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Fang V, Haynes ME, Hayashi V, Arias E, Lavine JA, Sullivan DP, Muller WA. Methods for Imaging Inflammation and Transendothelial Migration in Vivo and ex Vivo. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e739. [PMID: 37078364 PMCID: PMC10309184 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the body's response to injury and harmful stimuli and contributes to a range of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Inflammation occurs through a series of well-defined leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, including rolling, activation, adhesion, transmigration, and subsequent migration through the extracellular matrix. Being able to visualize the stages of inflammation is important for a better understanding of its role in diseases processes. Detailed in this article are protocols for imaging immune cell infiltration and transendothelial migration in vascular tissue beds, including those in the mouse ear, cremaster muscle, brain, lung, and retina. Also described are protocols for inducing inflammation and quantifying leukocytes with FIJI imaging software. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Induction of croton oil dermatitis Alternate Protocol 1: Induction of croton oil dermatitis using genetically fluorescent mice Basic Protocol 2: Intravital microscopy of the mouse cremaster muscle Support Protocol: Making a silicone stage Basic Protocol 3: Wide-field microscopy of the mouse brain Basic Protocol 4: Imaging the lungs (ex vivo) Alternate Protocol 2: Inflating the lungs without tracheostomy Basic Protocol 5: Inducing, imaging, and quantifying infiltration of leukocytes in mouse retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivienne Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maureen E Haynes
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vanessa Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Erika Arias
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeremy A Lavine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Nadkarni NA, Arias E, Fang R, Haynes ME, Zhang HF, Muller WA, Batra A, Sullivan DP. Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM/CD31) Blockade Modulates Neutrophil Recruitment Patterns and Reduces Infarct Size in Experimental Ischemic Stroke. Am J Pathol 2022; 192:1619-1632. [PMID: 35952762 PMCID: PMC9667712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI) has been implicated as a critical component of inflammatory damage following ischemic stroke. However, successful blockade of PMN transendothelial migration (TEM) in preclinical studies has not translated to meaningful clinical outcomes. To investigate this further, leukocyte infiltration patterns were quantified, and these patterns were modulated by blocking platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM), a key regulator of TEM. LysM-eGFP mice and microscopy were used to visualize all myeloid leukocyte recruitment following ischemia/reperfusion. Visual examination showed heterogeneous leukocyte distribution across the infarct at both 24 and 72 hours after I/RI. A semiautomated process was designed to precisely map PMN position across brain sections. Treatment with PECAM function-blocking antibodies did not significantly affect total leukocyte recruitment but did alter their distribution, with more observed at the cortex at both early and later time points (24 hours: 89% PECAM blocked vs. 72% control; 72 hours: 69% PECAM blocked vs. 51% control). This correlated with a decrease in infarct volume. These findings suggest that TEM, in the setting of I/RI in the cerebrovasculature, occurs primarily at the cortical surface. The reduction of stroke size with PECAM blockade suggests that infiltrating PMNs may exacerbate I/RI and indicate the potential therapeutic benefit of regulating the timing and pattern of leukocyte infiltration after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil A Nadkarni
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Erika Arias
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Raymond Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maureen E Haynes
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hao F Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William A Muller
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ayush Batra
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David P Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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Arias E, Nadkarni N, Fang R, Haynes M, Batra A, Muller W, Sullivan D. Inhibition of PECAM-1 Significantly Delays Leukocyte Extravasation into the Subcortex Post-Stroke. FASEB J 2022; 36 Suppl 1. [PMID: 35723884 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r5646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current therapies for ischemic stroke focus on reperfusion but do not address the acute inflammatory response that results in significant reperfusion injury. To advance future therapies, a thorough understanding of the precise spatiotemporal underpinnings of leukocyte extravasation and infiltration is necessary. We describe the evolution of the inflammatory response in a mouse transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) stroke model at several time points after reperfusion and the modulation of this response with PECAM blockade. METHODS The transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion model (90 minutes of ischemia followed by reperfusion) was used to simulate large vessel occlusion stroke and recanalization. We used wide field and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy to examine the exact distribution of neutrophils with close examination of the leukocyte position with regard to the brain vasculature and the perivascular space. Flow cytometry of single cell suspensions was used to confirm cell identity at different time points post-stroke. RESULTS Large ischemic strokes involving both the subcortex and cortex (over 20% of the ischemic hemisphere) were induced in mice. At 12 and 24 hours, leukocyte recruitment and extravasation was primarily localized to the cortical