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MacLeod CJ, Brandt AJ, Collins K, Moller H, Manhire J. Behavioural insights for improved uptake of agricultural sustainability assessment tools. People and Nature 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henrik Moller
- Centre for Sustainability University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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Cuzick JM, Stone S, Lenz L, Flake DD, Rajamani S, Moller H, Berney DM, Cohen T, Scardino PT. Validation of the cell cycle progression score to differentiate indolent from aggressive prostate cancer in men diagnosed through transurethral resection of the prostate biopsy. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1535. [PMID: 34423592 PMCID: PMC9351676 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Validation of biomarker‐based prognostic models to improve risk stratification in men with localized prostate cancer (PrCa) remains a clinical need. It has previously been shown that the cell cycle progression (CCP) test provides significant, independent prognostic information for men who were incidentally diagnosed with PrCa after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and were conservatively managed. Aim The results have been extended in a newly analyzed retrospective cohort of UK men diagnosed through TURP biopsy (TURP1B; N = 305). Methods and Results The CCP score was derived from TURP biopsy tissue and combined with a modified UCSF Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score (CAPRA) to generate the clinical cell‐cycle risk score (CCR). The primary endpoint was PrCa‐specific mortality (PSM). Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for a one‐unit change in score. Median follow‐up was 9.6 (IQR: 5.4, 14.1) years, and 67 (22%) men died from PrCa within 10 years of diagnosis. The median CCP score was 1.1 (IQR: 0.6, 1.7). In univariate analyses, CCR proved a significant prognosticator of PSM (HR per unit score change = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.89, 2.74; P = 1.0 × 10−19). In multivariate analyses, CCR remained a significant prognosticator of PSM after adjusting for CAPRA (HR per unit score change = 4.36; 95% CI: 2.65, 7.16; P = 1.3 × 10−8), indicating that its molecular component, CCP, provides significant, independent prognostic information. Conclusion These findings validate a combined clinicopathologic and molecular prognostic model for conservatively managed men who are diagnosed through TURP, supporting the use of CCR to inform clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Steven Stone
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lauren Lenz
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Darl D Flake
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Henrik Moller
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Population and Global Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Maurice Berney
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Todd Cohen
- Myriad Genetics, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Peter T Scardino
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Crosbie PA, Gabe R, Simmonds I, Kennedy M, Rogerson S, Ahmed N, Baldwin DR, Booton R, Cochrane A, Darby M, Franks K, Hinde S, Janes SM, Macleod U, Messenger M, Moller H, Murray RL, Neal RD, Quaife SL, Sculpher M, Tharmanathan P, Torgerson D, Callister ME. Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial (YLST): protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate invitation to community-based low-dose CT screening for lung cancer versus usual care in a targeted population at risk. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037075. [PMID: 32912947 PMCID: PMC7485242 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the world's leading cause of cancer death. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening reduced lung cancer mortality by 20% in the US National Lung Screening Trial. Here, we present the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial (YLST), which will address key questions of relevance for screening implementation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Using a single-consent Zelen's design, ever-smokers aged 55-80 years registered with a general practice in Leeds will be randomised (1:1) to invitation to a telephone-based risk-assessment for a Lung Health Check or to usual care. The anticipated number randomised by household is 62 980 individuals. Responders at high risk will be invited for LDCT scanning for lung cancer on a mobile van in the community. There will be two rounds of screening at an interval of 2 years. Primary objectives are (1) measure participation rates, (2) compare the performance of PLCOM2012 (threshold ≥1.51%), Liverpool Lung Project (V.2) (threshold ≥5%) and US Preventive Services Task Force eligibility criteria for screening population selection and (3) assess lung cancer outcomes in the intervention and usual care arms. Secondary evaluations include health economics, quality of life, smoking rates according to intervention arm, screening programme performance with ancillary biomarker and smoking cessation studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Greater Manchester West research ethics committee (18-NW-0012) and the Health Research Authority following review by the Confidentiality Advisory Group. The results will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals, presentation at conferences and on the YLST website. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS ISRCTN42704678 and NCT03750110.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Aj Crosbie
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rhian Gabe
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Irene Simmonds
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Martyn Kennedy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Suzanne Rogerson
- Department of Research and Innovation, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Nazia Ahmed
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David R Baldwin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, City Campus, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard Booton
- Lung Cancer and Thoracic Surgery Directorate, Heart and Lung Division, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ann Cochrane
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Michael Darby
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Franks
- Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Sam M Janes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Una Macleod
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Mike Messenger
- Leeds Centre for Personalised Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Henrik Moller
- Thames Cancer Registry, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael L Murray
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Richard D Neal
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Samantha L Quaife
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Sculpher
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Matthew Ej Callister
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Carr R, Fidalgo J, Moller H. NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULTS - A NATIONAL PROSPECTIVE POPULATION-BASED STUDY. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.23_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Carr
- Haematology; Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - J. Fidalgo
- Haematology; Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital; London United Kingdom
| | - H. Moller
- Cancer Epidemiology; King's College London; London United Kingdom
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Lyver PO, Ruru J, Scott N, Tylianakis JM, Arnold J, Malinen SK, Bataille CY, Herse MR, Jones CJ, Gormley AM, Peltzer DA, Taura Y, Timoti P, Stone C, Wilcox M, Moller H. Building biocultural approaches into Aotearoa – New Zealand’s conservation future. J R Soc N Z 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2018.1539405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacinta Ruru
