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Han HJ, Woo J, Wi WY, Cho KD, Koo M, Hong SJ, Jung YM, Kim HY, Ahn KH, Hong SC, Kim HJ, Oh MJ, Cho GJ. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infant obesity: A nationwide retrospective cohort study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:795-799. [PMID: 38520760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle changes, such as those related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including alterations in physical activity and dietary habits, are known to affect pregnancy outcomes. In particular, suboptimal intrauterine conditions during pregnancy are known to influence not only fetal growth but also growth during infancy. However, research on the impact of the environmental changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the growth of infants and children during their early years is lacking. To address this issue, this study evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on obesity in infants. METHODS This retrospective cohort study used the data collected from the Korea National Health Insurance (KNHI) claims database. The data of 1985,678 women who delivered infants between 2015 and 2021 were collected. Women who delivered during the pandemic and those who delivered during the pre-pandemic period were matched in a 1:1 frequency-matched pair procedure for factors such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, offspring sex, and birth weight. Finally, 197,580 women were enrolled. The weight and head circumference of infants (4-6 months of age) of the COVID-19 pandemic group were compared with those of the pre-pandemic group. RESULTS The COVID-19 pandemic group infants exhibited significantly higher weight and prevalence of obesity at 4-6 months of age compared to infants in the pre-pandemic group. After adjustment for covariates, pandemic group infants had a higher risk of obesity (odds ratio: 1.54, 95% confidence interval: 1.51-1.57) compared to the pre-pandemic group infants. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has had a notable impact on the weight of infants aged 4-6 months. This suggests that pandemic conditions may influence the growth of newborns, underscoring the importance of monitoring and assessing trends in the growth of infants born during such crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Young Wi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Dong Cho
- Big Data Department, National Health Insurance Service, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Koo
- Big Data Department, National Health Insurance Service, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jung Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Joong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum Joon Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ouh YT, Oh Y, Joo J, Woo JH, Han HJ, Cho HW, Lee JK, Chun Y, Lim MN, Hong JH. Assessing the New 2020 ESGO/ESTRO/ESP Endometrial Cancer Risk Molecular Categorization System for Predicting Survival and Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:965. [PMID: 38473326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the 2020 European Society of Gynecological Oncology/European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology/European Society of Pathology (ESGO/ESTRO/ESP) guidelines for endometrial cancer (EC). Additionally, a novel risk category incorporating clinicopathological and molecular factors was introduced. The predictive value of this new category for recurrence and survival in Korean patients with EC was assessed, and comparisons were made with the 2013 and 2016 European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) risk classifications. Patients with EC were categorized into the POLE-mutated (POLEmut), mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd), p53-aberrant (P53abn), and nonspecific molecular profile (NSMP) subtypes. Recurrence, survival, and adjuvant therapy were assessed according to each classification. Notably, patients with the POLEmut subtype showed no relapse, while patients with the P53abn subtype exhibited higher recurrence (31.8%) and mortality rates (31.8%). Regarding adjuvant therapy, 33.3% of low-risk patients were overtreated according to the 2020 ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines. Overall and progression-free survival differed significantly across molecular classifications, with the POLEmut subtype showing the best and the P53abn subtype showing the worst outcomes. The 2020 ESGO molecular classification system demonstrated practical utility and significantly influenced survival outcomes. Immunohistochemistry for TP53 and MMR, along with POLE sequencing, facilitated substantial patient reclassification, underscoring the clinical relevance of molecular risk categories in EC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Taek Ouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woong Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yikyeong Chun
- Department of Pathology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Nam Lim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Xie YD, Zheng RZ, Han HJ, Yuan JD, Li J. [Analysis of PROKR2 gene mutation in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:933-936. [PMID: 35922219 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210821-00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), the clinical data of 23 patients with IHH were retrospectively analyzed. Gene analyses were accomplished with whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing. Functional prediction of mutation sites was conducted using two bioinformatics platforms, SIFT and Polyphen. Among the 23 patients with IHH, 9 patients carried prokinin 2 (PROKR2) gene mutations including 4 missense mutations (p.W178S, p.Y113H, p.A103V, p.R164Q), and 1 frameshift mutation (p.D42delinsDED), the remaining 14 cases were found negative in gene sequencing. Functional prediction showed that the above mutations may affect protein function suggestive of a pathogenic role of PROKR2 mutation in the patients. There were no significant differences in the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and estradiol between the IHH patients with PROKR2 gene mutation and those without. PROKR2 gene mutation might associated with IHH, and the mutations reported in the present study could enrich the pathogenic spectrum of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Henan University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - R Z Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Henan University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H J Han
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Henan University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J D Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Henan University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jiada Li
- Central South University Medical Genetics Research Center, Changsha 430074, China
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Kim J, Han HJ, Lee W, Park SK, Chung J, Kim YB, Park KY. Safety and Efficacy of Stent-Assisted Coiling of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Using Low-Profile Stents in Small Parent Arteries. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1621-1626. [PMID: 34210666 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms arising from small vessels (≤ 2.0 mm) is a common procedure. However, data regarding its treatment outcomes are scarce. This study evaluated the clinical and radiologic outcomes of stent-assisted coiling using low-profile stents for aneurysms of small parent arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS From November 2015 to October 2020, sixty-four patients with 66 aneurysms arising from parent arteries of ≤2.0 mm were treated with stent-assisted coiling using a Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Junior (LVIS Jr) or the Neuroform Atlas stent in a single institution. The clinical and radiologic data were retrospectively reviewed, and the risk factors for procedure-related complications were evaluated. RESULTS The LVIS Jr and Neuroform Atlas stents were used in 22 (33.3%) and 44 (66.7%) cases, respectively. Technical success was achieved in 66 cases (100%). Immediate postprocedural aneurysm occlusion grades assessed by the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification were I (57.6%), II (19.7%), and III (22.7%), respectively. Procedure-related complications occurred in 10 cases (15.2%), with 8 thromboembolic complications (12.1%) and 2 hemorrhagic complications (3.0%). Procedure-related morbidity was 4.5% without mortality. On multivariate analysis, current smoking (odds ratio = 7.1, P = .021) had a statistically significant effect on procedure-related complications. CONCLUSIONS Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial aneurysms with low-profile stents in small vessels (≤ 2.0 mm) had a 100% success rate and a 15.2% overall complication rate with 4.5% morbidity. Current smoking was a significant risk factor associated with procedure-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.K., H.J.H., J.C., Y.B.K., K.Y.P.)
