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Díaz JA, Castillo D, Oyarzún R, Briso A, Montecinos M, Pastén P. The dynamics of arsenic and copper in solid and aqueous phases in reactive confluences receiving acid drainage: The role of turbidity and particle size. Environ Pollut 2023; 327:121449. [PMID: 36963458 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The fate of suspended solids in aqueous systems enriched with copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) is still poorly understood, especially in mildly acidic streams with natural turbidity. This study integrated field, laboratory, and modeling to determine how turbidity, particle size distribution, and the partition of Cu and As interact in two model river confluences in an Andean watershed (upper Elqui, North-Central Chile). The mildly acidic Toro River (4<pH<5; AsTOTAL>0.4 mgL-1; CuTOTAL>8 mgL-1) was diluted and neutralized at two consecutive confluences, resulting in dissolved As and Cu lower than 0.04 and 0.1 mgL-1, respectively. On-site laser scattering measurements showed that the size of suspended sediments was dominated by ultrafine (d<6 μm) and fine (6<d<63 μm) size modes, while larger modes (d>200 μm) were not observed, contrasting with other reactive Andean confluences that work as natural coagulation-flocculation reactors. Laboratory mixing experiments with filtered endmembers followed closely the trends observed in the field measurements. SEM observations and thermodynamic calculations, suggested that As-rich amorphous Fe minerals dominated the fine suspended solid inflow (d<15 μm) from the Toro River, while XRD did not reveal significant amounts of crystalline forms of Fe, As, or Cu minerals. Despite fresh precipitates that further associated dissolved As and Cu, the particles from the Toro River grew only slightly after the confluences, thus limiting particle settling potential and a significant metal-(loid)s removal. Consequently, the seasonal variation in the size and chemical nature of suspended solids in acid drainage inflows control the distinct physical and chemical fates of As and Cu after neutralization, as well as hydrodynamic or hydraulic conditions likely also constrain sediment deposition. The combined monitoring of chemical parameters and particle size distributions is a simple and cost-effective method to obtain information about the behavior of metal(loid)s and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), El Comendador 1916, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Castillo
- Programa de Doctorado en Agua, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de La Serena, Benavente 980, La Serena, Chile
| | - R Oyarzún
- Departamento Ingeniería de Minas, Universidad de La Serena, Benavente 980, La Serena, Chile; Centro de Recursos Hídricos para la Agricultura y la Minería (CRHIAM), Victoria 1295, Concepción, 4070411, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
| | - A Briso
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), El Comendador 1916, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Montecinos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), El Comendador 1916, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Pastén
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), El Comendador 1916, Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Reyes JM, Gutierrez MV, Madariaga H, Otero W, Guzman R, Izquierdo J, Abello M, Velez P, Castillo D, Ponce de Leon D, Lukic T, Amador L. Patient-reported outcomes in RA patients treated with tofacitinib or bDMARDs in real-life conditions in two Latin American countries. Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) 2023; 19:319-327. [PMID: 37286268 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with an inadequate response to conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) treated with tofacitinib or biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) in real-life conditions. METHODS A noninterventional study was performed between March 2017 and September 2019 at 13 sites in Colombia and Peru. Outcomes measured at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up were disease activity (RAPID3 [Routine Assessment of Patients Index Data] score), functional status (HAQ-DI [Health Assessment Questionnaire] score), and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L [EuroQol Questionnaire]). The Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28-ESR) and frequency of adverse events (AEs) were also reported. Unadjusted and adjusted differences from baseline were estimated and expressed as the least squares mean difference (LSMD). RESULTS Data from 100 patients treated with tofacitinib and 70 patients with bDMARDs were collected. At baseline, the patients' mean age was 53.53 years (SD 13.77), the mean disease duration was 6.31 years (SD 7.01). The change from baseline at month 6 was not statistically significant different in the adjusted LSMD [SD] for tofacitinib vs. bDMARDs for RAPID3 score (-2.55[.30] vs. -2.52[.26]), HAQ-DI score (-.56[.07] vs. -.50[.08]), EQ-5D-3L score (.39[.04] vs. .37[.04]) and DAS28-ESR (-2.37[.22] vs. -2.77[.20]). Patients from both groups presented similar proportions of nonserious and serious AEs. No deaths were reported. CONCLUSION Changes from baseline were not statistically significantly different between tofacitinib and bDMARDs in terms of RAPID3 scores and secondary outcomes. Patients from both groups presented similar proportions of nonserious and serious AEs. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT03073109.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - H Madariaga
- Centro Especializado de enfermedades neoplásicas (CEEN), Arequipa, Peru
| | - W Otero
- Centro Servimed, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - R Guzman
- Instituto de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Renato Guzmán (IDEARG), Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - M Abello
- Centro Integral de Reumatología Circaribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - P Velez
- Centro de Investigación en Reumatología y Especialidades Médicas (CIREEM), Bogota, Colombia
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Sanchez LC, Herrero CR, Cobos I, Bespin J, Gadea C, Cerdá-Cortés P, Palma J, Vicens-Zygmunt V, Bermudo G, Portillo K, Boldova A, Robles A, Arribas J, Figuerola J, Blavia R, Moreno A, Castillo D, Villar A, Belmonte Y, Badenes-Bonet D, Zayas D, Suarez-Cuartin G, Garcia-Bellmunt L, Sellarés J, Barril S, Sans J, Serra M, Perich D, Esteban L, Esteban L, Balcells E, Gil F, Ruiz E, Fina C, Molina-Molina M. Benefits of a Homecare Integral Patient Support Program in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Arch Bronconeumol 2023:S0300-2896(23)00107-2. [PMID: 37003881 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Durán A, Montegudo JM, Castillo D, Expósito AJ. UV/solar photo-degradation of furaltadone in homogeneous and heterogeneous phases: Intensification with persulfate. J Environ Manage 2022; 319:115712. [PMID: 35849926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on removal of the pharmaceutical drug Furaltadone (FTD) in water have not shown to be totally efficient or are very expensive. In this study, sulfate radicals derived from persulfate anions activated with different irradiation sources (UVA, UVC and solar light) and combined with H2O2 and/or TiO2 have been tested in homogeneous and heterogeneous phases under different operation modes and reaction systems. In homogeneous phase, UV produces a slow mineralization (k = 0.0013 min-1). The combined processes are faster (kUV/H2O2 = 0.0185 min-1, kUV/PS = 0.0206 min-1) with the best performance for the UV/PS system yielding nearly 80% of mineralization in half an hour. The overall process (UV/H2O2/PS) does not show synergy and mineralization is even slower (kUV/H2O2/PS = 0.015 min-1) due to the production of a high amount of radicals favouring unproductive reactions (scavenger effect). A mineralization mechanism is proposed involving formation of 5hydroxymethylene-2(5H)-furanone and NO as the main intermediates. In heterogeneous phase (UVA/TiO2/PS), the holes play an important role changing the mineralization mechanism. The main intermediates formed were C12H17N4O4 and C11H14N3O4, which rapidly were degraded to form C8H15O3N3, C4H10NO and C5H10NO. An economic study of operation costs has been made for selected processes: UVC/PS, UVA/TiO2/PS and Solar/TiO2/PS. The Solar/TiO2/PS process has the lowest operation costs due to the use of solar energy. However, it would need an additional stage to recover the catalyst. Finally, a loss of 27% in efficiency during mineralization was found after 5 cycles, but the catalyst recovers its initial performance after regeneration at 500 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Durán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Grupo IMAES. ETSII, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Camilo José Cela 3, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - José María Montegudo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Grupo IMAES. ETSII, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Camilo José Cela 3, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - D Castillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Grupo