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Belay TA, Lin FM, Lin CY, Hsiao HM, Chang MF, Liu JC. Reduction of concentrated nitrate by using in situ synthesized zero-valent copper. Water Sci Technol 2015; 72:960-965. [PMID: 26360756 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although zero-valent iron represents a promising approach for reduction of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) in water, its application in concentrated nitrate is limited by surface passivation. In this study, an alternative approach using in situ synthesized zero-valent copper (Cu(0)) produced by borohydride (NaBH(4)) was investigated. Complete reduction was observed within 55 min by reacting 677 mg-N/L of NO(3)(-) with CuO (0.312 g/L) and NaBH(4) (4.16 g/L) at 60 °C. The pseudo-first-order rate constant was 0.059 min(-1), and it increased threefold when the CuO dose was increased to 1.24 g/L. Increasing the NaBH(4) dose produced less nitrite (NO(2)(-)) throughout the experiments, indicating that it is the primary agent for reducing NO(2)(-). The initial pH exerted a significant effect on the reaction rate, and NO(3)(-) was rapidly reduced when the initial pH was less than 4. Based on the research findings, possible reaction pathways for NO(3)(-) reduction by Cu(0) are proposed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihitinna Asmellash Belay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan E-mail:
| | - F M Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan E-mail:
| | - C Y Lin
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, 1000 Wen-Hua Road, Chia-An Village, Lung-Tan District, Tao-Yuan City 32546, Taiwan
| | - H M Hsiao
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, 1000 Wen-Hua Road, Chia-An Village, Lung-Tan District, Tao-Yuan City 32546, Taiwan
| | - M F Chang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, 1000 Wen-Hua Road, Chia-An Village, Lung-Tan District, Tao-Yuan City 32546, Taiwan
| | - J C Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan E-mail:
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Law SL, Lo WY, Lin FM, Chiang CH. Compatibility Study of Propoxyphene HCL Solid Mixtures Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639048809151943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Siu LK, Lu PL, Chen JY, Lin FM, Chang SC. High-level expression of ampC beta-lactamase due to insertion of nucleotides between -10 and -35 promoter sequences in Escherichia coli clinical isolates: cases not responsive to extended-spectrum-cephalosporin treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47:2138-44. [PMID: 12821459 PMCID: PMC161857 DOI: 10.1128/aac.47.7.2138-2144.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Escherichia coli isolates were recovered from the blood of two cancer patients and were demonstrated to produce high levels of the AmpC beta-lactamase with isoelectric points of >9.0. The hypertranscription of ampC RNA was observed by Northern blot hybridization in both isolates. One isolate (isolate EC44) had a point mutation (G-->A at position -28) and insertion of thymidine between positions -20 and -19 of the ampC promoter gene (GenBank accession no. AE000487). The single nucleotide insertion of T between positions -19 and -20 created an optimal distance (17 bp) in the Pribnow box for ampC hyperproduction. The other isolate (isolate EC38) had two point mutations (G-->A at position -28 and C-->T at position +58) and a 2-base (GT) insertion between positions -14 and -15. Although the insertion of GT between positions -14 and -15 may create a new promoter next to the original promoter, cloning of the ampC region with truncated nucleotides of the original -35 region of EC38 failed to verify the hypothesis that a new promoter would be created by such a nucleotide insertion. Instead, multiple start sites for ampC transcription at -1, +1, +2, and +3 were observed in an S1 nuclease protection assay. These results suggest that the RNA polymerase is flexible in the selection of a start site in ampC hypertranscription. In conclusion, nucleotide insertions between the -35 and -10 ampC promoter sequences was the mechanism for the hyperproduction of AmpC beta-lactamase and resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins. The failure of the two patients to respond to treatment with oxyimino-cephalosporins highlights the important role of such a resistance mechanism in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Siu
- Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institutes, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Horng JT, Lin FM, Lin JH, Huang HD, Liu BJ. Database of repetitive elements in complete genomes and data mining using transcription factor binding sites. IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed 2003; 7:93-100. [PMID: 12834164 DOI: 10.1109/titb.2003.811878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 43% of the human genome is occupied by repetitive elements. Even more, around 51% of the rice genome is occupied by repetitive elements. The analysis presented here indicates that repetitive elements in complete genomes may have been very important in the evolutionary genomics. In this study, a database, called the Repeat Sequence Database, is first designed and implemented to store complete and comprehensive repetitive sequences. See