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Ancel J, Chen E, Pavot A, Regard L, Le Rouzic O, Guecamburu M, Zysman M, Rapin A, Martin C, Soumagne T, Patout M, Roche N, Deslee G. [Take-home messages from the 2nd COPD 2023 Biennial of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases. Placing the patient at the center of the care pathway]. Rev Mal Respir 2024; 41:331-342. [PMID: 38609767 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The second COPD Biennial organized by the COPD working group of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases took place in Paris (Cochin) on 13th December 2023. STATE OF THE ART Major trends in 2023 were discussed; they encompassed concepts, definitions, biologics, care pathways, pulmonary rehabilitation and complex situations entailed by respiratory infections, cardiovascular comorbidities and pulmonary hypertension, and modalities of oxygen therapy and ventilation. PERSPECTIVES The different talks underlined major changes in COPD including the concepts of pre-COPD, etiotypes, health trajectories and new definitions of exacerbation. Recent results in biologics for COPD open the door to new pharmacological options. Assessment of current care pathways in France highlighted some causes for concern. For example, pulmonary rehabilitation is a key but insufficiently practiced element. Respiratory infections require careful assessment and treatments. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities and pulmonary hypertension are of paramount importance. As of late, oxygen therapy and ventilation modalities have evolved, and are beginning to afford more personalized options. CONCLUSIONS As regards COPD, a personalized approach is crucial, placing the patient at the center of the care pathway and facilitating coordination between healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ancel
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTÉ, Reims, France; Service de pneumologie, hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France
| | - E Chen
- Service de pneumologie, Hôpital universitaire Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - A Pavot
- Centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Regard
- Service de pneumologie, institut Cochin, hôpital Cochin, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Inserm UMR1016, université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - O Le Rouzic
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, CHU de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, University Lille, pneumologie et immuno-allergologie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Guecamburu
- Service des maladies respiratoires, CHU de Bordeaux, centre François-Magendie, hôpital Haut-Lévêque, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - M Zysman
- Service de pneumologie, CHU de Haut-Lévèque, Bordeaux, France; Centre de recherche cardio-thoracique, University Bordeaux, Inserm U1045, CIC 1401, Pessac, France
| | - A Rapin
- Département de médecine physique et de réadaptation, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Reims, hôpital Sébastopol, CHU de Reims, 51092 Reims, France; Faculté de médecine, VieFra, EA3797, 51097, université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - C Martin
- Service de pneumologie, institut Cochin, hôpital Cochin, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Inserm UMR1016, université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - T Soumagne
- Service de pneumologie et Soins intensifs respiratoires, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Patout
- Service des pathologies du sommeil (département R3S), groupe hospitalier universitaire AP-HP - Sorbonne université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; UMRS1158 neurophysiologie respiratoire expérimentale et clinique, Sorbonne université, Inserm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N Roche
- Service de pneumologie, institut Cochin, hôpital Cochin, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre, Inserm UMR1016, université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - G Deslee
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTÉ, Reims, France; Service de pneumologie, hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU de Reims, Reims, France.
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Chen E, da Cruz RS, Nascimento A, Joshi M, Pereira DG, Dominguez O, Fernandes G, Smith M, Paiva SPC, de Assis S. Paternal DDT exposure induces sex-specific programming of fetal growth, placenta development and offspring's health phenotypes in a mouse model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7567. [PMID: 38555297 PMCID: PMC10981700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that environmentally induced epigenetic inheritance occurs in mammals and that traits in the progeny can be shaped by parental environmental experiences. Epidemiological studies link parental exposure to environmental toxicants, such as the pesticide DDT, to health phenotypes in the progeny, including low birth and increased risk of chronic diseases later in life. Here, we show that the progeny of male mice exposed to DDT in the pre-conception period are born smaller and exhibit sexual dimorphism in metabolic function, with male, but not female, offspring developing severe glucose intolerance compared to controls. These phenotypes in DDT offspring were linked to reduced fetal growth and placenta size as well as placenta-specific reduction of glycogen levels and the nutrient sensor and epigenetic regulator OGT, with more pronounced phenotypes observed in male placentas. However, placenta-specific genetic reduction of OGT only partially replicates the metabolic phenotype observed in offspring of DDT-exposed males. Our findings reveal a role for paternal pre-conception environmental experiences in shaping placenta development and in fetal growth restriction. While many questions remain, our data raise the tantalizing possibility that placenta programming could be a mediator of environmentally induced intergenerational epigenetic inheritance of phenotypes and needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Chen
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Raquel Santana da Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Aallya Nascimento
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Meghali Joshi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Duane Gischewski Pereira
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Odalys Dominguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Gabriela Fernandes
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Megan Smith
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Sara P C Paiva
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sonia de Assis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Yao X, Zhang H, Hu J, Lin X, Sun J, Kang J, Huang Z, Wang G, Tian X, Chen E, Ren K. Effects of Gadolinium Retention in the Brains of Type 2 Diabetic Rats after Repeated Administration of Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents on Neurobiology and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38400842 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neurotoxic potential of gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) retention in the brains of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. PURPOSE To determine the deposition and clearance of GBCAs in T2DM rats and the mechanism by which Gd enhances nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. STUDY TYPE Cross-sectional, prospective. ANIMAL MODEL 104 T2DM male Wistar rats. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 9.4-T, T1-weighted fast spin echo sequence. ASSESSMENT T2DM (male Wistar rats, n = 52) and control group (healthy, male Wistar rats, n = 52) rats received saline, gadodiamide, Gd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, and gadoterate meglumine for four consecutive days per week for 7 weeks. The distribution and clearance of Gd in the certain brain were assessed by MRI (T1 signal intensity and relaxation rate R1, on the last day of each week), inductively coupled plasma mass-spectroscopy, ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Behavioral tests, histopathological features, and the effects of GBCAs on neuroinflammation were also analyzed. STATISTICAL TESTS One-way analysis of variance, bonferroni method, and unpaired t-test. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The movement distance and appearance time in the open field test of the T2DM rats in the gadodiamide group were significantly shorter than in the other groups. Furthermore, the expression of NLRP3, Pro-Caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD protein in neurons was significantly higher in the gadodiamide group than in the saline group, as shown by Western blot. Gadodiamide also induced differentiation of microglia into M1 type, decreased the neuronal mitochondrial membrane potential, and significantly increased neuronal apoptosis from flow cytometry. DATA CONCLUSION T2DM may affect both the deposition and clearance of GBCAs in the brain. Informed by the T2DM model, gadodiamide could mediate the neuroinflammatory response by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- The Basic Medicine College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Junlong Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Zhichun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Guangsong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Xinhua Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - E Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
| | - Ke Ren
- Department of Radiology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xia Men, China
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Rehm HL, Alaimo JT, Aradhya S, Bayrak-Toydemir P, Best H, Brandon R, Buchan JG, Chao EC, Chen E, Clifford J, Cohen ASA, Conlin LK, Das S, Davis KW, Del Gaudio D, Del Viso F, DiVincenzo C, Eisenberg M, Guidugli L, Hammer MB, Harrison SM, Hatchell KE, Dyer LH, Hoang LU, Holt JM, Jobanputra V, Karbassi ID, Kearney HM, Kelly MA, Kelly JM, Kluge ML, Komala T, Kruszka P, Lau L, Lebo MS, Marshall CR, McKnight D, McWalter K, Meng Y, Nagan N, Neckelmann CS, Neerman N, Niu Z, Paolillo VK, Paolucci SA, Perry D, Pesaran T, Radtke K, Rasmussen KJ, Retterer K, Saunders CJ, Spiteri E, Stanley C, Szuto A, Taft RJ, Thiffault I, Thomas BC, Thomas-Wilson A, Thorpe E, Tidwell TJ, Towne MC, Zouk H. The landscape of reported VUS in multi-gene panel and genomic testing: Time for a change. Genet Med 2023; 25:100947. [PMID: 37534744 PMCID: PMC10825061 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are a common result of diagnostic genetic testing and can be difficult to manage with potential misinterpretation and downstream costs, including time investment by clinicians. We investigated the rate of VUS reported on diagnostic testing via multi-gene panels (MGPs) and exome and genome sequencing (ES/GS) to measure the magnitude of uncertain results and explore ways to reduce their potentially detrimental impact. METHODS Rates of inconclusive results due to VUS were collected from over 1.5 million sequencing test results from 19 clinical laboratories in North America from 2020 to 2021. RESULTS We found a lower rate of inconclusive test results due to VUSs from ES/GS (22.5%) compared with MGPs (32.6%; P < .0001). For MGPs, the rate of inconclusive results correlated with panel size. The use of trios reduced inconclusive rates (18.9% vs 27.6%; P < .0001), whereas the use of GS compared with ES had no impact (22.2% vs 22.6%; P = ns). CONCLUSION The high rate of VUS observed in diagnostic MGP testing warrants examining current variant reporting practices. We propose several approaches to reduce reported VUS rates, while directing clinician resources toward important VUS follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi L Rehm
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Joseph T Alaimo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
| | - Swaroop Aradhya
- Invitae, San Francisco, CA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Hunter Best
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Jillian G Buchan
- Genetics Division, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | - Ana S A Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
| | - Laura K Conlin
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Soma Das
- Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Florencia Del Viso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - Marcia Eisenberg
- Women's Health and Genetics, Labcorp, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Lucia Guidugli
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Monia B Hammer
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - James M Holt
- HudsonAlpha Clinical Services Lab, LLC, Huntsville, AL
| | - Vaidehi Jobanputra
- Molecular Diagnostics, New York Genome Center, New York, NY; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Hutton M Kearney
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Jacob M Kelly
