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Bailey K, Avolio J, Lo L, Gajaria A, Mooney S, Greer K, Martens H, Tami P, Pidduck J, Cunningham J, Munce S, Toulany A. Social and Structural Drivers of Health and Transition to Adult Care. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023062275. [PMID: 38084099 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Youth with chronic health conditions experience challenges during their transition to adult care. Those with marginalized identities likely experience further disparities in care as they navigate structural barriers throughout transition. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to identify the social and structural drivers of health (SSDOH) associated with outcomes for youth transitioning to adult care, particularly those who experience structural marginalization, including Black, Indigenous, and 2-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and others youth. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from earliest available date to May 2022. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts, followed by full-text. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Primary research studying the association between SSDOH and transition outcomes were included. DATA EXTRACTION SSDOH were subcategorized as social drivers, structural drivers, and demographic characteristics. Transition outcomes were classified into themes. Associations between SSDOH and outcomes were assessed according to their statistical significance and were categorized into significant (P < .05), nonsignificant (P > .05), and unclear significance. RESULTS 101 studies were included, identifying 12 social drivers (childhood environment, income, education, employment, health literacy, insurance, geographic location, language, immigration, food security, psychosocial stressors, and stigma) and 5 demographic characteristics (race and ethnicity, gender, illness type, illness severity, and comorbidity). No structural drivers were studied. Gender was significantly associated with communication, quality of life, transfer satisfaction, transfer completion, and transfer timing, and race and ethnicity with appointment keeping and transfer completion. LIMITATIONS Studies were heterogeneous and a meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSIONS Gender and race and ethnicity are associated with inequities in transition outcomes. Understanding these associations is crucial in informing transition interventions and mitigating health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Bailey
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation
| | | | - Lisha Lo
- Centre for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety
| | - Amy Gajaria
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth, and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Mooney
- Stollery Children's Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Support Unit
- Faculty of Nursing, Grant MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katelyn Greer
- Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Support Unit
| | - Heather Martens
- Patient and Community Engagement Research (PaCER) Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- KickStand, Mental Health Foundation, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Perrine Tami
- Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Sarah Munce
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alene Toulany
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Child Health and Evaluative Sciences, Sickkids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Potier F, Degryse JM, Aubouy G, Henrard S, Bihin B, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Martens H, de Saint-Hubert M. Spousal Caregiving Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Frailty: A Case-Control Study. J Frailty Aging 2019; 7:170-175. [PMID: 30095147 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2018.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that providing care for a disabled elderly person may have implications for the caregiver's own health (decreased immunity, hypertension, and depression). OBJECTIVE Explore if older spousal caregivers are at greater risks of frailty compared to older people without a load of care. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Participants were assessed at home in Wallonia, Belgium. PARTICIPANTS Cases: community-dwelling spousal caregivers of older patients, recruited mainly by the geriatric outpatient clinic. CONTROLS people living at home with an independent spouse at the functional and cognitive level matched for age, gender and comorbidities. MEASUREMENTS Mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF), short physical performance battery (SPPB), frailty phenotype (Fried), geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), clock drawing test, sleep quality, and medications. The multivariable analysis used a conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Among 79 caregivers, 42 were women; mean age and Charlson comorbidity index were 79.4±5.3 and 4.0±1.2, respectively. Among care-receivers (mean age 81.4±5.2), 82% had cognitive impairment. Caregiving was associated with a risk of frailty (Odd Ratio (OR) 6.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.20-20.16), the consumption of antidepressants (OR 4.74; 95% CI 1.32 -17.01), shorter nights of sleep (OR 3.53; 95% CI 1.37-9.13) and more difficulties maintaining a social network (OR 5.25; 95% CI 1.68-16.40). CONCLUSIONS Spousal caregivers were at an increased risk of being frail, having shorter nights of sleep, taking antidepressants and having difficulties maintaining their social network, compared to non-caregiver controls. Older spousal caregivers deserve the full attention of professionals to prevent functional decline and anticipate a care breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Potier
- Florence Potier M.D., Department of Geriatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Université Catholique de Louvain Namur, 1, rue Dr G. Therasse, 5530 Mont-Godinne, Belgium. Tel 0032/81422175. Fax: 0032/81423885.
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Mazerolles T, Heuzey M, Soliman M, Martens H, Kleppinger R, Huneault M. Development of co-continuous morphology in blends of thermoplastic starch and low-density polyethylene. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 206:757-766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lairamore C, Morris D, Schichtl R, George-Paschal L, Martens H, Maragakis A, Garnica M, Jones B, Grantham M, Bruenger A. Impact of team composition on student perceptions of interprofessional teamwork: A 6-year cohort study. J Interprof Care 2017; 32:143-150. [DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2017.1366895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad Lairamore
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Duston Morris
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Rachel Schichtl
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Lorrie George-Paschal
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Heather Martens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Alexandros Maragakis
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, University of Central Arkansas, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary Garnica
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Barbara Jones
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Myra Grantham
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
| | - Adam Bruenger
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, USA
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Hendriks JCJ, Hamers ET, Martens H. [A man with Bowen disease of the nail]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2017; 161:D933. [PMID: 28294928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe a 40-year-old male patient with a 2-year history of a sensitive fingernail of the right hand. The nail had partly a rough surface, longitudinal cleavage and was brittle and vulnerable at the tip. Biopsy of the nail showed a Bowen disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ) of the nail.
