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Anderson G, Rega ML, Casasanta D, Graffigna G, Damiani G, Barello S. The association between patient activation and healthcare resources utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2022; 210:134-141. [PMID: 35970015 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the association between patient activation and hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visits among adults with chronic diseases. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of English articles was performed using the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. Articles were searched from 2005 until July 2021. Observational studies that measured the association between patient activation, measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), and hospitalization or ED visits among adults with chronic or multichronic diseases were included. Pairs of reviewers independently screened the studies and extracted data for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The methodological quality was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool. RESULTS A total of nine observational studies (153,121 participants) were included in the qualitative synthesis, whereas six were pooled in the quantitative synthesis (151,359 participants). High levels of patient activation were significantly associated with a reduced risk for both hospitalizations (RR [95% CI] = 0.69 [0.61; 0.77], I2 = 78%) and ED visits (RR [95% CI] = 0.76 [0.70; 0.84], I2 = 72%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the existence of an inverse association between patient activation and healthcare resources utilization. Further observational studies are needed to fully comprehend the magnitude of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - M L Rega
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- Children Hospital Bambino Gesù, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165, Roma, Italy
| | - G Graffigna
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan, 20123, Italy; EngageMinds HUB - Consumer, Food & Health Engagement Research Center, Milan, 20123, Italy; Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, Cremona, 26100, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - S Barello
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan, 20123, Italy; EngageMinds HUB - Consumer, Food & Health Engagement Research Center, Milan, 20123, Italy.
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2
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Moorthi S, Paguirigan A, Anderson G, Porter P, Herndon M, Jhingan E, Ha G, Berger A. FP12.12 Lung Cancer in Women Never-Smokers: A Genomics Perspective of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Abstract
It is widely accepted that the pathophysiology and treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) could be considerably improved. The heterogeneity of ME/CFS and the confusion over its classification have undoubtedly contributed to this, although this would seem a consequence of the complexity of the array of ME/CFS presentations and high levels of diverse comorbidities. This article reviews the biological underpinnings of ME/CFS presentations, including the interacting roles of the gut microbiome/permeability, endogenous opioidergic system, immune cell mitochondria, autonomic nervous system, microRNA-155, viral infection/re-awakening and leptin as well as melatonin and the circadian rhythm. This details not only relevant pathophysiological processes and treatment options, but also highlights future research directions. Due to the complexity of interacting systems in ME/CFS pathophysiology, clarification as to its biological underpinnings is likely to considerably contribute to the understanding and treatment of other complex and poorly managed conditions, including fibromyalgia, depression, migraine, and dementia. The gut and immune cell mitochondria are proposed to be two important hubs that interact with the circadian rhythm in driving ME/CFS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London, UK.
| | - M Maes
- Dept Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dept Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.; IMPACT Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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4
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Tahoun M, Chandler JC, Ashton E, Haston S, Hannan A, Kim JS, D’Arco F, Bockenhauer D, Anderson G, Lin MH, Marzouk S, Saied MH, Miner JH, Dattani MT, Waters AM. Mutations in LAMB2 Are Associated With Albuminuria and Optic Nerve Hypoplasia With Hypopituitarism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5643661. [PMID: 31769495 PMCID: PMC7048679 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mutations in LAMB2, encoding the basement membrane protein, laminin β2, are associated with an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital nephrotic syndrome, ocular abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental delay (Pierson syndrome). CASE DESCRIPTION This report describes a 12-year-old boy with short stature, visual impairment, and developmental delay who presented with macroscopic hematuria and albuminuria. He had isolated growth hormone deficiency, optic nerve hypoplasia, and a small anterior pituitary with corpus callosum dysgenesis on his cranial magnetic resonance imaging, thereby supporting a diagnosis of optic nerve hypoplasia syndrome. Renal histopathology revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Using next-generation sequencing on a targeted gene panel for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, compound heterozygous missense mutations were identified in LAMB2 (c.737G>A p.Arg246Gln, c.3982G>C p.Gly1328Arg). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed reduced glomerular laminin β2 expression compared to control kidney and a thin basement membrane on electron microscopy. Laminin β2 is expressed during pituitary development and Lamb2-/- mice exhibit stunted growth, abnormal neural retinae, and here we show, abnormal parenchyma of the anterior pituitary gland. CONCLUSION We propose that patients with genetically undefined optic nerve hypoplasia syndrome should be screened for albuminuria and, if present, screened for mutations in LAMB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Tahoun
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Jennifer C Chandler
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Emma Ashton
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Scott Haston
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Athia Hannan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Felipe D’Arco
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Bockenhauer
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Meei-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Salah Marzouk
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Saied
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Mehul T Dattani
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Aoife M Waters
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Correspondence: Aoife Waters, MB, BAO, MSc, PhD, FRCPCH, Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Consultant Paediatric Nephrologist, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. E-mail: ;
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5
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McCarthy A, McMeekin P, Anderson G, McCarthy S, Parry SW. 87 Effects of Community Falls Prevention Service Closure on ICD-10 Coded Fracture Rates in Older People: An Interrupted Time Series Approach. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz193.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Guidelines on falls prevention recommend case ascertainment based on opportunistic case ascertainment and referral in those who have fallen. In October 2009 we implemented a novel multidisciplinary, multifactorial falls, syncope and dizziness service with enhanced case-ascertainment through proactive, primary care-based screening for associated risk factors. In addition to comprehensive geriatric assessment, 25% of 4032 service participants underwent strength and balance training. The baseline outcomes have been previously reported.1 Funding was withdrawn, and the service closed on 31/01/2014. We examined the effect of service-closure on fractures presenting to secondary care with and without the service running.
Methods
An interrupted time series method was used. ICD-10 coded fracture numbers attending secondary care were determined (Hospital Episode Statistics from 01/02/2012-31/05/2017) for all North Tyneside residents ≥60 years at the time of service closure, including 25-months with, and 40-months without, service provision.
Results
There was a 0.9% (p=0.018) monthly reduction in falls over 25-months of service provision which increased during the winter months of a 9.8% (p=0.015) increase. In the month following the service closure there was an initial increase in fractures of 8.5% (p=0.231), followed by an increase in the monthly time trend of 1% (p=0.018). This resulted in a post-service monthly increase in fractures of 0.1%, an estimated extra 625 fractures over the 40-month post-service cessation period. At an average £8600 per fracture, the estimated cost may have been £5,375,000.
Conclusions
In this naturalistic experiment, following an initial drop in fractures, disinvestment in this service resulted in a rise in elders’ fractures presenting to secondary care. The closure of the service may have had a large unintended cost, averaging £1.5 million annually, versus annual running costs of £220,000. Further research is needed to control for patient-level characteristics and to establish the cost-effectiveness of the service.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S W Parry
- Newcastle University Institute of Ageing
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6
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McCarthy A, McMeekin P, Anderson G, McCarthy S, Parry SW. 74 Effects of Community Falls Prevention Service Closure on Ischaemic Heart Disease Attendances in Secondary Care: An Interrupted Time Series Approach. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz190.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In 2009 we implemented a novel multidisciplinary, multifactorial falls, syncope and dizziness service model utilising proactive, primary care-based screening (≥60 years). Participants underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment, while 25% of the 4032 service participants had exercise training. All had additional lifestyle advice on exercise, alcohol intake, weight loss and smoking cessation. The preliminary outcomes of this approach have been previously reported, with occult atrial fibrillation, murmurs, ECG-evident ischaemic heart disease (IHD) etc reported to GPs for further action.1 Funding was withdrawn and the service closed on 31/01/2014. We examined IHD secondary care attendances with and without service provision.
Methods
Patients: North Tyneside residents ≥60 years at time of closure of the service in January 2014, who were presented acutely to secondary care with IHD using an interrupted time series method. ICD-10 coded IHD numbers were determined (Hospital Episode Statistics from 01/02/2012[date of a change in coding compared to service commencement in 2009] until 31/05/2017) including 25-months with, and 40-months without, service provision.
Results
The Table summarises the change in IHD +/- service provision; there was a significant reduction in IHD non-elective admissions during both time series’, but the reduction was significantly lower without service provision.
In addition, immediately following the service closure there was an initial increase in IHD complications of 18.4% (p=0.059) followed by an increase in the time trend of 2.7% (p=0.029), resulting in a 0.6% post-service monthly reduction in IHD complications.
Conclusions
Disinvestment in this service resulted in a slowdown in the underlying reduction of IHD diagnoses in secondary care. However, further research is needed to control for patient-level characteristics, the economic impact and to look at the effect of the service on other cardiovascular diseases.