IMAES. ETSII, Instituto de Investigaciones Energéticas y Aplicaciones Industriales (INEI), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Camilo José Cela 3, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Expósito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Parmekar S, Shah R, Gokulakrishnan G, Gowda S, Castillo D, Iniguez S, Gallegos J, Sisson A, Thammasitboon S, Pammi M. Components of interprofessional education programs in neonatal medicine: A focused BEME review: BEME Guide No. 73. Med Teach 2022; 44:823-835. [PMID: 35319316 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2053086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Care delivery in neonatology is dependent on an interprofessional team. Collaborative learning and education amongst professionals can lead to successful management of critically ill patients. This focused BEME review synthesized the components, outcomes, and impact of such interprofessional education (IPE) programs in neonatal medicine. METHODS The authors systematically searched four online databases and hand-searched MedEdPublish up to 10 September 2020. Two authors independently screened titles, abstracts, full-texts, performed data extraction and risk of bias assessment related to study methodology and reporting. Discrepancies were resolved by a third author. We reported our findings based on BEME guidance and the STORIES (STructured apprOach to the Reporting in health education of Evidence Synthesis) statement. RESULTS We included 17 studies on IPE in neonatal medicine. Most studies were from North America with varying learners, objectives, instruction, and observed outcomes. Learners represented nurses, respiratory therapists, neonatal nurse practitioners, patient care technicians, parents, early interventionists, physicians, and medical trainees amongst others. Risk of bias assessment in reporting revealed poor reporting of resources and instructor training. Bias assessment for study methodology noted moderate quality evidence with validity evidence as the weakest domain. IPE instruction strategies included simulation with debriefing, didactics, and online instruction. Most studies reported level 1 Kirkpatrick outcomes (76%) and few reported level 3 or 4 outcomes (23%). Challenges include buy-in from leadership and the negative influence of hierarchy amongst learners. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights IPE program components within neonatal medicine and exemplary practices including a multimodal instructional approach, asynchronous instruction, an emphasis on teamwork, and elimination of hierarchy amongst learners. We identified a lack of reporting on program development and instructor training. Future work should address long term knowledge and skill retention and impact on patient outcomes and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parmekar
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Shah
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Gokulakrishnan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Gowda
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Castillo
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Iniguez
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Gallegos
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Sisson
- The Texas Medical Center Library, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Thammasitboon
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Research, Innovation and Scholarship in medical Education, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Pammi
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Conticini E, D’alessandro M, Bergantini L, Castillo D, Falsetti P, Cameli P, Bargagli E, Cantarini L, Frediani B. POS0823 KL-6 IN ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ILD: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) are small vessel vasculitis which may variously affect upper and lower respiratory tract. Patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and, less commonly, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), especially those who are ANCA-MPO-positive, may suffer from interstitial lung disease (ILD), which is associated with high morbidity and mortality as it is often underdiagnosed and responds poorly to conventional treatmentsObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to assess whether Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), a marker of fibrotic ILD, may be useful for distinguishing AAV patients with ILD from those without ILD, and whether its changes over time are correlated with disease activity.MethodsWe enrolled all consecutive patients evaluated in the period December 2020 - November 2021. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of GPA or MPA, active disease, and eligibility for Rituximab treatment according to EULAR recommendations. All patients underwent concomitant rheumatological and pneumological evaluation, lung function tests, routine blood tests, autoimmunity evaluation and KL-6 assay. Current and previous treatments, Birmingham vasculitis score (BVAS) and vasculitis damage index were also recorded.ResultsA total of 13 patients (Table 1) were enrolled. One was excluded due to a concomitant diagnosis of lung cancer. Higher serum KL-6 were in AAV-ILD compared with those without ILD (972.8±398.5 vs 305.4±93.9, p=0.0040). Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve showed 100% of the diagnostic performance of KL-6 for identifying the ILD involvement (accuracy 91.7%) and the best cutoff value of 368 U/mL (Sensitivity 100% and specificity 87.5%). The decision-tree model showed a 33% improvement in class purity using a cut-off value of 513 U/mL to distinguish AAV patients with and without ILD (Figure 1). Stratifying AAV patients as MPA and GPA with and without ILD considering T0 and T1 KL-6, the model obtained an improvement of 40% for classifying GPA non-ILD with a T0 serum KL-6 cut-off value of 513 U/mL and a T1 KL-6 cut-off of 301 U/mL. A direct correlation was found between serum T0 KL-6 and T0 BVAS (r=0.578, p=0.044).Table 1.Patients’ featuresSex/ageDiagnosisLength of disease * (months)Organs involvedType of lung involvementT0 KL6 levelsT0 BVAST0 VDIT1 KL6 levelsT1 BVAST1 VDIF/83MPA28Lung, kidney, PNSILD, alveolar hemorrhage6258732507M/48GPA1Lung, kidney, nose, eyeNodules35218027920F/55GPA252Lung, skinNodules40115360233F/38MPA1Skin-34760---F/74MPA180Kidney, PNS-36811541405M/77MPA8Lung, kidney, PNS, skinILD, alveolar hemorrhage982241---F/49GPA60Nose, eye-1226211602M/60MPA40Skin, PNS-20591---F/39GPA4Nose-31063---M/71GPA24Lung, eye, jointsNodules, ILD152893---F/64MPA24LungILD7564-10030-F/59GPA72LungNodules3384--0-Figure 1.ROC curve and decision tree modelConclusionOur multicentre study demonstrated KL-6 as a reliable, non-invasive and easy-to-perform marker of ILD in AAV patients and its helpfulness for disease activity assessment. Changes in serum concentrations of KL-6 over time could be useful for monitoring AAV patients. Further study of KL-6 as a marker of response to therapy during long-term follow-up would also be worthwhile.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Gutierrez-Ardila MV, Reyes J, Madariaga H, Otero W, Guzman R, Izquierdo J, Abello M, Velez P, Castillo D, Ponce de Leon D, Lukic T, Amador L. Work productivity in rheumatoid arthritis patients from two Latin American countries treated with tofacitinib or biological DMARDs. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2022; 22:787-794. [PMID: 35249439 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2022.2047935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate work productivity of adult Latin American patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with tofacitinib and biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) measured by the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) in RA questionnaire at 0- and 6-month follow-up. METHODS This non-interventional study was performed in Colombia and Peru. Evaluated the effects of tofacitinib and bDMARDs in patients with RA after failure of conventional DMARDs. The WPAI-RA questionnaire was administered at baseline and at the 6-month (±1 month) follow-up. The results are expressed as least squares means (LSMs), and standard errors (SEs). RESULTS One hundred patients treated with tofacitinib and 70 patients treated with bDMARDs were recruited. Twenty-eight percent of patients from the tofacitinib group and 40.0% from the bDMARDs group were working for pay at baseline. At month 6, the changes in absenteeism, presenteeism, and work impairment due to health were -18.3% (SE 7.7), -34.8% (SE 5.9), and -11.0% (SE 16.5), respectively, in the tofacitinib group and -19.4% (SE 8.0), -34.8% (SE 6.2), and -15.9% (SE 15.0), for the bDMARD group. CONCLUSION For patients who reported working, there were improvements in presenteeism, absenteeism, and work impairment due to health in both groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03073109.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - H Madariaga
- Rheumatology, Centro Médico CEEN, Arequipa, Peru
| | - W Otero
- Rheumatology, Centro Servimed, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - R Guzman
- Rheumatology, Centro IDEARG, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - J Izquierdo