| | - H J Han
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.K., H.J.H., J.C., Y.B.K., K.Y.P.)
| | - W Lee
- Severance Stroke Center, and Department of Neurosurgery (W.L., S.K.P.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Park
- Severance Stroke Center, and Department of Neurosurgery (W.L., S.K.P.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Chung
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.K., H.J.H., J.C., Y.B.K., K.Y.P.)
| | - Y B Kim
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.K., H.J.H., J.C., Y.B.K., K.Y.P.)
| | - K Y Park
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (J.K., H.J.H., J.C., Y.B.K., K.Y.P.)
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Abstract
Regular exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride accumulation with improved mitochondrial ability, but the mechanism remains unknown. The glycolytic product of exercise, lactate, has long been rec-ognized to suppress lipolysis and promote lipogenesis in adipocytes through inhibition of the cAMP-PKA pathway by activation of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR81). However, whether lactate results in a similar process in skeletal muscle is unclear. Here, by using intramuscular injection of lactate to the gastrocnemius, the lipid metabolism effects were investigated in rat skeletal muscle. Firstly, the lactate-injection effect was verified by comparing changes in blood lactate levels from injection and exercise (30 min, 31 m/min, treadmill running). After five weeks of lactate intervention, intramuscular triglyceride levels in the gastrocnemius and the proportion of epididymis adipose mass to body weight increased. Chronic intramuscular injection of lactate elevated lactate receptor, GPR81, and reduced cAMP response element-binding (CREB) and P-CREB abundance in the gastrocnemius. Additionally, there was a significant decline in lipolytic-related proteins (AMPK, P-AMPK, P-HSL, CPT-1B, TGF-β2, SDHA) and a significant increase in fat synthesis proteins (SREBP-1C, PPAR-γ). Surprisingly, mitochondrial biomarkers (PGC-1α, CS) were also increased in the gastrocnemius, suggesting that chronic lactate might promote mitochondria biogenesis. Together, these results demonstrated that lactate may play a crucial role in triglyceride storage and mitochondria biogenesis in the skeletal muscle of rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhou
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - S Y Chen
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - H J Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
| | - J Q Sun
- Institute of Sports Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China PR
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Han HJ, Kim JW, Jeong JH. Intramedullary pneumorrhachis following a cervical epidural steroid injection. Neurochirurgie 2020; 67:189-192. [PMID: 33049286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pneumorrhachis (PR) is a rare radiological condition characterized by the presence of intraspinal air. PR is commonly classified as spontaneous (nontraumatic), traumatic, or iatrogenic, and iatrogenic PR is the most common and often occurs secondary to invasive procedures such as epidural anesthesia, lumbar puncture, or spinal surgery. PR is usually asymptomatic, but it can produce symptoms associated with its underlying pathology. Here, we report a rare case of intramedullary cervical PR following a cervical epidural steroid injection (ESI) and include pertinent discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Dongdae-ro 87, 38067 Gyeongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Dongdae-ro 87, 38067 Gyeongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Dongdae-ro 87, 38067 Gyeongju, Republic of Korea.
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Han HJ, Oh JH, Sessler JL, Kim SK. Small triiminopyrrolic molecular cage with high affinity and selectivity for fluoride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10876-10879. [PMID: 31433411 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05613k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A small molecular cage (4) with high affinity and complete selectivity for fluoride to the limit of detection over other competing small anions was synthesized. Cage 4 was also found to retain the encapsulated fluoride anion within its cavity even after one or two pyrrolic NH protons were subject to deprotonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Han
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea.