surface. This contrasts with other organs where there is considerable migration of neutrophils deep into the inflamed tissue by 24 hours. Flow cytometry showed at 24 hours a majority of leukocytes were neutrophils. Over 48 to 72 hours, leukocytes were increasingly found deeper into the subcortex. Throughout the infarct (determined with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining), leukocyte recruitment was not uniform but rather organized in clusters. Disrupting leukocyte diapedesis with PECAM function-blocking monoclonal antibody restricted leukocytes to within 500 microns of the surface when compared to control; and this was still evident at 72 hours (n=3 mice per group, p<0.01, Control 46% ± 4.0 %; PECAM-1 Ab 62% ± 5.0%). High-resolution wide-field microscopy confirmed inhibition of TEM by PECAM-1 blockade at 24 hours. Flow cytometry showed approximately equal numbers of monocytes and neutrophils at 72 hours. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that leukocyte infiltration into a stroke evolves over several days following reperfusion. The use of PECAM blockade modulates the natural progression of leukocytes into the infarcted stroke bed. A better understanding of leukocyte spatiotemporal infiltration and its regulators could help inform the next generation of therapeutic interventions.
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Nadkarni N, Arias E, Fang R, Batra A, Muller W, Sullivan D. Neutrophil Distribution in the Post Stroke Brain Evolves Dramatically Over Time and can be Modulated by Disrupting PECAM Function. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raymond Fang
- Biomedical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL
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Dong S, Aguirre-Hernandez C, Scrivo A, Eliscovich C, Arias E, Bravo-Cordero JJ, Cuervo AM. Monitoring spatiotemporal changes in chaperone-mediated autophagy in vivo. Nat Commun 2020; 11:645. [PMID: 32005807 PMCID: PMC6994528 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy malfunctioning occurs in multiple human disorders, making attractive the idea of chemically modulating it with therapeutic purposes. However, for many types of autophagy, a clear understanding of tissue-specific differences in their activity and regulation is missing because of lack of methods to monitor these processes in vivo. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a selective type of autophagy that until now has only been studied in vitro and not in the tissue context at single cell resolution. Here, we develop a transgenic reporter mouse that allows dynamic measurement of CMA activity in vivo using image-based procedures. We identify previously unknown spatial and temporal differences in CMA activity in multiple organs and in response to stress. We illustrate the versatility of this model for monitoring CMA in live animals, organotypic cultures and cell cultures from these mice, and provide practical examples of multiorgan response to drugs that modulate CMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dong
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - C Aguirre-Hernandez
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
| | - A Scrivo
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - C Eliscovich
- Department of Medicine Marion Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, 10461, NY, USA
| | - E Arias
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine Marion Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, 10461, NY, USA.
| | - J J Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA.
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA.
| | - A M Cuervo
- Department of Development and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA.
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Reich E, Torres C, Halac E, Arias E, Pless S. Compromise of self awareness and disease perception in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Perlman GD, Berman L, Alameda M, Arias E, Pawlowicz G, Yogerst E. Land Reuse Site Screening Tool Cohorts: Creating Land Reuse Site Inventories. J Environ Health 2018; 81:40-43. [PMID: 34413539 PMCID: PMC8372550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As part of our continued effort to highlight innovative approaches to improve the health and environment of communities, the Journal is pleased to publish a bimonthly column from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). ATSDR serves the public by using the best science, taking responsive public health actions, and providing trusted health information to prevent harmful exposures and diseases related to toxic substances. The purpose of this column is to inform readers of ATSDR's activities and initiatives to better understand the relationship between exposure to hazardous substances in the environment, its impact on human health, and how to protect public health. The conclusions of this column are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of ATSDR or CDC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Yogerst
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
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Beyaz S, Mana MD, Roper J, Kedrin D, Saadatpour A, Hong SJ, Bauer-Rowe KE, Xifaras ME, Akkad A, Arias E, Pinello L, Katz Y, Shinagare S, Abu-Remaileh M, Mihaylova MM, Lamming DW, Dogum R, Guo G, Bell GW, Selig M, Nielsen GP, Gupta N, Ferrone CR, Deshpande V, Yuan GC, Orkin SH, Sabatini DM, Yilmaz ÖH. Author Correction: High-fat diet enhances stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors. Nature 2018; 560:E26. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zavanella T, Arias E, Zaffaroni NP. Preliminary Study on the Carcinogenic Activity of the Fungicide Manganese Ethylenebisdithiocarbamate in the Adult Newt, Triturus Cristatus Carnifex. Tumori 2018; 65:163-7. [PMID: 462568 DOI: 10.1177/030089167906500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous exposure of adult newts to the fungicide manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (maneb) at 3 concentration levels (0.5, 2.5 and 5.0 ppm) for a total of 19-23 weeks did not result in the induction of any neoplasms.
