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Young KS, Purves KL, Hübel C, Davies MR, Thompson KN, Bristow S, Krebs G, Danese A, Hirsch C, Parsons CE, Vassos E, Adey BN, Bright S, Hegemann L, Lee YT, Kalsi G, Monssen D, Mundy J, Peel AJ, Rayner C, Rogers HC, ter Kuile A, Ward C, York K, Lin Y, Palmos AB, Schmidt U, Veale D, Nicholson TR, Pollak TA, Stevelink SAM, Moukhtarian T, Martineau AR, Holt H, Maughan B, Al-Chalabi A, Chaudhuri KR, Richardson MP, Bradley JR, Chinnery PF, Kingston N, Papadia S, Stirrups KE, Linger R, Hotopf M, Eley TC, Breen G. Depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5428-5441. [PMID: 35879886 PMCID: PMC10482709 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722002501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health is still being unravelled. It is important to identify which individuals are at greatest risk of worsening symptoms. This study aimed to examine changes in depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms using prospective and retrospective symptom change assessments, and to find and examine the effect of key risk factors. METHOD Online questionnaires were administered to 34 465 individuals (aged 16 years or above) in April/May 2020 in the UK, recruited from existing cohorts or via social media. Around one-third (n = 12 718) of included participants had prior diagnoses of depression or anxiety and had completed pre-pandemic mental health assessments (between September 2018 and February 2020), allowing prospective investigation of symptom change. RESULTS Prospective symptom analyses showed small decreases in depression (PHQ-9: -0.43 points) and anxiety [generalised anxiety disorder scale - 7 items (GAD)-7: -0.33 points] and increases in PTSD (PCL-6: 0.22 points). Conversely, retrospective symptom analyses demonstrated significant large increases (PHQ-9: 2.40; GAD-7 = 1.97), with 55% reported worsening mental health since the beginning of the pandemic on a global change rating. Across both prospective and retrospective measures of symptom change, worsening depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms were associated with prior mental health diagnoses, female gender, young age and unemployed/student status. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the effect of prior mental health diagnoses on worsening mental health during the pandemic and confirm previously reported sociodemographic risk factors. Discrepancies between prospective and retrospective measures of changes in mental health may be related to recall bias-related underestimation of prior symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. L. Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Hübel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Economics and Business Economics, National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M. R. Davies
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. N. Thompson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - S. Bristow
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G. Krebs
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. Danese
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- National and Specialist CAMHS Trauma, Anxiety, and Depression Clinic, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C. Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. E. Parsons
- Interacting Minds Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - E. Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - B. N. Adey
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - S. Bright
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - L. Hegemann
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Y. T. Lee
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - G. Kalsi
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. Monssen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J. Mundy
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. J. Peel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - C. Rayner
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - H. C. Rogers
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. ter Kuile
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Ward
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - K. York
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Y. Lin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. B. Palmos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - U. Schmidt
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. Veale
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T. R. Nicholson
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Section of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. A. Pollak
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Section of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S. A. M. Stevelink
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. Moukhtarian
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. R. Martineau
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - H. Holt
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - B. Maughan
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A. Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College and King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - M. P. Richardson
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J. R. Bradley
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - P. F. Chinnery
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - N. Kingston
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - S. Papadia
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - K. E. Stirrups
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - R. Linger
- NIHR BioResource and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M. Hotopf
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T. C. Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G. Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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Meier P, Zabara M, Hirsch C, Gogos A, Tscherrig D, Richner G, Nowack B, Wick P. Evaluation of fiber and debris release from protective COVID-19 mask textiles and in vitro acute cytotoxicity effects. Environ Int 2022; 167:107364. [PMID: 35853388 PMCID: PMC9212752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the start of the current COVID-19 pandemic, for the first time a significant fraction of the world's population cover their respiratory system for an extended period with mostly medical facemasks and textile masks. This new situation raises questions about the extent of mask related debris (fibers and particles) being released and inhaled and possible adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to quantify the debris release from a textile-based facemask in comparison to a surgical mask and a reference cotton textile using both liquid and air extraction. Under liquid extractions, cotton-based textiles released up to 29'452 ± 1'996 fibers g-1 textile while synthetic textiles released up to 1'030 ± 115 fibers g-1 textile. However, when the masks were subjected to air-based extraction scenarios, only a fraction (0.1-1.1%) of this fiber amount was released. Several metals including copper (up to 40.8 ± 0.9 µg g-1) and iron (up to 7.0 ± 0.3 µg g-1) were detected in acid dissolved textiles. Additionally the acute in vitro toxicity of size-fractionated liquid extracts (below and above 0.4 µm) were assessed on human alveolar basal epithelial cells. The current study shows no acute cytotoxicity response for all the analyzed facemasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Meier
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
| | - Mahsa Zabara
- SVP Technology/Science and Consumer Interface, Livinguard AG, Cham 6330, Switzerland.
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Gogos
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
| | - Dominic Tscherrig
- Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez 3700, Switzerland.
| | - Gilles Richner
- Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP, Spiez Laboratory, Spiez 3700, Switzerland.
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.
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Batt T, Herwig G, Annaheim S, Clement P, Furrer L, Hirsch C, Varanges V, Caglar B, Michaud V, Wang J, Richner G, Wick P, Rossi R. Community Masks - from an Emergency Solution to an Innovation Booster for the Textile Industry. Chimia (Aarau) 2022. [DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2022.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in shortages of personal protective equipment and medical devices in the initial phase. Agile small and medium-sized enterprises from regional textile industries reacted quickly. They delivered alternative products such as textile-based community masks in collaboration with industrial partners and research institutes from various sectors. The current mask materials and designs were further improved by integrating textiles with antiviral and antimicrobial properties and enhanced protection and comfort by novel textile/membrane combinations, key factors to increase the acceptance and compliance of mask wearing. The innocuity and sustainability of masks, as well as taking into account particular needs of vulnerable persons in our society, are new fields for textile-based innovations. These innovations developed for the next generation of facemasks have a high adaptability to other product segments, which make textiles an attractive material for hygienic applications and beyond.
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Barnes GL, Stewart C, Browning S, Bracegirdle K, Laurens KR, Gin K, Hirsch C, Abbott C, Onwumere J, Banerjea P, Kuipers E, Jolley S. Distressing psychotic-like experiences, cognitive functioning and early developmental markers in clinically referred young people aged 8-18 years. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:461-472. [PMID: 34480219 PMCID: PMC8934329 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurocognitive difficulties and early childhood speech/motor delays are well documented amongst older adolescents and young adults considered at risk for psychosis-spectrum diagnoses. We aimed to test associations between unusual or psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), co-occurring distress/emotional symptoms, current cognitive functioning and developmental delays/difficulties in young people (aged 8-18 years) referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in South London, UK. METHODS Study 1 examined receptive language, verbal learning and caregiver-reported speech and motor delays/difficulties in a sample of 101 clinically-referred children aged 8-14 years, comparing those reporting no PLEs (n = 19), PLEs without distress (n = 16), and PLEs with distress (n = 66). Study 2 tested associations of severity of distressing PLEs with vocabulary, perceptual reasoning, word reading and developmental delays/difficulties in a second sample of 122 adolescents aged 12-18 years with distressing PLEs. RESULTS In Study 1, children with distressing PLEs had lower receptive language and delayed recall and higher rates of developmental delays/difficulties than the no-PLE and non-distressing PLE groups (F values: 2.3-2.8; p values: < 0.005). Receptive language (β = 0.24, p = 0.03) and delayed recall (β = - 0.17, p = 0.02) predicted PLE distress severity. In Study 2, the cognitive-developmental variables did not significantly predict PLE distress severity (β values = 0.01-0.22, p values: > 0.05). CONCLUSION Findings may be consistent with a cognitive-developmental model relating distressing PLEs in youth with difficulties in cognitive functioning. This highlights the potential utility of adjunctive cognitive strategies which target mechanisms associated with PLE distress. These could be included in cognitive-behavioural interventions offered prior to the development of an at-risk mental state in mental health, educational or public health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Barnes
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.