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Dillenseger A, Schulze S, Martens H, Schmidt MJ. [Central pattern generators in the spinal cord of the cat and their relevance in rehabilitation after spinal lesion]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2015; 44:39-46. [PMID: 26530110 DOI: 10.15654/tpk-140729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the spinal cord to recover after partial or complete transection, and even reinitiate motor function, was investigated in several studies in cats. It has been shown that even after a complete spinalisation at the level of T12/T13, the possibility of restoration of hind-limb function is good. Central pattern generators (CPGs), located in the spinal cord, play an important role in this situation. Although CPGs alone are unable to restore function, the combination of CPGs with targeted and consistent mobility training and, in some cases, hind-limb sensory stimulation is essential to improve function. These result in a reorganisation of the CPGs and neuronal networks in the spinal cord. The age of the animal at the time of injury and the extent and localisation of lesions, play a crucial role in recovery. A new focus of research is the influence of neurotransmitters/neuromodulators on spinal-cord regeneration. How and to what extent these factors support locomotor training remains for further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dillenseger
- Anja Dillenseger, Holbeinstraße 90, 01309 Dresden, E-Mail:
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Frencken KJA, Hacking MNK, Brinkhuizen T, Abdul Hamid MA, Martens H. Soft yellowish papules on the neck: a clinicopathological challenge. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 41:218-20. [PMID: 26243536 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K J A Frencken
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M N K Hacking
- Department of Dermatology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - T Brinkhuizen
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M A Abdul Hamid
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - H Martens
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Stein H, Bob R, Dürkop H, Erck C, Kämpfe D, Kvasnicka HM, Martens H, Roth A, Streubel A. A new monoclonal antibody (CAL2) detects CALRETICULIN mutations in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsies. Leukemia 2015. [PMID: 26202929 PMCID: PMC4705422 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the diagnostic of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) discovered CALRETICULIN (CALR) mutations as a major driver in these disorders. In contrast to JAK2 mutations being mainly associated with polycythaemia vera, CALR mutations are only associated with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET). CALR mutations are present in the majority of PMF and ET patients lacking JAK2 and MPL mutations. As these CALR mutations are absent from reactive bone marrow (BM) lesions their presence indicates ET or PMF. So far these mutations are detectable only by molecular assays. Their molecular detection is cumbersome because of the great CALR mutation heterogeneity. Therefore, the availability of a simple assay would be of great help. All CALR mutations reported lead to a frameshift generating a new 36 amino-acid C-terminus. We generated a monoclonal antibody (CAL2) to this C-neoterminus by immunizing mice with a representative peptide and compared its performance with Sanger sequencing data in 173 MPNs and other BM diseases. There was a 100% correlation between the molecular and the CAL2 immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. Thus, the detection of CALR mutations by the CAL2 IHC is a specific, sensitive, rapid, simple and low-cost method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Stein
- Reference and Consultation Center for Lymphoma and Haematopathology, Pathodiagnostik Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Bob
- Reference and Consultation Center for Lymphoma and Haematopathology, Pathodiagnostik Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Dürkop
- Reference and Consultation Center for Lymphoma and Haematopathology, Pathodiagnostik Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Erck
- Synaptic Systems GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - D Kämpfe
- Praxis für Onkologie, Lüdenscheid, Germany
| | - H-M Kvasnicka
- Senckenbergisches Institut für Pathologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - H Martens
- Synaptic Systems GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Roth
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum am Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Labor für molekulare Diagnostik und Mikrobiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Streubel
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum am Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Labor für molekulare Diagnostik und Mikrobiologie, Berlin, Germany
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Hammer C, Stepniak B, Schneider A, Papiol S, Tantra M, Begemann M, Sirén AL, Pardo LA, Sperling S, Mohd Jofrry S, Gurvich A, Jensen N, Ostmeier K, Lühder F, Probst C, Martens H, Gillis M, Saher G, Assogna F, Spalletta G, Stöcker W, Schulz TF, Nave KA, Ehrenreich H. Neuropsychiatric disease relevance of circulating anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies depends on blood-brain barrier integrity. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:1143-9. [PMID: 23999527 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, a multifaceted syndrome, associated with anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies (NMDAR-AB) of immunoglobulin-G isotype, has been described, which variably consists of psychosis, epilepsy, cognitive decline and extrapyramidal symptoms. Prevalence and significance of NMDAR-AB in complex neuropsychiatric disease versus health, however, have remained unclear. We tested sera of 2817 subjects (1325 healthy, 1081 schizophrenic, 263 Parkinson and 148 affective-disorder subjects) for presence of NMDAR-AB, conducted a genome-wide genetic association study, comparing AB carriers versus non-carriers, and assessed their influenza AB status. For mechanistic insight and documentation of AB functionality, in vivo experiments involving mice with deficient blood-brain barrier (ApoE(-/-)) and in vitro endocytosis assays in primary cortical neurons were performed. In 10.5% of subjects, NMDAR-AB (NR1 subunit) of any immunoglobulin isotype were detected, with no difference in seroprevalence, titer or in vitro functionality between patients and healthy controls. Administration of extracted human serum to mice influenced basal and MK-801-induced activity in the open field only in ApoE(-/-) mice injected with NMDAR-AB-positive serum but not in respective controls. Seropositive schizophrenic patients with a history of neurotrauma or birth complications, indicating an at least temporarily compromised blood-brain barrier, had more neurological abnormalities than seronegative patients with comparable history. A common genetic variant (rs524991, P=6.15E-08) as well as past influenza A (P=0.024) or B (P=0.006) infection were identified as predisposing factors for NMDAR-AB seropositivity. The >10% overall seroprevalence of NMDAR-AB of both healthy individuals and patients is unexpectedly high. Clinical significance, however, apparently depends on association with past or present perturbations of blood-brain barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hammer
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Stepniak
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Schneider
- 1] Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany [2] DFG Research Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany [3] German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Papiol
- 1] Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany [2] DFG Research Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Tantra
- 1] Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany [2] DFG Research Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Begemann
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A-L Sirén
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinic of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - L A Pardo
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Sperling
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Mohd Jofrry
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Gurvich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - N Jensen
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - K Ostmeier
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Lühder