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Flores J, Pérez F, Jiménez-Barrera R, Arias E, Moggio I, Torres R, Rodríguez G, Ottonelli M, Ziolo R. Synthesis and photophysical properties of ferrocene -oligo(benzoateethynylene)- fulleropyrrolidines dyads and triads. Implications in photovoltaic cells. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Reich E, Torres C, Arias E, Carlino M, Halac E, Ceruzzi R. Alzheimer´s disease: Is stress a potential risk factor? J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vilardell P, Canal E, Berenguel M, Paz Bermejo M, Arias E, Loma-Osorio P, Brugada R. P2494Long-term benefits of cardiac rehabilitation: a three-year follow-up study. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Arias E, Florez E, Pérez–Torres JF. Algorithm based on the Thomson problem for determination of equilibrium structures of metal nanoclusters. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:244107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4984049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Arias
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - E. Florez
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - J. F. Pérez–Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
- Escuela de Qumica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Neira M, Lopez Doriga P, Arias E, Gomez Cerezo J, Bielza R. P-220: Prognostic factors related to functional recovery after hip fracture. Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gutiérrez A, Vázquez R, Moggio I, Arias E, Coreño O, Maldonado J, Ramos-Ortíz G, Rodríguez O, Jiménez-Barrera R. Mechanosynthesis of a phenylenedivinylidenebisquinoline. Optical, morphological and electroluminescence properties. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Meza D, Arias E, Moggio I, Romero J, Mata JM, Jiménez-Barrera RM, Ziolo RF, Rodríguez O, Ottonelli M. Synthesis and photophysical and supramolecular study of π-conjugated (diethylene glycol methyl ether) benzoateethynylene oligomers and polymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01516a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strong π–π interaction that governs (diethylene glycol methyl ether) benzoateethynylene macromolecules was evidenced by X-ray scattering and HRTEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Meza
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - E. Arias
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - I. Moggio
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - J. Romero
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - J. M. Mata
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | | | - R. F. Ziolo
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - O. Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA)
- Saltillo
- México
| | - M. Ottonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Universitá di Genova
- 16146 Genoa
- Italy
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Krawitzky M, Arias E, Peiro J, Negueruela A, Val J, Oria R. Determination of Color, Antioxidant Activity, and Phenolic Profile of Different Fruit Tissue of Spanish ‘Verde Doncella’ Apple Cultivar. International Journal of Food Properties 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2013.792829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ryan JG, Buford U, Arias E, Alfonsin-Vittoria I, Fedders M, Jennings T, Grubb W. Participation in and Impact of a Depression Care Management Program Targeting Low-Income Minority Patients in an Urban Community-Based Clinic. Clin Ther 2014; 36:778-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Arias E. American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2013 Annual Meeting (ASBMR), Baltimore, Maryland, USA - October 4-7, 2013. DRUG FUTURE 2013. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2013.038.11.2086177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Querri A, Ohkado A, Poblete R, Agujo P, Tang F, Arias E, Medina A, Mantala M, Vianzon R, Lagahid J, Shimouchi A. Tuberculosis Diagnostic Committees' contribution to the National TB Program in Manila and Quezon Cities. Public Health Action 2012; 2:82-6. [PMID: 26392958 DOI: 10.5588/pha.12.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING The Philippines Tuberculosis Diagnostic Committees (TBDCs) were created to improve the quality of diagnosis of sputum smear-negative chest radiography suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis (sn-PTB). OBJECTIVE To determine current TBDC activities, obstacles and possible solutions for improvements in the quality of diagnosis of sn-PTB in Manila City and Quezon City. DESIGN A descriptive review of TBDC Masterlist records and interviews with TBDC members using a semi-structured questionnaire. RESULTS A record review of nine of 10 TBDCs was conducted, with interviews of 33 of the 49 current members. During the second and third quarters of 2009, respectively 1142 and 1563 sn-PTB cases were evaluated by the TBDCs in both cities. Of these, 53% in Manila City and 65% in Quezon City were classified as active TB patients. There were significant variations in the percentage of patients recommended for anti-tuberculosis treatment by the TBDC. The participation of its members is based on their expressed commitment to program sustainability. CONCLUSION TBDC activities contribute to TB control in the Philippines by ensuring the judicious use of resources. Further research to assess the contributions of TBDCs in reducing diagnostic and treatment delays, and factors affecting the sustainability of the TBDCs, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Querri