Reference
1. Parry SW. JAGS 2016; 64 (11):2368–2373.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S W Parry
- Newcastle University Institute of Ageing
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7
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Moorthi S, Paguirigan A, Anderson G, Porter P, Holden M, Ha G, Berger A. A24 The Genome-Wide Mutational Landscape of Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Eisele TA, Adadevoh K, Anderson G, Brause A, Briesmeister D, Burke J, Cherix G, Ellis C, Hendricks S, Ho CT, Huang CJ, Iuliano T, Kline L, Knapp C, Krueger D, Terwel L. Determination of D-Malic Acid in Apple Juice by Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eleven laboratories collaboratively studied a liquid chromatographic (LC) method for determination of D-malic acid in apple juice. The mobile phase consisted of 16 mM L-valine and 8 mM copper acetate adjusted to pH 5.5 with NaOH. The UV detector was set at 330 nm, and a single reversed-phase LC column was used. Seven paired samples containing various amounts of D-malic acid ranging from 0 to 188 mg/100 mL of 12 Brix pasteurized apple juice were tested by each collaborator. Repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation ranged from 1.0 to 3.5% and 7.7 to 11.7%, respectively, within the range of 26 to 188 mg D-malic acid/100 mL of 12 Brix apple juice. The collabora tive study results demonstrated that the method could quantitate the economic adulteration of ap ple juice with DL-malic acid at lower levels than those reported with previous methods. The LC method for determination of D-malic acid in apple juice has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Eisele
- Tree Top, Inc., Technical Center, PO Box 248, Selah, WA 98942
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Jechorek RP, Johnson RL, Agin J, Anderson G, Bennett R, Brown M, Dammann H, DuCloux W, Elems C, Hawryluk T, Hernandez C, Johnson LA, Koschmann C, Lugovaz I, Moon B, Moore S, Porter M, Purvis U, Riva J, Shaw C, Wessinger A. Evaluation of the VIDAS Staph Enterotoxin II (SET 2) Immunoassay Method for the Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/91.1.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to determine the limit of detection (LOD) of Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SET) in 5 foods. Cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, pasteurized liquid whole milk, and canned mushrooms were each spiked with a different enterotoxin (A, B, C1, D, or E), and tested at 0.25 and 0.5 ng/g SET levels to determine the LOD of the assay for those foods in a collaborative study. Unspiked controls were also included. A total of 19 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1674 test portions were analyzed, of which 1638 were used in the statistical analysis. Of the 1638 test portions used in the statistical analysis, 1104 were spiked test portions, of which 1073 were positive by the VIDAS Staph enterotoxin II (SET 2) method. The detection rates at the 0.25 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 98.2; ham, 99.0; potato salad, 99.1; liquid whole milk, 85.2; and canned mushrooms, 100. The detection rates at the 0.5 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 97.4; ham, 98.1; potato salad, 100; liquid whole milk, 99.0; and canned mushrooms, 100. The data indicate that the SET 2 method is capable of detecting SET at 0.25 ng/g in cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, and canned mushrooms and at 0.5 ng/g in pasteurized liquid whole milk.
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10
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Feldsine PT, Kerr DE, Leung SC, Lienau AH, Moser RF, Mui LA, Anderson G, Beasley M, Clements S, Dillon J, Dombroski P, Forgey R, Gartside S, Hernandez C, Hopkins S, Johnson K, Meier J, Nguyen T, Ortega R, Reynolds J, Smith J, Solis D, Summers C, Terry J, Tuncan E, Vrana D, Warren W, Wood S. Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay Eight Hour Method for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw and Cooked Beef (Modification of AOAC Official Method 996.09): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AOAC Official Method 996.09, Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay (VIP®) for Escherichia coli O157:H7, was modified to incorporate a new enrichment protocol using BioControl EHEC8™ medium for testing raw and cooked beef. Foods were tested by VIP assay and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) enrichment procedure and the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) isolation and confirmation techniques. A total of 15 collaborators participated. Raw and cooked ground beef were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level, where predominantly positive results were expect d, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. Collaborators tested 396 test portions and controls by both methods, for a total of 792 test portions. Of the 396 paired test portions, 75 were positive and 230 were negative by both the VIP and culture methods. Eleven test portions were presumptively positive by VIP and could not be confirmed culturally; 32 were negative by VIP, but confirmed positive by culture; and 65 were negative by the culture method, but confirmed positive by the VIP method. There was no statistical difference between results obtained with the VIP for EHEC 8 h method and the culture method except for cooked beef, where the VIP had significantly higher recovery for one inoculation level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Ruth F Moser
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Linda A Mui
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Carver C, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Albert A, Andaloro B, Anderson G, Beacorn F, Brooks R, Carson M, Crossfield D, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frantzeskakis C, Gasses T, Gatesy T, Hall G, Hanson P, Heddaeus K, Hermann K, Hutchins J, Jenkins J, Johnson F, Johnson J, Kawalek M, Kelly L, Koschmann C, Lannon P, Lester D, Manner K, Martin J, Maselli M, McGovern B, Mohnke F, Moon B, Murray L, Pace R, Richards J, Robeson S, Rodgers D, Rosario G, Saunders C, Shaw C, Dana Shell J, Sloan E, Thompson S, Vialpando M, Voermans R, Watts K, Wieczorek K, Wilson K, Yeh H, Zamora D. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® System to the standard cultural methods for detection of Salmonella in selected foods. Five food types—frankfurters, raw ground beef, mozzarella cheese, raw frozen tilapia fish, and orange juice—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A sixth food type, raw ground chicken, was tested using 3 naturally contaminated lots. A total of 16 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1386 samples were analyzed, of which 1188 were paired samples and 198 were unpaired samples. Of the 1188 paired samples, 461 were positive by both methods and 404 were negative by both methods. Thirty-seven samples were positive by the BAX System but negative by the standard reference method, and 11 samples were positive by standard cultural method and negative by the BAX System. Of the 198 unpaired samples, 106 were positive by the BAX System and 60 were positive by the standard cultural method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, the BAX System demonstrated results comparable to those of the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Carver
- rtech laboratories, PO Box 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101
| | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
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12
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Feldsine PT, Kerr DE, Leung SC, Lienau AH, Miller SM, Mui LA, Anderson G, Beasley M, Dillon J, Dombroski P, Forgey R, Hernandez C, Hopkins S, Johnson K, Meier J, Nguyen T, Ortega R, Reynolds J, Smith J, Solis D, Summers C, Terry J, Tuncan E, Vrana D, Warren W, Wood S. Assurance® Enzyme Immunoassay Eight Hour Method for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw and Cooked Beef (Modification of AOAC Official Method 996.10): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AOAC Official Method 996.10, Assurance® Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) for Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC), was modified to incorporate a new enrichment protocol using BioControl EHEC8™ medium for testing raw and cooked beef. Foods were tested by EIA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) enrichment conditions and the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) isolation and confirmation techniques. A total of 14 collaborators participated. Raw and cooked ground beef were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level where predominantly positive results were expected, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. Collaborators tested 378 test portions and controls by both the 8 h EIA and the USDA/FSIS enrichment methods, for a total of 756 test portions. Of the 378 paired test portions, 75 were positive and 212 were negative by both methods. Thirteen test portions were presumptively positive by EIA and could not be confirmed culturally; 30 were negative by EIA, but confirmed positive by culture; and 65 were negative by the culture method, but confirmed positive by the EIA method. There was no statistical difference between results obtained with the Assurance EIA for EHEC 8 h method and the culture method for raw ground beef. The Assurance EIA had a significantly higher recovery for cooked beef.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Linda A Mui
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
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Hughes D, Dailianis A, Duncan L, Briggs J, McKintyre DA, Silbernagel K, Anderson G, Anderson J, Bannach B, Barratt C, Booyens C, Briggs J, Brooks R, Bryant D, Burnie A, Carver C, Chambers D, Chong J, Clarke D, Coates E, Comontofski G, Deiss K, Destro C, Dillon J, Duncan L, Dundas M, Dymond N, Dziedziczak D, Eglezos S, Gasanov U, Gebler J, Graham T, Haley E, Johnson L, Kurien S, Maczuga J, Matera J, Matthew K, Munyard S, Ramine A, Reed J, Remes A, Subasinghe N, Tan A, Tan J, Tatum M, Taylor M, Torrance H, Twohy C, Vialpando M, Watts K. Modification of Enrichment Protocols for TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay Method 995.22: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.2.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to validate new enrichment methods for the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA). These new methods incorporate a newly formulated medium, TECRA Listeria Enrichment Broth, which does not contain the highly toxic antifungal agent, cycloheximide. The new procedures will provide an alternative to the enrichment procedures described in AOAC Method 995.22. Three food types (raw ground beef, lettuce, and ice cream) were analyzed in the United States, and 2 food types (cooked turkey and cooked fish fillets) were analyzed in Australasia. Thirty collaborators participated in the study, 16 in Australasia and 14 in the United States. With the exception of one batch of ground beef, comparison of the proportion of positive test portions (p ≥ 0.05) showed no significant difference between the TLVIA and the reference method for the 5 foods at 3 inoculation levels. For the one batch of naturally contaminated raw ground beef, the TLVIA gave significantly more confirmed positive results than the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Duncan
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Julie Briggs
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | | | - Karen Silbernagel
- rtech laboratories, Lexington Ave, N. Arden Hills, Minneapolis, MN 55126
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14
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Silbernagel KM, Jechorek RP, Carver CN, Horter BL, Lindberg KG, Aleo V, Anderson G, Bannach B, Bulthaus M, Cha K, Dixon K, Hemming B, Horter B, Iannucci; M, Johnson A, Johnson K, Kaufer A, Kemp S, King J, Kupski B, Kusch S, Luebbert B, Lyke H, Makepeace; C, Otten N, Schomogy T, Strand S, Xiong C. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate Method for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.5.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Five foods—ice cream, raw milk, yogurt, whey powder, and cheese—were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample, a low inoculation level, a medium inoculation level, and a medium inoculation level with background flora, each in duplicate. The mean log10 counts for the methods were comparable for all 5 foods. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the 24 h Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method were similar to those of the 72 h standard method.
