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Sachan D, Shukla SK, Bajpai PK, Srivastava DK, Kumar S, Jain PK, Pathak P. Validation of satisfaction questionnaire for services provided in the labour rooms of government health facilities. J Healthc Qual Res 2023; 38:76-83. [PMID: 36163149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Using the assessment of satisfaction of patients of labour room services, the caregiver or policymakers can identify the gaps in the implemented programmes and health policies. This study was aimed to design a valid and reliable satisfaction questionnaire that will help in identifying the aspects of gaps that need improvement. METHODS A facility and community-based observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the district of western Uttar Pradesh (India) between January 2019 and August 2020. Validation of the structured questionnaire with 34 dichotomous questions categorized under five subscales was performed by evaluating its validity and reliability. A total of 380 beneficiaries were selected from 48 government health facilities. RESULTS The calculated Content validity index was calculated to be 9.5 which was adequate as per the guidelines. The reliability analysis of the questionnaire showed that the internal consistency was high with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.710. The variation in Cronbach's alpha on the elimination of any question from the questionnaire ranged from 0.676 to 0.767. The mean patient satisfaction score in the total surveyed population was 24.39±4.684 (total score=34) and there was a greater variation in the satisfaction score of infrastructure when compared with other subscales. CONCLUSION The findings from this study support the reliability and validity of the patient satisfaction questionnaire as it is capable of evaluating the satisfaction in terms of delivery services provided in labour rooms as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sachan
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - S K Shukla
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India.
| | - P K Bajpai
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - P K Jain
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - P Pathak
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
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Venkatesh U, Sharma A, Srivastava DK, Durga R. Health-related quality of life of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients: A study of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 69:347-353. [PMID: 35760485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Much attention has been given to the microbiological aspect, drug treatment, and clinical indicators of MDR-TB, but patients' QOL has remained a neglected area. In this study, we aimed to find the quality of MDRTB on various quality of life domains during the initiation of the MDR Treatment regimen. MATERIALS & METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months at the Drug-Resistance Tuberculosis Management Centre (DR-TB Centre), of a tertiary care centre in the eastern Uttar pradesh, India. Patients with age >18 years diagnosed with MDR-TB (Multidrug resistance TB) were included in the study. The WHO QOL-BREF scale was used to assess the health-related quality of life of patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The institutional ethical review committee approved the study, and consent was taken before the participation of patients. RESULTS A total of 157 patients were included in the study & 45.85% were dissatisfied with their condition. Social domain of WHO QOL-BREF is having the lowest mean score (28.51 ± 15.4) while psychological has high mean values (39.92 ± 6.91). There was a significant difference in the physical health domain with respect to age (p-value 0.001). Similar differences have been seen in the psychological domain regarding patient sex (p-value 0.001), smoking and alcohol within the social domain, and loss of income in the environmental domain. CONCLUSION The mean value of different domains of WHO QOL-BREF is low in MDR-TB patients, with social relation domain being the most affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Venkatesh
- Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Akash Sharma
- University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, UP, India
| | - R Durga
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Sachan N, Srivastava DK, Jain P, Singh SK, Mahima, Shukla SK. Prevalence of complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its association with different risk factors in Urban Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Community Health 2021. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2021.v33i04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background- India is experiencing a rapid health transition, with large and rising burdens of chronic diseases, which were estimated to account for 53% of all deaths in 2005. Earlier estimates projected that the number of deaths attributable to chronic diseases would rise from 3·78 million in 1990 (40·4% of all deaths) to 7·63 million in 2020 (66·7% of all deaths). Aims and Objectives- To find out the prevalence of Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its association with different risk factors in Urban Etawah (U.P.) including tobacco, alcohol, fatty meals and physical activity. Material and Methods- The present study is a community-based study performed among 400 participants using cluster sampling technique in the field practice area of Urban health training centre, Department of Community Medicine, UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah. The participants were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire using Diabetes Complication Index. Results- Among the diabetics, the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral vascular disease (PVD), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), cataract, neuropathy and foot problems were 24%, 24%, 7%, 15.4%, 38%, 26% and 2% respectively. A statistically significant association was seen with fatty meals and complications. Conclusion - All the diabetic complications observed need to be addressed in prevention and control strategies in the study area. Heath screening camps will be organized for the people for awareness.
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Sachan D, Kumar D, Gangwar A, Jain PK, Kumar S, Shukla SK, Srivastava DK, Kharya P, Bajpai PK, Pathak P, Rao TR. Are the labour rooms of primary healthcare facilities capable of providing basic delivery and newborn services? A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3688-3699. [PMID: 34934667 PMCID: PMC8653497 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_282_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to assess the functionality of labour rooms by evaluating the labour room infrastructure with reference to the standard guidelines, the status of the availability of human resources, the availability of essential equipment and consumables in the labour room and by documenting the knowledge of the healthcare provider in terms of labour room practices. The study also explored the facility parameters associated with its delivery load taking the facility as a unit of analysis. Design: A cross-sectional analytical study. Setting: India has realised the importance of improving the quality of care in public health facilities, and steps are being taken to make healthcare more responsive to women's needs. With an increase in the proportion of institutional deliveries in India, the outcome of the delivery process can be improved by optimising the health facility components. Participants: The study was conducted in 52 health facilities and healthcare providers involved in the delivery process in the selected facilities. Results: The infrastructure of the facilities was found to be the best for medical college followed by district hospitals, Community Health Centres (CHCs), Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and subcentres. Similar findings were observed in terms of the availability of equipment and consumables. Lack of healthcare providers was observed as only 20% of the posts for health personnel were fulfilled in CHCs followed by PHCs, subcentres and district hospitals where 43, 50 and 79% of the available vacancies were fulfilled. The level of knowledge of healthcare providers in terms of partograph, active management of the third stage of labour and post-partum haemorrhage ranged as per their designation. The specialists were the most knowledgeable while the Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (AMNs) were the least. All the components of structural capacity, i.e. infrastructure (r2 = 0.377, P value < 0.001), equipment and consumable (r2 = 0.606, P value < 0.001) and knowledge of healthcare providers (r2 = 0.456, P value < 0.001) along with the overall facility score were positively correlated with the average delivery load of the health facility. The results from multivariate linear regression depict significant relation between the delivery load and availability of equipment and consumables (t = 4.015, P < 0.01) and with the knowledge of healthcare providers (t = 2.129, P = 0.039). Conclusions: The higher facilities were better equipped to provide delivery and newborn care. A higher delivery load was found at high-level facilities which can be attributed to better infrastructure, adequate supply of equipment and consumables and availability of trained human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyata Sachan
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhinav Gangwar
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Jain
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandip Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Shukla
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradip Kharya
- Department of Community Medicine, AIIMS, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Pathak
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tamma Raja Rao
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Saxena S, Rani V, Srivastava DK, Bajpai PK, Jain PK, Srivastava K. Prevalence and knowledge of hypertension among students of medical college of central Uttar Pradesh, India. Indian J Community Health 2021. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2021.v33i02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is one of the biggest health challenges, which is continuously increasing among young adults, especially students. The aim of the present study was to find out the prevalence, associated factors and knowledge of hypertension among undergraduate students of a medical college of a rural area in central Uttar Pradesh, India. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the medical college of central Uttar Pradesh, India. Data were collected on socio-demographic and behavioral factors, and anthropometric assessments were carried out using standard equipment and procedures. Results: The present research involved 147 undergraduate medical students with a mean age of 21.9±2.2 years. Knowledge about hypertension was poor, average and good among19.7% (n=29), 76.8% (n=113) and 3.4% (n=5) students, respectively. Mean systolic blood pressure (mean SBP) was 127.07 ± 10.109 mm of Hg with a range 110 to 154mm of Hg, and mean diastolic blood pressure (mean DBP) was 80.5 ± 6.587 mm Hg with a range 68 to 94 mm of Hg. Conclusions: Smoking, alcoholism, non-vegetarian diet, body weight over 60 kgs and waist-hip ratio over 0.9 were recognized as risk factors of hypertension. Hence it needs a powerful surveillance program to find the exact problem.