http://rsdb.csie.ncu.edu.tw for more information. The database contains direct, inverted and palindromic repetitive sequences, and each repetitive sequence has a variable length ranging from seven to many hundred nucleotides. The repetitive sequences in the database are explored using a mathematical algorithm to mine rules on how combinations of individual binding sites are distributed among repetitive sequences in the database. Combinations of transcription factor binding sites in the repetitive sequences are obtained and then data mining techniques are applied to mine association rules from these combinations. The discovered associations are further pruned to remove insignificant associations and obtain a set of associations. The mined association rules facilitate efforts to identify gene classes regulated by similar mechanisms and accurately predict regulatory elements. Experiments are performed on several genomes including C. elegans, human chromosome 22, and yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorng-Tzong Horng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Central University, Jung-li City 320, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chyan CL, Tang TC, Chen Y, Liu H, Lin FM, Liu CK, Hsieh MJ, Shiao MS, Huang H, Lin TH. Letter to the editor: backbone 1H, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments of inhibitor-1--a protein inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1. J Biomol NMR 2001; 21:287-288. [PMID: 11775747 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012968805525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Wu TL, Siu LK, Su LH, Lauderdale TL, Lin FM, Leu HS, Lin TY, Ho M. Outer membrane protein change combined with co-existing TEM-1 and SHV-1 beta-lactamases lead to false identification of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001; 47:755-61. [PMID: 11389107 DOI: 10.1093/jac/47.6.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, obtained from one colonized and eight bacteraemic patients on a paediatric ward, were shown to be identical by PFGE, indicating an outbreak. Screening for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production using the double-disc synergy test, Etest for ESBLs and agar diffusion tests indicated ESBL production. The isolates showed reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime but not to other third-generation cephalosporins. Molecular studies revealed production of TEM-1 and SHV-1 but no ESBLs were identified. Deficiency in expression of an outer membrane protein (OmpK35) was also observed. These observations led us to postulate that the extremely low level of OmpK35 expression and the co-existence of TEM-1 and SHV-1 resulted in an increased MIC of cefotaxime and the false designation of the isolates as ESBL producers. All the infected infants were treated with either third-generation cephalosporins alone or multiple antibiotics including a third-generation cephalosporin, and recovered and were discharged without sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Wu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Huang HB, Chen YC, Horiuchi A, Tsai LH, Liu HT, Chyan CL, Hsieh MJ, Liu CK, Lin FM, Greengard P, Nairn AC, Shiao MS, Lin TH. Backbone 1H, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments of ARPP-19. J Biomol NMR 2001; 19:383-384. [PMID: 11370788 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011214512601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Wang CC, Siu LK, Chen MK, Yu YL, Lin FM, Ho M, Chu ML. Use of automated riboprinter and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for epidemiological studies of invasive Haemophilus influenzae in Taiwan. J Med Microbiol 2001; 50:277-283. [PMID: 11232775 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-50-3-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 87 invasive isolates of Haemophilus influenzae isolated throughout Taiwan from 1994 to 1998 was collected; 57 were from children <14 years old. In all, 60.9% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin and produced beta-lactamase. Ribotyping revealed six different profiles in 55 isolates of type b, nine profiles in 10 isolates of non-type b and 12 profiles in 22 isolates of non-typable H. influenzae. Among isolates from 35 cases of meningitis, 30 (86%) were in ribogroups 1, 2 and 3 with >90% genetic similarity. Compared with all the other ribogroups, ribogroups 1, 2 and 3, which encompassed all H. influenzae type b, were significantly more prevalent as a cause of meningitis in children <14 years old. Further subtyping of the predominant ribogroup by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) identified differences of 0-6 bands among these isolates of ribogroup 1, which indicated distant relatedness. Automated ribotyping was found to be a useful method and was less time-consuming for molecular epidemiology studies of H. influenzae. PFGE is suggested as an addition to ribotyping to improve discrimination if H. influenzae type b is involved. Differentiating ribogroups between type b and non-type b H. influenzae by genotyping may help to understand the molecular characteristics of outbreaks, endemicity and value of vaccination. According to the results of ribotyping and PFGE, it seems possible that spread of invasive H. influenzae type b had occurred and ribotyping confirmed that there was no clonal spread of non-type b H. influenzae in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L K Siu
