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Köster E, Chapman JPB, Barel JM, Korrensalo A, Laine AM, Vasander HT, Tuittila ES. Water level drawdown makes boreal peatland vegetation more responsive to weather conditions. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:5691-5705. [PMID: 37577794 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming and projected increase in summer droughts puts northern peatlands under pressure by subjecting them to a combination of gradual drying and extreme weather events. The combined effect of those on peatland functions is poorly known. Here, we studied the impact of long-term water level drawdown (WLD) and contrasting weather conditions on leaf phenology and biomass production of ground level vegetation in boreal peatlands. Data were collected during two contrasting growing seasons from a WLD experiment including a rich and a poor fen and an ombrotrophic bog. Results showed that WLD had a strong effect on both leaf area development and biomass production, and these responses differed between peatland types. In the poor fen and the bog, WLD increased plant growth, while in the rich fen, WLD reduced the growth of ground level vegetation. Plant groups differed in their response, as WLD reduced the growth of graminoids, while shrubs and tree seedlings benefited from it. In addition, the vegetation adjusted to the lower WTs, was more responsive to short-term climatic variations. The warmer summer resulted in a greater maximum and earlier peaking of leaf area index, and greater biomass production by vascular plants and Sphagnum mosses at WLD sites. In particular, graminoids benefitted from the warmer conditions. The change towards greater production in the WLD sites in general and during the warmer weather in particular, was related to the observed transition in plant functional type composition towards arboreal vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Köster
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jack P B Chapman
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janna M Barel
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Aino Korrensalo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Joensuu, Finland
| | - Anna M Laine
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Harri T Vasander
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Ribeiro-Kumara C, Köster E, Aaltonen H, Köster K. How do forest fires affect soil greenhouse gas emissions in upland boreal forests? A review. Environ Res 2020; 184:109328. [PMID: 32163772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires strongly regulate carbon (C) cycling and storage in boreal forests and account for almost 10% of global fire C emissions. However, the anticipated effects of climate change on fire regimes may destabilize current C-climate feedbacks and switch the systems to new stability domains. Since most of these forests are located in upland soils where permafrost is widespread, the expected climate warming and drying combined with more active fires may alter the greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets of boreal forests and trigger unprecedented changes in the global C balance. Therefore, a better understanding of the effects of fires on the various spatial and temporal patterns of GHG fluxes of different physical environments (permafrost and nonpermafrost soils) is fundamental to an understanding of the role played by fire in future climate feedbacks. While large amounts of C are released during fires, postfire GHG fluxes play an important role in boreal C budgets over the short and long term. The timescale over which the vegetation cover regenerates seems to drive the recovery of C emissions after both low- and high-severity fires, regardless of fire-induced changes in soil decomposition. In soils underlain by permafrost, fires increase the active layer depth for several years, which may alter the soil dynamics regulating soil GHG exchange. In a scenario of global warming, prolonged exposition of previously immobilized C could result in higher carbon dioxide emission during the early fire succession. However, without knowledge of the contribution of each respiration component combined with assessment of the warming and drying effects on both labile and recalcitrant soil organic matter throughout the soil profile, we cannot advance on the most relevant feedbacks involving fire and permafrost. Fires seem to have either negligible effects on methane (CH4) fluxes or a slight increase in CH4 uptake. However, permafrost thawing driven by climate or fire could turn upland boreal soils into temporary CH4 sources, depending on how fast the transition from moist to drier soils occurs. Most studies indicate a slight decrease or no significant change in postfire nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes. However, simulations have shown that the temperature sensitivity of denitrification exceeds that of soil respiration; thus, the effects of warming on soil N2O emissions may be greater than on C emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ribeiro-Kumara
- University of Helsinki, Department of Forest Sciences, PO Box 27, Latokartanonkaari 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Egle Köster
- University of Helsinki, Department of Forest Sciences, PO Box 27, Latokartanonkaari 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi Aaltonen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Forest Sciences, PO Box 27, Latokartanonkaari 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kajar Köster