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15
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Bird CB, Hoerner RJ, Restaino L, Anderson G, Birbari W, Bodra L, Brookman D, Bryant D, Campbell C, Degraft-Hanson J, Fetviet D, Forde R, Goins D, Hajkowski S, Haley E, Holland R, Jones J, Joseph JM, Kallewaard N, Keckeissen J, Kirkbride T, Kusch S, Noel D, Nutsch A, Okolo C, Parks K, Raines D, Remes A, Roach V, Robbins R, Rodrick G, Shelef L, Theissen H, Vasavada PC, Wang T. Comparison of the Reveal 20-Hour Method and the BAM Culture Method for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Selected Foods and Environmental Swabs: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.3.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Four different food types along with environmental swabs were analyzed by the Reveal for E. coli O157:H7 test (Reveal) and the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method for the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Twenty-seven laboratories representing academia and private industry in the United States and Canada participated. Sample types were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels. Of the 1095 samples and controls analyzed and confirmed, 459 were positive and 557 were negative by both methods. No statistical differences (p <0.05) were observed between the Reveal and BAM methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lawrence Restaino
- R&F Laboratories, 245 W. Roosevelt Rd, Bldg 3, Unit 17, West Chicago, IL 60185
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16
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Bird CB, Hoerner RJ, Restaino L, Anderson G, Birbari W, Bodra L, Brookman D, Bryant D, Campbell C, Degraft-Hanson J, Fetviet D, Forde R, Goins D, Hajkowski S, Haley E, Holland R, Jones J, Joseph JM, Kallewaard N, Keckeissen J, Kirkbride T, Kusch S, Noel D, Nutsch A, Okolo C, Parks K, Raines D, Remes A, Roach V, Robbins R, Rodrick G, Shelef L, Theissen H, Vasavada PC, Wang T. Reveal 8-Hour Test System for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw Ground Beef, Raw Beef Cubes, and Iceberg Lettuce Rinse: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.3.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Five different food types were analyzed by the Reveal for E. coli O157:H7 8-Hour Test System (Reveal 8) and either the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method or the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) culture method for the presence of E. coli O157:H7. A total of 27 laboratories representing academia and private industry in the United States and Canada participated. Food types were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level where predominantly positive results were expected, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. During this study, 1110 samples and controls were analyzed by both the Reveal 8 and by BAM or FSIS by each of the collaborators (2220 samples in total). For each set of samples, 740 were artificially inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, and 370 were uninoculated controls. The Reveal 8 detected 528 presumptive positives of which 487 were confirmed positive by the BAM culture method. In comparison, BAM and FSIS detected 489 of the 740 artificially contaminated samples as positive. In an additional in-house study performed only on chilled and frozen raw ground beef, 240 artificially inoculated samples were analyzed by both the Reveal 8 and by FSIS. The Reveal 8 detected and confirmed 104 samples as positive compared to 79 confirmed positive by FSIS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lawrence Restaino
- R&F Laboratories, 245 W. Roosevelt Rd, Bldg 3, Unit 17, West Chicago, IL 60185
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17
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Mele A, Nardi A, Prencipe GP, Migliara G, Massimi A, Rega ML, Anderson G, Casasanta D, De Vito C, Damiani G. Can nurses improve self-management among pediatric patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Few studies report educational interventions for pediatric patients with asthma or diabetes type 1 as a fundamental instrument to engage them and improve their health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence about behavioral changes in life style, disease management and clinical outcome in pediatric patients after a structured educational intervention delivered by nurses.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature was carried out in MEDLINE, Scopus and CINHAL including only RCTs. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed using Cochrane tool. Meta-analyses on HbA1c reduction for diabetes and hospitalization, emergency department (ED) visits and medication for asthma were carried-out.
Results
Of the 3559 papers initially retrieved, 5 regarding diabetes and 19 asthma met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and 14 for the meta-analyses. Included studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of type of intervention and follow-up duration. Almost all the studies showed an improvement but only few were statistically significant. All studies regarding diabetes showed a low risk of bias (only one RCTs had a high risk of bias in one domain), while almost all RCTs on asthma showed a high risk of bias. The pooled mean differences in favor of the experimental groups were: HBA1c -0.02 (IC95%: -0.26 - 0.22), Hospitalization 0.58 (IC95%: 0.19 - 1.78), Medication -0.10 (IC95%: -0.43 - 0.23), ED Visits 0.82 (IC95%: 0.44 - 1.54).
Conclusions
There is a general agreement about the central role of educational intervention delivered by nurses to pediatric patients and the assessment of the behavioral changes after educational interventions is strongly recommended in pediatric population. However, more efforts are requested in designing studies on patients with asthma and to program more appropriate follow-up and periodic recall in order to engage pediatric patients in the management of their own chronic disease.
Key messages
educational intervention delivered by nurses to pediatric patients with asthma or diabetes type 1 as a fundamental instrument to engage them. more efforts are requested in designing studies on patients with asthma and to program more appropriate follow-up and periodic recall in order to engage pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mele
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Nardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G P Prencipe
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M L Rega
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Anderson
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - C De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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18
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Nace D, Nace D, Perera S, Schweon S, Drinka P, Crnich C, Anderson G, Saracco S, Mulligan M, Hanlon J. Impact of a Multifaceted Strategy to Reduce Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing for Uncomplicated Cystitis in Nursing Home Residents as Assessed Using the Medication Appropriateness Index. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Sammons S, Yip C, Anderson G, Force J, Marcom K, Westbrook K, Anders CK, Blackwell K, Wood K. Abstract P1-06-04: Small-molecule screening nominates diverse combination therapies that sensitize BRCA mutant and wild-type triple negative breast cancer to PARP inhibition. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-06-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a heterogeneous clinical phenotype with few, known therapeutic targets. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are the first approved, targeted therapy in TNBC, limited to germline BRCA mutant (BRCAm) cancers that lack homologous recombination repair capacity. Even in this context, resistance quickly emerges via secondary mutations that restore DNA repair ability. While DNA damage repair is an intriguing target in BRCA wild type (BRCAwt) TNBC due to inherent, genomic instability, PARPi alone have been ineffective in unselected populations. Systematic approaches to define novel drugs that sensitize BRCAwt and BRCAm TNBC to PARPi would greatly improve therapeutic efficacy and durability.
Methods: BRCAwt (HCC1806) and BRCAm (SUM149PT) cell lines were screened in duplicate using a 2,100-compound small molecule library. Cell lines were plated in media containing DMSO or sub-lethal doses of the PARPi, olaparib, onto Selleck Bioactive drug plates. Cell viability was assessed after 72 hours, then normalized to vehicle control. Hit cut-offs were predefined as log2 drug/DMSO of ≤ -0.7 with a viability difference greater than 20% -where stringent scoring thresholds were chosen to exceed the full range of scores observed in 816 empty control wells. Hits were sorted by target and pathway to provide mechanistic insight into the synergy of combinations. Drug combinations with the highest potential for near term translation were validated using GI50 viability assays in 9 BRCAwt and BRCAm TNBC cell lines. The most promising combination was further validated via immunoblotting, colony formation, and apoptosis assays.