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8
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Oh JH, Kim JH, Kim DS, Han HJ, Lynch VM, Sessler JL, Kim SK. Synthesis and Anion Recognition Features of a Molecular Cage Containing Both Hydrogen Bond Donors and Acceptors. Org Lett 2019; 21:4336-4339. [PMID: 31125242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A molecular cage, macrobicycle 2, containing amide and pyrrole groups as hydrogen-bonding donors and imine groups as hydrogen-bonding acceptors has been synthesized. Compound 2 was found to recognize tetrahedral oxyanions with high affinities, such as H2PO4-, HSO4-, SO42-, and HP2O73-, as well as the spherical halide anions, in chloroform. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that compound 2 formed a 1:1 complex with H2PO4- in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hyun Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Korea
| | - Dong Sub Kim
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300 , Austin , Texas 78712-1224 , United States
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Korea
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300 , Austin , Texas 78712-1224 , United States
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300 , Austin , Texas 78712-1224 , United States
| | - Sung Kuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 660-701 , Korea
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Yang M, Xu SX, Qin HY, Zhang H, Yi H, Han HJ, Dong DT, Zhang YH, Li SL. [Genetic Polymorphisms of 17 Y-STR Loci in Nantong Han Population]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 33:383-387. [PMID: 29219270 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the genetic phenotypes of Nantong Han population and evaluate the application value of 17 Y-STR loci in Nantong population. METHODS The peripheral blood samples were collected from 343 unrelated Nantong Han males and the genomic DNA were extracted by Chelex-100 method. Genotyping was performed using the AmpFℓSTR Yfiler™ Kit. The results were compared with other 12 Han populations, including Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Zhejiang (1), Lanzhou, Nanyang, Luzhou, Mudanjiang, Shanxi and Zhejiang (2), and 9 minority populations (Mongol, Xibe, Tibetan in Lhasa, Tibetan in Qinghai, Kazak, Uighur, Manchu, Paiwan in Taiwan and Tujia). RESULTS A total of 327 different haplotypes were found in 17 Y-STR loci in Nantong Han population. The haplotype diversity (HD) was 0.999 7. The Rst value between Nantong Han and other Chinese populations ranged from -0.000 6 to 0.263 5. The multidimensional scaling results showed that Nantong Han population had no significant differences between most of the Han populations, but had significant differences between most of Chinese minority populations. CONCLUSIONS Seventeen Y-STR loci can be a powerful tool for forensic application because of its high polymorphism in Nantong Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yang
- School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.,Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - S X Xu
- School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - H Y Qin
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - H Zhang
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - H Yi
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - H J Han
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - D T Dong
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Nantong Municipal Public Security Bureau, Nantong 226007, China
| | - S L Li
- School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Jain P, Fierst TM, Han HJ, Smith TE, Vakil A, Storm PB, Resnick AC, Waanders AJ. CRAF gene fusions in pediatric low-grade gliomas define a distinct drug response based on dimerization profiles. Oncogene 2017; 36:6348-6358. [PMID: 28806393 PMCID: PMC5680138 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric low-grade gliomas (PLGGs) are commonly associated with BRAF gene fusions that aberrantly activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. This has led to PLGG clinical trials utilizing RAF- and MAPK pathway-targeted therapeutics. Whole-genome profiling of PLGGs has also identified rare gene fusions involving another RAF isoform, CRAF/RAF1, in PLGGs and cancers occuring in adults. Whereas BRAF fusions primarily dysregulate MAPK signaling, the CRAF fusions QKI-RAF1 and SRGAP3-RAF1 aberrantly activate both the MAPK and phosphoinositide-3 kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) signaling pathways. Although ATP-competitive, first-generation RAF inhibitors (vemurafenib/PLX4720, RAFi) cause paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway in BRAF-fusion tumors, inhibition can be achieved with ‘paradox breaker’ RAFi, such as PLX8394. Here we report that, unlike BRAF fusions, CRAF fusions are unresponsive to both generations of RAFi, vemurafenib and PLX8394, highlighting a distinct responsiveness of CRAF fusions to clinically relevant RAFi. Whereas PLX8394 decreased BRAF-fusion dimerization, CRAF-fusion dimerization is unaffected primarily because of robust protein–protein interactions mediated by the N-terminal non-kinase fusion partner, such as QKI. The pan-RAF dimer inhibitor, LY3009120, could suppress CRAF-fusion oncogenicity by inhibiting dimer-mediated signaling. In addition, as CRAF fusions activate both the MAPK and PI3K/mTOR signaling pathways, we identify combinatorial inhibition of the MAPK/mTOR pathway as a potential therapeutic strategy for CRAF-fusion-driven tumors. Overall, we define a mechanistic distinction between PLGG-associated BRAF- and CRAF/RAF1 fusions in response to RAFi, highlighting the importance of molecularly classifying PLGG patients for targeted therapy. Furthermore, our study uncovers an important contribution of the non-kinase fusion partner to oncogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies against PLGG-associated CRAF fusions and possibly pan-cancer CRAF fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jain
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cell and Molecular Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T M Fierst
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H J Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T E Smith
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Vakil
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - P B Storm
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center of Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine (D3b), The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A C Resnick
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center of Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine (D3b), The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A J Waanders