| | - C Stewart
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - S Browning
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - K Bracegirdle
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - K R Laurens
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Psychology and Counselling, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - K Gin
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - C Abbott
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - J Onwumere
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - P Banerjea
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - E Kuipers
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - S Jolley
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, SE5 8AF, UK
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Wieland C, Scharf F, Schildberg HP, Hoferichter V, Eble J, Hirsch C, Sattelmayer T. Efficient simulation of flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transition in smooth pipes. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Piechotta V, Hirsch C, Ernst M, Goldkuhle M, Moja L, Skoetz N. COCHRANE HAEMATOLOGY REVIEWS TO INFORM WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION’S LIST OF ESSENTIAL MEDICINES ON CLINICAL VALUE OF HIGH‐PRIORITY CANCER MEDICINES. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.110_2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Piechotta
- University of Cologne Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Germany
| | - C. Hirsch
- University of Cologne Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Germany
| | - M. Ernst
- University of Cologne Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Germany
| | - M. Goldkuhle
- University of Cologne Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Germany
| | - L. Moja
- World Health Organization Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products Geneva Switzerland
| | - N. Skoetz
- University of Cologne Cochrane Cancer Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Germany
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Hirsch C, Jakob T, Tomlinson E, Estcourt L, Theurich S, Ocheni S, Skoetz N, Piechotta V. PRIORITISATION OF RELEVANT COCHRANE REVIEW TOPICS IN THE FIELD OF HAEMATOLOGY. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.111_2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Hirsch
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - T. Jakob
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - E. Tomlinson
- Cochrane Cancer Network Royal United Hospital Bath UK
| | - L. Estcourt
- Cochrane Haematology Haematology/Transfusion Medicine NHS Blood and Transplant Oxford UK
| | - S. Theurich
- Department of Medicine III University Hospital LMU Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München Munich Germany
| | - S. Ocheni
- Department of Haematology & Immunology University of Nigeria Ituku‐Ozalla Campus Enugu Nigeria
| | - N. Skoetz
- Cochrane Cancer Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - V. Piechotta
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
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Hirsch C, Piechotta V, Langer P, Scheid C, John L, Skoetz N. EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DARATUMUMAB FOR THE TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA: A SERIES OF COCHRANE REVIEWS. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.199_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Hirsch
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - V. Piechotta
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - P. Langer
- Cochrane Haematology Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - C. Scheid
- Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Stem Cell Transplantation Program Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - L. John
- Department of Hematology Oncology and Rheumatology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - N. Skoetz
- Cochrane Cancer Department I of Internal Medicine Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital University of Cologne Cologne Germany
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de Abreu CB, Muzzi RAL, de Oliveira LED, Schulien T, Coelho MDR, Alves LA, Hirsch C, Dorneles EMS, Pinto AMBG, Barreto MSO, Muzzi LAL, Nogueira RB. Systolic dysfunction by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 34:93-104. [PMID: 33631657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES Parvoviral enteritis (PVE) can cause either primary or secondary myocardial injury; the latter is associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis. Strain (St) and strain rate (SR) are relatively new speckle tracking echocardiographic (STE) variables used to assess myocardial function and are less influenced by preload and volume status than are conventional variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate systolic function in dogs with PVE using two-dimensional STE. ANIMALS Forty-five client-owned dogs were included. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dogs were classified into four groups: healthy (n = 9), PVE-mild (n = 15), PVE-severe (n = 13) and PVE-died (n = 8). Left ventricular global and segmental myocardial St and SR were assessed in radial, circumferential and longitudinal axes in the right parasternal transverse and apical 4-chamber views. In the circumferential and longitudinal axes, the value of each segment was determined separately at the endocardial and epicardial levels. RESULTS Compared to healthy animals, all dogs with PVE showed significantly impaired St and SR values, mainly for PVE-severe and PVE-died groups. Moreover, the lowest SR value was observed in the circumferential axis at the mid-septal epicardial segment in the PVE-died group. For this variable, a cut-off value of 0.95 s-1 demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing between PVE-severe and PVE-died groups. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, all dogs with PVE developed systolic dysfunction, which was more severe in non-survivors. Assessment of St and SR in dogs with PVE might be clinically useful for evaluating haemodynamic status and developing suitable therapeutic strategies to improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B de Abreu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil.
| | - R A L Muzzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - L E D de Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - T Schulien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - M de R Coelho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - L A Alves
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - E M S Dorneles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - A M B G Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - M S O Barreto
- Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - L A L Muzzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - R B Nogueira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Brazil
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10
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Hempt C, Hirsch C, Hannig Y, Rippl A, Wick P, Buerki-Thurnherr T. Investigating the effects of differently produced synthetic amorphous silica (E 551) on the integrity and functionality of the human intestinal barrier using an advanced in vitro co-culture model. Arch Toxicol 2020; 95:837-852. [PMID: 33319326 PMCID: PMC7904742 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
E 551, also known as synthetic amorphous silica (SAS), is the second most produced food additive. However, according to the re-evaluation of E 551 by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2018, the amount of available data on the oral toxicity of food grade E 551 is still insufficient for reliable risk assessment. To close this gap, this study aimed to investigate six food-grade SAS with distinct physicochemical properties on their interaction with the intestinal barrier using advanced in vitro intestinal co-cultures and to identify potential structure-activity relationships. A mucus-secreting Caco-2/HT-29/Raji co-culture model was treated with up to 50 µg/ml SAS for 48 h, which represents a dose range relevant to dietary exposure. No effects on cell viability, barrier integrity, microvilli function or the release of inflammatory cytokine were detected after acute exposure. Slight biological responses were observed for few SAS materials on iron uptake and gene expression levels of mucin 1 and G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). There was no clear correlation between SAS properties (single or combined) and the observed biological responses. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the short-term impact of food-relevant SAS with distinct characteristics on the intestinal epithelium including a range of intestine-specific functional endpoints. In addition, it highlights the importance of using advanced intestinal co-cultures embracing relevant cell types as well as a protective mucus barrier to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the biological response of food additives at the intestinal barrier in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hempt
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Yvette Hannig
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Rippl
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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11
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Pickard H, Hirsch C, Simonoff E, Happé F. Exploring the cognitive, emotional and sensory correlates of social anxiety in autistic and neurotypical adolescents. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 61:1317-1327. [PMID: 32115711 PMCID: PMC7116440 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social anxiety is common in autistic adolescents. While emerging evidence indicates the importance of several mechanisms (including intolerance of uncertainty (IU), alexithymia and sensory processing) for maintaining anxiety, limited research has explored how these factors are associated with social anxiety in autistic adolescents. METHODS We investigated whether IU, emotional and sensory processing are related to social anxiety in autistic and neurotypical adolescents, gathering experimental and questionnaire data from 61 autistic and 62 neurotypical 11- to 17-year-olds recruited to have similarly high levels of anxiety. RESULTS In autistic and neurotypical adolescents matched for social anxiety, similar significant associations were observed between social anxiety and IU, alexithymia, maladaptive emotion regulation, sensory hypersensitivity and interoceptive sensibility. Taking a dimensional approach, we found that child- and parent-reported IU, alexithymia and sensory hypersensitivity mediated the relationship between autistic traits and social anxiety symptoms in the combined group of adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that similar correlates of social anxiety are evident in autistic and neurotypical youths experiencing social anxiety and further our understanding of mechanisms that may contribute towards social anxiety in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pickard
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - C Hirsch
- Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - E Simonoff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
| | - F Happé
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
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12
