder that causes considerable mortality and morbidity. Hyponatremia in polydipsia-hyponatremia has been attributed to disturbances in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) function. Improvements in polydipsia-hyponatremia during clozapine treatment offered the chance to see if levels of ADH and other hormones associated with osmoregulation changed with improvement in biochemical and clinical measures of polydipsia-hyponatremia. METHOD In this preliminary, longitudinal study, we studied 2 male schizophrenic patients (DSM-III-R) who had polydipsia-hyponatremia. Measures were (1) biochemical and clinical: serum sodium and osmolality, urine osmolality and specific gravity, normalized diurnal weight gain, and estimated urine volume and (2) endocrine: ADH, angiotensin II, atrial natriuretic peptide, and prolactin. Measures were collected during 2 months of baseline (typical neuroleptic) and 6 months of clozapine treatment. RESULTS Single-case statistical procedures showed significant changes in sodium levels (a.m. and p.m.), estimated urine volume, and a.m. urine specific gravity in both patients and significantly decreased diurnal weight gain in 1 patient. Both serum and urine osmolality showed improvement, but values did not reach statistical significance. Low baseline ADH levels persisted through 6 months of clozapine treatment and showed no changes in the context of improvements in serum sodium and osmolality. No significant changes were seen in levels of angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide. CONCLUSION Given the limitations of this study, there is some evidence to suggest that the improvements in serum sodium and osmolality during clozapine treatment of polydipsia-hyponatremia may not be related to serum levels of ADH, although altered ADH receptor function cannot be ruled out. These data need to be extended in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verghese
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The study of ethnic differences in disease is a methodological challenge as ethnicity is often not identified in existing datasets and surrogate measures need to be used. We have developed a novel methodology combining last name and country of birth to study mortality patterns of Canadians of South Asian (SA) and Chinese (CH) ethnic origin and have compared death rates among SA, CH, and White (WH) Canadians. METHODS SA and CH were identified in the Canadian Mortality Data Base (CMDB) using the last name and country of birth of the deceased. Records of people who had been born in countries with large South Asian and Chinese populations (e.g. India, Pakistan, China, Hong Kong) were selected and manually screened by last name. A name directory was then created of distinct South Asian and Chinese names and this directory was used to search all other records in the CMDB for SA and CH deaths. Where necessary, other identifying characteristics such as first name and parents' last name were also used. Population counts were obtained from the Census self-reported question on ethnicity for SA and CH. WH were identified as non-immigrant Canadians who were neither SA nor CH. The method of assigning ethnicity in the CMDB and Census were assessed for comparability and issues of validity and reliability were addressed. RESULTS Using this method, 10,989 SA and 21,548 CH deaths were identified. There was marked heterogeneity in birthplace, with only 56% of SA born in South Asia and only 74% of CH born in Greater China. Last names had high validity for self-reported ethnicity in a population sample of SA and were highly reproducible. Mortality rates varied dramatically between groups studied. SA and WH had high rates of ischemic heart disease while stroke mortality was similar among all three groups. Cancer death rates were high in CH and WH and much lower in SA. CONCLUSION Last names and country of birth can be used to determined ethnicity of SA and CH with validity and reliability, and leads to a more accurate classification than country of birth alone. The contrasting patterns observed in mortality from major causes of death suggest many interesting hypotheses for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sheth
- Preventive Cardiology and Therapeutics Programme, Hamilton Civic Hospitals Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verghese
- Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, MCP [symbol: see text] Hahnemann School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract
Preliminary results of a double-blind clozapine study in a population of chronic psychotic patients at a state psychiatric facility are reported. Thirty "treatment-refractory" schizophrenic patients given a diagnosis according to DSM-III-R criteria (mean age of 44 +/- 9.1 years and a duration of illness of 24.9 +/- 8.8 years) who received 300 mg or 600 mg of clozapine and randomized in a double-blind fashion were analyzed. Subjects were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale on a weekly basis for 16 weeks. Based on the changes in their CGI scores at week 16 of clozapine treatment, subjects were retrospectively categorized as "improvers" (N = 12) and "nonimprovers" (N = 18). The two groups were compared for changes in total BPRS and BPRS factor scores. In terms of total BPRS scores, we expected a difference between the two groups because they were categorized based on changes in their CGI scores. However, the total BPRS scores in improvers showed a significant decrease by week 6 of clozapine treatment. On analyzing the four BPRS factors, the improvers showed improvement in the thinking disturbance factor by week 1 that remained steady from week 7. On the hostility-suspiciousness factor, the improvers showed an improvement across time when compared with nonimprovers. The withdrawal-retardation factor showed improvement in both groups across time, whereas the anxiety-depression factor was least influenced by clozapine. These observations suggested that all BPRS symptom factors did not uniformly contribute to improvement in overall psychopathology, which was observed as a decrease in total BPRS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Abraham
- Allegheny University/Norristown State Hospital Clinical Research Center, Pennsylvania 19401, USA
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Johansen H, Chagani K, Lessard S, Nair C. Person-based information from Canadian hospital discharge data. Leadersh Health Serv 1996; 5:27-32. [PMID: 10161456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Statistics summarizing Canadians' use of hospital services are usually based on simple discharge totals, without any attempt to distinguish which discharges may have belonged to the same person. This leads to a distorted view of the prevalence of illness and the resources required to serve each patient. Statistics based on the number of people going to hospital shed new light on the demand for resources by various groups, now and in the future.
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Baumgartner F, Milliken J, Scudamore C, Nair C, Gelman J, Scott R, Rajfer J, Klein S. Extracorporeal methods of vascular control for difficult IVC procedures. Am Surg 1996; 62:246-8. [PMID: 8607587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Surgical procedures in the juxtaheptic and intrapericardial inferior vena cava (IVC) are difficult because of the complexity of achieving vascular control in the area. We describe 10 patients with a variety of pathologies in this region who underwent venovenous bypass (VVB) or cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic circulatory arrest (CBCA). Renal cell carcinoma with IVC extension was present in three patients (with tumor extension into the right atrium in two), adrenal adenocarcinoma in one, septic IVC thrombus in one, and blunt IVC/hepatic trauma in five. Those patients without atrial involvement underwent VVB with a mean bypass time of 40 minutes (range 12-144). Those patients with tumor extension into the right atrium underwent CBCA with systemic hypothermia to 18(0)C, total body exsanguination for a bloodless field, and removal of the tumor by cavotomy and right atriotomy. The mean bypass, aortic cross-clamp, and circulatory arrest times were 152, 92, and 36 minutes, respectively. Eight of the 10 patients did well and went home within 4 weeks of surgery. Two patients died, one from metabolic sequelae of exsanguinating IVC injury (VVB) and one from sepsis 2 weeks postoperatively (CBCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baumgartner
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Torrance, California
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35
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Abstract
Withdrawal effects of neuroleptics have not received much attention. Clozapine withdrawal phenomena have been attributed to psychosis arising from D2 supersensitivity, which is unlikely since it has minimal action on D2 receptors. The time course and clinical features of this phenomenon suggest that cholinergic overdrive and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supersensitivity occurs after withdrawal, since it is strongly anticholinergic and has a GABAergic action. Recently, a number of patients showed marked decompensation when they were switched from clozapine to risperidone, especially when they were rapidly tapered off clozapine. This was probably more due to withdrawal effects than the primary psychosis or a lack of efficacy of risperidone. A slow withdrawal schedule would facilitate homeostatic mechanisms; anticholinergics would be useful in clozapine withdrawal. This area has not received any attention from researchers, nor are there any guidelines for clinicians. This will be particularly important with the widespread use of atypical agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verghese
- MCP/NSH Clinical Research Center, Norristown State Hospital, PA 19401, USA