- Department of Paediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, *Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, †Department of Paediatrics, Taichung Provincial Hospital and ‡Center for Diseases Control, Department of Health, Taiwan
| | - Min-Kung Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, *Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, †Department of Paediatrics, Taichung Provincial Hospital and ‡Center for Diseases Control, Department of Health, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, *Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, †Department of Paediatrics, Taichung Provincial Hospital and ‡Center for Diseases Control, Department of Health, Taiwan
| | - F M Lin
- Department of Paediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, *Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, †Department of Paediatrics, Taichung Provincial Hospital and ‡Center for Diseases Control, Department of Health, Taiwan
| | - Monto Ho
- Department of Paediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, *Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, †Department of Paediatrics, Taichung Provincial Hospital and ‡Center for Diseases Control, Department of Health, Taiwan
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Huang HB, Chen YC, Tsai LH, Wang H, Lin FM, Horiuchi A, Greengard P, Nairn AC, Shiao MS, Lin TH. Backbone 1H, 15N, and 13C resonance assignments of inhibitor-2 -- a protein inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1. J Biomol NMR 2000; 17:359-360. [PMID: 11014604 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008355428294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Siu LK, Lu PL, Hsueh PR, Lin FM, Chang SC, Luh KT, Ho M, Lee CY. Bacteremia due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a pediatric oncology ward: clinical features and identification of different plasmids carrying both SHV-5 and TEM-1 genes. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 37:4020-7. [PMID: 10565924 PMCID: PMC85870 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.12.4020-4027.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen patients who had 16 episodes of bacteremia were observed between 1993 and 1997 in a pediatric oncology ward with a high background isolation rate of cefotaxime- or aztreonam-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Four blood isolates were Escherichia coli and 12 were Klebsiella pneumoniae, and these isolates harbored extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). All episodes of bacteremia were nosocomial, all except one of the episodes occurred in neutropenic patients, and all patients were treated with piperacillin or ceftazidime with amikacin and cefazolin prior to the onset of bacteremia. Nine of 13 patients were receiving extended-spectrum beta-lactam treatment when the bacteremias caused by ESBL producers occurred. Molecular studies revealed that four K. pneumoniae SHV-2-producing isolates from 1994 were of the same clone. Other ESBL producers, including six that carried both TEM-1 and SHV-5, five that carried SHV-5, and one that carried SHV-2 alone, were unrelated. In conclusion, SHV-5 was present in 11 of the 16 isolates and coexisted with TEM-1 in 6 isolates. Acquisition of resistance genes probably occurred under antibiotic selection pressure. This study highlights the importance of routine checks for and detection of ESBL producers. Effective therapy against ESBL producers should be considered early for children who have malignancies and neutropenia and who are septic, despite treatment with a regimen that includes an extended-spectrum beta-lactam, in a clinical setting of an increased incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Siu
- Division of Clinical Research, National Health Research Institute, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin FM, Sabbahi M. Correlation of spasticity with hyperactive stretch reflexes and motor dysfunction in hemiplegia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1999; 80:526-30. [PMID: 10326915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the correlation between spasticity and motor dysfunction in the wrist-hand unit of adult hemiplegic patients, and to investigate the correlation between clinical spasticity and hyperactive stretch reflexes. STUDY DESIGN A survey study with a sequential case series of subjects. SETTING Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Houston, TX. SUBJECTS Sequential sample recruited from local stroke support groups: 10 patients with chronic hemiplegia caused by cerebral vascular accident who had various degrees of spasticity in the wrist joint. OUTCOME MEASURES Modified Ashworth Scale, amplitudes of stretch reflexes for wrist flexors, grip strength, active range of motion of the wrist joint, and Fugl-Meyer test. RESULTS Strong reverse correlation was found between spasticity and grip strength, the Fugl-Meyer test scores, and the Box and Blocks test scores (p = .001 to .005). Results also indicated a strong and consistent correlation between spasticity and reflexive electromyographic activities of the stretch reflex recorded from active muscles (p = .005 and .007), but not between spasticity and torque response of the stretch reflex. CONCLUSIONS The degree of wrist spasticity is associated with impaired hand function in hemiplegic patients, and hyperactive electromyographic response of the stretch reflex, recorded from active muscles, is a valid indicator of spasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Lin
