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Minami T, Sato M, Toyoda H, Yasuda S, Yamada T, Nakatsuka T, Enooku K, Nakagawa H, Fujinaga H, Izumiya M, Tanaka Y, Otsuka M, Ohki T, Arai M, Asaoka Y, Tanaka A, Yasuda K, Miura H, Ogata I, Kamoshida T, Inoue K, Nakagomi R, Akamatsu M, Mitsui H, Fujie H, Ogura K, Uchino K, Yoshida H, Hanajiri K, Wada T, Kurai K, Maekawa H, Kondo Y, Obi S, Teratani T, Masaki N, Nagashima K, Ishikawa T, Kato N, Yotsuyanagi H, Moriya K, Kumada T, Fujishiro M, Koike K, Tateishi R. Machine learning for individualized prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma development after the eradication of hepatitis C virus with antivirals. J Hepatol 2023; 79:S0168-8278(23)00424-5. [PMID: 37716372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Accurate risk stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after achieving a sustained viral response (SVR) is necessary for optimal surveillance. We aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict the risk of HCC after achieving an SVR in individual patients. METHODS In this multicenter cohort study, 1742 patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved an SVR were enrolled. Five ML models were developed including DeepSurv, gradient boosting survival analysis, random survival forest (RSF), survival support vector machine, and a conventional Cox proportional hazard model. Model performance was evaluated using Harrel' c-index and was externally validated in an independent cohort (977 patients). RESULTS During the mean observation period of 5.4 years, 122 patients developed HCC (83 in the derivation cohort and 39 in the external validation cohort). The RSF model showed the best discrimination ability using seven parameters at the achievement of an SVR with a c-index of 0.839 in the external validation cohort and a high discriminative ability when the patients were categorized into three risk groups (P <0.001). Furthermore, this RSF model enabled the generation of an individualized predictive curve for HCC occurrence for each patient with an app available online. CONCLUSIONS We developed and externally validated an RSF model with good predictive performance for the risk of HCC after an SVR. The application of this novel model is available on the website. This model could provide the data to consider an effective surveillance method. Further studies are needed to make recommendations for surveillance policies tailored to the medical situation in each country. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS A novel prediction model for HCC occurrence in patients after hepatitis C virus eradication was developed using machine learning algorithms. This model, using seven commonly measured parameters, has been shown to have a good predictive ability for HCC development and could provide a personalized surveillance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masaya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital
| | - Tomoharu Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takuma Nakatsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kenichiro Enooku
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hayato Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hidetaka Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masashi Izumiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yasuo Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takamasa Ohki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital
| | - Masahiro Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toshiba General Hospital
| | | | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | | | - Hideaki Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center
| | - Itsuro Ogata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kawakita General Hospital
| | | | - Kazuaki Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Ryo Nakagomi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teacher
| | | | | | - Hajime Fujie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center
| | - Keiji Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital
| | - Koji Uchino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center
| | | | | | | | - Hisato Maekawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Takanawa Hospital
| | - Yuji Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoundo Hospital
| | - Shuntaro Obi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoundo Hospital
| | - Takuma Teratani
- Department of Hepato-Bililary-Pancreatic Medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo
| | - Naohiko Masaki
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | - Kayo Nagashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Disaster Medical Center
| | | | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Disease and Applied Immunology, The University of Tokyo the Institute of Medical Science Research Hospital
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
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Ishii N, Shiratori Y, Yano T, Konai M, Arai Y, Hamada J, Maekawa H, Omata F. Reevaluation of Gastric Cancer Screening by Levin's Equation. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2022; 13:e00530. [PMID: 36087057 PMCID: PMC9624491 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to reevaluate the effectiveness of fluoroscopy and endoscopy in reducing gastric cancer mortality at the population level. METHODS Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates of gastric cancer and the introduction rates of gastric cancer screening were extracted from the Cancer Registry and Statistics database. The population-attributable risk (PAR) percent of no screening for gastric cancer mortality was calculated using Levin's equation. The PAR of each mortality rate in the no-screening group was estimated as follows: mortality × PAR%. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test for trends and linear regression were performed to compare the PAR of gastric cancer mortality rates among the decades. RESULTS The PAR of crude and age-adjusted mortality rates in the no-screening group significantly decreased in the total population ( P for trend <0.001), as well as individually in the male ( P for trend <0.001) and female ( P for trend <0.001) populations. The PAR of the crude mortality rate in the female population significantly decreased in 2000-2009 and 2010-2019, compared with that in 1980-1989. There was no significant difference in the PAR of crude mortality rate in the male population among the decades. The PAR of the age-adjusted mortality rate significantly decreased in 2000-2009 and 2010-2019, compared with that in 1980-1989, in the male and female populations. DISCUSSION PAR% and PAR of no screening for gastric cancer mortality could be estimated using Levin's equation, and the effectiveness of the present gastric cancer screenings with fluoroscopy and endoscopy has been decreasing, especially in the female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ishii
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Yasutoshi Shiratori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital of Sherbrooke University, Quebec, Canada;
| | - Takahiko Yano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Mimoe Konai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Yuki Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Jun Hamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Hisato Maekawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Fumio Omata
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Jinushi R, Ishii N, Yano T, Imamura N, Maekawa H, Kamachi K. Endoscopic balloon dilation for the prevention of severe strictures caused by acute esophageal necrosis. DEN Open 2022; 2:e43. [PMID: 35310749 PMCID: PMC8828174 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 58‐year‐old man who had the history of alcohol dependence was referred to our emergency center due to severe nausea, vomiting, and subsequent onset of chest and back pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed black‐appearing esophagus mucosa extending from the cervical esophagus to the esophagogastric junction with clear margins, a condition typically referred to as a black esophagus. Alcohol abuse was considered an important factor associated with acute esophageal necrosis in this patient. After admission, he received fluid resuscitation and proton‐pump inhibitors, with restriction of oral intake and treatment of alcohol dependence. Follow‐up EGDs and endoscopic balloon dilation were performed for the management of esophageal narrowing before the development of severe strictures. Strictures were successfully treated endoscopically without complications such as perforation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Jinushi
- Gastroenterology Center Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoki Ishii
- Gastroenterology Center Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Takahiko Yano
- Gastroenterology Center Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Hisato Maekawa
- Gastroenterology Center Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenichi Kamachi
- Gastroenterology Center Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital Tokyo Japan
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Minami T, Tateishi R, Fujiwara N, Nakagomi R, Nakatsuka T, Sato M, Uchino K, Enooku K, Nakagawa H, Fujinaga H, Izumiya M, Hanajiri K, Asaoka Y, Kondo Y, Tanaka Y, Otsuka M, Ohki T, Arai M, Tanaka A, Yasuda K, Miura H, Ogata I, Kamoshida T, Inoue K, Koike Y, Akamatsu M, Mitsui H, Fujie H, Ogura K, Yoshida H, Wada T, Kurai K, Maekawa H, Obi S, Teratani T, Masaki N, Nagashima K, Ishikawa T, Kato N, Moriya K, Yotsuyanagi H, Koike K. Impact of Obesity and Heavy Alcohol Consumption on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development after HCV Eradication with Antivirals. Liver Cancer 2021; 10:309-319. [PMID: 34414119 PMCID: PMC8339497 DOI: 10.1159/000513705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It remains unclear whether obesity increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) with antiviral therapy. METHODS In this multicenter cohort study, we enrolled patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVR with interferon (IFN)-based therapy (IFN group) or direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy (DAA group) between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2018. The patients underwent regular surveillance for HCC. Cumulative incidence of and the risk factors for HCC development after SVR were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, respectively. RESULTS Among 2,055 patients (840 in the IFN group and 1,215 in the DAA group), 75 developed HCC (41 in the IFN group and 34 in the DAA group) during the mean observation period of 4.1 years. The incidence rates of HCC at 1, 2, and 3 years were 1.2, 1.9, and 3.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that in addition to older age, lower albumin level, lower platelet count, higher alpha-fetoprotein level, and absence of dyslipidemia, obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and heavy alcohol consumption (≥60 g/day) were independent risk factors for HCC development, with adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51-4.25) and 2.56 (95% CI: 1.14-5.75), respectively. The adjusted HR was not significant between the 2 groups (DAA vs. IFN; HR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.61-2.33). CONCLUSIONS Obesity and heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of HCC development after SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,*Ryosuke Tateishi,
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagomi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Nakatsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Uchino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Enooku
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Izumiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Hanajiri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology, Sanraku Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoundo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ohki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toshiba General Hospital, Toshiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kiyokawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itsuro Ogata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kawakita General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kamoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitachi General Hospital, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teacher, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Ogura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Wada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanraku Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hisato Maekawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Takanawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Obi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoundo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Teratani
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic medicine, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiko Masaki
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayo Nagashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Disaster Medical Center, Tachikawa, Japan
| | | | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoji Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Disease and Applied Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Jindal-Snape D, Kato M, Maekawa H. Using Self-Evaluation Procedures to Maintain Social Skills in a Child who is Blind. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0145482x9809200517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Kato
- Institute of Special Education, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 305
| | - H. Maekawa
- Institute of Special Education, University of Tsukuba
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Sugo T, Yoshida N, Terukina S, Yamazumi K, Niwa K, Maekawa H, Matsuda M. Structure and Function of Fibrinogen: Insights from Dysfibrinogens. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1615844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe structure-function relationships of dysfibrinogens and their clinical implications are discussed on the basis of the data provided from representative molecules.