- Center of Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine (D3b), The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zhai XY, Liu B, Zhang YH, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Guo LM, Sun TT, Han HJ, Wang YF. [Analysis of BPPV in patients with bone mineral density results]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1865-1869;1872. [PMID: 29798014 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.23.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Analyze BPPV in patients with ultrasonic bone mineral density to investigate the relationship between the BPPV and bone density. Method:A total of 88 included subjects were selected from patients admitted to the Otolaryngological Department of Renhe Hospital, Beijing. Meanwhile, 76 healthy persons were included as control. The control group had similar age and gender distributions to the test group, and all healthy subjects had no history of vertigo in recent one year. Both groups underwent regular otolaryngological examinations, videonystagmography(VNG),ultrasound bone densitometer test. According to gender, age, listening to group. Result:①Bone density of the test group was significantly lower than the control group(-2.010±1.658 vs 0.3605±0.875),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);②Incidence rates of bone mass loss(35 in 88,39.77%)and osteoporosis(26 in 88, 29.55%)bone mineral density decreased incidence of 69.32%, in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(bone mass loss, 13 in 76, 17.10%; osteoporosis 6 in 76,7.89%), bone mineral density decreased incidence of 25.00%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);③The test group and control group according to different age groups, the test group all ages bone density T values significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01),the difference was statistically significant. In the age groups, the incidence of bone loss was higher in the test group than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).④In the gender group, bone density of the test group women were significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); especially after the age of 60.⑤In the test group, 27 cases of bone mineral density is normal, with normal hearing 19 cases (70.37%), hearing loss 8 cases(29.63%);61 cases of bone loss, including normal hearing 48 cases (78.69%),hearing loss 13 cases (21.31%). The difference between hearing loss and bone loss had no statistical significance(P>0.05).⑥The logistic regression results showed that the prompt Higher bone mineral density T value was BPPV protection factors, OR=0.686,(P<0.01,95%CI: 1.32-5.85). Conclusion:BPPV in patients with bone mineral density value is lower than the normal control group, there is a higher incidence of bone loss, at the same time, along with the age increasing on the rise, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Zhai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Renhe Hospital,Beijing,102600,China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
| | - B Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
| | - Y H Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Renhe Hospital,Beijing,102600,China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Renhe Hospital,Beijing,102600,China
| | - L M Guo
- Department of Ultrasonic,Beijing Renhe Hospital
| | - T T Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Renhe Hospital,Beijing,102600,China
| | - H J Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics-Institute of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College
| | - Y F Wang
- School of Public Health,Capital Medical University
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12
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Han Y, Han HJ, Kim AH, Choi JY, Cho SJ, Park YB, Jung UJ, Choi MS. Inside cover: Inside front cover: d-Allulose supplementation normalized the body weight and fat-pad mass in diet-induced obese mice via the regulation of lipid metabolism under isocaloric fed condition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201670075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Han Y, Han HJ, Kim AH, Choi JY, Cho SJ, Park YB, Jung UJ, Choi MS. d
-Allulose supplementation normalized the body weight and fat-pad mass in diet-induced obese mice via the regulation of lipid metabolism under isocaloric fed condition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1695-706. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngji Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Ae-Hyang Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choi
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Cho
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Park
- Institute of Genetic Engineering; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Pukyong National University; Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research; Kyungpook National University; Daegu Republic of Korea
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14
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Han HJ, Jung WH, Yun JY, Park JW, Cho KK, Hur JW, Shin NY, Lee TY, Kwon JS. Disruption of effective connectivity from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to the orbitofrontal cortex by negative emotional distraction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med 2016; 46:921-932. [PMID: 26619965 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715002391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with abnormal cognitive and emotional functions and these dysfunctions may be dependent on the disruption of dynamic interactions within neuronal circuits associated with emotion regulation. Although several studies have shown the aberrant cognitive-affective processing in OCD patients, little is known about how to characterize effective connectivity of the disrupted neural interactions. In the present study, we applied effective connectivity analysis using dynamic causal modeling to explore the disturbed neural interactions in OCD patients. METHOD A total of 20 patients and 21 matched healthy controls performed a delayed-response working memory task under emotional or non-emotional distraction while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS During the delay interval under negative emotional distraction, both groups showed similar patterns of activations in the amygdala. However, under negative emotional distraction, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) exhibited significant differences between groups. Bayesian model averaging indicated that the connection from the DLPFC to the OFC was negatively modulated by negative emotional distraction in patients, when compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected). CONCLUSIONS Exaggerated recruitment of the DLPFC may induce the reduction of top-down prefrontal control input over the OFC, leading to abnormal cortico-cortical interaction. This disrupted cortico-cortical interaction under negative emotional distraction may be responsible for dysfunctions of cognitive and emotional processing in OCD patients and may be a component of the pathophysiology associated with OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Han
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,College of Natural Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
| | - W H Jung
- Medical Research Center,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,South Korea
| | - J-Y Yun
- Medical Research Center,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,South Korea
| | - J W Park
- Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University College of Medicine,Seoul,South Korea
| | - K K Cho
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,College of Natural Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
| | - J-W Hur
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,College of Natural Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
| | - N Y Shin