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Kumari K, Yadav R, Mittra S, Kumar A, Singh J, Bajpai PK, Srivastava DK, Kumar R. Pregnancy Consequences and Vertical Transmission Potential of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Seeking Answers From a Preliminary Observation. J Reprod Infertil 2021; 22:144-147. [PMID: 34041012 PMCID: PMC8143008 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v22i2.5804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - Ramakant Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - Sangh Mittra
- Veerangana Avantibai Mahila Hospital, Lucknow, India
| | - Arushi Kumar
- Researcher, A82, Omex City Shaheed Path, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Jigyasa Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, India
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Mishra RK, Mishra M, Bohra A, Naik S, Pr S, Kumar K, Patil P, Srivastava DK, Singh NP. First report of Fusarium equiseti (Corda) Sacc. causing wilt of Cajanus scarabaeoides, a wild relative of pigeonpea in India. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2735. [PMID: 33761772 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2723-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wild species or crop wild relatives (CWRs) provide a unique opportunity to introduce novel traits and expand the genetic base of the cultivated pigeonpea (Bohra et al. 2010, 2020). Among the wild relatives of pigeonpea, Cajanus scarabaeoides is cross-compatible with cultivated pigeonpea (C. cajan). To identify the resistant sources for use in the pigeonpea breeding, the present study was conducted using 79 wild pigeonpea accessions at ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India during 2016-17 and 2017-18 (Figures 1 a and b). The pigeonpea accessions belonged to three different genera Cajanus, Rhynchosia and Flemingia. During field scouting, seedlings were observed with foliar chlorosis and wilting (Fig. 2a). Infected stem tissue exhibited brown to black discoloration, followed by gradual plant drying, and ultimately plant death (Fig. 2b). Infected plants were collected from the field and pathological examination was performed in the laboratory conditions. Wilted plant parts were surface-disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite for two minutes and 5.0 mm size pieces of stem tissue were transferred to petri-dishes containing 90ml of Fusarium Specific Medium (FSM) (Nash and Snyder 1962) and incubated at 27oC. After 48 hrs of incubation, white to orange aerial mycelial growth was observed (Fig. 2c). The fungus was transferred to fresh FSM and purified by the single-spore technique (Choi et al. 1999). Macroconidia had four to six septa, slightly curved at the apex ranged from 20.0 to 25.0 × 3.0 to 5.5 μm (Fig. 2d). Microconidia were absent. The isolated fungus was putatively identified as belonging to the F. equiseti species complex based on colony morphology and macroconidia characteristics and size (Booth, 1977; Leslie and Summerell 2004). The pathogenicity test was conducted on 15-day old healthy seedlings of wild pigeonpea using 'root dip inoculation' and 'soil inoculation' technique (Haware and Nene 1994). Plant roots were immersed in a conidial suspension (6×106 conidia/ml water as determined by a hemocytometer) for 3-4 minutes (Marley and Hillocks 1996), while the roots of control plant were immersed in sterilized distilled water. A single spore culture of F. equiseti was grown on PDA-containing perti-dishes. Two actively grown mycelia discs (5 mm dia) from the periphery of 7-day old pure culture of F. equiseti were separately inoculated in 500 ml conical flasks containing 100g pigeonpea meal medium. The flasks were incubated at 28±2°C for 10 days. A fungus-soil mixture was prepared by mixing 200 g of inoculums with 2kg of autoclaved sand: soil mixture (3:7). Earthen pots having 15-cm diameter were sterilized by formalin (0.1%). These pots were then filled with fungus-soil mixture. Seeds sterilized with mercuric chloride (1%) were sown in each pot. Seeds sown in uninoculated pots served as control. Five seeds were sown in each pot with three replications. Disease symptoms developed 10 days after inoculation of wild pigeonpea plants in greenhouse. Symptoms were identical to those observed in the field. No symptoms were observed in control. Re-isolating the F. equiseti pathogen from the inoculated wild pigeonpea seedlings corroborated Koch's postulates. Reference cultures of three isolates of F. equiseti were deposited in Indian Type of Culture Collection (ITCC), Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi with the accession numbers ITCC8413, ITCC8414 and ITCC8415. Fungal genomic DNA was extracted through modified CTAB method (Murray and Thompson 1980). The ITS regions 1 and 2, including 5.8S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) region, and part of translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF) were amplified by using the ITS6F (GAAGGTGAAGTCGTAACAGG) and ITS4R (TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC) and tef (F: ATGGGTAAGGAAGACAAGAC; R: GGAAGTACCAGTGAATCATGTT) primers. BLASTn analysis of the sequences generated showed a 98.78% homology with F. equiseti. The sequences were deposited at GenBank (Accession numbers of ITS region: MF351849, MF351850, MF351851, and Tef region: MK259963, MK264345, MK264346). Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS and Tef region sequences revealed that all Fusarium isolates belong to the F. equiseti species complex and other available sequences of Fusarium spp. (Fig. 3). Occurrence of F. equiseti on various plant species is reported worldwide by several researchers (Liang et al. 2011; Ramachandra and Bhatt 2012; Prasad et al. 2017). To the best of our knowledge and based on the literature, this is the first report of wilt disease on wild pigeonpea in India, caused by F. equiseti (Corda) Sacc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Mishra
- ICAR-IIPR, Crop Protection, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India;
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Yadav R, Srivastava DK, Bajpai PK, Kumar R. Systemic review of CNS involvement and its manifestations in SARS-CoV2 positive patients. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:734-739. [PMID: 34020214 PMCID: PMC7986314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus is known to cause various systemic infections both in human and animal which are mostly mild in nature. However, recent years have seen major pandemics caused by coronavirus which are very invasive and virulent in nature. The recent SARS-CoV2 is a new addition to this list of coronavirus pandemics. So the present study was done to systematically review the CNS involvement and its manifestations in SARS-CoV2 positive patients. Systemic review of article published between 1st Dec 2019 to 31st July 2020 searched through web-based database of MEDLINE (Pubmed) and Google scholar using following keywords “COVID -19” OR “CORONAVIRUS” OR “SARS-CoV2” AND “NEUROLOGICAL” OR “CNS” OR “BRAIN”. Using the steps of systemic review eight article were selected for qualitative analysis. Majority of these article were reporting neurological symptoms among patients admitted in different wards along with others general symptoms. None of the study was specifically devoted to study the neurological manifestations and complications in SARS-CoV2 positive patients. The present study concludes that there is a scarcity of good quality research which attempts to establish the role of SARS-CoV2 infection in CNS and its manifestations. However, there are evidences that CNS involvement is present in majority of the patients. Proper documentation of theses involvement and indentification of these into mild, moderate and severe infection will help in early identification and treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakant Yadav
- Department of Neurology, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, UP, India.
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, UP, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Community Medicine, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, UP, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, UP, India
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Mathew DJ, Kumar S, Jain PK, Srivastava DK, Singh V, Krishnappa K. Morbidity Patterns among Menopausal Women in Rural Uttar Pradesh, India: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Menopausal Med 2021; 27:24-31. [PMID: 33942586 PMCID: PMC8102814 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The quality of life declines gradually as women enter menopause, owing to the various problems associated with estrogen deficiency and aging, which adds to their morbidities. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of morbidity among rural menopausal women and compare the morbidity patterns among menopausal transition group and post-menopausal women. Methods This community-based cross-sectional study included menopausal women aged 45–55 years from rural areas of the Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh, India. To select blocks and villages of the district, multistage random sampling was performed. According to a pretested, semistructured schedule, data were collected through interviews. Results A total of 315 women participated in the study. The most frequent complaints among the participants were of feeling tired and worn out (85.1%) and of muscle and joint pains (67.6%). Poor memory (P = 0.046) and diabetes (P = 0.024) were more common in women who were in the menopause transition phase than in those who were in the postmenopausal phase. Conclusions This study showed that majority of the menopausal women suffered from physical problems. Lifestyle modification and awareness programs will be beneficial among women in menopausal transition, to reduce the morbidity later in post-menopausal stage. Behaviour change communication, family and community support are essential in post-menopausal women, to help them cope with various morbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora J Mathew
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India
| | - Sandip Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India.
