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Li Y, Tan Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Hu Q, Liang K, Jun Y, Ye Y, Li YC, Li C, Liao L, Xu J, Xing Z, Pan Y, Chatterjee SS, Nguyen TK, Hsiao H, Egranov SD, Putluri N, Coarfa C, Hawke DH, Gunaratne PH, Tsai KL, Han L, Hung MC, Calin GA, Namour F, Guéant JL, Muntau AC, Blau N, Sutton VR, Schiff M, Feillet F, Zhang S, Lin C, Yang L. A noncoding RNA modulator potentiates phenylalanine metabolism in mice. Science 2021; 373:662-673. [PMID: 34353949 PMCID: PMC9714245 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba4991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The functional role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in inherited metabolic disorders, including phenylketonuria (PKU), is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the mouse lncRNA Pair and human HULC associate with phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Pair-knockout mice exhibited excessive blood phenylalanine (Phe), musty odor, hypopigmentation, growth retardation, and progressive neurological symptoms including seizures, which faithfully models human PKU. HULC depletion led to reduced PAH enzymatic activities in human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated hepatocytes. Mechanistically, HULC modulated the enzymatic activities of PAH by facilitating PAH-substrate and PAH-cofactor interactions. To develop a therapeutic strategy for restoring liver lncRNAs, we designed GalNAc-tagged lncRNA mimics that exhibit liver enrichment. Treatment with GalNAc-HULC mimics reduced excessive Phe in Pair -/- and Pah R408W/R408W mice and improved the Phe tolerance of these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi Tan
- Intelligent Molecular Discovery Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Yaohua Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingsong Hu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ke Liang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yao Jun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Chuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunlai Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- Genetically Engineered Mouse Core, Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Xing
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yinghong Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sujash S Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tina K Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heidi Hsiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sergey D Egranov
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David H Hawke
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Preethi H Gunaratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kuang-Lei Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leng Han
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fares Namour
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
- INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
- INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Ania C Muntau
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zurich, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Necker Hospital, APHP, Reference Center for Inborn Error of Metabolism and Filière G2M, Pediatrics Department, University of Paris, Paris 75007, France
- Inserm UMR_S1163, Institut Imagine, Paris 75015, France
| | - François Feillet
- INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France.
- Pediatric Department Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism Children University Hospital Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Intelligent Molecular Discovery Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunru Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Hillert A, Anikster Y, Belanger-Quintana A, Burlina A, Burton BK, Carducci C, Chiesa AE, Christodoulou J, Đorđević M, Desviat LR, Eliyahu A, Evers RAF, Fajkusova L, Feillet F, Bonfim-Freitas PE, Giżewska M, Gundorova P, Karall D, Kneller K, Kutsev SI, Leuzzi V, Levy HL, Lichter-Konecki U, Muntau AC, Namour F, Oltarzewski M, Paras A, Perez B, Polak E, Polyakov AV, Porta F, Rohrbach M, Scholl-Bürgi S, Spécola N, Stojiljković M, Shen N, Santana-da Silva LC, Skouma A, van Spronsen F, Stoppioni V, Thöny B, Trefz FK, Vockley J, Yu Y, Zschocke J, Hoffmann GF, Garbade SF, Blau N. The Genetic Landscape and Epidemiology of Phenylketonuria. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:234-250. [PMID: 32668217 PMCID: PMC7413859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU), caused by variants in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene, is the most common autosomal-recessive Mendelian phenotype of amino acid metabolism. We estimated that globally 0.45 million individuals have PKU, with global prevalence 1:23,930 live births (range 1:4,500 [Italy]-1:125,000 [Japan]). Comparing genotypes and metabolic phenotypes from 16,092 affected subjects revealed differences in disease severity in 51 countries from 17 world regions, with the global phenotype distribution of 62% classic PKU, 22% mild PKU, and 16% mild hyperphenylalaninemia. A gradient in genotype and phenotype distribution exists across Europe, from classic PKU in the east to mild PKU in the southwest and mild hyperphenylalaninemia in the south. The c.1241A>G (p.Tyr414Cys)-associated genotype can be traced from Northern to Western Europe, from Sweden via Norway, to Denmark, to the Netherlands. The frequency of classic PKU increases from Europe (56%) via Middle East (71%) to Australia (80%). Of 758 PAH variants, c.1222C>T (p.Arg408Trp) (22.2%), c.1066-11G>A (IVS10-11G>A) (6.4%), and c.782G>A (p.Arg261Gln) (5.5%) were most common and responsible for two prevalent genotypes: p.[Arg408Trp];[Arg408Trp] (11.4%) and c.[1066-11G>A];[1066-11G>A] (2.6%). Most genotypes (73%) were compound heterozygous, 27% were homozygous, and 55% of 3,659 different genotypes occurred in only a single individual. PAH variants were scored using an allelic phenotype value and correlated with pre-treatment blood phenylalanine concentrations (n = 6,115) and tetrahydrobiopterin loading test results (n = 4,381), enabling prediction of both a genotype-based phenotype (88%) and tetrahydrobiopterin responsiveness (83%). This study shows that large genotype databases enable accurate phenotype prediction, allowing appropriate targeting of therapies to optimize clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Hillert
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic I, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, 52621 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Amaya Belanger-Quintana
- Unidad de Enfermedades Metabolicas, Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University Hospital, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara K Burton
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Carla Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ana E Chiesa
- Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil (FEI), C1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - John Christodoulou
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Maja Đorđević
- Institute of Mother and Child Healthcare "Dr. Vukan Čupić," 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lourdes R Desviat
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. CIBERER, IdiPAz, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aviva Eliyahu
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, 52621 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Roeland A F Evers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Section of Metabolic Diseases, 9712 CP Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lena Fajkusova
- Centre of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - François Feillet
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pedro E Bonfim-Freitas
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Giżewska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Daniela Karall
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katya Kneller
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, 52621 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Harvey L Levy
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Ania C Muntau
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fares Namour
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mariusz Oltarzewski
- Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Paras
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Belen Perez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. CIBERER, IdiPAz, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emil Polak
- Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, 84215 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Francesco Porta
- Department of Pediatrics, AOU Citta' della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marianne Rohrbach
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norma Spécola
- Unidad de Metabolismo. Hospital de Niños "Sor Ludovica" de La Plata, 1904 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maja Stojiljković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nan Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000025 Shanghai, China
| | - Luiz C Santana-da Silva
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Francjan van Spronsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Section of Metabolic Diseases, 9712 CP Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vera Stoppioni
- Centro Screening Neonatale Regione Marche, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, 61032 Fano, Italy
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich K Trefz
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic I, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jerry Vockley
- UPMC, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Youngguo Yu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology/Genetics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, 2000025 Shanghai, China
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic I, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven F Garbade
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic I, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nenad Blau
- Division of Child Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic I, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
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3
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Guéant JL, Oussalah A, Zgheib R, Siblini Y, Hsu SB, Namour F. Genetic, epigenetic and genomic mechanisms of methionine dependency of cancer and tumor-initiating cells: What could we learn from folate and methionine cycles. Biochimie 2020; 173:123-128. [PMID: 32289469 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Methionine-dependency is a common feature of cancer cells, which cannot proliferate without constant inputs of exogenous methionine even in the presence of its precursor, homocysteine. The endogenous synthesis of methionine is catalyzed by methionine synthase, which transfers the methyl group of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF) to homocysteine in the presence of vitamin B12 (cobalamin, cbl). Diverse mechanisms can produce it, including somatic mutations, aberrant DNA methylation (epimutations) and altered expression of genes. Around twenty somatic mutations have been reported as a cause of methionine dependency. Some of them are contributors but not sufficient on their own to cause methionine dependency. Epigenetic invalidation of MMACHC gene expression triggers methionine dependency of the MeWo-LC1 melanoma cancer cell line. This epimutation is generated by aberrant antisense transcription of the adjacent gene PRDX1. Methionine dependency involves the abnormal expression of 1-CM genes in cancer stem cells. It is related to an increased demand for methionine and SAM, which is not compensated by the increased production of formate by glycine decarboxylase pathway in lung cancer tumor spheres. Tumor spheres of glioblastoma U251 are methionine-dependent through disruption of folate metabolism. The rescue of the growth of glioblastoma stem cells by folate shows the considerable importance to evaluate the influence of supplements and dietary intake of folate on the risk of tumor development, in particular in countries subjected to mandatory food fortification in folic acid. Dietary methionine restriction or the use of methioninase represent promising anticancer therapeutic strategies that deserve to be explored in combination with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Guéant
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France.