Results: Several drug classes affecting well-known oncogenic signaling pathways conferred sensitivity to PARPi, with more hits in the BRCAm cell line. Relevant druggable targets sensitizing cells to olaparib in BRCAm TNBC that met the predefined cut-point were inhibitors of PI3K (pan-PI3K, PI3Kα and PI3Kβ specific), VEGFR, MEK, EGFR, NF-kB, aurora kinase and several DNA damaging agents. Aurora kinase, EGFR, and NF-kB inhibition sensitized cells to olaparib, yet upon further validation, synergy was mild. The screen identified ATM inhibitors, KU-55933 and KU-60019, as sensitizers of BRCAm cells to olaparib. The potent ATM inhibitor, AZD0156, and olaparib were a highly synergistic combination validated in all 9 BRCAm and BRCAwt TNBC cell lines via cell viability, annexin V, and colony formation assays. Immunoblotting of relevant DNA damage repair proteins showed that olaparib caused upregulation of p-ATM in BRCAm and BRCAwt cells. p-ATM expression decreased in response to combination ATM and PARP inhibition. Attenuated levels of p-ATM resulted in increased levels of p- and T-γH2AX, indicating an accumulation of double stranded DNA breaks.
Conclusion: In vitro, inhibition of several relevant, oncogenic pathways yielded sensitivity to PARPi in TNBC. We identified the ATM inhibitor, AZD0156, and olaparib as a potent combination regardless of BRCA status, a finding currently being evaluated in patient-derived in vivo models. Combination ATM plus PARP inhibitor therapy is a promising and feasible approach for near term translation in metastatic TNBC.
Citation Format: Sammons S, Yip C, Anderson G, Force J, Marcom K, Westbrook K, Anders CK, Blackwell K, Wood K. Small-molecule screening nominates diverse combination therapies that sensitize BRCA mutant and wild-type triple negative breast cancer to PARP inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sammons
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - C Yip
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - G Anderson
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J Force
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Marcom
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Westbrook
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - CK Anders
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Blackwell
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Wood
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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20
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Prencipe GP, Mele A, Migliara G, Nardi A, Rega ML, Tomassini F, Casasanta D, Anderson G, Dussi G, Villari P, De Vito C, Damiani G. Behavioral change in chronic patients educated by nurses in community setting. A systematic review. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- GP Prencipe
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Mele
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Nardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - ML Rega
- Institue of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - F Tomassini
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Anderson
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Dussi
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - P Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Institue of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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21
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Johnson T, Eketone K, McNaughton L, Tiplady K, Voogt J, Sherlock R, Anderson G, Keehan M, Davis S, Spelman R, Chin D, Couldrey C. Mating strategies to maximize genetic merit in dairy cattle herds. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4650-4659. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Glesener D, Anderson G, Li X, Brown J, Amell J, Regal R, Ferguson D. Psychotropic Medication Patterns for American Indian Children in Foster Care. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2018; 28:225-231. [PMID: 29425063 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2017.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assesses the effects of race, age, sex, and time spent in foster care on rates of psychotropic medication use for children in foster care in 2012. METHODS Using existing electronic records through county Social Service and Minnesota Medical Assistance databases, 626 children were identified using the inclusion criteria of having been in foster care for at least 30 days during 2012 in St. Louis County, Minnesota. All prescriptions for dispensed psychotropic medications were identified into the following classes: antidepressants, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications, antipsychotics, alpha-agonists, and other (including anticonvulsants/mood stabilizers, lithium, benzodiazepines, and sedative hypnotics). RESULTS Overall, 26% of children were dispensed at least one psychotropic medication during the year with the percentage of children on medication for each race as follows: American Indian (AI) 23.3%, European American (EA) 29.2%, and African American (AA) 18.3%. AI children were significantly less likely to be dispensed any psychotropic medication and ADHD medication. EA children, males, and older children received psychotropic medications from significantly more classes than AI or AA children, females, and younger children. Males were significantly more likely to be dispensed alpha-agonists, antipsychotics, and ADHD medications. Increased time since placement into foster care was also significantly associated with increased dispensing rates of antidepressants, ADHD medication, and multiple medication classes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that non-EA children, in particular AI children, were dispensed psychotropics both overall and across different medication classes less often compared to other racial groups. While the reasons for this difference are not known, future studies are needed to address whether mental health needs of all children in foster care are being appropriately addressed, accounting for need and patient preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Glesener
- 1 Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Gwendolyn Anderson
- 2 Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Xuan Li
- 3 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Jacob Brown
- 4 College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota , Duluth, Minnesota
| | - James Amell
- 2 Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Ronald Regal
- 3 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Donald Ferguson
- 5 St. Louis County Public Health and Human Services Department , Duluth, Minnesota
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Anderson G, Llerena C, Davidson D, Taylor TR. Practical Application of Computer-Assisted Decision-Making in an Antenatal Clinic — A Feasibility Study. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A feasibility study is described involving the use of a computer program in an antenatal clinic whose decisions were based on the observed policies of the group of obstetricians running that clinic. In 200 test cases the programme successfully detected all »at risk« cases at the first visit. Abnormalities appearing at later visits were all detected and appropriate investigations ordered by the programme. The programme ordered rather more investigations than the obstetrician and this difference has been investigated, in some detail with reference to the full blood count, glucose tolerance test and the ultrasonogram.Since all of the basic data in the proposed clinic would be collected by the clerical staff or midwives, a comparison was made between two midwives and an obstetrician in estimating fundal height. The small number of discrepancies found was not regarded as serious from the viewpoint of the proposed clinic.This preliminary study suggests that the technique described might play a useful part in some areas of ante-natal care by relieving the obstetricians of much of the workload associated with routine cases and enabling the midwife to play a larger role in ante-natal care.
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24
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Crew KD, Anderson G, Hershman DL, Terry MB, Tehranifar P, Lew DL, Yee M, Brown EA, Kairouz SS, Minasian LM, Ford L, Neuhouser ML, Arun BK, Brown PH. Abstract P5-15-02: Withdrawn. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-15-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- KD Crew
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G Anderson
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DL Hershman
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - MB Terry
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - P Tehranifar
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DL Lew
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Yee
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - EA Brown
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - SS Kairouz
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - LM Minasian
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - L Ford
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - ML Neuhouser
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - BK Arun
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - PH Brown
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Iwata D, Broun H, Black A, Preston C, Anderson G. Total hip arthroplasty outcomes assessment using functional and radiographic scores to compare canine systems. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1617365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryA retrospective multi-centre study was carried out in order to compare outcomes between cemented and uncemented total hip arthoplasties (THA). A quantitative orthopaedic outcome assessment scoring system was devised in order to relate functional outcome to a numerical score, to allow comparison between treatments and amongst centres. The system combined a radiographic score and a clinical score. Lower scores reflect better outcomes than higher scores. Consecutive cases of THA were included from two specialist practices between July 2002 and December 2005. The study included 46 THA patients (22 uncemented THA followed for 8.3 ± 4.7M and 24 cemented THA for 26.0 ± 15.7M) with a mean age of 4.4 ± 3.3 years at surgery. Multi-variable linear and logistical regression analyses were performed with adjustments for age at surgery, surgeon, follow-up time, uni- versus bilateral disease, gender and body weight. The differences between treatment groups in terms of functional scores or total scores were not significant (p > 0.05). Radiographic scores were different between treatment groups. However, these scores were usually assessed within two months of surgery and proved unreliable predictors of functional outcome (p > 0.05). The findings reflect relatively short-term follow-up, especially for the uncemented group, and do not include clinicianderived measures, such as goniometry and thigh circumference. Longer-term follow-up for the radiographic assessments is essential. A prospective study including the clinician-derived outcomes needs to be performed in order to validate the outcome instrument in its modified form.
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Golledge J, Moxon J, Pinchbeck J, Anderson G, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J. Association Between Metformin Prescription and Growth Rates of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abdel-Qadir H, Austin P, Thavendiranathan P, Fang J, Fung K, Amir E, Lee D, Tu J, Anderson G. A RISK SCORE FOR PREDICTING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AFTER EARLY STAGE BREAST CANCER. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Golledge J, Moxon J, Pinchbeck J, Anderson G, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J, Bourke M, Bourke B, Dear A, Buckenham T, Jones R, Norman PE. Association between metformin prescription and growth rates of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Br J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It has been suggested that diabetes medications, such as metformin, may have effects that inhibit abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth. The aim of this study was to examine the association of diabetes treatments with AAA growth in three patient cohorts.