- HudsonAlpha Clinical Services Lab, LLC, Huntsville, AL
| | - Michelle L Kluge
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Lynette Lau
- Division of Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew S Lebo
- Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Cambridge, MA
| | - Christian R Marshall
- Division of Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Yan Meng
- Fulgent Genetics, Temple City, CA
| | | | | | | | - Zhiyv Niu
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Vitoria K Paolillo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
| | - Sarah A Paolucci
- Genetics Division, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | - Kristen J Rasmussen
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Carol J Saunders
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO
| | | | | | - Anna Szuto
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO; Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hana Zouk
- Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Cambridge, MA
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Chen E, Facio FM, Aradhya KW, Rojahn S, Hatchell KE, Aguilar S, Ouyang K, Saitta S, Hanson-Kwan AK, Capurro NN, Takamine E, Jamuar SS, McKnight D, Johnson B, Aradhya S. Rates and Classification of Variants of Uncertain Significance in Hereditary Disease Genetic Testing. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2339571. [PMID: 37878314 PMCID: PMC10600581 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) are rampant in clinical genetic testing, frustrating clinicians, patients, and laboratories because the uncertainty hinders diagnoses and clinical management. A comprehensive assessment of VUSs across many disease genes is needed to guide efforts to reduce uncertainty. Objective To describe the sources, gene distribution, and population-level attributes of VUSs and to evaluate the impact of the different types of evidence used to reclassify them. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used germline DNA variant data from individuals referred by clinicians for diagnostic genetic testing for hereditary disorders. Participants included individuals for whom gene panel testing was conducted between September 9, 2014, and September 7, 2022. Data were analyzed from September 1, 2022, to April 1, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcomes of interest were VUS rates (stratified by age; clinician-reported race, ethnicity, and ancestry groups; types of gene panels; and variant attributes), percentage of VUSs reclassified as benign or likely benign vs pathogenic or likely pathogenic, and enrichment of evidence types used for reclassifying VUSs. Results The study cohort included 1 689 845 individuals ranging in age from 0 to 89 years at time of testing (median age, 50 years), with 1 203 210 (71.2%) female individuals. There were 39 150 Ashkenazi Jewish individuals (2.3%), 64 730 Asian individuals (3.8%), 126 739 Black individuals (7.5%), 5539 French Canadian individuals (0.3%), 169 714 Hispanic individuals (10.0%), 5058 Native American individuals (0.3%), 2696 Pacific Islander individuals (0.2%), 4842 Sephardic Jewish individuals (0.3%), and 974 383 White individuals (57.7%). Among all individuals tested, 692 227 (41.0%) had at least 1 VUS and 535 385 (31.7%) had only VUS results. The number of VUSs per individual increased as more genes were tested, and most VUSs were missense changes (86.6%). More VUSs were observed per sequenced gene in individuals who were not from a European White population, in middle-aged and older adults, and in individuals who underwent testing for disorders with incomplete penetrance. Of 37 699 unique VUSs that were reclassified, 30 239 (80.2%) were ultimately categorized as benign or likely benign. A mean (SD) of 30.7 (20.0) months elapsed for VUSs to be reclassified to benign or likely benign, and a mean (SD) of 22.4 (18.9) months elapsed for VUSs to be reclassified to pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Clinical evidence contributed most to reclassification. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study of approximately 1.6 million individuals highlighted the need for better methods for interpreting missense variants, increased availability of clinical and experimental evidence for variant classification, and more diverse representation of race, ethnicity, and ancestry groups in genomic databases. Data from this study could provide a sound basis for understanding the sources and resolution of VUSs and navigating appropriate next steps in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Chen
- Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sulagna Saitta
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Nicole Nakousi Capurro
- School of Medicine, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Eriko Takamine
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saumya Shekhar Jamuar
- Genetics Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore
| | | | | | - Swaroop Aradhya
- Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, California
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Chen E, Sun Y, Kim U, Kyasaram RK, Yammani D, Deshane A, Damico N, Bhatt AD, Choi S, McClelland S. Impact of Free Hospital-Provided Rideshare Service on Radiation Therapy Completion Rates: A Matched Cohort Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S17-S18. [PMID: 37784424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radiation therapy (RT) is generally given in consecutive daily sessions over multiple weeks. This poses challenges for patients who face barriers such as limited access to public or private transportation, limited financial resources, lack of social support, and long distances to healthcare facilities. Delayed or incomplete RT increases risk for worse clinical outcomes. The potential of rideshare service, which uses a private vehicle for hire arranged through a phone-based application or website, to facilitate timely RT is understudied. MATERIALS/METHODS Retrospective data was collected on patients who received RT at a single institution from 2017-2022. Patient demographic and treatment characteristics were compared between those who did and did not utilize free hospital-provided rideshare service. RT completion rates were analyzed for a 1:1 matched non-rideshare cohort using optimal matching with the scaled Euclidean distance metric, to balance age, sex, race, performance status, number of fractions prescribed, Area Deprivation Index (ADI), distance to treatment center, year of diagnosis, treatment site, intent, and modality. ADI is a validated composite measure of community-level socioeconomic deprivation. RESULTS Of 2,906 patients who underwent RT, 58 utilized free hospital-provided rideshare service. Rideshare utilizers had a lower median age (60 vs 66, p = .02), and were more likely to identify as Black or African American (60 vs 22%, p<.0001) compared to non-rideshare utilizers. Rideshare utilizers also had higher ADI scores (median 9 vs 5, p<.0001), indicating higher socioeconomic disadvantage, and travelled shorter distances for treatment (median 5.0 vs 14.7 miles, p<.0001). More rideshare utilizers underwent RT for curative intent (79 vs 50%, p<.0001), concordant with a higher number of fractions prescribed (median 28 vs 5, p<.0001) as well as longer treatment course duration (median 39 vs 13 days, p<.0001). The most common treatment sites were head and neck (31%) and breast / chest wall (22%) for rideshare utilizers, and pelvis (27%) and brain (21%) for non-rideshare utilizers (p<.0001). Volumetric modulated arc therapy followed by 3D conformal were the most common treatment modalities in both groups. The matched cohort analysis revealed that RT completion rates were significantly higher for rideshare vs non-rideshare utilizers at 96 vs 81% (p = .01) overall, and 98 vs 78% (p = .01) for patients undergoing treatment with curative intent. CONCLUSION Even after adjustment for socioeconomic, clinical, and treatment characteristics, utilization of free hospital-provided rideshare service was associated with improved RT completion rates. These findings are notable as the majority of rideshare utilizers come from socioeconomically marginalized communities, and would otherwise be expected to face significant barriers to RT completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chen
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland, OH
| | - Y Sun
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - U Kim
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - R K Kyasaram
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cancer Informatics, Cleveland, OH
| | - D Yammani
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cancer Informatics, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Deshane
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - N Damico
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland, OH
| | - A D Bhatt
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland, OH
| | - S Choi
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - S McClelland
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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Chen E, Rueff E, Nguyen AL. Impact of Mask-Associated Dry Eye on Symptom Score. Eye Contact Lens 2023; 49:433-437. [PMID: 37363998 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Owing to widespread mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic and clinical reports tying mask use with dryness, this study endeavors to determine if mask use is linked to symptoms of dry eye. METHODS A prospective, cross-sectional survey study was performed. The survey used a modified Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness Questionnaire (SPEED, TearScience, Morrisville, NC) within 15 min of the beginning and discontinuation of mask wear. The survey also asked about mask wear time, mask style, visual correction, age, and gender. RESULTS The change in SPEED scores was statistically significant ( P =0.03) between participants with mild SPEED score at baseline (0-9) versus severe SPEED score at baseline (10-28) (n=77: 59 female, 16 male, 1 nonbinary, and 1 declined to answer; range 22-55 years old). Participants in the severe group used masks with nose wire more than the mild group ( P =0.03). CONCLUSIONS In this sample, dry eye symptoms were most exacerbated with mask wear in those that had mild initial symptom scores compared with those with severe symptom scores at baseline. The use of nose wire masks may be protective, as the severe group used this type more and had significantly less exacerbation of symptoms postmask wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Chen
- SCCO at MBKU (E.C., E.R., A.L.N.), Fullerton, CA; and California State University (A.L.N.), Fullerton, CA
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8
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Sorscher S, LoPiccolo J, Heald B, Chen E, Bristow SL, Michalski ST, Nielsen SM, Lacoste A, Keyder E, Lee H, Nussbaum RL, Martins R, Esplin ED. Rate of Pathogenic Germline Variants in Patients With Lung Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300190. [PMID: 37992258 PMCID: PMC10681406 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Germline genetic testing (GGT) is now recommended for all patients diagnosed with ovarian or pancreatic cancer and for a large proportion of patients based solely on a diagnosis of colorectal or breast cancer. However, GGT is not yet recommended for all patients diagnosed with lung cancer (LC), primarily because of a lack of evidence that supports a significant frequency of identifying pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in these patients. This study characterizes GGT results in a cohort of patients with LC. METHODS We reviewed deidentified data for 7,788 patients with GGT (2015-2022). PGV frequencies were compared to a control cohort of unaffected individuals. GGT results were stratified by genomic ancestry, history of cancer, and PGV clinical actionability per current guidelines. RESULTS Of all patients with LC, 14.9% (1,161/7,788) had PGVs. The rate was similar when restricted to patients with no cancer family history (FH) or personal history (PH) of other cancers (14.3%). PGVs were significantly enriched in BRCA2, ATM, CHEK2, BRCA1, and mismatch repair genes compared with controls. Patients of European (EUR) genomic ancestry had the highest PGV rate (18%) and variants of uncertain significance were significantly higher in patients of non-EUR genomic ancestry. Of the PGVs identified, 61.3% were in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes and 95% were clinically actionable. CONCLUSION This retrospective study shows a LC diagnosis identifies patients with a significant likelihood of having a cancer-predisposing PGV across genomic ancestries. Enrichment of PGVs in DDR genes suggests that these PGVs may contribute to LC cancer predisposition. The frequency of PGVs among patients with LC did not differ significantly according to FH or PH of other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaclyn LoPiccolo
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hayan Lee