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Institute for Multiple Sclerosis Research and Hertie Foundation, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Probst
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany
| | - H Martens
- Synaptic Systems GmbH, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Gillis
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - G Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Assogna
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - G Spalletta
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - W Stöcker
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany
| | - T F Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - K-A Nave
- 1] DFG Research Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany [2] Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Ehrenreich
- 1] Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany [2] DFG Research Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
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Werner Omazic A, Kronqvist C, Zhongyan L, Martens H, Holtenius K. The fate of glycerol entering the rumen of dairy cows and sheep. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:258-64. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Werner Omazic
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
| | - C. Kronqvist
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
| | - L. Zhongyan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology; Free University of Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - H. Martens
- Department of Veterinary Physiology; Free University of Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - K. Holtenius
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala Sweden
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Gefeller EM, Martens H, Aschenbach JR, Klingspor S, Twardziok S, Wrede P, Pieper R, Lodemann U. Effects of age and zinc supplementation on transport properties in the jejunum of piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:542-52. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Gefeller
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Veterinary Physiology; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - H. Martens
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Veterinary Physiology; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - J. R. Aschenbach
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Veterinary Physiology; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - S. Klingspor
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Veterinary Physiology; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - S. Twardziok
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - P. Wrede
- Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - R. Pieper
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Animal Nutrition; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - U. Lodemann
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Institute of Veterinary Physiology; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Twardziok SO, Pieper R, Aschenbach JR, Bednorz C, Brockmann GA, Fromm M, Klingspor S, Kreuzer S, Lodemann U, Martens H, Martin L, Richter JF, Scharek-Tedin L, Siepert BF, Starke IC, Tedin K, Vahjen W, Wieler LH, Zakrzewski SS, Zentek J, Wrede P. Cross-talk Between Host, Microbiome and Probiotics: A Systems Biology Approach for Analyzing the Effects of Probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 in Piglets. Mol Inform 2014; 33:171-82. [PMID: 27485687 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201300147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive data-set from a multidisciplinary feeding experiment with the probiotic Enterococcus faecium was analyzed to elucidate effects of the probiotic on growing piglets. Sixty-two piglets were randomly assigned to a control (no probiotic treatment) and a treatment group (E. faecium supplementation). Piglets were weaned at 26 d. Age-matched piglets were sacrificed for the collection of tissue samples at 12, 26, 34 and 54 d. In addition to zootechnical data, the composition and activity of intestinal microbiota, immune cell types, and intestinal responses were determined. Our systems analysis revealed clear effects on several measured variables in 26 and 34 days old animals, while response patterns varied between piglets from different age groups. Correlation analyses identified reduced associations between intestinal microbial communities and immune system reactions in the probiotic group. In conclusion, the developed model is useful for comparative analyses to unravel systems effects of dietary components and their time resolution. The model identified that effects of E. faecium supplementation most prominently affected the interplay between intestinal microbiota and the intestinal immune system. These effects, as well as effects in other subsystems, clustered around weaning, which is the age where piglets are most prone to diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Twardziok
- Molekularbiologie und Bioinformatik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - R Pieper
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J R Aschenbach
- Institut für Veterinär-Physiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Bednorz
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G A Brockmann
- Züchtungsbiologie und molekulare Tierzüchtung,Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Fromm
- Institut für Klinische Physiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Klingspor
- Institut für Veterinär-Physiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Kreuzer
- Züchtungsbiologie und molekulare Tierzüchtung,Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Lodemann
- Institut für Veterinär-Physiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Martens
- Institut für Veterinär-Physiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Martin
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J F Richter
- Institut für Klinische Physiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Anatomie II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - L Scharek-Tedin
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B F Siepert
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - I C Starke
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Tedin
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Vahjen
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L H Wieler
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S S Zakrzewski
- Institut für Klinische Physiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Zentek
- Institut für Tierernährung, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Wrede
- Molekularbiologie und Bioinformatik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Weber GM, Witschi AKM, Wenk C, Martens H. Triennial Growth Symposium--Effects of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and cholecalciferol on blood vitamin D and mineral status, bone turnover, milk composition, and reproductive performance of sows. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:899-909. [PMID: 24492559 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the role of vitamin D3 during gestation and lactation of sows, 2 independent experiments were performed with the aim of investigating sow reproductive performance, milk composition (study 1 only), and changes in blood status of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2-D3; study 2 only), minerals, and bone markers of sows during gestation and lactation. Study 1 comprised 39 primi- and multiparous crossbred sows fed 1 of 3 barley meal-based diets fortified with 200 IU/kg vitamin D3 (NRC, 1998; treatment DL), 2,000 IU/kg vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol; treatment DN), or 50 μg 25-OH-D3 (calcidiol; treatment HD)/kg feed. This study was conducted over a 4-parity period under controlled conditions. Study 2, running over 1 parity only, was performed in a commercial farm with 227 primi- and multiparous sows allocated to 2 dietary treatments: control (CON), receiving 2,000 IU vitamin D3/kg (equivalent to 50 μg/kg) feed (114 sows), and test (HYD), supplemented with 50 μg 25-OH-D3/kg feed (113 sows). Blood samples of sows were collected at 84 and 110d postcoitum and 1, 5, and 33 d postpartum (study 1) and at insemination and 28 and 80 d postinsemination as well as d 5 and 28 postpartum (study 2). Colostrum and milk samples in study 1 were obtained at 1, 9, and 33 d of lactation after oxytocin administration. Plasma 25-OH-D3 concentrations were increased (P < 0.05) in sows receiving 25-OH-D3 (HD and HYD) at any time of sampling whereas circulating plasma concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2-D3, Ca, and P were not affected by treatment. Milk concentrations of Ca and P were similar, but 25-OH-D3 content (except in colostrum) was clearly increased (P< 0.05) when 25-OH-D3 was fed. Most characteristics of sow reproductive performance responded similarly to the 2 sources and levels of vitamin D3, but weight gain of piglets between birth and weaning was decreased (P< 0.05) in offspring of DL and HD sows compared with animals of treatment DN (study 1). In study 2 total litter weight and birth weight per piglet were increased (P< 0.05) with 25-OH-D3 supplementation in comparison with the control (CON). Overall, feeding sows with 25-OH-D3 was considered to improve maternal supply with vitamin D3 and thereby maintain Ca homeostasis during gestation and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Weber