| | - Abderrahim Oussalah
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France
| | - Racha Zgheib
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France
| | - Youssef Siblini
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France
| | - Shyuefang Battaglia Hsu
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France
| | - Fares Namour
- INSERM UMR_S 1256 NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University of Lorraine, Nancy (Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy), F-54000, France
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4
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Oussalah A, Jeannesson-Thivisol E, Chéry C, Perrin P, Rouyer P, Josse T, Cano A, Barth M, Fouilhoux A, Mention K, Labarthe F, Arnoux JB, Maillot F, Lenaerts C, Dumesnil C, Wagner K, Terral D, Broué P, De Parscau L, Gay C, Kuster A, Bédu A, Besson G, Lamireau D, Odent S, Masurel A, Rodriguez-Guéant RM, Feillet F, Guéant JL, Namour F. Population and evolutionary genetics of the PAH locus to uncover overdominance and adaptive mechanisms in phenylketonuria: Results from a multiethnic study. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102623. [PMID: 31923802 PMCID: PMC7000351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism in Europe. The reasons underlying the high prevalence of heterozygous carriers are not clearly understood. We aimed to look for pathogenic PAH variant enrichment according to geographical areas and patients' ethnicity using a multiethnic nationwide cohort of patients with PKU in France. We subsequently appraised the population differentiation, balancing selection and the molecular evolutionary history of the PAH locus. METHODS The French nationwide PKU study included patients who have been referred at the national level to the University Hospital of Nancy, and for whom a molecular diagnosis of phenylketonuria was made by Sanger sequencing. We performed enrichment analyses by comparing alternative allele frequencies using Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni adjustment. We estimated the amount of genetic differentiation among populations using Wright's fixation index (Fst). To estimate the molecular evolutionary history of the PAH gene, we performed phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses using whole-genome and exome-sequencing data from healthy individuals and non-PKU patients, respectively. Finally, we used exome-wide association study to decipher potential genetic loci associated with population divergence on PAH. FINDINGS The study included 696 patients and revealed 132 pathogenic PAH variants. Three geographical areas showed significant enrichment for a pathogenic PAH variant: North of France (p.Arg243Leu), North-West of France (p.Leu348Val), and Mediterranean coast (p.Ala403Val). One PAH variant (p.Glu280Gln) was significantly enriched among North-Africans (OR = 23·23; 95% CI: 9·75-55·38). PAH variants exhibiting a strong genetic differentiation were significantly enriched in the 'Biopterin_H' domain (OR = 6·45; 95% CI: 1·99-20·84), suggesting a balancing selection pressure on the biopterin function of PAH. Phylogenetic and timetree analyses were consistent with population differentiation events on European-, African-, and Asian-ancestry populations. The five PAH variants most strongly associated with a high selection pressure were phylogenetically close and were located within the biopterin domain coding region of PAH or in its vicinity. Among the non-PAH loci potentially associated with population divergence, two reached exome-wide significance: SSPO (SCO-spondin) and DBH (dopamine beta-hydroxylase), involved in neuroprotection and metabolic adaptation, respectively. INTERPRETATION Our data provide evidence on the combination of evolutionary and adaptive events in populations with distinct ancestries, which may explain the overdominance of some genetic variants on PAH. FUNDING French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR_S 1256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Oussalah
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France.
| | - Elise Jeannesson-Thivisol
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Céline Chéry
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Pascal Perrin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Pierre Rouyer
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Josse
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Aline Cano
- Centre of Reference for Inborn Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Magalie Barth
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Alain Fouilhoux
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Woman-Mother-Child Hospital, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Baptiste Arnoux
- Reference Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker-Sick Children's Hospital, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - François Maillot
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Tours, François Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Catherine Lenaerts
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Cécile Dumesnil
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Kathy Wagner
- Department of Paediatrics, Lenval Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Daniel Terral
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Broué
- Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, University Children Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Loic De Parscau
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Claire Gay
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Alice Kuster
- Paediatric Department, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Bédu
- Department of Neonatology, Mother and Child Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Gérard Besson
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Lamireau
- Department of Paediatrics, Pellegrin-Enfants Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Alice Masurel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Rosa-Maria Rodriguez-Guéant
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - François Feillet
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France; Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France.
| | - Fares Namour
- University of Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, Nancy, France; Department of Molecular Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France; Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism (ORPHA67872), University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
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Oussalah A, Rischer S, Bensenane M, Conroy G, Filhine-Tresarrieu P, Debard R, Forest-Tramoy D, Josse T, Reinicke D, Garcia M, Luc A, Baumann C, Ayav A, Laurent V, Hollenbach M, Ripoll C, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Namour F, Zipprich A, Fleischhacker M, Bronowicki JP, Guéant JL. Plasma mSEPT9: A Novel Circulating Cell-free DNA-Based Epigenetic Biomarker to Diagnose Hepatocellular Carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:138-147. [PMID: 29627389 PMCID: PMC5952996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with cirrhosis are at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The SEPT9 gene is a key regulator of cell division and tumor suppressor whose hypermethylation is associated with liver carcinogenesis. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a PCR-based assay for the analysis of SEPT9 promoter methylation in circulating cell-free DNA (mSEPT9) for diagnosing HCC among cirrhotic patients. Methods We report two phase II biomarker studies that included cirrhotic patients with or without HCC from France (initial study) and Germany (replication study). All patients received clinical and biological evaluations, and liver imaging according to current recommendations. The primary outcome was defined as the presence of HCC according to guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. The diagnosis of HCC was confirmed by abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and systematically discussed in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting. HCC-free cirrhotic patients were recruited if the screening abdominal ultrasound showed no evidence of HCC at the time of blood sampling for the mSEPT9 test and on the next visit six months later. The adjudicating physicians were blinded to patient results associated with the mSEPT9 test. Findings We included 289 patients with cirrhosis (initial: 186; replication: 103), among whom 98 had HCC (initial: 51; replication: 47). The mSEPT9 test exhibited high diagnostic accuracy for HCC diagnosis, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.944 (0.900–0.970, p < 0.0001) in the initial study (replication: 0.930 [0.862–0.971, p < 0.0001]; meta-analysis: AUROC = 0.940 [0.910–0.970, p < 0.0001], no heterogeneity: I2 = 0%, p = 0.67; and no publication bias). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the number of positive mSEPT9 triplicates was the only independent variable significantly associated with HCC diagnosis (initial: OR = 6.30, for each mSEPT9 positive triplicate [2.92–13.61, p < 0.0001]; replication: OR = 6.07 [3.25–11.35, p < 0.0001]; meta-analysis: OR = 6.15 [2.93–9.38, p < 0.0001], no heterogeneity: I2 = 0%, p = 0.95; no publication bias). AUROC associated with the discrimination of the logistic regression models in initial and validation studies were 0.969 (0.930–0.989) and 0.942 (0.878–0.978), respectively, with a pooled AUROC of 0.962 ([0.937–0.987, p < 0.0001], no heterogeneity: I2 = 0%, p = 0.36; and no publication bias). Interpretation Among patients with cirrhosis, the mSEPT9 test constitutes a promising circulating epigenetic biomarker for HCC diagnosis at the individual patient level. Future prospective studies should assess the mSEPT9 test in the screening algorithm for cirrhotic patients to improve risk prediction and personalized therapeutic management of HCC. Patients with cirrhosis are at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Accurate tumor biomarkers for the diagnosis and early detection of HCC need to be developed. The circulating, cell-free, epigenetic biomarker mSEPT9 is a promising biomarker for diagnosing HCC in patients with cirrhosis.
Patients with cirrhosis are at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several circulating epigenetic markers are under evaluation in HCC, notably those identified through “omics” approaches. However, to date, no circulating epigenetic biomarker has been shown to be useful for HCC diagnosis at the individual patient level. Through initial and replication phase II biomarker studies, we showed that the circulating, cell-free, DNA-based epigenetic biomarker mSEPT9 is a promising biomarker for diagnosing HCC in patients with cirrhosis. Future prospective studies should assess the mSEPT9 test in a screening algorithm for patients with cirrhosis to improve risk prediction and the personalized therapeutic management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Oussalah
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France; INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France.
| | - Susann Rischer
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mouni Bensenane
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Guillaume Conroy
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Pierre Filhine-Tresarrieu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France; INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Renée Debard
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Denise Forest-Tramoy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Thomas Josse
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Dana Reinicke
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthieu Garcia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Amandine Luc
- ESPRI-BioBase Unit, Methodological and Biostatistical Support Unit, Platform of Clinical Research Support PARC, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Cédric Baumann
- ESPRI-BioBase Unit, Methodological and Biostatistical Support Unit, Platform of Clinical Research Support PARC, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Ahmet Ayav
- Department of Digestive, Hepatobiliary and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Valérie Laurent
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Marcus Hollenbach
- Division of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Dermatology and Neurology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cristina Ripoll
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rosa-Maria Guéant-Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France; INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Fares Namour
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France; INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Alexander Zipprich
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Fleischhacker
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Bronowicki
- INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy, F-54000, France; INSERM, U1256, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy F-54000, France.