- Faculty of Law, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Scott
- Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jason M. Tylianakis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jason Arnold
- Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sanna K. Malinen
- University of Canterbury Business School, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Corinne Y. Bataille
- University of Canterbury Business School, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Mark R. Herse
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Yvonne Taura
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Mahuru Wilcox
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Henrik Moller
- Centre for Sustainability, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Hieronymus H, Murali R, Tin A, Yadav K, Abida W, Moller H, Berney D, Scher H, Carver B, Scardino P, Schultz N, Taylor B, Vickers A, Cuzick J, Sawyers CL. Tumor copy number alteration burden is a pan-cancer prognostic factor associated with recurrence and death. eLife 2018; 7:e37294. [PMID: 30178746 PMCID: PMC6145837 DOI: 10.7554/elife.37294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of copy number alteration (CNA), termed CNA burden, in the tumor genome is associated with recurrence of primary prostate cancer. Whether CNA burden is associated with prostate cancer survival or outcomes in other cancers is unknown. We analyzed the CNA landscape of conservatively treated prostate cancer in a biopsy and transurethral resection cohort, reflecting an increasingly common treatment approach. We find that CNA burden is prognostic for cancer-specific death, independent of standard clinical prognosticators. More broadly, we find CNA burden is significantly associated with disease-free and overall survival in primary breast, endometrial, renal clear cell, thyroid, and colorectal cancer in TCGA cohorts. To assess clinical applicability, we validated these findings in an independent pan-cancer cohort of patients whose tumors were sequenced using a clinically-certified next generation sequencing assay (MSK-IMPACT), where prognostic value varied based on cancer type. This prognostic association was affected by incorporating tumor purity in some cohorts. Overall, CNA burden of primary and metastatic tumors is a prognostic factor, potentially modulated by sample purity and measurable by current clinical sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Hieronymus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Rajmohan Murali
- Department of PathologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Amy Tin
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Kamlesh Yadav
- Department of UrologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Wassim Abida
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of MedicineMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Henrik Moller
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Population and Global HealthKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel Berney
- Department of Molecular OncologyBarts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Howard Scher
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of MedicineMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of MedicineWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkUnited States
| | - Brett Carver
- Department of UrologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Peter Scardino
- Department of UrologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular OncologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Barry Taylor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular OncologyMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Andrew Vickers
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive MedicineQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
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Kennedy MPT, Cheyne L, Darby M, Plant P, Milton R, Robson JM, Gill A, Malhotra P, Ashford-Turner V, Rodger K, Paramasivam E, Johnstone A, Bhartia B, Karthik S, Foster C, Lovatt V, Hewitt F, Cresswell L, Coupland VH, Lüchtenborg M, Jack RH, Moller H, Callister MEJ. Lung cancer stage-shift following a symptom awareness campaign. Thorax 2018; 73:1128-1136. [PMID: 29950525 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer outcomes in the UK are worse than in many other developed nations. Symptom awareness campaigns aim to diagnose patients at an earlier stage to improve cancer outcomes. METHODS An early diagnosis campaign for lung cancer commenced in Leeds, UK in 2011 comprising public and primary-care facing components. Rates of community referral for chest X-ray and lung cancer stage (TNM seventh edition) at presentation were collected from 2008 to 2015. Linear trends were assessed by χ2 test for trend in proportions. Headline figures are presented for the 3 years pre-campaign (2008-2010) and the three most recent years for which data are available during the campaign (2013-2015). FINDINGS Community-ordered chest X-ray rates per year increased from 18 909 in 2008-2010 to 34 194 in 2013-2015 (80.8% increase). A significant stage shift towards earlier stage lung cancer was seen (χ2(1)=32.2, p<0.0001). There was an 8.8 percentage point increase in the proportion of patients diagnosed with stage I/II lung cancer (26.5% pre-campaign vs 35.3% during campaign) and a 9.3% reduction in the absolute number of patients diagnosed with stage III/IV disease (1254 pre-campaign vs 1137 during campaign). INTERPRETATION This is the largest described lung cancer stage-shift in association with a symptom awareness campaign. A causal link between the campaign and stage-shift cannot be proven but appears plausible. Limitations of the analysis include a lack of contemporary control population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn P T Kennedy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Leanne Cheyne
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Michael Darby
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Plant
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Richard Milton
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Jonathan M Robson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Alison Gill
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, York Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | - Puneet Malhotra
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Lancashire, UK
| | - Victoria Ashford-Turner
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Kirsty Rodger
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Elankumaran Paramasivam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Annette Johnstone
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Bobby Bhartia
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Shishir Karthik
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Veronica Lovatt
- St Gemma's Hospice, previously Leeds Primary Care Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Francesca Hewitt
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Cresswell
- Public Health, Leeds City Council previously Leeds Primary Care Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Victoria H Coupland
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Margreet Lüchtenborg
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK.,Cancer Epidemiology, Population and Global Health Programme, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth H Jack
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Henrik Moller
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew E J Callister
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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8