- Rheumatology, Clínica del Occidente, Cali, Colombia
| | - M Abello
- Rheumatology, Centro Integral de Reumatología Circaribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - P Velez
- Rheumatology, Centro Médico CIREEM, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D Castillo
- Rheumatology, Clínica del Occidente, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - T Lukic
- Medical department, Pfizer Inc, New York, USA
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Molina-Molina M, Buendia I, Castillo D, Caro F, Valenzuela C, Selman M. Novedades diagnósticas y terapéuticas en fibrosis pulmonar progresiva. Arch Bronconeumol 2022; 58:418-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Lobo Prat D, Castellví I, Castillo D, Orozco S, Mariscal A, Martínez-Martínez L, Millán Arciniegas AM, Moya P, Laiz A, Díaz-Torné C, Magallares B, Fernandez-Sanchez SP, Jeria Navarro S, Sainz Comas L, Codes H, Casademont J, Domingo P, Corominas H. AB0666 PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF SERUM KREBS VON DEN LUNGEN-6 GLYCOPROTEIN CIRCULATING LEVELS IN COVID-19 PNEUMONIA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Currently, there are no biomarkers to predict respiratory worsening in patients with Coronavirus infectious disease, 2019 (COVID- 19) pneumonia.Objectives:We aimed to determine the prognostic value of Krebs von de Lungen-6 circulating serum levels (sKL-6) predicting COVID- 19 evolving trends.Methods:We prospectively analyzed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 375 COVID- 19 patients with mild lung disease on admission. sKL-6 was obtained in all patients at baseline and compared among patients with respiratory worsening.Results:45.1% of patients developed respiratory worsening during hospitalization. Baseline sKL-6 levels were higher in patients who had respiratory worsening (median [IQR] 303 [209-449] vs. 285.5 [15.8-5724], P=0.068). The best sKL-6 cut-off point was 408 U/mL (area under the curve 0.55; 33% sensitivity, 79% specificity). Independent predictors of respiratory worsening were sKL-6 serum levels, age >51 years, time hospitalized, and dyspnea on admission. Patients with baseline sKL-6 ≥ 408 U/mL had a 39% higher risk of developing respiratory aggravation seven days after admission. In patients with serial determinations, sKL-6 was also higher in those who subsequently worsened (median [IQR] 330 [219-460] vs 290.5 [193-396]; p<0.02).Conclusion:sKL-6 has a low sensibility to predict respiratory worsening in patients with mild COVID-19 pneumonia. Baseline sKL-6 ≥ 408 U/mL is associated to a higher risk of respiratory worsening. sKL-6 levels are not useful as a screening tool to stratify patients on admission but further research is needed to investigate if serial determinations of sKL-6 may be of prognostic use.References:[1]Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-62. 5.[2]Tian W, Jiang W, Yao J, Nicholson CJ, Li RH, Sigurslid HH, et al. Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2020.[3]Wang D, Li R, Wang J, Jiang Q, Gao C, Yang J, et al. Correlation analysis between disease severity and clinical and biochemical characteristics of 143 cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):519.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Raya-González J, Castillo D, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Scanlan A. External match loads imposed upon Ultimate Frisbee players: A comparison between playing positions. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Suárez-Calvet X, Alonso-Pérez J, Carrasco-Rozas A, Fernández-Simón E, Piñol-Jurado P, Castellvi I, Zamora C, Martínez-Martínez L, Alonso-Jiménez A, Castillo D, Gallardo E, Illa I, Díaz-Manera J. AUTOIMMUNE MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fayne R, Nanda S, Castillo D, De Bedout V, Sanchez N, Williams N, Ahern E, Shen J, Nichols A. LB1091 A retrospective study of combination field therapy for the prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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De Bedout V, Sanchez N, Fayne R, Castillo D, Nanda S, Paul S, Kirsner R, Nichols A. LB1065 Review of admissions to an inpatient dermatology service in a large, academic hospital setting. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Castillo D, Domínguez-Díez M, Raya-González J. Fatiga ocasionada por diferentes formatos de juegos reducidos en futbolistas jóvenes. RICCAFD 2019. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2019.v8i2.6455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
El principal objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de diferentes formatos de juego reducido (JR) en la carga interna medida mediante el esfuerzo percibido (CI EP) declarado por los futbolistas, y en el rendimiento del salto horizontal (SH) y la capacidad de acelerar y esprintar. Diez futbolistas cadetes (sub-16) participaron en el estudio. Los jugadores disputaron 4 formatos de JR con modificaciones en el espacio de juego y en la duración de las repeticiones. Los participantes realizaron un esprint de 30 m y un SH antes y después de cada repetición y también declararon el EP. Los resultados mostraron una mayor CI EP. Además, se observó un empeoramiento del esprint en 10 y 30 m después de la última repetición. Este conocimiento podría ayudar a los cuerpos técnicos a establecer de manera más apropiada la duración total y de cada repetición de los JRs.
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Castillo D, Nagrani N, Castillo D, Nichols A. LB1536 A case of familial focal dermal hypoplasia: A report of 3 cases in consecutive generations. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Muñoz J, Castillo D, Yanci J. Análisis de la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo diferenciado y de la fatiga en distintos formatos de juegos reducidos en fútbol. Riccafd 2018. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2018.v7i2.5086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Li J, Castillo D, Davis S. 1462 Expression and function of laminin extracellular matrix in wound repair. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Martin-Malo A, Mallol J, Castillo D, Barrio V, Burdiel L, Perez R, Aljama P. Factors Affecting β2-Microglobulin Plasma Concentration during Hemodialysis. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139888901200805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We studied ten patients on hemodialysis (HD) treated in sequence with cuprophan (CU), ethylenevinylalcohol (EVAL), polyacrylonitrile (A-69) and polysulphone (PSP) membrane dialyzers. ß2-microglobulin (ß2m) was measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma and dialysate samples. Plasma concentrations were corrected for changes in extracellular volume (ECV). We also studied adsorption in vitro by incubating the above membranes with I-125-labelled ß2m. There were no changes in ß2m plasma concentration after HD with CU dialyzers, but a significant decrease was observed with the other membranes tested. Filtration of ß2m across the dialyzer was absent with CU and minimal with EVAL. However, large amounts were recovered from dialysate with the high-permeability dialyzers, AN-69 and PSP. In vitro studies showed that maximal adsorption capacity was obtained with AN-69 (73%) compared to 9% with CU, 4% with EVAL and 7% with PSP. In summary, ß2m clearance with PSP is achieved through greater removal of this protein by mass transport across the membrane. The mechanism by which ß2m is removed from blood during AN-69 dialysis seems to include both adsorption to and filtration by the membrane itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Martin-Malo
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - J. Mallol
- Nuclear Medicine, Reina Sofia Regional Hospital, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - D. Castillo
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - V. Barrio
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - L.G. Burdiel
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - R. Perez
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
| | - P. Aljama
- Departments of Nephrology, University of Cordoba - Spain
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Herane-Vives A, de Angel V, Papadopoulos A, Wise T, Chua KC, Strawbridge R, Castillo D, Arnone D, Young AH, Cleare AJ. Short-term and long-term measures of cortisol in saliva and hair in atypical and non-atypical depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2018; 137:216-230. [PMID: 29397570 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical depression may show lowered rather than raised short-term cortisol levels. Atypical major depressive episodes (A-MDE) may also be more closely linked to environmental factors and show overlap with somatic symptom disorders. Hair specimens allow measuring long-term cortisol levels. METHODS Twenty-seven A-MDE and 44 NA-MDE patients and 40 matched controls were tested. Measures of hair cortisol concentration [HCC] covering the previous 3 months and short-term cortisol parameters (six saliva specimens to assess the cortisol awakening response [CAR] and total daily cortisol output calculated as the area under the curve [AUCg]) were taken alongside measures of environmental factors and clinical variables. RESULTS There were no differences in HCC between the three groups (P = 0.8), and no difference in the CAR (P = 0.95). However, A-MDE showed lowered short-term cortisol output (AUCg) compared to controls (P = 0.04). A-MDE patients also reported a higher number of daily hassles, and higher levels of fatigue and impaired concentration than NA-MDE. CONCLUSIONS Normal long-term (HCC) and reduced short-term (AUCg) cortisol levels in A-MDE could suggest a disrupted long-term cortisol rhythm, perhaps affected by environmental factors or by certain symptoms, such as mid-nocturnal insomnia. However, other underlying explanations for these findings should also be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Herane-Vives