| | - Pankaj Kumar Jain
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India
| | - Vaibhav Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, India
| | - Kiran Krishnappa
- National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey, ICMR-NIRTH (Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health), Jabalpur, India
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Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to the coronavirus family. The primary target of SARS-CoV-2 is peripheral mucosal cells of respiratory tract. Recent days have seen few cases where virus has affected extrapulmonary organ such as nervous system. Materials and Methods The present study was a narrative review done using techniques of systemic review, that is, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic databases such as PubMed (Medline) and Google Scholar were searched systematically for published article from December 1, 2019 to June 5, 2020. A total of 189 articles were initially selected by the authors. A final list of 17 articles was prepared and following information were extracted from selected studies: study design, main result, and limitations of the study. Results Majority of these article were descriptive studies describing spectrum of signs and symptoms among admitted patients. In majority of these studies, patients have developed symptoms suggestive of neurological involvement. Most common central nervous system symptoms reported were headache, followed by dizziness and confusion. Similarly, the most common peripheral nervous system involvement was loss of taste and smell. Conclusion The present study concludes that there are enough evidences to prove that SARS-CoV-2 infection affects both central and peripheral nervous system. Various mechanisms are proposed to explain the pathophysiology of neurological manifestations in COVID-19-positive patients that needs to be established and verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakant Yadav
- Department of Neurology, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Community Medicine, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kumar S, Mahima, Srivastava DK, Kharya P, Sachan N, Kiran K. Analysis of risk factors contributing to road traffic accidents in a tertiary care hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study. Chin J Traumatol 2020; 23:159-162. [PMID: 32381399 PMCID: PMC7296353 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a public health issue and cost a lot to individuals, families, communities and nations. Trauma care systems in India are at a nascent stage of development. There is gross disparity between trauma services available in various parts of the country. Rural area in India has inefficient services for trauma care, due to the varied topography, financial constraints, and lack of appropriate health infrastructure. The present study is to study the trends of occurrence of RTA cases by month, week and time of accident occurrence as well as to research the types of vehicle involved in accidents and other various risk factors related to them. METHODS During 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017, a hospital-based and cross-sectional study of RTA victims was conducted. The patients were admitted in emergency department of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, when stabilized, they were shifted to the orthopaedics and surgery ward. RESULTS In the study, 654 road accident victims were included, of which the majority were males (77.5%) and the most of them belonged to rural (67%). RTA victims according to the month of occurrence majority were found in January (12.5%) and evening was time of a day with maximum accidents (32.1%). Mortality cases of RTA victims based on type of road user and it shows decreasing trend of mortality of motorcyclists (54.2%) followed by pedestrian (25.1%). CONCLUSION There should be control over people driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol and drivers over-speeding and rash driving on urban roads as well as rural village roads.
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Singh V, Baranwal H, Srivastava DK, Jain PK, Mathew DJ, Saxena S. Utilization of Reproductive and Child Health Services and Client Satisfaction under Different Level of Health Facilities. Indian J Community Health 2020. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: The utilization of any social services, including health services, has never been equitably distributed throughout society. People with access to the facilities are generally found to make greater use of them than people who have neither knowledge nor access to the facilities. Objective: To study the utilization pattern of RCH services, to identify factors influencing the utilization of RCH services in district Etawah and to describe level of client satisfaction about the various RCH services provided by Health Facility. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in two blocks of Etawah i.e., Basrehar and Jaswant Nagar. Purposive sampling method was used and 260 participants were interviewed during the study period i.e., from May 2018 to April 2019.All the antenatal mothers and mothers with child up to 24 months attending OPD of selected health facility were included in the study. Result: Mean age of participants was found to be 24.9 ± 3.6 years. The proportion of previous delivery that was institutional was found to be 71.7% where as 28.3% had previous home delivery. Most common place for institutional delivery was found to be CHC. Conclusion: Utilization of RCH services were found to be not adequate in the study.
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13
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Fernandez-Pineda, Davidoff AM, Lu L, Rao BN, Wilson CL, Srivastava DK, Klosky JL, Metzger ML, Krasin MJ, Ness KK, Pui CH, Robison LL, Hudson MM, Sklar CA, Green DM, Chemaitilly W. Impact of ovarian transposition before pelvic irradiation on ovarian function among long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27232. [PMID: 29750388 PMCID: PMC6105417 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We reviewed the effect of ovarian transposition (OT) on ovarian function among long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treated with pelvic radiotherapy. PROCEDURE Female participants (age 18+ years) with HL in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE) were clinically evaluated for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) 10 or more years after pelvic radiotherapy. Reproductive history including age at menopause and pregnancy/live births was available on all patients. RESULTS Of 127 eligible females with HL, 90 (80%) participated in SJLIFE, including 49 who underwent OT before pelvic radiotherapy. Median age at STLIFE evaluation was 38 years (range 25-60). In a multiple regression adjusted for age at diagnosis, pelvic radiotherapy doses > 1,500 cGy (hazard ratio [HR] = 25.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1-207.3; P = 0.0027) and cumulative cyclophosphamide equivalent doses of alkylating agents > 12,000 mg/m2 (HR = 11.2, 95% CI = 3.4-36.8; P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with POI. There was no significant association between OT and occurrence of POI (HR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.2-1.9; P = 0.41). CONCLUSIONS OT did not appear to modify risk of POI in this historic cohort of long-term survivors of HL treated with gonadotoxic therapy. Modern fertility preservation modalities, such as mature oocyte cryopreservation, should be offered to at-risk patients whenever feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernandez-Pineda
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital,
Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - AM Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital,
Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - L Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - BN Rao
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital,
Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - CL Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - DK Srivastava
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children’s Research
Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - JL Klosky
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children’s Research
Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - ML Metzger
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research
Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - MJ Krasin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children’s
Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - KK Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - CH Pui
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children’s Research
Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - LL Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - MM Hudson
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA),Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children’s
Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - CA Sklar
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,
New York, NY (USA)
| | - DM Green
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
| | - W Chemaitilly
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA),Department of Pediatric Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, St Jude
Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (USA)
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14
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You S, Froberg J, Yu J, Haldar M, Sedigh A, Mallik S, Srivastava DK, Choi Y. Real-time monitoring of conformational transitions of single-molecule histone deacetylase 8 with nanocircuits. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:3307-3310. [PMID: 28261707 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09949a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using single-molecule approaches, we directly observed the dynamic interaction between HDAC8 and various ligands as well as conformational interconversions during the catalytic reaction. Statistical analysis identified key kinetic parameters, demonstrating that the enzymatic activity is highly sensitive to both minor variations in the ligand structures and small synthetic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyong You
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA.
| | - James Froberg
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA.
| | - Junru Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Manas Haldar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Abbas Sedigh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Yongki Choi
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA.
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15
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Kariwala P, Dixit AM, Jain PK, Rani V, Srivastava DK. Assessment of knowledge and skills of nursing staff working in a tertiary care hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Community Health 2018. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2018.v30i01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nurses are the most vital part of the health system. Having adequate knowledge, awareness and desired clinical skills among them can decrease the risk of infection or complications, can shorten the stay of patients in hospital, decrease the morbidity and mortality of patients and decrease the disease burden.Material & Methods- Nursing staff from the wards of a private tertiary care hospital were interviewed for knowledge and observed for skill assessment. Aim & Objective: To assess the knowledge, skills and practices of nursing staff working in a tertiary care hospital. Results: Knowledge of nurses is good regarding routine investigations, universal precautions, work ethics but poor in pharmacovigilance. Nurses are found to be good having skills in patient care, clinical skills but are poor in practice of biomedical waste management and vital monitoring. Nurses are having good communication with patient &doctors but response time on patients’ call is more.Conclusion: Retraining of nursing staff at regular intervals to upgrade their knowledge regarding universal precautions, work ethics, bio medical waste management and improve upon clinical skills should be made mandatory in a hospital setting.
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16
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Venkatesh U, Srivastava DK, Srivastava AK, Tiwari HC. Epidemiological profile of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Gorakhpur Division, Uttar Pradesh, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2018; 7:589-595. [PMID: 30112315 PMCID: PMC6069649 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_99_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a major threat to control of TB worldwide. Adequate information on socioepidemiological factors and their interaction is required for its control. The aim was to study the social and epidemiological profile of MDR-TB patient in Gorakhpur division. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 157 MDR-TB patients from Gorakhpur division admitted at DR-TB Center of a tertiary care center were interviewed during initiation of MDR-TB treatment using structured questionnaire and collected data were described using descriptive statistics. Results: More than 2/3rd of patients were male and the mean age was 32.15 ± 13.19 years. Overcrowding was present in 82.8% of households and ventilation of living room was inadequate in 72.7% of households. About 21.7% had history of contact with TB cases. Two-third of the patients practice unhygienic sputum disposal practices at home and at public places it was more than 90%. More than 60% of patients have the history of irregular treatment in intensive phase and 80% in continuation phase. Nearly 68.8% of patients were resistance to isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R) and 18.5% were resistance to H, R, and S (streptomycin) followed by H, R and E (Ethambutol). Nearly 3.8% of patients were HIV positive and 7% had history of diabetes. 64.3% were under severe thinness category according to the WHO classification. Conclusion: Study point out need of nutritional counseling and support throughout the treatment. Use of incentives, enhancing contact tracing and increasing awareness regarding sputum disposal practices are recommended for effective control.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Venkatesh
- Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - H C Tiwari
- Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Anajafi T, Yu J, Sedigh A, Haldar MK, Muhonen WW, Oberlander S, Wasness H, Froberg J, Molla MS, Katti KS, Choi Y, Shabb JB, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Nuclear Localizing Peptide-Conjugated, Redox-Sensitive Polymersomes for Delivering Curcumin and Doxorubicin to Pancreatic Cancer Microtumors. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1916-1928. [PMID: 28493710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Improving the therapeutic index of anticancer agents is an enormous challenge. Targeting decreases the side effects of the therapeutic agents by delivering the drugs to the intended destination. Nanocarriers containing the nuclear localizing peptide sequences (NLS) translocate to the cell nuclei. However, the nuclear localization peptides are nonselective and cannot distinguish the malignant cells from the healthy counterparts. In this study, we designed a "masked" NLS peptide which is activated only in the presence of overexpressed matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) enzyme in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment. This peptide is conjugated to the surface of redox responsive polymersomes to deliver doxorubicin and curcumin to the pancreatic cancer cell nucleus. We have tested the formulation in both two- and three-dimensional cultures of pancreatic cancer and normal cells. Our studies revealed that the drug-encapsulated polymeric vesicles are significantly more toxic toward the cancer cells (shrinking the spheroids up to 49%) compared to the normal cells (shrinking the spheroids up to 24%). This study can lead to the development of other organelle targeted drug delivery systems for various human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wallace W Muhonen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John B Shabb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota , Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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18
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Yadav R, Srivastava DK, Yadav S, Kumar S, Jain PK, Gupta S. Job satisfaction and Job stress among various employees of tertiary care level hospital in central Uttar Pradesh, India. Indian J Community Health 2017. [DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2017.v29i01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Job satisfaction defined as the end state of feeling, the feeling that is experienced after a task is accomplished. Job stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or need of the worker. Objectives: To study the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress among various employees of tertiary care level hospital and to find the co-relates of job stress and job satisfaction. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study carried out for a period of 2 month among various employees working in Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, a tertiary care level hospital. A total 225 Participants 75 from each medical, paramedical and office staff were selected by purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted using pretested structured questionnaire regarding socio-demographic profile, job satisfaction and job stress. Data was analyzed using chi square test. Result: A total of 225 participants,75 from each medical, paramedical and office staff were interviewed. On doing analysis of questionnaire regarding job satisfaction and job stress it was found that majority believe that their job was well recognized and working in a good institute and were not satisfied with the management and salary and were coping well with their job stress and were having average level of satisfaction. Conclusion: The present study conclude that majority of the participants felt they are well recognized with their job, working in a good institute but not satisfied with the management and salary.