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Oussalah A, Levy J, Filhine-Trésarrieu P, Namour F, Guéant JL. Association of TCN2 rs1801198 c.776G>C polymorphism with markers of one-carbon metabolism and related diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:1142-1156. [PMID: 28814397 PMCID: PMC5611783 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.156349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) deficiency may produce severe neurologic and hematologic manifestations. Approximately 20-25% of circulating cobalamin binds to transcobalamin 2 (TCN2), which is referred to as active vitamin B-12. The G allele of the TCN2 c.776G>C (rs1801198) polymorphism has been associated with a lower plasma concentration of holotranscobalamin. However, genotype association studies on rs1801198 have led to conflicting results regarding its influence on one-carbon metabolism (OCM) markers or its association with pathologic conditions.Objective: We assessed the association of rs1801198 genotypes with OCM marker concentrations and primary risks of congenital abnormalities, cancer, and Alzheimer disease.Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature that was published from January 1966 to February 2017 and included all studies that assessed the association between rs1801198 and OCM markers or a pathologic condition.Results: Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Subjects with the rs1801198 GG genotype had significantly lower concentrations of holotranscobalamin [standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.445 (95% CI: -0.673, -0.217; P < 0.001); I2 = 48.16% (95% CI: 0.00%, 78.10%; P = 0.07)] and higher concentrations of homocysteine (European descent only) [SMD: 0.070 (95% CI: 0.020, 0.120; P = 0.01); I2 = 0.00% (95% CI: 0.00%, 49.59%; P = 0.73)] than did subjects with the rs1801198 CC genotype. The meta-analysis on the association between rs1801198 and methylmalonic acid (MMA) lacked statistical power. No significant difference was observed regarding cobalamin, folate, and red blood cell folate. No significant association was observed between rs1801198 and primary risks of congenital abnormalities, cancer, or Alzheimer disease.Conclusions: Meta-analysis results indicate an influence of rs1801198 on holotranscobalamin and homocysteine concentrations in European-descent subjects. In addition, well-designed and -powered studies should be conducted for assessing the association between rs1801198 and MMA and clinical manifestations that are linked to a decreased availability of cobalamin. This review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42017058504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Oussalah
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics,,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, and,INSERM, Unité 954, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julien Levy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics,,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, and
| | - Pierre Filhine-Trésarrieu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics,,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, and,INSERM, Unité 954, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Fares Namour
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics,,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, and,INSERM, Unité 954, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, .,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, and.,INSERM, Unité 954, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Jeannesson-Thivisol E, Feillet F, Chéry C, Perrin P, Battaglia-Hsu SF, Herbeth B, Cano A, Barth M, Fouilhoux A, Mention K, Labarthe F, Arnoux JB, Maillot F, Lenaerts C, Dumesnil C, Wagner K, Terral D, Broué P, de Parscau L, Gay C, Kuster A, Bédu A, Besson G, Lamireau D, Odent S, Masurel A, Guéant JL, Namour F. Genotype-phenotype associations in French patients with phenylketonuria and importance of genotype for full assessment of tetrahydrobiopterin responsiveness. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:158. [PMID: 26666653 PMCID: PMC5024853 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (PAH) gene cause phenylketonuria. Sapropterin (BH4), the enzyme cofactor, is an important therapeutical strategy in phenylketonuria. However, PAH is a highly polymorphic gene and it is difficult to identify BH4-responsive genotypes. We seek here to improve prediction of BH4-responsiveness through comparison of genotypes, BH4-loading test, predictions of responsiveness according to the literature and types and locations of mutations. METHODS A total of 364 French patients among which, 9 % had mild hyperphenylalaninemia, 17.7 % mild phenylketonuria and 73.1 % classical phenylketonuria, benefited from a 24-hour BH4-loading test and had the PAH gene sequenced and analyzed by Multiplex Ligation Probe Amplification. RESULTS Overall, 31.6 % of patients were BH4-responsive. The number of different mutations found was 127, including 26 new mutations. The mutations c.434A > T, c.500A > T, c.529G > C, c.1045 T > G and c.1196 T > C were newly classified as being BH4-responsive. We identified 261 genotypes, among which 46 were newly recognized as being BH4-responsive. Even though patients carry 2 responsive alleles, BH4-responsiveness cannot be predicted with certainty unless they present mild hyperphenylalaninemia. BH4-responsiveness cannot be predicted in patients carrying one responsive mutation only. In general, the milder the phenotype is, the stronger the BH4-response is. Almost exclusively missense mutations, particularly in exons 12, 11 and 8, are associated with BH4-responsiveness and any other type of mutation predicts a negative response. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first of its kind, in a French population, to identify the phenotype associated with several combinations of PAH mutations. As others, it highlights the necessity of performing simultaneously BH4 loading test and molecular analysis in monitoring phenylketonuria patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Jeannesson-Thivisol
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - François Feillet
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Céline Chéry
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pascal Perrin
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Shyue-Fang Battaglia-Hsu
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Bernard Herbeth
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aline Cano
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Magalie Barth
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Alain Fouilhoux
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Karine Mention
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandres Hospital, Lille, France
| | - François Labarthe
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Clocheville Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Arnoux
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Maillot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | - Cécile Dumesnil
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Rouen University-Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Kathy Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Lenval Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Daniel Terral
- Department of Pediatrics, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Broué
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Children Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Claire Gay
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University-Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Alice Kuster
- Pediatric Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Bédu
- Neonatology Department, Mère-Enfant Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Gérard Besson
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Lamireau
- Department of Pediatrics, Pellegrin-Enfants Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Alice Masurel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon University-Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Fares Namour
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Nancy, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- INSERM U954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine, 9 ave Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Oussalah A, Ferrand J, Filhine-Tresarrieu P, Aissa N, Aimone-Gastin I, Namour F, Garcia M, Lozniewski A, Guéant JL. Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin for Predicting Blood Culture Results in Patients With Suspected Bloodstream Infection: An Observational Study of 35,343 Consecutive Patients (A STROBE-Compliant Article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1774. [PMID: 26554775 PMCID: PMC4915876 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that procalcitonin is a reliable marker for predicting bacteremia. However, these studies have had relatively small sample sizes or focused on a single clinical entity. The primary endpoint of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin for predicting or excluding clinically relevant pathogen categories in patients with suspected bloodstream infections. The secondary endpoint was to look for organisms significantly associated with internationally validated procalcitonin intervals. We performed a cross-sectional study that included 35,343 consecutive patients who underwent concomitant procalcitonin assays and blood cultures for suspected bloodstream infections. Biochemical and microbiological data were systematically collected in an electronic database and extracted for purposes of this study. Depending on blood culture results, patients were classified into 1 of the 5 following groups: negative blood culture, Gram-positive bacteremia, Gram-negative bacteremia, fungi, and potential contaminants found in blood cultures (PCBCs). The highest procalcitonin concentration was observed in patients with blood cultures growing Gram-negative bacteria (median 2.2 ng/mL [IQR 0.6-12.2]), and the lowest procalcitonin concentration was observed in patients with negative blood cultures (median 0.3 ng/mL [IQR 0.1-1.1]). With optimal thresholds ranging from ≤0.4 to ≤0.75 ng/mL, procalcitonin had a high diagnostic accuracy for excluding all pathogen categories with the following negative predictive values: Gram-negative bacteria (98.9%) (including enterobacteria [99.2%], nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli [99.7%], and anaerobic bacteria [99.9%]), Gram-positive bacteria (98.4%), and fungi (99.6%). A procalcitonin concentration ≥10 ng/mL was associated with a high risk of Gram-negative (odds ratio 5.98; 95% CI, 5.20-6.88) or Gram-positive (odds ratio 3.64; 95% CI, 3.11-4.26) bacteremia but dramatically reduced the risk of PCBCs or fungemia. In this large real-life setting experience with more than 35,000 patients, procalcitonin was highly effective at excluding bloodstream infections regardless of pathogen categories. The results from our study are limited by its cross-sectional design and deserve to be validated in prospective longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Oussalah
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine and Personalized Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Nancy (AO, PF-T, IA-G, FN, MG, J-LG); INSERM, U954, NGERE - Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine (AO, IA-G, FN, J-LG); Department of Bacteriology, University Hospital of Nancy (JF, NA, AL), and EA7300, Stress Immunity Pathogens Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (JF, NA, AL)