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Franz P, Bürkle A, Wick P, Hirsch C. Exploring Flow Cytometry-Based Micronucleus Scoring for Reliable Nanomaterial Genotoxicity Assessment. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2538-2549. [PMID: 32945164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) such as SiO2 and TiO2 in industrial products, especially in food, raises concerns with regard to their effect on human health. In particular, ENM-induced genotoxicity is crucial to investigate, since DNA damage can cause induction or promotion of carcinogenesis. However, current in vitro and in vivo nanogenotoxicological data are highly contradictory, which impedes interpretation and extrapolation. Hence, robust, reliable, and ideally scalable in vitro methods for nanogenotoxicity assessment are of great interest. This work aimed at evaluating the suitability of flow cytometry-based micronuclei scoring for reliable nanogenotoxicological assessment in human intestinal cells. Therefore, we have evaluated the genotoxicity of differently sized SiO2 and TiO2 from different sources (food-relevant, commercially available, and laboratory-synthesized) using the well-established alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) and the micronucleus (MN) assay employing a flow cytometric readout. Our study demonstrates that physiologically relevant doses of several types of SiO2 and TiO2 did not cause genotoxicity, as assessed by the Comet assay, and the MN flow cytometry assay under the particular experimental conditions described. To improve data reliability, we identified ENM-induced interferences with flow cytometric scoring employing a set of interference controls, which is generally applicable for any nanomaterial and any cell line. In conclusion, flow cytometry-based MN scoring appears to be a promising methodology in nanogenotoxicity testing since data acquisition and analysis are significantly faster, highly scalable in terms of throughput, and less operator-dependent compared to the traditional microscopic evaluation. In particular, ENM-induced false-positive or false-negative results, which have not been addressed sufficiently in the literature, can be detected easily, thus enhancing data reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Franz
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Chair of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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13
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Stoudmann N, Schmutz M, Hirsch C, Nowack B, Som C. Human hazard potential of nanocellulose: quantitative insights from the literature. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1241-1257. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1814440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Stoudmann
- Technology and Society, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Schmutz
- Technology and Society, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interations, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Som
- Technology and Society, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St.Gallen, Switzerland
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14
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Hempt C, Kaiser JP, Scholder O, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Hofmann H, Rippl A, Schuster TB, Wick P, Hirsch C. The impact of synthetic amorphous silica (E 551) on differentiated Caco-2 cells, a model for the human intestinal epithelium. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104903. [PMID: 32473318 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, food-grade synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) have been used as a technological additive to reduce caking of food powders. Human exposure is thus inevitable and safety concerns are taken seriously. The toxicity of silica in general and SAS in particular has been studied extensively. Overall, there is little evidence that food-grade SAS pose any health risks to humans. However, from the available data it was often not clear which type of silica was used. Accordingly, the latest report of the European food safety authority requested additional toxicity data for well-characterised "real food-grade SAS". To close this gap, we screened a panel of ten well-defined, food-grade SAS for potential adverse effects on differentiated Caco-2 cells. Precipitated and fumed SAS with low, intermediate and high specific surface area were included to determine structure-activity relationships. In a physiological dose-range up to 50 μg/ml and 48 h of incubation, none of the materials induced adverse effects on differentiated Caco-2 cells. This held true for endpoints of acute cytotoxicity as well as epithelial specific measures of barrier integrity. These results showed that despite considerable differences in production routes and material characteristics, food-relevant SAS did not elicit acute toxicity responses in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hempt
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Kaiser
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Scholder
- Nanoscale Materials Science Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Hofmann
- Institute of Materials, Powder Technology Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Rippl
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tobias B Schuster
- Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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15
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Hempt C, Gontsarik M, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Hirsch C, Salentinig S. Nanostructure generation during milk digestion in presence of a cell culture model simulating the small intestine. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 574:430-440. [PMID: 32344233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The development of advanced oral delivery systems for bioactive compounds requires the fundamental understanding of the digestion process within the gastrointestinal tract. Towards this goal, dynamic invitro digestion models, capable of characterising the molecular as well as colloidal aspects of food, together with their biological interactions with relevant invitro cell culture models, are essential. EXPERIMENTS In this study, we demonstrate a novel digestion model that combines flow-through time resolved small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) with an invitro Caco-2/HT-29 cell co-culture model that also contained a mucus layer. This set-up allows the dynamic insitu characterisation of colloidal structures and their transport across a viable intestinal cell layer during simulated digestion. FINDINGS An integrated online SAXS - invitro cell co-culture model was developed and applied to study the digestion of nature's own emulsion, milk. The impact of the invitro cell culture on the digestion-triggered formation and evolution of highly ordered nanostructures in milk is demonstrated. Reported is also the crucial role of the mucus layer on top of the cell layer, protecting the cells from degradation by digestive juice components such as lipase. The novel model can open unique possibilities for the dynamic investigation of colloidal structure formation during lipid digestion and their effect on the uptake of bioactive molecules by the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hempt
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Gontsarik
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Salentinig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Damage to DNA is a central mechanism to the initiation of carcinogenesis. As a consequence, precise DNA damage detection is essential for an effective risk assessment of xenobiotics and constitutes a powerful tool for human biomonitoring and early stage cancer risk assessment. Here we highlight four innovative approaches for determining genotoxicity in a reliable and in the future high-throughput manner. In this context, we discuss and evaluate recent improvements to well-established methods and present promising new techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology , Empa , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Pauline Franz
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology , Empa , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland.,SB ISIC LCBM , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Station 6 , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | | | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology , Empa , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
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17
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Alqutami J, Elger W, Grafe N, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Hirsch C. Dental health, halitosis and mouth breathing in 10-to-15 year old children: A potential connection. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2019; 20:274-279. [PMID: 31850768 DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2019.20.04.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The relationship between mouth breathing and dental caries, gingival inflammation, and halitosis in children is contentious with studies reporting positive and negative associations; this study aimed at investigating the effect of mouth breathing on dental, gingival health status, and halitosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out involving 785 randomly selected children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 15 in the city of Leipzig, Germany (LIFE Child cohort). Caries levels and gingival health status for the upper-right and the lower-left central incisors were assessed by evaluating ICDAS scores and CPI scores, respectively. A standardised questionnaire was used to assess self-reported mouth-breathing habit and halitosis. RESULTS This study showed a statistically significant association between halitosis and mouth breathing (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.5-6.2), and a significant increase in mouth breathing habit in males compared to females (59.7% vs. 40.3%; p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in ICDAS scores, orthodontic treatment, CPI scores, or socioeconomic status between the mouth and nasal-breathing groups. CONCLUSION Mouth breathing habit has no effect on the prevalence of caries or gingivitis based on examining the upper-right central incisor (11) and the lower-left central incisor. However, mouth breathers showed a significant increase in halitosis compared to nasal-breathing individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alqutami
- The LIFE Child study team - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Elger
- The LIFE Child study team - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Grafe
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Hiemisch
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig - Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig - Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Hirsch
- The LIFE Child study team Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
Concern regarding the reproducibility of observations in life science research has emerged in recent years, particularly in view of unfavorable experiences with preclinical in vivo research. The use of cell-based systems has increasingly replaced in vivo research and the application of in vitro models enjoys an ever-growing popularity. To avoid repeating past mistakes, high standards of reproducibility and reliability must be established and maintained in the field of in vitro biomedical research. Detailed guidance documenting the appropriate handling of cells has been authored, but was received with quite disparate perception by different branches in biomedical research. In that regard, we intend to raise awareness of the reproducibility issue among scientists in all branches of contemporary life science research and their individual responsibility in this matter. We have herein compiled a selection of the most susceptible steps of everyday in vitro cell culture routines that have the potential to influence cell quality and recommend practices to minimize the likelihood of poor cell quality impairing reproducibility with modest investment of time and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schildknecht
- In vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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19
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Petersen EJ, Hirsch C, Elliott JT, Krug HF, Aengenheister L, Arif AT, Bogni A, Kinsner-Ovaskainen A, May S, Walser T, Wick P, Roesslein M. Cause-and-Effect Analysis as a Tool To Improve the Reproducibility of Nanobioassays: Four Case Studies. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 33:1039-1054. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J. Petersen
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - John T. Elliott
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Harald F. Krug
- NanoCASE GmbH, St. Gallerstr. 58, 9032 Engelburg, Switzerland
| | - Leonie Aengenheister
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ali Talib Arif
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research (KISSR), Qirga, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Alessia Bogni