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Mala J, Puthong S, Maekawa H, Kaneko Y, Palaga T, Komolpis K, Sooksai S. Construction and sequencing analysis of scFv antibody fragment derived from monoclonal antibody against norfloxacin (Nor155). J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:69-76. [PMID: 30647643 PMCID: PMC6296615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Norfloxacin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolone antibiotics which has been approved for treatment in animals. However, its residues in animal products can pose adverse side effects to consumer. Therefore, detection of the residue in different food matrices must be concerned. In this study, a single chain variable fragment (scFv) that recognizes norfloxacin antibiotic was constructed. The cDNA was synthesized from total RNA of hybridoma cells against norfloxacin. Genes encoding VH and VL regions of monoclonal antibody against norfloxacin (Nor155) were amplified and size of VH and VL fragments was 402 bp and 363 bp, respectively. The scFv of Nor155 was constructed by an addition of (Gly4Ser)3 as a linker between VH and VL regions and subcloned into pPICZαA, an expression vector of Pichia pastoris. The sequence of scFv Nor155 (GenBank No. AJG06891.1) was confirmed by sequencing analysis. The complementarity determining regions (CDR) I, II, and III of VH and VL were specified by Kabat method. The obtained recombinant plasmid will be useful for production of scFv antibody against norfloxacin in P. pastoris and further engineer scFv antibody against fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Mala
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - S. Puthong
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - H. Maekawa
- Yeast Genetic Resources Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y. Kaneko
- Yeast Genetic Resources Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - T. Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - K. Komolpis
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - S. Sooksai
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Ikeda Y, Konno C, Maekawa H. Measurement of Radioactivity Production for48V56Co, and65Zn Via the (p,n) Sequential Reaction Processes in Titanium, Iron, and Copper Metals Associated with 14-MeV Neutron Irradiation. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse94-a21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ikeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
| | - C. Konno
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
| | - H. Maekawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
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Ikeda Y, Cheng ET, Konno C, Maekawa H. Measurement of Neutron Activation Cross Sections for the99Tc(n,p)99Mo,99Tc(n,α)96Nb,99Tc(n,n′α)95Nb, and99Tc(n,n′)99mTc Reactions at 13.5 and 14.8 MeV. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse94-a21478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ikeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
| | - E. T. Cheng
- TSI Research, 225 Stevens Avenue, Suite 110, Solana Beach, California 92075
| | - C. Konno
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
| | - H. Maekawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Department of Reactor Engineering Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11, Japan
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Yamada T, Koda K, Ishibashi K, Kato H, Nishimura G, Ooki S, Yoshimatsu K, Uchida E, Kan H, Kosugi C, Tanaka S, Kato R, Kouketsu S, Nakajima H, Maekawa H, Kobayashi M, Tsubaki M, Yokoyama M, Tanakaya K, Ishida H. 182P Phase II clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6/XELOX for stage III colon cancer in Japanese subjects. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv523.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Tanoue Y, Maekawa H, Inoue T, Watanabe T, Shimoda H, Kuroda T, Nakano R, Sasahira N, Tanaka Y, Yoshiba S. The Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay produced false-negative results in two patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2. Kanzo 2013; 54:507-508. [DOI: 10.2957/kanzo.54.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
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Hojo M, Maekawa K, Saitoh S, Shigenobu S, Miura T, Hayashi Y, Tokuda G, Maekawa H. Exploration and characterization of genes involved in the synthesis of diterpene defence secretion in nasute termite soldiers. Insect Mol Biol 2012; 21:545-557. [PMID: 22984844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2012.01162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nasutitermes takasagoensis soldiers defend their colonies using characteristic diterpenes. Diterpenes are thought to be synthesized in the frontal gland cells surrounding the gland reservoir. To identify the genes involved in diterpene synthesis, a cDNA library was prepared from the frontal gland cells and exhaustively sequenced using a 454 pyrosequencer (GS Junior; Roche, Branford, CT, USA). A total of 50,290 clean sequences were assembled into 1111 contigs, which were grouped into 774 genes (isogroups). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, we identified seven genes encoding the following four enzymes associated with diterpene synthesis: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase (HMGS), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases. The expression levels of two enzymes, HMGS and HMGR, involved in the mevalonate pathway were examined, assuming that the site of the defensive terpenoid synthesis strongly activates the mevalonate pathway, which produces a precursor of terpenoids. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR confirmed significantly higher expression of HMGS and HMGR in the heads of soldiers. We then divided the head into three parts and found that the expression levels of HMGS and HMGR were significantly higher in the part containing class 1 secretory cells of the frontal gland. Overall, the results suggested that the mevalonate pathway for diterpene synthesis occurs in class 1 cells around the frontal gland reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hojo
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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Maekawa H, Tanaka M, Hadeishi H. Fatal hemorrhage in cerebral proliferative angiopathy. Interv Neuroradiol 2012; 18:309-13. [PMID: 22958770 DOI: 10.1177/159101991201800310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is a rare vascular abnormality with several angiomorphological features that are distinct from brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The natural history of CPAs indicates a lower risk for hemorrhage compared to brain AVMs. A 62-year-old woman presented with gait instability and dysarthria. MRI and angiography revealed a diffuse vascular network involving the tectum and cerebellar vermis with intermingled brain parenchyma. This lesion had no dominant feeder, high-flow arteriovenous shunt, flow-related aneurysm or highly dilated veins on angiogram. These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CPA. During follow-up, she developed progressive gait instability and eye movement abnormalities, but no remarkable change was detected on the repeated MRI and angiography. Nine years later, she died of mesencephalic hemorrhage originating from the CPA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a patient with CPA who died as a result of the initial hemorrhage. It is important to recognize that a part of CPAs is aggressive and can be more vulnerable to critical hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maekawa
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Kameda Medical center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan.