- University of Helsinki, Department of Forest Sciences, PO Box 27, Latokartanonkaari 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Zhang-Turpeinen H, Kivimäenpää M, Aaltonen H, Berninger F, Köster E, Köster K, Menyailo O, Prokushkin A, Pumpanen J. Wildfire effects on BVOC emissions from boreal forest floor on permafrost soil in Siberia. Sci Total Environ 2020; 711:134851. [PMID: 32000328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the effects of climate change on boreal forest will be more frequent forest wildfires and permafrost thawing. These will increase the availability of soil organic matter (SOM) for microorganisms, change the ground vegetation composition and ultimately affect the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which impact atmospheric chemistry and climate. BVOC emissions from boreal forest floor have been little characterized in southern boreal region, and even less so in permafrost soil, which underlies most of the northern boreal region. Here, we report the long-term effects of wildfire on forest floor BVOC emission rates along a wildfire chronosequence in a Larix gmelinii forest in central Siberia. We determined forest floor BVOC emissions from forests exposed to wildfire 1, 23 and > 100 years ago. We studied how forest wildfires and the subsequent succession of ground vegetation, as well as changes in the availability of SOM along with the deepened and recovered active layer, influence BVOC emission rates. The forest floor acted as source of a large number of BVOCs in all forest age classes. Monoterpenes were the most abundant BVOC group in all age classes. The total BVOC emission rates measured from the 23- and >100-year-old areas were ca. 2.6 times higher than the emissions from the 1-year-old area. Lower emissions were related to a decrease in plant coverage and microbial decomposition of SOM after wildfire. Our results showed that forest wildfires play an important indirect role in regulating the amount and composition of BVOC emissions from post-fire originated boreal forest floor. This could have a substantial effect on BVOC emissions if the frequency of forest wildfires increases in the future as a result of climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Zhang-Turpeinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
| | - Minna Kivimäenpää
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Heidi Aaltonen
- Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O.Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Egle Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/ Forest sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/ Forest sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
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Aaltonen H, Palviainen M, Zhou X, Köster E, Berninger F, Pumpanen J, Köster K. Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition after forest fire in Canadian permafrost region. J Environ Manage 2019; 241:637-644. [PMID: 30962006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming in arctic/subarctic ecosystems will result in increased frequency of forest fires, elevated soil temperatures and thawing of permafrost, which have implications for soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition rates, the CO2 emissions and globally significant soil C stocks in this region. It is still unclear how decomposability and temperature sensitivity of SOM varies in different depths and different stages of succession following forest fire in permafrost regions and studies on long term effects of forest fires in these areas are lacking. To study this question, we took soil samples from 5, 10 and 30 cm depths from forest stands in Northwest Canada, underlain by permafrost, that were burnt by wildfire 3, 25 and over 100 years ago. We measured heterotrophic soil respiration at 1, 7, 13 and 19 °C. Fire had a significant effect on the active layer depth, and it increased the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of respiration in the surface (5 cm) and in the deepest soil layer (30 cm) in the 3-year-old area compared to the 25- and more than 100-year-old areas. Also the metabolic quotient (qCO2) of soil microbes was increased after fire. Though fires may facilitate the SOM decomposition by increasing active layer depth, they also decreased SOM quality, which may limit the rate of decomposition. After fire all of these changes reverted back to original levels with forest succession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Aaltonen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), Fi-00014, Finland.
| | - Marjo Palviainen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), Fi-00014, Finland
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), Fi-00014, Finland
| | - Egle Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), Fi-00014, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PL 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PL 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), Fi-00014, Finland
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Köster E, Köster K, Berninger F, Prokushkin A, Aaltonen H, Zhou X, Pumpanen J. Changes in fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane caused by fire in Siberian boreal forest with continuous permafrost. J Environ Manage 2018; 228:405-415. [PMID: 30243076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rising air temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns in boreal ecosystems are changing the fire occurrence regimes (intervals, severity, intensity, etc.). The main impacts of fires are reported to be changes in soil physical and chemical characteristics, vegetation stress, degradation of permafrost, and increased depth of the active layer. Changes in these characteristics influence the dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes. We have studied the changes in CO2 and CH4 fluxes from the soil in boreal forest areas in central Siberia underlain by continuous permafrost and the possible impacts of the aforementioned environmental factors on the emissions of these greenhouse gases. We have used a fire chronosequence of areas, with the last fire occurring 1, 23, 56, and more than 100 years ago. The soils in our study acted as a source of CO2. Emissions of CO2 were lowest at the most recently burned area and increased with forest age throughout the fire chronosequence. The CO2 flux was influenced by the pH of the top 5 cm of the soil, the biomass of the birch (Betula) and alder (Duschekia) trees, and by the biomass of vascular plants in the ground vegetation. Soils were found to be a CH4 sink in all our study areas. The uptake of CH4 was highest in the most recently burned area (forest fire one year ago) and the lowest in the area burned 56 years ago, but the difference between fire chronosequence areas was not significant. According to the linear mixed effect model, none of the tested factors explained the CH4 flux. The results confirm that the impact of a forest fire on CO2 flux is long-lasting in Siberian boreal forests, continuing for more than 50 years, but the impact of forest fire on CH4 flux is minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anatoly Prokushkin