Methods
AAA growth was studied using ultrasound surveillance in cohort 1, repeated CT in cohort 2 and more detailed repeat CT in cohort 3. Growth was estimated by the mean annual increase in maximum AAA diameter.
Results
A total of 1697 patients with an AAA were studied, of whom 118, 39 and 16 patients were prescribed metformin for the treatment of diabetes in cohorts 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Prescription of metformin was associated with a reduced likelihood of median or greater AAA growth in all three cohorts (cohort 1: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0·59, 95 per cent c.i. 0·39 to 0·87, P = 0·008; cohort 2: adjusted OR 0·38, 0·18 to 0·80, P = 0·011; cohort 3: adjusted OR 0·13, 0·03 to 0·61, P = 0·010). No other diabetes treatment was significantly associated with AAA growth in any cohort.
Conclusion
These findings suggest a potential role for metformin in limiting AAA growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Pinchbeck
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - G Anderson
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Rowbotham
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Bourke
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Gosford Vascular Clinic, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Bourke
- Gosford Vascular Clinic, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Dear
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University and Department of Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Buckenham
- Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Otago University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R Jones
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - P E Norman
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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Hutchison J, Lang K, Anderson G, MacMahon K. Health professionals' experiences of behavioural family therapy for adults with intellectual disabilities: a thematic analysis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24:272-281. [PMID: 28190288 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT) has been shown to help people with some severe mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, by reducing relapse rates and stress within families. It can be difficult to put family interventions, like BFT, into clinical practice. Families where someone has an intellectual disability can experience more stress compared to those who do not, but we know very little about using BFT with families where a member has an intellectual disability. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: We interviewed nine Community Learning Disability Nurses and Allied Health Professionals about their experiences delivering BFT to families where one member has an intellectual disability. We found that therapists' experiences of delivering BFT were broadly positive, although they found some aspects of their service frustrating. EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PAPER'S FINDINGS FOR A NON-SPECIALIST AUDIENCE: The study identifies the perceived benefits of BFT as a model to work with families, where a member has an intellectual disability. The study highlights some of the challenges experienced by practitioners, notably issues with engagement and some issues specific to working with adults with an intellectual disability. The findings suggest that it needs to be clear which families would benefit most from BFT, that interventions need to be adapted for people with intellectual disabilities and that Community Learning Disability Nurses and Allied Health Professionals should have support from management to deliver these interventions. ABSTRACT Introduction Studies have found family interventions (FIs) to be effective in reducing stress and relapse rates for a variety of mental health conditions. However, implementing FIs into clinical practice is challenging. Studies have suggested that levels of stress within some families of people with intellectual disabilities can be high. However, there is little reported about the use and implementation of FIs, such as Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT), in adult intellectual disability services. Purpose of study To explore the experiences of practitioners delivering BFT to adults with intellectual disabilities. Method A qualitative methodology was employed, using semi-structured individual interviews with BFT therapists from a health professional background (n = 9). Data were analysed thematically. Results Two overarching themes were identified: positivity and frustration. Discussion Implementation of therapy was identified as being broadly successful but with some underlying challenges, notably wider organizational issues and some issues specific to working with adults with intellectual disabilities. Implications for practice The broadly positive experiences reported provide encouragement for the delivery of FIs, such as BFT, to adults with intellectual disabilities, by professions outwith psychology. However, there is a need to provide clarity on referral processes, adapt materials accordingly for this client group and ensure that supportive management and supervision is available to therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hutchison
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - K Lang
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - K MacMahon
- Senior Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Bahadue F, Abdelbadee A, Paspulati R, Bedaiwy M, Ciancibello L, Anderson G, Zanotti K. Validating computerized tomography morphometric ratios in relation to clinical and pathological characteristics in endometrial cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chlebowski RT, Aragaki AK, Thomson CA, Anderson G, Manson JE, Simon MS, Rohan TE, Snetselar LG, Lane D, Barrington WE, Vitolins M, Womack C, Qi L, Hou L, Thomas F, Prentice RL. Abstract S5-04: Low-fat dietary pattern and breast cancer overall survival in the women's health initiative dietary modification randomized controlled trial. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-s5-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Among 48,835 postmenopausal women randomized in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (WHI DM) primary prevention trial, 1,767 women were diagnosed with breast cancer during the 8.3 years of dietary intervention. While differences were not statistically significant, there were fewer breast cancers diagnosed in the low fat dietary group women (HR 0.92 95% CI 0.84-1.01, P=0.09) with somewhat lower breast cancer mortality (HR 0.77 95% CI 0.48-1.22) than seen in control group women (JAMA 2006; 295:629). These findings were recently updated, and after 10.9 years (mean) post-diagnosis follow-up, breast cancer overall survival among these 1,767 women measured from diagnosis was greater in the dietary group (10 year survival, 82% vs 78%, 168 (2.24%) versus 319 (2.71%) deaths; HR 0.80 95% CI 0.66-0.97, P=0.02) (AACR Annual Meeting 2016, abstract CT0433, Clinical Trials Plenary Session). We now report low-fat dietary pattern influence on breast cancer overall survival in subgroups defined by breast cancer characteristics.
Methods: The WHI DM trial, conducted at 40 US clinical centers, from1993-1998 enrolled 48,835 postmenopausal women, aged 50-79, without prior breast cancer, with normal mammogram and dietary fat intake >32% of total energy. Participants were randomly assigned to a dietary intervention group (40%, n=19,541) with goals of fat intake reduction to 20% of energy and increased fruits, vegetables and grain intake, or a usual diet control group (60%, n=29,294). As previously reported, the dietary modification program reduced fat intake, increased fruit, vegetable and grain intake and was associated with modest weight loss (all P< 0.001). The current secondary analysis outcome is breast cancer overall survival in subgroups defined by breast cancer characteristics for cases diagnosed during the dietary intervention period. Because of possible selection prior to breast cancer diagnosis, these analyses do not compare randomized outcomes. Therefore, careful attention is paid to control of risk factors for breast cancer in the analysis.
Results: The examined subgroups included histology (ductal, lobular, other), estrogen receptor (ER) status (positive vs. negative by local laboratory), progesterone receptor (PR) status, HER2 status, triple negative (yes/no), stage (local, regional or distant), grade (well, moderately, poorly differentiated), tumor size (<1, 1- 2, >=2 cm), and nodal involvement (none, 1-3, 4+). None of the tests of interaction in subgroups were statistically significant. All subgroup hazard ratios (HR) were less than one except for ER negative cancers, triple negative cancers and those with 4+ positive lymph nodes. The results are suggestive of no influence of the low-fat dietary pattern on triple negative cancers (HR 1.64 95% CI 0.73-3.70 for triple negative vs. HR 0.73 95% CI 0.56-0.95 for other breast cancers, interaction P=0.06).
Conclusion: Compared to a usual diet control group, women randomized to a dietary intervention group providing a low-fat dietary pattern had a significantly increased overall survival following a breast cancer diagnosis with the possible exception of those developing triple negative cancers.