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Namour F, Vayssière B, Galien R, Fagard L, Van der Aa A, Harrison P, Tasset C. AB0494 Filgotinib (GLPG0634), a Selective JAK1 Inhibitor, Shows Similar PK and PD Profiles in Japanese and Caucasian Healthy Volunteers. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Namour F, Desrivot J, Tasset C, Van der Aa A, van't Klooster G. AB0460 Glpg0634, A Selective JAK1 Inhibitor, Confirms Its Low Liability for Drug-Drug Interactions. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Namour F, Tasset C, van't Klooster G, Diderichsen P, Cox E. THU0123 Dose Selection of GLPG0634, a Selective JAK1 Inhibitor, for Rheumatoid Arthritis Phase 2B Studies: PK/PD and Exposure-DAS28 Modeling Approach. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Vanhoutte F, Mazur M, Namour F, van der Aa A, Wigerinck P, van ’t Klooster G. OP0263 Efficacy and safety of GLPG0634, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, after short-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; results of a phase IIA trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Guéant JL, Namour F, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Daval JL. Folate and fetal programming: a play in epigenomics? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:279-89. [PMID: 23474063 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Folate plays a key role in the interactions between nutrition, fetal programming, and epigenomics. Maternal folate status influences DNA methylation, inheritance of the agouti phenotype, expression of imprinting genes, and the effects of mycotoxin FB1 on heterochromatin assembly in rodent offspring. Deficiency in folate and other methyl donors increases birth defects and produces visceral manifestations of fetal programming, including liver and heart steatosis, through imbalanced methylation and acetylation of PGC1-α and decreased SIRT1 expression, and produces persistent cognitive and learning disabilities through impaired plasticity and hippocampal atrophy. Maternal folate supplementation also produces long-term epigenomic effects in offspring, some beneficial and others negative. Deciphering these mechanisms will help understanding the discordances between experimental models and population studies of folate deficiency and supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Guéant
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 954, Department of Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risk Exposure, University of Lorraine and University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Namour F, Galien R, Vanhoutte FP, Wigerinck P, van ’t Klooster G. THU0236 Once-Daily Dosing of GLPG0634, a Selective JAK1 Inhibitor, is Supported by Its Active Metabolite. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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15
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Barbaud A, Waton J, Herbeth B, Bursztejn A, Bollaert M, Schmutz J, Guéant-Rodriguez R, Namour F, Guéant J, Aimone-Gastin I. Comparison of cytokine gene polymorphism in drug-induced maculopapular eruption, urticaria and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:491-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Barbaud
- CHU Nancy; Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit; pôle des Spécialités médicales; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- INSERM; U954; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - J. Waton
- CHU Nancy; Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit; pôle des Spécialités médicales; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - B. Herbeth
- CHU Nancy; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire; Nutrition et Métabolisme; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Pharmacie; Nancy France
| | - A.C. Bursztejn
- CHU Nancy; Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit; pôle des Spécialités médicales; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- INSERM; U954; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - M. Bollaert
- CHU Nancy; Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit; pôle des Spécialités médicales; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - J.L. Schmutz
- CHU Nancy; Service de Dermatologie and INGRES research Unit; pôle des Spécialités médicales; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - R.M. Guéant-Rodriguez
- INSERM; U954; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- CHU Nancy; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire; Nutrition et Métabolisme; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - F. Namour
- INSERM; U954; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- CHU Nancy; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire; Nutrition et Métabolisme; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - J.L. Guéant
- INSERM; U954; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- CHU Nancy; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire; Nutrition et Métabolisme; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
| | - I. Aimone-Gastin
- Université de Lorraine; Faculté de Médecine; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
- CHU Nancy; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire; Nutrition et Métabolisme; Vandoeuvre les Nancy; France
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Pellanda H, Forges T, Bressenot A, Chango A, Bronowicki JP, Guéant JL, Namour F. Fumonisin FB1 treatment acts synergistically with methyl donor deficiency during rat pregnancy to produce alterations of H3- and H4-histone methylation patterns in fetuses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:976-85. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Namour F, Dobrovoljski G, Chery C, Audonnet S, Feillet F, Sperl W, Gueant JL. Luminal expression of cubilin is impaired in Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome with compound AMN mutations in intron 3 and exon 7. Haematologica 2011; 96:1715-9. [PMID: 21750092 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.043984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile megaloblastic anaemia 1 (OMIM # 261100) is a rare autosomic disorder characterized by selective cobalamin mal-absorption and inconstant proteinuria produced by mutations in either CUBN or AMN genes. Amnionless, the gene product of AMN, is a transmembrane protein that binds tightly to the N-terminal end of cubilin, the gene product of CUBN. Cubilin binds to intrinsic factor-cobalamin complex and is expressed in the distal intestine and the proximal renal tubule. We report a compound AMN heterozygosity with c.742C>T, p.Gln248X and c.208-2A>G mutations in 2 siblings that led to premature termination codon in exon 7 and exon 6, respectively. It produced a dramatic decrease in receptor activity in urine, despite absence of CUBN mutation and normal affinity of the receptor for intrinsic factor binding. Heterozygous carriers for c.742T and c.208-2G had no pathological signs. These results indicate that amnionless is essential for the correct luminal expression of cubilin in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Namour
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U954 Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France.
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18
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Feillet F, Chery C, Namour F, Kimmoun A, Favre E, Lorentz E, Battaglia-Hsu SF, Guéant JL. Evaluation of neonatal BH4 loading test in neonates screened for hyperphenylalaninemia. Early Hum Dev 2008; 84:561-7. [PMID: 18321666 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcome in phenylketonuria is related to the early diagnosis and management due to neonatal screening. AIMS To assess the interest of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) loading test and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) genotyping in the management of neonates with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). STUDY DESIGN We evaluate the effectiveness of a BH4 loading test (20 mg/kg) in ten neonates screened for HPA. We evaluated the time required to reach a target plasma Phenylalanine (Phe) level below 300 micromol/l. We compared these ten BH4-loaded patients to the 10 previous neonates non-loaded with BH4. In all these patients, the PAH genotype was determined. RESULTS One loaded patient had biopterin synthesis deficiency and has been retrieved from statistical analysis. All others patients have PAH deficiency. Between the BH4 loaded group (L) and the BH4 non-loaded group (NL), a statistically significant difference was observed in the average time required to reached the target Phe level (13.56 +/- 4.30 (L) vs. 20.6 +/- 7.59 days (NL) [p < 0.02]). Results of the genotyping from all but one of these 19 patients indicated that among all mutations present in this patient population, there were 4 known PAH mutations associated with BH4 responsiveness (p.R261Q, the p.V388 M, the p.E390G and the p.Y414C). These mutations were found in 4 non-loaded and 6 loaded patients. Two patients had a more than 90% reduction in their plasma Phe level within 24 h after the load. One of these patients had a PTPS deficiency. The other fully responsive patient (p.Y414C and IVS10-11G>A) has been treated with BH4 from birth with an excellent metabolic control for three years now. CONCLUSION BH4 loading test improves the management of HPA. It allows an immediate identification of the children fully responsive to BH4. Our results therefore suggest the incorporation of BH4 loading test in the management of neonates screened for HPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Feillet
- Reference Centre for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Pediatry, CHU of Nancy, Allée du Morvan, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, 54500, France.
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Guéant JL, Chabi NW, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Mutchinick OM, Debard R, Payet C, Lu X, Villaume C, Bronowicki JP, Quadros EV, Sanni A, Amouzou E, Xia B, Chen M, Anello G, Bosco P, Romano C, Arrieta HR, Sánchez BE, Romano A, Herbeth B, Anwar W, Namour F. Environmental influence on the worldwide prevalence of a 776C->G variant in the transcobalamin gene (TCN2). J Med Genet 2007; 44:363-7. [PMID: 17220211 PMCID: PMC2740879 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2006.048041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A 776C-->G variant (dbSNP ID: rs1801198) in the transcobalamin gene (TCN2; MIM# 275350) decreases the cellular and plasma concentration of transcobalamin and thereby influences the cellular availability of vitamin B(12). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the worldwide prevalence of this variant and its association with homocysteine plasma level. METHODS The study was performed in 1433 apparently healthy subjects, including Afro-Americans and Afro-Africans and in 251 Afro-Africans participants with severe malaria. RESULTS The frequencies of the 776G allele were the highest in China (0.607; 95% CI 0.554 to 0.659), low in West Africa (Bénin and Togo, 0.178; 0.154 to 0.206), and intermediate in France (0.445; 0.408 to 0.481), Italy (0.352; 0.299 to 0.409), Morocco (0.370; 0.300 to 0.447) and Mexico (0.374; 0.392 to 0.419). The 776G genotype was more frequent in Afro-Americans from New York (16.7; 8.4 to 30.7) and in Afro-African patients with severe malaria (6.0%; 95% CI 3.7 to 9.6) than in healthy Afro-African volunteers (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.033, respectively), while no difference was observed for MTHFR 677TT and 677T alleles. A disequilibrium of TCN2 genotype distribution was recorded in patients with severe malaria, with a twofold higher GG genotype than expected (p = 0.010). An association between the TCN2 polymorphism and homocysteine was observed only in Mexico and France, the two countries with the highest rate of low plasma concentration of vitamin B(12) (<100 pmol/l). CONCLUSION Given the dramatic heterogeneity of the 776G allele frequency worldwide, this polymorphism may be prone to a selective pressure or confers an evolutionary advantage in confronting environmental factors, one of which is malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Guéant
- Inserm U-724, Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, University Henry Poincaré of Nancy, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France.