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Renato Martins
- Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care Division, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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9
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Liu B, Wan Y, Chen E, Huang M, Chen X, Ni H, He J. Sphingomonas caeni sp. nov., a phenolic acid-degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023:10.1007/s10482-023-01837-w. [PMID: 37156982 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01837-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, polar flagellated or stalked and non-spore-forming bacterium, designated LB-2T, was isolated from activated sludge. Growth was observed at 20-30 °C (optimum 28 °C), pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and salinity of 0-0.5% (w/v; optimum 0.5%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that strain LB-2T belongs to the genus Sphingomonas and showed the highest sequence similarity (96.7%) and less than 96.7% similarities to other type strains. The genome size of strain LB-2T was 4.10 Mb, with 66.8 mol% G + C content. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strains LB-2T and S. canadensis FWC47T were 77.8% and 21%, respectively. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16:0. The major polar lipids were aminolipid, glycolipid, sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified lipids, glycophospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10 and the major polyamine was sym-homospermidine. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidences, strain LB-2T represents a novel species in the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LB-2T (GDMCC 1.3630T = NBRC 115,102T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Wan
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - E Chen
- The Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Xuelan Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Haiyan Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Desautels TA, Arrildt KT, Zemla AT, Lau EY, Zhu F, Ricci D, Cronin S, Zost SJ, Binshtein E, Scheaffer SM, Dadonaite B, Petersen BK, Engdahl TB, Chen E, Handal LS, Hall L, Goforth JW, Vashchenko D, Nguyen S, Weilhammer DR, Lo JKY, Rubinfeld B, Saada EA, Weisenberger T, Lee TH, Whitener B, Case JB, Ladd A, Silva MS, Haluska RM, Grzesiak EA, Earnhart CG, Hopkins S, Bates TW, Thackray LB, Segelke BW, Lillo AM, Sundaram S, Bloom J, Diamond MS, Crowe JE, Carnahan RH, Faissol DM. Computationally restoring the potency of a clinical antibody against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. bioRxiv 2023:2022.10.21.513237. [PMID: 36324800 PMCID: PMC9628197 DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.21.513237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the promise of monoclonal antibody-based prophylactic and therapeutic drugs1-3, but also revealed how quickly viral escape can curtail effective options4,5. With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in late 2021, many clinically used antibody drug products lost potency, including Evusheld™ and its constituent, cilgavimab4,6. Cilgavimab, like its progenitor COV2-2130, is a class 3 antibody that is compatible with other antibodies in combination4 and is challenging to replace with existing approaches. Rapidly modifying such high-value antibodies with a known clinical profile to restore efficacy against emerging variants is a compelling mitigation strategy. We sought to redesign COV2-2130 to rescue in vivo efficacy against Omicron BA.1 and BA.1.1 strains while maintaining efficacy against the contemporaneously dominant Delta variant. Here we show that our computationally redesigned antibody, 2130-1-0114-112, achieves this objective, simultaneously increases neutralization potency against Delta and many variants of concern that subsequently emerged, and provides protection in vivo against the strains tested, WA1/2020, BA.1.1, and BA.5. Deep mutational scanning of tens of thousands pseudovirus variants reveals 2130-1-0114-112 improves broad potency without incurring additional escape liabilities. Our results suggest that computational approaches can optimize an antibody to target multiple escape variants, while simultaneously enriching potency. Because our approach is computationally driven, not requiring experimental iterations or pre-existing binding data, it could enable rapid response strategies to address escape variants or pre-emptively mitigate escape vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Desautels
- Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Kathryn T Arrildt
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Adam T Zemla
- Global Security Computing Applications Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Edmond Y Lau
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Fangqiang Zhu
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Dante Ricci
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | | | - Seth J Zost
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Suzanne M Scheaffer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bernadeta Dadonaite
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Brenden K Petersen
- Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | | | - Elaine Chen
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Lynn Hall
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John W Goforth
- Global Security Computing Applications Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Denis Vashchenko
- Applications Simulations and Quality Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Sam Nguyen
- Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Dina R Weilhammer
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Jacky Kai-Yin Lo
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Bonnee Rubinfeld
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Edwin A Saada
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Tracy Weisenberger
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Tek-Hyung Lee
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Bradley Whitener
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James B Case
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Ladd
- Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Mary S Silva
- Global Security Computing Applications Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Rebecca M Haluska
- Applications Simulations and Quality Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Emilia A Grzesiak
- Global Security Computing Applications Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Christopher G Earnhart
- Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense, US, Department of Defense, Frederick, MD 21703, USA
| | | | - Thomas W Bates
- Global Security Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Larissa B Thackray
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brent W Segelke
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | | | - Shivshankar Sundaram
- Center for Bioengineering, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Jesse Bloom
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James E Crowe
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Robert H Carnahan
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Daniel M Faissol
- Computational Engineering Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
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da Cruz RS, Dominguez O, Chen E, Gonsiewski AK, Nasir A, Cruz MI, Zou X, Galli S, Makambi K, McCoy M, Schmidt MO, Jin L, Peran I, de Assis S. Environmentally Induced Sperm RNAs Transmit Cancer Susceptibility to Offspring in a Mouse Model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2507391. [PMID: 36798383 PMCID: PMC9934767 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2507391/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA sequence accounts for the majority of disease heritability, including cancer. Yet, not all familial cancer cases can be explained by genetic factors. It is becoming clear that environmentally induced epigenetic inheritance occurs and that the progeny's traits can be shaped by parental environmental experiences. In humans, epidemiological studies have implicated environmental toxicants, such as the pesticide DDT, in intergenerational cancer development, including breast and childhood tumors. Here, we show that the female progeny of males exposed to DDT in the pre-conception period have higher susceptibility to developing aggressive tumors in mouse models of breast cancer. Sperm of DDT-exposed males exhibited distinct patterns of small non-coding RNAs, with an increase in miRNAs and a specific surge in miRNA-10b levels. Remarkably, embryonic injection of the entire sperm RNA load of DDT-exposed males, or synthetic miRNA-10b, recapitulated the tumor phenotypes observed in DDT offspring. Mechanistically, miR-10b injection altered the transcriptional profile in early embryos with enrichment of genes associated with cell differentiation, tissue and immune system development. In adult DDT-derived progeny, transcriptional and protein analysis of mammary tumors revealed alterations in stromal and in immune system compartments. Our findings reveal a causal role for sperm RNAs in environmentally induced inheritance of cancer predisposition and, if confirmed in humans, this could help partially explain some of the "missing heritability" of breast, and other, malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Santana da Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Odalys Dominguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elaine Chen
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alexandra K Gonsiewski
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Apsra Nasir
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Idalia Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xiaojun Zou
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Susana Galli
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kepher Makambi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, & Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew McCoy
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marcel O Schmidt
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ivana Peran
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sonia de Assis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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12
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Shemesh A, Golomb D, Goldberg H, Chen E, Atamna F, Cooper A, Raz O. Effect of urology consult in the emergency department on outcome of patients with renal colic. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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13
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Zhao L, Zhang F, Wang K, Zhang X, Hu G, Chen E, Qiu J, Yuan C, He J. Quinolinic acid catabolism is initiated by a novel four-component hydroxylase QuiA in Alcaligenes faecalis JQ191. Environ Res 2023; 216:114421. [PMID: 36162464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Quinolinic acid (QA) is an essential nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compounds in organisms and it also acts as an important intermediate in chemical industry, which has strong neurotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The wide range of sources and applications caused the release and accumulation of QA in the environment which might poses a hazard to ecosystems and human health. However, few research on the degradation of QA by microorganisms and toxicity of QA and its metabolites were reported. Alcaligenes faecalis JQ191 could degrade QA but the genetic foundation of QA degradation has not been studied. In this study, the gene cluster quiA1A2A3A4 was identified from A. faecalis JQ191, which was responsible for the initial catabolism step of QA. The quiA1A2A3A4 gene cluster encodes a novel cytoplasmic four-component hydroxylase QuiA. The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that QuiA catalyzed QA to 6-hydroxyquinolinic acid (6HQA) and the H218O-labeling analysis confirmed that the hydroxyl group incorporating into 6HQA was derived from water. Toxicity tests showed that the QA could approximately inhibit 20%-80% growth of Chlorella ellipsoidea, and 6HQA could relieve at least 50% QA growth inhibition of Chlorella ellipsoidea, indicating that the 6-hydroxylation of QA by QuiA is a detoxification process. This research provides new insights into the metabolism of QA by microorganism and potential application in the bioremediation of toxic pyridine derivatives-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fuyin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Laboratory Centre of Life Science, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - E Chen
- The Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiguo Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cansheng Yuan
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China
| | - Jian He
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China.