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19
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Fernandez-Pineda I, Hudson MM, Pappo AS, Bishop MW, Klosky JL, Brinkman TM, Srivastava DK, Neel MD, Rao BN, Davidoff AM, Krull KR, Mulrooney DA, Robison LL, Ness KK. Long-term functional outcomes and quality of life in adult survivors of childhood extremity sarcomas: a report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. J Cancer Surviv 2017; 11:1-12. [PMID: 27262580 PMCID: PMC5136514 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared measured physical performance, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and social role attainment between extremity sarcoma survivors and controls, and evaluated associations between disease and treatment exposures, health conditions, and performance measures. METHODS Survivors of extremity sarcoma from the St. Jude Lifetime cohort and controls frequency matched by age-, sex-, and race completed physical performance testing and questionnaires. Survivors with Z-scores on outcome measures ≤ -2.0 SD (compared to controls) were categorized with severe impairment/limitation. RESULTS Among 206 survivors (52.4 % male median age 36 years (range 19-65)), 37 % had low relative lean mass, 9.7 % had an ejection fraction <50 %, 51.5 % had diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide <75 %, 27.7 % had sensory and 25.2 % motor neuropathy, and 78.2 % had musculoskeletal complications. Severe impairments/limitations were present among ≥25 % of survivors on fitness, balance, and physical HRQOL measures, and among ≥15 % on strength and activity of daily living measures. Lower extremity tumor location (OR 8.23, 95 % CI 2.54-26.67, P value 0.0004) and amputation (OR 8.07, 95 % CI 3.06-21.27, P value <0.0001) were associated with poor fitness. Poor fitness was associated with increased odds of scoring <40 on the SF-36 physical component summary (OR 4.83, 95 % CI 1.95-11.99, P value 0.001) and role-physical subscale (OR 3.34, 95 % CI 1.33-8.43, P value 0.01). Survivors and controls had similar rates of marriage, independent living, employment, and college attendance. CONCLUSIONS Extremity sarcoma survivors experience high rates of physical impairment and report lower than expected physical HRQOL. However, they are as likely as peers to be married, live independently, be employed, and attend college. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Follow-up for extremity sarcoma survivors should include assessment of need for further orthopedic care and rehabilitation to address cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Fernandez-Pineda
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - M M Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - A S Pappo
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - M W Bishop
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - J L Klosky
- Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - T M Brinkman
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - M D Neel
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - B N Rao
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - A M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - K R Krull
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - D A Mulrooney
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - L L Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - K K Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 226 Danny Thomas Place, MS133, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
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20
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Ranjan P, Gore M, Selvaraju S, Kushwaha KP, Srivastava DK, Murhekar M. Decline in Japanese encephalitis, Kushinagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 20:1406-7. [PMID: 25062115 PMCID: PMC4111174 DOI: 10.3201/eid2008.131403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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21
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Singh RK, Cho K, Padi SKR, Yu J, Haldar M, Mandal T, Yan C, Cook G, Guo B, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Mechanism of N-Acylthiourea-mediated activation of human histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) at molecular and cellular levels. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6607-19. [PMID: 25605725 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.600627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported previously that an N-acylthiourea derivative (TM-2-51) serves as a potent and isozyme-selective activator for human histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8). To probe the molecular mechanism of the enzyme activation, we performed a detailed account of the steady-state kinetics, thermodynamics, molecular modeling, and cell biology studies. The steady-state kinetic data revealed that TM-2-51 binds to HDAC8 at two sites in a positive cooperative manner. Isothermal titration calorimetric and molecular modeling data conformed to the two-site binding model of the enzyme-activator complex. We evaluated the efficacy of TM-2-51 on SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-C neuroblastoma cells, wherein the HDAC8 expression has been correlated with cellular malignancy. Whereas TM-2-51 selectively induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, it showed no such effects in BE(2)-C cells, and this discriminatory feature appears to be encoded in the p53 genotype of the above cells. Our mechanistic and cellular studies on HDAC8 activation have the potential to provide insight into the development of novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junru Yu
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | | | | | - Changhui Yan
- Computer Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108
| | - Gregory Cook
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - Bin Guo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, and
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22
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Singh RK, Suzuki T, Mandal T, Balsubramanian N, Haldar M, Mueller DJ, Strode JA, Cook G, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Thermodynamics of binding of structurally similar ligands to histone deacetylase 8 sheds light on challenges in the rational design of potent and isozyme-selective inhibitors of the enzyme. Biochemistry 2014; 53:7445-58. [PMID: 25407689 PMCID: PMC4263425 DOI: 10.1021/bi500711x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Among the different histone deacetylase
(HDAC) isozymes, HDAC8
is the most highly malleable enzyme, and it exhibits the potential
to accommodate structurally diverse ligands (albeit with moderate
binding affinities) in its active site pocket. To probe the molecular
basis of this feature, we performed detailed thermodynamic studies
of the binding of structurally similar ligands, which differed with
respect to the “cap”, “linker”, and “metal-binding”
regions of the suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) pharmacophore,
to HDAC8. The experimental data revealed that although the enthalpic
(ΔH°) and entropic (ΔS°) changes for the binding of individual SAHA analogues to HDAC8
were substantially different, their binding free energies (ΔG°) were markedly similar, conforming to a strong enthalpy–entropy
compensation effect. This effect was further observed in the temperature-dependent
thermodynamics of binding of all SAHA analogues to the enzyme. Notably,
in contrast to other metalloenzymes, our isothermal titration calorimetry
experiments (performed in different buffers of varying ionization
enthalpies) suggest that depending on the ligand, its zinc-binding
group may or may not be deprotonated upon the binding to HDAC8. Furthermore,
the heat capacity changes (ΔCp°) associated with the ligand binding
to HDAC8 markedly differed from one SAHA analogue to the other, and
such features could primarily be rationalized in light of the dynamic
flexibility in the enzyme structure in conjunction with the reorganization
of the active site resident water molecules. Arguments are presented
that although the binding thermodynamic features described above would
facilitate identification of weak to moderately tight-binding HDAC8
inhibitors (by a high-throughput and/or virtual screening of libraries
of small molecules), they would pose major challenges for the structure-based
rational design of highly potent and isozyme-selective inhibitors
of human HDAC8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
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23
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Sule NV, Ugrinov A, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Bridging of a substrate between cyclodextrin and an enzyme's active site pocket triggers a unique mode of inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:141-9. [PMID: 25450177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methionyl-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (MetAMC) serves as a substrate for the Escherichia coli methionine aminopeptidase (MetAP) catalyzed reaction, and is routinely used for screening compounds to identify potential antibiotic agents. In pursuit of screening the enzyme's inhibitors, we observed that 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), utilized to solubilize hydrophobic inhibitors, inhibited the catalytic activity of the enzyme, and such inhibition was not solely due to sequestration of the substrate by HP-β-CD. METHODS The mechanistic path for the HP-β-CD mediated inhibition of MetAP was probed by performing a detailed account of steady-state kinetics, ligand binding, X-ray crystallographic, and molecular modeling studies. RESULTS X-ray crystallographic data of the β-cyclodextrin-substrate (β-CD-MetAMC) complex reveal that while the AMC moiety of the substrate is confined within the CD cavity, the methionine moiety protrudes outward. The steady-state kinetic data for inhibition of MetAP by HP-β-CD-MetAMC conform to a model mechanism in which the substrate is "bridged" between HP-β-CD and the enzyme's active-site pocket, forming HP-β-CD-MetAMC-MetAP as the catalytically inactive ternary complex. Molecular modeling shows that the scissile bond of HP-β-CD-bound MetAMC substrate does not reach within the proximity of the enzyme's catalytic metal center, and thus the substrate fails to undergo cleavage. CONCLUSIONS The data presented herein suggests that the bridging of the substrate between the enzyme and HP-β-CD cavities is facilitated by interaction of their surfaces, and the resulting complex inhibits the enzyme activity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Due to its potential interaction with physiological proteins via sequestered substrates, caution must be exercised in HP-β-CD mediated delivery of drugs under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh V Sule
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States.