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14
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Hashimoto S, Noda Y, Maekawa H, Takamura H, Fujito T, Moriya J, Ikeda T. Development of a nuclear magnetic resonance system for in situ analysis of hydrogen storage materials under high pressures and temperatures. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:104101. [PMID: 21034100 DOI: 10.1063/1.3484282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A NMR system for in situ analysis of hydrogen storage materials under high pressure and temperature conditions was developed. The system consists of a gas pressure and flow rate controlling unit, a temperature controller, a high temperature NMR probe tunable for both (1)H and other nuclei, and a sample tube holder. Sample temperature can be controlled up to 623 K by heated N(2) gas flow. Sample tube atmosphere can be substituted by either H(2) or Ar and can be pressurized up to 1 MPa under constant flow rate up to 100 ml/min. During the NMR measurement, the pressure can be adjusted easily by just handle a back pressure valve. On the blank NMR measurement, (1)H background noise was confirmed to be very low. (1)H and (11)B NMR spectrum of LiBH(4) were successfully observed at high temperature for the demonstration of the system. The intensity of the (1)H NMR spectra of H(2) gas was also confirmed to be proportional to the applied pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hashimoto
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-301-2 Aramaki Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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15
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Sen S, Maekawa H, Papatheodorou GN. Short-Range Structure of Invert Glasses along the Pseudo-Binary Join MgSiO3−Mg2SiO4: Results from 29Si and 25Mg MAS NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:15243-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9079603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sen
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - H. Maekawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - G. N. Papatheodorou
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan, and Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes FORTH, P.O. Box 1414, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
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16
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Namihira T, Shinzato N, Akamine H, Maekawa H, Matsui T. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on tropical-grass silage assessed by ensiling process monitoring using chemical and microbial community analyses. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 108:1954-65. [PMID: 19912430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Utilization of silage in livestock farming is expected to increase in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical parts of the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of nitrogen fertilization on the chemical composition of herbage, ensiling process and silage quality, and to contribute to the improvement of tropical-grass silage preparation. METHODS AND RESULTS Guinea grass grown under two different nitrogen-fertilizer application conditions [1.5 kg N a(-1) (high-N) and 0.5 kg N a(-1) (low-N)] was packed in plastic bags, and its ensiling process was investigated by chemical and microbial-community analyses. Relatively well-preserved silage was obtained from high-N herbage, which accumulated a high nitrate concentration. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that Lactobacillus plantarum dominated throughout the ensiling of high-N herbage and in the early phase of that of low-N herbage. In low-N silages prepared from ammonium sulfate- and urea-fertilized herbage, Lact. plantarum was replaced by clostridia after 40 and 15 days of ensiling, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nitrate content of herbage is an important factor that influences silage quality, and careful fertilization management can facilitate stable and successful fermentation of tropical-grass silage without any pretreatment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The positive effect of nitrate on the ensiling process of tropical-grass was proved by microbial-community analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Namihira
- Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, Japan
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17
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Gjersing EL, Sen S, Maekawa H, Aitken BG. Hierarchical dynamics of As2P2S8 quasi-molecular units in a supercooled liquid in the As-P-S system: a 31P NMR spectroscopic study. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:8514-9. [PMID: 19534561 DOI: 10.1021/jp901388j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of As2P2S8 quasi-molecular units caged in an As-S network in the supercooled chalcogenide liquid of composition (As2S3)90(P2S5)10 have been studied near the glass transition region (Tg=468<or=T<or=628 K) using 31P NMR line shape analysis and spin-lattice relaxation techniques. 31P NMR line shape analysis indicates the presence of isotropic rotational reorientation of As2P2S8 quasi-molecular units at frequencies on the order of tens of kilohertz at T<540 K. At higher temperatures, the time scale of intramolecular bond-breaking and rearrangement is coupled to that of shear/structural relaxation of the surrounding network. On the other hand, over the entire temperature range, the 31P NMR spin-lattice relaxation results from fast cage-rattling dynamics of the same molecules at frequencies in the megahertz to gigahertz range. When taken together, these results imply the presence of serial hierarchical dynamics in which the fast rattling of As2P2S8 quasi-molecular units trapped in their cages coexists with slower isotropic rotational reorientation. The shear or alpha-relaxation involves cooperative rearrangement of the surrounding As-S network and, consequently, relaxation of the cages that provides feedback to the fast rattling dynamics over the entire temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Gjersing
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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18
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Okumura T, Hisaoka T, Yamada A, Naito T, Isonuma H, Okumura S, Miura K, Sakurada M, Maekawa H, Ishimatsu S, Takasu N, Suzuki K. The Tokyo subway sarin attack--lessons learned. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 207:471-6. [PMID: 15979676 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2004] [Revised: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The sarin gas attack in the Tokyo subway system is reviewed from a clinical toxicology perspective. Based on the lessons learned from this attack, the following areas should be addressed on a global scale. First, an adequate supply of protective equipment is required, including level B protective equipment with a pressure demand breathing apparatus. In addition, a system should be established that enables a possible cause to be determined based on symptoms, physical findings, general laboratory tests, and a simple qualitative analysis for poisonous substances. If an antidote is needed, the system should enable it to be administered to the victims as quickly as possible. Preparation for a large-scale chemical attack by terrorists requires the prior establishment of a detailed decontamination plan that utilizes not only mass decontamination facilities but also public facilities in the area. A system should be established for summarizing, evaluating, and disseminating information on poisonous substances. Finally, a large-scale scientific investigation of the Tokyo sarin attack should be conducted to examine its long-term and subclinical effects and the effects of exposure to asymptomatic low levels of sarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okumura
- Department of Acute and Disaster Medicine, Emergency Department, Jutendo University Hospital, Bunkyo-city, Tokyo 113-8431, Japan.
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19
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Yoshiasa A, Sakai S, Maekawa H, Sugiyama K, Nakatsuka A, Ito E. Peculiar site preferences of B and Ga in MgAl 2O 4spinel solid solutions. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730808392x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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20
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Tanaka S, Okazaki S, Maekawa H. P36.20 An investigation of the brain activity during information coding by EEG coherence. Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Maekawa H, Toda G. [Edema in liver disease]. Nihon Rinsho 2005; 63:80-4. [PMID: 15675322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with advanced cirrhosis show an abnormal regulation of extracellular fluid volume, resulting in the accumulation of fluid as ascites or edema. As portal hypertension develops, splanchnic arterial vasodilation also does due mainly to the production of nitric oxide (NO). Splanchnic arterial vasodilation decreases effective arterial blood volume, leading to fluid accumulation and renal function abnormalities which are a consequence of the homeostatic activation of vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic factors. And the net effect is retention of sodium and water as well as renal vasoconstriction. The portal hypertension and splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation elevate the pressure of the splanchnic capillary circulation, leading to the accumulation of retained fluid as ascites.