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Nutrition Innovation Center, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Lodemann U, Dillenseger A, Aschenbach JR, Martens H. Effects of age and controlled oral dosing of Enterococcus faecium on epithelial properties in the piglet small intestine. Benef Microbes 2013; 4:335-344. [PMID: 24311317 DOI: 10.3920/bm2013.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 is a licensed probiotic for piglets that has been shown to positively affect diarrhoea incidence and to act on transport properties and immunological parameters in the porcine intestine. The aim of the present study was to examine its effects on jejunal absorptive and secretory capacities around weaning. Furthermore, the possible involvement of heat shock proteins in the effects of probiotics on epithelial functions was investigated. A significant part of the probiotic was dosed orally to reduce the variability of intake of the probiotic. The piglets were randomly assigned to a control and a probiotic feeding group, the latter receiving 4.5×109 cfu/day of E. faecium directly into the mouth for 34 days starting after birth. Additionally, their feed was supplemented with the probiotic strain. Piglets were weaned at day 29 after birth. Ussing chamber studies were conducted with the mid-jejunum of piglets aged 14, 28, 31, 35 and 56 days. Changes in short-circuit current (ΔIsc) were measured after stimulation of Na+-coupled absorption with L-glutamine or glucose or with the secretagogue prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The mRNA expression for SGLT1, CFTR and various heat shock proteins was determined. The transport properties changed significantly with age. The glucose-, L-glutamine- and PGE2-induced changes in Isc were highest at day 31 after birth. No significant differences between the feeding groups were observed. The mRNA of HSP60, HSC70, HSP70 and HSP90 was expressed in the jejunal tissues. The mRNA expression of HSC70 was higher and that of HSP60 was lower in the probiotic group. HSC70 expression increased with age. In conclusion, whereas age effects were observed on absorptive and secretory functions, controlled E. faecium dosing had no measurable effects on these functional parameters in this experimental setup. The possible role of heat shock proteins should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lodemann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Dillenseger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - J R Aschenbach
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Martens
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Klingspor S, Martens H, Caushi D, Twardziok S, Aschenbach JR, Lodemann U. Characterization of the effects of Enterococcus faecium on intestinal epithelial transport properties in piglets. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1707-18. [PMID: 23345556 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to have positive effects on growth performance traits and the health of farm animals. The objective of the study was to examine whether the probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (E. faecium) changes the absorptive and secretory transport and barrier properties of piglet jejunum in vitro and thereby to verify tendencies observed in a former feeding trial with E. faecium. Further aims were to assess a potential mechanism of probiotics by testing effects of IL-α, which is upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of E. faecium-supplemented piglets, and to test the hypothesis that IL-1α induces a change in ion transport. Sows and their piglets were randomly assigned to a control group and a probiotic group supplemented with E. faecium. The sows received the probiotic supplemented feed from d 28 before parturition and the piglets from d 12 after birth. Piglets were killed at the age of 12 ± 1, 26 ± 1, 34 ± 1, and 54 ± 1 d. Ussing chamber studies were conducted with isolated mucosae from the mid jejunum. Samples were taken for mRNA expression analysis of sodium-glucose-linked transporter 1 (SGLT1) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The Na(+)/glucose cotransport was increased in the probiotic group compared with the control group at 26 (P = 0.04) and 54 d of age (P = 0.01). The PGE2-induced short circuit current (Isc) was greater at 54 d of age in the probiotic group compared with the control group (P = 0.03). In addition, effects of age on the absorptive (P < 0.01) and secretory (P < 0.01) capacities were observed. Neither SGLT1 nor CFTR mRNA expression was changed by probiotic supplementation. Mannitol flux rates as a marker of paracellular permeability decreased in both groups with increasing age and were less in the probiotic group at the 26 d of age (P = 0.04), indicating a tighter intestinal barrier. The ΔIsc induced by IL-1α was inhibited by bumetanide (P < 0.01), indicating an induction of Cl(-) secretion. Thus, in this experimental setup, E. faecium increased the absorptive and secretory capacity of jejunal mucosae and enhanced the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, the results indicated that IL-1α induces bumetanide-sensitive chloride secretion. The effects of cytokines as potential mediators of probiotic effects should, therefore, be the subject of further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Klingspor
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Martens H, Dawoud E, Verachtert H. SYNTHESIS OF AROMA COMPOUNDS BY WORT ENTEROBACTERIA DURING THE FIRST STAGE OF LAMBIC FERMENTATION. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1992.tb01126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Martens H, Dawoud E, Verachtert H. WORT ENTEROBACTERIA AND OTHER MICROBIAL POPULATIONS INVOLVED DURING THE FIRST MONTH OF LAMBIC FERMENTATION. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1991.tb01082.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Martens H, Iserentant D, Verachtert H. MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF A MIXED YEAST-BACTERIAL FERMENTATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF A SPECIAL BELGIAN ACIDIC ALE. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1997.tb00939.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lodemann U, Einspanier R, Scharfen F, Martens H, Bondzio A. Effects of zinc on epithelial barrier properties and viability in a human and a porcine intestinal cell culture model. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 27:834-43. [PMID: 23274768 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element with a variety of physiological and biochemical functions. Piglets are commonly supplemented, during the weaning period, with doses of zinc above dietary requirements with positive effects on health and performance that might be attributed to anti-secretory and barrier-enhancing effects in the intestine. For a better understanding of these observations increasing zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; 0-200μM) concentrations were used in an in vitro culture model of porcine (IPEC-J2) and human (Caco-2) intestinal epithelial cells and effects on barrier function, viability, and the mRNA expression of one selected heat shock protein (Hsp) were assessed. When treated apically with zinc sulfate, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) did not change significantly. In contrast, cell viability measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, by ATP and by WST-1 conversion in postconfluent IPEC-J2 monolayers was affected after a 24-h treatment with 200μM ZnSO4. Caco-2 cells were more resistant to Zn. ZnSO4 did not induce any effect on viability, except when it was used at the highest concentration (200μM), and only in preconfluent cells. Furthermore, ZnSO4 induced Hsp70 mRNA expression at 200μM and was more pronounced in preconfluent cells. The observed dose-related effects of zinc are cell-line specific and depended on the differentiation status of the cells. The IPEC-J2 cell line appears to be a suitable in vitro model to characterize specific effects on porcine intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lodemann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