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis/Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Philippines, Inc., Manila, The Philippines
| | - A Ohkado
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis/Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Philippines, Inc., Manila, The Philippines
| | - R Poblete
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis/Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Philippines, Inc., Manila, The Philippines
| | - P Agujo
- Manila City Health Department, Manila, The Philippines
| | - F Tang
- Quezon City Health Department, Quezon, The Philippines
| | - E Arias
- Quezon City Health Department, Quezon, The Philippines
| | - A Medina
- Center for Health Development, National Capital Region, Department of Health, Mandaluyong, The Philippines
| | - M Mantala
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis/Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Philippines, Inc., Manila, The Philippines
| | - R Vianzon
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health, Manila, The Philippines
| | - J Lagahid
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health, Manila, The Philippines
| | - A Shimouchi
- Research Institute of Tuberculosis/Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association Philippines, Inc., Manila, The Philippines
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Reich E, Arias E, Kerszberg M. Anosognosia and Multiple Sclerosis (P02.037). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Arias E, Vasiliou S, Cole P. Highlights from the Annual Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) 2011: Visionary Genomics. DRUG FUTURE 2011. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2011.036.12.1727785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mougel D, Arias E, Hirlet S, Gomez E, Chabot F. « LEGENDAIR », Société COVIDIEN (AIROX). Rev Mal Respir 2009; 26:904-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(09)73687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Giorgetti E, Giusti A, Arias E, Moggio I, Ledezma A, Romero J, Saba M, Quochi F, Marceddu M, Gocalinska A, Mura A, Bongiovanni G. In Situ Production of Polymer-Capped Silver Nanoparticles for Optical Biosensing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200950922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mougel D, Arias E, Kheir A, Guillaumot A, Chabot F. « HELIA 2 », Société RESMED (SAIME). Rev Mal Respir 2009; 26:681-2. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(09)74698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Arias E, González A, Shimada A, Varela-Echavarria A, Ruiz-López F, During A, Mora O. β-Carotene is incorporated or mobilized along with triglycerides in bovine adipose tissue in response to insulin or epinephrine. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2009; 93:83-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gonzalez J, Arias E, Salvador M, Oria R. Modeling of Changes in Atmosphere Composition in Fresh-cut Peach Packages due to Temperature Fluctuations. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013208095326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Storage temperature is not always constant in the distribution chain of modified atmosphere fresh food packages. A change in temperature means an alteration in the respiration rate of the product and in the gas transmission rates through the film. Because of their high metabolic activity, minimally processed products are particularly sensitive to temperature variation, and hence this study has been carried out with five cultivars of fresh-cut peaches (Prunus persica). Their respiratory activity has been determined by a closed system at 4, 15, and 25 °C. The peach segments are wrapped in microperforated films whose transmission rate is determined according to the size of the microperforations (between 100 × 130 μm and 215 × 190 μm). To quantify the effect of temperature fluctuations (5 h at 25 °C) on the O2 and CO2 concentrations of the packaging atmosphere of the product, a mathematical model has been applied. Using experimental data, it has been established that the rate of O2 consumption is a potential function of the O2 concentration, while the production of CO2 is linear. Although, all cultivars are of nonmelting fresh with no big differences in respiratory activity; these differences are accentuated with O2 concentrations greater than 10% and raising the temperature. The solution of the model provides knowledge of the behavior of the product during its nonstationary period and equilibrium once reached. The results show in all cases that the CO 2 concentration is more sensitive (increase of 5 units) to a break in the cold chain than that of O2 (reduction of 2 units).