- Medical Research Center,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,South Korea
| | - T Y Lee
- Medical Research Center,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,South Korea
| | - J S Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,College of Natural Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
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15
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Kwon SG, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Choi SR, Choi HS, Moon JY, Kang SY, Kim HW, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Oh SB, Lee JH. Role of peripheral sigma-1 receptors in ischaemic pain: Potential interactions with ASIC and P2X receptors. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:594-606. [PMID: 26358747 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of peripheral sigma-1 receptors (Sig-1Rs) in normal nociception and in pathologically induced pain conditions has not been thoroughly investigated. Since there is mounting evidence that Sig-1Rs modulate ischaemia-induced pathological conditions, we investigated the role of Sig-1Rs in ischaemia-induced mechanical allodynia (MA) and addressed their possible interaction with acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and P2X receptors at the ischaemic site. METHODS We used a rodent model of hindlimb thrombus-induced ischaemic pain (TIIP) to investigate their role. Western blot was performed to observe changes in Sig-1R expression in peripheral nervous tissues. MA was measured after intraplantar (i.pl.) injections of antagonists for the Sig-1, ASIC and P2X receptors in TIIP rats or agonists of each receptor in naïve rats. RESULTS Sig-1R expression significantly increased in skin, sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia at 3 days post-TIIP surgery. I.pl. injections of the Sig-1R antagonist, BD-1047 on post-operative days 0-3 significantly attenuated the development of MA during the induction phase, but had no effect on MA when given during the maintenance phase (days 3-6 post-surgery). BD-1047 synergistically increased amiloride (an ASICs blocker)- and TNP-ATP (a P2X antagonist)-induced analgesic effects in TIIP rats. In naïve rats, i.pl. injection of Sig-1R agonist PRE-084 alone did not produce MA; but it did induce MA when co-administered with either an acidic pH solution or a sub-effective dose of αβmeATP. CONCLUSION Peripheral Sig-1Rs contribute to the induction of ischaemia-induced MA via facilitation of ASICs and P2X receptors. Thus, peripheral Sig-1Rs represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ischaemic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - D H Roh
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yoon
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - S R Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - H S Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - J Y Moon
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H W Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Brain Research, Chungnam National University Medical School, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - A J Beitz
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, USA
| | - S B Oh
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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16
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Lee HJ, Ryu JM, Jung YH, Lee KH, Kim DI, Han HJ. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 upregulation by O-GlcNAcylation of Sp1 protects against hypoxia-induced mouse embryonic stem cell apoptosis via mTOR activation. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2158. [PMID: 27010859 PMCID: PMC4823928 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen signaling is critical for stem cell regulation, and oxidative stress-induced stem cell apoptosis decreases the efficiency of stem cell therapy. Hypoxia activates O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) of stem cells, which contributes to regulation of cellular metabolism, as well as cell fate. Our study investigated the role of O-GlcNAcylation via glucosamine in the protection of hypoxia-induced apoptosis of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Hypoxia increased mESCs apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, hypoxia also slightly increased the O-GlcNAc level. Glucosamine treatment further enhanced the O-GlcNAc level and prevented hypoxia-induced mESC apoptosis, which was suppressed by O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitors. In addition, hypoxia regulated several lipid metabolic enzymes, whereas glucosamine increased expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 (GPAT1), a lipid metabolic enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). In addition, glucosamine-increased O-GlcNAcylation of Sp1, which subsequently leads to Sp1 nuclear translocation and GPAT1 expression. Silencing of GPAT1 by gpat1 siRNA transfection reduced glucosamine-mediated anti-apoptosis in mESCs and reduced mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation. Indeed, LPA prevented mESCs from undergoing hypoxia-induced apoptosis and increased phosphorylation of mTOR and its substrates (S6K1 and 4EBP1). Moreover, mTOR inactivation by rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) increased pro-apoptotic proteins expressions and mESC apoptosis. Furthermore, transplantation of non-targeting siRNA and glucosamine-treated mESCs increased cell survival and inhibited flap necrosis in mouse skin flap model. Conversely, silencing of GPAT1 expression reversed those glucosamine effects. In conclusion, enhancing O-GlcNAcylation of Sp1 by glucosamine stimulates GPAT1 expression, which leads to inhibition of hypoxia-induced mESC apoptosis via mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Y H Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D I Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Han HJ, Jung UJ, Kim HJ, Cho SJ, Kim AH, Han Y, Choi MS. Combined Supplementation with Grape Pomace and Omija Fruit Ethanol Extracts Dose-Dependently Improves Body Composition, Plasma Lipid Profiles, Inflammatory Status, and Antioxidant Capacity in Overweight and Obese Subjects. J Med Food 2016; 19:170-80. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Food R&D, CJ Cheiljedang Corp., Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jung Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ae Hyang Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Youngji Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Kim AH, Kim HJ, Ryu R, Han HJ, Han YJ, Lee MK, Choi MS, Park YB. A Mixture of Ethanol Extracts of Persimmon Leaf and Citrus junos Sieb Improves Blood Coagulation Parameters and Ameliorates Lipid Metabolism Disturbances Caused by Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6J Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 26:295-308. [PMID: 26699754 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1509.09050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a flavonoid-rich ethanol extract of persimmon leaf (PL), an ethanol extract of Citrus junos Sieb (CJS), and a PL-CJS mixture (MPC) on mice fed a highfat diet (HFD). We sought to elucidate the mechanisms of biological activity of these substances using measurements of blood coagulation indices and lipid metabolism parameters. C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD with PL (0.5% (w/w)), CJS (0.1% (w/w)), or MPC (PL 0.5%, CJS 0.1% (w/w)) for 10 weeks. In comparison with data obtained for mice in the untreated HFD group, consumption of MPC remarkably prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT), whereas exposure to PL prolonged aPTT only. Lower levels of plasma total cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol, and erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, hepatic HMG-CoA reductase, and decreased SREBP-1c gene expression were observed in mice that received PL and MPC supplements compared with the respective values detected in the untreated HFD animals. Our results indicate that PL and MPC may have beneficial effects on blood circulation and lipid metabolism in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Hyang Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Food R&D, CJ CheilJedang Corporation, Seoul 16395, Republic of Korea