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Kurkure P, Pai S, Vaidya S, Kapoor G, Nair C, Gopal R, Saikia T, Parikh P, Pai V, Magrath I, Advani S. 1241 Impact of improved supportive care on treatment outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia—an indian experience. Eur J Cancer 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)96487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Severe trauma to the liver and juxtahepatic cava require vascular isolation of the lesion. In addition to the techniques of vascular clamping and atriocaval shunting, venovenous bypass is a viable alternative to repair such injuries. We herein report its use in five consecutive patients. The technique obviates the hemodynamic sequelae of uncompensated caval occlusion and the technical dangers of atriocaval shunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baumgartner
- Department of Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, B.C., Canada
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Nair C, Chopra H, Shinde S, Barbhaya S, Kumar A, Dhond S, Yejamanam B, Sapre R, Chougule A, Advani S. Immunophenotype and ultrastructural studies in blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 1995; 19:309-13. [PMID: 8535224 DOI: 10.3109/10428199509107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-four patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC) were evaluated for lineage differentiation with immunological markers and the presence of ultrastructural peroxidase. Eighteen (52.9%) were found to have myeloid blast crisis. Cytochemically, myeloperoxidase (MPO) could be detected only in six patients on light microscopy while in the remaining 12 patients, myeloid differentiation was confirmed only by demonstration of MPO either at ultrastructural level or by the reactivity with anti myeloperoxidase (anti MPO) antibody. Six (17.6%) had lymphoid blast crisis as identified by lymphoid specific markers (CD19; CD10; CD7; CD4) along with the absence of myeloid markers. Heterogenous blast cell populations with mixed lineage differentiation were seen in 4 (11.7%) patients. These cases showed both lymphoid (CD19, CD10) and myeloid (anti MPO and ultrastructural MPO) characteristics. A single case of megakaryoblastic blast crisis was identified with positivity for CD41 and CD42 along with the presence of platelet peroxidase at the ultrastructural level. Five cases (14%) of CML blast crisis remained unclassifiable. These results suggest that blast crisis in CML show an arrest of differentiation at an early stage when compared to de novo acute leukemias. This is particularly evident from the fact that MPO could only be demonstrated ultrastructurally or with anti MPO antibody in the majority of patients with myeloid differentiation. It is expected that utilisation of molecular studies including immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and m-RNA expression for myeloperoxidase will provide a better insight into the level of differentiation for the presently unclassifiable cases of CML-blast crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Bombay, India
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Kadam P, Dadabhoy K, Bhisey A, Athale U, Nair C, Nair R, Advani S. Chromosome investigations & clinical outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Indian J Med Res 1995; 101:163-9. [PMID: 7751047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 25 patients with primary myelodysplastic syndrome (p-MDS) were cytogenetically investigated. The incidence of abnormal karyotypes was higher, detected in 88 per cent of the patients and the most frequent abnormality was a terminal deletion of chromosome 7 (45% of the patients with abnormal karyotypes) followed by an i (17q) (18%), +21(14%), -5/5q (9%), del (11) (q22) (9%). Cytogenetic analysis after therapy/after leukaemic transformation indicated either stable clones (2 patients) or emergence of new clones such as inv(5) (q32q36), del (17) (p13), +20, +22 (1 patient each). It is to be noted that of the 8 patients with leukaemic transformation, 5 had del (7q). The leukaemic transformation (32% of the patients) was not related to the percentage of abnormal karyotypes not to the percentage of blasts at the time of the MDS presentation. Chromosome instability was shown by 10 (45%) patients. Our data indicate that higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations with involvement of chromosome 7 may be the result of underlying disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kadam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay
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40
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Abstract
We analysed forty consecutive patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) using methotrexate cell synchronization and 24 h-unstimulated cultures of bone marrow cells to determine the incidence of chromosomal aberrations and the association of specific anomalies with FAB morphological subtypes, in an Indian population. All patients demonstrated an abnormal karyotypic pattern. The specific chromosomal changes viz., t(9;22), t(8;21), t(15;17), t/del(11q), 12p- were found in M 1(3/5), M2(8/15), M3(8/8), M4(1/1) M5(2/4) and M2Ba(1/1) (M2 with Basophilia) patients. Abnormalities of 11q were also noted in two M2 patients showing monocytic involvement. A translocation involving chromosomes 6 and 9 was seen in one patient with M1 and two patients with M2. An inv(16) was observed in M1 (one case), M2 (two cases) and M6 (one case). A del(16) was noted in an M4 case. Although t(9;22) is