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Sarah May
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roesslein
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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20
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Cassano JC, Roesslein M, Kaufmann R, Luethi T, Schicht O, Wick P, Hirsch C. A novel approach to increase robustness, precision and high-throughput capacity of single cell gel electrophoresis. ALTEX 2019; 1:95-109. [PMID: 31473765 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1906252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The routine use of single cell gel electrophoresis assay in medical diagnostics and biomonitoring is prevented by its high variability. Several factors have been identified and can be grouped into four main categories: 1) the biological sample, 2) the assay protocol, 3) the physical parameters during electrophoresis and 4) the analysis. Even though the scientific knowledge on assay variability is available, not much has been done so far to tackle the issues from the technological side. Therefore, this study addresses the question in how far the precise and accurate control over the physical parameters of electrophoresis is able to reduce variability of single cell gel electrophoresis assay results. All four above mentioned categories make up the overall assay variability. To resolve the contribution from a single category, the remaining three have to be kept as constant as possible. To achieve this we generated a set of x-ray treated control cells, worked according to a well-defined standard operating procedure and one single operator performed the analysis. Thereby variability resulting from the electrophoresis tank could be elucidated. We compared assay performance in two such tank systems: a newly developed electrophoresis tank that accurately controls voltage, temperature during the electrophoretic run and the homogeneity of the electric field, and a widely used commercially available standard platform tank. In summary, our results demonstrate that, irrespective of the cellular sample and its intrinsic biological variability, accurate control over physical parameters considerably increases repeatability, reproducibility and precision of single cell gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Cassano
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roesslein
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Kaufmann
- Centre for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland.,current address: Schaer Proton AG, Flaach, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Luethi
- Centre for X-ray Analytics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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21
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Bohmer N, Rippl A, May S, Walter A, Heo MB, Kwak M, Roesslein M, Song NW, Wick P, Hirsch C. Interference of engineered nanomaterials in flow cytometry: A case study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:635-645. [PMID: 30243217 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is regarded as the enabling technology of the 21st century. However, only a relatively small number of nano-enabled medical and healthcare products finally made their way to the market. There are several reasons why such innovative approaches fail in translation, with one key factor being the uncertainty surrounding their safety assessment. Although well described, interference reactions of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with classical cytotoxicity assays remain a major source of uncertainty. Flow cytometry is a powerful, widely used, in vitro technique. Its readout is based on the detection of refracted laser light and fluorescence signals. It is therefore susceptible to ENM interference. Here we investigated possible interferences of ENM in the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay, which quantifies apoptotic and necrotic cell populations by flow cytometry. Two case studies were conducted using either silica or gold nanoparticles differing in size, specific surface area and surface chemistry. Both ENM types were found to cause distinct interference reactions at realistic concentrations. Silica particles induced false-positive signals; however only in the absence of a protein corona and in conjunction with a particular fluorophore combination (FITC/PI). In contrast, gold particles led to complex quenching effects which were only marginally influenced by the presence of proteins and occurred for both fluorophore combinations analyzed. We present a versatile spike-in approach which is applicable to all ENM and cell types. It further allows for the identification of a broad range of different interference phenomena, thereby increasing the reliability and quality of flow cytometry and ENM hazard assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bohmer
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Rippl
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sarah May
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Walter
- Institute of Materials, Powder Technology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Min Beom Heo
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kwak
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias Roesslein
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nam Woong Song
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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22
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May S, Hirsch C, Rippl A, Bohmer N, Kaiser JP, Diener L, Wichser A, Bürkle A, Wick P. Transient DNA damage following exposure to gold nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2018; 10:15723-15735. [PMID: 30094453 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03612h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to their interesting physicochemical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of increasing attention in the field of biomedicine and are under consideration for use in drug delivery and bioimaging, or as radiosensitizers and nano-based vaccines. Thorough evaluation of the genotoxic potential of Au-NPs is required, since damage to the genome can remain undetected in standard hazard assessments. Available genotoxicity data is either limited or contradictory. Here, we examined the influence of three surface modified 3-4 nm Au-NPs on human A549 cells, according to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) paradigm. After 24 h of Au-NP treatment, nanoparticles were taken up by cells as agglomerates; however, no influence on cell viability or inflammation was detected. No increase in ROS production was observed by H2-DCF assay; however, intracellular glutathione levels reduced over time, indicating oxidative stress. All three types of Au-NPs induced DNA damage, as detected by alkaline comet assay. The strongest genotoxic effect was observed for positively charged Au-NP I. Further analysis of Au-NP I by neutral comet assay, fluorimetric detection of alkaline DNA unwinding assay, and γH2AX staining, revealed that the induced DNA lesions were predominantly alkali-labile sites. As highly controlled repair mechanisms have evolved to remove a wide range of DNA lesions with great efficiency, it is important to focus on both acute cyto- and genotoxicity, alongside post-treatment effects and DNA repair. We demonstrate that Au-NP-induced DNA damage is largely repaired over time, indicating that the observed damage is of transient nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah May
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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23
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Baker SR, Foster Page L, Thomson WM, Broomhead T, Bekes K, Benson PE, Aguilar-Diaz F, Do L, Hirsch C, Marshman Z, McGrath C, Mohamed A, Robinson PG, Traebert J, Turton B, Gibson BJ. Structural Determinants and Children's Oral Health: A Cross-National Study. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1129-1136. [PMID: 29608864 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518767401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Much research on children's oral health has focused on proximal determinants at the expense of distal (upstream) factors. Yet, such upstream factors-the so-called structural determinants of health-play a crucial role. Children's lives, and in turn their health, are shaped by politics, economic forces, and social and public policies. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children's clinical (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth) and self-reported oral health (oral health-related quality of life) and 4 key structural determinants (governance, macroeconomic policy, public policy, and social policy) as outlined in the World Health Organization's Commission for Social Determinants of Health framework. Secondary data analyses were carried out using subnational epidemiological samples of 8- to 15-y-olds in 11 countries ( N = 6,648): Australia (372), New Zealand (three samples; 352, 202, 429), Brunei (423), Cambodia (423), Hong Kong (542), Malaysia (439), Thailand (261, 506), United Kingdom (88, 374), Germany (1498), Mexico (335), and Brazil (404). The results indicated that the type of political regime, amount of governance (e.g., rule of law, accountability), gross domestic product per capita, employment ratio, income inequality, type of welfare regime, human development index, government expenditure on health, and out-of-pocket (private) health expenditure by citizens were all associated with children's oral health. The structural determinants accounted for between 5% and 21% of the variance in children's oral health quality-of-life scores. These findings bring attention to the upstream or structural determinants as an understudied area but one that could reap huge rewards for public health dentistry research and the oral health inequalities policy agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Baker
- 1 Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - L Foster Page
- 2 Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - W M Thomson
- 2 Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - T Broomhead
- 1 Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - K Bekes
- 3 Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P E Benson
- 1 Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - F Aguilar-Diaz
- 4 Department of Public Health, National Autonomous University of Mexico León Unit, León, Guanajuato, México
| | - L Do
- 5 Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C Hirsch
- 6 Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Z Marshman
- 1 Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - C McGrath
- 7 Periodontology & Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A Mohamed
- 8 Department of Dental Services, Ministry of Health, Brunei Darussalam
| | - P G Robinson
- 9 Bristol Dental School, The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Traebert
- 10 Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - B Turton
- 11 Department of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - B J Gibson
- 1 Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Claremont Crescent, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Ghitescu RE, Popa AM, Schipanski A, Hirsch C, Yazgan G, Popa VI, Rossi RM, Maniura-Weber K, Fortunato G. Catechin loaded PLGA submicron-sized fibers reduce levels of reactive oxygen species induced by MWCNT in vitro. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 122:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Nazha A, Al-Issa K, Przychodzen B, Abuhadra N, Hirsch C, Maciejewski JP, Sekeres MA. Differences in genomic patterns and clinical outcomes between African-American and White patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e602. [PMID: 28862700 PMCID: PMC5709751 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Nazha
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K Al-Issa
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - B Przychodzen
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - N Abuhadra
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J P Maciejewski
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M A Sekeres