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MacLeod CJ, Green P, Tompkins DM, Benge J, Moller H. Optimising survey effort to monitor environmental variables: A case study using New Zealand kiwifruit orchards. J Environ Manage 2016; 183:13-21. [PMID: 27567933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring is increasingly used to assess spatial and temporal trends in agricultural sustainability, and test the effectiveness of farm management policies. However, detecting changes in environmental variables is often technically and logistically challenging. To demonstrate how survey effort for environmental monitoring can be optimised, we applied the new statistical power analysis R package simr to pilot survey data. Specifically, we identified the amount of survey effort required to have an 80% chance of detecting specified trends (-1 to -4% pa) in 13 environmental variables on New Zealand kiwifruit orchards within an 11-year period. The variables assessed were related to soil status, agricultural pests (birds), or ecosystem composition (birds). Analyses were conducted on average values (for each orchard and year combination) to provide a consistent scale for comparison among variables. Survey frequency varied from annual (11 surveys) to every 5 years (3 surveys). Survey size was set at either 30, 60, 150 or 300 orchards. In broad terms, we show the power to detect a specified range of trends over an 11-year period in this sector is much higher for 'soil status' than for 'agricultural pest' or 'ecosystem composition'. Changes in one subset of native bird species (nectar-feeders) requiring a particularly high level of relative survey effort to detect with confidence. Monitoring soil status can thus be smaller and less frequent than those which also want to detect changes in agricultural pests or ecosystem composition (with the latter requiring the most effort) but will depend on the magnitude of changes that is meaningful to detect. This assessment thus allows kiwifruit industry in New Zealand to optimise survey design to the desired information, and provides a template for other industries to do likewise. Power analyses are now more accessible through the provision of the simr package, so deploying and integrating them into design and decision-making should be routine to reduce the risk of inefficiencies and opportunity costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Green
- Landcare Research, Private Bag 1930, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - Jayson Benge
- The Agribusiness Group, c⁄o ZESPRI International Limited, PO Box 4043, Mt Maunganui 3149, New Zealand
| | - Henrik Moller
- Centre for Sustainability: Agriculture, Food, Energy, Environment, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Ghosh J, Lazaridis G, Viney Z, Verma H, Sheriff I, Wang Y, Moller H, Spicer J, Sarker D. Does dose affect tumour response in phase I oncology trials of non-cytotoxic agents? Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw368.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Stankiewicz E, Mao X, Mangham DC, Xu L, Fisher G, North B, Moller H, Scardino P, Cuzick J, Berney D, Lu YJ. Abstract 1614: Identification of FBXL4 as a bone metastasis-associated gene in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among men in Western developed countries. While the majority of PCa diagnosed by PSA screening are indolent, advanced and metastatic disease has a significant mortality and morbidity. Bone metastases are extremely common in PCa and identification of bone metastasis associated genes may provide insights into PCa progression and assist in finding new drug targets. However, the genetic study of bone metastases is very limited due to the difficulty of sampling. By analyzing PCa bone metastases using high density microarrays, we found a common genomic copy number loss at 6q16.1-16.2, containing the FBXL4 gene, which was confirmed in a separate and larger series of bone metastatic samples by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Loss of FBXL4 was also detected in primary PCa, although at a significantly lower frequency than in bone metastases, and it was highly associated with prognostic factors including high Gleason score, clinical stage, PSA and extent of disease, as well as poor patient survival in conservatively-managed localized PCa, suggesting that loss of FBXL4 contributes to PCa progression. We also demonstrated that FBXL4 deletion is detectable in circulating tumor cells, making it a potential disease prognostic or progression monitoring biomarker by ‘liquid biopsy’. Consistent with loss of FBXL4 being associated with aggressive tumors, we demonstrated in vitro that FBXL4 plays a role in regulating the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Therefore, FBXL4 is a potential novel PCa suppressor gene, which may prevent cancer progression and bone metastasis through controlling cell invasion.
Citation Format: Elzbieta Stankiewicz, Xueying Mao, D Chas Mangham, Lei Xu, Gabrielle Fisher, Bernard North, Henrik Moller, Peter Scardino, Jack Cuzick, Dan Berney, Yong-Jie Lu. Identification of FBXL4 as a bone metastasis-associated gene in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1614.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Stankiewicz
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xueying Mao
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Chas Mangham
- 2The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Xu
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle Fisher
- 3Cancer Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Mathematics and Statistics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard North
- 3Cancer Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Mathematics and Statistics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Moller
- 4King's College London, Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Scardino
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Cuzick
- 3Cancer Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Mathematics and Statistics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Berney
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- 1Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Buxton R, Taylor G, Jones C, O'Lyver P, Moller H, Cree A, Towns D. Spatio-temporal changes in density and distribution of burrow-nesting seabird colonies after rat eradication. NEW ZEAL J ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.20417/nzjecol.40.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lyver PO, Akins A, Phipps H, Kahui V, Towns DR, Moller H. Key biocultural values to guide restoration action and planning in New Zealand. Restor Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashli Akins
- CSAFE; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Hilary Phipps
- Landcare Research; PO Box 69040 Lincoln 7640 New Zealand
| | - Viktoria Kahui
- Department of Economics; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - David R. Towns
- Department of Conservation; Private Bag 68908 Newton Auckland 1145 New Zealand
- Institute for Applied Ecology; Auckland University of Technology; Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Henrik Moller
- CSAFE; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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Newton JN, Briggs ADM, Murray CJL, Dicker D, Foreman KJ, Wang H, Naghavi M, Forouzanfar MH, Ohno SL, Barber RM, Vos T, Stanaway JD, Schmidt JC, Hughes AJ, Fay DFJ, Ecob R, Gresser C, McKee M, Rutter H, Abubakar I, Ali R, Anderson HR, Banerjee A, Bennett DA, Bernabé E, Bhui KS, Biryukov SM, Bourne RR, Brayne CEG, Bruce NG, Brugha TS, Burch M, Capewell S, Casey D, Chowdhury R, Coates MM, Cooper C, Critchley JA, Dargan PI, Dherani MK, Elliott P, Ezzati M, Fenton KA, Fraser MS, Fürst T, Greaves F, Green MA, Gunnell DJ, Hannigan BM, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hemingway H, Larson HJ, Looker KJ, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Marcenes W, Mason-Jones AJ, Matthews FE, Moller H, Murdoch ME, Newton CR, Pearce N, Piel FB, Pope D, Rahimi K, Rodriguez A, Scarborough P, Schumacher AE, Shiue I, Smeeth L, Tedstone A, Valabhji J, Williams HC, Wolfe CDA, Woolf AD, Davis ACJ. Changes in health in England, with analysis by English regions and areas of deprivation, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 386:2257-74. [PMID: 26382241 PMCID: PMC4672153 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), knowledge