Citation Format: Chlebowski RT, Aragaki AK, Thomson CA, Anderson G, Manson JE, Simon MS, Rohan TE, Snetselar LG, Lane D, Barrington WE, Vitolins M, Womack C, Qi L, Hou L, Thomas F, Prentice RL. Low-fat dietary pattern and breast cancer overall survival in the women's health initiative dietary modification randomized controlled trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr S5-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- RT Chlebowski
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - AK Aragaki
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - CA Thomson
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - G Anderson
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - JE Manson
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - MS Simon
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - TE Rohan
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - LG Snetselar
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - D Lane
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - WE Barrington
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - M Vitolins
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - C Womack
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - L Qi
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - L Hou
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - F Thomas
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - RL Prentice
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torarnce, CA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; University of Arizona; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Karmanos Cancer Institute; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Stony Brook University; University of Texas Health Science Center; University of California at Davis, Davis; University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
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Radmer L, Anderson G, Malvick DM, Kurle JE, Rendahl A, Mallik A. Pythium, Phytophthora, and Phytopythium spp. Associated with Soybean in Minnesota, Their Relative Aggressiveness on Soybean and Corn, and Their Sensitivity to Seed Treatment Fungicides. Plant Dis 2017; 101:62-72. [PMID: 30682312 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-16-0196-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pythium spp. cause seed decay, damping-off, and root rot in soybean and corn; however, their diversity and importance as pathogens in Minnesota are unknown. Our objectives were to identify the Pythium spp. present in Minnesota soybean fields, determine their aggressiveness on corn and soybean, and investigate their sensitivity to seed treatment fungicides. For identification, sequences obtained using internal transcribed space ITS4 and ITS1 primers were compared with reference sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Seedling and soil samples yielded over 30 oomycete species. Aggressiveness was determined using two methods; a seed assay, which also examined temperature effects on aggressiveness, and a seedling assay. Of 21 species evaluated, seven Pythium spp. were pathogenic on both soybean and corn, reducing root growth by 20% or more while two Pythium and one Phytopythium spp. were pathogenic only on soybean. Aggressiveness of many isolates increased as temperature increased from 15°C to 25°C. The sensitivity of 10 pathogenic species to azoxystrobin, ethaboxam, mefenoxam, pyraclostrobin, or trifloxystrobin was tested. EC50 values for mefenoxam and ethaboxam were 10-2 of those to strobilurin fungicides. Pythium spp. in Minnesota are diverse and a significant cause of seedling disease on soybean and corn. Most Pythium spp. isolated in this study were more sensitive to mefenoxam and ethaboxam than to strobilurin fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Radmer
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
| | - G Anderson
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
| | - D M Malvick
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
| | - J E Kurle
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
| | - A Rendahl
- School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - A Mallik
- School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
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Abdelbadee AY, Paspulati RM, McFarland HD, Bedaiwy MA, Ciancibello LM, Anderson G, Zanotti KM. Computerized Tomography Adiposity Morphometrics: A Novel Approach to Predict Pulmonary Intolerance in Endometrial Cancer Patients Undergoing Robotic Pelvic Surgery (RPS). J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016; 22:S9-S10. [PMID: 27679372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Y Abdelbadee
- Reproductive Biology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - R M Paspulati
- Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - H D McFarland
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - M A Bedaiwy
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Colombia, Canada
| | - L M Ciancibello
- Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - G Anderson
- Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - K M Zanotti
- Reproductive Biology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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Abstract
Human rights legislation pertaining to applications of human genetic science is still lacking at an international level. Three international human rights documents now serve as guidelines for countries wishing to develop such legislation. These were drafted and adopted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Human Genome Organization, and the Council of Europe. It is critically important that the international nursing community makes known its philosophy and practice-based knowledge relating to ethics and human rights, and contributes to the globalization of genetics. Nurses have particular expertise because they serve in a unique role at grass roots level to mediate between genetic science and its application to public health policies and medical interventions. As a result, nurses worldwide need to focus a constant eye on human rights ideals and interpret these within social, cultural, economic and political contexts at national and local levels. The purpose of this article is to clarify and legitimate the need for an international declaration on nursing, human rights, human genetics and public health policy. Because nurses around the world are the professional workforce by which genetic health care services and genetic research protocols will be delivered in the twenty-first century, members of the discipline of nursing need to think globally while acting locally. Above all other disciplines involved in genetics, nursing is in a good position to articulate an expanded theory of ethics beyond the principled approach of biomedical ethics. Nursing is sensitive to cultural diversity and community values; it is sympathetic to and can introduce an ethic of caring and relational ethics that listen to and accommodate the needs of local people and their requirements for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- Medical Genetics Program, Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, PO Box HH, Monterey, CA 93942, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- Medical Genetics Program, Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula, PO Box HH, Monterey, CA 93942, USA.
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Gress J, da Silva EB, de Oliveira LM, Zhao D, Anderson G, Heard D, Stuchal LD, Ma LQ. Potential arsenic exposures in 25 species of zoo animals living in CCA-wood enclosures. Sci Total Environ 2016; 551-552:614-621. [PMID: 26897404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Animal enclosures are often constructed from wood treated with the pesticide chromated copper arsenate (CCA), which leaches arsenic (As) into adjacent soil during normal weathering. This study evaluated potential pathways of As exposure in 25 species of zoo animals living in CCA-wood enclosures. We analyzed As speciation in complete animal foods, dislodgeable As from CCA-wood, and As levels in enclosure soils, as well as As levels in biomarkers of 9 species of crocodilians (eggs), 4 species of birds (feathers), 1 primate species (hair), and 1 porcupine species (quills). Elevated soil As in samples from 17 enclosures was observed at 1.0-110mg/kg, and enclosures housing threatened and endangered species had As levels higher than USEPA's risk-based Eco-SSL for birds and mammals of 43 and 46mg/kg. Wipe samples of CCA-wood on which primates sit had dislodgeable As residues of 4.6-111μg/100cm(2), typical of unsealed CCA-wood. Inorganic As doses from animal foods were estimated at 0.22-7.8μg/kg bw/d. Some As levels in bird feathers and crocodilian eggs were higher than prior studies on wild species. However, hair from marmosets had 6.37mg/kg As, 30-fold greater than the reference value, possibly due to their inability to methylate inorganic As. Our data suggested that elevated As in soils and dislodgeable As from CCA-wood could be important sources of As exposure for zoo animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gress
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 201146, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - E B da Silva
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - L M de Oliveira
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Di Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 201146, China
| | - G Anderson
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - D Heard
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - L D Stuchal
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - L Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 201146, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Decourt C, Anger K, Robert V, Lomet D, Bartzen-Sprauer J, Caraty A, Dufourny L, Anderson G, Beltramo M. No Evidence That RFamide-Related Peptide 3 Directly Modulates LH Secretion in the Ewe. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1566-75. [PMID: 26862995 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide RFamide-related peptide 3 (RFRP-3) has been implicated in the control of gonadotropin secretion in both birds and mammals. However, in mammals, depending on species, sex and photoperiod, inhibitory, excitatory, or no effect of RFRP-3 on the plasma concentration of LH has been reported. In the ewe, treatment with RFRP-3 either reduced LH concentration or had no effect, and treatment with an RFRP-3 receptor antagonist (ie, RF9) resulted in increased concentration of plasma LH. To clarify these conflicting results in the present study, a set of experiments was performed in ewes. Multiple iv injections of RFRP-3 (6 × 50 μg) in ovariectomized ewes had no effect on plasma LH pulsatility. In intact ewes a bolus injection (500 μg) or an injection (250, 500, or 1000 μg) followed by a 4-hour perfusion (250, 500, or 1000 μg · h(-1)) of RFRP-3 had no effect on the LH pulse induced by kisspeptin (6.5 μg). In ovariectomized, estrogen-replaced ewes, the LH surge induced by estradiol benzoate was not modified by a 24-hour perfusion of RFRP-3 (500 μg h(-1)). Finally, although treatment with RF9 induced a robust release of LH, treatment with a more selective RFRP-3 receptor antagonist, GJ14, resulted in no evident increase of LH. In contrast to the inhibitory effect previously suggested, our data are more consistent with the concept that RFRP-3 has no direct effect on LH secretion in ewes and that RF9 effect on LH release is likely not RFRP-3 receptor mediated. Hence, RFRP-3 probably has a minor role on the control of LH secretion in the ewe.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Decourt
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - K Anger
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - V Robert
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - D Lomet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - J Bartzen-Sprauer
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - A Caraty
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - L Dufourny
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - G Anderson
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - M Beltramo
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 85; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7247, Université François Rabelais Tours, IFCE) (C.D., K.A., V.R., D.L., J.B.-S., A.C., L.D., M.B.), F-37380 Nouzilly, France; and Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy (G.A.), University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Gilgun JF, Anderson G. Mothers' Experiences with Pastoral Care in Cases of Child Sexual Abuse. J Relig Health 2016; 55:680-694. [PMID: 26245977 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-015-0092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This article reports on case study research with four mothers who asked for help from their pastors when they learned, or had reason to believe, that their husbands had sexually abused children in their families. In their own words, mothers gave accounts of how the pastors responded. Some were helpful and knowledgeable, some appeared bewildered, and others were hostile and blaming toward the women. This article will sensitize pastors and other pastoral counselors to issues that child sexual abuse raises. In addition, the research responds to Mahoney's (J Marriage Fam 72:805-827, 2010) observations about the scarcity of knowledge on whether religion helps or harms families during times of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane F Gilgun