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Martens H, de Mendonça Melo M, van den Bosch W, van Genderen PJJ. A 'chigsaw' puzzle after a vacation in Brazil. Neth J Med 2012; 70:321-325. [PMID: 22961826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Martens
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Yang W, Shen Z, Martens H. An energy-rich diet enhances expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 and 3 messenger RNA in rumen epithelium of goat1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:307-17. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-3854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W. Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Z. Shen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - H. Martens
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Free University Berlin, D-14163 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
We propose a novel approach toward calculating activation and reaction volumes based on MD simulations of reaction systems. The accuracy of the calculated volumes, verified by the comparison to the experimental data, is suitable for quantitative analysis of the experimental volumes of activations in terms of structural parameters of the corresponding transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elna Deglint
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
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Todesco R, Gelan J, Martens H, Put J, De Schrijver BC. Photochemistry of non conjugated bichromophoric systems. Photocyclomerization of 1,3 - di(α-naphthyl)propanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19800890705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Berget I, Martens H, Kohler A, Sjurseth S, Afseth N, Narum B, Ådnøy T, Lien S. Caprine CSN1S1 haplotype effect on gene expression and milk composition measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:4340-50. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Harmeyer J, Teinkhao M, Martens H. Modellversuche über die Passage von Aminosäuren durch die Pansenwand in vivo: 1. Mitteilung: Der Aminosäureneinstrom in den entleerten und gewaschenen Pansen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1974.tb01139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Martens H, Käsebieter H. In-vitro-Untersuchungen über den Einfluß von Natrium- und Kaliumionen auf den Magnesiumtransport durch die isolierte Pansenschleimhaut von Schafen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1983.tb00674.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kohler A, Böcker U, Warringer J, Blomberg A, Omholt SW, Stark E, Martens H. Reducing inter-replicate variation in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by extended multiplicative signal correction. Appl Spectrosc 2009; 63:296-305. [PMID: 19281645 DOI: 10.1366/000370209787598906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing biological tissues and organisms, but it is plagued by replicate variation of various sources. Here, a method for estimating and correcting unwanted replicate variation in multivariate measurement signals, based on extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC), is presented. Systematic patterns of unwanted methodological variations are estimated from replicate spectra, modeled by a linear subspace model, and implemented into EMSC. The method is applied to FT-IR spectra of two different sets of microorganisms (different double gene knockout strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and different species of Listeria) and compared to other preprocessing methods used in FT-IR absorption spectroscopy of microorganisms. The EMSC replicate correction turns out to perform best among the compared methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohler
- Nofima Mat, Centre for Biospectroscopy and Data Modelling, Osloveien 1, 1430 As, Norway.
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Pels K, Schwimmbeck PL, Rosenthal P, Loddenkemper C, Dang-Heine C, Rauch U, Martens H, Schultheiss HP, Dechend R, Deiner C. Long-term clopidogrel administration following severe coronary injury reduces proliferation and inflammation via inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB and activator protein 1 activation in pigs. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39:174-82. [PMID: 19260946 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal duration of clopidogrel treatment following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the patient population that would benefit most are still unknown. In a porcine coronary injury model, we tested two different durations of clopidogrel treatment on severely or moderately injured arteries and examined the arterial response to injury. To understand the molecular mechanism, we also investigated the effects on transcription factors nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS In 24 cross-bred pigs, one coronary artery was only moderately injured by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and one coronary artery was severely injured by PTCA and subsequent beta-irradiation (Brachy group). Animals received 325 mg aspirin daily for 3 months and 75 mg clopidogrel daily for either 28 days [short-term (ST) clopidogrel group] or 3 months [long-term (LT) clopidogrel group]. RESULTS After 3 months, the number of proliferating cells per cross-section differed significantly between ST and LT in both injury groups (PTCA(ST) 90.2 +/- 10.3 vs. PTCA(LT )19.2 +/- 4.7, P < 0.05; Brachy(ST) 35.8 +/- 8.4 vs. Brachy(LT) 7.5 +/- 2.0, P < 0.05). Similar results were seen for inflammatory cells (CD3(+) cells): PTCA(ST) 23.5 +/- 3.55 vs. PTCA(LT )4.67 +/- 0.92, P < 0.05; Brachy(ST) 83.17 +/- 11.17 vs. Brachy(LT) 20 +/- 4.82, P < 0.05). Long-term administration also reduced the activity of NF-kappaB and AP-1 by 62-64% and 42-58%, respectively. However, the effects of different durations of clopidogrel administration on artery dimensions were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Regarding inflammation and transcription factor activity at the PCI site, long-term clopidogrel administration is superior to short-term administration, especially in severely injured arteries. Transferring our results to the human situation, patients with more severely diseased arteries may benefit from a prolonged clopidogrel medication after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pels
- Charité- Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
The direction of net fluid transport in the gut is determined by the algebraic sum of Na+ absorption and Cl- secretion. Na+ absorption by small intestinal villous cells and colonic surface cells is controlled primarily by electrically neutral (NaCl) and electrogenic (Na+-glucose, Na+-amino acid, amiloride-insensitive, and amiloride-sensitive Na+ conductance) entry processes in the apical membrane. Neutral NaCl entry appears to be the result of parallel Na+:H- and Cl-:HCO3- exchangers operating at equal stoichiometry. Uncoupled exchangers operating at different stoichiometry may result in net HCO3- absorption (jejunum), net HCO3- secretion (ileum and proximal colon) or HCO3-:Cl- exchange (distal colon). Increases in intracellular cyclic nucleotides and/or ionized Ca2+ inhibit NaCl entry and, in vivo, promote HCO3- and Cl- secretion. Cl- secretion by crypt cells is the result of cyclic nucleotide-mediated or Ca2+-mediated Cl- conductance channels in the apical membrane which allow Cl- to exit down an electrochemical gradient created by a basolateral NaKCl2 entry process. Cyclic nucleotides may act via specific A and G protein kinases. They also release Ca2+ from intracellular stores and thus could alter transport via Ca2+ (and calmodulin)-activated kinases. Ca2+-dependent secretory agents initiate phospholipid hydrolysis and stimulate secretion via the resulting hydrolytic products: arachidonic acid metabolites when bradykinin is the stimulus or diacylglycerol and/or inositol trisphosphate when acetylcholine is the stimulus. The arachidonic acid metabolites may then stimulate cyclic nucleotide production, while diacylglycerol activates a specific Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (C kinase), and inositol trisphosphate releases Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. The interrelationships between these intracellular messengers and their exact modes of action remain to be clarified.