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20
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Namour F, Ayav A, Lu X, Klein M, Muresan M, Bresler L, Tramoy D, Guéant JL, Brunaud L. Lack of association between microsatellite instability and benign adrenal tumors. World J Surg 2006; 30:1240-6. [PMID: 16715450 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-005-0471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adrenal gland may give rise to pheochromocytomas, which are catecholamine-producing tumors originating from the adrenal medulla, or to adrenocortical tumors, which derive from the adrenocortical cortex and may be secreting or not. The genetic mechanisms underlying the formation of these tumors include somatic mutations in susceptibility genes, especially in the familial forms, and allelic loss, especially in chromosome 1. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate a third genetic mechanism by evaluating microsatellite instability using the reference markers (Bat25, Bat26, D2S123, D5S346, D17S250) validated by the National Cancer Institute. Microsatellite loci were analyzed in 32 benign tumors, including 11 pheochromocytomas and 21 adrenocortical tumors, in patients with and without familial syndrome. RESULTS The different alleles of microsatellite loci were reliably detected by DNA fragments analysis, whereas data obtained after melting-point analysis on the Lightcycler were inconsistent. No microsatellite instability was detected in any tumor. One patient with a unilateral pheochromocytoma showed a loss of heterozygosity for D17S250. A second patient with a MEN-2A syndrome and a two-sided pheochromocytoma exhibited a loss of heterozygosity for D2S123 in the right tumor only and a retention of heterozygosity for all markers in the left tumor. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that microsatellite instability, evaluated by the five reference markers of the National Cancer Institute, is not a feature of benign adrenal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Namour
- Department of Biochemistry, CHU Nancy-Brabois, INSERM U724, allée du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
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Guéant JL, Xiaohong L, Ortiou S, Gérard P, Shue S, Namour F. The association between plasma homocysteine and holo-transcobalamin and the transcobalamin 776C→G polymorphism is influenced by folate in the absence of supplementation and fortified diet. Am J Clin Nutr 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/83.1.171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Guéant JL, Xiaohong L, Ortiou S, Gérard P, Shue S, Namour F. The association between plasma homocysteine and holo-transcobalamin and the transcobalamin 776C-->G polymorphism is influenced by folate in the absence of supplementation and fortified diet. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83:171-2. [PMID: 16400066 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/83.1.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Namour F, Helfer AC, Quadros EV, Alberto JM, Bibi HM, Orning L, Rosenblatt DS, Jean-Louis G. Transcobalamin deficiency due to activation of an intra exonic cryptic splice site. Br J Haematol 2003; 123:915-20. [PMID: 14632784 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04685.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcobalamin (TC), a vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) binding protein in plasma, promotes the cellular uptake of the vitamin by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Inherited TC deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by megaloblastic anaemia caused by cellular vitamin B12 depletion. It may be accompanied by neurological complications, including a delay in psychomotor and mental development. This report describes three sisters with inherited TC deficiency resulting from a splicing defect in the TC gene. A point mutation was identified in intron 3 splice site of the TC gene that activates a cryptic splice site in exon 3. The transcript generated has an in-frame deletion of 81 nucleotides and the resulting truncated protein is unstable and not secreted by the cells. Until now, genetic studies have been reported in only five patients with TC deficiency and the molecular defect was different in each of them, which gives evidence for a genetic heterogeneity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Namour
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, EMI-INSERM 0014, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Cedex, France.
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Cavé H, Acquaviva C, Bièche I, Brault D, de Fraipont F, Fina F, Loric S, Maisonneuve L, Namour F, Tuffery S. [RT-PCR in clinical diagnosis]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2003; 61:635-44. [PMID: 14711604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Application fields of RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) in clinical diagnosis comprises the assessment of viral load for RNA viruses and the analysis of gene transcription products. RT-PCR is also helpful when large genes have to be sequenced. Developments of quantitative approaches using real-time PCR recently led to a major widening of RT-PCR applications in clinical diagnosis. However, RT reaction is delicate due to its lack of reproducibility and to RNA lability and frequent contamination by DNA. In some cases additional difficulties come from the need to obtain a specific amplification in the presence of homologous sequences which might be present in higher amounts than the sequence of interest. These caveats have to be taken into account, when designing the RT protocol, and when choosing PCR primers and internal and/or external references. This review is aimed at helping the experimental setup of a RT-PCR based assay according to the objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cavé
- Laboratoire de biochimie génétique, Fédération de génétique, Hôpital Robert Debré (AP-HP), 48, boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris.
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25
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Adjalla CE, Amouzou EK, Sanni A, Abdelmouttaleb I, Chabi NW, Namour F, Soussou B, Guéant JL. Low frequency of mutated methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C-->T and 1298A-->C genetics single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Sub-Saharan populations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003; 41:1028-32. [PMID: 12964809 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2003.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase (MTR) are two of the key enzymes in the folate/vitamin B12-dependent remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. The frequencies of MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 677C-->T, 1298A-->C, 1317T-->C and of MTR, 2756A-->G, have been widely studied in Caucasians, but they have never been reported simultaneously in a large population from Sub-Saharan Africa. Presently, we report the prevalence of these SNPs and their relationship to homocysteine in 240 subjects recruited in West Africa. The frequencies of the mutant genotypes 677TT (0.8%) and 1298CC (2%) were lower than that usually observed in Caucasians, while the frequency of the mutant 1317CC was higher (16%). We formed a systematic association of the mutated MTHFR 677C-->T SNP with a 1298A/1317T common haplotype. The MTHFR mutant genotype 677TT was associated with an intermediate hyperhomocysteinemia (92.4 +/- 6.0 micromol/l) higher than that described in Caucasians. The 2756A-->G SNP in the MTR was similarly distributed in Africans compared to Caucasians. In conclusion, the MTHFR 677TTor 1298CC genotypes are much rarer in Africans than in Caucasians. The 677TT low frequency may be related to the high effect of this mutation on homocysteine metabolism in the environmental conditions of this African region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Adjalla
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition, INSERM 00-14, Faculty of Medicine, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France
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Rezai-Zadeh N, Zhang X, Namour F, Fejer G, Wen YD, Yao YL, Gyory I, Wright K, Seto E. Targeted recruitment of a histone H4-specific methyltransferase by the transcription factor YY1. Genes Dev 2003; 17:1019-29. [PMID: 12704081 PMCID: PMC196041 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1068003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of specific residues within the N-terminal histone tails plays a critical role in regulating eukaryotic gene expression. Although great advances have been made toward identifying histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and elucidating the consequences of histone methylation, little is known about the recruitment of HMTs to regulatory regions of chromatin. Here we report that the sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) binds to and recruits the histone H4 (Arg 3)-specific methyltransferase, PRMT1, to a YY1-activated promoter. Our data confirm that histone methylation does not occur randomly but rather is a targeted event and provides one mechanism by which HMTs can be recruited to chromatin to activate gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Rezai-Zadeh
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA
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Andolfatto S, Namour F, Garnier AL, Chabot F, Gueant JL, Aimone-Gastin I. Genomic DNA extraction from small amounts of serum to be used for alpha1-antitrypsin genotype analysis. Eur Respir J 2003; 21:215-9. [PMID: 12608432 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00044303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
If laboratory diagnosis of alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) deficiency is usually based on its phenotype identification by isoelectric focusing, alpha1-antiprotease inhibitor (Pi)S and PiZ genotypes can also be determined by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based methods. Recently, several methods have been described for preparing genomic DNA from serum. The aim of the current study was to determine the Pi allele from serum extracted DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to compare these results with those obtained with whole blood extracted DNA. Serum alpha1-AT concentration and phenotypic identification were systematically performed in 43 hospitalised patients. Genomic DNA was simultaneously purified from whole blood and from serum. The mutation detection was found using a PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis method. Concerning phenotypic identification, 29 patients were MM homozygotes, 11 were heterozygotes for S (MS = 7) or for Z (MZ = 4) and three showed a ZZ phenotype. Genotyping analyses gave identical results with serum and whole blood extracted DNA and all the results were in agreement with the phenotyping results. The authors found that the deoxyribonucleic acid-based test proved to be a reliable tool for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency diagnosis and appears to be an alternative for the labour intensive alpha1-antitrypsin determination by isoelectric focusing. The authors also concluded that this method yields good quality deoxyribonucleic acid from serum, equal to that extracted from whole blood and is helpful in retrospective studies of multiple genetic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Andolfatto