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Departamento de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - V de Angel
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Papadopoulos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T Wise
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K-C Chua
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Strawbridge
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Castillo
- Instituto Psiquiátrico José Horwitz Barak, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Arnone
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A J Cleare
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Affective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Rønneseth A, Castillo D, D'Alvise P, Tønnesen Ø, Haugland G, Grotkjaer T, Engell-Sørensen K, Nørremark L, Bergh Ø, Wergeland HI, Gram L. Comparative assessment of Vibrio virulence in marine fish larvae. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1373-1385. [PMID: 28160295 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vibrionaceae infections are a major obstacle for marine larviculture; however, little is known about virulence differences of Vibrio strains. The virulence of Vibrio strains, mostly isolated from vibriosis outbreaks in farmed fish, was tested in larval challenge trials with cod (Gadus morhua), turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) using a multiwell dish assays with single-egg/larvae cultures. The strains differed significantly in virulence as some caused a high mortality of larva reaching 100% mortality after a few days, while others had no or only marginal effects on survival. Some Vibrio strains were pathogenic in all of the larva species, while some caused disease only in one of the species. Twenty-nine of the Vibrio anguillarum strains increased the mortality of larvae from at least one fish species; however, pathogenicity of the strains differed markedly. Other Vibrio species had no or less pronounced effects on larval mortalities. Iron uptake has been related to V. anguillarum virulence; however, the presence or absence of the plasmid pJM1 encoding anguibactin did not correlate with virulence. The genomes of V. anguillarum were compared (D. Castillo, P.W. D'Alvise, M. Middelboe & L. Gram, unpublished data) and most of the high-virulent strains had acquired virulence genes from other pathogenic Vibrio.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rønneseth
- Department for Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - D Castillo
- Marine Biology Section, University of Copenhagen, Helsinore, Denmark
| | - P D'Alvise
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ø Tønnesen
- Department for Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - G Haugland
- Department for Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - T Grotkjaer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ø Bergh
- Institute for Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - H I Wergeland
- Department for Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - L Gram
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Castillo D, Ernst T, Cunningham E, Chang L. Altered Associations between Pain Symptoms and Brain Morphometry in the Pain Matrix of HIV-Seropositive Individuals. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2017; 13:77-89. [PMID: 28866752 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-017-9762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pain remains highly prevalent in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) patients despite their well-suppressed viremia with combined antiretroviral therapy. Investigating brain abnormalities within the pain matrix, and in relation to pain symptoms, in HIV+ participants may provide objective biomarkers and insights regarding their pain symptoms. We used Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) pain questionnaire to evaluate pain symptoms (pain intensity, pain interference and pain behavior), and structural MRI to assess brain morphometry using FreeSurfer (cortical area, cortical thickness and subcortical volumes were evaluated in 12 regions within the pain matrix). Compared to seronegative (SN) controls, HIV+ participants had smaller surface areas in prefrontal pars triangularis (right: p = 0.04, left: p = 0.007) and right anterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.03) and smaller subcortical regions (thalamus: p ≤ 0.003 bilaterally; right putamen: p = 0.01), as well as higher pain scores (pain intensity-p = 0.005; pain interference-p = 0.008; pain-behavior-p = 0.04). Furthermore, higher pain scores were associated with larger cortical areas, thinner cortices and larger subcortical volumes in HIV+ participants; but smaller cortical areas, thicker cortices and smaller subcortical volumes in SN controls (interaction-p = 0.009 to p = 0.04). These group differences in the pain-associated brain abnormalities suggest that HIV+ individuals have abnormal pain responses. Since these abnormal pain-associated brain regions belong to the affective component of the pain matrix, affective symptoms may influence pain perception in HIV+ patients and should be treated along with their physical pain symptoms. Lastly, associations of lower pain scores with better physical or mental health scores, regardless of HIV-serostatus (p < 0.001), suggest adequate pain treatment would lead to better quality of life in all participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborrah Castillo
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Neuroscience and MR Research Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1356 Lusitana Street, 7th Floor, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Thomas Ernst
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Neuroscience and MR Research Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1356 Lusitana Street, 7th Floor, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Eric Cunningham
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Neuroscience and MR Research Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1356 Lusitana Street, 7th Floor, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Neuroscience and MR Research Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1356 Lusitana Street, 7th Floor, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood Street, Suite 225, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Nelson RL, Manuel D, Gumienny C, Spencer B, Patel K, Schmitt K, Castillo D, Bravo A, Yeboah-Sampong A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the treatment of anal fissure. Tech Coloproctol 2017; 21:605-625. [PMID: 28795245 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-017-1664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anal fissure has a very large number of treatment options. The choice is difficult. In an effort to assist in that, choice presented here is a systematic review and meta-analysis of all published treatments for anal fissure that have been studied in randomized controlled trials. METHODS Randomized trials were sought in the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, EMBASE and the trials registry sites clinicaltrials.gov and who/int/ictrp/search/en. Abstracts were screened, full-text studies chosen, and finally eligible studies selected and abstracted. The review was then divided into those studies that compared two or more surgical procedures and those that had at least one arm that was non-surgical. Studies were further categorized by the specific interventions and comparisons. The outcome assessed was treatment failure. Negative effects of treatment assessed were headache and anal incontinence. Risk of bias was assessed for each study, and the strength of the evidence of each comparison was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. RESULTS One hundred and forty-eight eligible trials were found and assessed, 31 in the surgical group and 117 in the non-surgical group. There were 14 different operations described in the surgical group and 29 different non-surgical treatments in the non-surgical group along with partial lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). There were 61 different comparisons. Of these, 47 were reported in 2 or fewer studies, usually with quite small patient samples. The largest single comparison was glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) versus control with 19 studies. GTN was more effective than control in sustained cure (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.63-0.77), but the quality of evidence was very poor because of severe heterogeneity, and risk of bias due to inadequate clinical follow-up. The only comparison to have a GRADE quality of evidence of high was a subgroup analysis of LIS versus any medical therapy (OR 0.12; CI 0.07-0.21). Most of the other studies were downgraded in GRADE due to imprecision. CONCLUSIONS LIS is superior to non-surgical therapies in achieving sustained cure of fissure. Calcium channel blockers were more effective than GTN and with less risk of headache, but with only a low quality of evidence. Anal incontinence, once thought to be a frequent risk with LIS, was found in various subgroups in this review to have a risk between 3.4 and 4.4%. Among the surgical studies, manual anal stretch performed worse than LIS in the treatment of chronic anal fissure in adults. For those patients requiring surgery for anal fissure, open LIS and closed LIS appear to be equally efficacious, with a moderate GRADE quality of evidence. All other GRADE evaluations of procedures were low to very low due mostly to imprecision.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Nelson