- School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Houston 77030, USA
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Lin FM, Sabbahi M. The aging effects on the EMG and mechanical responses of the human wrist flexor stretch reflexes. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998; 38:323-31. [PMID: 9783117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of aging on the human stretch reflexes. The EMG and torque responses of the stretch reflex of the wrist flexors were evoked by ramp-and-hold mechanical perturbations. The stretch reflexes were recorded at seven test conditions with different stretch velocity and muscle preload. The test results from young and older healthy adult subjects were compared. In average, the absolute amplitude of the short-latency (20-40 ms) EMG (recorded from flexor carpi radialis) reflex response was significantly lower in the older group. If the data were normalized and expressed in percentage of the maximal voluntary EMG activity, however, this group difference was not significant. There was no change in the reflex gain of the short-latency reflex with aging. For the long-latency (50-90 ms) EMG reflex response, both the normalized amplitude and the reflex gain were significantly enhanced with aging, probably through supraspinal mechanisms. There was no significant difference in the threshold velocity for the evoked EMG reflexive activities between age groups. There were also no changes in the reflexive wrist flexion torque with aging. These results suggested that the number of motor units recruited during the stretch reflex activity declined with aging although the percentage of motor units recruited was not affected by aging. It is concluded that the central regulating mechanisms of the spinal motoneuron excitability are not compromised by aging. The automatic gain compensation phenomenon is also preserved with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Lin
- School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Houston, USA
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Chiu CF, Chow KC, Lin FM, Lin CK, Liu SM, Chen KY. Expression of DNA topoisomerase II alpha and multidrug resistance p-glycoprotein in acute leukemia. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1997; 60:184-90. [PMID: 9439046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in acute leukemia. Overexpression of multidrug resistance gene and decreased activity of topoisomerase II alpha are suggested as two important mechanisms for this resistance. METHODS We used immunohistochemical method to determine the expressions of both topoisomerase II alpha (topo II alpha) and p-glycoprotein (gp-170) in bone marrow biopsy specimens from 68 cases of acute leukemia. Patients were divided into four groups: (1) leukemia cells with high score for topo II alpha and negative for gp-170; (2) leukemia cells with high score for topo II alpha and positive for gp-170; (3) leukemia cells with low score for topo II alpha and negative for gp-170; and (4) leukemia cells with low score for topo II alpha and positive for gp-170. The clinical responses were then followed as routine, and the clinical correlation was evaluated by analysis of variance and Pearson Chi-Square test. RESULTS The measure of the single parameter (either topo II alpha or gp-170 alone) did not show a significant difference in the overall survival. However, the complete response rate was much higher in the first group patients whose bone marrow reading score was high in topo II alpha and negative for gp-170 expression. Survival duration increased with the increase in the complete response rate. CONCLUSIONS Combined parameters of topo II alpha and gp-170 are more useful than any individual parameter for the prognosis of acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Lin FM, Pan YC, Dinh TA, Sabbahi M, Shenaq S. Functional assessment of tibial-nerve recovery in the cat using gait analysis: preliminary study. J Reconstr Microsurg 1997; 13:177-83. [PMID: 9101447 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1006402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate gait-pattern changes after complete tibial nerve lesion in the cat, and to observe whether nerve repair could reverse some of the changes. In six cats, a 5-cm segment of the tibial nerve was transected. The nerve gap was then repaired with nerve autograft in three animals and was unrepaired in three as controls. The walking patterns of the cats were videotaped, and the hip, knee, ankle, and metatarsophalangeal joint angles were measured at the beginnings of the F, E1, E2, and E3 phases of the step cycle. Two weeks after surgery, abnormal gait patterns were observed, and four gait parameters (E3.Hip, E3.Ankle, E3.M-P, and F.Ankle) were found to be statistically significantly different from normal. Six months after surgery, the nerve-graft group had gait-parameter values approaching normal, while the control group showed no measurable improvement. Correspondingly, electrophysiologic testing revealed considerable nerve regeneration in the nerve-graft group but not in the control group. It was concluded that these gait parameters can be used as valid functional indices to evaluate the degree of tibial nerve recovery in the cat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Zhang YJ, Su RK, Song H, Lin FM. Thermodynamical properties and Coulomb instabilities in hot nuclear systems with the Gogny interaction. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1996; 54:1137-1143. [PMID: 9971447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.54.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lin FM, Pan YC, Hom C, Sabbahi M, Shenaq S. Ankle stance angle: a functional index for the evaluation of sciatic nerve recovery after complete transection. J Reconstr Microsurg 1996; 12:173-7. [PMID: 8726337 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1006472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted to develop a motor functional index, ankle stance angle (ASA), to assess rat sciatic nerve regeneration subsequent to autografting. ASA, 50 degrees in normal rats, is the ankle joint angle at the mid-stance phase of the gait cycle. In a nerve graft group, a 1-cm segment of the right sciatic nerve was transected and then repaired with nerve autograft. In an ungrafted group, the nerve gap was left unrepaired. ASA measured 4 months after surgery was statistically significantly larger in the nerve graft group (36 degrees) than in the ungrafted group (22 degrees). The results suggest that ASA is more sensitive than sciatic function index in detecting functional recovery after a complete sciatic nerve lesion. ASA also showed a significant correlation with the passive range of ankle joint motion and gastrocnemius muscle weight. The study concluded that ASA is a reliable index for assessment of regeneration of rat sciatic nerve after a complete lesion. The intra-rater reliability (r = 0.97 and 0.90) and inter-rater reliability (r = 0.85) tests performed support the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Chiu CF, Lin CK, Liu SM, Tan TD, Chau WK, Lin FM. Induction of megakaryocytic differentiation in a newly established human leukemic cell line by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1995; 56:1-11. [PMID: 7553404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological studies on megakaryopoiesis have been hampered by the scarcity of megakaryocytes in normal bone marrow and difficulty in long term culture. Alternatively, leukemic cell lines with megakaryocytic differentiation potential may provide good models to counter these problems. METHODS Leukemic cells from a patient with acute megakaryocytic leukemia were put into long-term culture and established into a cell line which was designated as VGH-MK1. The VGH-MK1 cells were challenged with differentiation agents and/or cytokines, and the differentiation of these cells was examined using morphological, immunocytochemical and surface-marker studies. RESULTS Morphologically, VGH-MK1 cells had prominent nucleoli and basophilic cytoplasm with some protrusions, but large cells were occasionally seen. Under regular culture condition, the cells had a doubling time of 36-48 hours. The cloned cell line exhibited markers characteristic of megakaryoblasts after differentiation induction. Specifically, when stimulated with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), cells became larger and had large or multinuclei. They were induced to express platelet glycoproteins GPIb (CD42b), GPIIb/IIIa (CD41), and GPIIIa (CD61) antigens, but not erythroid nor lymphoid markers. Platelet peroxidase (PPO) activity was also induced. Retinoic acid did not exhibit similar differentiation-inducing effects. In contrast, it counteracted the effects induced by TPA. CONCLUSIONS An unique human leukemic cell line, VGH-MK1, has been established here. It could be induced to exhibit some characteristics of megakaryocytic lineage, and may be an useful model for the biological studies of megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Lu JH, Hung JH, Lin FM, Shen WY, Chen SJ, Hwang B, Wu SI, Yu Chao YM. A quality study of a computerized medical birth registry. J Obstet Gynaecol (Tokyo 1995) 1995; 21:23-30. [PMID: 8591107 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1995.tb00893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Processed by a computerized medical birth registry system, the birth records of 20,103 deliveries, from February 1992 to February 1993, were digitized with medium registry. From January 1, to February 28, 1993, the original records (n = 2,840 cases) of all 10 collaborative hospitals were requested for assessment of the data quality. Thirty-six items were scored, data of poor quality was found in 8 items; acceptable quality in 4 items; and good quality in 28 items. The feasibility of data transfer by floppy disc and per modem was evaluated. This registry system had shortened data processing time effectively and improved mutual feedback between data center and delivery units. Errors resulting from technical faults originating in preparation of the data for computerizing at hospital level could be effectively reduced. The validity of diagnosis remained as the major source of errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