frequently associated with M1 patients, it was also detected in M2 (two patients) and M4 (one patient). Among all the FAB specific anomalies described above, t(8;21) and t(15;17) were observed only in M2 and M3 patients, respectively. Interestingly, one M2 patient had two independent clones, one with t(8;21) and t(9;11). Deletion or translocation involving 11q was found in a Ph positive M4 patient. New structural rearrangements such as t(1;7) (q32;q36) in association with t(8;21), and t(14;22) (q32;q11) in association with del(11)(q23) were detected in a M2 and a M5 patient, respectively. In conclusion, our studies have revealed that the incidence of FAB specific abnormalities viz., t(8;21); t(15;17), t(9;22), t/del(11q) and also other recurrent anomalies viz., -7/7q-, +8 is much higher in our patients, as compared with other countries. This difference may be attributed to the influence of differential environmental exposure to unknown carcinogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Kadam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Bombay, India
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Saikia T, Advani S, Dasgupta A, Ramakrishnan G, Nair C, Gladstone B, Kumar MS, Badrinath Y, Dhond S. Characterisation of blast cells during blastic phase of chronic myeloid leukaemia by immunophenotyping--experience in 60 patients. Leuk Res 1988; 12:499-506. [PMID: 3165486 DOI: 10.1016/0145-2126(88)90117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The blast cell population of 60 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in blast crisis (CML-BC) were analyzed with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to determine the cell surface antigen phenotypes. In addition, cytochemical stains periodic acid Schiff (PAS), myeloperoxidase (MP), Sudan black B (SBB) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) were also utilized for subtyping. Nineteen cases (31.6%) expressed lymphoid phenotypes characteristic of common ALL cells and one case with extramedullary lymph node crisis expressed T-cell surface phenotypes. Thirty cases (50%) expressed solely myelomonocytic surface antigens with significant TdT activity in three. Cytochemical stains contributed to recognize only 57% of these myeloid blasts. Seven cases (11.7%) were with a mixture of heterogenous group of cells expressing phenotypic characteristics for various haemopoietic cells of different lineage--five of them from the cells of non-lymphoid series (myelomono-erythromegakaryocytic series) and the other two with cells from both lymphoid and myeloid series. Additionally, in two cases (3.3%), the precursor cells reacted only with the erythroid monoclonals. Finally, in one case, the blast cells remained unclassified due to nonreactivity with any of the monoclonals used but expressed significant TdT positivity. The response to uniform vincristine and prednisolone (V + P) therapy has shown that lymphoid blast crisis cases were highly responsive in contrast to the cases with non-lymphoid blast crisis (complete remission rate 86 vs 21.4%). The results confirm the evidence of multilineage blast crisis involving either single or mixed haemopoietic differentiation pathway and the utility of having phenotypic characterisation for designing protocols for chemotherapy in the CML patients at the time of blast crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saikia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Bombay, India
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42
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Dinshaw K, Pande S, Advani S, Ramakrishnan G, Nair C, Talvalkar G, Rao DN, Notani P, Rao R, Desai P. Pediatric Hodgkin's disease in India. J Clin Oncol 1985; 3:1605-12. [PMID: 3840839 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1985.3.12.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-one percent of all Hodgkin's disease in India was seen in the pediatric age groups at the Tata Memorial Hospital (Bombay, India). From 1975 to 1982, 151 cases of children were reviewed. The youngest presentation was at 3 years in three patients, with a marked male: female ratio of 5.5:1. Twenty-six patients were previously treated before referral while the remaining 125 cases were investigated and treated according to the prevalent protocols in 1975 to 1978 and 1979 to 1982. Clinical staging revealed 54% of patients in stages I and II with symptoms in 20%, and 46% of patients in stages III and IV with symptoms in 67%. Staging laparotomy was performed in 27 patients, with a total changes of staging in 17 children (63%). The mixed cell types (46%) and lymphocytic predominant types (31%) were the most common histologic presentations. Nine percent nodular sclerosis and 9% lymphocytic-depleted varieties were also observed. Five percent of all cases were not classifiable. Minimum adequate treatment was completed in 87 cases. Comparisons were made between the treatments administered to 40 patients during the initial period 1975 to 1978 when individualized treatment was administered, and the later 47 patients during the 1979 to 1982 period, when chemotherapy was the mainstay of treatment with involved field radiation.