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Kohler A, Sulé-Suso J, Sockalingum GD, Tobin M, Bahrami F, Yang Y, Pijanka J, Dumas P, Cotte M, van Pittius DG, Parkes G, Martens H. Estimating and correcting mie scattering in synchrotron-based microscopic fourier transform infrared spectra by extended multiplicative signal correction. Appl Spectrosc 2008; 62:259-266. [PMID: 18339231 DOI: 10.1366/000370208783759669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present an approach for estimating and correcting Mie scattering occurring in infrared spectra of single cells, at diffraction limited probe size, as in synchrotron based microscopy. The Mie scattering is modeled by extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) and subtracted from the vibrational absorption. Because the Mie scattering depends non-linearly on alpha, the product of the radius and the refractive index of the medium/sphere causing it, a new method was developed for estimating the Mie scattering by EMSC for unknown radius and refractive index of the Mie scatterer. The theoretically expected Mie contributions for a range of different alpha values were computed according to the formulae developed by Van de Hulst (1957). The many simulated spectra were then summarized by a six-dimensional subspace model by principal component analysis (PCA). This subspace model was used in EMSC to estimate and correct for Mie scattering, as well as other additive and multiplicative interference effects. The approach was applied to a set of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) absorbance spectra measured for individual lung cancer cells in order to remove unwanted interferences and to estimate ranges of important alpha values for each spectrum. The results indicate that several cell components may contribute to the Mie scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohler
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and Data Modelling, Norwegian Food Research Institute, Matforsk, Osloveien 1, 1430 As, Norway.
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Castermans E, Morrhaye G, Marchand S, Martens H, Moutschen M, Geenen V, Beguin Y, Baron F. [Evaluation of thymopoiesis: clinical applications]. Rev Med Liege 2007; 62:725-729. [PMID: 18286949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the precedent article, we have described how T-cell generation in the thymus (thymopoiesis) may be currently evaluated through quantification by PCR of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) generated by intrathymic random recombination of the gene segments coding for variable parts of T-cell receptor for antigen (TCR). In hematology, TREC methodology helps in a better understanding of immune reconstitution after graft of hematopoietic stem cells: first there is a proliferation of mature T cells present in the graft, then a differentiation of naive T cells. In geriatrics, the homeostasis of the peripheral T-cell repertoire is maintained through proliferation of peripheral memory T cells rather than through thymic generation of naive T cells. In addition, TREC quantification constitutes a novel major tool for deciphering the tight control of thymopoiesis by the neuroendocrine system.
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Castermans E, Morrhaye G, Marchand S, Martens H, Moutschen M, Baron F, Beguin Y, Geenen V. [Clinical evaluation of thymic function]. Rev Med Liege 2007; 62:675-678. [PMID: 18217644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The essential role of the thymus is to install an extremely diverse repertoire of T lymphocytes that are self-tolerant and competent against non-self, as well as to generate self-antigen specific regulatory T cells (Treg) able to inactivate in periphery self-reactive T cells having escaped the thymic censorship. Although indirect, techniques of medical imaging and phenotyping of peripheral T cells may help in the investigation of thymic function. Nowadays however, thymopoiesis is better evaluated through quantification by PCR of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) generated by intrathymic random recombination of the gene segments coding for the variable parts of the T-cell receptor for antigen (TCR). The TREC methodology is very valuable in the circumstances not associated with intense proliferation or apoptosis of peripheral T lymphocytes.
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Martens H, Kohler A, Afseth N, Wold J, Harsleth M, Berget I, Ådnøy T, Skaugen M, Isaksson T, Vegarud G, Criscione A, Mevik B, Frøst M, Randby Å, Prestløkken E, Berg P, Kent M, Lien S, Omholt S. High-throughput measurements for functional
genomics of milk. J Anim Feed Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/74190/2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Shen Z, Huang H, Martens H. Detection and <i>in vitro</i> regulation of NHE1 and
NHE3 mRNA expression in rumen epithelia of
cows. J Anim Feed Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/74527/2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kohler A, Bertrand D, Martens H, Hannesson K, Kirschner C, Ofstad R. Multivariate image analysis of a set of FTIR microspectroscopy images of aged bovine muscle tissue combining image and design information. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:1143-53. [PMID: 17639358 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2007] [Revised: 05/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present an algorithm for analysing sets of FTIR microscopic images of tissue sections. The proposed approach allows one to investigate sets of many FTIR tissue images both with respect to sample information (variation from image to image) and spatial variations of tissues (variation within the image). The algorithm is applied to FTIR microscopy images of beef loin muscles containing myofibre and connective tissue regions. The FTIR microscopy images are taken of sub-samples from five different beef loin muscles that were aged for four different lengths of time. The images were investigated regarding variation due to the ageing length and due to the homogeneity of the connective tissue regions. The presented algorithm consists of the following main elements: (1) pre-processing of the spectra to overcome large quality differences in FTIR spectra and differences due to scatter effects, (2) identification of connective tissue regions in every image, (3) labelling of every connective tissue spectrum with respect to its location in the connective tissue region, and (4) analysis of variations in the FTIR microscopic images in regard to ageing time and pixel position of the spectra in the connective tissue region. Important spectral parameters characterising collagen and proteoglycan structure were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohler
- Center for Biospectroscopy and Data Modelling, Norwegian Food Research Institute, Matforsk, Osloveien 1, 1430, As, Norway.