about health and its determinants has been integrated into a comparable framework to inform health policy. Outputs of this analysis are relevant to current policy questions in England and elsewhere, particularly on health inequalities. We use GBD 2013 data on mortality and causes of death, and disease and injury incidence and prevalence to analyse the burden of disease and injury in England as a whole, in English regions, and within each English region by deprivation quintile. We also assess disease and injury burden in England attributable to potentially preventable risk factors. England and the English regions are compared with the remaining constituent countries of the UK and with comparable countries in the European Union (EU) and beyond. METHODS We extracted data from the GBD 2013 to compare mortality, causes of death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with a disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in England, the UK, and 18 other countries (the first 15 EU members [apart from the UK] and Australia, Canada, Norway, and the USA [EU15+]). We extended elements of the analysis to English regions, and subregional areas defined by deprivation quintile (deprivation areas). We used data split by the nine English regions (corresponding to the European boundaries of the Nomenclature for Territorial Statistics level 1 [NUTS 1] regions), and by quintile groups within each English region according to deprivation, thereby making 45 regional deprivation areas. Deprivation quintiles were defined by area of residence ranked at national level by Index of Multiple Deprivation score, 2010. Burden due to various risk factors is described for England using new GBD methodology to estimate independent and overlapping attributable risk for five tiers of behavioural, metabolic, and environmental risk factors. We present results for 306 causes and 2337 sequelae, and 79 risks or risk clusters. FINDINGS Between 1990 and 2013, life expectancy from birth in England increased by 5·4 years (95% uncertainty interval 5·0-5·8) from 75·9 years (75·9-76·0) to 81·3 years (80·9-81·7); gains were greater for men than for women. Rates of age-standardised YLLs reduced by 41·1% (38·3-43·6), whereas DALYs were reduced by 23·8% (20·9-27·1), and YLDs by 1·4% (0·1-2·8). For these measures, England ranked better than the UK and the EU15+ means. Between 1990 and 2013, the range in life expectancy among 45 regional deprivation areas remained 8·2 years for men and decreased from 7·2 years in 1990 to 6·9 years in 2013 for women. In 2013, the leading cause of YLLs was ischaemic heart disease, and the leading cause of DALYs was low back and neck pain. Known risk factors accounted for 39·6% (37·7-41·7) of DALYs; leading behavioural risk factors were suboptimal diet (10·8% [9·1-12·7]) and tobacco (10·7% [9·4-12·0]). INTERPRETATION Health in England is improving although substantial opportunities exist for further reductions in the burden of preventable disease. The gap in mortality rates between men and women has reduced, but marked health inequalities between the least deprived and most deprived areas remain. Declines in mortality have not been matched by similar declines in morbidity, resulting in people living longer with diseases. Health policies must therefore address the causes of ill health as well as those of premature mortality. Systematic action locally and nationally is needed to reduce risk exposures, support healthy behaviours, alleviate the severity of chronic disabling disorders, and mitigate the effects of socioeconomic deprivation. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Public Health England.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Newton
- Public Health England, London, UK; University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | | | | | - Daniel Dicker
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle J Foreman
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Haidong Wang
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan M Barber
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo Vos
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin McKee
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Harry Rutter
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ibrahim Abubakar
- Public Health England, London, UK; Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK
| | - Raghib Ali
- INDOX Cancer Research Network, Oxford, UK; John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Green-Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - H Ross Anderson
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, London, UK; St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Derrick A Bennett
- Clinical Trials Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kamaldeep S Bhui
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Rupert R Bourne
- Vision & Eye Research Unit, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carol E G Brayne
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Michael Burch
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | | | - Daniel Casey
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southhampton, UK
| | | | - Paul I Dargan
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Majid Ezzati
- MRC-PHE Centre for Population Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Maya S Fraser
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Fürst
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Felix Greaves
- Public Health England, London, UK; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark A Green
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Gunnell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Simon I Hay
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Harry Hemingway
- University College London, London, UK; Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, London, UK
| | - Heidi J Larson
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Katharine J Looker
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Raimundas Lunevicius
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ronan A Lyons
- Farr Institute, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Amanda J Mason-Jones
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK; Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fiona E Matthews
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Henrik Moller
- Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Neil Pearce
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Kazem Rahimi
- George Institute for Global Health and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alina Rodriguez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Peter Scarborough
- British Heart Foundation Centre on Population Approaches for NCD Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ivy Shiue
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland; Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, London, UK; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Valabhji
- NHS England, Leeds, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Adrian C J Davis
- Public Health England, London, UK; London School of Economics, London, UK; University College London, London, UK
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Merfield C, Moller H, Manhire J, Rosin C, Norton S, Carey P, Hunt L, Reid J, Fairweather J, Benge J, Quellec IL, Campbell H, Lucock D, Saunders C, MacLeod C, Barber A, McCarthy A. Are Organic Standards Sufficient to Ensure Sustainable Agriculture? Lessons From New Zealand’s ARGOS and Sustainability Dashboard Projects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5539/sar.v4n3p158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