- Department of Translation Hematology and Oncology Research, Leukemia Program, Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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26
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Kucki M, Diener L, Bohmer N, Hirsch C, Krug HF, Palermo V, Wick P. Uptake of label-free graphene oxide by Caco-2 cells is dependent on the cell differentiation status. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:46. [PMID: 28637475 PMCID: PMC5480125 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the interaction of graphene-related materials (GRM) with human cells is a key to the assessment of their potential risks for human health. There is a knowledge gap regarding the potential uptake of GRM by human intestinal cells after unintended ingestion. Therefore the aim of our study was to investigate the interaction of label-free graphene oxide (GO) with the intestinal cell line Caco-2 in vitro and to shed light on the influence of the cell phenotype given by the differentiation status on cellular uptake behaviour. RESULTS Internalisation of two label-free GOs with different lateral size and thickness by undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells was analysed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Semi-quantification of cells associated with GRM was performed by flow cytometry. Undifferentiated Caco-2 cells showed significant amounts of cell-associated GRM, whereas differentiated Caco-2 cells exhibited low adhesion of GO sheets. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed internalisation of both applied GO (small and large) by undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. Even large GO sheets with lateral dimensions up to 10 µm, were found internalised by undifferentiated cells, presumably by macropinocytosis. In contrast, no GO uptake could be found for differentiated Caco-2 cells exhibiting an enterocyte-like morphology with apical brush border. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the internalisation of GO is highly dependent on the cell differentiation status of human intestinal cells. During differentiation Caco-2 cells undergo intense phenotypic changes which lead to a dramatic decrease in GRM internalisation. The results support the hypothesis that the cell surface topography of differentiated Caco-2 cells given by the brush border leads to low adhesion of GO sheets and sterical hindrance for material uptake. In addition, the mechanical properties of GRM, especially flexibility of the sheets, seem to be an important factor for internalisation of large GO sheets by epithelial cells. Our results highlight the importance of the choice of the in vitro model to enable better in vitro-in vivo translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kucki
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Diener
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nils Bohmer
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Harald F. Krug
- International Research Cooperations Manager, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Peter Wick
- Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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27
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Radivoyevitch T, Kuzmanovic T, Sanikommu S, Hirsch C, Abdel-Hamid O, Przychodzen B, Clemente M, Jha B, Lindner D, Moolenaar R, Xu M, Mukherjee S, Sekeres M, Maciejewski J. Myeloid Cancer Mutation Rates Depend on Prior Cancer Therapies. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Nagata Y, Makishima H, Radivoyevitch T, Hirsch C, Przychodzen B, Kuzmanovic T, Li S, Yoshida K, Suzuki H, Adema V, Clemente M, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Sole F, Miyano S, Sekeres M, LaFramboise T, Ogawa S, Maciejewski J. Ancestral Events Including Germline and Somatic Mutations Determine Subclonal Events and Affect Phenotype of Progression in MDS. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Visconte V, Adema V, Hirbawi Y, Przychodzen B, Kelly K, Hirsch C, Clemente M, Balasubramanian S, Carraway H, Lindner D, Sekeres M, Rogers H, Phillips J, Radivoyevitch T, Nawrocki S, Carew J, Maciejewski J. Autophagy Stimulation Improves Erythroid Proliferative Capacity in Models of SF3B1 Mutant MDS. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Nazha A, Al-Issa K, Zarzour A, Radivoyevitch T, Hamilton B, Gerds A, Mukherjee S, Adema V, Clemente M, Patel B, Hirsch C, Advani A, Bartlomiej P, Carraway H, Maciejewski J, Sekeres M. Adding Molecular Data to Prognostic Models can Improve their Predictive Power in Treated Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Radivoyevitch T, Hirsch C, Adema V, Jha B, Lindner D, Olinski R, Xu M, Maciejewski J, Visconte V. TET2 is Iron-Dependent so its Activity may be Compromised in SF3B1 Mutated Age-Related Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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John M, Hirsch C, Drangsholt M, Mancl L, Setz J. Overbite and Overjet are not Related to Self-report of Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms. J Dent Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0810164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Overbite and overjet, especially high or low values, have been found in some studies to be associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study evaluates the relationship between overbite/overjet and three TMD self-report measures (pain, joint noises, limited mouth-opening). Subjects were from two population-based cross-sectional studies (3033 subjects). After adjustment for age and gender, high or low values of overbite were not associated with an increased risk of self-reported TMD pain as compared with a reference category of a normal overbite of 2 to 3 mm (-8 to -1 mm, odds ratio = 0.36, 95% confidence interval = 0.05-2.76; 6 to 15 mm, odds ratio = 1.08, 95% confidence interval = 0.68-1.72). Similar non-significant results were found for overjet and TMD pain, and for the association of overjet/overbite and joint noises or limited mouth-opening. This study provides the strongest evidence to date that there is no association between overbite or overjet and self-reported TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.T. John
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Martin Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Große Steinstr. 19, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, School of
Dentistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Harz 42-44, 06108 Halle/Saale,
Germany
- Department of Oral Medicine and Department of Dental Public Health
Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box
356370, Seattle, WA 98195; and
- Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, School of Dentistry,
University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box 357475, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - C. Hirsch
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Martin Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Große Steinstr. 19, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, School of
Dentistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Harz 42-44, 06108 Halle/Saale,
Germany
- Department of Oral Medicine and Department of Dental Public Health
Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box
356370, Seattle, WA 98195; and
- Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, School of Dentistry,
University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box 357475, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - M.T. Drangsholt
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Martin Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Große Steinstr. 19, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, School of
Dentistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Harz 42-44, 06108 Halle/Saale,
Germany
- Department of Oral Medicine and Department of Dental Public Health
Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box
356370, Seattle, WA 98195; and
- Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, School of Dentistry,
University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box 357475, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - L.A. Mancl
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Martin Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Große Steinstr. 19, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, School of
Dentistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Harz 42-44, 06108 Halle/Saale,
Germany
- Department of Oral Medicine and Department of Dental Public Health
Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box
356370, Seattle, WA 98195; and
- Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, School of Dentistry,
University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box 357475, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - J.M. Setz
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Martin Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Große Steinstr. 19, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, School of
Dentistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Harz 42-44, 06108 Halle/Saale,
Germany
- Department of Oral Medicine and Department of Dental Public Health
Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box
356370, Seattle, WA 98195; and
- Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, School of Dentistry,
University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg., Box 357475, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Visconte V, Shetty S, Przychodzen B, Hirsch C, Bodo J, Maciejewski JP, Hsi ED, Rogers HJ. Clinicopathologic and molecular characterization of myeloid neoplasms with isolated t(6;9)(p23;q34). Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39:409-417. [PMID: 28318095 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The t(6;9)(p23;q34);DEK-NUP214 [t(6;9)] abnormality is found in 0.7-1.8% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). FLT3-ITD mutations are detected in t(6;9) patients. The t(6;9) abnormality is associated with poor outcomes. We studied the clinicopathologic and molecular profiles of patients with AML/MDS carrying t(6;9). METHODS We collected clinical data of nine patients with AML/MDS with isolated t(6;9) (median age = 41 years; male/female = 4/5) and genotyped DNAs using whole exome, Sanger, and targeted sequencing. RESULTS Our cohort was characterized by frequent multilineage dysplasia (56%), absence of phospho-STAT3/STAT5 expression, presence of myeloid markers (CD13, CD33, CD34, CD117, HLA-DR) with an aberrant expression of CD7, and poor outcome (median survival of 20 months). Although basophilia has been described in association with t(6;9), we observed lack of marrow basophilia in our cohort. Molecularly, 83% (5/6) of patients with AML/MDS with t(6;9) were characterized by at least one somatic mutation. Among them, four patients showed multiple mutations. FLT3-ITD mutations were detected in 33% of patients (2/6); 80% (4/5) of mutant patients died even after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that AML/MDS patients with t(6;9) have diverse molecular mutations regardless of the presence of FLT3 mutations, which may contribute to their poor survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S Shetty
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - B Przychodzen
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J Bodo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E D Hsi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - H J Rogers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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34