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Bondzio A, Martens H, Einspanier R. Introducing an in vitro cell model to assay gastrointestinal responses to recombinant feed compounds like Cry1Ab. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-006-0102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Thennadil SN, Martens H, Kohler A. Physics-based multiplicative scatter correction approaches for improving the performance of calibration models. Appl Spectrosc 2006; 60:315-21. [PMID: 16608575 DOI: 10.1366/000370206776342535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Light scattering effects pose a major problem in the estimation of chemical properties of particulate systems such as blood, tissue, and pharmaceutical solids. Recently, Martens et al. proposed an extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) approach where light-scattering effects were taken into account in an empirical manner. It is possible to include causal, first-principles mathematical models based on the physics of light scattering into the EMSC framework. This could lead to significant improvements in the separation of absorption and scattering effects. A preconditioning step prior to application of EMSC, whereby a transformation based on the physics of light scattering is used to convert the spectra into a form where the absorption and scattering effects are separable (an underlying assumption of EMSC), is proposed. Results indicate that the transformation followed by EMSC gives better calibration models than the direct application of EMSC to the absorbance spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Thennadil
- Merz Court, Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
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Ali O, Shen Z, Tietjen U, Martens H. Transport of acetate and sodium in sheep omasum: mutual, but asymmetric interactions. J Comp Physiol B 2006; 176:477-87. [PMID: 16468047 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-006-0069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Revised: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the transport of acetate across the isolated epithelium of sheep omasum; no net transport was observed (J(ms) approximately = J(sm)) under Ussing chamber conditions. Low mucosal pH (pH 6.4) significantly enhanced J(ms) acetate and the transport rates of acetate increased linearly and significantly (r2=0.99) with the luminal acetate concentration. The presence of another short chain fatty acid (propionate) did not affect J(ms) acetate significantly. Neither addition of 1 mmol l(-1) DIDS to the mucosal side nor HCO3 replacement caused changes of J(ms) acetate; this does not support the assumption of acetate transport via anion exchange. Addition of 1 mmol l(-1) amiloride to the mucosal side significantly decreased acetate fluxes at high mucosal acetate concentration (100 mmol l(-1)) and low pH (6.4) indicating interaction between acetate uptake in the undissociated form, intracellular release of protons and activation of Na+/H+ exchange (NHE). However, the mutual interaction between Na transport via NHE and acetate transport is asymmetric. Stimulation or inhibition of Na transport via NHE is much more pronounced than the corresponding changes of acetate fluxes. Thus, the obtained results support the conclusion that acetate is transported via simple diffusion and probably predominantly in the protonated form, thereby explaining the positive and mutual interaction between Na transport and short chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ali
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Martens H, Flachowsky G. Ableitung von Empfehlungen zurVersorgung landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere mit Energie und Nährstoffen. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1621070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kohler A, Kirschner C, Oust A, Martens H. Extended multiplicative signal correction as a tool for separation and characterization of physical and chemical information in Fourier transform infrared microscopy images of cryo-sections of beef loin. Appl Spectrosc 2005; 59:707-16. [PMID: 16053536 DOI: 10.1366/0003702054280649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) is used to separate and to characterize physical and chemical information in spectra from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. This appears especially useful for applications in infrared spectroscopy where the scatter variance in spectra changes with the chemical variance in the sample set. In these cases the chemical information of specific bands that are assigned to functional groups is easier to interpret when the scatter information is removed from the spectra. We show that scatter (physical) information in FT-IR spectra of heat-treated beef loin is related to chemical changes due to heat treatment. This information is caused by textural changes induced by the heat treatment and expressed by physical effects as the optical path length. The chemical absorbance changes introduced in the FT-IR spectra due to heat treatment are shifts in the protein region of the infrared spectrum caused by changes in the secondary structure of the proteins. If the scatter and the chemical information is not separated properly, scatter information may erroneously be interpreted as chemical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kohler
- Centre for Biospectroscopy and Data Modelling, Norwegian Food Research Institute, Matforsk, Osloveien 1, N-1430 As, Norway.
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Geenen V, Louis C, Martens H. An insulin-like growth factor 2-derived self-antigen inducing a regulatory cytokine profile after presentation to peripheral blood mononuclear cells from DQ8+ type 1 diabetic adolescents: preliminary design of a thymus-based tolerogenic self-vaccination. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1037:59-64. [PMID: 15699493 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1337.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to evaluate the potential use of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) as the dominant thymic self-antigen precursor of the insulin family in designing a tolerogenic approach to type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevention. This evaluation was primarily based on cytokine profile driven by MHC presentation of insulin and IGF-2-derived antigens to PBMC cultures derived from 16 T1D DQ8(+) adolescents. Insulin B9-23, one dominant beta-cell autoantigen, and the homologous sequence B11-25 of IGF-2 display the same affinity and fully compete for binding to DQ8, a MHC-II allele conferring major genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, compared to insulin B9-23, presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 elicits a suppressive/regulatory cytokine profile with a higher number of IL-10-secreting cells (P < 0.05), a much higher ratio of IL-10/IFN-gamma (P < 0.01), as well as a lower number of IL-4-secreting cells (P < 0.05). Thus, with regard to T1D prevention, administration of IGF-2-derived self-antigen(s) seems to be an efficient approach that combines both antagonism for binding to a major susceptibility MHC-II allele, as well as downstream promotion of an antigen-driven tolerogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Geenen
- Liège University Center of Immunology (CIL), Institute of Pathology CHU-B23, B-4000 Liège-Sart Tilman, Belgium.