- Epidemiology/Biometry Division, University of Illinois School of Public Health, 1603 West Taylor Room 956, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - D Manuel
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Gumienny
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B Spencer
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Patel
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Schmitt
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D Castillo
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Bravo
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Yeboah-Sampong
- Honors College, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Castillo D, Davis S, Li J. 921 Laminin alpha 5 stimulates keratinocyte attachment and migration and wound repair. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chang L, Løhaugen GC, Andres T, Jiang CS, Douet V, Tanizaki N, Walker C, Castillo D, Lim A, Skranes J, Otoshi C, Miller EN, Ernst TM. Adaptive working memory training improved brain function in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. Ann Neurol 2016; 81:17-34. [PMID: 27761943 PMCID: PMC5299494 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an adaptive working memory (WM) training (WMT) program, the corresponding neural correlates, and LMX1A‐rs4657412 polymorphism on the adaptive WMT, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) participants compared to seronegative (SN) controls. Methods A total of 201 of 206 qualified participants completed baseline assessments before randomization to 25 sessions of adaptive WMT or nonadaptive WMT. A total of 74 of 76 (34 HIV, 42 SN) completed adaptive WMT and all 40 completed nonadaptive WMT (20 HIV, 20 SN) and were assessed after 1 month, and 55 adaptive WMT participants were also assessed after 6 months. Nontrained near‐transfer WM tests (Digit‐Span, Spatial‐Span), self‐reported executive functioning, and functional magnetic resonance images during 1‐back and 2‐back tasks were performed at baseline and each follow‐up visit, and LMX1A‐rs4657412 was genotyped in all participants. Results Although HIV participants had slightly lower cognitive performance and start index than SN at baseline, both groups improved on improvement index (>30%; false discovery rate [FDR] corrected p < 0.0008) and nontrained WM tests after adaptive WMT (FDR corrected, p ≤ 0.001), but not after nonadaptive WMT (training by training type corrected, p = 0.01 to p = 0.05) 1 month later. HIV participants (especially LMX1A‐G carriers) also had poorer self‐reported executive functioning than SN, but both groups reported improvements after adaptive WMT (Global: training FDR corrected, p = 0.004), and only HIV participants improved after nonadaptive WMT. HIV participants also had greater frontal activation than SN at baseline, but brain activation decreased in both groups at 1 and 6 months after adaptive WMT (FDR corrected, p < 0.0001), with normalization of brain activation in HIV participants, especially the LMX1A‐AA carriers (LMX1A genotype by HIV status, cluster‐corrected‐p < 0.0001). Interpretation Adaptive WMT, but not nonadaptive WMT, improved WM performance in both SN and HIV participants, and the accompanied decreased or normalized brain activation suggest improved neural efficiency, especially in HIV‐LMX1A‐AA carriers who might have greater dopaminergic reserve. These findings suggest that adaptive WMT may be an effective adjunctive therapy for WM deficits in HIV participants. ANN NEUROL 2017;81:17–34
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chang
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.,The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Gro C Løhaugen
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.,Department of Child Neurology and Rehabilitation (HABU-A), Sørlandet Sykehus HF, HABU, Arendal, Norway, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, MTFS, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tamara Andres
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Caroline S Jiang
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Vanessa Douet
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Naomi Tanizaki
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Christina Walker
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Deborrah Castillo
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Ahnate Lim
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.,Department of Child Neurology and Rehabilitation (HABU-A), Sørlandet Sykehus HF, HABU, Arendal, Norway, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, MTFS, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chad Otoshi
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Eric N Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thomas M Ernst
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
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Rebolé M, Castillo D, Cámara J, Yanci J. Relación entre la capacidad cardiovascular y la capacidad de esprints repetidos en árbitros de fútbol de alto nivel. RICCAFD 2016. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2016.v5i3.6141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Los objetivos de este estudio fueron por un lado, describir el rendimiento en una prueba de rendimiento cardiovascular realizada en laboratorio y en otra de esprints repetidos (RSA) en árbitros de fútbol de alto nivel, y por otro lado, analizar la asociación entre los resultados obtenidos en ambas pruebas. Doce árbitros de fútbol de alto nivel (Divisiones 1ª, 2ª y 2ª B, 28,8±5,1 años, 73,2±6,6 kg, 1,8±0,1 m 22,82±1,38 kg·m-2) participaron en el estudio. Los árbitros obtuvieron un consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2max) de 59,50±4,56ml·kg-1·min-1. El tiempo medio de los esprints repetidos (RSAMedia) en 15 y 30 m fue de 2,54±0,09 s y 4,43±0,14 s, respectivamente, tardando 15,26±0,53 s y 26,60±0,82 s en completar los seis esprints (RSATotal). Los índices de fatiga en 15 y 30 m fueron de 2,25±1,05% y 3,33±1,59% (RSASdec) y de 3,45±2,92% y 6,31±4,63% (RSACambio).Se obtuvieron asociaciones positivas entre distintas variables cardiovasculares y de tiempo en RSA. Por el contrario, el consumo de oxígeno en las intensidades de umbral ventilarorio 1 (VT1) y umbral ventilatorio 2 (VT2) correlacionó negativamente con el índice de fatiga RSASdec.Una mayor capacidad cardiovascular en árbitros de fútbol, a pesar de poder producir un efecto negativo sobre el tiempo empleado en el RSA, puede minimizar la fatiga durante los esprints repetidos.
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Yanci J, Castillo D, Vizcay JJ, Iturricastillo A. Relación entre la capacidad de aceleración, cambio de dirección y salto horizontal en atletas jóvenes. RICCAFD 2016. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2016.v5i2.6143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación existente entre la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta, la capacidad de cambiar de dirección (CODA) y la capacidad de salto horizontal (SH) en jóvenes atletas. En este estudio participaron un total de 264 jóvenes atletas de entre 8 y 16 años (10,2 ± 2,6 años; 37,5 ± 11,7 kg; 1,4 ± 0,1 m, 17,7 ± 2,4 kg·m-2). Se evaluó la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta en los test de 5 y 15 m, la CODA en el test 505 (505) y en el modified agility test (MAT) y la capacidad de SH con contra movimiento (HCMJ) y manos libres (HCMJAS). La asociación entre la capacidad de aceleración en 5 m y los test de CODA (505: r = 0,54, p < 0,01 y MAT: r = 0,62, p < 0,01) o salto horizontal (HCMJ: r = -0,64, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,67, p > 0,05) fue más consistente que la asociación entre la aceleración en 15 m y los test de CODA o SH. La asociación entre el test MAT y el SH (HCMJ: r = -0,73, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,74, p < 0,01) fue mayor que la relación observada entre el 505 y el HCMJ (r = -0,63, p < 0,01) o el HCMJAS (r = -0,61, p < 0,01). El tipo, la duración y la naturaleza de los test de campo utilizados, condicionan las asociaciones observadas entre las distintas habilidades motoras.