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Civardi C, Schlagenhauf L, Kaiser JP, Hirsch C, Mucchino C, Wichser A, Wick P, Schwarze FWMR. Release of copper-amended particles from micronized copper-pressure-treated wood during mechanical abrasion. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:77. [PMID: 27894312 PMCID: PMC5126862 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the particles released due to abrasion of wood surfaces pressure-treated with micronized copper azole (MCA) wood preservative and we gathered preliminary data on its in vitro cytotoxicity for lung cells. The data were compared with particles released after abrasion of untreated, water (0% MCA)-pressure-treated, chromated copper (CC)-pressure-treated wood, and varnished wood. Size, morphology, and composition of the released particles were analyzed. Results Our results indicate that the abrasion of MCA-pressure-treated wood does not cause an additional release of nanoparticles from the unreacted copper (Cu) carbonate nanoparticles from of the MCA formulation. However, a small amount of released Cu was detected in the nanosized fraction of wood dust, which could penetrate the deep lungs. The acute cytotoxicity studies were performed on a human lung epithelial cell line and human macrophages derived from a monocytic cell line. These cell types are likely to encounter the released wood particles after inhalation. Conclusions Our findings indicate that under the experimental conditions chosen, MCA does not pose a specific additional nano-risk, i.e. there is no additional release of nanoparticles and no specific nano-toxicity for lung epithelial cells and macrophages. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-016-0232-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Civardi
- Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland. .,Institute for Building Materials, ETH, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lukas Schlagenhauf
- Empa, Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Empa, Analytical Chemistry, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Institute for Environmental Engineering, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Mucchino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Adrian Wichser
- Empa, Analytical Chemistry, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Francis W M R Schwarze
- Laboratory for Applied Wood Materials, Empa, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Visconte V, Przychodzen B, Han Y, Nawrocki ST, Thota S, Kelly KR, Patel BJ, Hirsch C, Advani AS, Carraway HE, Sekeres MA, Maciejewski JP, Carew JS. Complete mutational spectrum of the autophagy interactome: a novel class of tumor suppressor genes in myeloid neoplasms. Leukemia 2016; 31:505-510. [PMID: 27773925 PMCID: PMC5844476 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - B Przychodzen
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Y Han
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S T Nawrocki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Thota
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K R Kelly
- Department of Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B J Patel
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A S Advani
- Leukemia Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - H E Carraway
- Leukemia Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M A Sekeres
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Leukemia Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J S Carew
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Negoro E, Radivoyevitch T, Polprasert C, Adema V, Hosono N, Makishima H, Przychodzen B, Hirsch C, Clemente MJ, Nazha A, Santini V, McGraw KL, List AF, Sole F, Sekeres MA, Maciejewski JP. Molecular predictors of response in patients with myeloid neoplasms treated with lenalidomide. Leukemia 2016; 30:2405-2409. [PMID: 27560106 PMCID: PMC5143200 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Negoro
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - T Radivoyevitch
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Polprasert
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - V Adema
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Hosono
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - H Makishima
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - B Przychodzen
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Hirsch
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M J Clemente
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A Nazha
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - V Santini
- Hematology Unit, AOU Careggi, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - K L McGraw
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - A F List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - F Sole
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Sekeres
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Thomson W, Foster Page L, Robinson P, Do L, Traebert J, Mohamed A, Turton B, McGrath C, Bekes K, Hirsch C, del Carmen Aguilar-Diaz F, Marshman Z, Benson P, Baker S. Psychometric assessment of the short-form Child Perceptions Questionnaire: an international collaborative study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:549-556. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W.M. Thomson
- Department of Oral Sciences; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - L.A. Foster Page
- Department of Oral Sciences; Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - P.G. Robinson
- School of Oral and Dental Sciences; The University of Bristol; Bristol UK
| | - L.G. Do
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - J. Traebert
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences; University of Southern Santa Catarina; Tubarao Brazil
| | - A.R. Mohamed
- Department of Dental Services; Ministry of Health; Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Darussalam
| | - B.J. Turton
- Department of Dentistry; University of Puthisastra; Phnom Penh Cambodia
| | - C. McGrath
- Periodontology & Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - K. Bekes
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; University Dental Clinic; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Hirsch
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | | | - Z. Marshman
- School of Clinical Dentistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - P.E. Benson
- School of Clinical Dentistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - S.R. Baker
- School of Clinical Dentistry; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
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Hirsch C, Ilharreborde B, Mazda K. Flexibility analysis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis on side-bending images using the EOS imaging system. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:495-500. [PMID: 27090816 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Analysis of preoperative flexibility in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is essential to classify the curves, determine their structurality, and select the fusion levels during preoperative planning. Side-bending x-rays are the gold standard for the analysis of preoperative flexibility. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and performance of side-bending images taken in the standing position using the EOS imaging system. MATERIAL AND METHODS All patients who underwent preoperative assessment between April 2012 and January 2013 for AIS were prospectively included in the study. The work-up included standing AP and lateral EOS x-rays of the spine, standard side-bending x-rays in the supine position, and standing bending x-rays in the EOS booth. The irradiation dose was measured for each of the tests. Two-dimensional reducibility of the Cobb angle was measured on both types of bending x-rays. RESULTS The results were based on the 50 patients in the study. No significant difference was demonstrated for reducibility of the Cobb angle between the standing side-bending images with the EOS imaging system and those in the supine position for all types of Lenke deformation. The irradiation dose was five times lower during the EOS bending imaging. CONCLUSION The standing side-bending images in the EOS device contributed the same results as the supine images, with five times less irradiation. They should therefore be used in clinical routine. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - B Ilharreborde
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, hôpital Robert-Debré, université Paris-Diderot, 75019 Paris, France
| | - K Mazda
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, hôpital Robert-Debré, université Paris-Diderot, 75019 Paris, France
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Hirsch C, Striegl B, Mathes S, Adlhart C, Edelmann M, Bono E, Gaan S, Salmeia KA, Hoelting L, Krebs A, Nyffeler J, Pape R, Bürkle A, Leist M, Wick P, Schildknecht S. Multiparameter toxicity assessment of novel DOPO-derived organophosphorus flame retardants. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:407-425. [PMID: 26928308 PMCID: PMC5225203 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-free organophosphorus flame retardants are considered as replacements for the phased-out class of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). However, toxicological information on new flame retardants is still limited. Based on their excellent flame retardation potential, we have selected three novel 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives and assessed their toxicological profile using a battery of in vitro test systems in order to provide toxicological information before their large-scale production and use. PBDE-99, applied as a reference compound, exhibited distinct neuro-selective cytotoxicity at concentrations ≥10 µM. 6-(2-((6-oxido-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinin-6-yl)amino)ethoxy)-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide (ETA-DOPO) and 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (EG-DOPO) displayed adverse effects at concentrations >10 µM in test systems reflecting the properties of human central and peripheral nervous system neurons, as well as in a set of non-neuronal cell types. DOPO and its derivative 6,6′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide) (EDA-DOPO) were neither neurotoxic, nor did they exhibit an influence on neural crest cell migration, or on the integrity of human skin equivalents. The two compounds furthermore displayed no inflammatory activation potential, nor did they affect algae growth or daphnia viability at concentrations ≤400 µM. Based on the superior flame retardation properties, biophysical features suited for use in polyurethane foams, and low cytotoxicity of EDA-DOPO, our results suggest that it is a candidate for the replacement of currently applied flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Britta Striegl
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Mathes
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Christian Adlhart
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Michael Edelmann
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Epifania Bono
- ZHAW, Life Sciences and Facility Management, Einsiedlerstr. 31, 8820, Waedenswil, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Khalifah A Salmeia
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Hoelting
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alice Krebs
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Johanna Nyffeler
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Regina Pape
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Hirsch C, Neuhäuser D, Gloaguen C, Schmidt V. First Passage Percolation on Random Geometric Graphs and an Application to Shortest-Path Trees. ADV APPL PROBAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1239/aap/1435236978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We consider Euclidean first passage percolation on a large family of connected random geometric graphs in the d-dimensional Euclidean space encompassing various well-known models from stochastic geometry. In particular, we establish a strong linear growth property for shortest-path lengths on random geometric graphs which are generated by point processes. We consider the event that the growth of shortest-path lengths between two (end) points of the path does not admit a linear upper bound. Our linear growth property implies that the probability of this event tends to zero sub-exponentially fast if the direct (Euclidean) distance between the endpoints tends to infinity. Besides, for a wide class of stationary and isotropic random geometric graphs, our linear growth property implies a shape theorem for the Euclidean first passage model defined by such random geometric graphs. Finally, this shape theorem can be used to investigate a problem which is considered in structural analysis of fixed-access telecommunication networks, where we determine the limiting distribution of the length of the longest branch in the shortest-path tree extracted from a typical segment system if the intensity of network stations converges to 0.