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States
| | - D K Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States.
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Nahire R, Hossain R, Patel R, Paul S, Meghnani V, Ambre AH, Gange KN, Katti KS, Leclerc E, Srivastava DK, Sarkar K, Mallik S. pH-triggered echogenicity and contents release from liposomes. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:4059-68. [PMID: 25271780 PMCID: PMC4224524 DOI: 10.1021/mp500186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Liposomes are representative lipid
nanoparticles widely used for
delivering anticancer drugs, DNA fragments, or siRNA to cancer cells.
Upon targeting, various internal and external triggers have been used
to increase the rate for contents release from the liposomes. Among
the internal triggers, decreased pH within the cellular lysosomes
has been successfully used to enhance the rate for releasing contents.
However, imparting pH sensitivity to liposomes requires the synthesis
of specialized lipids with structures that are substantially modified
at a reduced pH. Herein, we report an alternative strategy to render
liposomes pH sensitive by encapsulating a precursor which generates
gas bubbles in situ in response to acidic pH. The
disturbance created by the escaping gas bubbles leads to the rapid
release of the encapsulated contents from the liposomes. Atomic force
microscopic studies indicate that the liposomal structure is destroyed
at a reduced pH. The gas bubbles also render the liposomes echogenic,
allowing ultrasound imaging. To demonstrate the applicability of this
strategy, we have successfully targeted doxorubicin-encapsulated liposomes
to the pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells that overexpress the folate
receptor on the surface. In response to the decreased pH in the lysosomes,
the encapsulated anticancer drug is efficiently released. Contents
released from these liposomes are further enhanced by the application
of continuous wave ultrasound (1 MHz), resulting in substantially
reduced viability for the pancreatic cancer cells (14%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nahire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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Gurney JG, Kaste SC, Liu W, Srivastava DK, Chemaitilly W, Ness KK, Lanctot JQ, Ojha RP, Nottage KA, Wilson CL, Li Z, Robison LL, Hudson MM. Bone mineral density among long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1270-6. [PMID: 24585546 PMCID: PMC4300194 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and the degree of recovery or decline, are not well elucidated. PROCEDURE Study subjects (age ≥ 18 years and ≥10 years post-diagnosis) participated in an institutional follow-up protocol and risk-based clinical evaluation based on Children's Oncology Group guidelines. Trabecular volumetric BMD was ascertained using quantitative computed tomography, reported as age- and sex-specific Z-scores. RESULTS At median age 31 years, 5.7% of 845 subjects had a BMD Z-score of ≤-2 and 23.8% had a Z-score of -1 to -2. Cranial radiation dose of ≥24 Gy, but not cumulative methotrexate or prednisone equivalence doses, was associated with a twofold elevated risk of a BMD Z-score of ≤-1. The cranial radiation effect was stronger in females than in males. In a subset of 400 subjects, 67% of those who previously had a BMD Z-score of ≤-2 improved by one or more categories a median of 8.5 years later. CONCLUSIONS Very low BMD was relatively uncommon in this sample of adult survivors of childhood ALL, and BMD Z-scores tended to improve from adolescence to young adulthood. High-dose cranial or craniospinal radiation exposure was the primary predictor of suboptimal BMD in our study. Given that cranial radiation treatment for childhood ALL is used far more sparingly now than in earlier treatment eras, concerns about persistently low BMD among most current childhood ALL patients may be unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Gurney
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
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Mishra A, Patne S, Tiwari R, Srivastava DK, Gour N, Bansal M. A Cross-sectional Study to Find out the Prevalence of Different Types of Domestic Violence in Gwalior City and to Identify the Various Risk and Protective Factors for Domestic Violence. Indian J Community Med 2014; 39:21-5. [PMID: 24695623 PMCID: PMC3968576 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.126348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Violence against women is a universal phenomenon that persists in all communities and in all countries of the world and the perpetrator of that violence is often well-known to the victim. Domestic violence in particular continues to be frighteningly common and well-accepted as “normal” within too many societies. Objectives: (1) The primary aim of this study is to find out the extent of different type of domestic violence and to identify various risk factors for domestic violence against married women. (2) The secondary aim is to identify the various protective factors of domestic violence against married women. Materials and Methods: The present study was a population based cross-sectional study carried out in the urban area of Gwalior city for a period of one year. Stratified random sampling technique was used for the selection of the samples. The study participants were interviewed using a pretested semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. Proportion, Pearson's, chi-square test and odds ratio were calculated for the analysis of the study. Result: Of the 144 study participants, 68 participants reported some form of domestic violence, which was either physical, sexual or emotional. The most common type of violence reported was physical violence. The most important risk factor for domestic violence was alcoholism followed by literacy status. Majority of the abused women were dependent on their husbands for money, material assets and expenditure. Conclusion: The study hereby recommends that to prevent domestic violence government has to take stringent action for making women more self-reliant especially by making the women more literate and more financially independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Mishra
- Department of Community Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sk Patne
- Department of Community Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjana Tiwari
- Department of Community Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Gour
- Department of Community Medicine, Guru Gobind Singh Medcial College, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Manoj Bansal
- Department of Community Medicine, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Ranjan P, Gore M, Selvaraju S, Kushwaha KP, Srivastava DK, Murhekar M. Changes in acute encephalitis syndrome incidence after introduction of Japanese encephalitis vaccine in a region of India. J Infect 2014; 69:200-2. [PMID: 24657663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Ranjan
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Milind Gore
- National Institute of Virology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Field Unit, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Sriram Selvaraju
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Manoj Murhekar
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
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Srinivasan A, McLaughlin L, Wang C, Srivastava DK, Shook DR, Leung W, Hayden RT. Early infections after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents: the St. Jude experience. Transpl Infect Dis 2013; 16:90-7. [PMID: 24256514 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) over the past 20 years may have had an impact on the morbidity and mortality associated with infections post transplant. PATIENTS AND METHODS We sought to retrospectively analyze the epidemiology of the first episode of bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic infections 0-30 days post transplant in a cohort of 320 children and adolescents who underwent autologous HSCT in a single institution, between 1990 and 2009 for solid tumors or lymphoma, and in 65 children transplanted for acute leukemia during the same period. RESULTS Infections occurred in 66 (21%) patients with solid tumors or lymphoma. Bacterial infections occurred in 33 (10%) including bacteremia in 23 (7%), and viral infections in 34 (11%) patients. Gram-positive bacterial infections were more prevalent than gram-negative bacterial infections (P = 0.03). Infections caused by fungal or parasitic pathogens were uncommon. The decade when transplant was performed (1990-1999 vs. 2000-2009) had no impact on the incidence of bacterial (P = 0.41) or viral (P = 0.47) infection. Between 1990 and 1999, a total of 60 (92%) children were transplanted for leukemia, and 5 (8%) in the 2000-2009 period (P < 0.0001). Infections occurred in 32 (49%) patients. Bacterial (P = 0.004), candidal (P = 0.003), and herpes simplex viral (P = 0.03) infections were more common in patients transplanted for leukemia. In patients transplanted for leukemia, 3 deaths occurred attributed to infection, all before 2000. CONCLUSION Changes in epidemiology of infection are likely a result of decline in autologous transplantation for childhood leukemia in the recent era. Autologous transplantation for solid tumors or lymphoma was not associated with mortality from early infections at our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Srinivasan
- Departments of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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29
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Singh RK, Lall N, Leedahl TS, McGillivray A, Mandal T, Haldar M, Mallik S, Cook G, Srivastava DK. Kinetic and thermodynamic rationale for suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid being a preferential human histone deacetylase 8 inhibitor as compared to the structurally similar ligand, trichostatin a. Biochemistry 2013; 52:8139-49. [PMID: 24079912 DOI: 10.1021/bi400740x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Of the different hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma. Interestingly, a structurally similar inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), which has a higher in vitro inhibitory potency against HDAC8, reportedly shows poor efficacy in clinical settings. To gain molecular insight into this discriminatory feature, we performed transient kinetic and isothermal titration calorimetric studies for the interaction of SAHA and TSA with the recombinant form of human HDAC8. The transient kinetic data revealed that the binding of both inhibitors to the enzyme showed biphasic profiles, which represented an initial encounter of the enzyme with the inhibitor followed by the isomerization of the transient enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The temperature-dependent transient kinetic studies with these inhibitors revealed that the bimolecular process is primarily dominated by favorable enthalpic changes, as opposed to the isomerization step, which is solely contributed by entropic changes. The standard binding enthalpy (ΔH°) of SAHA, deduced from the transient kinetic as well as the isothermal titration calorimetric experiments, was 2-3 kcal/mol higher than that of TSA. The experimental data presented herein suggest that SAHA serves as a preferential (target-specific and -selective) HDAC8 inhibitor as compared to TSA. Arguments that the detailed kinetic and thermodynamic studies may guide the rational design of HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
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30