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14
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Meira e Cruz M, Chen E, Zhou Y, Shu D, Zhou C, Kryger M. Using Circul® for assessing obstructive sleep apnea severity. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Cheng Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Zang A, Lv D, Li S, Cao L, Meng Z, Mao W, Zhang J, Liu A, Zhang Y, Tang K, Liu J, Zheng J, Wang Z, Chen E, Zhang X, Guo Q, Huang D. 103P Phase IIIb study of durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide in first-line treatment of Chinese extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ORIENTAL): Preliminary safety and efficacy results. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Meira e Cruz M, Chen E, Zhou Y, Shu D, Zhou C, Kryger M. Circul, a ring wearable in the detection of sleep breathing abnormalities. Preliminary data. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Dawson L, Winter K, Knox J, Zhu A, Krishnan S, Guha C, Kachnic L, Gillin M, Hong T, Craig T, Hosni A, Chen E, Noonan A, Koay E, Sinha R, Lock M, Ohri N, Dorth J, Moughan J, Crane C. NRG/RTOG 1112: Randomized Phase III Study of Sorafenib vs. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) Followed by Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) (NCT01730937). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Segal N, Tie J, Kopetz S, Ducreux M, Chen E, Dienstmann R, Hollebecque A, Reilley M, Elez Fernandez M, Cosaert J, Cain J, Hernandez M, Hewson N, Cooper Z, Dressman M, Tabernero J. 160P COLUMBIA-1: A phase Ib/II, open-label, randomized, multicenter study of durvalumab plus oleclumab in combination with chemotherapy and bevacizumab as first-line (1L) therapy in metastatic microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (MSS-mCRC). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Daraz U, Chen E, Tang Y. Supersaturated designs with less β-aberration. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2022.2150828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umer Daraz
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - E Chen
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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20
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Sachar S, Chen E, Harris E, Montero A, Choi S. Impact of Hormone Receptor Status on Development of Brain Metastases from HER2+ Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Chen E, Harris E, Amin A, Owusu C, Lyons J. Patterns of Regional Radiotherapy Following Breast Conserving Surgery in Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer with Limited Nodal Disease: A Single Institutional Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Chen E, Ng CE, Toumi Z. OC-052 A CHANGE IN PRESENTATION OF PARAOESOPHAGEAL HIATUS HERNIA REQUIRING SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The incidence of paraoesphageal hiatus hernia (PEH) has changed over the last several years. This study aims to ascertain the difference in the presentation of PEH requiring operative intervention at our unit because of the COVID-19 pandemic
Material & Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of procedures performed by a single surgeon for PEH in a district general hospital. We compared cases from 2016 to March 2020 and during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Results
39 consecutive cases were identified undergoing PEH related procedures. The median age was 66 (IQR 26), with slight female predominance (M:F ratio of 5:6). 28 cases (71.8%) were performed as elective cases.
After the 2020 March lockdown, there were 10 cases of PEH repair performed with 78% performed as emergency procedures, compared to 30 cases in the preceding 5 years and 10% performed as emergency cases. Chi-square test to examine the association between COVID-19 pandemic and emergency procedure, X2(1, N=39)=14.199, p=0.000164.
Pre-COVID19 the types of procedures included 76.7% were fundoplication with suture crural closure, 10% were fundoplication with mesh repair, 3.3% biological mesh repair, 3.3% with suture closure of the crural and 6.7% had suture gastropexy. During the COVID-19 period, 44.4% were gastropexy, 33.3% were gastrostomy tube insertion and 22.2% fundoplication performed.
Conclusion
We have seen significantly more emergency PEH related procedures performed and using a variety of procedures. This leads to the consideration of whether current emergency general surgery training can equip trainees for future independent practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chen
- General Surgery, University Hospital North Durham , Durham , United Kingdom
| | - C E Ng
- General Surgery, University Hospital North Durham , Durham , United Kingdom
| | - Z Toumi
- General Surgery, University Hospital North Durham , Durham , United Kingdom
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L'official G, Vely M, Guerin A, Chen E, Dreyfus J, Sportouch C, Oger E, Donal E. Isolated functional tricuspid regurgitation, how define patient at-risk for event? Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a turning point in cardiac diseases. Symptoms typically appear late, and the optimal timing for proposing a valve repair remains a challenge. We sought to analyse the characteristics of right heart remodelling in patients with significant functional TR to identify the parameters that could be used in an easily achievable and fair prognostic model predicting clinical events.
Methods
We designed a prospective observational French multicentre study including 160 patients with significant functional TR (effective regurgitant orifice area >30mm2) and LVEF >40%. Clinical, echocardiographic, and ECG data were collected at baseline, and at the 1- and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome was all-cause death or hospitalization for heart failure.
Results
At 2 years, 56 patients (35%) achieved the primary outcome. The subset with events showed more advanced right heart remodelling at baseline, but similar TR severity. Right atrial volume index (RAVI) and the TAPSE/sPAP ratio, reflecting right-ventricle-pulmonary artery coupling, were 73 mL/m2 and 0.40 versus 64.7 mL/m2 and 0.50 in the event vs event-free group, respectively (both p<0.05). None among all the clinical and imaging parameters tested had a significant group × time interaction. In multivariable analysis, the model including TAPSE/sPAP ratio >0.4 (OR=0.41, 95%CL 0.2 to 0.82) and RAVI >60 mL/m2 (OR=2.13, 95%CL 0.96 to 4.75) permitted the fairest and most parsimonious prognostic evaluation.
Conclusion
RAVI and TAPSE/sPAP are relevant for predicting the risk for event at 2-year follow-up in patient with an isolated functional TR.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L'official
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
| | - M Vely
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
| | - A Guerin
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
| | - E Chen
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
| | - J Dreyfus
- Centre Cardiologique du Nord (CCN) , Saint Denis , France
| | | | - E Oger
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
| | - E Donal
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou , Rennes , France
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Murtha A, Warner E, van der Eecken K, Kwan E, Herberts C, Sipola J, Ng S, Chen E, Fonseca N, Schönlau E, Bernales C, Donnellan G, Verbeke S, Lumen N, van Dorpe J, De Laere B, Annala M, Vandekerkhove G, Ost P, Wyatt A. 4MO Multi-focal genomic dissection of synchronous primary and metastatic tissue from de novo metastatic prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Kaur R, Harmon E, Joseph A, Dhliwayo NL, Kramer N, Chen E. Palliative Ventilator Withdrawal Practices in an Inpatient Hospice Unit. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2022:10499091221129827. [DOI: 10.1177/10499091221129827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Palliative ventilator withdrawal (PVW) involves removal of mechanical ventilation in patients not expected to survive to allow a peaceful death. This process traditionally occurs in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and recently has evolved to occur in Inpatient Hospice and Palliative Care Units (IPU). Objectives To describe the process and response of patients undergoing PVW in an IPU setting. Methods This is a longitudinal observational cohort study of adult patients who underwent PVW in an IPU from January 2021 through March 2022. Results Among 25 enrolled subjects, median age was 68 (IQR 62.5-76.5) years and 14 (56%) were females. Median time from PVW to death was 16.8 (IQR 2.6-100) hours. A registered nurse and attending physician were present in all the cases, while a respiratory therapist was present in 20 (80%) and chaplain in 9 (36%) of the cases. Before PVW, opioids and benzodiazepines were administered to 24 (96%) patients. Post PVW, respiratory distress was noted among 16 (64%) patients and medication was given to 15 (60%) patients for respiratory distress. There was a significant association between the presence of respiratory distress and administration of medication within 30 minutes after PVW ( P = .009). The rituals performed during PVW were reciting prayers for 11 (44%), playing music for 8 (32%), and observing silence for 6 (24%) of the patients. Conclusion This study describes the PVW practices in an IPU setting where a multidisciplinary team was present during PVW for most of the cases and two-third of the patients undergoing PVW experienced respiratory distress immediately after PVW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Harmon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Augustin Joseph
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nyembezi L Dhliwayo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neha Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elaine Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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26
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Zhu Y, Tan H, Wu Z, Li T, Ma L, Liu J, Zhang H, Gu Y, Li T, Guan S, Xie X, Jiang C, Zhao Z, Duan C, Wan J, Zhang X, Feng W, He X, Shi H, Wang Q, Lin D, Li Q, Jiang W, Mao G, Zhong S, Chen E, Shi H, Ren S, Wang D, Liu Y, Liu Z, Wu J, Wang F, Hu X, Wang J, Zhang F, Cao W, Yang D, Zhang Q, Wang L, Gu B, Cheng G, Zhang Y, Fang C, Li M. Use of covered stents to treat complex cerebrovascular diseases: Expert consensus. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:934496. [PMID: 36186960 PMCID: PMC9524574 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.934496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of complex cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) at the skull base, such as complex intracranial aneurysms, carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas, and intracranial artery traumatic injuries, is a difficult clinical problem despite advances in endovascular and surgical therapies. Covered stents or stent graft insertion is a new concept for endovascular treatment that focuses on arterial wall defect reconstruction, differing from endovascular lesion embolization or flow diverter therapies. In recent years, covered stents specifically designed for cerebrovascular treatment have been applied in the clinical setting, allowing thousands of patients with CCVDs to undergo intraluminal reconstruction treatment and achieving positive results, even in the era of flow diverters. Since there is no unified reference standard for the application of covered stents for treating CCVDs, it is necessary to further standardize and guide the clinical application of this technique. Thus, we organized authoritative experts in the field of neurointervention in China to write an expert consensus, which aims to summarize the results of covered stent insertion in the treatment of CCVDs and propose suitable standards for its application in the clinical setting. Based on the contents of this consensus, clinicians can use individualized intraluminal reconstruction treatment techniques for patients with CCVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Chun Fang
| | - Huaqiao Tan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongxue Wu