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Vegetal Food, University of Zaragoza,
Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E. Arias
- Laboratory of Vegetal Food, University of Zaragoza,
Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M.L. Salvador
- Laboratory of Vegetal Food, University of Zaragoza,
Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain,
| | - R. Oria
- Laboratory of Vegetal Food, University of Zaragoza,
Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Núñez LM, Muggeri A, Arias E, Taratuto AL, Sevlever G, Diez B, Martinetto H. EGFR/AKT pathways alterations in gliomas. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Arias E, González J, Peiró JM, Oria R, Lopez-Buesa P. Browning Prevention by Ascorbic Acid and 4-Hexylresorcinol: Different Mechanisms of Action on Polyphenol Oxidase in the Presence and in the Absence of Substrates. J Food Sci 2007; 72:C464-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Arias E, González J, Oria R, Lopez-Buesa P. Ascorbic Acid and 4-Hexylresorcinol Effects on Pear PPO and PPO Catalyzed Browning Reaction. J Food Sci 2007; 72:C422-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dominguez-Chávez JG, Lijanova I, Moggio I, Arias E, Vazquez-Garcia RA, Reyes-Valderrama Ma I, Klimova T, Gutierrez-Nava M, Martínez-García M. Synthesis of fluorescent dendrimers with an oligo(phenylenevinylene) core. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2007; 7:2758-66. [PMID: 17685294 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2007.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel fluorescent dendrimers of first, second, and third generation bearing a conjugated oligo(phenylenevinylene) (OPV) core and peripherial allyl chains as dendrons have been synthesized by a convergent method. The compounds have been fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, FTIR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF or FAB+ mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All dendrimers showed in solution a blue fluorescence with a maximum wavelength at 444-446 nm and can be deposited as thin films emitting in the blue-green region. The most homogeneous films were obtained for the second generation dendrimer which also exhibits the higher quantum yield in solution. These properties make it a possible candidate for application in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Dominguez-Chávez
- Instituto de Quimica, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, CP 04510, México DF, Mexico
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Varón R, Minaya-Pacheco MA, García-Molina F, Arribas E, Arias E, Masiá J, García-Sevilla F. Competitive and uncompetitive inhibitors simultaneously acting on an autocatalytic zymogen activation reaction. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2007; 21:635-45. [PMID: 17252936 DOI: 10.1080/14756360600858562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The time course of the residual enzyme activity of a general model consisting of an autocatalytic zymogen activation process inhibited by an irreversible competitive inhibitor and an irreversible uncompetitive inhibitor has been studied. Approached analytical expressions which furnish the time course of the residual enzyme activity from the onset of the reaction depending on the rate constants and initial concentration have been obtained. The goodness and limitations of the analytical equations were checked by comparing with the results obtained from the numerical integration, i.e. with the simulated progress curves. A dimensionless parameter giving the relative contributions of both the activation and the inhibitions routes is suggested, so that the value of this parameter determines whether the activation or the inhibitions routes prevail or if both processes are balanced during the time for which the analytical expressions are valid. The effects of the initial zymogen, free enzyme and inhibitors concentrations are analysed. Finally an experimental design and kinetic data analysis is proposed to evaluate simultaneously the kinetic parameters involved and to discriminate between different zymogen activation processes which can be considered particular cases of the general model.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Varón
- Departamento de Química-Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
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Hernández Fernaud J, Carnicero A, Perestelo F, Hernández Cutuli M, Arias E, Falcón M. Upgrading of an industrial lignin by using laccase produced by Fusarium proliferatum and different laccase-mediator systems. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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YangI. Dı́az C, Arias E, Leal J, Remohi J, Garcia-Velasco J. Fresh vs frozen testicular sperm: The experience from 1142 cycles. Fertil Steril 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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Hoyert DL, Arias E, Smith BL, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD. Deaths: final data for 1999. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2001; 49:1-113. [PMID: 11591077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This report presents final 1999 data on U.S. deaths and death rates according to demographic and medical characteristics. Trends and patterns in general mortality, life expectancy, and infant and maternal mortality are also described. A previous report presented preliminary mortality data for 1999. METHODS In 1999 a total of 2,391,399 deaths were reported in the United States. This report presents tabulations of information reported on the death certificates completed by funeral directors, attending physicians, medical examiners, and coroners. Original records are filed in the State registration offices. Statistical information is compiled into a national data base through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For the first time in a final mortality data report, age-adjusted death rates are based upon the year 2000 population and causes of death are processed in accordance with the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). RESULTS The 1999 age-adjusted death rate for the United States was 881.9 deaths per 100,000 standard population, a 0.7 percent increase from the 1998 rate, and life expectancy at birth remained the same at 76.7 years. For all causes of death, age-specific death rates rose for those 45-54 years, 75-84 years, and 85 years and over and declined for a number of age groups including those 5-14 years, 55-64 years, and 65-74 years. Aortic aneurysm and dissection made its debut in the list of leading causes of death and atherosclerosis exited from the list. Heart disease and cancer continued to be the leading and second leading causes of death. The age-adjusted death rate for firearm injuries decreased for the sixth consecutive year, declining 6.2 percent between 1998 and 1999. The infant mortality rate, 7.1 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, was not statistically different from the rate in 1998. CONCLUSIONS Generally, mortality continued long-term trends. Life expectancy in 1999 was unchanged from 1998 despite a slight increase in the age-adjusted death rate from the record low achieved in 1998. Although statistically unchanged from 1998, the trend in infant mortality has been of a steady but slowing decline. Some mortality measures for women and persons 85 years and over worsened between 1998 and 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arias
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 26, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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Jiménez JJ, Bernal JL, del Nozal MJ, Toribio L, Arias E. Analysis of pesticide residues in wine by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with electron capture and nitrogen-phosphorus detection. J Chromatogr A 2001; 919:147-56. [PMID: 11459301 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A feasible and reproducible method for multiresidue analysis of several common pesticides, of different polarities, in wine samples is proposed. The method combines a solid-phase extraction on polymeric cartridges eluted with ethyl acetate and a gas chromatographic determination using electron capture and nitrogen-phosphorus detection. To avoid the matrix effect, previous washing of the cartridges with a mixture of water-2-propanol (90:10) and further clean-up of the extract on Florisil cartridges, together with a calibration using spiked extracts, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Spain
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Fabbro De Suasnábar D, Arias E, Streiger M, Piacenza M, Ingaramo M, Del Barco M, Amicone N. Evolutive behavior towards cardiomyopathy of treated (nifurtimox or benznidazole) and untreated chronic chagasic patients. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2000; 42:99-109. [PMID: 10810325 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652000000200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare the evolution of chronic chagasic untreated patients (UTPs) with that of benznidazole or nifurtimox-treated patients (TPs). A longitudinal study from a low endemic area (Santa Fe city, Argentina) was performed during an average period of 14 years. Serological and parasitological analyses with clinical exams, ECG and X-chest ray were carried out. At the onset, 19/198 infected patients showed chagasic cardiomyopathy (CrChM) while 179 were asymptomatic. In this latter group the frequency of CrChM during the follow-up was lower in TPs compared with UTPs (3.2% vs 7%). Within the CrChM group, 2/5 TPs showed aggravated myopathy whereas this happened in 9/14 UTPs. Comparing the clinical evolution of all patients, 5.9% of TPs and 13% of UTPs had unfavourable evolution, but the difference is not statistically relevant. Serological titers were assessed by IIF. Titers equal to or lower than 1/64 were obtained in 86% of the TPs, but only in 38% of UTPs. The differences were statistically significant (geometric mean: 49.36 vs. 98.2). Antiparasitic assessment of the drugs (xenodiagnosis) proved to be effective. The low sensitivity in chronic chagasic patients must be born in mind. Despite treated patients showed a better clinical evolution and lower antibody levels than untreated ones, it is necessary to carry on doing research in order to improve therapeutic guidelines, according to the risk/benefit equation and based on scientific and ethical principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fabbro De Suasnábar