- School of Social Work, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 1404 Gorter Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Gwendolyn Anderson
- Department of Social Work, University of Minnesota, 220 Bohannon Hall, 1207 Ordean Court, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
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Abstract
Objectives “Virtual fracture clinics” have been reported as a safe and effective alternative to the traditional fracture clinic. Robust protocols are used to identify cases that do not require further review, with the remainder triaged to the most appropriate subspecialist at the optimum time for review. The objective of this study was to perform a “top-down” analysis of the cost effectiveness of this virtual fracture clinic pathway. Methods National Health Service financial returns relating to our institution were examined for the time period 2009 to 2014 which spanned the service redesign. Results The total staffing costs rose by 4% over the time period (from £1 744 933 to £1 811 301) compared with a national increase of 16%. The total outpatient department rate of attendance fell by 15% compared with a national fall of 5%. Had our local costs increased in line with the national average, an excess expenditure of £212 705 would have been required for staffing costs. Conclusions The virtual fracture clinic system was associated with less overall use of staff resources in comparison to national cost data. Adoption of this system nationally may have the potential to achieve significant cost savings. Cite this article: P. J. Jenkins. Fracture clinic redesign reduces the cost of outpatient orthopaedic trauma care. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:33–36. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.52.2000506
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Jenkins
- College of Medical, Vetinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - A Morton
- Department of Management Science, University of Strathclyde Business School, 199 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0QU, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Department of Management Science, University of Strathclyde Business School, 199 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0QU, UK
| | - R B Van Der Meer
- Department of Management Science, University of Strathclyde Business School, 199 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0QU, UK
| | - L A Rymaszewski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 84 Castle Street, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK
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Baruteau J, Hargreaves I, Krywawych S, Chalasani A, Land JM, Davison JE, Kwok MK, Christov G, Karimova A, Ashworth M, Anderson G, Prunty H, Rahman S, Grünewald S. Successful reversal of propionic acidaemia associated cardiomyopathy: evidence for low myocardial coenzyme Q10 status and secondary mitochondrial dysfunction as an underlying pathophysiological mechanism. Mitochondrion 2014; 17:150-6. [PMID: 25010387 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a rare complication in propionic acidaemia (PA). Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. We present a child of Pakistani consanguineous parents, diagnosed with late-onset PA at 18months of age. He presented a mild phenotype, showed no severe further decompensations, normal growth and psychomotor development on a low protein diet and carnitine supplementation. At 15years, a mildly dilated left ventricle was noticed. At 17years he presented after a 2-3month history of lethargy and weight loss with severe decompensated dilated cardiomyopathy. He was stabilised on inotropic support and continuous haemofiltration; a Berlin Heart biventricular assist device was implanted. He received d,l-hydroxybutyrate 200mg/kg/day, riboflavin and thiamine 200mg/day each and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Myocardial biopsy showed endocardial fibrosis, enlarged mitochondria, with atypical cristae and slightly low respiratory chain (RC) complex IV activity relative to citrate synthase (0.012, reference range 0.014-0.034). Myocardial CoQ10 was markedly decreased (224pmol/mg, reference range 942-2738), with a marginally decreased white blood cell level (34pmol/mg reference range 37-133). The dose of CoQ10 was increased from 1.5 to 25mg/kg/day. Cardiomyopathy slowly improved allowing removal of the external mechanical cardiac support after 67days. We demonstrate for the first time low myocardial CoQ10 in cardiomyopathy in PA, highlighting secondary mitochondrial impairment as a relevant causative mechanism. According to these findings, a high-dose CoQ10 supplementation could be a potential adjuvant therapeutic to be considered in PA-related cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Baruteau
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - I Hargreaves
- Neurometabolic Laboratory, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - S Krywawych
- Chemical Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Chalasani
- Neurometabolic Laboratory, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - J M Land
- Neurometabolic Laboratory, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - J E Davison
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M K Kwok
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Christov
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Karimova
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Ashworth
- Pathology Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Pathology Laboratory, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - H Prunty
- Chemical Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Rahman
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - S Grünewald
- Metabolic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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McComb C, Harpur A, Yacoubian C, Leddy C, Anderson G, Shepherd S, Perry C, Shaikh MG, Foster J, Ahmed SF. MRI-based abnormalities in young adults at risk of adverse bone health due to childhood-onset metabolic & endocrine conditions. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:811-7. [PMID: 24245820 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditional methods of bone densitometry may not provide a comprehensive assessment of bone health. We aimed to assess bone micro-architecture and bone marrow adiposity (BMA) by MRI in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and endocrinopathy including GH deficiency and/or hypogonadism. MEASUREMENTS High-resolution micro-MRI images were acquired at the tibia using 3T MRI to calculate parameters of bone micro-architecture in seven adults with OI and 10 adults with endocrinopathies. MR Spectroscopy was performed in participants to calculate vertebral BMA, which was expressed as percentage fat fraction (%FF). Lumbar spine DXA was performed to assess bone mineral density. The MRI data were compared with a group of 22 healthy adults who were divided into two age-matched control groups. RESULTS Intra-operator repeatability was high, with an average CoV of 1% for micro-MRI and 2·5% for MRS. The ratio of apparent bone volume to total volume (appBV/TV) in the endocrinopathy and OI groups was lower than in age-matched control groups (P = 0·003 and P = 0·008 respectively). A weak association between DXA BMD and appBV/TV was also observed (r = 0·5, P = 0·045). %FF was higher in the endocrinopathy group than in the age-matched control group (P = 0·005), but no difference in %FF was observed between the OI group and their age-matched control group (P = 0·26). CONCLUSIONS MRI provides valuable detailed information on the micro-architecture and adiposity of bones and is capable of showing clear differences in bone parameters in a range of clinical conditions associated with abnormal bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McComb
- Department of Clinical Physics, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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Vien S, Patel B, Panahi S, El Khoury D, Luhovyy B, Hamilton J, Anderson G. The effect of fluid dairy products on food intake, glycemic and appetite hormone responses in children (120.3). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.120.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Vien
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Barkha Patel
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Bohdan Luhovyy
- Applied Human Nutrition Mount Saint Vincent UniversityHalifaxNSCanada
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Endocrinology Hospital for Sick ChildrenTORONTOONCanada
| | - G. Anderson
- Nutritional SciencesUniversity of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
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Pannia E, Cho C, Sanchez‐Hernandez D, Huot P, Kubant R, Anderson G. High multivitamin intake during pregnancy leads to dopamine dysregulation in the nucleus accumbens of Wistar rat dams post‐weaning (47.6). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.47.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pannia
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Clara Cho
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Pedro Huot
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Ruslan Kubant
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - G Anderson
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
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Pannia E, Cho C, Sanchez‐Hernandez D, Huot P, Poon A, Kubant R, Anderson G. Folic acid in a high multivitamin diet during pregnancy increases post‐weaning weight gain and PPAR gene expression in adipose and liver of Wistar rat dams (135.2). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.135.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pannia
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Clara Cho
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Pedro Huot
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Abraham Poon
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - Ruslan Kubant
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
| | - G Anderson
- Department of Nutritional SciencesFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
- Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine University of TORONTOTorontoONCanada
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Kinsler VA, Anderson G, Latimer B, Natarajan D, Healy E, Moore GE, Sebire NJ. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of congenital melanocytic naevus cells support a stem-cell phenotype. Br J Dermatol 2014; 169:374-83. [PMID: 23517330 PMCID: PMC3838625 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Multiple congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) in one individual are caused by somatic mosaicism for NRAS mutations; however, the lineage of the mutated cells remains uncertain. Objectives To test the hypothesis that CMN may be derived from cutaneous stem cells. Methods Sixty-six CMN samples from 44 patients were stained for immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of melanocytic differentiation (TYR, TRP1, TRP2, LEF1, MITF, cKit), pluripotency (nestin, fascin, CD133, CD20, CD34), monocyte/macrophage lineage (CD68, CD163, CD14), proliferation (Ki67) and MTOR/Wnt-signalling pathway activation (pS6, β-catenin). Semiquantitative scoring compared samples with naevus cell nesting (group 1) with those with only diffuse dermal infiltration (group 2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on 10 samples. Results A normal melanocyte population was seen overlying many dermal CMN. Group 1 samples were significantly more likely to express melanocytic differentiation markers than group 2, and expression decreased significantly with depth. Expression of these markers was correlated with each other, and with nestin and fascin. CD20 staining was positive in a substantial proportion and was stronger superficially. Expression of β-catenin and pS6 was almost universal. Some samples expressed monocyte/macrophage markers. TEM revealed variable naevus cell morphology, striking macromelanosomes, double cilia and microvilli. Conclusions Congenital melanocytic naevi development frequently coexists with normal overlying melanocyte development, leading us to hypothesize that in these cases CMN are likely to develop from a cell present in the skin independent of, or remaining after, normal melanocytic migration. IHC and TEM findings are compatible with CMN cells being of cutaneous stem-cell origin, capable of some degree of melanocytic differentiation superficially.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Kinsler
- Paediatric Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK.