<p>Our review concludes that organic standards need to account for a broader set of criteria in order to retain claims to ‘sustainability’. Measurements of the ecological, economic and social outcomes from over 96 kiwifruit, sheep/beef and dairy farms in New Zealand between 2004 and 2012 by The <em>Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability</em> (ARGOS) project showed some enhanced ecosystem services from organic agriculture that will assist a “land-sharing” approach for sustainable land management. However, the efficiency of provisioning services is reduced in organic systems and this potentially undermines a “land-sparing” strategy to secure food security and ecosystem services. Other aspects of the farm operation that are not considered in the organic standards sometimes had just as much or even a greater effect on ecosystem services than restriction of chemical inputs and synthetic fertilisers. An organic farming version of the <em>New Zealand Sustainability Dashboard</em> will integrate organic standards and wider agricultural best practice into a broad and multidimensional sustainability assessment framework and package of learning tools. There is huge variation in performance of farms within a given farming system. Therefore improving ecosystem services depends as much on locally tuned learning and adjustments of farm practice on individual farms as on uptake of organic or Integrated Management farming system protocols.</p>
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Rock J, Sparrow A, Wass R, Moller H. Building dialogue on complex conservation issues in a conference setting. Conserv Biol 2014; 28:1428-1433. [PMID: 24962421 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dialogue about complex science and society issues is important for contemporary conservation agendas. Conferences provide an appropriate space for such dialogue, but despite its recognized worth, best practices for facilitating active dialogue are still being explored. Face-to-face (FTF) and computer-mediated communication (CMC) are two approaches to facilitating dialogue that have different strengths. We assessed the use of these approaches to create dialogue on cultural perspectives of conservation and biodiversity at a national ecology conference. In particular, we aimed to evaluate their potential to enhance dialogue through their integrated application. We used an interactive blog to generate CMC on participant-sourced issues and to prime subsequent discussion in an FTF conference workshop. The quantity and quality of both CMC and FTF discussion indicated that both approaches were effective in building dialogue. Prior to the conference the blog averaged 126 views per day, and 44 different authors contributed a total of 127 comments. Twenty-five participants subsequently participated in active FTF discussion during a 3-h workshop. Postconference surveys confirmed that CMC had developed participants' thinking and deepened FTF dialogue; 88% indicated specifically that CMC helped facilitate the FTF discussion. A further 83% of respondents concluded that preliminary blog discussion would be useful for facilitating dialogue at future conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Rock
- Centre for Science Communication, Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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Cuzick J, Stone S, Fisher G, North B, Berney D, Beltran L, Greenberg D, Moller H, Reid J, Gutin A, Lanchbury J, Brawer M, Scardino P. Combined Analysis of an Rna Cell Cycle Progression (Ccp) Score for Predicting Prostate Cancer Death in Two Conservatively Managed Needle Biopsy Cohorts. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu336.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mikhaeel G, Moller H, Warbey V. Patterns of Mediastinal Lymph Node (MLN) Involvement by Lymphoma Using International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Classification. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cuzick J, Stone S, Yang ZH, Reid J, Fisher G, Berney D, Beltran L, Moller H, Greenberg D, Brawer M, Gutin A, Lanchbury J, Scardino P. MP79-17 VALIDATION OF A 46-GENE CELL CYCLE PROGRESSION (CCP) RNA SIGNATURE FOR PREDICTING PROSTATE CANCER DEATH IN A CONSERVATIVELY MANAGED WATCHFUL WAITING NEEDLE BIOPSY COHORT. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Buxton RT, Jones C, Moller H, Towns DR. Drivers of seabird population recovery on New Zealand islands after predator eradication. Conserv Biol 2014; 28:333-344. [PMID: 24527858 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Eradication of introduced mammalian predators from islands has become increasingly common, with over 800 successful projects around the world. Historically, introduced predators extirpated or reduced the size of many seabird populations, changing the dynamics of entire island ecosystems. Although the primary outcome of many eradication projects is the restoration of affected seabird populations, natural population responses are rarely documented and mechanisms are poorly understood. We used a generic model of seabird colony growth to identify key predictor variables relevant to recovery or recolonization. We used generalized linear mixed models to test the importance of these variables in driving seabird population responses after predator eradication on islands around New Zealand. The most influential variable affecting recolonization of seabirds around New Zealand was the distance to a source population, with few cases of recolonization without a source population ≤25 km away. Colony growth was most affected by metapopulation status; there was little colony growth in species with a declining status. These characteristics may facilitate the prioritization of newly predator-free islands for active management. Although we found some evidence documenting natural recovery, generally this topic was understudied. Our results suggest that in order to guide management strategies, more effort should be allocated to monitoring wildlife response after eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel T Buxton
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Centre for Sustainability: Agriculture, Food, Energy, and Environment, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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Humphries GRW, Bragg C, Overton J, Lyver POB, Moller H. Pattern recognition in long‐term Sooty Shearwater data: applying machine learning to create a harvest index. Ecol Appl 2014; 24:2107-2121. [PMID: 29188684 DOI: 10.1890/13-2023.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rakiura Māori (New Zealand's southernmost group of indigenous peoples) have harvested the chicks of burrow-nesting Sooty Shearwaters (Tītī; Puffinus griseus) for generations. As part of the harvest process, some families have maintained annual harvest diaries, some dating back to the 1950s. We used generalized boosted regression models, a machine-learning algorithm, to calculate a harvest index that takes into account factors that could impact the numbers of birds taken on any given hunt. For predicted vs. observed values, r2 was between 0.59 and 0.90 for the nanao (first half of the season, when chicks are harvested from burrows during the day) and 0.67 and 0.88 for the rama (second half of the season, during which chicks are harvested from the surface at night). Exploration of the controlling factors of the models revealed that “day of season” plays an important role in predicting daily harvest during the second half of the season (the rama). The nightly tally in the rama peaked approximately halfway through (10–15 days in), which is probably related to the timing of birds emerging from burrows to fledge. The models also suggested that data from the rama (when chicks are 100–120 days old) may be the most suitable for long-term monitoring of populations of Sooty Shearwaters due to consistencies in calculated harvest indices between diaries. Nanao harvest indices, although less consistent, showed patterns similar to those of the rama. When comparing these data to the harvest indices calculated by general linear models by Clucas and colleagues, we found that the agreement between both indices was r2 = 0.31 and r2 = 0.59 for the nanao and rama, respectively. The use of machine learning to correct for extraneous factors (e.g., hunting effort, skill level, or weather) and to create standardized measures could be applied to other systems such as fisheries or terrestrial resource management.