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Endemias Nacionales, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Grimm DR, Arias E, Lesser M, Bauman WA, Almenoff PL. Airway hyperresponsiveness to ultrasonically nebulized distilled water in subjects with tetraplegia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1999; 86:1165-9. [PMID: 10194198 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.4.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of otherwise healthy subjects with chronic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) demonstrate airway hyperresponsiveness to aerosolized methacholine or histamine. The present study was performed to determine whether ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (UNDW) induces airway hyperresponsiveness and to further elucidate potential mechanisms in this population. Fifteen subjects with SCI, nine with tetraplegia (C4-7) and six with paraplegia (T9-L1), were initially exposed to UNDW for 30 s; spirometry was performed immediately and again 2 min after exposure. The challenge continued by progressively increasing exposure time until the forced expiratory volume in 1 s decreased 20% or more from baseline (PD20) or the maximal exposure time was reached. Five subjects responding to UNDW returned for a second challenge 30 min after inhalation of aerosolized ipratropium bromide (2.5 ml of a 0.6% solution). Eight of nine subjects with tetraplegia had significant bronchoconstrictor responses to UNDW (geometric mean PD20 = 7.76 +/- 7.67 ml), whereas none with paraplegia demonstrated a response (geometric mean PD20 = 24 ml). Five of the subjects with tetraplegia who initially responded to distilled water (geometric mean PD20 = 5.99 +/- 4.47 ml) were not responsive after pretreatment with ipratropium bromide (geometric mean PD20 = 24 ml). Findings that subjects with tetraplegia are hyperreactive to UNDW, a physicochemical agent, combined with previous observations of hyperreactivity to methacholine and histamine, suggest that overall airway hyperresponsiveness in these individuals is a nonspecific phenomenon similar to that observed in patients with asthma. The ability of ipratropium bromide to completely block UNDW-induced bronchoconstriction suggests that, in part, airway hyperresponsiveness in subjects with tetraplegia represents unopposed parasympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Grimm
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx 10468, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Cabeza M, Miranda R, Arias E, Diaz de Leon L. Inhibitory effect of propranolol on lipid synthesis in gonadectomized male hamster flank organs. Arch Med Res 1999; 29:291-5. [PMID: 9887545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the inhibitory effect produced by propranolol pre-treatment on lipid synthesis in flank organs from intact, gonadectomized, and isoproterenol-treated male hamsters. Furthermore, the effect induced by the same treatments on gland sebum composition is reported. METHODS Different groups of male hamsters were injected daily with propranolol, isoproterenol or propranolol plus isoproterenol. Treatment-effect was evaluated determining the in vitro incorporation of radioactive acetate into lipids in hamster flank organs from intact and castrated animals. Additionally, radiolabeled lipids were isolated and identified using TLC and autoradiography as methods. RESULTS Results demonstrate that castration significantly decreases lipid synthesis in male hamster flank organs. In addition, propranolol treatment inhibits such synthesis in glands from intact, gonadectomized, and isoproterenol-treated animals. However, isoproterenol treatment was ineffective when compared to intact or gonadectomized control vehicle-treated animals. Lipid classes isolated and identified lipids either in castrated or in drug-treated animals were phospholipids, cholesterol, monoglycerides, fatty acids, waxes and cholesterol esters. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate an inhibitory effect induced on lipid synthesis by beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists; however, beta-adrenergic agonists drugs do not stimulate it. Data suggest a permissive role of adrenergic hormones on lipid synthesis in intact and in gonadectomized animals. Furthermore, castration decreased the synthesis, suggesting that a tight coupling between beta-adrenergic receptors and androgen receptors may be a prerequisite for lipogenesis in this tissue. Pre-treatment does not modify sebum composition in gonadectomized animal glands. These data support the evidence that activation of beta-adrenergic receptors could be an independent factor in the lipid composition regulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cabeza
- Departamentos de Sistemas Biológicos y de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, México, D.F.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arias