- Laboratory of Proteins Biochemistry, University Hospital of Nancy-Brabois, Nancy, France
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28
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is one of the five most frequent food allergies in children and in adults. Recently, we purified and evaluated the allergenicity of peanut oleosins, a family of small-sized proteins involved in the formation of peanut oil bodies. METHODS Allergenicity of the purified native protein and of the recombinant protein was tested by Western blot and by IgE-RIA. RESULTS We found IgE-binding with oleosin in 3 of 14 sera of patients who had suffered an allergic reaction to peanuts. Two sera reacted weakly against 16-18 kDa proteins corresponding to oleosin monomers, in Western blot. The main reacting bands had a molecular size estimated at approximately 34 kDa, approximately 50 kDa and approximately 68 kDa and could therefore correspond to oleosin oligomers. IgE reactivity was higher in extracts from roasted peanuts. The same phenomenon occurred with crude soybean oil fraction, with two bands of 16.5 and 24 kDa corresponding to monomers, and two bands of 50 kDa and 76 kDa corresponding to dimers and trimers, respectively. The 18 kDa band was observed in the 3 Western blots of a membrane-enriched fraction of recombinant oleosin produced in the Sf9-baculovirus expression system (performed with the 3 patient sera). CONCLUSIONS We have characterized a new peanut allergen which belongs to the oleosins, a family of proteins involved in the formation of oil bodies. The protein may be involved in some of the allergic cross-reactions to peanuts and soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pons
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, EMI-INSERM 0014, URM IFREMER no. 20, Faculté de Médecine, F-54500 Vandouevre, France
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Romano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, UCSC-Allergy Unit, Cl Columbus, I-00168 Rome, Italy
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Namour F, Sultan E, Pascual MH, Lenfant B. Penetration of telithromycin (HMR 3647), a new ketolide antimicrobial, into inflammatory blister fluid following oral administration. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 49:1035-8. [PMID: 12039900 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkf062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The penetration of telithromycin (HMR 3647), a novel ketolide antimicrobial, has been assessed in an open, single-dose study in eight healthy male subjects. Following a single, oral, 600 mg dose the mean ratio of the concentration of telithromycin in blister fluid over plasma was 1.38. Significant blister fluid concentrations were maintained up to 24 h post-dose. These results indicate that telithromycin penetrates well into inflammatory extracellular fluid, achieving high and sustained concentrations in this medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Namour
- Aventis Pharma, Hoechst Marion Roussel/Romainville, 102 Route de Noisy, 93235 Romainville, France.
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Guy M, Pons L, Namour F, de Nonancourt M, Michalski JC, Hatier R, Guéant JL. Paracellular transport of avidin saturated or not with biotinylated cobalamin through Caco-2 cell epithelium monolayer. Cell Physiol Biochem 2002; 11:271-8. [PMID: 11684816 DOI: 10.1159/000047813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cationic charge of molecules may promote their uptake across epithelia, which are rich in brush border anionic sites. The transport of unsaturated avidin and avidin saturated with a biotinylated compound was investigated across Caco-2 adenocarcinoma cell with fetal enterocyte phenotype. METHODS The unsaturated avidin and avidin saturated with either biotin or a biotinyl-cobalamin conjugate (biotinyl-Cbl) were iodinated to follow their transport through the cell monolayer. Their apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) and transepithelial pathway were determined and compared to those for control radiolabeled markers [3H]-mannitol, [125I]-beta-lactoglobulin and [57Co]-cobalamin/intrinsic factor (Cbl/IF). RESULTS The Papp of [125I]-avidin estimated at 2.8 x 10(-7) +/- 0.08 cm/s was close to that for mannitol that uses paracellular pathway. The binding of biotin or biotin conjugate to avidin enhanced its tetrameric conformation. The Papp for [125I]-avidin/biotin and [125I]- avidin/biotinyl-Cbl were respectively increased by 2-fold, compared to that for [125I]-avidin and 4-fold, compared to that for [125I]-beta-lactoglobulin and [54Co]-Cbl/IF. The protein was not accumulated in the cell and was found in intact form in the basolateral side, after its transport across the monolayer. Chloroquine (0.66 micromol/ml) did not significantly decrease the Papp for [125I]-avidin/biotinyl-Cbl. Conversely it decreased by 80% the Papp for Cbl/IF, that uses transepithelial pathway. CONCLUSIONS Avidin (either saturated or not with biotin and biotinyl-Cbl) was able to cross the monolayer of Caco-2 cell line through a paracellular pathway. This study pointed out the interest for using this protein as a shuttle for increasing the transport rate of biotinylated compounds through fetal epithelial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guy
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire en Nutrition-EMI INSERM 0014-URM IFREMER 20, Faculté de Médecine, Universite de Nancy
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de Nonancourt-Didion M, Guéant JL, Adjalla C, Chéry C, Hatier R, Namour F. Overexpression of folate binding protein alpha is one of the mechanism explaining the adaptation of HT29 cells to high concentration of methotrexate. Cancer Lett 2001; 171:139-45. [PMID: 11520597 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 can be adapted to 10(-7)- 10(-4) M concentrations of methotrexate (MTX). Cells adapted to 10(-4) M MTX have an enterocyte-like phenotype with DHFR gene amplification. Presently, we hypothetized that an increased expression of folate binding protein (FBP) may participate to the MTX resistance of 10(-4) MTX HT29 cells. The cDNA FBPalpha/beta-actin ratio of amplified transcripts was 4.8- and 1.5- fold higher in 10(-4) and in 10(-7) M MTX HT29 respectively, than in standard type HT29 cells. An increase of transcript level was observed when decreasing folic acid concentration. PI-PLC cleaved 7.7 times more membrane FBP in 10(-4) M than in 10(-7) M MTX and wild type HT29 cells. In contrast to 10(-7) M MTX cells, growth of 10(-4) M MTX cells was dependent on folic acid concentration and abolished at a concentration lower than 0.9 microM. In conclusion, the adaptive mechanism of HT29 cells resistant to 10(-4) M MTX is the result of the synergistic overexpression of both DHFR and FBPalpha. Overexpression of FBPalpha may be related to the enterocyte-like phenotype of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Nonancourt-Didion
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition. INSERM EMI 0014 Medical Faculty, University of Nancy I-54505, Vandoeuvre les Nancy cedex, France
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Anwar W, Guéant JL, Abdelmouttaleb I, Adjalla C, Gérard P, Lemoel G, Erraess N, Moutabarrek A, Namour F. Hyperhomocysteinemia is related to residual glomerular filtration and folate, but not to methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase and methionine synthase polymorphisms, in supplemented end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2001; 39:747-52. [PMID: 11592445 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2001.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular filtration is one of the major determinants of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy). To evaluate the respective roles of residual glomerular filtration (by measuring a specific protein marker, cystatin C), genetic polymorphisms and nutritional status in tHcy blood levels in end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD) under hemodialysis and supplemented with folate, we measured tHcy, folate, vitamin B12 (B12), creatinine, cystatin C, albumin and C-reactive protein and determined the polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (C677T and A1289C) and of methionine synthase (MS) (A2756G) in 114 ESRD patients before hemodialysis and 76 control subjects. All patients received a folate supplementation of 700 microg/day. Hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in all patients and exceeded the upper normal limit by 2-fold in 52.4% of the patients. Serum folate was significantly increased and the B12 level was not different from controls. Folate, Cystatin C and creatinine were significantly correlated to tHcy, while no correlation was found between tHcy, albumin and C-reactive protein. No difference in genotype frequency between ESRD patients and controls was found for MTHFR A1289C and MS A2756G. The MTHFR 677TT genotype was less frequent and was associated with a significantly higher tHcy level in patients. Folate and residual glomerular filtration estimated by cystatin C and creatinine levels were two independent determinants of tHcy in ESRD patients. These data suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia is a consequence as well as a complicating factor of renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Anwar
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition--EMI INSERM 0014 et URM IFREMER 20, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre, France
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Rodriguez RM, Guéant JL, Gastin IA, Angioi M, Abdelmoutaleb I, Saint-Laudy J, Gérard P, Namour F, Grentzinger A, Romano A, Juillière Y, Danchin N. Comparison of effects of ioxaglate versus iomeprol on histamine and tryptase release in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88:185-8, A6. [PMID: 11448422 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We observed a release of histamine, but not of tryptase, in arterial blood from 64 patients with ischemic heart disease and 24 patients without coronary disease, which was provoked by ioxaglate, a ionic compound, but was not provoked by iomeprol, a non-ionic radiocontrast compound. The release of histamine in arterial blood after ionic contrast medium injection was higher in patients with ischemic heart disease compared with patients without coronary disease, suggesting that an increased release from heart mast cells previously observed exists also for systemic blood basophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Rodriguez
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre, France.