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22
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Jouni ZE, Takada N, Gazard J, Maekawa H, Wells MA, Tsuchida K. Transfer of cholesterol and diacylglycerol from lipophorin to Bombyx mori ovarioles in vitro: role of the lipid transfer particle. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2003; 33:145-153. [PMID: 12535673 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the transfer of diacylglycerol (DAG) and cholesterol from larval Bombyx mori lipophorin to ovarioles. Transfer studies were carried out by incubating pupal ovarioles (5-day) with [(3)H]-cholesterol and [(3)H]-DAG-labeled lipophorin under different conditions. Transfer of both cholesterol and DAG exhibited hyperbolic dependency on lipophorin concentration with apparent Km values of 0.83 +/- 0.17 mg/ml and 0.74 +/- 0.16 mg/ml, respectively. Pretreatment of ovarioles with anti-lipid transfer particle (LTP) IgG significantly inhibited transfer of labeled DAG to ovarioles (75%) and not cholesterol. Injection of B. mori pupae (day 4) with anti-LTP IgG significantly affected the weight (65%), number of eggs (49%), amount of lipid (74%), and protein (65%) of the adult ovaries. Matured eggs had a very faint yellow color and deformed shape compared to controls. The inhibitory effect demonstrates the active role LTP plays in growth of ovaries, development, and oogenesis. The effect on vitellogenin shortage on egg development and maturation was determined by implanting ovaries in male recipients that lack vitellogenin. An 80% decline in egg production was observed. However, the mature eggs were normal in shape, color, and lipid content. Thus, restricting lipid or protein delivery to developing ovaries would dramatically affect choriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z E Jouni
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Biological Sciences West, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210066, Tucson, AZ 85721-0088, USA.
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23
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Ikeda H, Satoh H, Yanase M, Inoue Y, Tomiya T, Arai M, Tejima K, Nagashima K, Maekawa H, Yahagi N, Yatomi Y, Sakurada S, Takuwa Y, Ogata I, Kimura S, Fujiwara K. Antiproliferative property of sphingosine 1-phosphate in rat hepatocytes involves activation of Rho via Edg-5. Gastroenterology 2003; 124:459-69. [PMID: 12557151 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2003.50049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a ligand for G protein-coupled endothelial differentiation gene-1 (Edg-1), Edg-3, Edg-5, Edg-6, and Edg-8, elicits a variety of responses by cells. Prominent among these is cell proliferation. S1P is abundantly stored in platelets and released upon their activation, suggesting that S1P plays a pathophysiologic role in vivo. Because the major part of injected S1P was distributed into the liver in mice, we wondered whether the liver would be one of its targets. The effects of S1P on hepatocytes, the major constituent cells in the liver, were examined. METHODS & RESULTS Northern blot analysis revealed the expression of Edg-1 and Edg-5 messenger RNA (mRNA) in cultured rat hepatocytes, in which S1P decreased DNA synthesis induced by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or epidermal growth factor (EGF) without affecting total protein synthesis. This inhibitory effect was attenuated by inactivation of small GTPase Rho with C3 exotoxin but not by inactivation of G(i) with pertussis toxin. Moreover, in the presence of JTE-013, a newly developed and specific binding antagonist for Edg-5, the inhibitory effect was also cancelled. Finally, the administration of S1P after 70% partial hepatectomy in rats reduced the peak of DNA synthesis in hepatocytes with increased Rho activity. Furthermore, Edg-5 but not Edg-1 mRNA expression was enhanced in hepatocytes 24-72 hours after partial hepatectomy, which coincides with decreasing hepatocyte proliferation. CONCLUSIONS S1P has an antiproliferative property in rat hepatocytes by activating Rho via Edg-5. Our results raise the possibility that S1P is a negative regulator in liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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24
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Tateishi A, Mitsui H, Oki T, Morishita J, Maekawa H, Yahagi N, Maruyama T, Ichinose M, Ohnishi S, Shiratori Y, Minami M, Koutetsu S, Hori N, Watanabe T, Nagawa H, Omata M. Extensive mesenteric vein and portal vein thrombosis successfully treated by thrombolysis and anticoagulation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:1429-33. [PMID: 11851847 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenteric vein thrombosis is generally difficult to diagnose and can be fatal. A case of extensive thrombosis of the mesenteric and portal veins was diagnosed early and successfully treated in a 26-year-old man with Down syndrome who was admitted to hospital because of abdominal pain, severe nausea and high fever. Ultrasonography revealed moderate ascites, and there was minimal flow in the portal vein (PV) on the Doppler examination. Computed tomography (CT) showed remarkable thickening of the walls of the small intestine and extensive thrombosis of the mesenteric, portal and splenic veins. Because neither intestinal infarction nor peritonitis was seen, combined thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy without surgical treatment was chosen. Urokinase was administered intravenously and later through a catheter in the superior mesenteric artery. Heparin and antibiotics were given concomitantly. The patient's symptoms and clinical data improved gradually. After 10 days, CT revealed that collateral veins had developed and the thrombi in the distal portions of the mesenteric veins had dissolved, although the main trunk of the PV had not recanalized. The only risk factor of thrombosis that was detected was decreased protein S activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tateishi
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Radiology and Surgical Oncology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ohno T, Sakai M, Ishino Y, Shibata T, Maekawa H, Nishiguchi I. Mg-promoted regio- and stereoselective C-acylation of aromatic alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. Org Lett 2001; 3:3439-42. [PMID: 11678677 DOI: 10.1021/ol016376e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Treatment of aromatic alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with Mg turnings in the presence of acid anhydrides/TMSCl or acyl chlorides in DMF brought about a facile and efficient cross-coupling to give C-acylation products, which are useful 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds, in good to excellent yields in a regio- and stereoselective manner. The reaction may be initiated by electron transfer from magnesium to the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohno
- Department of Chemistry, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1, Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
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26
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Maekawa H, Tanaka N, Hashimoto N, Yamada H, Mitsui H, Ikeda H, Maruyama T, Mori M, Nagawa H, Kimura S. Esophageal smooth muscle tumor in a 25-year-old woman with congenital malformations. J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:700-3. [PMID: 11686481 DOI: 10.1007/s005350170034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We recently treated a 25-year-old woman with an esophageal smooth muscle tumor with congenital malformations. Although the large size of the tumor and the presence of hemonecrotic lesion suggested the tumor to be leiomyosarcoma, histological studies revealed it to be leiomyoma. According to previous reports in the English-language literature, the coincidence of esophageal smooth muscle tumor with congenital malformations is relatively rare, and the coincidence of such a tumor with malformations of the type seen in this patient has never been reported. The congenital malformations in our patient were ocular hypertelorism, platyrrhiny, bilateral divergent strabismus, clubbed fingers and toes, fingerprint abnormality, and mild mental retardation. These congenital malformations cannot be explained by any reported syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maekawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, School of Medicine, Japan
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27