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Nyren-Erickson EK, Jones JM, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-12 (ADAM12): function, roles in disease progression, and clinical implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4445-55. [PMID: 23680494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-12 (ADAM12) is a member of the greater ADAM family of enzymes: these are multifunctional, generally membrane-bound, zinc proteases for which there are forty genes known (21 of these appearing in humans). ADAM12 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancers, liver fibrogenesis, hypertension, and asthma, and its elevation or decrease in human serum has been linked to these and other physiological/pathological conditions. SCOPE In this review, we begin with a brief overview of the ADAM family of enzymes and protein structure. We then discuss the role of ADAM12 in the progression and/or diagnosis of various disease conditions, and we will conclude with an exploration of currently known natural and synthetic inhibitors. MAJOR CONCLUSION ADAM12 has potential to emerge as a successful drug target, although targeting the metalloproteinase domain with any specificity will be difficult to achieve due to structural similarity between the members of the ADAM and MMP family of enzymes. Overall, more research is required to establish ADAM12 being as a highly desirable biomarker and drug target of different diseases, and their selective inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Given the appearance of elevated levels of ADAM12 in various diseases, particularly breast cancer, our understanding of this enzyme both as a biomarker and a potential drug target could help make significant inroads into both early diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Nyren-Erickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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31
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Pappo AS, Armstrong GT, Liu W, Srivastava DK, McDonald A, Leisenring WM, Hammond S, Stovall M, Neglia JP, Robison LL. Melanoma as a subsequent neoplasm in adult survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:461-6. [PMID: 22887858 PMCID: PMC3538914 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors have a sixfold increased risk of developing subsequent neoplasms when compared to the general population. We sought to describe the occurrence of melanoma as a subsequent neoplasm among adult survivors of childhood cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Among 14,358 5-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1970 and 1986, we calculated the cumulative incidence, standardized incidence ratio (SIR), and absolute excess risk (AER) of subsequent melanoma. Potential risk factors were assessed using a cause-specific hazards model. RESULTS Fifty-seven melanomas (46 invasive, 2 ocular, and 9 in situ) occurred in 51 survivors. The median time to the development of melanoma was 21.0 years (range: 5.6-35.4 years) and the median age at melanoma was 32.3 years (range: 10.9-49.0 years). Initial cancer diagnoses included soft tissue and bone sarcoma (n = 15), leukemia (13), lymphoma (14), central nervous system malignancy (5), Wilms tumor (3), and neuroblastoma (1). The cumulative incidence of first subsequent melanoma at 35 years from initial cancer diagnosis was 0.55% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37-0.73]. The SIR of subsequent invasive malignant melanoma of the skin was 2.42 (95% CI: 1.77-3.23), and the AER was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.05-0.15) per 1,000 person-years. No statistically significant associations were found between melanoma risk and family history of cancer, demographic, or treatment-related factors. CONCLUSION Survivors of childhood cancer have an approximate 2.5-fold increased risk of melanoma. Early screening and prevention strategies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- AS Pappo
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - GT Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - W Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - DK Srivastava
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - WM Leisenring
- Cancer Prevention and Clinical Statistics Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - S Hammond
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - M Stovall
- Department of Radiation Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - JP Neglia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - LL Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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Nahire R, Haldar MK, Paul S, Mergoum A, Ambre AH, Katti KS, Gange KN, Srivastava DK, Sarkar K, Mallik S. Polymer-coated echogenic lipid nanoparticles with dual release triggers. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:841-53. [PMID: 23394107 DOI: 10.1021/bm301894z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although lipid nanoparticles are promising drug delivery vehicles, passive release of encapsulated contents at the target site is often slow. Herein, we report contents release from targeted, polymer-coated, echogenic lipid nanoparticles in the cell cytoplasm by redox trigger and simultaneously enhanced by diagnostic frequency ultrasound. The lipid nanoparticles were polymerized on the external leaflet using a disulfide cross-linker. In the presence of cytosolic concentrations of glutathione, the lipid nanoparticles released 76% of encapsulated contents. Plasma concentrations of glutathione failed to release the encapsulated contents. Application of 3 MHz ultrasound for 2 min simultaneously with the reducing agent enhanced the release to 96%. Folic acid conjugated, doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles showed enhanced uptake and higher cytotoxicity in cancer cells overexpressing the folate receptor (compared to the control). With further developments, these lipid nanoparticles have the potential to be used as multimodal nanocarriers for simultaneous targeted drug delivery and ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nahire
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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33
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Nahire R, Paul S, Scott MD, Singh RK, Muhonen WW, Shabb J, Gange KN, Srivastava DK, Sarkar K, Mallik S. Ultrasound enhanced matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggered release of contents from echogenic liposomes. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2554-64. [PMID: 22849291 DOI: 10.1021/mp300165s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is overexpressed in atherosclerotic plaques and in metastatic cancers. The enzyme is responsible for rupture of the plaques and for the invasion and metastasis of a large number of cancers. The ability of ultrasonic excitation to induce thermal and mechanical effects has been used to release drugs from different carriers. However, the majority of these studies were performed with low frequency ultrasound (LFUS) at kilohertz frequencies. Clinical usage of LFUS excitations will be limited due to harmful biological effects. Herein, we report our results on the release of encapsulated contents from substrate lipopeptide incorporated echogenic liposomes triggered by recombinant human MMP-9. The contents release was further enhanced by the application of diagnostic frequency (3 MHz) ultrasound. The echogenic liposomes were successfully imaged employing a medical ultrasound transducer (4-15 MHz). The conditioned cell culture media from cancer cells (secreting MMP-9) released the encapsulated dye from the liposomes (30-50%), and this release is also increased (50-80%) by applying diagnostic frequency ultrasound (3 MHz) for 3 min. With further developments, these liposomes have the potential to serve as multimodal carriers for triggered release and simultaneous ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nahire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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Singh E, Seth S, Rani V, Srivastava DK. Awareness of cervical cancer screening among nursing staff in a tertiary institution of rural India. J Gynecol Oncol 2012; 23:141-6. [PMID: 22808355 PMCID: PMC3395008 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2012.23.3.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the baseline information about the knowledge of cervical cancer and explore attitude and practice of Pap smear screening among staff nurses. Methods A pretested structured self administered questionnaire based survey was done on 205 staff nurses working in Rural Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Saifai, Etawah, containing mostly recognition and some recall type questions about demographics, knowledge about cervical cancer, its risk factors, screening techniques, attitudes towards cervical cancer screening and its practices. Results In this study, 74% knew that Pap smear is used for detection of cervical cancer, but only 59% knew that it can detect both cancerous as well as precancerous lesions of the cervix. Only 18% of the respondents knew about human papillomavirus vaccine. A 47% of respondents had never taken a Pap smear; 63% never referred patients for the screening. Most nurses (79%) thought that a speculum examination and Pap smear are procedures to be performed by the doctors. Among all the respondents, only 11% had ever undergone a Pap smear on themselves. Conclusion Despite knowledge of the gravity of cervical cancer and prevention by screening, attitudes and practices towards screening were negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Uttar Pradesh Rural Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Etawah, India
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35
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Kasow KA, Stewart CF, Barfield RC, Wright NL, Li C, Srivastava DK, Leung W, Horwitz EM, Bowman LC, Handgretinger R, Hale GA. A phase I/II study of CY and topotecan in patients with high-risk malignancies undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation: the St Jude long-term follow-up. Bone Marrow Transplant 2012; 47:1448-54. [PMID: 22426752 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2012.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-eight consecutive children with high-risk malignancies were treated with CY, and targeted topotecan followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) in a phase I/II Institutional Review Board-approved study. Twelve participants enrolled in phase I; 5 received dose level 1 of topotecan 3 mg/m(2) per day, with subsequent doses targeted to total systemic exposure of 100±20 ng h/mL and CY 750 mg/m(2) per day. Seven participants received dose level 2. CY dose escalation to 1 g/m(2) per day was considered excessively toxic; one died from irreversible veno-occlusive disease and two experienced reversible hepatotoxicity. These adverse events halted further dose escalation. A total of 46 participants were enrolled in phase II; results are on the 51 participants who received therapy at dose level 1, the maximum tolerated dose. Diagnoses included neuroblastoma (26), sarcoma (9), lymphoma (8), brain tumors (5), Wilms (2) and retinoblastoma (1). Twenty participants (39.3%) were in CR1 at enrollment; median age was 5.1 years. Most common non-hematological grade III-IV toxicity was gastrointestinal (n=37). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred at a median of 15 and 24 days, respectively. Twenty-six (51%) participants remain alive at a median of 6.4 years after AHCT. CY 3.75 g/m(2), and targeted topotecan followed by AHCT are feasible and produce acceptable toxicity in children with high-risk malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Kasow
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7236, USA.