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Geenen V, Brilot F, Louis C, Hansenne I, Renard C, Martens H. [Importance of a thymus dysfunction in the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes]. Rev Med Liege 2005; 60:291-6. [PMID: 16035283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The autoimmune nature of the diabetogenic process and the major contribution of T lymphocytes stand now beyond any doubt. However, despite the identification of the three major type 1-diabetes-related autoantigens (insulin, GAD65 and phosphatase IA-2), the origin of this immune dysregulation still remains unknown. More and more evidence supports a thymic dysfunction in the establishment of central self-tolerance to the insulin family as a crucial factor in the development of the autoimmune response selective of pancreatic insulin-secreting islet beta cells. All the genes of the insulin family (INS, IGF1 and IGF2) are expressed in the thymus network. However, IGF-2 is the dominant member of this family first encountered by T cells in the thymus, and only IGFs control early T-cell differentiation. IGF2 transcription is defective in the thymus in one animal model of type 1 diabetes, the Bio-Breeding (BB) rat. The sequence B9-23, one dominant autoantigen of insulin, and the homologous sequence B11-25 derived from IGF-2 exibit the same affinity and fully compete for binding to DQ8, one class-II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) conferring major genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. Compared to insulin B9-23, the presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 to peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from type 1 diabetic DQ8+ adolescents elicits a regulatory/tolerogenic cytokine profile (*IL-10, *IL-10/IFN-g, *IL-4). Thus, administration of IGF-2 derived self-antigen(s) might constitute a novel form of vaccine/immunotherapy combining both an antagonism for the site of presentation of a susceptible MHC allele, as well as a downstream tolerogenic/regulatory immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Geenen
- Université de Liège, Chef de Clinique, Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU de Liège
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Bjørnstad A, Grønnerød S, Mac Key J, Tekauz A, Crossa J, Martens H. Resistance to barley scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) in the Ethiopian donor lines ‘Steudelli’ and ‘Jet’, analyzed by partial least squares regression and interval mapping. Hereditas 2004; 141:166-79. [PMID: 15660977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The resistance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Rhynchosporium secalis (scald) has been investigated in two crosses between the susceptible cv. 'Ingrid' and two resistant Ethiopian landraces, 'Steudelli' and 'Jet'. Doubled haploids were inoculated in replicated tests using two isolates of R. secalis, '4004' and 'WRS1872'. Expression of resistance differed widely between replicated tests. AFLP, SSR and RFLP markers were used to develop chromosome maps. Results have been analysed using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and interval mapping. In PLSR the major covariance structures or 'latent variables' between X (markers) and Y (isolates, tests) are modelled as principal components and their optimal number determined by cross-validation. In 'Steudelli' two QTL were detected, one on each of chromosomes 3H and 7H, in 4 out of 5 tests, while in 'Jet' only one (different) allele at the 3H locus was found. The validated R(2) varied between 11.0% and 64.9% in the replicated tests with '4004'.With isolate 'WRS1872' the 7H locus and another 3H locus were detected. By interval mapping the QTL detected were less stable and generally gave lower R(2) values than PLSR. PLSR does not depend on maps, but interval mapping based on values predicted by PLSR had R(2) around 90%. It is suggested that PLSR may be a useful tool in QTL analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bjørnstad
- Agricultural University of Norway, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, NO-1432 As, Norway.
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Hansenne I, Rasier G, Charlet-renard C, Defresne MP, Greimers R, Breton C, Legros JJ, Geenen V, Martens H. Neurohypophysial receptor gene expression by thymic T cell subsets and thymic T cell lymphoma cell lines. Clin Dev Immunol 2004; 11:45-51. [PMID: 15154611 PMCID: PMC2275404 DOI: 10.1080/10446670410001670481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurohypophysial oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) genes are transcribed in thymic epithelium, while immature T lymphocytes express functional neurohypophysial receptors. Neurohypophysial receptors belong to the G protein-linked seven-transmembrane receptor superfamily and are encoded by four distinct genes, OTR, V1R, V2R and V3R. The objective of this study was to identify the nature of neurohypophysial receptor in thymic T cell subsets purified by immunomagnetic selection, as well as in murine thymic lymphoma cell lines RL12-NP and BW5147. OTR is transcribed in all thymic T cell subsets and T cell lines, while V3R transcription is restricted to CD4+CD8+ and CD8+ thymic cells. Neither V1R nor V2R transcripts are detected in any kind of T cells. The OTR protein was identified by immunocytochemistry on thymocytes freshly isolated from C57BL/6 mice. In murine fetal thymic organ cultures, a specific OTR antagonist does not modify the percentage of T cell subsets, but increases late T cell apoptosis further evidencing the involvement of OT/OTR signaling in the control of T cell proliferation and survival. According to these data, OTR and V3R are differentially expressed during T cell ontogeny. Moreover, the restriction of OTR transcription to T cell lines derived from thymic lymphomas may be important in the context of T cell leukemia pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Hansenne
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - G. Rasier
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - Ch. Charlet-renard
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - M.-P. Defresne
- Center of CancerologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - R. Greimers
- Center of CancerologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - C. Breton
- Endocrinology of Annelidae LaboratoryUniversity of Lille IVilleneuve d'AscqF-59655France
| | - J.-J. Legros
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - V. Geenen
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
| | - H. Martens
- Center of ImmunologyUniversity of LiegeInstitute of Pathology CHU-B23Liege-Sart TilmanB-4000Belgium
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