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Chang L, Akazawa K, Yamakawa R, Hayama S, Buchthal S, Alicata D, Andres T, Castillo D, Oishi K, Skranes J, Ernst T, Oishi K. Delayed early developmental trajectories of white matter tracts of functional pathways in preterm-born infants: Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging data. Data Brief 2016; 6:1007-15. [PMID: 26958632 PMCID: PMC4763104 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Probabilistic maps of white matter pathways related to motor, somatosensory, auditory, visual, and limbic functions, and major white matter tracts (the corpus callosum, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the middle cerebellar peduncle) were applied to evaluate the developmental trajectories of these tracts, using longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained in term-born and preterm-born healthy infants. Nineteen term-born and 30 preterm-born infants completed MR scans at three time points: Time-point 1, 41.6±2.7 postmenstrual weeks; Time-point 2, 46.0±2.9 postmenstrual weeks; and Time-point 3, 50.8±3.7 postmenstrual weeks. The DTI-derived scalar values (fractional anisotropy, eigenvalues, and radial diffusivity) of the three time points are available in this Data article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kentaro Akazawa
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robyn Yamakawa
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Sara Hayama
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steven Buchthal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Daniel Alicata
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tamara Andres
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Deborrah Castillo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kumiko Oishi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children׳s and Women׳s Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Corresponding author at: The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 208 Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Akazawa K, Chang L, Yamakawa R, Hayama S, Buchthal S, Alicata D, Andres T, Castillo D, Oishi K, Skranes J, Ernst T, Oishi K. Probabilistic maps of the white matter tracts with known associated functions on the neonatal brain atlas: Application to evaluate longitudinal developmental trajectories in term-born and preterm-born infants. Neuroimage 2015; 128:167-179. [PMID: 26712341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely used to investigate the development of the neonatal and infant brain, and deviations related to various diseases or medical conditions like preterm birth. In this study, we created a probabilistic map of fiber pathways with known associated functions, on a published neonatal multimodal atlas. The pathways-of-interest include the superficial white matter (SWM) fibers just beneath the specific cytoarchitectonically defined cortical areas, which were difficult to evaluate with existing DTI analysis methods. The Jülich cytoarchitectonic atlas was applied to define cortical areas related to specific brain functions, and the Dynamic Programming (DP) method was applied to delineate the white matter pathways traversing through the SWM. Probabilistic maps were created for pathways related to motor, somatosensory, auditory, visual, and limbic functions, as well as major white matter tracts, such as the corpus callosum, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the middle cerebellar peduncle, by delineating these structures in eleven healthy term-born neonates. In order to characterize maturation-related changes in diffusivity measures of these pathways, the probabilistic maps were then applied to DTIs of 49 healthy infants who were longitudinally scanned at three time-points, approximately five weeks apart. First, we investigated the normal developmental pattern based on 19 term-born infants. Next, we analyzed 30 preterm-born infants to identify developmental patterns related to preterm birth. Last, we investigated the difference in diffusion measures between these groups to evaluate the effects of preterm birth on the development of these functional pathways. Term-born and preterm-born infants both demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in diffusivity, indicating postnatal maturation in these pathways, with laterality seen in the corticospinal tract and the optic radiation. The comparison between term- and preterm-born infants indicated higher diffusivity in the preterm-born infants than in the term-born infants in three of these pathways: the body of the corpus callosum; the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus; and the pathway connecting the left primary/secondary visual cortices and the motion-sensitive area in the occipitotemporal visual cortex (V5/MT+). Probabilistic maps provided an opportunity to investigate developmental changes of each white matter pathway. Whether alterations in white matter pathways can predict functional outcomes will be further investigated in a follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Akazawa
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Robyn Yamakawa
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Sara Hayama
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Steven Buchthal
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Daniel Alicata
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tamara Andres
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Deborrah Castillo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kumiko Oishi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Rojas C, Hernandez A, Cardenas J, Saez V, Lara S, Troncoso M, Peña C, Gutierrez J, Castillo D. Polysomnographic study in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aljama P, Martin-Malo A, Pérez R, Castillo D, Torres A, Velasco F. Granulocyte adherence changes during hemodialysis. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 46:75-82. [PMID: 4006481 DOI: 10.1159/000410769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Villarreal-Garza C, Weitzel JN, Llacuachaqui M, Sifuentes E, Magallanes-Hoyos MC, Gallardo L, Alvarez-Gómez RM, Herzog J, Castillo D, Royer R, Akbari M, Lara-Medina F, Herrera LA, Mohar A, Narod SA. The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among young Mexican women with triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:389-94. [PMID: 25716084 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Various guidelines recommend that women with triple-negative breast cancer should be tested for BRCA1 mutations, but the prevalence of mutations may vary with ethnic group and with geographic region, and the optimal cutoff age for testing has not been established. We estimated the frequencies of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) mutations among 190 women with triple-negative breast cancer, unselected for family history, diagnosed at age 50 or less at a single hospital in Mexico City. Patients were screened for 115 recurrent BRCA mutations, which have been reported previously in women of Hispanic origin, including a common large rearrangement Mexican founder mutation (BRCA1 ex9-12del). A BRCA mutation was detected in 44 of 190 patients with triple-negative breast cancer (23 %). Forty-three mutations were found in BRCA1 and one mutation was found in BRCA2. Seven different mutations accounted for 39 patients (89 % of the total mutations). The Mexican founder mutation (BRCA1 ex9-12del) was found 18 times and accounted for 41 % of all mutations detected. There is a high prevalence of BRCA1 mutations among young triple-negative breast cancer patients in Mexico. Women with triple-negative breast cancer in Mexico should be screened for mutations in BRCA1.