- Department of Neurointervention Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tielin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianting Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of PLA Central Theater Command Neurosurgical Institute of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital Affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sheng Guan
- Department of Neuro-Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuhan Jiang
- Department of Neurointervention Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Medical College, Tangdu Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieqing Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfeng Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuying He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiujing Wang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China
| | - Weixi Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guohua Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shu Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - E. Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shaohua Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital,Taiyuan, China
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shangdong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengpin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianliang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Hospital Affiliated Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuebin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurointerventional Radiology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenfeng Cao
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Donghong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingrong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Binxian Gu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangsen Cheng
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Department, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongcheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Chun Fang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Chun Fang
| | - Minghua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Minghua Li
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Sacher A, Lau S, Allen M, Corke L, Makarem M, Chen E, Jang RJ, Elimova E, Grant R, Shepherd F, Bradbury P, Eng L, Rogalla P, Liu G, Tsao MS, Leighl N, Garonce-Hediger R, Wang B, Ohashi P, Knox J. 1202TiP Evolution of the tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with liver metastases treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (INTEGRATE). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Cooper M, Mehta N, Chen E. A Nutrition Labeling Online Course (NLOC) Evaluation: Assessing Users’ Feedback. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Sorscher S, LoPiccolo J, Chen E, Heald B, Michalski ST, Nielsen SM, Nussbaum RL, Martins RG, Esplin ED. Landscape of pathogenic germline variants in patients with lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.36_suppl.388570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
388570 Background: Few studies have aimed to investigate the prevalence and spectrum of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in patients diagnosed with lung cancer. Given the growing opportunities for precision therapies based on PGVs in DNA damage-repair (DDR)/homologous recombination-repair (HRR) genes and the importance of identifying PGVs to inform future cancer screening and cascade testing, we investigated the prevalence and potential clinical implications of PGVs in individuals with lung cancer. Methods: Deidentified data were retrospectively reviewed for 7,788 individuals diagnosed with lung cancer for whom germline DNA sequencing and exon-level copy number analysis were performed between 2014-2022 at a commercial diagnostic laboratory. The diagnosis of lung cancer was based on ICD-10 codes or language on the test requisition suggesting a primary lung cancer diagnosis. Individuals with requisitions suggesting lung metastases, neuroendocrine tumors or sarcomas as the basis for testing were excluded. Number of genes tested varied per ordering clinician preference. Clinically actionable PGVs were defined as those associated with clinical management recommendations or trial eligibility per current, standard of care guidelines. Descriptive statistics were utilized. Results: The cohort was predominantly female (71.1%), White (64.5%), and most had a history of > 1 cancer (71.1%). A median of 79 genes (range 1-159) were tested. Testing identified 1,503 PGVs in 81 known cancer-risk genes in 1,161/7,788 (14.9%) patients; an additional 229 (2.9%) patients carried a single PGV in a gene associated with autosomal recessive inheritance. PGV rates stratified by self-reported ancestry: Black/African American, 11.8%; Asian or Pacific Islander, 11.8%; Hispanic, 14.5%; White, 15.4%. Among genes with >1,000 individuals tested, PGVs were most common in BRCA2 (2.8%), CHEK2 (2.1%), ATM (1.9%), TP53 (1.3%), BRCA1 (1.2%), and EGFR (1.0%). Of 1,161 individuals, 712 (61.3%) had a PGV in a DDR/HRR gene, making them potentially eligible for a clinical treatment trial, and 1,104/1,161 (95.1%) had a PGV that was potentially clinically actionable. Conclusions: From this large cohort of individuals with lung cancer, 14.9% had PGVs, nearly all of which were clinically actionable. Notably, HRR PGVs were common (64%). Currently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines endorse targeted therapies for patients with breast, pancreatic, prostate, and ovarian cancers who carry HRR PGVs. Recently, the NCCN Guidelines panel recommended germline testing be considered for all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Given the profound implications for both patients and their families that result from identifying PGVs, our results suggest that all patients with lung cancer also be considered for germline genetic testing.
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Li N, Chen L, Chen E, Yuan C, Zhang H, He J. Cloning of a novel tetrahydrofolate-dependent dicamba demethylase gene from dicamba-degrading consortium and characterization of the gene product. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:978577. [PMID: 36033860 PMCID: PMC9404685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.978577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicamba, an important hormone-type systemic herbicide, is widely used to control more than 200 kinds of broadleaf weeds in agriculture. Due to its broad-spectrum, high efficiency and effectively killing glyphosate-resistant weeds, dicamba is considered as an excellent target herbicide for the engineering of herbicide-resistant crops. In this study, an efficient dicamba-degrading microbial consortium was enriched from soil collected from the outfall of a pesticide factory. The enriched consortium could almost completely degrade 500 mg/L of dicamba within 12 h of incubation. A novel tetrahydrofolate (THF)-dependent dicamba demethylase gene, named dmt06, was cloned from the total DNA of the enriched consortium. Dmt06 shared the highest identity (72.3%) with dicamba demethylase Dmt50 from Rhizorhabdus dicambivorans Ndbn-20. Dmt06 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified to homogeneity using Co2+-charged nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography. The purified Dmt06 catalyzed the transfer of methyl from dicamba to THF, generating the herbicidally inactive metabolite 3,6-dichlorosalicylate (3,6-DCSA) and 5-methyl-THF. The optimum pH and temperature for Dmt06 were detected to be 7.4 and 35°C, respectively. Under the optimal condition, the specific activity of Dmt06 reached 165 nmol/min/mg toward dicamba, which was much higher than that of Dmt and Dmt50. In conclusion, this study cloned a novel gene, dmt06, encoding an efficient THF-dependent dicamba demethylase, which was a good candidate for dicamba-resistant transgenic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Chen
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Nanjing, China
| | - E. Chen
- The Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cansheng Yuan
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
- Cansheng Yuan,
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Rural Revitalization, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian He, ;
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Geller A, Baciu A, Aidoo R, Alemayehu S, Andrada CI, Chen E, Dao A, Flattum-Riemers T, Forbes C, Gabriel A, Garcia JL, Gardiner C, Gonyea O, Graydon E, Henry-Smith C, Hughes K, Jammes C, Jones JH, Jeong EK(G, Lammers J, Lu Y, Mason E, McIntyre M, Mencke J, Mielke S, Moye C, O’Brien E, Okoroajuzie A, Po M, Richmond M, Sadel J, Scott R, Sharma A, Southwick F, Theard P, Wanek A, Wasson K, Yo S, Yo S. Eighth Annual DC Public Health Case Challenge: Addressing Infectious Diseases Using a Population Health Approach: Prevention and Control of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections in Young Adults 18-24. NAM Perspect 2022; 2022:202208a. [PMID: 36713774 PMCID: PMC9875853 DOI: 10.31478/202208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Geller
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
| | - Alina Baciu
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Amanda Dao
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Mencke
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Remle Scott
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
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Kaur R, Chen E, Faizi AS, Lamadrid VJ, Vines DL, Scott JB. Emotional impact of compassionate extubation on respiratory therapists and nurses: A pilot study. Can J Respir Ther 2022; 58:115-120. [PMID: 35928235 PMCID: PMC9318268 DOI: 10.29390/cjrt-2022-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Compassionate extubation (CE) refers to withdrawing mechanical ventilation and allowing a patient to die peacefully at the end of life. The primary objective of this pilot study was to quantify the emotional impact of CE on Respiratory Therapists (RT) and Registered Nurses (RNs). Methods This pilot survey was conducted between March and April 2021 at an academic medical center among RTs and RNs. It included questions on participants’ demographics, work characteristics, and Impact of Events (IES) scale to assess the subjective stress caused by CE. Data were analyzed using descriptive and χ2 statistics. Results Among 20 participants, 18 (90%) were females, 12 (60%) were in the 20–40-year age group, 12 (60%) were RTs, and 8 (40%) RNs. Around 15 (75%) participants worked day shifts with a weekly average of 3–4 shifts, and 14 (70%) performed/observed CE within 1 month before taking this survey. CE performed/observed in a month was ≤2 among 15 (75%) and 3–5 among 4 (20%) participants. Mean total IES score was 16.7 (12.3) among all participants representing 7 (35%) having low, 6 (30%) moderate, and 7 (35%) high emotional impact when performing CE. Risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was present in 6 (30%) participants. A significantly higher number of participants in the low impact group were satisfied with the institutional CE process (p = 0.043) than those in the medium/high impact group. Conclusion This pilot study findings reveal that RTs and RNs experience moderate to high levels of subjective stress when performing CE. One-third of the survey participants were at risk of developing PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elaine Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Palliative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anam S. Faizi
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vivien Joy Lamadrid
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David L. Vines
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J. Brady Scott
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chen E, Borrero CSW, Frank‐Crawford MA, Borrero JC. Accumulated‐ and distributed‐reinforcer arrangements in the treatment of challenging mealtime behavior. Behavioral Interventions 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Chen
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Carrie S. W. Borrero
- Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore Maryland USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Michelle A. Frank‐Crawford
- Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore Maryland USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - John C. Borrero
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
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Bartlett SJ, Bingham C, Predmore Z, Concannon T, Chen E, Schrandt S, Xie R, Chapman R, Frank L. POS1569-PARE TESTING A NEW APPROACH TO IDENTIFY AND ASSESS PATIENT-VALUED TREATMENT GOALS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA): A PATIENT-ENGAGED HEALTHCARE VALUATION STRATEGY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundCommon approaches to valuing health technologies often fail to capture outcomes that matter to patients and families. The treatment goals of people living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) include common trial endpoints but also include other facets of disease impact. Identifying a feasible and rigorous approach to inclusion of the patient perspective is needed as trialists increasingly seek to incorporate patient-important outcomes in trial design and as varied patient-centered value assessment frameworks emerge. No standard approach is available to systemically identify and quantify patient-important outcomes, nor to include those outcomes in deliberative decision-making. We developed the Patient-Engaged Healthcare Valuation strategy, using principles of goal attainment scaling to frame survey-based goal collection directly from adults.ObjectivesTo develop and test a goal-based method for collecting RA patient input for use in clinical trials and value assessment and evaluating the feasibility of this approach in people with RA.MethodsPatient goals and domains were identified from (1) a literature review (2010-2020) of patient outcomes, goals, and preferences in RA, and (2) discussions with patients and clinicians during two meetings with a steering committee (SC) consisting of clinicians, outcomes researchers, patients/advocates, and health economists. These goals informed the development of a draft survey. Adults with RA were recruited from online patient networks to rate goal importance and suggest additional goals. SC members reviewed the survey findings and assessed feasibility of scaling up goal collection for HTA.ResultsOf 135 articles identified, 17 were retained. An inductive and iterative approach was used to identify and thematically group the final set of 36 goals into 4 domains. The draft survey was cognitively debriefed with 4 adults with RA. The first survey was administered to 20 participants; results informed item revisions and additions for the second round of data collection (n=27).The 47 respondents were mostly White (87%), college-educated (72%) women (93%) living with RA for an average of 15 years; 75% rated their RA as moderate to severe. Free-text goals added in round 1 include: 1) finding specialists who listen to patient input on symptoms; 2) addressing loneliness or isolation; and 3) finding support from or helping others with RA. All Symptom and Life Impact goals were rated as Important or Very Important by ≥85% of participants; endorsement for Management and Treatment goals was somewhat more variable, with ≥85% endorsing these as Somewhat to Very Important. Results suggested that domains match key goals. Steering committee ratings supported the feasibility of this method.ConclusionGoals relevant for RA treatment evaluation can be efficiently identified and rated for importance by patients. Patient-important goals can be incorporated into deliberative healthcare valuation using this method to permit “crowd-sourced” input from people living with RA and to capture heterogeneous patient perspectives in healthcare valuation.Table 1.Top Goals based on rating as “Very Important” by >70% of subjects, from set of 36. “My goals for living with RA are to…”GoalsNot ImportantSomewhat ImportantImportantVery ImportantSymptom Managementimprove the quality of my life with RA0% (0)0% (0)23% (11)77% (36)manage my RA pain0% (0)2% (1)11% (5)87% (41)reduce how my RA pain interferes with my life0% (0)9% (4)17% (8)74% (35)Life Impactreduce the ways in which RA interferes with my life0% (0)2% (1)21% (10)77% (36)be independent in my daily functioning0% (0)4% (1)15% (4)81% (22)Managing my RAfeel like I can manage my RA0% (0)2% (1)26% (12)72% (34)Treatment Featuresunderstand my RA treatment options0% (0)4% (2)21% (10)74% (35)have the information I need to make treatment decisions0% (0)0% (0)19% (9)81% (38)know what to expect with my RA treatment0% (0)2% (1)23% (11)74% (35)find treatments that are effective0% (0)0% (0)6% (3)94% (44)AcknowledgementsI have no acknowledgements to declare.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Hong X, Huang K, Lin J, Ye X, Wu G, Chen L, Chen E, Zhao S. Combined Multi-Atlas and Multi-Layer Perception for Alzheimer's Disease Classification. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:891433. [PMID: 35721019 PMCID: PMC9199857 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.891433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. To distinguish the stage of the disease, AD classification technology challenge has been proposed in Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision 2021 (PRCV 2021) which provides the gray volume and average cortical thickness data extracted in multiple atlases from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Traditional methods either train with convolutional neural network (CNN) by MRI data to adapt the spatial features of images or train with recurrent neural network (RNN) by temporal features to predict the next stage. However, the morphological features from the challenge have been extracted into discrete values. We present a multi-atlases multi-layer perceptron (MAMLP) approach to deal with the relationship between morphological features and the stage of the disease. The model consists of multiple multi-layer perceptron (MLP) modules, and morphological features extracted from different atlases will be classified by different MLP modules. The final vote of all classification results obtains the predicted disease stage. Firstly, to preserve the diversity of brain features, the most representative atlases are chosen from groups of similar atlases, and one atlas is selected in each group. Secondly, each atlas is fed into one MLP to fetch the score of the classification. Thirdly, to obtain more stable results, scores from different atlases are combined to vote the result of the classification. Based on this approach, we rank 10th among 373 teams in the challenge. The results of the experiment indicate as follows: (1) Group selection of atlas reduces the number of features required without reducing the accuracy of the model; (2) The MLP architecture achieves better performance than CNN and RNN networks in morphological features; and (3) Compared with other networks, the combination of multiple MLP networks has faster convergence of about 40% and makes the classification more stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hong
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Machine Learning (Huaqiao University), Fujian Province University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Hong ;
| | - Kaifeng Huang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Lin
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ye
- Fuzhou Comvee Network and Technology Co., Ltd, Fuzhou, China
- Xiaoyan Ye
| | - Guoxiang Wu
- College of Foreign Languages, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Longfei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - E. Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- E. Chen
| | - Siyu Zhao
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
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Cai C, Cao J, Yang C, Chen E. Diagnosis of Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment Using MGS-WBC and VGBN-LM Algorithms. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:893250. [PMID: 35707699 PMCID: PMC9189381 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.893250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has undergone rapid development with the advent of advanced neuroimaging and machine learning methods. Nevertheless, how to extract discriminative features from the limited and high-dimensional data is not ideal, especially for amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) data based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Furthermore, a robust and reliable system for aMCI detection is conducive to timely detecting and screening subjects at a high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this scenario, we first develop the mask generation strategy based on within-class and between-class criterion (MGS-WBC), which primarily aims at reducing data redundancy and excavating multiscale features of the brain. Concurrently, vector generation for brain networks based on Laplacian matrix (VGBN-LM) is presented to obtain the global features of the functional network. Finally, all multiscale features are fused to further improve the diagnostic performance of aMCI. Typical classifiers for small data learning, such as naive Bayesian (NB), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machines (SVMs), are adopted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of aMCI. This study helps to reveal discriminative neuroimaging features, and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, providing new insights for the intelligent construction of CAD system of aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunting Cai
- School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Chenhui Yang
- School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - E. Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zhang M, Tam L, Wright J, Mohammadzadeh M, Han M, Chen E, Wagner M, Nemalka J, Lai H, Eghbal A, Ho CY, Lober RM, Cheshier SH, Vitanza NA, Grant GA, Prolo LM, Yeom KW, Jaju A. Radiomics Can Distinguish Pediatric Supratentorial Embryonal Tumors, High-Grade Gliomas, and Ependymomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:603-610. [PMID: 35361575 PMCID: PMC8993189 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pediatric supratentorial tumors such as embryonal tumors, high-grade gliomas, and ependymomas are difficult to distinguish by histopathology and imaging because of overlapping features. We applied machine learning to uncover MR imaging-based radiomics phenotypes that can differentiate these tumor types. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our retrospective cohort of 231 patients from 7 participating institutions had 50 embryonal tumors, 127 high-grade gliomas, and 54 ependymomas. For each tumor volume, we extracted 900 Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative-based PyRadiomics features from T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images. A reduced feature set was obtained by sparse regression analysis and was used as input for 6 candidate classifier models. Training and test sets were randomly allocated from the total cohort in a 75:25 ratio. RESULTS The final classifier model for embryonal tumor-versus-high-grade gliomas identified 23 features with an area under the curve of 0.98; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 0.85, 0.91, 0.79, 0.94, and 0.89, respectively. The classifier for embryonal tumor-versus-ependymomas identified 4 features with an area under the curve of 0.82; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 0.93, 0.69, 0.76, 0.90, and 0.81, respectively. The classifier for high-grade gliomas-versus-ependymomas identified 35 features with an area under the curve of 0.96; the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 0.82, 0.94, 0.82, 0.94, and 0.91, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this multi-institutional study, we identified distinct radiomic phenotypes that distinguish pediatric supratentorial tumors, high-grade gliomas, and ependymomas with high accuracy. Incorporation of this technique in diagnostic algorithms can improve diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (M.Z.)