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Pascal-Moussellard H, Hirsch C, Bonaccorsi R. Osteosynthesis in sacral fracture and lumbosacral dislocation. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:S45-57. [PMID: 26810715 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Sacral fracture and lumbosacral hinge trauma are rare but serious lesions. Neurologic disorder is frequently associated, and nerve release may be required, with reduction and stabilization of the fracture. Management requires knowing the fracture lines and reduction maneuvers and the fixation techniques that may need to be associated. Three classifications allow these fractures to be well understood: the Roy-Camille classification identifies high transverse fractures and their displacement; the Denis classification identifies vertical fracture line location within the sacrum, which correlates with neurologic risk; and the Tile classification analyzes pelvic ring trauma when associated with the sacral fracture. Treatment, when surgical, requires careful patient positioning, sometimes on an orthopedic table. Reduction maneuvers are founded on the fracture classification. Isolated U-shaped fracture of the sacrum is to be distinguished from sacral fracture associated with pelvic ring lesion. Osteosynthesis may be lumbopelvic or restricted to the pelvic ring (sacroiliac or iliosacral). Open osteosynthesis allows reduction to be finalized by intraoperative maneuvers on the implant, while closed osteosynthesis requires perfect preoperative reduction. Complications are frequent and neurologic recovery is uncertain. Fatigue and osteoporotic fractures show little displacement and are good indications for cementoplasty, either isolated or associated to iliosacral screwing. In lumbosacral hinge trauma, and dislocation in particular, reduction surgery with fixation (usually 360°) is indicated. The present study details the analysis and classification of these fractures, the technical pitfalls of reduction and fixation, and treatment indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pascal-Moussellard
- Service d'orthopédie, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, pavillon Gaston-Cordier, 7(e) étage, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - C Hirsch
- Service d'orthopédie, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, pavillon Gaston-Cordier, 7(e) étage, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - R Bonaccorsi
- Service d'orthopédie, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, pavillon Gaston-Cordier, 7(e) étage, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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Abstract
The almost-sure connectivity of the Euclidean minimal spanning forest MSF(X) on a homogeneous Poisson point process X ⊂ ℝd is an open problem for dimension d>2. We introduce a descending family of graphs (Gn)n≥2 that can be seen as approximations to the MSF in the sense that MSF(X)=∩n=2∞Gn(X). For n=2, one recovers the relative neighborhood graph or, in other words, the β-skeleton with β=2. We show that almost-sure connectivity of Gn(X) holds for all n≥2, all dimensions d≥2, and also point processes X more general than the homogeneous Poisson point process. In particular, we show that almost-sure connectivity holds if certain continuum percolation thresholds are strictly positive or, more generally, if almost surely X does not admit generalized descending chains.
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Ulrich S, Hirsch C, Diener L, Wick P, Rossi RM, Bannwarth MB, Boesel LF. Preparation of ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles with modular compositions and investigation of shape-dependent cell-uptake. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid ellipsoid-shaped supraparticles consisting of different nanomaterials are fabricated and the influence of the supraparticle shape on cell-uptake is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ulrich
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Laboratory for Protection and Physiology. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - C. Hirsch
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Particle-Biology Interactions Laboratory. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - L. Diener
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Particle-Biology Interactions Laboratory. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - P. Wick
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Particle-Biology Interactions Laboratory. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - R. M. Rossi
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Laboratory for Protection and Physiology. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - M. B. Bannwarth
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Laboratory for Protection and Physiology. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - L. F. Boesel
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. Laboratory for Protection and Physiology. Lerchenfeldstrasse 5
- CH-9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
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Hirsch C, Camargos MF, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Fonseca Júnior AA, Rajão DS, Heinemann MB, Reis JKP, Leite RC. Genetic variability and phylogeny of the 5' long terminal repeat from Brazilian bovine leukemia virus. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:14530-8. [PMID: 26600512 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.18.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of 22 strains of bovine leukemia virus obtained by polymerase chain reaction to amplify a 582-base pair fragment of the transcriptional regulatory region 5' long terminal repeat (LTR). Twenty-two samples of proviral DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells containing bovine leukemia virus from naturally infected bovine from 4 distinct geographic regions in Brazil were investigated. The products obtained by polymerase chain reaction were subjected to direct sequencing and sequence alignment. Fragments of 422 nucleotides were obtained, located between positions -118 and +303 base pairs of the 5'LTR. These fragments corresponded to 80% of the LTR region and included 56% of sub-region U3, 100% of R, and 82.5% of U5. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences showed a high conservation degree in the 5'LTR region, with 5 well defined groups. However, a hotspot occurrence in the R-U5 region was also observed, which contained 40% of all nucleotide variability observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M F Camargos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brasil
| | - E F Barbosa-Stancioli
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - A A Fonseca Júnior
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Pedro Leopoldo, MG, Brasil
| | - D S Rajão
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M B Heinemann
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - J K P Reis
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - R C Leite
- Laboratório de Retroviroses, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Anilmis JV, Stewart CS, Roddy S, Hassanali N, Muccio F, Browning S, Bracegirdle K, Corrigall R, Laurens KR, Hirsch C, Kuipers E, Maddox L, Jolley S. Understanding the relationship between schematic beliefs, bullying, and unusual experiences in 8-14 year olds. Eur Psychiatry 2015; 30:920-3. [PMID: 26647867 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive models of adult psychosis propose that negative schematic beliefs (NSBs) mediate the established association between victimisation and psychotic symptoms. In childhood, unusual, or psychotic-like, experiences are associated with bullying (a common form of victimisation) and NSBs. This study tests the mediating role of NSBs in the relationship between bullying and distressing unusual experiences (UEDs) in childhood. METHOD Ninety-four 8-14 year olds referred to community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services completed self-report assessments of UEDs, bullying, and NSBs about the self (NS) and others (NO). RESULTS Both NS and NO were associated with bullying (NS: r=.40, P<.001; NO: r=.33, P=.002), and with UEDs (NS: r=.51, P<.001; NO: r=.43, P<.001). Both NS and NO significantly mediated the relationship between bullying and UEDs (NS: z=3.15, P=.002; NO: z=2.35, P=.019). CONCLUSIONS Children's NSBs may mediate the adverse psychological impact of victimisation, and are appropriate treatment targets for young people with UEDs. Early educational intervention to reduce negative appraisals of the self and others may increase resilience to future adverse experiences and reduce later mental health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Anilmis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK.