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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Zavanella T, Radaelli G, Girotti P, Arias E, Ameri L, Presta M, Mazzoleni G, Ragnotti G. Evaluation of the tumor-promoting activity of two beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents, propranolol and atenolol, in liver of Fischer 344 rats. Carcinogenesis 1994; 15:2531-9. [PMID: 7955102 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/15.11.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-promoting activity of two beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents, propranolol and atenolol, was tested in a two-stage protocol of hepatocarcinogenesis in male and female Fischer 344 rats. Propranolol is a lipophilic non-selective beta-blocker mainly eliminated via the liver; atenolol is a hydrophilic beta 1-selective blocking agent, mainly eliminated via the kidney. Animals were initiated with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg, i.p.) and, after 17 days of recovery, were continuously treated with propranolol (75-100 mg/kg) or atenolol (300 mg/kg) by gavage for up to 21 months. Rats given phenobarbital (0.05% in the diet) were used as positive controls. After 2, 4 and 8 months of promotion, preneoplastic lesions were quantified by staining sections of liver for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). In non-initiated rats, neither propranolol nor atenolol influenced the development of spontaneous preneoplastic or neoplastic liver lesions. The results obtained in DEN-initiated rats given propranolol cannot be unequivocally interpreted. In the male, propranolol seemed to be ineffective. In the female, there was weak enhancement of DEN-induced GGT foci at 4 and 8 months and of neoplastic lesions thereafter. However, there was great interindividual variability in focus and tumor yields. Unfortunately, due to the high incidence of liver tumors in rats given DEN alone and the small number of propranolol-treated rats that survived until the end of the experiment, no definite conclusion can be drawn about the modifying potential of this beta-blocker on liver carcinogenesis. There was no evidence of liver tumor promotion in DEN-initiated rats of either sex given atenolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zavanella
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Milan, Italy
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Miranda-Ruiz R, Castañón-González J, Pérez Aldana C, Arias E, Díaz de León Ponce M, Zárate A. [Effect of a synthetic somatostatin analogue with delayed action (SMS 201-995) on the biliary expenditure in a patient with an external biliary tract fistula]. Rev Gastroenterol Mex 1990; 55:67-9. [PMID: 2287871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effect of treatment with a long acting analogue of somatostatin (SMS 201-995) administered by subcutaneous route 165 micrograms every eight hours in a patient with a external biliary fistula is reported. There was a significant reduction of the daily fistula output during treatment when compared with the basal periods (p = 0.04), with an average decrease of 270 ml/day during the first period of treatment and 357 ml/day when the drug was administered the second time (p = 0.04). There where not changes in the chemical composition of the bile neither adverse side effects were observed during treatment. These results suggest that SMS 201-995 might be useful in the treatment of external biliary fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Miranda-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación de Endocrinología, IMSS, México, D.F
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Santagostino A, Colleoni M, Arias E, Pacces Zaffaroni N, Zavanella T. Changes in catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activities in the liver of newts exposed to 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). Pharmacol Toxicol 1989; 65:136-9. [PMID: 2813285 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1989.tb01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in livers of the crested newt (Urodele Amphibian) after 16 days of percutaneous exposure to the herbicide Agroxone 3, a commercial formulation of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) containing 25% MCPA as sodium salt and 75% wetting and dispersing ingredients. Animals of both sexes were exposed to 800 p.p.m. of the active ingredient. There was a three-fold increase in catalase and a clear enhancement of GSH-Px in the MCPA-exposed animals of both sexes. A sex-dependent effect of MCPA was observed on GST activity, which increased significantly in female newts only. Similar liver enzyme changes were observed in female newts, and not in males, given the hypolipidaemic drug clofibrate (13 mg/animal/day, by gavage, for 8 days), which is structurally related to phenoxyherbicides. These findings indicate that the crested newt is sensitive to the hepatic effects of the peroxisome proliferators.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santagostino
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Milano, Faculty of Science MMFFNN, Italy
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