Processed by a computerized medical birth registry system, the birth records of 20,103 deliveries, from February 1992 to February 1993, were digitized with medium registry. From 1 January to 28 February 1993, the original records (n = 2840 cases) of all 10 collaborative hospitals were requested for assessment of data quality. Thirty-six items were scored, data of poor quality was found in eight; acceptable quality in four; and good quality in 28. The feasibility of data transfer by floppy disc and per modem was evaluated. This registry system had effectively shortened data processing time and improved mutual feedback between the data centre and the delivery units. Errors resulting from technical faults originating in the preparation of data for computerization at hospital level could be effectively reduced. The validity of diagnosis remained as the major source of errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lu
- Research Laboratory of Medical Birth Registry, Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin CK, Chiu CF, Kuo BI, Lin FM, Jiang ML, Chow MP. Do the reticulocyte maturation fractions and bone marrow reticulocyte count further help the classification of anemias? Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1994; 53:270-5. [PMID: 8039039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reticulocyte count plays a major role in anemic evaluation. The conventional method done by the manual supravital staining cannot subclassify the group of less than 2% of corrected reticulocyte count. The newly-developed flow cytometer provides different maturation fractions by measuring its fluorescent intensity. The reticulocytes are believed to shift to the circulation from the bone marrow earlier in more severe anemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of reticulocyte maturation fractions and bone marrow reticulocyte in anemia classification. METHODS By using a fully automated counter, the roles of the reticulocyte with maturation and their shifting from bone marrow were evaluated in anemias. Different groups of subjects (243 in total) including aplastic, nutritional, and infiltrative anemias and anemia due to excess destruction and blood loss were studied. Each subject had bone marrow examination for morphologic diagnosis and reticulocyte evaluation. RESULTS Both the absolute count and the maturation fractions of reticulocytes showed significant difference among marrow infiltration, aplastic anemia, and hemolytic anemia. Both the absolute reticulocyte count and less mature fractions were lowest in aplastic group. The marrow reticulocyte counts and shift ratio to circulating blood added little benefit in the classification of anemias. CONCLUSIONS The automated reticulocyte count with maturation fractions helps classify anemias, particularly for those with low reticulocyte count by the manual method.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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24
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Abstract
20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), an arachidonate metabolite of the cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylase, was detected in rat urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric techniques. The concentration of 20-HETE in urine from 7-week-old hypertensive and normotensive rats was 2.1 and 1.3 nM, respectively. This is the first demonstration of 20-HETE urinary excretion and thus calls attention to the possibility that 20-HETE participates in the regulation of renal function via its effect on vascular tone and ion transport processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Schwartzman
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595
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25
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Law SL, Chiang CH, Lin FM, Teh GW. Effect of stabilization temperature on the degradation of adriamycin in albumin microspheres. Biomater Artif Cells Immobilization Biotechnol 1991; 19:613-29. [PMID: 1760494 DOI: 10.3109/10731199109117840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of stabilization temperature on the degradation of adriamycin HCl during the preparation of albumin microspheres was investigated. The degradation of adriamycin HCl by heating at various temperature with different time interval in dried adriamycin HCl powder, adriamycin HCl aqueous solution, wetted Adriablastina (adriamycin HCl with lactose) powder and Adriablastina aqueous solution was also studied. In the presence of water the degradation of adriamycin HCl was found; whereas, in the absence of water no degradation occurred. The degradation of adriamycin HCl in solution and wetted powder showed a zero order reaction. An increase in temperature increased degradation rate. The rate constant for adriamycin HCl degradation in Adriablastina solution obtained was in good agreement with that in adriamycin HCl solution. It was suggested that the presence of lactose had no interference in the degradation of adriamycin HCl. The zero-order reaction of degradation was attributed to the drug behaved like a suspension. The degradation of adriamycin HCl at various stabilization temperature during the preparation of microspheres had the same tendency as those of the adriamycin HCl solution and the wetted adriamycin HCl powder that were heated by the DSC instrument with the condition similar to the preparation of microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Law