| | - L Tam
- Stanford University School of Medicine (L.T.), Stanford, California
| | - J Wright
- Department of Radiology (J.W.).,Department of Radiology (J.W.), Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - M Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Radiology (M.M.), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Han
- Department of Pediatrics (M.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - E Chen
- Departments of Clinical Radiology & Imaging Sciences (E.C., C.Y.H.), Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - M Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.W.), The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Nemalka
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery (J.N., S.H.C.), Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Intermountain Healthcare Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - H Lai
- Department of Radiology (H.L., A.E.), CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County California, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - A Eghbal
- Department of Radiology (H.L., A.E.), CHOC Children's Hospital of Orange County California, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - C Y Ho
- Departments of Clinical Radiology & Imaging Sciences (E.C., C.Y.H.), Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - R M Lober
- Division of Neurosurgery (R.M.L.), Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
| | - S H Cheshier
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery (J.N., S.H.C.), Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Intermountain Healthcare Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - N A Vitanza
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (N.A.V.), Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - G A Grant
- Neurosurgery (G.A.G., L.M.P.), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - L M Prolo
- Neurosurgery (G.A.G., L.M.P.), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - K W Yeom
- Departments of Radiology (K.W.Y.)
| | - A Jaju
- Department of Medical Imaging (A.J.), Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Lofficial G, Chen E, Guerin A, Dreyfus J, Sportouch C, Galli E, Oger E, Donal E. Right heart interplay with secondary tricuspid regurgitation. How can we predict clinical events? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
OnBehalf
TRAP
Introduction. Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) is a turning point in cardiac diseases. Symptoms occurred too late according to the right heart reverse remodelling capabilities. The ideal timing for proposing a valve repair remains a challenge. We sought to analyse characteristics of patients with significant secondary TR, seeking for changes in parameters over time that could be related to the risk of clinical event.
Material and method. We designed a prospective observational French multicentre study of 160 patients with significant secondary TR (effective regurgitant orifice area > 30 mm²) and LVEF > 40%; we collected clinical, echocardiographic, and EKG data at baseline, 1- and 2-year follow-up. All echocardiographies were centrally analyzed. The primary outcome was death or hospitalization for heart failure
Results. At 2-year 95 patients (59.3%) presented the primary outcome. They had significant morphological and functional alteration of the right heart parameters. Right Atrial Volume Index (RAVI) and right ventricular free wall Strain were respectively 73mL/m² and -19.8% versus 64.7mL/m² and 22.3% in the event-free group. None of them had significant group*time interaction. In the multivariable analysis, TAPSE/sPAP ratio > 0.4 (OR = 0.41 95%CL 0.2 to 0.82) associated to RAVI > 60mL/m² (OR = 2.13 95%CL 0.96 to 4.75) were the two independent parameters that enable the fairest and parsimonious evaluation.
Conclusion. We demonstrated that short analysis using RAVI and TAPSE/sPAP almost reached us to an easier patient assessment by limiting the number of involved parameters. These parameters are now to be for defining the best timing and response to interventions. Abstract Figure. LAVI and TAPSE/sPAP according to events
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lofficial
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - E Chen
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - A Guerin
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - J Dreyfus
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - C Sportouch
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - E Galli
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - E Oger
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - E Donal
- University Hospital of Rennes - Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
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Paugh JR, Chen E, Kwan J, Nguyen T, Sasai A, Thomas De Jesus M, Nguyen AL, Christensen MT, Meadows D. Validation of the Modified Schein Dry Eye Symptom Questionnaire and Comparison With the Ocular Surface Disease Index. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:27. [PMID: 35175319 PMCID: PMC8857611 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the validity and diagnostic efficacy of a modified Schein dry eye questionnaire and compared it to the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Methods The original Schein survey was modified to allow numerical scoring on a 0 to 24 scale and evaluated in prospective studies in normal and dry eye subjects. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for test efficacy in aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE) related to meibomian gland dysfunction was determined. Results Dry eye subtype, age and gender were statistically significant in explaining variation in modified Schein scores (n = 377; general linear model; all P values < 0.006) whereas for Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) only age and gender were significant, but not dry eye subtype. The modified Schein ROC curve had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.693 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.635–0.753), with cutpoint of 7.5 (sensitivity of 0.75, specificity of 0.55). Similarly, the OSDI had an AUC of 0.685 (95% CI, 0.610–0.760), at a cutpoint of 10.4 (sensitivity of 0.75, specificity of 0.55). Modified Schein and OSDI correlated well (Pearson r = 0.81; P < 0.001). Symptom change for the modified Schein with artificial tear treatment was significant in EDE subjects (Dunnet's tests, P value < 0.001). Conclusions The modified Schein questionnaire is rapid to administer and score and compares well with the OSDI for test efficacy. Moreover, it differentiates normals from ADDE and EDE subtypes and is responsive to dry eye treatment. These attributes make the modified Schein survey an attractive dry eye symptom characterization instrument. Translational Relevance The modified Schein symptom survey, validated against clinical diagnosis and an existing survey, provides a new, efficacious diagnostic and treatment monitoring instrument in dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry R Paugh
- Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Elaine Chen
- Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Alan Sasai
- Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Melinda Thomas De Jesus
- Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B. Ketchum University, Fullerton, CA, USA.,LensGen, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Loc Nguyen
- Department of Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, CA, USA
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Nie W, Su X, Liu L, Li J, Fu Q, Li X, Wu C, Wang J, Deng R, Chen E, Yang S, Li S, Zhang H, Wang C. Dynamics of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA at the Early Phase After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:814517. [PMID: 35071284 PMCID: PMC8777035 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.814517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) has been suggested as an indicator of allograft injury in adult and pediatric kidney transplantation (KTx). However, the dynamics of ddcfDNA in pediatric KTx have not been investigated. In addition, it has not been demonstrated whether donor-recipient (D/R) size mismatch affect ddcfDNA level. Methods: Pediatric KTx recipients with a single donor kidney were enrolled and followed up for 1 year. ddcfDNA, calculated as a fraction (%) in the recipient plasma, was examined longitudinally within 3 months post-transplant. D/R size mismatch degree was described as D/R height ratio. The 33rd percentile of D/R height ratio (0.70) was used as the cut-off to divide the patients into low donor-recipient height ratio group (<0.70) and high donor-recipient height ratio group (≥0.70). The dynamics of ddcfDNA were analyzed and the impact factors were explored. Stable ddcfDNA was defined as the first lowest ddcfDNA. ddcfDNA flare-up was defined as a remarkable elevation by a proportion of >30% from stable value with a peak value >1% during elevation. Results: Twenty-one clinically stable recipients were enrolled. The median D/R height ratio was 0.83 (0.62–0.88). It took a median of 8 days for ddcfDNA to drop from day 1 and reach a stable value of 0.67% (0.46–0.73%). Nevertheless, 61.5% patients presented ddcfDNA>1% at day 30. Besides, 81.0% (17/21) of patients experienced elevated ddcfDNA and 47.6% (10/21) met the standard of ddcfDNA flare-up. Donor-recipient height ratio was an independent risk factor for ddcfDNA flare-up (odds ratio = 0.469 per 0.1, 95% CI 0.237–0.925, p = 0.029) and low donor-recipient height ratio (<0.70) was found to increase the risk of flare-up occurrence (odds ratio = 15.00, 95% CI 1.342–167.638, p = 0.028). Conclusions: ddcfDNA rebounds in many stable pediatric KTx recipients without rejection. This may be induced by significant D/R size mismatch and may affect its diagnostic performance at the early phase after pediatric KTx in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Nie
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Su
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longshan Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xirui Li
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Wu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghai Deng
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - E Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shicong Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanxi Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, China
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Chen E, Liu N, Zhao Y, Tang M, Ou L, Wu X, Luo C. Panobinostat reverses HepaCAM gene expression and suppresses proliferation by increasing histone acetylation in prostate cancer. Gene 2022; 808:145977. [PMID: 34592353 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) affiliated to the epigenetic regulation is common aberration in prostate cancer (PCa). We have confirmed that hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM), acting as a tumor suppressor gene, is rarely expressed in PCa previously, However, the mechanisms of which is still unknown. The level of histone acetylation reportedly may involve anti-oncogene transcription and expression. In this study, we investigated the effect of panobinostat, the broad-spectrum histone deacetylases inhibitor, on PCa LNCaP and DU145 cell growth, and observed re-expression of hepaCAM when treated with panobinostat. We demonstrated that intranuclear acetylation of lys9 of histone H3 (Ac-H3K9) were increased, while that of both mRNA and protein of HDAC1, HDAC3, and HDAC4 were decreased when the treating concentration of panobinostat increased. We confirmed the relationship between histone acetylation and the expression of hepaCAM and AR in prostate cancer tissues. We also confirmed that panobinostat could overcome the resistance for androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Further, we combined panobinostat with Ad-hepaCAM, which resulted in significantly increased antitumor activity and significant attenuation of the proliferation-associated genes CCND1 and PCNA compared to each single treatment. In conclusion, panobinostat may enhance the acetylation of lys9 of histone 3 and reverse the hepaCAM expression through its inhibitory effect on HDACs activity in PCa LNCaP and DU145 cells; Ad-hepaCAM combined with panobinostat may synergistically inhibit the growth of LNCaP and DU145 cells, via a potential mechanism associated with the down-regulation of the expression of CCND1 and PCNA. These findings suggest that this therapeutic strategy should be further developed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400015, People's Republic of China