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Hirayama M, Maruyama T, Mitsui H, Maekawa H, Yamada H, Hashimoto N, Koike K, Kimura S, Yasuda K, Iino S, Green J. IgG1 anti-P2 as a marker of response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 126:92-100. [PMID: 11678904 PMCID: PMC1906173 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the relations of antibody production to long-term outcomes after interferon (IFN) treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CH-C), we used ELISA to measure the levels of antibodies against HCV core protein and peptides. Samples from 21 complete responders and 36 non-responders were collected before IFN therapy, soon after the end of IFN therapy and 6 months later. Using a set of 19 synthesized HCV core peptide antigens, we found that anti-P2 (11-25a.a.) was the most prevalent of all IgG antibodies (93%: 39/42). Among complete responders, IgG1 anti-P2 levels had fallen by the end of IFN therapy (from 79.8 +/- 60.4-46.1 +/- 44.2: P < 0.01), and were lower still 6 months after the end of IFN therapy (31.0 +/- 35.2: P < 0.001); this change was the greatest of all antibodies studied. Among the non-responders, there was no change within the follow-up period. Soon after the end of IFN therapy, IgG1 anti-P2 levels were more than 30% lower than the initial value in more than two-thirds of the complete responders, but in only one-third of the non-responders (14/20 vs. 8/25: P < 0.05). Six months after the end of IFN therapy, IgG1 anti-P2 levels were more than 30% lower than the initial value in more than 85% of the complete responders, but in only 12% of the non-responders (17/20 vs. 3/25: P < 0.001). In conclusion, the changes in levels of IgG1 anti-P2 paralleled the activity of chronic hepatitis C after IFN therapy, and IgG1 anti-P2 levels may be markers of the efficacy of IFN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hirayama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to evaluate roles of nitric oxide in the central nervous system in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema. Nitric oxide donor compounds have been reported to be effective for controlling some kinds of pulmonary edema. DESIGN Randomized trial. SETTING Experimental university pharmacology laboratory. SUBJECTS Wistar rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. INTERVENTIONS Neurogenic pulmonary edema was induced by injections of fibrinogen and thrombin into the cisterna magna. Physiologic roles of nitric oxide were evaluated by using NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or l-arginine (a nitric oxide donor compound). Vagus nerves were either left intact or bilaterally severed 20 mins before the injections of fibrinogen and thrombin. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Because enhanced sympathetic nerve activity mediates neurogenic pulmonary edema, the concentration of neuropeptide Y, a neurotransmitter, in edema fluid was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To evaluate the severity of pulmonary edema and pulmonary vascular permeability, lung water content and protein concentration in edema fluid were analyzed. In rats with intact vagus nerves, injection of NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester into the cisterna magna worsened the pulmonary edema, whereas l-arginine had no effect. In contrast, in vagotomized rats, l-arginine abrogated pulmonary edema, whereas NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester exerted no influence. Likewise, the ratio of edema fluid protein to serum protein and the neuropeptide Y concentration were increased by NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester in rats with the vagus nerves intact and were diminished by l-arginine in vagotomized rats. CONCLUSIONS Neurogenic pulmonary edema is characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular permeability and may be inhibited by nitric oxide production in the medulla oblongata.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hamdy
- Department of Pharmacology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
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Okubo H, Maekawa H, Ogawa K, Wada R, Sekigawa I, Iida N, Maekawa T, Hashimoto H, Sato N. Pseudolymphoma of the liver associated with Sjögren's syndrome. Scand J Rheumatol 2001; 30:117-9. [PMID: 11324789 DOI: 10.1080/03009740151095466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is known to be associated with pseudolymphoma in several organs. We describe a patient with SS complicated by a hepatic pseudolymphoma. Although the development of a hepatic pseudolymphoma is extremely rare, this disorder should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of space occupying lesions related to autoimmune diseases such as SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Okubo
- Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Izu-Nagaoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Tagata-gun, Japan
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Mitsui H, Takuwa N, Maruyama T, Maekawa H, Hirayama M, Sawatari T, Hashimoto N, Takuwa Y, Kimura S. The MEK1-ERK map kinase pathway and the PI 3-kinase-Akt pathway independently mediate anti-apoptotic signals in HepG2 liver cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2001. [PMID: 11279606 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200102)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1143>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancers, which are generally hypervascular in nature, depend highly on blood supply. So far there are few reports on apoptosis of liver cancer cells upon deprivation of serum-derived survival factors. The aim of our study is to clarify molecular mechanisms by which liver cancer cells survive with the aid of serum. In HepG2 liver cancer cells, serum deprivation induced time-dependent increase in the number of apoptotic cells, which was detected by fragmentation of genomic DNA and fluorescent nuclear staining. The activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) did not decrease considerably after serum deprivation, although it increased after serum stimulation. However, we found that the MEK1 inhibitor PD98059, but not the p38 kinase inhibitor SB203580, potently induced apoptosis of the liver cancer cells in the presence of serum, indicating that the MEK-ERK signaling pathway is required for serum-dependent survival of HepG2 cells. In agreement with this notion, transient expression of active MEK1 prevented apoptosis in serum-deprived condition. We also found that the protective effect of serum against apoptosis was totally abrogated by LY294002 or wortmannin, which are the inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. The activity of Akt, the target of PI 3-kinase, decreased gradually after deprivation of serum, whereas it was rapidly reactivated upon serum stimulation. These data indicate that survival of HepG2 liver cancer cells depends upon serum and that both the MEK1-ERK- and the PI 3-kinase-Akt- pathways are required for survival signaling to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitsui
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Mitsui H, Takuwa N, Maruyama T, Maekawa H, Hirayama M, Sawatari T, Hashimoto N, Takuwa Y, Kimura S. The MEK1-ERK MAP kinase pathway and the PI 3-kinase-Akt pathway independently mediate anti-apoptotic signals in HepG2 liver cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(200102)9999:9999<::aid-ijc1143>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
The rate of thrombin inhibition by heparin cofactor II (HCII) is facilitated by heparin or dermatan sulfate in vitro. The distributions of these glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in vivo are not the same; heparin-like substance is rich on the surface of endothelial cells and dermatan sulfate is relatively dominant in the extravascular region. When inflammation takes place, at least two other possible existent forms of HCII, the complexed form with thrombin and the cleaved form by leukocyte elastase, are assumed to be present at relatively high concentrations in a local circumstance. We examined the interactions of HCII with the two forms of HCII on thrombin inhibition in the presence of the GAGs. By HCII in complex with thrombin or cleaved by leukocyte elastase, the affinity of HCII moiety for heparin increases and that for dermatan sulfate decreases. The two forms possibly occur at relatively high concentrations in a local pathological situation, although the heparin cofactor activity for thrombin inhibition by HCII decreases and dermatan sulfate determines the cofactor activity. These results indicate efficient thrombin inhibitory activity of HCII in the extravascular region.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maekawa
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yanase M, Ikeda H, Matsui A, Maekawa H, Noiri E, Tomiya T, Arai M, Yano T, Shibata M, Ikebe M, Fujiwara K, Rojkind M, Ogata I. Lysophosphatidic acid enhances collagen gel contraction by hepatic stellate cells: association with rho-kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 277:72-8. [PMID: 11027642 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on collagen gel contraction by cultured rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in association with the function of Rho-kinase, one of the target molecules of small GTPase Rho. Binding studies showed a single class-binding site of LPA on HSCs. LPA enhanced the contraction of a collagen lattice seeded with HSCs. LPA increased the number of HSCs with polygonal morphology that contained actin stress fibers, and enhanced the phosphorylation of myosin light chain and the assembly of focal adhesion kinase and RhoA around fibronectin-coated beads seeded on HSCs. The electric cell-substrate impedance sensor system showed that LPA enhanced adhesion of HSC to extracellular substrate. All the effects of LPA were suppressed by Y-27632, Rho-kinase inhibitor. These data support the notion that LPA is involved in modulating HSC morphology, its attachment to surrounding extracellular matrix and its contraction by a mechanism involving Rho-kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yanase