- V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
| | - Heidi Aaltonen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Köster E, Köster K, Berninger F, Aaltonen H, Zhou X, Pumpanen J. Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from a fire chronosequence in subarctic boreal forests of Canada. Sci Total Environ 2017; 601-602:895-905. [PMID: 28582735 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Forest fires are one of the most important natural disturbances in boreal forests, and their occurrence and severity are expected to increase as a result of climate warming. A combination of factors induced by fire leads to a thawing of the near-surface permafrost layer in subarctic boreal forest. Earlier studies reported that an increase in the active layer thickness results in higher carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions. We studied changes in CO2, CH4 and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes in this study, and the significance of several environmental factors that influence the greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes at three forest sites that last had fires in 2012, 1990 and 1969, and we compared these to a control area that had no fire for at least 100years. The soils in our study acted as sources of CO2 and N2O and sinks for CH4. The elapsed time since the last forest fire was the only factor that significantly influenced all studied GHG fluxes. Soil temperature affected the uptake of CH4, and the N2O fluxes were significantly influenced by nitrogen and carbon content of the soil, and by the active layer depth. Results of our study confirm that the impacts of a forest fire on GHGs last for a rather long period of time in boreal forests, and are influenced by the fire induced changes in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biosciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heidi Aaltonen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PL 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Palviainen M, Pumpanen J, Berninger F, Ritala K, Duan B, Heinonsalo J, Sun H, Köster E, Köster K. Nitrogen balance along a northern boreal forest fire chronosequence. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174720. [PMID: 28358884 PMCID: PMC5373610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fire is a major natural disturbance factor in boreal forests, and the frequency of forest fires is predicted to increase due to climate change. Nitrogen (N) is a key determinant of carbon sequestration in boreal forests because the shortage of N limits tree growth. We studied changes in N pools and fluxes, and the overall N balance across a 155-year non stand-replacing fire chronosequence in sub-arctic Pinus sylvestris forests in Finland. Two years after the fire, total ecosystem N pool was 622 kg ha-1 of which 16% was in the vegetation, 8% in the dead biomass and 76% in the soil. 155 years after the fire, total N pool was 960 kg ha-1, with 27% in the vegetation, 3% in the dead biomass and 69% in the soil. This implies an annual accumulation rate of 2.28 kg ha-1 which was distributed equally between soil and biomass. The observed changes in N pools were consistent with the computed N balance +2.11 kg ha-1 yr-1 over the 155-year post-fire period. Nitrogen deposition was an important component of the N balance. The biological N fixation increased with succession and constituted 9% of the total N input during the 155 post-fire years. N2O fluxes were negligible (≤ 0.01 kg ha-1 yr-1) and did not differ among post-fire age classes. The number and intensity of microbial genes involved in N cycling were lower at the site 60 years after fire compared to the youngest and the oldest sites indicating potential differences in soil N cycling processes. The results suggest that in sub-arctic pine forests, the non-stand-replacing, intermediate-severity fires decrease considerably N pools in biomass but changes in soil and total ecosystem N pools are slight. Current fire-return interval does not seem to pose a great threat to ecosystem productivity and N status in these sub-arctic forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Palviainen
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Pumpanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Frank Berninger
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Ritala
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Baoli Duan
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chengdu, China
| | - Jussi Heinonsalo
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Egle Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Pineau N, Schlich P, Cordelle S, Mathonnière C, Issanchou S, Imbert A, Rogeaux M, Etiévant P, Köster E. Temporal Dominance of Sensations: Construction of the TDS curves and comparison with time–intensity. Food Qual Prefer 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Meinig G, Ulrich P, Köster E, Schürmann K. Ergebnisse der atraumatischen Hirndurchblutungsmessung mittels Xenon-Inhalation nach EC/IC-Anastomose. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1020899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jenderny J, Köster E, Borchers O, Meyer A, Grote W, Harms D, Jänig U. Interphase cytogenetics on paraffin sections of paediatric extragonadal yolk sac tumours. Virchows Arch 1996; 428:53-7. [PMID: 8646370 DOI: 10.1007/bf00192927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Germ cell tumours in children are more often extragonadal than in adults and the most frequent type is the yolk sac tumour. Limited cytogenetic data exist on extragonadal yolk sac tumours in children. We applied in situ hybridization (ISH) to interphase cell nuclei of four paediatric extragonadal pure yolk sac tumours and one yolk sac tumour component of a mixed germ cell tumour using paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The panel of chromosome-specific DNA probes was selected on the basis of their relevance in adult germ cell tumours and consisted of five DNA probes specific for the (peri)centromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 8, 12, and/or 17, X and/or one DNA probe specific for the subtelomeric region of chromosome 1 (p36.3). Only one tumour failed to show numerical and structural chromosome aberrations with the DNA probes used. The other four had an increased incidence of numerical chromosome aberrations with an over-representation of at least one chromosome. The DNA indices determined in the paraffin-embedded tumour material correlated well with the in situ hybridization findings. In only a few cases were chromosomes over-represented, when compared with the corresponding DNA indices. Recently, we have shown that the short arm of chromosome 1 is a non-random site of deletion in paediatric gonadal pure yolk sac tumours. The occurrence of similar deletions in one extragonadal pure yolk sac tumour and in one yolk sac tumour component, in conjunction with two further ISH reports, suggests that the loss of gene(s) in this region is an important event in the pathogenesis of paediatric malignant germ cell tumours of nearly all sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jenderny
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Kiel, Germany
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Jenderny J, Köster E, Meyer A, Borchers O, Grote W, Harms D, Jänig U. Detection of chromosome aberrations in paraffin sections of seven gonadal yolk sac tumors of childhood. Hum Genet 1995; 96:644-50. [PMID: 8522320 DOI: 10.1007/bf00210292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Yolk sac tumors are the most frequent kind of malignant pediatric germ cell tumor and may have a fundamentally different pathogenesis than adult germ cell tumors. Since few cytogenetic studies have been performed so far, in situ hybridization was applied to interphase cell nuclei of seven gonadal yolk sac tumors of childhood in routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The panel of chromosome-specific DNA probes was selected on the basis of their relevance in adult germ cell tumors and consisted of five DNA probes specific for the (peri)centromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 8, 12, 17 and/or X and/or one DNA probe specific for the subtelomeric region of chromosome 1 (p36.3). As in adult germ cell tumors, all pediatric gonadal yolk sac tumors had an increased incidence of numerical chromosome aberrations. All tumors showed an overrepresentation of at least three chromosomes. Gains of chromosome 12, which is highly specific in adult germ cell tumors, were diagnosed in six pediatric gonadal yolk sac tumors. The DNA indices determined in the paraffin-embedded tumor material correlated well with the in situ hybridization findings. A chromosome was either over- or underrepresented, compared with the corresponding DNA indices, in only a few cases. The short arm of chromosome 1 in adult germ cell tumors is often involved in structural aberrations. In pediatric germ cell tumors, the short arm of chromosome 1 is also a nonrandom site of structural aberrations. Moreover, the presence of a deletion at 1p36.3 in four out of five tumors suggests that the loss of gene(s) in this region is an important event in the pathogenesis of gonadal yolk sac tumors of childhood.
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Forkman B, Hoffmann V, Hulthén A, Köster E, Lundberg A. The Effect of Hunger on Social Facilitation in Domestic Poultry. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/09064709409410905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schmidt D, Köster E, Harms D. Intraabdominal desmoplastic small-cell tumor with divergent differentiation: clinicopathological findings and DNA ploidy. Med Pediatr Oncol 1994; 22:97-102. [PMID: 7505050 DOI: 10.1002/mpo.2950220207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Five cases of intraabdominal small-cell tumor with divergent differentiation are reported. All patients were of male sex. They were 10, 15, 20, 21, and 30 years of age at time of diagnosis, respectively. By light microscopy, the tumors consisted of small cells arranged in groups, nests, and clusters separated by a collagen-rich desmoplastic stroma. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the coexpression of mesenchymal, epithelial, and neural markers. Notably, all tumors coexpressed vimentin, cytokeratin, and desmin, the latter in a remarkable paranuclear dot-like fashion. In contrast to other authors, we did not find chromogranin. DNA image cytometry on four cases demonstrated two diploid and two aneuploid (hyperdiploid) cases. No correlation was found between ploidy and prognosis. One patient died from disease, another died from veno-occlusive disease after bone marrow transplantation, and the remaining patients are alive, but have progressive intraabdominal disease. Thus, our findings support the poor prognosis in this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schmidt
- Institute of Pathology, University of Kiel, Germany
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14
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Köster E. [Treatment of dry cough with Gujaphenyl cum codeine]. Munch Med Wochenschr 1970; 112:2190-1. [PMID: 5536879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Köster E. [Report on experiences with a new anti-asthmatic agent]. Z Allgemeinmed 1969; 45:838-40. [PMID: 5800259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Köster E, Meyer HJ. Bronchographie mit einem neuartigen Kontrastmittel. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1961. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1226832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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