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Wadhera S, Nair C. Trends in cesarean section deliveries, Canada, 1968-1977. Can J Public Health 1982; 73:47-51. [PMID: 7074518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Mooss AN, Ross WB, Esterbrooks DJ, Nair C, Mohiuddin S, Sketch MH. Ventricular fibrillation complicating pacemaker insertion in acute myocardial infarction. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1982; 8:253-9. [PMID: 7105167 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.1810080307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Temporary transvenous pacing catheters were placed in 101 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) for the management of bradyarrhythmias or conduction disturbances. Fourteen (14%) patients (group A) developed ventricular fibrillation (VF) at the time of pacing catheter manipulation in the right ventricle. Compared to the remaining 87 (86%) patients (group B), the patients in group A were younger (56.1 vs 65.8 yrs, P = 0.007). Thirteen (92.8%) of 14 patients in group A had inferior MI compared to 58 (66.6%) of 87 patients in group B (P = 0.04). All but one patient in group A had pacemaker insertion within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of MI compared to 55 (63%) of 87 in group B (P = 0.02). In 12 of the 14 patients in group A, following defibrillation and intravenous bolus administration of lidocaine, the pacing catheter was positioned in the right ventricle without further episodes of VF. It is concluded that 1) in patients with acute MI temporary transvenous pacemaker insertion may be complicated by VF; 2) VF is most likely to occur in younger patients with inferior MI infarction when the pacing catheter is inserted within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of infarction; and 3) administration of an intravenous bolus of lidocaine may be effective in preventing the induction of VF by catheter manipulation.
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Wadhera A, Nair C. Legal abortions among teenagers in Canada, 1974 through 1978. Can Med Assoc J 1980; 122:1386-90. [PMID: 7196280 PMCID: PMC1801908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Between August 1969, when the amendment to the Criminal Code went into effect, and December 1978 about 397 000 legal abortions were performed in hospitals with therapeutic abortion committees in Canada. During the 5-year period 1974-78 abortions in females under 20 years of age accounted for 30.9% of all the legal abortions performed in Canada on Canadian residents, and the abortion rate per 1000 women aged 15 to 19 years increased from 13.6 to 16.3. During 1974-77 the proportion of women in whom the gestation period was more than 12 weeks at the time of abortion was 25.3% for teenagers (females under 20 years of age) but only 14.6% for women aged 20 years or over. In 1976 the teenage abortion rate was lower in Canada (14.5) than in the United States (36.2%), Sweden (28.5), Hungary (26.4), Denmark (26.0), Norway (22.7), Finland (20.3), and England and Wales (15.4).
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Nair BC, Nair C, Denne S, Wypych J, Arbesman CE, Elliott WB. Immunologic comparison of phospholipases A present in Hymenoptera insect venoms. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1976; 58:101-9. [PMID: 947973 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(76)90111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study was made of the effect of anti-bee venom phospholipase A2 serum and anti-bald face hornet venom serum on the activity of phospholipase A2 present in yellow hornet, yellow jacket, bald face hornet, and honeybee venoms. Activity of phospholipase A2 present in the venoms was measured titrimetrically using egg yolk dispersion as the substrate. Antiserum against pure bee venom phospholipase A2 activity completely suppressed bee venom phospholipase A2 activity but failed to inhibit phospholipase A2 activity in yellow jacket, yellow hornet, and bald face hornet venoms. Anti-bald face hornet venom serum suppressed the activity of phospholipase A2 present in the four insect venoms with the inhibitory effect decreasing in the order: bald face hornet greater than yellow hornet greater than yellow jacket greater than honeybee. A combination of immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion techniques gave indication of common antigenic sites in a component of yellow hornet venom and a component of bald face hornet venom. The results suggest that IgG antibodies against pure bee venom phospholipase A2 may not give any protection against the reaction(s) due to the phospholipase A2 in yellow hornet, yellow jacket, and bald face hornet venoms, while antibodies against bald face hornet venom phospholipase A2 may give some cross-protection.
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Nair BC, Nair C, Elliott WB. Temperature stability of phospholipase A activity. II. Variations in optimum temperature of phospholipases A2 from various snake venoms. Toxicon 1976; 14:43-7. [PMID: 1258067 DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(76)90118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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