| | - NanJing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - LiPing Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoHou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - ChunLi Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
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McGurn A, Peterson S, Burke J, Chen E. 162: An initiative to improve quality of care in CF patients with Burkholderia by eliminating cohort segregation. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen E, Qi ZF, Tang Y. Lower bound and construction of mixed-level locating arrays. COMMUN STAT-THEOR M 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610926.2020.1722841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System (CEMEE), Luoyang, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zong-Feng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System (CEMEE), Luoyang, China
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Yuan X, Liu Y, Chen E, Wang J, Deng S, Chen P, Wang X, Deng S. MiR-646 regulates proliferation and migration of laryngeal carcinoma through the PI3K/AKT pathway via targeting GPX1. Oral Dis 2021; 27:1678-1686. [PMID: 33150676 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal cancer is a common type of head and neck malignancy. microRNA is implicated in the development and progression of various tumours. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles and mechanisms of miR-646 in laryngeal carcinoma cells. We detected the expression of miR-646 and observed that miR-646 was reduced in laryngeal cell lines. Subsequently, the proliferation, migration and invasion of TU212 and TU686 cells were evaluated using CCK-8 assays, cell proliferation ELISA BrdU and transwell assays after transfection with miR-646 mimic. Overexpression of miR-646 attenuated the proliferative and invasive abilities of TU212 and TU686 cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a direct target of miR-646. Interestingly, restoration of GPX1 promoted cell proliferation and migration, and reversed the biological activities of miR-646 in cell proliferation and migration. It is worth noting that miR-646 overexpression blocked the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, and this was partly abrogated by GPX1. 740Y-P, a PI3K agonist abolished the effects of miR-646 on cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, miR-646 prohibited the proliferation and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway via targeting GPX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanju Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - E Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Junhua Wang
- Nursing Department, Shiyan Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shouping Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xianhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shouheng Deng
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Piscitello GM, Lamadrid VJ, Post Z, Kaur R, Gulczynski B, Baldeo R, Hudoba C, O'Mahony S, Chen E, Greenberg J. The Effect of Triggered Palliative Medicine Consults on Nurse Moral Distress in the Medical Intensive Care Unit. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021; 39:1039-1045. [PMID: 34587825 DOI: 10.1177/10499091211049398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Moral distress in the intensive care unit contributes to negative emotional experiences in nurses and adversely affects patient care. This prospective cohort study evaluates an intervention designed to improve nurse moral distress in the medical intensive care unit and assesses patient outcomes which may improve moral distress. METHODS Nurse moral distress was measured before and after an intervention of triggered palliative consults and scheduled family meetings in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient outcomes in the intervention medical intensive care unit were compared to a control group. RESULTS Forty-eight nurses (n = 48/78, 62%) completed the pre-intervention survey and 33 (n = 33/78, 42%) completed the post-intervention survey. Nurse moral distress using the MMD-HP scale pre- and post-intervention (122.5 vs. 134.0, P = 0.1210) was not statistically different. Intervention group patients (n = 57/64, 89%) had earlier transition to do not resuscitate status (hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.0, P = 0.0294), higher rate of documented alternate decision makers (100% vs. 61%, P < 0.0001), and higher rate discharged to a facility (28% vs. 14%) or hospice (19% vs. 7%) (P = 0.0090). Intervention group patients with a do not resuscitate (DNR) order had lower median length of stay in the intensive care unit (4 days vs. 13 days, P = 0.0004) and hospital (10 days vs. 21 days, P = 0.0005), and lower median total hospital costs per patient ($39,067 vs. $116,476, P = 0.0029) when compared control group patients with a DNR order. CONCLUSION Triggered palliative consults with scheduled family meetings were not associated with change in nurse moral distress. More research is needed to uncover methods to improve nurse moral distress in the intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M Piscitello
- Section of Palliative Medicine and Division of Hospital Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vivien Joy Lamadrid
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zoë Post
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Barbara Gulczynski
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Baldeo
- Section of Palliative Medicine and Division of Hospital Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christine Hudoba
- Section of Palliative Medicine and Division of Hospital Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sean O'Mahony
- Section of Palliative Medicine and Division of Hospital Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elaine Chen
- Section of Palliative Medicine and Division of Hospital Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Are co-last authors
| | - Jared Greenberg
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Are co-last authors
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Allen M, Espin-Garcia O, Suzuki C, Panov E, Ma L, Yvonne B, Jang R, Chen E, Darling G, Yeung J, Swallow C, Brar S, Kalimuthu S, Wong R, Veit-Haibach P, Elimova E. 1406P Survival outcomes in older adults with metastatic gastric and esophageal carcinoma receiving palliative chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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47
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Chen E, Zhu Y, Zhu G, Liang K, Feng R. How to implement secure cloud file sharing using optimized attribute-based access control with small policy matrix and minimized cumulative errors. Comput Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2021.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shi K, Liang B, Guo Q, Zhao Y, Sharif HMA, Li Z, Chen E, Wang A. Accelerated bioremediation of a complexly contaminated river sediment through ZVI-electrode combined stimulation. J Hazard Mater 2021; 413:125392. [PMID: 33609875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Complexly contaminated river sediment caused by reducible and oxidizable organic pollutants is a growing global concern due to the adverse influence on ecosystem safety and planetary health. How to strengthen indigenous microbial metabolic activity to enhance biodegradation and mineralization efficiency of refractory composite pollutants is critical but poorly understood in environmental biotechnology. Here, a synergetic biostimulation coupling electrode with zero-valent iron (ZVI) was investigated for the bioremediation of river sediments contaminated by 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP, reducible pollutant) and hydrocarbons (oxidizable pollutants). The bioremediation efficiency of ZVI based biostimulation coupling electrode against TBP debromination and hydrocarbons degradation were 1.1-3 times higher than the electrode used solely, which was attributed to the shape of distinctive microbial communities and the enrichment of potential dehalogenators (like Desulfovibrio, Desulfomicrobium etc.). The sediment microbial communities were significantly positively correlated with the enhanced degradation efficiencies of TBP and hydrocarbons (P < 0.05). Moreover, the coupled system predominately increased positive microbial interactions in the ecological networks. The possible mutual relationship between microbes i.e., Thiobacillus (iron-oxidizing bacteria) and Desulfovibrio (dehalogenator) as well as Pseudomonas (electroactive bacteria) and Clostridium (hydrocarbons degraders) were revealed. This study proposed a promising approach for efficient bioremediation of complexly contaminated river sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Qiu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Youkang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | | | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - E Chen
- The Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Chen E, Cai K, Liu X, Wu S, Wu Z, Ma M, Chen B, Zhao Z. Label-Free Ratiometric Upconversion Nanoprobe for Spatiotemporal pH Mapping in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6895-6900. [PMID: 33904297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sensing and imaging pH inside living cells are of paramount importance for better penetrating cellular functions and disease diagnostics. Herein, we engineered an original pH sensor by a simple one-step self-assembly of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylated phospholipid (DSPE-PEG) and a phenol red small molecule on the surface of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to form a phospholipid monolayer for sensing and imaging the change of intracellular pH. The sensor showed excellent reversibility and rapid response to the pH variations. Furthermore, this pH sensing system could measure spatial and temporal pH changes during endocytosis and interrogate the pH fluctuations inside cells under external stimuli. Our experimental results revealed that the pH sensor was able to map spatial and temporal pH fluctuations inside living cells, showing its potential application in diagnostics and pH-related study of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ke Cai
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zhan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, and Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Basile M, Jojan L, Hobler MR, Dellon EP, Georgiopoulos AM, Goggin JL, Chen E, Goss CH, Hempstead SE, Faro A, Kavalieratos D. Assessing Practices, Beliefs, and Attitudes about Palliative Care among People with Cystic Fibrosis, Their Caregivers, and Clinicians: Results of a Content Analysis. J Palliat Med 2021; 24:1650-1656. [PMID: 33885355 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2020.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience symptoms affecting quality of life and may benefit from palliative care (PC). Objectives: To present results of content analysis from open-ended survey questions assessing knowledge and experiences with PC among CF stakeholders. Design, Setting, Subjects: Online surveys were sent to CF stakeholders through CF-specific listservs predominantly in the United States. Measurements: Responses to five open-ended questions about CF PC-delivery, health care provider training, and lung transplant-underwent content analysis. Responses were coded using NVivo12 Software™. Results: Forty-eight CF adults, 59 caregivers, and 229 providers responded to the open-ended survey questions. Analysis showed 5 primary categories related to CF PC: (1) stakeholder perceptions of PC for CF, (2) delivering PC to people with CF, (3) conversations about PC for CF, (4) perceptions that PC services are underutilized for people with CF, and (5) beliefs that PC services are critical for people with CF considering or pursuing lung transplant. Analysis showed variation among and within groups in defining PC for CF, when, and how to deliver it. Many respondents felt PC was underutilized in CF. Most saw PC as particularly important when considering lung transplant, managing anxiety around transplant, and for goals of care discussions. Some believed PC and lung transplant were mutually exclusive. Conclusion: Respondents felt PC is underutilized for CF, and that people with CF may miss out on the benefits of PC. Among stakeholders, respondents felt people with CF would benefit from access to primary and secondary PC services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lincy Jojan
- Molloy College, Rockville Centre, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elaine Chen
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Albert Faro
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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