| | - Ri Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ji Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Suncheon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Center for Food Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Oh SY, Lee SJ, Jung YH, Lee HJ, Han HJ. Arachidonic acid promotes skin wound healing through induction of human MSC migration by MT3-MMP-mediated fibronectin degradation. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1750. [PMID: 25950480 PMCID: PMC4669694 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is largely released during injury, but it has not been fully studied yet how AA modulates wound repair with stem cells. Therefore, we investigated skin wound-healing effect of AA-stimulated human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) in vivo and its molecular mechanism in vitro. We found that transplantation of hUCB-MSCs pre-treated with AA enhanced wound filling, re-epithelization, and angiogenesis in a mouse skin excisional wound model. AA significantly promoted hUCB-MSCs migration after a 24 h incubation, which was inhibited by the knockdown of G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40). AA activated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) and Aktser473 through the GPR40/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, which was responsible for the stimulation of an atypical protein kinase C (PKC) isoform, PKCζ. Subsequently, AA stimulated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and transcription factor Sp1, and induced membrane type 3-matrix metalloproteinase (MT3-MMP)-dependent fibronectin degradation in promoting hUCB-MSCs motility. Finally, the silencing of MT3-MMP in AA-stimulated hUCB-MSCs failed to promote the repair of skin wounds owing to impaired cell motility. In conclusion, AA enhances skin wound healing through induction of hUCB-MSCs motility by MT3-MMP-mediated fibronectin degradation, which relies on GPR40-dependent mTORC2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Oh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-741, Korea
| | - S-J Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-741, Korea
| | - Y H Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-741, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-741, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-741, Korea
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Han HJ, Jung UJ, Kim HJ, Moon BS, Cho SJ, Park YB, Lee DG, Choi MS. Dual effects of a mixture of grape pomace (Campbell Early) and Omija fruit ethanol extracts on lipid metabolism and the antioxidant defense system in diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:227-34. [PMID: 26060533 PMCID: PMC4460053 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.3.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of a combination of grape pomace (Vitis labrusca, Campbell Early) and Omija fruit (Schizandra chinensis, Baillon) ethanol extracts on lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system in diet-induced obese mice. MATERIALS/METHODS Forty male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups and fed high-fat diet (control group, CON) or high-fat diet added 0.5% grape pomace extract (GPE), 0.05% Omija fruit extract (OFE) or 0.5% GPE plus 0.05% OFE (GPE+OFE) for 12 weeks. RESULTS In contrast to the GPE- or OFE-supplemented groups, the GPE+OFE group showed significantly lower body weight and white adipose tissue weights than the CON group. Moreover, GPE+OFE supplementation significantly decreased plasma total cholesterol and increased the plasma HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio (HTR) compared to the control diet. The hepatic triglyceride level was significantly lower in the GPE+OFE and GPE groups by increasing β-oxidation and decreasing lipogenic enzyme compared to the CON group. Furthermore, GPE+OFE supplementation significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities with a simultaneous decrease in liver H2O2 content compared to the control diet. CONCLUSIONS Together our results suggest that supplementation with the GPE+OFE mixture may be more effective in improving adiposity, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice than those with GPE and OFE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Korea. ; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Food R&D, CJ Cheiljedang Corp., Seoul 152-051, Korea
| | | | - Su-Jung Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Korea. ; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Yong Bok Park
- School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 702-701, Korea. ; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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Moon JY, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Choi SR, Kwon SG, Choi HS, Kang SY, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Oh SB, Lee JH. σ1 receptors activate astrocytes via p38 MAPK phosphorylation leading to the development of mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5881-97. [PMID: 25158784 PMCID: PMC4290724 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spinal astrocytes have emerged as important mechanistic contributors to the genesis of mechanical allodynia (MA) in neuropathic pain. We recently demonstrated that the spinal sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (σ1 receptor) modulates p38 MAPK phosphorylation (p-p38), which plays a critical role in the induction of MA in neuropathic rats. However, the histological and physiological relationships among σ1, p-p38 and astrocyte activation is unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We investigated: (i) the precise location of σ1 receptors and p-p38 in spinal dorsal horn; (ii) whether the inhibition of σ1 receptors or p38 modulates chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced astrocyte activation; and (iii) whether this modulation of astrocyte activity is associated with MA development in CCI mice. KEY RESULTS The expression of σ1 receptors was significantly increased in astrocytes on day 3 following CCI surgery. Sustained intrathecal treatment with the σ1 antagonist, BD-1047, attenuated CCI-induced increase in GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes, and the treatment combined with fluorocitrate, an astrocyte metabolic inhibitor, synergistically reduced the development of MA, but not thermal hyperalgesia. The number of p-p38-ir astrocytes and neurons, but not microglia was significantly increased. Interestingly, intrathecal BD-1047 attenuated the expression of p-p38 selectively in astrocytes but not in neurons. Moreover, intrathecal treatment with a p38 inhibitor attenuated the GFAP expression, and this treatment combined with fluorocitrate synergistically blocked the induction of MA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Spinal σ1 receptors are localized in astrocytes and blockade of σ1 receptors inhibits the pathological activation of astrocytes via modulation of p-p38, which ultimately prevents the development of MA in neuropathic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Moon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - D H Roh