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Namour F, Olivier J, Abdelmouttaleb I, Adjalla C, Debard R, Salvat C, Guéant J. Transcobalamin codon 259 polymorphism in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells and in Caucasians: relation to transcobalamin and homocysteine concentration in blood. Blood 2001; 97:1092-8. [PMID: 11159542 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.4.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcobalamin (TC) is the plasma transporter that delivers vitamin B(12) to cells. We have already reported that HT-29 and Caco-2 cells secrete different TC variants. HT-29 secretes 2 TC isoproteins (codon 259-Pro/Arg [259-P/R]), exhibiting unequal concentrations (TC 259-P > TC 259-R), and Caco-2 cells only secrete the phenotype 259-R. We investigated the relation between phenotypic and genetic TC polymorphism in HT-29 cells transfected with Caco-2 TC complementary DNA and in 159 healthy Caucasians. We found that codon 259-R is buried and, thus, the genetic polymorphism provides no explanation why the TCs from HT-29 and Caco-2 cells have different isoelectric points in nondenaturing isoelectric focusing (IEF). The newly translated TC in HT-29 cells from the Caco-2 complementary DNA recombinant plasmid had the same isoelectric point as the TC constitutively expressed in HT-29 cells, suggesting that TC phenotypic variability involves a specific cell folding of the protein. The codon 259 polymorphism was found to have a biallelic distribution: homozygotes P = 34.6%, heterozygotes R/P = 47.8%, and homozygotes R = 17.6%. In heterozygous samples, the IEF showed that the TC 259-P/TC 259-R ratio = 1.6. The blood apo-TC concentration of 259-P homozygous Caucasians was significantly higher than that of homozygous 259-R (P <.0001) and heterozygous (P <.0006) Caucasians. The heterozygotes 259-R/P had homocysteine concentration significantly higher than the homozygotes 259-R and 259-P (P =.02 and P =.01, respectively). In conclusion, TC codon-259 polymorphism affects TC plasma concentration and may interfere in vitamin B(12) cellular availability and homocysteine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Namour
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, INSERM 0014, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Vandoeuvre Cedex France
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Namour F, Wessels DH, Pascual MH, Reynolds D, Sultan E, Lenfant B. Pharmacokinetics of the new ketolide telithromycin (HMR 3647) administered in ascending single and multiple doses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:170-5. [PMID: 11120961 PMCID: PMC90256 DOI: 10.1128/aac.45.1.170-175.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Telithromycin (HMR 3647) is a novel ketolide antimicrobial with good activity against both common and atypical respiratory pathogens, including many resistant strains. This randomized, three-period crossover study determined the dose proportionality of telithromycin pharmacokinetics after single and multiple dosing in healthy subjects. In each treatment period, subjects received a single oral dose of 400, 800 or 1,600 mg of telithromycin followed 4 days later by the same dose once daily for 7 days. Blood and urine samples were taken throughout the study for determination of pharmacokinetic parameters for telithromycin and RU 76363, its main metabolite. Telithromycin and RU 76363 achieved steady state within 2 to 3 days of once-daily dosing. A slight accumulation of telithromycin was observed after 7 days of therapy, with values of the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h approximately 1.5 times higher than those achieved with the single dose. The pharmacokinetics of telithromycin and RU 76363 deviated moderately from dose proportionality. At a dose of 800 mg/day, telithromycin attained mean maximal and trough plasma concentrations of 2.27 and 0. 070 mg/liter respectively. Elimination was biphasic; initial and terminal half-lives were 2.87 and 9.81 h for the 800-mg dose. Study medication was well tolerated, although adverse events tended to be more frequent at the 1,600-mg dose. This study showed that telithromycin was generally well tolerated and suggests that a once-daily 800-mg oral dose of telithromycin maintains an effective concentration in plasma for the treatment of respiratory tract infections involving the key respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Namour
- Aventis Pharma, Hoechst Marion Roussel/Romaineville, 93235 Romainville Cedex, France.
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Abdelmouttaleb I, Danchin N, Aimone-Gastin I, Namour F, Angioi M, Gelot MA, Bennani N, Lambert D, Jeandel C, Guéant JL. Homocysteine, vitamins B6, B12, folate, and risk of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Amino Acids 2000; 18:139-46. [PMID: 10817406 DOI: 10.1007/s007260050012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine and vitamins B were correlated with coronary artery disease in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. 160 patients having > or =1 stenosis (G1), 55 patients having normal coronary arteries (G2) and 171 healthy volunteers (G3) were prospectively recruited. Homocysteine levels were significantly higher in patients, particularly in those with normal coronary angiograms, than in healthy subjects (13.8 +/-6.3 micromol/L in G1 (p < 0.0001) and 15.2 +/- 8.8 micromol/L in G2 (p < 0.0001) versus 10.1 +/- 3.1 micromol/L in G3). Homocysteine levels were not related to the extent of coronary artery disease. In patients with normal angiogram, vitamin B12 and folate levels were significantly higher compared with the other groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) showing that vitamin B deficiency was not involved in the hyperhomocysteinemia. In conclusion, homocysteine and vitamins B levels do not contribute to discriminate for the presence of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Homocysteine levels, however, were higher in patients referred for coronary angiography than in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Abdelmouttaleb
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition (EP-CNRS 616), Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
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Saviana B, Pons L, Namour F, Quilliot D, Ziegler O, Guéant JL. Sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoretic preparation of protein standard human apolipoprotein B-48. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2000; 742:421-6. [PMID: 10901147 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Quantitation of plasma apo B-48 is currently performed by densitometric analysis of SDS-PAGE zones stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue, using standard solutions of purified apo B-48. Here, preparative gel electrophoresis with a continuous elution system was used for purifying apo B-48. A chylomicron fraction was isolated by 107,000 g ultracentrifugation of a chylous ascite. The proteins were delipidated and precipitated in ethanol-diethyl ether (3:1, v/v), subjected to preparative electrophoresis in a 5% polyacrylamide gel and eluted in 0.1% SDS. The peak containing apo B-48 was eluted at a retention time of 445-480 min. The purity of apo B-48 in this fraction was assessed by the detection of a single band (M(r) 260,000) after silver staining and Coomassie staining of 4-15% gradient SDS-PAGE. It was confirmed by the absence of apo B-100 contaminant in Western blot of the purified protein preparation. A linear relationship was observed between the densitometric analysis of SDS-PAGE bands and the apo B-48 in a protein range of 0-3 microg. In conclusion, preparative gel electrophoresis was used in a single step purification of apo B-48 that was adapted to the preparation of a standard solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Saviana
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, Equipe Mixte INSERM 00-14, Faculté de Médecome de Nancy, Vandoeuvre lès-Nancy, France
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Guéant JL, Mata E, Namour F, Romano A, Aimone-Gastin I, Kanny G, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Laxenaire MC. Criteria of evaluation and of interpretation of Sepharose drug IgE-RIA to anaesthetic drugs. Allergy 2000; 54 Suppl 58:17-22. [PMID: 10735644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The detection of antidrug specific IgE in serum is usually performed by a sandwich-type immunoassay in which the serum IgE is first adsorbed to a reactive phase and subsequently quantified via the binding of an anti-IgE tracer. The preparation of a new drug-reactive phase requires one to establish carefully different steps of validation: 1) criteria of positivity of control sera 2) competitive inhibition assays with the soluble drug, which should include the determination of the inhibition constant rather than estimation of a single inhibition percentage, especially when the assay is performed for the identification of determinants 3) estimation of nonspecific binding of IgE to the solid phase, including hydrophobic binding. The competitive inhibition depends on the concentration of the competitor and of IgE in the test-tube and the concentration of reactive drug bound to the solid phase. We have improved the inhibition assay by performing the Dixon test for calculating the inhibition constant (Ki) of the competitor. The Ki of six different muscle relaxants was determined in 12 patients who experienced an anaphylactic reaction to muscle relaxants. The values ranged between 1.5 nM and 2.5 microM. This confirmed the great heterogeneity of drug IgE cross-reactivity among patients. The Ki value of the incriminated drug was the lowest (affinity, the highest) in eight of the 12 patients. It was better correlated to clinical data than the classical inhibition assay. A hydrophobic environment seemed to be necessary, close to the quaternary ion, to allow IgE binding to the muscle relaxant. By contrast, in tiemonium, a hydroxyl group present at a distance of about 3 A from the quaternary ion may explain why this molecule had a high Ki (microM). In conclusion, it should be recommended, in molecular-recognition studies, that the inhibition constant of the soluble drug and of the related compounds be determined to complement the experiments based only on hapten inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Guéant
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Nutrition (EP-CNRS 616), University of Nancy, France
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Laroche D, Namour F, Lefrançois C, Aimone-Gastin I, Romano A, Sainte-Laudy J, Laxenaire MC, Guéant JL. Anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions to iodinated contrast material. Allergy 2000; 54 Suppl 58:13-6. [PMID: 10735643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Some adverse reactions to iodinated contrast material (ICM) are considered allergy-like, with cutaneous, cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive symptoms. Allergy-like reactions are usually unpredictable. Reactions are more frequent with ionic than with nonionic material, but the frequency of deaths is almost identical. In a recent study, 20 severe unexpected reactions to ICM, including 10 life-threatening reactions and one death, were investigated by measuring mediators in blood, within the first minutes or hours of reaction. The responsible ICMs were mostly ionic materials. Histamine and tryptase release correlated with the severity of the reaction. Specific IgE against the responsible ICM was significantly higher in reactors than in controls. A few patients had positive skin tests to the administered ICM, suggesting type-I allergic reaction. Only 2.4% and 3.1% of the cases yielded a positive IgE-RIA, in a second retrospective study which included 165 patients recruited during a 4-year period. In conclusion, IgE-mediated anaphylaxis is rare, but it may be one of the possible mechanisms of severe adverse reactions to ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Laroche
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, EP CNRS 616 et Département d'Anesthésie, Université de Nancy, France.