| | - C S Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Roddy
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N Hassanali
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK
| | - F Muccio
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Browning
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Bracegirdle
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Corrigall
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K R Laurens
- National Institute for Health Research Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit (BRC/U), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, London, UK; University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Research Unit for Schizophrenia Epidemiology, Sydney, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Hirsch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit (BRC/U), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - E Kuipers
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit (BRC/U), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Maddox
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Jolley
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK
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Hirsch C, Breque C, Ragot S, Pascal-Mousselard H, Richer JP, Scepi M, Khiami F. Biomechanical study of dynamic changes in L4-L5 foramen surface area in flexion and extension after implantation of four interspinous process devices. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2015; 101:215-9. [PMID: 25736197 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbar spinal stenosis is a major public health issue. Interspinous devices implanted using minimally invasive techniques may constitute an alternative to the reference standard of bony decompression with or without intervertebral fusion. However, their indications remain unclear, due to a paucity of clinical and biomechanical data. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of four interspinous process devices implanted at L4-L5 on the intervertebral foramen surface areas at the treated and adjacent levels, in flexion and in extension. MATERIALS AND METHOD Six fresh frozen human cadaver lumbar spines (L2-sacrum) were tested on a dedicated spinal loading frame, in flexion and extension, from 0 to 10 N·m, after preparation and marking of the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 foramina. Stereoscopic 3D images were acquired at baseline then after implantation at L4-L5 of each of the four devices (Inspace(®), Synthes; X-Stop(®), Medtronic; Wallis(®), Zimmer; and Diam(®), Medtronic). The surface areas of the three foramina of interest were computed. RESULTS All four devices significantly opened the L4-L5 foramen in extension. The effects in flexion separated the devices into two categories. With the two devices characterized by fixation in the spinous processes (Wallis(®) and Diam(®)), the L4-L5 foramen opened only in extension; whereas with the other two devices (X-Stop(®) and Inspace(®)), the L4-L5 foramen opened not only in extension, but also in flexion and in the neutral position. None of the devices implanted at L4-L5 modified the size of the L3-L4 foramen. X-Stop(®) and Diam(®) closed the L5-S1 foramen in extension, whereas the other two devices had no effect at this level. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that interspinous process devices modify the surface area of the interspinous foramina in vitro. Clinical studies are needed to clarify patient selection criteria for interspinous process device implantation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV. Investigating an orthopaedic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, UPMC University, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - C Breque
- Laboratoire d'anatomie, Université de Poitiers, 15 rue de l'Hôtel Dieu, TSA 71117, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - S Ragot
- Clinical Investigation Centre, Poitiers University, Poitiers, France
| | - H Pascal-Mousselard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, UPMC University, 75013 Paris, France
| | - J-P Richer
- Anatomy Department, Poitiers University, Poitiers, France
| | - M Scepi
- Anatomy Department, Poitiers University, Poitiers, France
| | - F Khiami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, UPMC University, 75013 Paris, France
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Rösslein M, Elliott JT, Salit M, Petersen EJ, Hirsch C, Krug HF, Wick P. Use of Cause-and-Effect Analysis to Design a High-Quality Nanocytotoxicology Assay. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:21-30. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500327y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rösslein
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - John T. Elliott
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Marc Salit
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Elijah J. Petersen
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Harald F. Krug
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Peter Wick
- Materials-Biology Interactions Laboratory, and ‡International
Research Cooperations Manager, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research (Empa), CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Cell Systems Science
Group, and ∥Genome Scale Measurements Group, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Hirsch C, Ilharreborde B, Fournier J, Mazda K, Bonnard C. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction achieved by posteromedial translation using polyester bands: A comparative study of subtransverse process versus sublaminar fixation. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2014; 100:791-5. [PMID: 25442051 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sublaminar polyester bands have been used in hybrid construct to achieve correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis since 2003. Despite the reported safety of the bands, some surgeons remain reluctant at the idea of approaching the canal because of the potential neurological complications reported with the Luque wiring. Sub transverse bands might be an alternative. The present study is the first to compare sublaminar polyester band fixation to fixation of polyester bands around the transverse processes in hybrid constructs used to treat AIS. METHODS Two cohorts of consecutive patients treated for thoracic AIS were retrospectively reviewed, with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Posteromedial translation was used for main curve correction in all cases. Sublaminar polyester bands were used in group 1 (20 patients). In group 2 (20 patients), the same implant was used, but the bands were passed around the transverse process instead of the lamina. Radiographic analysis included frontal Cobb angle measurements for each curve, thoracic kyphosis and rotation of the apical vertebra (RVA). RESULTS Mean operative time was similar in groups 1 and 2 (235±35 and 240±30minutes, respectively). Mean frontal correction achieved for the main curve was similar in both groups, 62.5±17.4% in group 1 and 54.1±19.4% in group 2. Sagittal correction was similar, with a final mean thoracic kyphosis of 30.9°±9.7° and 27.8°± 6.8° in group 1 and 2, respectively. Correction of RVA was similar in both groups postoperatively, 65.8% (±29.1) and 54.4% (±42.7) in group 1 and 2 respectively. No transverse process or lamina fracture was observed during insertion of the bands or curve correction in any of the groups. CONCLUSION This study confirms that anchorage of Universal clamps (UCs) around transverse processes is a safe and efficacious technique in both the frontal and sagittal planes, providing a useful alternative for the correction of moderate AIS. UCs attached to transverse processes can achieve correction of moderate AIS similar to that obtained with sublaminar UCs while further reducing risks of vertebral canal complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hirsch
- Orthopedic Department, Beaujon Hospital, Université Paris-Diderot, AP-HP, 100, boulevard du Général-Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France.
| | - B Ilharreborde
- Pediatric-Orthopedic Department, Robert-Debré Hospital, Université Paris-Diderot, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - J Fournier
- Pediatric-Orthopedic Department, Clocheville Pediatric Hospital, Université F. Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - K Mazda
- Pediatric-Orthopedic Department, Robert-Debré Hospital, Université Paris-Diderot, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - C Bonnard
- Pediatric-Orthopedic Department, Clocheville Pediatric Hospital, Université F. Rabelais, Tours, France
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Bachmatiuk A, Mendes RG, Hirsch C, Jähne C, Lohe MR, Grothe J, Kaskel S, Fu L, Klingeler R, Eckert J, Wick P, Rümmeli MH. Few-layer graphene shells and nonmagnetic encapsulates: a versatile and nontoxic carbon nanomaterial. ACS Nano 2013; 7:10552-62. [PMID: 24215570 DOI: 10.1021/nn4051562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work a simple and scalable approach to coat nonmagnetic nanoparticles with few-layer graphene is presented. In addition, the easy processing of such nanoparticles to remove their core, leaving only the 3D graphene nanoshell, is demonstrated. The samples are comprehensively characterized, as are their versatility in terms of functionalization and as a material for electrochemical storage. Indeed, these 3D graphene nanostructures are easily functionalized much as is found with carbon nanotubes and planar graphene. Electrochemical investigations indicate these nanostructures are promising for stable long-life battery applications. Finally, initial toxicological investigations suggest no acute health risk from these 3D graphene nanostructures.
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Hoffmann J, Krey KF, Hirsch C. Pubertal status of children and adolescents during orthodontic treatment. J Orofac Orthop 2013; 74:257-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-013-0145-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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