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Caruso N, Guerisoli M, Luengos Vidal E, Castillo D, Casanave E, Lucherini M. Modelling the ecological niche of an endangered population of Puma concolor: First application of the GNESFA method to an elusive carnivore. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Stashans A, Castillo D. Properties of the silver cyclic amide Ag2(C4H4NO2)2(H2O) crystal from the periodic DFT computations. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476614040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Alegre Sancho J, Narváez J, Castellví I, Herrera S, Molina M, Castillo D, Oller Rodríguez J, De la Morena Barrio I, Robustillo Villarino M, Valls Pascual E, Ybáñez García D, Martínez Ferrer Ά, Vicens Bernabéu E, Vergara Dangond C, Feced Olmos C, Llobet J, Nolla J, Gil Latorre F. FRI0485 Long-Term Efficacy of Rituximab in Systemic Sclerosis. A Spanish Multicentric Analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sanchez B, Vandersteen G, Martin I, Castillo D, Torrego A, Riu PJ, Schoukens J, Bragos R. Minimally invasive in vivo human lung tissue bioimpedance measurements during the bronchoscopy procedure. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2012:130-3. [PMID: 23365849 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6345888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, which include diseases of the lung, pleura, bronchial tree, trachea, upper respiratory tract and of the respiratory muscles and nerves, are a common and important cause of illness and death among the population. Experimental evidences have shown that tissue lesions have different electrical properties compared with normal tissue. Therefore, lung tissues lesions may be differentiated from lung normal tissue by comparing the tissue passive electrical properties. The manuscript reports a feasibility study for minimally invasive in vivo human lung tissue tetrapolar bioimpedance measurements using a catheter during the bronchoscopy procedure based on multisine Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at 10 kHz - 1 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sanchez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electronica, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Londoño J, Romero-Sánchez C, Bautista-Molano W, Segura S, Cortes-Muñoz A, Castillo D, Muñoz D, Bello-Gualtero J, Lafaurie G, Valle-Oñate R. AB0569 Association between periodontal condition with disease duration and activity in colombian patients with spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Castillo D, Higuera G, Villa M, Middelboe M, Dalsgaard I, Madsen L, Espejo RT. Diversity of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and the potential use of its phages for protection against bacterial cold water disease in salmonids. J Fish Dis 2012; 35:193-201. [PMID: 22324343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterium psychrophilum causes rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) and cold water disease (CWD) in salmonid aquaculture. We report characterization of F. psychrophilum strains and their bacteriophages isolated in Chilean salmonid aquaculture. Results suggest that under laboratory conditions phages can decrease mortality of salmonids from infection by their F. psychrophilum host strain. Twelve F. psychrophilum isolates were characterized, with DNA restriction patterns showing low diversity between strains despite their being obtained from different salmonid production sites and from different tissues. We isolated 15 bacteriophages able to infect some of the F. psychrophilum isolates and characterized six of them in detail. DNA genome sizes were close to 50 Kbp and corresponded to the Siphoviridae and Podoviridae families. One isolate, 6H, probably contains lipids as an essential virion component, based on its chloroform sensitivity and low buoyant density in CsCl. Each phage isolate rarely infected F. psychrophilum strains other than the strain used for its enrichment and isolation. Some bacteriophages could decrease mortality from intraperitoneal injection of its host strain when added together with the bacteria in a ratio of 10 plaque-forming units per colony-forming unit. While we recognize the artificial laboratory conditions used for these protection assays, this work is the first to demonstrate that phages might be able protect salmonids from RTFS or CWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castillo
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Murphy B, Hillman C, Castillo D, Vapniarsky N, Rowe J. The presence or absence of the gamma-activated site determines IFN gamma-mediated transcriptional activation in CAEV promoters cloned from the mammary gland and joint synovium of a single CAEV-infected goat. Virus Res 2011; 163:537-45. [PMID: 22178805 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) long terminal repeat promoter was cloned and sequenced from mammary gland and carpal joint synovium isolated from a 15.5 year old, CAEV-infected Toggenburg doe with chronic mastitis and carpal arthritis. A deletion of the CAEV gamma activated site (GAS) was identified in the mammary gland but not the synovial isolate. Subsequent promoter-reporter gene construct experiments indicated that the GAS is necessary for interferon γ-mediated promoter activation. Utilizing a molecular clone of the classic isolate CAEV-CO, these findings were corroborated by a set of GAS mutant promoter-reporter constructs with and without the CAEV GAS. Results of experiments with U937 monocyte cell lines stably transfected with molecular clones of CAEV-CO GAS deletion mutants also indicated the GAS is necessary for IFNγ-mediated promoter activation. The mammary gland CAE viral isolate was propagated in caprine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and was assigned the name CAEV-MA. This is the first report describing two CAE viral isolates cloned from different anatomical locations in the same animal with and without the CAEV GAS, and is the first report detailing cytokine-induced CAEV promoter function in a naturally occurring ΔGAS promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Murphy
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Almagro D, Agramonte O, Castillo D, Zamora Y, Ballester JM. Experience with a single dose of recombinant activated factor VII for the management of mild-to-moderate bleeds in haemophilia. Haemophilia 2011; 17:322-3. [PMID: 21332884 PMCID: PMC3083519 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02403.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractThree low dielectric constant organic polymers are being investigated for possible use in a conventional, subtractive etch, multi-level metal process with PVD Al plugs. Material properties, physical properties, planarization ability and etch chemistries are compared, as well as the possibility of using these materials in a low temperature PVD A1 plug process.
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Townsend PH, Martin SJ, Godschalx J, Romer DR, Smith DW, Castillo D, DeVries R, Buske G, Rondan N, Froelicher S, Marshall J, Shaffer EO, Im JH. Silk Polymer Coating with Low Dielectric Constant and High Thermal Stability for Ulsi Interlayer Dielectric. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA novel polymer has been developed for use as a thin film dielectric in the interconnect structure of high density integrated circuits. The coating is applied to the substrate as an oligomeric solution, SiLK*, using conventional spin coating equipment and produces highly uniform films after curing at 400 °C to 450 °C. The oligomeric solution, with a viscosity of ca. 30 cPs, is readily handled on standard thin film coating equipment. Polymerization does not require a catalyst. There is no water evolved during the polymerization. The resulting polymer network is an aromatic hydrocarbon with an isotropie structure and contains no fluorine.The properties of the cured films are designed to permit integration with current ILD processes. In particular, the rate of weight-loss during isothermal exposures at 450 °C is ca. 0.7 wt.%/hour. The dielectric constant of cured SiLK has been measured at 2.65. The refractive index in both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions is 1.63. The flow characteristics of SiLK lead to broad topographic planarization and permit the filling of gaps at least as narrow as 0.1 μm. The glass transition temperature for the fully cured film is greater than 490 °C. The coefficient of thermal expansivity is 66 ppm/°C below the glass transition temperature. The stress in fully cured films on Si wafers is ca. 60 MPa at room temperature. The fracture toughness measured on thin films is 0.62 MPa m ½. Thin coatings absorb less than 0.25 wt.% water when exposed to 80% relative humidity at room temperature.
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Segoloni G, Bonomini V, Maresca M, Arisi L, Gonzalez-Molina M, Tarantino A, Castillo D, Ortuño J, Carmellini M, Capdevila L, Arias M, Garcia J, Rigotti P. Tacrolimus is highly effective in both dual and triple therapy regimens following renal transplantation. Transpl Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2000.tb02054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of using multiple choice tests in subjects related to the administration and business management. To this end the authors used a multiple-choice test with specific questions to verify the extent of knowledge gained and the confidence and trust in the answers. The analysis made, conducted by tests given out to a group of 200 students, has been implemented in one subject related with investment analysis and has measured the level of knowledge gained and the degree of trust and security in the responses at two different times of the business administration and management course. Measurements were taken into account at different levels of difficulty in the questions asked and the time spent by students to complete the test. Results confirm that students are generally able to obtain more knowledge along the way and get increases in the degree of trust and confidence. It is estimated that improvement in skills learned is viewed favourably by businesses and are important for job placement. Finally, the authors proceed to analyze a multi-choice test using a combination of knowledge and confidence levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Lara
- Open University of Catalonia, Spain
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Guzmán LM, Castillo D, Aguilera SO. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of B cell clonality in Sjögren's syndrome patients: a diagnostic tool of clonal expansion. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161:57-64. [PMID: 20408860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by clonal B cell attack of the exocrine glands and dysregulated expression of B cell-activating factor (BAFF). Based upon the current data of increased rates of lymphoid malignancy, as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is associated with SS, we propose the detection of clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene in those patients as a predictor of malignant clonal expansion. To test our proposal, we examined the IgH clonal rearrangements in SS patients (60) and healthy control subjects (42) having chronic non-specific sialadenitis, to determine the presence of clonal B cells in minor labial salivary glands (MSG) of SS patients. Clonal B cell expansion was assessed by two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays: (i) semi-nested PCR, against sequences encoding framework regions FR3, FR2 and FR1c of the variable chain IgH gene in B cells present in the MSG infiltrate; and (ii) the PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, against the major and minor breakpoint regions of the Bcl-2 oncogene coupled with a variable segment of the IgH to assess the Bcl-2/JH translocation. When FR3, FR2 and FR1c primers were employed, we detected B cell monoclonality in 87% of the SS patients and 19% of the control subjects. The association between inflammation severity of the MSG pattern and the presence of B cell clonality was found to be statistically significant (P<0.01). We concluded that the presence of B cell clonality in MSG can be used as a index of an altered microenvironment favouring the development of lymphoma in SS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Santiago, Chile.