- Department of Medical Research, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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26
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Abstract
Two paraquat-resistant clones, PR-1 and PR-2, were selected from CHO K1 cells pretreated with ethyl methanesulfonate. PR-1 and PR-2, routinely cultured in a normal medium without paraquat, were six fold more resistant to paraquat than the parental CHO K1 cells. There was no difference in the uptake of [3H]paraquat among PR-1, PR-2, and CHO K1 cells. Both PR-1 and PR-2 cells showed no cross resistance to free radical generating agents and no increase in total activity of superoxide dismutase. The activities of paraquat-dependent NADPH oxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were significantly reduced in PR-1 and PR-2 cells, hence the rate of paraquat radical formation will be limited. In addition, an elevation of glutathione levels in PR-1 cells or an increase in glutathione S-transferase activity in PR-2 cells may also play a certain role in protective mechanisms against the toxicity of paraquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Lee
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Su RK, Lin FM. Liquid-gas and superconducting phase transitions in finite symmetric nuclear matter. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1989; 39:2438-2444. [PMID: 9955488 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.39.2438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Tang RB, Hwang BT, Tsai LC, Lin FM, Chang HN. [The significance of mite antigens in Kawasaki disease]. Zhonghua Min Guo Wei Sheng Wu Ji Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 1987; 20:29-36. [PMID: 3595263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
House dust mites have been suspected as a causative agent in Kawasaki disease. To assess the role of mite in children with Kawasaki disease, we studied 20 cases of Kawasaki disease from September 1985 through May 1986. Their ages ranged from 2 months to 4 years with a mean of 2.1 years, we assessed intradermal skin test reactivity to mite antigens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae) and anti-mites specific IgE (RAST) levels in 20 Kawasaki disease patients, 10 children for control, and 30 asthmatic patients for comparison. Intradermal skin test reactivity to mite antigens was not significantly increased in the 20 Kawasaki disease patients than in pediatric controls (p greater than 0.05), there was a more significantly reactivity in asthmatic patients than in Kawasaki disease and pediatric control (p less than 0.001). There was a correlation between serum IgE and anti-D. pteronyssinus specific IgE (r = 0.65, p less than 0.001) or anti-D. farinae specific IgE (r = 0.73, p less than 0.001) in Kawasaki disease. The anti-mite specific IgE's expressed as RAST score or mean values were not more significantly raised in Kawasaki disease than in pediatric controls (p greater than 0.05), there was a more significantly raised in asthmatic patients than in Kawasaki disease patients and in pediatric control. Coronary artery involvement was not significantly related to anti-mite specific IgE's in Kawasaki disease (p greater than 0.05). According to this study, the role of house dust mites is undetermined to Kawasaki disease.
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Tang RB, Chang HN, Lin FM, Chang YF, Chou NS, Lin CY. Serum IgE, skin and radioallergosorbent tests for house dust and mites in asthmatic children. J Asthma 1986; 23:245-9. [PMID: 3771471 DOI: 10.3109/02770908609073168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Thirty asthmatic children were given an intradermal skin test, total IgE measurements and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) against house dust and house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae). Results of the intradermal skin test and RAST were highly positive with overall agreement in 95.6%. The correlation coefficient between the total IgE and the RAST to house dust was 0.35 (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference between the total IgE and the RAST to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae (p greater than 0.05). The highly significant correlation coefficient between house dust and house dust mites (D. farinae, p less than 0.0001; D. pteronyssinus, p less than 0.00001) was determined by RAST. House dust has been found to be the most important allergen in children in Taiwan. The role of mites as a possible allergen in house dust also showed a highly significant correlation in our study.
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Von Meerwall E, Creel RB, Griffin CF, DiCato E, Lin FT, Lin FM. Measurement of crystallization in stretched rubber by rapid-passage NMR. J Appl Polym Sci 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1977.070210605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lin FM, Cameron JR. The radiation distributions around linear radium sources as measured with thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD). Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1967; 100:863-9. [PMID: 4951453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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