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Beddowes E, Hatipoglu E, Montes A, Spicer J, Moller H, Lal R. 16 Characterising the use and impact of bisphosphonates in patients with bone metastases from non-small cell lung cancer; a single centre experience. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(14)70017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Spicer J, Moller H, Papa S. Reply to A. Surbone et al. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:2833. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.49.6687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Spicer
- King's College London; and Guy's & St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie Papa
- King's College London; and Guy's & St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Mohd Noor A, Sarker D, Vizor S, McLennan B, Hunter S, Suder A, Moller H, Spicer JF, Papa S. Effect of patient socioeconomic status on access to early-phase cancer trials. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:224-30. [PMID: 23213088 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.45.0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the influence of socioeconomic factors on patient access to cancer trials. Differences should be considered to ensure generalizability of trial results and equality of access. METHODS Phase I trials unit referrals at our center over 5 years, from 2007 to 2012, were reviewed. Socioeconomic status was defined by the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD; 1, least deprived; 5, most deprived). Multivariate analysis was performed comparing incident cancer cases with referred patients and those ultimately enrolled onto a trial. RESULTS Four hundred thirty patients were referred (median age, 62 years). Compared with 10,784 incident cases, referral was less likely for patients in the more-deprived quintiles compared with the least deprived (IMD 5: odds ratio [OR], 0.53; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.74). Once reviewed in the unit, enrollment onto a trial was not affected (IMD 5: OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.40 to 1.63). Ethnicity analysis showed the nonwhite population was less likely to be recruited (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.88). This relationship was lost with adjustment for age, sex, cancer type, and deprivation index. CONCLUSION We show for the first time to our knowledge that socioeconomic status affects early-phase cancer trial referrals. The least-deprived patients are almost twice as likely to be referred compared with the most deprived. This may be because more-deprived patients are less suitable for a trial-as a result of comorbidities, for example-or because of inequalities that could be addressed by patient or referrer education. Once reviewed at the unit, enrollment onto a trial is not affected by deprivation.
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Craig J, Moller H, Saunders D, Williams M. Enhancing our Heritage: Conservation for 21st Century New Zealanders: Ways forward from the Tahi Group of Concerned Scientists. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/pc130256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
New Zealanders are constantly reminded of their degraded environment and the threatened status of their unique
plants, animals and ecosystems. Instead of presenting these as symptoms of unsustainable living and the socio-economic
system that rewards this, there has been a propensity to treat these as independent problems needing individual solutions
with insufficient resources allocated to implement the solutions. For example, conservation of native biota and ecosystem
protection are viewed as biological problems that are mainly the responsibility of government to be addressed through
a government-based reserve system. In contrast, the Tahi Group view a diverse native biota and healthy ecosystems
as essential elements of New Zealanders’ heritage that require social engagement and innovative economic reform.
Most of all, the New Zealand conservation paradigm needs to be broadened to encourage collaboration of a wider
range of stakeholders and land owners and the application of new tools for learning how best to reverse ongoing decline
of native biota and degradation of ecosystems. Diversification of conservation strategies has begun in small “bottomup”
ways in communities, organizations, businesses and institutions, powered by commitment and energy of many
individual citizens. These strategies, where monitored, demonstrate effective and efficient actions that inspires hope
for a future that fully integrates conservation as a normal and an essential component of a prosperous economy and
healthy South Pacific society with little or no government input. We make a plea to move from the constant reiteration
of conservation problems to a focus on developing and implementing solutions to these problems with the engagement
of all New Zealanders.