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Maruyama T, Mitsui H, Maekawa H, Yamada H, Hirayama M, Iino S, Yasuda K, Koike K, Kimura S, Milich DR. Emergence of the precore mutant late in chronic hepatitis B infection correlates with the severity of liver injury and mutations in the core region. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95:2894-904. [PMID: 11051365 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The reason that precore negative mutants (e-minus DNA) gradually become predominant in some patients during chronic hepatitis B virus infection is not clear. Theoretically, as long as both e-plus and e-minus DNA share the same epitopes in the core region, HBcAg-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) cannot distinguish between the target peptides expressed by e-plus and e-minus DNA. Therefore, e-minus DNA may be accompanied by additional mutations in the core region, which may affect cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition. To examine this possibility, the sequences of the precore and the entire core region of the hepatitis B virus genome were analyzed from paired serum samples in CH-B patients who experienced HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion (SC). METHODS Patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients (n = 17) genome-converted to e-minus DNA in the precore region, which abolished HBeAg secretion within 3-4 yr after SC. Group B patients (n = 16) retained precore wild-type DNA for more than 3-4 yr after SC. To investigate the impact of the emergence of precore mutant type DNA on liver injury, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were also examined. RESULTS ALT flares were more severe among patients in group A than in group B. The average mean ALT level during the HBeAg negative phase of chronic infection was 54 +/- 38 in group A and 28 +/- 24 in group B. The average maximal ALT level during the HBeAg negative phase was 235 +/- 249 in group A and 83 +/- 106 in group B. Furthermore, all 17 patients in group A developed new core mutants during genome conversion. The average number of mutations in the core gene was 0.9 +/- 1.2 before genome conversion (e-plus DNA dominant phase) and increased to 2.8 +/- 1.3 for the 3-4 yr during genome conversion (e-minus DNA dominant phase). In contrast, only 56% (nine of 16) of patients in group B developed new core mutations after the loss of HBeAg. The average number of mutations in the core gene was 1.8 +/- 1.3 before SC (HBeAg-positive and e-plus DNA dominant phase), and decreased to 1.1 +/- 1.1 for 3-4 yr after seroconversion (anti-HBe-positive and e-plus DNA dominant phase). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the emergence of a predominant precore negative genotype late in chronic hepatitis B virus infection is associated with the selection of additional mutations in the core gene, as well as with liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maruyama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Maekawa H, Iwabuchi K, Nagaoka I, Watanabe H, Kamano T, Tsurumaru M. Activated peritoneal macrophages inhibit the proliferation of rat ascites hepatoma AH-130 cells via the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide. Inflamm Res 2000; 49:541-7. [PMID: 11089907 DOI: 10.1007/s000110050629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of peritoneal macrophages on tumor cell proliferation, we cultured ascites hepatoma AH-130 cells with unstimulated, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or interleukin (IL)-2-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages, and examined the proliferation of AH-130 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat peritoneal macrophages isolated from male Wistar rats were co-cultured with AH-130 cells in the absence or presence of LPS or IL-2. After incubation, proliferation of AH-130 cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. In addition, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and nitric oxide (NOx, nitrate + nitrite) in the culture supernatants were measured. Furthermore, anti-TNF-alpha antibody (10 microg/ml) and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 100 microM) were added to the coculture, and their effect on AH-130 cell proliferation was examined. RESULTS When AH-130 cells were co-cultured with unstimulated peritoneal macrophages, proliferation of AH-130 cells was not affected. In contrast, when AH-130 cells were cocultured with peritoneal macrophages in the presence of LPS (0.1-20 microg/ml) or IL-2 (1-200 U/ml), proliferation of AH130 cells was dose-dependently suppressed by LPS or IL-2. Moreover, LPS- or IL-2-stimulation increased the levels of TNF-alpha and NOx in the supernatants of AH-130 cell and macrophage co-culture, although LPS and IL-2 did not induce TNF-alpha and NOx production by AH-130 cells incubated without macrophages. Interestingly, anti-TNF-alpha antibody and L-NMMA significantly inhibited the suppression of AH-130 cell proliferation by LPS- or IL-2-stimulated macrophages (p < 0.05). Furthermore, exogenously added recombinant rat TNF-alpha (0.26-1300 ng/ml) or NO donor (GSNO, S-nitroso-L-glutathione) (0.1 - 10 mM) dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation of AH-130 cells in the absence of macrophages. CONCLUSION Together these observations suggest that when peritoneal macrophages are activated by LPS and IL-2, they suppress the proliferation of ascites hepatoma AH-130 cells via the production of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maekawa
- First Department of Surgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ikeda H, Yatomi Y, Yanase M, Satoh H, Maekawa H, Ogata I, Ozaki Y, Takuwa Y, Mochida S, Fujiwara K. Biological activities of novel lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate in rat hepatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2000; 279:G304-10. [PMID: 10915638 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.279.2.g304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S-1-P), a lipid mediator shown to be a ligand for aortic G protein-coupled receptor [corrected] (AGRs), endothelial differentiation gene (EDG)1, EDG3, and AGR16/EDG5, is stored in platelets and released on their activation. Platelet consumption occurs in acute liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an important role in wound healing. Effects of S-1-P on HSCs were investigated. S-1-P enhanced proliferation of culture-activated HSCs. The mitogenic effect was pertussis toxin sensitive, mitogen-activated protein kinase dependent, and more prominent at lower cell density. S-1-P increased contraction of collagen lattices containing HSCs, irrespective of activation state, in a C3 exotoxin-sensitive manner. mRNAs of EDG1 and AGR16, but not of EDG3, were detected in HSCs. In HSC activation, EDG1 mRNA levels were downregulated, whereas AGR16 mRNA levels were unchanged. Considering that HSCs are capable of production of extracellular matrices and modulation of blood flow in sinusoids, our results suggest that S-1-P may play a role in wound healing process in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ikeda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
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37
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Nishiguchi I, Itoh K, Maekawa H. Electrochemical hydrocoupling of acetylene derivatives by anodic oxidation of NaBH4. Electrochim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(00)00377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hamdy O, Nishiwaki K, Yajima M, Murakami HO, Maekawa H, Moy RT, Shimada Y, Hotta Y, Ishikawa N. Presence and quantification of neuropeptide Y in pulmonary edema fluids in rats. Exp Lung Res 2000; 26:137-47. [PMID: 10813087 DOI: 10.1080/019021400269835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to determine the contribution of neuropeptide Y to edema occurrence in neurogenic and hydrostatic pulmonary edema. To induce neurogenic pulmonary edema, fibrinogen and thrombin were injected into the cisterna magna; and to evoke hydrostatic pulmonary edema, saline was infused intravenously. Concentrations of neuropeptide Y in serum and edema fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which showed a mean value of 158 nM (95% confidence limit 124-202 nM) in the neurogenic edema fluid, significantly higher than that in the hydrostatic one. Using immunohistochemistry, fluorescent signals reactive to neuropeptide Y were found in the alveolar macrophages and edema fluid in case of fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, but were almost absent in hydrostatic edema and absent in normal lungs. Mean ratio of protein concentrations in edema fluid to that in serum was 74.9 +/- 0.9% in fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, being higher than that in hydrostatic one. From these results, we conclude that neuropeptide Y has a relationship to the high protein concentration ratio, i.e., to increased pulmonary vascular permeability, and consequently may contribute to the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hamdy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan
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Narayanaswami V, Yamauchi Y, Weers PM, Maekawa H, Sato R, Tsuchida K, Oikawa K, Kay CM, Ryan RO. Spectroscopic characterization of the conformational adaptability of Bombyx mori apolipophorin III. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:728-36. [PMID: 10651809 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) from the silkmoth, Bombyx mori, has been over-expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized. Far-UV CD spectroscopic analysis revealed 65% alpha-helix secondary structure. Near-UV CD spectra obtained in buffer or complexed with dimyristoylglycerophosphocholine (DMPC), provided evidence that apoLp-III alpha-helices reorient upon interaction with lipid, indicative of a protein conformational change. In guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) denaturation studies, a transition midpoint of 0.33 M was observed, corresponding to a DeltaGDH2O = 2.46 kcal. mol-1. Fluorescence studies of the sole tryptophan residue (Trp40) in apoLp-III revealed an emission lambdamax = 327 nm. Compared to free tryptophan, Stern-Volmer constants (KSV) for acrylamide and KI quenching of Trp40 fluorescence were decreased by 20-fold and sevenfold, respectively. In studies of apoLp-III-DMPC disc complexes, far-UV CD spectroscopy revealed an increase in alpha-helix content to approximately 85% and a ninefold increase in the GdnHCl-induced denaturation transition midpoint to 3 M. In studies of lipid interaction, apoLp-III was shown to disrupt both negatively charged and zwitterionic phospholipid bilayer vesicles, transforming them into discoidal complexes. Characterization of apoLp-III-DMPC discs, using 5-doxyl or 12-doxyl stearic acid as lipid-based quenching agents, revealed that Trp40 localizes near the phospholipid polar head groups. KSV values for acrylamide and KI quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of apoLp-III-DMPC discs indicate that Trp40 is embedded in the lipid milieu, with little or no accessibility to the aqueous quenchers. Given the large amount of alpha-helix in apoLp-III, the data presented support a model in which amphipathic alpha-helical segments are stabilized by helix-helix interactions and lipid association induces a protein conformational change which results in substitution of helix-helix interactions for helix-lipid contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Narayanaswami
- Lipid and Lipoprotein Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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40
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Yamauchi Y, Hoeffer C, Yamamoto A, Takeda H, Ishihara R, Maekawa H, Sato R, Su-Il S, Sumida M, Wells MA, Tsuchida K. cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences of apolipophorin-IIIs from Bombyx mori and Bombyx mandarina. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2000; 43:16-21. [PMID: 10613959 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6327(200001)43:1<16::aid-arch3>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The cDNA sequence for apolipophorin-III from two strains of Bombyx mori (N4 and P50) and the Japanese and Chinese strains of Bombyx mandarina were determined. Both the cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences of the four apolipophorin-IIIs were highly similar (95-98%). The four Bombyx sequences also showed significant similarity to the sequence of apolipophorin-III from another lepidopteran, Manduca sexta (83-84%), particularly in the five amphipathic alpha-helices that are proposed to play a critical role in the binding of apolipophorin-III to lipophorin. In the coding region, the nucleotide sequences for the Chinese strain of B. mandarina and the P50 strain of B. mori were identical, supporting the suggestion that P50 is the current strain most closely related to the original domesticated strain. The N4 strain of B. mori is more closely related to these two strains than is the Japanese strain of B. mandarina, suggesting that Japanese strain of B. mandarina separated from the Chinese strain of B. mandarina before domestication of B. mori. Arch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Bio-Application and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
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Hiraki K, Ishimaru T, Hayashi H, Maekawa H, Murakami M. Hepatocellular carcinoma and pregnancy: Case report and review of the literature. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(00)83373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ishikawa N, Hamdy O, Maekawa H, Murakami HO, Nishiwaki K, Shimada Y. [Participation of neuropeptide Y Y3-receptor subtype in the increase in lung vascular permeability--for therapy of respiratory failure]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1999; 114 Suppl 1:168P-172P. [PMID: 10629875 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.114.supplement_168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to find some treatments for respiratory failure caused by pulmonary edema, we investigated the mechanism of neurogenic pulmonary edema. Previously, stimulation of sympathetic nerves caused an increase in pulmonary vascular permeability, possibly due to neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y injected into the trachea increased lung vascular permeability dose-dependently, the ED50 of which was 0.3-1 nM. Such an effect remained even after treatment with reserpine, as well as in the presence of alpha- and beta-blockers. And norepinephrine enhanced the effect of neuropeptide Y on lung vascular permeability. These responses were almost similar to those obtained by stimulation of sympathetic nerves. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y, in fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, was localized in alveolar macrophages and alveolar spaces, amounting to approximately 200 nM in edema fluid. The value was significantly greater than that obtained in hydrostatic pulmonary edema by 10-30 times. Peptide YY, an analogue of neuropeptide Y, had no action on lung vascular permeability, whereas the effect of neuropeptide Y was inhibited by pretreatment with neuropeptide Y- 13-36, an antagonist for Y3-recetor subtype. These results suggested that neuropeptide Y enhances the lung vascular permeability via Y3-recetor subtype. Neuropeptide Y- 13-36, in fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, decreased a ratio of protein concentration in edema fluid to that in serum, indicating that neuropeptide Y actually acts a role in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema, via an increase in lung vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ishikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
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Matsuda M, Sugo T, Yoshida N, Terukina S, Yamazumi K, Niwa K, Maekawa H. Structure and function of fibrinogen: insights from dysfibrinogens. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82:283-90. [PMID: 10605715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The structure-function relationships of dysfibrinogens and their clinical implications are discussed on the basis of the data provided from representative molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsuda
- Institute of Hematology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi-Ken, Japan.
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Nakajima Y, Hashido K, Tsuchida K, Takada N, Shiino T, Maekawa H. A novel tripartite structure comprising a mariner-like element and two additional retrotransposons found in the Bombyx mori genome. J Mol Evol 1999; 48:577-85. [PMID: 10198123 DOI: 10.1007/pl00006500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A clone of a DNA-mediated mobile element (transposon) corresponding to a mariner-like element (MLE) was obtained by carrying out the polymerase chain reaction with genomic DNA of Bombyx mori using a Hyalophora cecropia MLE sequence as a primer. This clone had a size of about 4.2 kb and, after sequencing, was found to contain an RNA-mediated, shorter retrotransposon named L1Bm, which was in turn integrated with a much longer retrotransposon named BMC1. Thus, the mobile elements made a novel tripartite structure. The BMC1 and L1Bm moieties of the composite structure each contained a 63-bp conserved sequence which was subsequently found to be highly conserved in all BMC1 and L1Bm elements registered so far. We propose that the 63-bp stretch may be a recognition site for a retrotransposition mechanism conducted by a reverse transcriptase and an endonuclease complex. On the basis of this inference, we propose a model that predicts how different types of BMC1 and L1Bm elements are dispersed in the genome. In addition, a phylogenetic tree made from the current and extant BMC1 and L1Bm sequences indicated that these elements can be classified into Subfamilies I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakajima
- Gene Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Chihara 1, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
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Maekawa T, Yabuki K, Sato K, Tamasaki Y, Maekawa H, Ogawa K, Hirano A, Eguchi M, Matsumoto M. A case of fibrous histiocytoma of the liver. Nihon Geka Hokan 1999; 68:14-23. [PMID: 11048565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a rare disease. We describe a 68-year-old man admitted to the hospital because of malaise. On admission, hematologic and serum chemical examinations showed no abnormalities. A tumor measuring 6.0 x 6.0 x 5.5 cm was found in segment S6 of the right lobe of the liver. A computed tomographic scan of the abdomen revealed a mass surrounded by a capsule-like region with a nonuniform shadow at its margin. The mass contained a nonuniform low density area. A magnetic resonance imaging scan showed low intensity on T1-weighted images and high intensity on T2-weighted images. An angiogram of the abdomen revealed a tumor with a darkly stained margin during the venous phase. Partial resection of the liver, including S6 and part of S7, was performed. On histopathological examination, this case was characterized by a storiform pattern. The inside of the tumor showed a storiform-pleomorphic pattern with inflammatory cell infiltration and partial mucinous degeneration. On immunohistochemical studies, the tumor cells stained positively for CD6. The diagnosis was MFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maekawa