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Odonne G, Bourdy G, Castillo D, Estevez Y, Lancha-Tangoa A, Alban-Castillo J, Deharo E, Rojas R, Stien D, Sauvain M. Ta'ta', Huayani: perception of leishmaniasis and evaluation of medicinal plants used by the Chayahuita in Peru. Part II. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 126:149-58. [PMID: 19631728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY A knowledge attitude and practice study centred on leishmaniasis and its treatment was performed among the Chayahuita, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group living in an endemic area. This study documents traditional Chayahuita plant's use and disease concepts. Also, activity of some medicinal plants used by the Chayahuita is highlighted and discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-three Chayahuita people were interviewed, following a semi-structured questionnaire focussed on disease knowledge and perception, personal attitude and healing practices. Simultaneously, a collection of plants was performed in different ecotopes, in order to make an extensive inventory of the pharmacopoeia. RESULTS For the Chayahuita, cutaneous (CL) and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) are considered as diseases of their own, with specific names, aetiologies, mode of transmission. Regarding CL, Chayahuita people consider that the humid characteristic of the skin ulcer is a discriminative fact orienting the diagnostic forTa'ta' (leishmaniasis). Forty-six different species were designated useful against LC and /or MCL (29 species by means of the questionnaire and 27 species when collecting in different ecotopes). Thirty-seven extracts corresponding to 31 species used medicinally were screened in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes, assessing their viability by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT). Six species displayed a good activity (10 microg/ml<IC50<20 microg/ml): an undetermined hemi-epiphytic Clusiaceae, Cybianthus anthuriophyllus Pipoly (Myrsinaceae), two Piper, Piper sanguineispicum Trel., and Piper loretoanum Trel. (Piperaceae), Desmodium axillare Sw. DC. (Fabaceae), and Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. (Asteraceae). CONCLUSION Perception of leishmaniasis, attitude, treatments and diet prohibitions still largely reflects traditional Chayahuita cosmovision, even if some tentative of bio-medical re-interpretation is arising.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Odonne
- UMR EcoFoG, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane - CNRS, 2091 Route de Baduel - BP792, 97337, Cayenne Cedex, France
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Estevez Y, Castillo D, Pisango MT, Arevalo J, Rojas R, Alban J, Deharo E, Bourdy G, Sauvain M. Evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity of plants used by Peruvian Chayahuita ethnic group. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 114:254-9. [PMID: 17889471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY A total of 27 ethanolic plant extracts from 27 species were screened for leishmanicidal activity in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis. Most of the selected species (19) are traditionally used by the Chayahuitas, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group, to treat skin affections and/or leishmaniasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A colorimetric method based on the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT) was used to measure the viability of Leishmania amazonensis promastigote and amastigote stages. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Only the leaves of two species of the Piperaceae family (Piper hispidum Sw., and Piper strigosum Trel.) showed good leishmanicidal activities (IC(50)<10 microg/ml against amastigotes). Roots of Tabernaemontana sananho Ruiz & Pav. (Apocynaceae), together with bark of Vismia tomentosa Ruiz & Pav. (Clusiaceae), fruits of Solanum straminifolium var straminifolium Jacq. (Solanaceae), and stems of Zamia lindenii Regel ex André (Cycadaceae) showed low activity against amastigote stage (IC(50) around 50 microg/ml). Of those only Tabernaemontana sananho displayed also good activity on promastigotes (IC(50)<10 microg/ml). Results are discussed herein, in relation with the traditional use of the plants and compared with other data from the relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Estevez
- UMR 152 IRD-Université de Toulouse III, Mission IRD, Casilla 18, 1209 Lima 18, Peru
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Castillo D, Arevalo J, Herrera F, Ruiz C, Rojas R, Rengifo E, Vaisberg A, Lock O, Lemesre JL, Gornitzka H, Sauvain M. Spirolactone iridoids might be responsible for the antileishmanial activity of a Peruvian traditional remedy made with Himatanthus sucuuba (Apocynaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 112:410-4. [PMID: 17459622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of seven medicinal plants used specifically against cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Madre de Dios region of Peru were evaluated in vitro against promastigote and axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. One of them showed interesting leishmanicidal activities (IC(50)=5 microg/ml in amastigotes). Bio-guided isolation of the stem bark's ethanol extract of Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Woodson (Apocynaceae) afforded the spirolactone iridoids isoplumericin and plumericin. The latter showed a reduction of macrophage infection similar to that of the reference drug Amphotericin B (IC(50)=0.9 and 1 microM, respectively). These findings validate the traditional use of Himatanthus sucuuba in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (Uta) in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castillo
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Alexander von Humboldt", Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Av. Honorio Delgado 430, SMP, Lima, Peru
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Courtney D, Castillo D, McCormick J, Steinberg J. High Pretest Probability Pulmonary Embolism: Prospective Comparison of the Wells Score vs. Unstructured Physician Estimation. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sharma P, Castillo D, Rosas N, Cabrera A, Gomez E, Toscano A, Lara F, Hernández S, Espinosa G. Synthesis and structures of organoantimony compounds containing intramolecular Sb–N interactions. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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López Cubillana P, Martínez Barba E, Prieto A, Server Pastor G, Sola J, Nicolás JA, García Hernández JA, Gómez G, Martínez Pertusa P, Pérez Albacete M, Bañón V, Valdelvira P, Guardiola A, Castillo D, Cao E, Alonso JD. Oat-cell carcinoma of the prostate. Diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic implications. Urol Int 2002; 67:209-12. [PMID: 11598447 DOI: 10.1159/000050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Any carcinoma of prostatic origin which is not an acinary adenocarcinoma of the prostate is considered to be an atypical carcinoma. One member of this group of atypical prostatic tumors is the oat-cell carcinoma, or small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the prostate. This variety of carcinoma constitutes the histologic basis of <1% of all prostatic neoplasms. METHODS Between 1992 and 1997, four patients were diagnosed with SCC of the prostate at our hospital. In 3 of the 4 cases, the histopathological diagnosis was pure SCC, and in the 4th case there was a component of prostatic adenocarcinoma associated with the SCC. At the time of diagnosis, extracapsular extension of the tumor was present in all 4 cases, with T3 or higher stages in all of them (T(3A)N(0)M(1), T(3A)N(0)M(0), T(3B)N(0)M(1), and T(4)N(0)M(0)). Because of the presence of extracapsular extension, radiotherapy and radical surgery were ruled out for all 4 patients. They were all offered systemic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (1 g/m(2)), doxorubicin (50 mg/m(2)) and vincristine (1.2 mg/m(2)). This therapeutic protocol was carried out in only 2 cases. RESULTS Survival was <1 year in the 3 patients with pure SCC, and the patient with a mixed tumor is alive with detectable disease 9 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This poor vital prognosis in SCC stresses the need for early diagnosis a timely and appropriate therapeutic intervention in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- P López Cubillana
- Service of Urology, Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital, E-30009 Murcia, Spain.
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