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Dregan A, Moller H, Murray-Thomas T, Gulliford M. Validity of cancer diagnosis in a primary care database compared with linked cancer registrations in England. Population-based cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2012; 36:425-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dregan A, Murray-Thomas T, Moller H, Gulliford M. PS04 Validity of Cancer Diagnosis in a Primary Care Database Compared with Linked Cancer Registrations in England. Population-Based Cohort Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2012-201753.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Noor AM, Vizor S, McLennan B, Sarker D, Moller H, Spicer J, Papa S. The Impact of Patient Socio-Econonomic Status on Access to Early Phase Cancer Trials. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Clucas R, Moller H, Bragg C, Fletcher D, Lyver PO, Newman J. Rakiura Māori muttonbirding diaries: monitoring trends in tītī (Puffinus griseus) abundance in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2011.621438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Moller H, Craig JL. The population ecology of Rattus exulans on Tiritiri Matangi Island, and a model of comparative population dynamics in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.1987.10423001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) may have perceptual distortions for their appearance. Previous studies suggest imbalances in detailed relative to configural/holistic visual processing when viewing faces. No study has investigated the neural correlates of processing non-symptom-related stimuli. The objective of this study was to determine whether individuals with BDD have abnormal patterns of brain activation when viewing non-face/non-body object stimuli. METHOD Fourteen medication-free participants with DSM-IV BDD and 14 healthy controls participated. We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants matched photographs of houses that were unaltered, contained only high spatial frequency (HSF, high detail) information or only low spatial frequency (LSF, low detail) information. The primary outcome was group differences in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes. RESULTS The BDD group showed lower activity in the parahippocampal gyrus, lingual gyrus and precuneus for LSF images. There were greater activations in medial prefrontal regions for HSF images, although no significant differences when compared to a low-level baseline. Greater symptom severity was associated with lower activity in the dorsal occipital cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex for normal spatial frequency (NSF) and HSF images. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with BDD have abnormal brain activation patterns when viewing objects. Hypoactivity in visual association areas for configural and holistic (low detail) elements and abnormal allocation of prefrontal systems for details are consistent with a model of imbalances in global versus local processing. This may occur not only for appearance but also for general stimuli unrelated to their symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Feusner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Jack RH, Davies EA, Moller H. 037 Lung cancer incidence and survival in ethnic groups in South-East England. Br J Soc Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.120956.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Reid A, Attard G, Ambroisine L, Fisher G, Kovacs G, Brewer D, Clark J, Flohr P, Edwards S, Berney DM, Foster CS, Fletcher A, Gerald WL, Moller H, Reuter VE, Scardino PT, Cuzick J, De Bono JS, Cooper CS. Abstract 662: Molecular characterisation of ERG, ETV-1 and PTEN- gene loci identifies patients at low and high risk of death from prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The discovery of ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements and PTEN-gene loss suggests their use in a mechanism-based prognostic classification of prostate cancer (PCa).
Purpose: To evaluate the potential clinical significance and natural history of different disease categories by combining ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements and PTEN-gene loss status.
Methods: We utilized fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays to detect PTEN-gene loss and ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements in 308 conservatively managed PCa patients with survival outcome data.
Results: ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements alone and PTEN-gene loss alone each failed to show a link to survival in multivariate analyses. However, there was a strong interaction between ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements and PTEN-gene loss (p<0.001). The largest subgroup of patients (54%), lacking both PTEN-gene loss and ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements comprised a ‘good prognosis’ population exhibiting favourable cancer-specific survival (85.5% alive at 11 years). The presence of PTEN-gene loss in the absence of ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements identified a patient population (6%) with poorer cancer-specific survival that was highly significant (HR = 4.87, p<0.001 in multivariate analysis, 13.7% survival at 11 years) when compared to the ‘good prognosis’ group. ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangement and PTEN-gene loss status should now prospectively be incorporated into a predictive model to establish whether predictive performance is improved.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that FISH studies of PTEN-gene loss and ERG/ETV-1-gene rearrangements could be pursued for patient stratification, selection and hypothesis-generating sub-group analyses in future PCa clinical trials and potentially in patient management.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 662.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Reid
- 1Institute of Cancer Research/ Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Gerhardt Attard
- 1Institute of Cancer Research/ Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Ambroisine
- 2Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle Fisher
- 2Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Gyula Kovacs
- 3Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Brewer
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Clark
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Flohr
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Edwards
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- 5Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris S. Foster
- 6Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Fletcher
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Henrik Moller
- 1Institute of Cancer Research/ Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jack Cuzick
- 2Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Johann S. De Bono
- 1Institute of Cancer Research/ Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Colin S. Cooper
- 4Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Davies EA, Sehgal A, Linklater KM, Heaps K, Moren C, Walford C, Cook R, Moller H. Cancer in the London prison population, 1986-2005. J Public Health (Oxf) 2010; 32:526-31. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdq009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil O'B Lyver
- a Landcare Research , PO Box 40, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
| | | | - Henrik Moller
- b Centre for Study of Agriculture, Food & Environment—Kā Rakahau o te Ao Tūroa (CSAFE) , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Stephenson
- a Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - Henrik Moller
- b Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Roa
- a Ngāti Maniapoto, Waikato, School of Māori and Pacific Development , University of Waikato , Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand E-mail:
| | - Jacqueline R. Beggs
- b Ngāti Awa, School of Biological Sciences , University of Auckland , Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jim Williams
- c Ngāi Tahu, Te Tumu, School of Māori, Pacific and Indigenous Studies , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Henrik Moller
- d Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand E-mail:
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Nevins HM, Adams J, Moller H, Newman J, Hester M, Hyrenbach KD. International and cross‐cultural management in conservation of migratory species. J R Soc N Z 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220909510576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josh Adams
- b Oikonos Ecological Knowledge , PO Box 1932, Benicia, CA, 94510, USA
- c Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Henrik Moller
- c Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jamie Newman
- c Centre for the Study of Agriculture, Food and Environment , University of Otago , PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michelle Hester
- b Oikonos Ecological Knowledge , PO Box 1932, Benicia, CA, 94510, USA
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Feusner J, Moody T, Hembacher E, Hoffman J, Moller H, Bookheimer S. PW01-173 - Object visual processing in body dysmorphic disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Smith DHV, Moller H, Wilson DJ, Murphy EC. Prey switching by stoats (Mustela erminea): a supplemental food experiment. Wildl Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/wr10088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Prey switching by invasive carnivorans to changing food supply could severely impact on endemic prey of conservation importance, but experimental evidence for prey switching in carnivorans is rare. Stoats (Mustela erminea) were introduced to New Zealand and now threaten survival of many native birds, reptiles and invertebrates.