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Capo-chichi CD, Guéant JL, Feillet F, Namour F, Vidailhet M. Analysis of riboflavin and riboflavin cofactor levels in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2000; 739:219-24. [PMID: 10744329 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe an assay which determines simultaneously riboflavin (RF), flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in plasma, using galactoflavin (GF) as an internal standard. The flavins were extracted on a C18 Sep-Pack cartridge after protein precipitation with 10% trichloroacetic acid, and were analyzed on a C18 RP-HPLC with 85% phosphate-magnesium acetate buffer (pH 3.4) and 15% acetonitrile. FAD, FMN, GF and RF extraction recoveries were 101.0-5.6, 97.0-6.5, 97.0-2.0 and 95.0-4.1%, and reproducibilities were 5.9, 6.8, 2.1 and 4.3%, respectively. FAD, FMN and RF values in infant and adolescent plasma were in the range 53.5-108.2, 9.0-25.1 and 12.7-53.4 nM, and 36.5-157.20, 7.1-24.6 and 8.2-57.8 nM, respectively. Using GF as an internal standard improved the quantification of these B2 vitamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Capo-chichi
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, EP CNRS 616, Faculté de Médecine de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Guéant JL, Mata E, Namour F, Romano A, Aimone-Gastin I, Kanny G, Moneiet-Vautrin D, Laxenaire MC. Criteria of evaluation and of interpretation of Sepharose drug IgE-RIA to anaesthetic drugs. Allergy 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Laroche D, Namour F, Lefrançois C, Aimone-Gastin I, Romano A, Sainte-Laudy J, Laxenaire MC, Guéant JL. Anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions to iodinated contrast material. Allergy 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04742.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Guéant JL, Mata E, Namour F, Romano A, Aimone-Gastin I, Kanny G, Moneiet-Vautrin D, Laxenaire MC. Criteria of evaluation and of interpretation of Sepharose drug IgE-RIA to anaesthetic drugs. Allergy 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Laroche D, Namour F, Lefrançois C, Aimone-Gastin I, Romano A, Sainte-Laudy J, Laxenaire MC, Guéant JL. Anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions to iodinated contrast material. Allergy 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Guéant JL, Chery C, Namour F, Aimone-Gastin I, Wustinger M. Decreased affinity of urinary intrinsic factor-cobalamin receptor in a case of Gräsbeck-Imerslund syndrome. Gastroenterology 1999; 116:1274-6. [PMID: 10220529 DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Namour F, Morali A, Ilardo C, Abballe X, Maury F, Guéant JL. Comparison between serum alpha-glutathione S-transferase and aminotransaminases in detecting cytolysis in hepatitis C-infected children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1999; 28:534-7. [PMID: 10328133 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199905000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND alpha-Glutathione S-transferase (alphaGST) has been proposed as a more sensitive indicator than serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in detecting hepatocellular damage due to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS The accuracy of alpha-GST was compared with that of ALT and AST in detecting cytolysis in 103 blood samples issued from 31 children positive for HCV RNA. RESULTS alpha-GST had a lower sensitivity than ALT or AST (32% vs. 54.4% for each aminotransferase). The sensitivity of ALT and/or AST was 60.2%, whereas that of ALT and/or alpha-GST and AST and/or alpha-GST was lower (58.3% and 57.3%, respectively). Among 41 serum samples with negative ALT and AST, only 2 had positive alpha-GST, whereas alpha-GST failed to detect cytolysis in 31 samples with elevated ALT and/or AST. No correlation was found between alpha-GST, ALT, or AST and the Knodell score. CONCLUSIONS The combination of ALT with AST is actually the best compromise in detecting cytolysis in untreated HCV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Namour
- Laboratoire de Biochimie des Protéines, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre, France
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Namour F, Guy M, Aimone-Gastin I, de Nonancourt M, Mrabet N, Guéant JL. Isoelectrofocusing phenotype and relative concentration of transcobalamin II isoproteins related to the codon 259 Arg/Pro polymorphism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 251:769-74. [PMID: 9790985 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated transcobalamin II (TC) isoelectrofocusing (IEF) phenotype and codon 259 polymorphism, in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and in blood drawn from 39 healthy Caucasians. Caco-2 cells expressed a single TC variant (259-Arg), while HT-29 cells expressed TC with either Arg or Pro at codon 259 and exhibited two isoproteins in IEF with urea, but only one in IEF without urea. Among the Caucasians, 7 subjects expressed the TC 259-Arg variant, 10 the 259-Pro variant, and 22 were heterozygous. The TC 259-Pro isoprotein issued from HT-29 cells and heterozygous caucasian sera, was, respectively, 2. 4-fold and 1.6-fold higher than the TC 259-Arg isoprotein. Apo-TC and vitamin B12 serum concentrations in 259-Pro homozygotes were, respectively, 1.7 and 1.4-fold higher than those in 259-Arg homozygotes (p<0.005 and p=0.05). In conclusion, the 259-Arg/Pro polymorphism yields two TC variants only titratable in denaturing conditions and affects the blood level of both Apo-TC and vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Namour
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, EP CNRS 616, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, Cedex, 54505, France
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Gueant JL, Aimone-Gastin I, Namour F, Laroche D, Bellou A, Laxenaire MC. Diagnosis and pathogenesis of the anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions to anaesthetics. Clin Exp Allergy 1998; 28 Suppl 4:65-70. [PMID: 9761037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Immediate adverse reactions to anaesthetics have an immune mechanism in more than 50% of the cases. They are mainly due to muscle relaxant drugs. A prospective evaluation of tryptase, histamine and serotonin for diagnosing anaphylaxis to anaesthetics was performed over 2 years. The sensitivity of each marker was at 60-70% and it reached 80% when combining tryptase and histamine. Specific IgE have been already observed in serum from patients allergic to muscle relaxant, thiopentone, morphine, phenoperidine, propofol and radio-contrast media. However, the recent progress in the identification of drug epitopes by Sepharose-solid drug phase IgE radioimmunoassay has to be reconsidered as non-specific binding of hydrophobic drugs such as propofol to hydrophobic serum IgE has been observed recently in patients with drug allergy. In addition, association of drugs such as propofol and muscle relaxant may potentiate the mediator release by a non-elucidated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gueant
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Cellulaire et Moléculaire en Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université H. Poincaré-Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
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