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Srivastava DK, Mishra A, Mishra S, Chouksey M, Jain P, Gour N, Bansal M. A comparative assessment of KAP regarding tuberculosis and RNTCP among government and private practitioners in District Gwalior, India: an operational research. Indian J Tuberc 2011; 58:168-177. [PMID: 22533166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. However, still practitioners are unaware of various facts associated with it. OBJECTIVES (1) To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices adopted by practitioners of both government and private sectors in diagnosis and management of TB patients. (2) To assess the views of practitioners in strengthening the RNTCP programme. METHODOLOGY 200 allopathic practitioners from both government and private sectors providing their services in Gwalior District were interviewed using pre-designed pre-tested structured questionnaire. RESULTS The mean score of knowledge related to tuberculosis and RNTCP was higher among government practitioners (9.8) compared to private practitioners (6.1). All practitioners were having positive attitude towards regular up gradation of knowledge while statistically significant differences were noted on issues related to management of TB patients as per RNTCP guidelines. X-ray was the most preferred modality for diagnosis and follow up among private practitioners compared to sputum examination among government practitioners. Referral of poor and serious patients was also very low among private practitioners. CONCLUSION The present study hereby concludes that there is a large gap in Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on TB and RNTCP among the practitioners of both the sectors. There is an urgent need for upgrading the knowledge on various issues and regular Continuing Medical Education (CME) involving various professional bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh.
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Singh RK, Mandal T, Balsubramanian N, Viaene T, Leedahl T, Sule N, Cook G, Srivastava DK. Histone deacetylase activators: N-acetylthioureas serve as highly potent and isozyme selective activators for human histone deacetylase-8 on a fluorescent substrate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5920-3. [PMID: 21865040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We report, for the first time, that certain N-acetylthiourea derivatives serve as highly potent and isozyme selective activators for the recombinant form of human histone deacetylase-8 in the assay system containing Fluor-de-Lys as a fluorescent substrate. The experimental data reveals that such activating feature is manifested via decrease in the K(m) value of the enzyme's substrate and increase in the catalytic turnover rate of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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38
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Dutta R, Scott MD, Haldar MK, Ganguly B, Srivastava DK, Friesner DL, Mallik S. Fluorescent water soluble polymers for isozyme-selective interactions with matrix metalloproteinase-9. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2007-10. [PMID: 21367603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are overexpressed in various pathological conditions, including cancers. Although these isozymes have similar active sites, the patterns of exposed amino acids on their surfaces are different. Herein, we report the synthesis and molecular interactions of two water soluble, fluorescent polymers which demonstrate selective interactions with MMP-9 compared to MMP-7 and -10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
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Singh RK, Mandal T, Balasubramanian N, Cook G, Srivastava DK. Coumarin-suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid as a fluorescent probe for determining binding affinities and off-rates of histone deacetylase inhibitors. Anal Biochem 2010; 408:309-15. [PMID: 20816742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are intimately involved in epigenetic regulation and, thus, are one of the key therapeutic targets for cancer, and two HDAC inhibitors, namely suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and romidepsin, have been recently approved for cancer treatment. Because the screening and detailed characterization of HDAC inhibitors has been time-consuming, we synthesized coumarin-SAHA (c-SAHA) as a fluorescent probe for determining the binding affinities (K(d)) and the dissociation off-rates (k(off)) of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The determination of the above parameters relies on the changes in the fluorescence emission intensity (λ(ex)=325 nm, λ(em)=400 nm) of c-SAHA due to its competitive binding against other HDAC inhibitors, and such determination neither requires employment of polarization accessories nor is dependent on the fluorescence energy transfer from the enzyme's tryptophan residues to the probe. Our highly sensitive and robust analytical protocol presented here is applicable to most of the HDAC isozymes, and it can be easily adopted in a high-throughput mode for screening the HDAC inhibitors as well as for quantitatively determining their K(d) and k(off) values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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40
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Banerjee J, Hanson AJ, Nyren-Erickson EK, Ganguli B, Wagh A, Muhonen WW, Law B, Shabb JB, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Liposome-mediated amplified detection of cell-secreted matrix metalloproteinase-9. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3209-11. [PMID: 20424776 DOI: 10.1039/b926554f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A liposome-based amplified detection system is presented for the cancer cell secreted pathogenic enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 which does not require the use of biological antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA
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41
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Berg AK, Yu Q, Qian SY, Haldar MK, Srivastava DK. Solvent-assisted slow conversion of a dithiazole derivative produces a competitive inhibitor of peptide deformylase. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009; 1804:704-13. [PMID: 19922819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to its potential as an antibiotic target, E. coli peptide deformylase (PDF(Ec)) serves as a model enzyme system for inhibitor design. While investigating the structural-functional and inhibitory features of this enzyme, we unexpectedly discovered that 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AMT) served as a slow-binding inhibitor of PDF(Ec) when the above compound was dissolved only in dimethylformamide (DMF), but not in any other solvent, and allowed to age. The time dependent inhibitory potency of the DMF-dissolved AMT was correlated with the broadening of the inhibitor's 295 nm spectral band toward the visible region, concomitant with the increase in the mass of the parent compound by about 2-fold. These data led to the suggestion that DMF facilitated the slow dimerization of AMT (via the formation of a disulfide bond), and that the dimeric form of AMT served as an inhibitor for PDF(Ec). The latter is not caused by the simple oxidation of sulfhydryl groups by oxidizing agents such as H(2)O(2). Newly synthesized dimeric/dithiolated form of AMT ("bis-AMT") exhibited similar spectral and inhibitory features as given by the parent compound when incubated with DMF. The computer graphic modeling data revealed that bis-AMT could be reliably accommodated within the active site pocket of PDF(Ec), and the above enzyme-ligand interaction involves coordination with the enzyme resident Ni(2+) cofactor. The mechanism of the DMF-assisted activation of AMT (generating bis-AMT), the overall microscopic pathway for the slow-binding inhibition of PDF(Ec) by bis-AMT, and the potential of bis-AMT to serve as a new class of antibiotic agent are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Berg
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
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42
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Banerjee J, Hanson AJ, Gadam B, Elegbede AI, Tobwala S, Ganguly B, Wagh AV, Muhonen WW, Law B, Shabb JB, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Release of liposomal contents by cell-secreted matrix metalloproteinase-9. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1332-9. [PMID: 19601658 DOI: 10.1021/bc9000646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes have been widely used as a drug delivery vehicle, and currently, more than 10 liposomal formulations are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use. However, upon targeting, the release of the liposome-encapsulated contents is usually slow. We have recently demonstrated that contents from appropriately formulated liposomes can be rapidly released by the cancer-associated enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Herein, we report our detailed studies to optimize the liposomal formulations. By properly selecting the lipopeptide, the major lipid component, and their relative amounts, we demonstrate that the contents are rapidly released in the presence of cancer-associated levels of recombinant human MMP-9. We observed that the degree of lipid mismatch between the lipopepides and the major lipid component profoundly affects the release profiles from the liposomes. By utilizing the optimized liposomal formulations, we also demonstrate that cancer cells (HT-29) which secrete low levels of MMP-9 failed to release a significant amount of the liposomal contents. Metastatic cancer cells (MCF7) secreting high levels of the enzyme rapidly release the encapsulated contents from the liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
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Srivastava DK, Prakash S, Adhish V, Nair KS, Gupta S, Nandan D. A study of interface of ASHA with the community and the service providers in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Public Health 2009; 53:133-136. [PMID: 20108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the functioning of ASHA in the community with special focus on interface with community and service providers in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in two blocks each in Gorakhpur and Maharajganj districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh during October-December 2008. A multi stage sampling design was used. The study subjects included 120 mothers, 60 ASHAs, 20 AWWs, 20 ANMs, 4 Medical Officers in charge, 2 Chief Medical Officers (CMOs) and PRI members. Data was collected through pre-designed and pre-tested structured interview schedules and through checklists for FGDs. RESULTS Most (95%) of the ASHAs were 8th Pass or above. The residential status and marital status was as per guidelines. Induction training was received by all. Major motivating factor for ASHAs were either money (81.66%) or getting a government job (66.66%). Most of the ASHAs (86.66%) got the support from their supervisors in solving their problem and majority of them (95%) were satisfied with their supervisors. All the ASHAs have been accepted very well in the community and are acting a good link between community and health providers. The faith and confidence of community on ASHAs are reflected by the demand of additional jobs like help in getting widow pension and ration card etc. CONCLUSION Though accepted by the community, ASHAs need regular training, support and cooperation from other functionaries.