Aim
Our primary objective was to see whether abundant food caused stoats inhabiting an alpine grassland site to alter the rate at which they preyed upon weta (Orthoptera : Hemiandrus sp.), hares (Lepus europeus), birds and mice (Mus musculus).
Methods
We used dead rabbits as supplemental food in a before-after-control-impact experiment. Stoat scats were collected from a treatment and non-treatment site before and following food supplementation. Percentage frequency occurrence of the different prey types was assessed for the two sites during each experimental phase.
Conclusions
Stoats ate fewer ground weta and hares, the two most abundant prey types, when supplemental food was added. In contrast, consumption of mice remained relatively stable at both sites throughout the experiment, and the consumption of birds declined at both sites.
Implications
Our experiment suggests that stoats may continue to eat scarce endemic prey at similar per capita rates even when alternative prey are available. However, endemic prey that are locally or regionally abundant may be indirectly impacted by fluctuations in alternative prey.
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Shan L, Ambroisine L, Clark J, Yanez-Munoz R, Fisher G, Kudahetti S, Foster C, Reuter V, Moller H, Moller D, Berney D, Scardino P, Cuzick J, Oliver T, Lu Y. POD-04.07: A New Recurrent Chromosomal Translocation, T(4;6)(q22;q15), in Prostate Cancer. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Moller H, Masuku EP. The Influence of Liquid Surface Segregation on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Semi-Solid Metal High Pressure Die Cast Alloy F357. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2174/1876503300902010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Moller
- Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Culterty Field Station, Newburgh/Ellon, Aberdeenshire
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Feusner J, Moody T, Hembacher E, Moller H, Bookheimer S. Relationship between depression and anxiety and visual processing in body dysmorphic disorder. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
AIMS The National Health Service (NHS) Cancer Plan aims to eliminate economic inequalities in healthcare provision and cancer outcomes. This study examined the influence of economic status upon the incidence, access to treatment and survival from oesophageal and gastric cancer in a single UK cancer network. METHODOLOGY A total of 3619 patients diagnosed with either oesophageal or gastric cancer in a London Cancer Network (population = 1.48 million) were identified from the Thames Cancer Registry (1993-2002). Patients were ranked into economic quintiles using the income domain of the Multiple Index of Deprivation. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi(2) test. Survival analysis was performed using a Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS Between 1993-1995 and 2000-2002, the incidence of oesophageal cancer in the most affluent males rose by 51% compared with a 2% rise in the least affluent males. The incidence of gastric cancer in most affluent males between 1993-1995 and 2000-2002 fell by 32% compared with a 7% fall in the least affluent males. These changes were less marked in females. Economic deprivation had no effect on the proportion of patients undergoing either resectional surgery or chemotherapy; the least affluent oesophageal cancer patients with a higher incidence of squamous cell carcinoma received significantly more radiotherapy. Economic deprivation had no effect upon survival for either oesophageal or gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS There has been an increase in oesophageal cancer and a decrease in gastric cancer incidence among more affluent males in the last 10 years. Economic status did not appear to influence access to treatment or survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Gossage
- Department of General Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Parker
- Zoology Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A. Pascoe
- Zoology Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - H. Moller
- Department of Conservation, Private Bag, Twizel, New Zealand
| | - R. Maloney
- Department of Conservation, Private Bag, Twizel, New Zealand
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Doobaree IU, Landis SH, Linklater KM, El-Hariry I, Moller H, Tyczynski J. Head and neck cancer in South East England between 1995-1999 and 2000-2004: An estimation of incidence and distribution by site, stage and histological type. Oral Oncol 2009; 45:809-14. [PMID: 19251472 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Population-based data on head and neck cancer (HNC) stage and histological type are poorly described for England; these data are essential for clinical management and research. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and incidence of all HNC and selected anatomical sites by sex, age, stage and histological type using a population-based cancer registry in South East England, and determine if the incidence changed between 1995-1999 and 2000-2004. We identified all HNC cancer cases registered by the Thames Cancer Registry for 1995-1999 and 2000-2004. Frequency distributions and age-standardised incidence rates were calculated by sex, age, stage and histological type and trends in incidence between the two time periods were described using incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. A total of 8700 HNC cases were reported in 2000-2004, representing an age-standardised incidence rate of 8.59 per 100000, which did not change significantly from 1995-1999. The three commonest HNC sites were intra-oral cavity, larynx and tonsil. Males were two to six times as likely as females to be diagnosed with HNC and there was a trend toward younger age at diagnosis over time. Significant increases in the incidence rate of intra-oral cavity cancer for both sexes and tonsillar cancer among males were observed. Conversely, laryngeal cancer incidence decreased over time. Staging data was only available for about 40% of HNC cases. Seventy six percent of HNC cases were squamous cell carcinomas. Trends in incidence varied between HNC sites, highlighting the importance of presenting data for individual HNC sites. The high proportion of unstaged cancers may result from incomplete recording in medical records; thus, the reporting of staging data should be made a priority.
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Scott D, Moller H, Fletcher D, Newman J, Aryal J, Bragg C, Charleton K. Predictive habitat modelling to estimate petrel breeding colony sizes: Sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus) and mottled petrels (Pterodroma inexpectata) on Whenua Hou Island. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220909510156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adams J, Scott D, McKechnie S, Blackwell G, Shaffer SA, Moller H. Effects of geolocation archival tags on reproduction and adult body mass of sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220909510160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Moller H, Fletcher D, Johnson PN, Bell BD, Flack D, Bragg C, Scott D, Newman J, McKechnie S, Lyver PO. Changes in sooty shearwater (Puffinus griseus) abundance and harvesting on the Rakiura Titi Islands. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220909510158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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