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Anderson G, Berk M, Maes M. Biological phenotypes underpin the physio-somatic symptoms of somatization, depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 129:83-97. [PMID: 23952563 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatization is a symptom cluster characterized by 'psychosomatic' symptoms, that is, medically unexplained symptoms, and is a common component of other conditions, including depression and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). This article reviews the data regarding the pathophysiological foundations of 'psychosomatic' symptoms and the implications that this has for conceptualization of what may more appropriately be termed physio-somatic symptoms. METHOD This narrative review used papers published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases using the keywords: depression and chronic fatigue, depression and somatization, somatization and chronic fatigue syndrome, each combined with inflammation, inflammatory, tryptophan, and cell-mediated immune (CMI). RESULTS The physio-somatic symptoms of depression, ME/CFS, and somatization are associated with specific biomarkers of inflammation and CMI activation, which are correlated with, and causally linked to, changes in the tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. Oxidative and nitrosative stress induces damage that increases neoepitopes and autoimmunity that contribute to the immuno-inflammatory processes. These pathways are all known to cause physio-somatic symptoms, including fatigue, malaise, autonomic symptoms, hyperalgesia, intestinal hypermotility, peripheral neuropathy, etc. CONCLUSION Biological underpinnings, such as immune-inflammatory pathways, may explain, at least in part, the occurrence of physio-somatic symptoms in depression, somatization, or myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and thus the clinical overlap among these disorders.
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Tasca DS, Aspden RS, Morris PA, Anderson G, Boyd RW, Padgett MJ. The influence of non-imaging detector design on heralded ghost-imaging and ghost-diffraction examined using a triggered ICCD camera. Opt Express 2013; 21:30460-73. [PMID: 24514623 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ghost imaging and ghost diffraction can be realized by using the spatial correlations between signal and idler photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. If an object is placed in the signal (idler) path, the spatial correlations between the transmitted photons as measured by a single, non-imaging, "bucket" detector and a scanning detector placed in the idler (signal) path can reveal either the image or diffraction pattern of the object, whereas neither detector signal on its own can. The details of the bucket detector, such as its collection area and numerical aperture, set the number of transverse modes supported by the system. For ghost imaging these details are less important, affecting mostly the sampling time required to produce the image. For ghost diffraction, however, the bucket detector must be filtered to a single, spatially coherent mode. We examine this difference in behavour by using either a multi-mode or single-mode fibre to define the detection aperture. Furthermore, instead of a scanning detector we use a heralded camera so that the image or diffraction pattern produced can be measured across the full field of view. The importance of a single mode detection in the observation of ghost diffraction is equivalent to the need within a classical diffraction experiment to illuminate the aperture with a spatially coherent mode.
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Chlebowski RT, Haque R, Col N, Paskett E, Manson JE, Kubo JT, Johnson KC, Wactawski-Wende J, Anderson G. Abstract P1-13-02: Benefit/risk of invasive breast cancer adjuvant tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor use by age, race/ethnicity, and co-morbidity. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-13-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Older age, minority race/ethnicity, and co-morbidities adversely influence early stage IBC outcome. Further, as AI compared to tamoxifen use has different effects on IBC recurrence and other health outcomes including hip fracture, endometrial cancer, stroke, pulmonary embolism and, perhaps especially, coronary heart disease (CHD), an approach to summarize relative benefit/risk of these agents is needed.
Methods: Incidence rates for health outcomes by age and race/ethnicity, absent AI or tamoxifen use, were obtained from the placebo arms of the three primary Women's Health Initiative clinical prevention trials (n = 33,072). AI and tamoxifen effects on IBC distant recurrence (relative risk [PR] 0.82) were estimated from a meta-analysis of the ATAC and Big-1-98 trial results (n = 14,149) and on other health outcomes from published meta-analysis of side effects in seven AI vs tamoxifen trials (n = 30,023); RR of 1.47 for hip fracture, 0.34 for endometrial cancer, 0.84 for stroke, 0.55 for pulmonary embolism, 1.26 for CHD (Amir et al JNCI 2011;103:1299). Following the methodology of Freedman et al (JCO 2011;29:2327), mortality weights were assigned health outcomes (5 year mortality risk of 0.2 for MI, 0.8 for IBC distant recurrence, etc) to assess net all cause mortality benefit/risk for AI compared to tamoxifen by recurrence risk, age (decade), race/ethnicity, hysterectomy (yes/no) and, in separate analyses, in women with diabetes and in women with cardiovascular disease [CVD] history.
Results: In these analyses, clinical outcome of women with early stage IBC was unfavorable (more deaths per 1000 women/years) with tamoxifen compared to AI adjuvant use regardless of age, race/ethnicity, diabetes or CVD history even with 10-year distant recurrence risk of only 10%. AI superiority was substantially greater in women with a uterus and, in exploratory analyses, when assuming a CVD relative risk for AI use of 1.0, rather than a CHD relative risk of 1.26 used in all other analyses, as the AI CHDrisk elevation is controversial. The net benefit of AI compared to tamoxifen influence on clinical outcomes are described in a series of tables to be presented which quantify benefit/risk in particular women groups. The example below illustrates the excess number of deaths/1000 woman years for tamoxifen vs. AI by recurrence risk, age, and hysterectomy status.
Excess Number of Deaths per 1000 women/year for Tamoxifen Compared to AI Tamoxifen vs. AI (with uterus)Tamoxifen vs. AI (without uterus)10-year Distant Recurrence (%)Age GroupAge Group 50-59y60-69y70-79y50-59y60-69y70-79y1015120620010211111030326382375278287286
For a 60-69 year old woman with a uterus at 30% 10 year recurrence risk, there would be 382 more deaths per 1000 women/yr for tamoxifen vs. AI use. With prior hysterectomy, there would still be 287 more deaths for tamoxifen use.
Conclusion: We developed an index to quantify the benefit risk for adjuvant AI vs. tamoxifen use. Even assessing a RR of 1.26 for CHD for AI use, tamoxifen compared to AI use had unfavorable outcome in all examined groups. This index can complement clinical evaluation in comparing use of these two adjuvant therapy approaches in women of different ages and racial/ethnic groups.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-13-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- RT Chlebowski
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - R Haque
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - N Col
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - E Paskett
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - JE Manson
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - JT Kubo
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - KC Johnson
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - J Wactawski-Wende
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - G Anderson
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA; Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Pasadena, CA; University of New England, Portland, ME; Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Elliott T, Muller A, Brockwell Y, Murphy N, Grillo V, Toet HM, Anderson G, Sangster N, Spithill TW. Evidence for high genetic diversity of NAD1 and COX1 mitochondrial haplotypes among triclabendazole resistant and susceptible populations and field isolates of Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) in Australia. Vet Parasitol 2013; 200:90-6. [PMID: 24360656 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the global incidence of Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) infections exhibiting resistance to triclabendazole (TCBZ) has increased, resulting in increased economic losses for livestock producers and threatening future control. The development of TCBZ resistance and the worldwide discovery of F. hepatica population diversity has emphasized the need to further understand the genetic structure of drug susceptible and resistant Fasciola populations within Australia. In this study, the genetic diversity of liver flukes was estimated by sequencing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoding the NAD1 (530 bp) and COX1 (420 bp) genes of 208 liver flukes (F. hepatica) collected from three populations: field isolates obtained from abattoirs from New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria (Vic); three TCBZ-resistant fluke populations from NSW and Victoria; and the well-established TCBZ-susceptible Sunny Corner laboratory isolate. Overall nucleotide diversity for all flukes analysed of 0.00516 and 0.00336 was estimated for the NAD1 and COX1 genes respectively. Eighteen distinct haplotypes were established for the NAD1 gene and six haplotypes for the COX1 gene, resulting in haplotype diversity levels of 0.832 and 0.482, respectively. One field isolate showed a similar low level of haplotype diversity as seen in the Sunny Corner laboratory isolate. Analysis of TCBZ-resistant infrapopulations from 3 individual cattle grazing one property revealed considerable sequence parasite diversity between cattle. Analysis of parasite TCBZ-resistant infrapopulations from sheep and cattle revealed haplotypes unique to each host, but no significant difference between parasite populations. Fst analysis of fluke populations revealed little differentiation between the resistant and field populations. This study has revealed a high level of diversity in field and drug resistant flukes in South-Eastern Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Elliott
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - A Muller
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Y Brockwell
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - N Murphy
- Department of Genetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - V Grillo
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia; Australian Wildlife Health Network, Taronga Zoo, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - H M Toet
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - G Anderson
- Virbac (Australia) Pty Ltd., Australia, Milperra, NSW, Australia
| | - N Sangster
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - T W Spithill
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
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