- Department of Surgery, Juntendo University, Izunagaoka Hospital, Japan
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46
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Satoh H, Tsukamoto K, Hashimoto Y, Hashimoto N, Togo M, Hara M, Maekawa H, Isoo N, Kimura S, Watanabe T. Thiazolidinediones suppress endothelin-1 secretion from bovine vascular endothelial cells: a new possible role of PPARgamma on vascular endothelial function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 254:757-63. [PMID: 9920814 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of troglitazone on immunoreactive endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion from cultured bovine vascular endothelial cells (bVECs). Insulin (10(-9)-10(-7) M) stimulated ET-1 secretion in a dose-dependent fashion without any kinetic change. Troglitazone (1-20 microM) dose-dependently inhibited both spontaneous and insulin-stimulated ET-1 secretion. This inhibitory effect of troglitazone was associated with reduced ET-1 mRNA levels. Addition of indomethacin (100 microM) or Nw-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (1 mM) and downregulation of protein kinase C by prolonged pretreatment of the cells with a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, did not affect the inhibitory effect of troglitazone at concentrations up to 10 microM. Troglitazone did not change the intracellular Ca2+ concentration stimulated by angiotensin II (10 microM). Other PPARgamma ligands, pioglitazone (1-10 microM) and 15-deoxy-delta 12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (1-10 microM), but not a PPARalpha ligand, bezafibrate (1-10 microM), dose-dependently suppressed spontaneous ET-1 secretion from bVECs. These results, taken together, suggest that troglitazone inhibits ET-1 mRNA expression and secretion in bVECs possibly through activation of PPARgamma. This inhibition may contribute to the hypotensive effect of troglitazone in insulin-resistant subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Satoh
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, USA
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Tsuchida K, Arai M, Tanaka Y, Ishihara R, Ryan RO, Maekawa H. Lipid transfer particle catalyzes transfer of carotenoids between lipophorins of Bombyx mori. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 1998; 28:927-934. [PMID: 9887509 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(98)00036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The yellow color of Bombyx mori hemolymph is due to the presence of carotenoids, which are primarily associated with lipophorin particles. Carotenoids were extracted from high density lipophorin (HDLp) of B. mori and analyzed by HPLC. HDLp contained 33 micrograms of carotenoids per mg protein. Over 90% of carotenoids were lutein while alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were minor components. When larval hemolymph was subjected to density gradient ultracentrifugation, a second minor yellow band was present, which was identified as B. mori lipid transfer particle (LTP). During other life stages examined however, this second band was not visible. To determine if coloration of LTP may fluctuate during development, we determined its concentration in hemolymph and compared it to that of lipophorin. Both proteins were present during all life stages and their concentrations gradually increased. The ratio of lipophorin: LTP was 10-15:1 during the fourth and fifth instar larval stages, and 20-30:1 during the pupal and adult stages. Thus, there was no correlation between the yellow color attributed to LTP and its hemolymph concentration. It is possible that yellow coloration of the LTP fraction corresponds to developmental stages when the particle is active in carotene transport. To determine if LTP is capable of facilitating carotene transfer, we took advantage of a white hemolymph B. mori strain which, when fed artificial diet containing a low carotene content, gives rise to a lipophorin that is nearly colorless. A spectrophotometric, carotene specific, transfer assay was developed which employed wild type, carotene-rich HDLp as donor particle and colorless low density lipophorin, derived from the white hemolymph strain animals, as acceptor particle. In incubations lacking LTP carotenes remained associated with HDLp while inclusion of LTP induced a redistribution of carotenes between the donor and acceptor in a time and concentration dependent manner. Time course studies suggested the rate of LTP-mediated carotene transfer was relatively slow, requiring up to 4 h to reach equilibrium. By contrast, studies employing 3H-diacylglycerol labeled HDLp as donor particle in lipid transfer assays revealed a rapid equilibration of label between the particles. Thus, it is plausible that the slower rate of LTP-mediated carotene transfer is due to its probable sequestration in the core of HDLp.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsuchida
- Division of Radiological Protection and Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
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Hirayama E, Maekawa H, Hiraki A, Kim J. Biological activities of a novel lectin derived from silkworm faeces: characteristic changes of mouse peritoneal macrophages by the lectin. Cell Struct Funct 1998; 23:303-13. [PMID: 9872571 DOI: 10.1247/csf.23.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel lectin derived from silkworm faeces, named NUE, activates phagocytosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages. At this time, significant morphological changes of the cells take place. NUE-treated macrophages formed projection-like neurocytes within 12 hr of treatment, and appeared somewhat flat in shape with the activation of cell growth. Associated with the morphological changes, actin was organized in dot-like structures corresponding to cell-substratum contact sites in NUE-treated macrophages. Vinculin, a cytoskeletal protein involved in microfilament-membrane interaction, formed doughnut-like rings matching the actin-dots, called "podosomes". Furthermore, observation by interference reflection microscopy showed that NUE-treated macrophages adhered more strongly to the substratum at local areas. According to these changes, more proteins associated with cell-substratum contact sites became to detergent-resistant. It was shown that NUE changed adhesive form of mouse peritoneal macrophages structurally and qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hirayama
- Institutes of Molecular and Cellular Biology for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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Ikeda H, Nagoshi S, Ohno A, Yanase M, Maekawa H, Fujiwara K. Activated rat stellate cells express c-met and respond to hepatocyte growth factor to enhance transforming growth factor beta1 expression and DNA synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 250:769-75. [PMID: 9784421 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) decreases transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) levels in the liver and attenuates hepatic fibrosis caused by dimethylnitrosamine in rats. In the liver, HGF is presumed to act predominantly on parenchymal cells, and TGFbeta1 is produced mainly by mesenchymal cells. In hepatic fibrosis, stellate cells play a central role with undergoing activation, which also occurs when the cells are cultured on plastic. Thus, we wondered if HGF could act directly on stellate cells. c-Met was detected in rat stellate cells activated by culture for 10 days, but not in the cells cultured for 3 days. Specific binding of HGF to the activated cells was determined, and Scatchard analysis indicated an apparent Kd of 1.5 nM. c-Met mRNA was detected in freshly isolated stellate cells from rats treated with carbon tetrachloride for 8 weeks, but not in those cells from normal rats. These results indicate that stellate cells express c-met when activated in vitro and in vivo. HGF enhanced TGFbeta1 production and DNA synthesis in the activated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ikeda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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50
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Sugai K, Maekawa H, Kobayashi M, Takano T, Komoriya S. The effect of turbulent fluctuation of air on thermal sensation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 858:98-104. [PMID: 9917811 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The palm of right hand was alternately exposed to turbulent and laminar flows of air with the same velocity, to investigate the effect of turbulent velocity fluctuation on thermal sensation. It could be quantitatively shown for the first time, by measuring subjective sensations, that the turbulent velocity fluctuation had the effect of causing the air temperature to be felt lower than that of the laminar flow. The results of heat transfer experiments using an aluminum disk as a model of the palm suggested that the difference in thermal sensation for the two air flows was generally ascribable to the difference in heat transfer coefficient from the skin of the palm caused by the turbulent velocity fluctuation. The hypothesis that the temperatures of the turbulent and laminar flows of air with the same velocity would be felt the same when heat losses from the skin to the two air flows were equal, was supported by the results of these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sugai
- Department of Human Life and Environmental Science, Niigata Women's College, Japan
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