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Chen X, Knowles J, Barfield RC, Kasow KA, Madden R, Woodard P, Srivastava DK, Horwitz EM, Handgretinger R, Hale GA. A novel approach for quantification of KIR expression in healthy donors and pediatric recipients of hematopoietic SCTs. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 43:525-32. [PMID: 19029967 PMCID: PMC2810161 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2008.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) expression repertoire may offer valuable information for hematopoietic SCT (HSCT). We designed a quantitative KIR RNAtype assay and used it to determine KIR gene expression in healthy donors and patients before HSCT. The specificity of the assay was ensured by specific primers and by electrophoretic distinction of PCR products of unique length. In 87 healthy donors, the KIR repertoire was broadly distributed (32 categories of profiles). There was an overall trend toward inverse correlation of KIR expression level and donor age. Age affected mainly the activating KIR families. Leukemia patients showed lower KIR expression before transplantation than healthy donors. Stem cell mobilization caused a transient increase of KIR expression. We conclude that KIR expression differs quantitatively with age and primary disease and is transiently altered by stem cell recruitment and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Oncology, Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA
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45
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Berg AK, Srivastava DK. Delineation of alternative conformational states in Escherichia coli peptide deformylase via thermodynamic studies for the binding of actinonin. Biochemistry 2009; 48:1584-94. [PMID: 19191548 DOI: 10.1021/bi8019542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the binding of a naturally occurring antibiotic, actinonin, to the Ni(2+)-reconstituted recombinant form of Escherichia coli peptide deformylase (PDF(Ec)) via isothermal titration microcalorimetry. The binding data conformed to both exothermic and endothermic phases with magnitudes of DeltaG degrees , DeltaH degrees , and TDeltaS degrees being equal to -12, -2.7, and 9.3 kcal/mol and -8.7, 3.9, and 12.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Evidently, although both phases are dominated by favorable entropic changes, the exothermic phase has about 6.7 kcal/mol enthalpic advantage over the endothermic phase. We observed that the removal of bound Ni(2+) from PDF(Ec) abolished the exothermic phase without affecting the endothermic phase, but it was regained upon addition of Zn(2+). In conjunction with metal analysis data, we propose that the recombinant form of PDF(Ec) is expressed in two stable conformational states that yield markedly distinct ITC profiles (i.e., exothermic versus endothermic) upon interaction with actinonin. The existence of two conformational states of PDF(Ec) is further supported by the observation of two distinct and independent transitions during the thermal unfolding of the enzyme. In addition, the thermodynamic data reveal that the formation of the PDF(Ec)-actinonin complex results in the transfer of one H(+) from the enzyme phase to the bulk solvent at pH 6.3. Both exothermic and endothermic phases produce highly negative DeltaC(p) degrees values, but there is no apparent enthalpy-entropy compensation effect upon formation of the PDF(Ec)-actinonin complex. In view of the known structural features of the enzyme, arguments are presented that the alternative conformational states of PDF(Ec) are modulated by the metal ligation at the enzyme site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Berg
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA
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46
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Ganguly B, Srivastava DK. Influence of "Flexible" versus "Rigid" Nanoparticles on the Stability of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2008; 4:457-462. [PMID: 19956790 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2008.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is invariably expressed in a variety of cancer cells, and exhibits the potentials to interact with differently charged macromolecular surfaces 1. To ascertain whether the nature of the charge carrying surfaces influences the stability as well as catalytic properties of the enzyme, we compared the effects of differently charged lipid (representative of "flexible") and gold ("rigid") nanoparticles. The experimental data revealed that the catalytic activity of MMP-7 is impaired only by the positively charged lipid nanoparticles, and it remains unaffected by their negatively charged or neutral counterparts. On the other hand, both positively and negatively charged gold nanoparticles impair the enzyme activity with nearly equal potency; no significant influence of neutral gold nanoparticles was noted on the enzyme activity. Unlike lipid nanoparticles, the charged gold nanoparticles mediated effects were found to be manifested partially via the inactivation of the enzyme. Arguments are presented that both the "rigidity" as well as the surface curvature of the lipid ("flexible") vis a vis the gold ("rigid") nanoparticles are responsible for eliciting differential influence on the catalytic activity as well as the stability of MMP-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
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47
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Sule N, Singh R, Srivastava DK. Alternative Modes of Binding of Recombinant Human Histone Deacetylase 8 to Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2008; 4:463-468. [PMID: 19956788 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2008.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases are intimately involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes, and they are high priority drug targets for cancer therapy. Due to prevalence of several sulfhydryl groups on the surface of histone deacetylase 8, we explored the possibility of its binding to colloidal gold nanoparticles by determining its potentials to inhibit the flocculation as well as retaining the enzyme activity. It was observed that although both these processes conformed to the binding affinity of the gold-histone deacetylase 8 conjugate as being equal to 15-20 nM, only 30% of the nanoparticle-bound enzyme exhibited the enzymatic activity. In the light of the structural features of histone deacetylase 8, we propose that the enzyme interacts with the gold nanoparticles via the surface exposed thiol groups, and such interaction occurs in two alternative modes. Whereas the enzyme bound via mode-1 is catalytically inactive (presumably due to the orientation of the enzyme's active site toward the gold nanoparticle surface), and it prevents the flocculation of the nanoparticles, the enzyme bound via mode-2 shows the full catalytic activity (as its active site is believed to be oriented away from the nanoparticle surface). Although the histone deacetylase 8 bound to AuNP via mode-2 exhibits the same inhibitory potency against Trichostatin A as the free enzyme, the former is more susceptible to thermal denaturation. The potential of potent interaction between gold nanoparticles and histone deacetylase 8 via alternative modes may find diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications for different forms of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Sule
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105
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48
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Rawat CMS, Ravi S, Sanjay P, Gupta VM, Srivastava DK. Knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B infection in newly admitted medical students. J Commun Dis 2008; 40:71-73. [PMID: 19127673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C M S Rawat
- Department of Community Medicine, UFHT Medical College, Haldwani, Nainital
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49
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Berg AK, Manokaran S, Eiler D, Kooren J, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Energetic rationale for an unexpected and abrupt reversal of guanidinium chloride-induced unfolding of peptide deformylase. Protein Sci 2007; 17:11-5. [PMID: 18042674 DOI: 10.1110/ps.073270608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptide deformylase (PDF) catalyzes the removal of formyl group from the N-terminal methionine residues of nascent proteins in prokaryotes, and this enzyme is a high priority target for antibiotic design. In pursuit of delineating the structural-functional features of Escherichia coli PDF (EcPDF), we investigated the mechanistic pathway for the guanidinium chloride (GdmCl)-induced unfolding of the enzyme by monitoring the secondary structural changes via CD spectroscopy. The experimental data revealed that EcPDF is a highly stable enzyme, and it undergoes slow denaturation in the presence of varying concentrations of GdmCl. The most interesting aspect of these studies has been the abrupt reversal of the unfolding pathway at low to moderate concentrations of the denaturant, but not at high concentration. An energetic rationale for such an unprecedented feature in protein chemistry is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K Berg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA
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50
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Ganguly B, Banerjee J, Elegbede AI, Klocke DJ, Mallik S, Srivastava DK. Intrinsic selectivity in binding of matrix metalloproteinase-7 to differently charged lipid membranes. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:5723-6. [PMID: 18036564 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We provide evidence that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) interacts with anionic, cationic and neutral lipid membranes, although it interacts strongest with anionic membranes. While the catalytic activity of the enzyme remains unaffected upon binding to neutral and negatively charged membranes, it is drastically impaired upon binding to the positively charged membranes. The structural data reveal that the origin of these features lies in the "bipolar" distribution of the electrostatic surface potentials on the crystallographic structure of MMP-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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