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, Kyung Hee University School of DentistrySeoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yoon
- Laboratory of Molecular Signal Transduction, Center for Neural Science, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul, Korea
| | - S R Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - S G Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - H S Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Meridian Research Group, Medical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - A J Beitz
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of MinnesotaSt Paul, MN, USA
| | - S B Oh
- Pain Cognitive Function Research Center, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural Sciences, Dental Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
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Jung SW, Kim DS, Yu YD, Ji WB, Park PJ, Choi SB, Park JW, Yoon SY, Han HJ, Song TJ, Choi SY, Suh SO. Does procurement technique affect posttransplant graft function in deceased donor liver transplantation? Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2880-5. [PMID: 24156997 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various techniques have been described deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) procurement. One is a technique whereby almost total dissection is done in the porta hepatis and perihepatic detachment is carried out before cross-clamping the donor aorta. In another approach, after the donor aorta is cross-clamped, rapid and minimal en bloc dissection is performed with minimal manipulation. We evaluated early posttransplant graft function among liver procurement techniques. METHOD Between January 2008 and August 2012, we performed 45 consecutive adult DDLTs. One patient was excluded from this analysis due to early death from sepsis after transplantation. The 44 included patients were divided into two cohorts according to the procurement technique: A warm dissection (n = 23; 52%) and a cold dissection group (n = 21; 48%). We compared early posttransplant graft function using the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (T-bil), and prothrombin time (PT) values of the two groups from the first to seventh postoperative day. RESULT The AST values in the warm group were significantly greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 3 and 5. In addition, the ALT values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 4, 5, and 6. Moreover, the T-bil values in the warm group were greater than those in the cold group on postoperative days 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. However, there were no differences in PT values. CONCLUSION During liver procurement for DDLT, rapid en bloc procurement with minimal manipulation after clamping the donor aorta achieved better early graft function posttransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yun SP, Lee SJ, Jung YH, Han HJ. Galectin-1 stimulates motility of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells by downregulation of smad2/3-dependent collagen 3/5 and upregulation of NF-κB-dependent fibronectin/laminin 5 expression. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1049. [PMID: 24503541 PMCID: PMC3944255 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) belongs to a family of endogenous lectins with conserved carbohydrate recognition domains binding β-galactosidase sugars and plays a vital role in regulating stem cell functions including determination of cell fate. However, our understanding of the functional roles of Gal-1 in human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) is still fragmentary and incomplete. Gal-1 significantly increased motility after a 24-h incubation, and this effect was inhibited by β-lactose. We analyzed 17 extracellular matrix (ECM) genes in UCB-MSCs. Gal-1 decreased the expression of collagen genes COL3A1 (COL-3) and COL5A1 (COL-5) but increased the expression of fibronectin (FN) and laminin 5 (LM-5), that were reversed by β-lactose. Gal-1 increased protein kinase C (PKC), c-Src, and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) phosphorylation that was attenuated by β-lactose and the Src inhibitor PP2. In addition, pretreatment with the lipid raft disruptor Mβ-CD and the PKC inhibitors inhibited Gal-1-induced UCB-MSC motility. In addition, Gal-1 reduced smad2/3 phosphorylation and induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB phosphorylation. Pretreatment with Mβ-CD attenuated Gal-1-reduced smad2/3 phosphorylation, COL-3, and COL-5 expression but did not affect NF-κB phosphorylation, FN, or LM-5 expression. In contrast, PKC inhibitors only attenuated NF-κB phosphorylation, FN, and LM-5 expression. Reconstructing Gal-1-induced genetic changes by replacing it with siRNA specific for COL-3 or COL-5, or treatment of the cells with FN and LM-5 proteins, increased motility and its related proteins such as focal adhesion kinase, Akt, Erk, integrins, and matrix metalloproteinase-2. A combined treatment with COL-3/COL-5 siRNA or FN/LM-5 compared with that of single treatments was synergistic. However, a single Gal-1 treatment maximally stimulated motility and related protein phosphorylation/expression. These results demonstrate that Gal-1 stimulated human UCB-MSC motility by decreasing COL-3/COL-5 expression and increasing FN/LM-5 expression through a PKC-dependent NF-κB and c-Src/Cav-1-dependent smad2/3 pathway that was critical for governing the activation of FAK, Akt, Erk, integrins, and MMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Yun
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-J Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Creative Veterinary Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kang SY, Roh DH, Kim HW, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Lee JH. Suppression of adrenal gland-derived epinephrine enhances the corticosterone-induced antinociceptive effect in the mouse formalin test. Eur J Pain 2013; 18:617-28. [PMID: 24155262 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is both clinical and experimental evidence to support the application of corticosterone in the management of inflammation and pain. Corticosterone has been used to treat painful inflammatory diseases and can produce antinociceptive effects. Epinephrine is synthesized from norepinephrine by the enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and works as an endogenous adrenoceptor ligand secreted peripherally by the adrenal medulla. It is currently unclear whether corticosterone's antinociceptive effect is associated with the modulation of peripheral epinephrine. METHODS We first determined whether exogenous corticosterone treatment actually produced an antinociceptive effect in a formalin-induced pain model, and then examined whether this corticosterone-induced antinociceptive effect was altered by suppression of adrenal-derived epinephrine, using the following three suppression methods: (1) inhibition of the PNMT enzyme; (2) blocking peripheral epinephrine receptors; and (3) adrenalectomy. RESULTS Exogenous treatment with corticosterone at a high dose (50 mg/kg), but not at lower doses (5, 25 mg/kg), significantly reduced pain responses in the late phase. Moreover, injection of 2,3-dichloro-a-methylbenzylamine, a PNMT enzyme inhibitor, (10 mg/kg) before corticosterone treatment caused a leftward shift in the dose-response curve for corticosterone and injection of propranolol (5 mg/kg), but not phentolamine, also shifted the dose-response curve to the left during the late phase. Chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine had no effect on corticosterone-induced antinociceptive effect, but injection of a low dose of corticosterone produced an antinociceptive effect in adrenalectomized animals. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that suppression of epinephrine, derived from adrenal gland, enhances the antinociceptive effect of exogenous corticosterone treatment in an inflammatory pain model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kang
- Acupuncture, Moxibustion & Meridian Research Group, Medical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Son TW, Yun SP, Yong MS, Seo BN, Ryu JM, Youn HY, Oh YM, Han HJ. Netrin-1 protects hypoxia-induced mitochondrial apoptosis through HSP27 expression via DCC- and integrin α6β4-dependent Akt, GSK-3β, and HSF-1 in mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e563. [PMID: 23538444 PMCID: PMC3615739 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Netrin (Ntn) has the potential to be successfully applied as an anti-apoptotic agent with a high affinity for tissue, for therapeutic strategies of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSC), although the mechanism by which Ntn-1 protects hypoxic injury has yet to be identified. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of Ntn-1 on hypoxia-induced UCB-MSC apoptosis, as well as the potential underlying mechanisms of its protective effect. Hypoxia (72 h) reduced cell viability (MTT reduction, and [3H]-thymidine incorporation) and cell number, and induced apoptosis (annexin and/or PI positive), which were reversed by Ntn-1 (10 ng/ml). Moreover, Ntn-1 decreased the increase of hypoxia-induced Bax, cleaved caspase-9, and -3, but blocked the decrease of hypoxia-reduced Bcl-2. Next, in order to examine the Ntn-1-related signaling cascade in the protection of hypoxic injury, we analyzed six Ntn receptors in UCB-MSC. We identified deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and integrin (IN) α6β4, except uncoordinated family member (UNC) 5A–C, and neogenin. Among them, IN α6β4 only was detected in lipid raft fractions. In addition, Ntn-1 induced the dissociation of DCC and APPL-1 complex, thereby stimulating the formation of APPL-1 and Akt2 complex. Ntn-1 also reversed the hypoxia-induced decrease of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation, which is involved in heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) expression. Ntn-1-induced phospho-Akt and -GSK-3β were inhibited by DCC function-blocking antibody, IN a6b4 function-blocking antibody, and the Akt inhibitor. Hypoxia and/or Ntn-1 stimulated heat shock protein (HSP)27 expression, which was blocked by HSF-1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Furthermore, HSP27-specific siRNA reversed the Ntn-1-induced increase of phospho-Akt. Additionally, HSP27-specific siRNA attenuated the Ntn-1-reduced loss of mitochondrial membrane injury via the inhibition of cytochrome c (cyt c) release and formation of cyt c and HSP27 complex. Moreover, the inhibition of each signaling protein attenuated Ntn-1-induced blockage of apoptosis. In conclusion, Ntn-1-induced HSP27 protected hypoxic injury-related UCB-MSC apoptosis through DCC- and IN α6β4-dependent Akt, GSK-3β, and HSF-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Son
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Park JR, Choi JO, Han HJ, Chang SA, Park SJ, Lee SC, Choe YH, Park SW, Oh JK. Degree and distribution of left ventricular hypertrophy as a determining factor for elevated natriuretic peptide levels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 28:763-72. [PMID: 21516440 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-011-9876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Whether the left ventricular (LV) mass index (LVMI) and LV volumetric parameters are associated independently with natriuretic peptide levels is unclear in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Therefore, we investigated which parameters have an independent relationship with N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in HCM patients using echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). A total of 103 patients with HCM (82 men, age 53 ± 12 years) were evaluated. Echocardiographic evaluations included left atrial volume index (LAVI) and early diastolic mitral inflow E velocity to early annular Ea velocity ratio (E/Ea). LVMI, maximal wall thickness and LV volumetric parameters were measured using CMR. The median value of NT-proBNP level was 387.0 pg/ml. The mean NT-proBNP level in patients with non-apical HCM (n = 69; 36 patients with asymmetric septal hypertrophy, 11 with diffuse, and 22 with mixed type) was significantly higher than in those with apical HCM (n = 34, P < 0.001). NT-proBNP level was negatively correlated with LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) (r = -0.263, P = 0.007) and positively with LVMI (r = 0.225, P = 0.022) and maximal wall thickness (r = 0.495, P < 0.001). Among the echocardiographic variables, LAVI (r = 0.492, P < 0.001) and E/Ea (r = 0.432, P < 0.001) were correlated with NT-proBNP. On multivariable analysis, non-apical HCM, increased maximal wall thickness and LAVI were independently related with NT-proBNP. Severity of LV hypertrophy and diastolic parameters might be important in the elevation of NT-proBNP level in HCM. Therefore, further evaluation of these parameters in HCM might be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rang Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim JC, Lim SK, Han HJ, Park SH. Cannabinoid receptor 1 mediates palmitic acid-induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress in human renal proximal tubular cells. J Cell Physiol 2010; 225:654-63. [PMID: 20506110 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is activated at the onset of obesity and diverse metabolic diseases. Endocannabinoids mediate their physiological and behavioral effects by activating specific cannabinoid receptors, mainly cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB(1)R). Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is induced by hyperlipidemia, and renal proximal tubule cells are an important site for the onset of DN. However, the pathophysiology of CB(1)R, especially in the hyperlipidemia of DN, has not been elucidated. Therefore, we examined the effect of palmitic acid (PA) on CB(1)R expression and its related signal pathways in human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2 cells). PA significantly increased CB(1)R mRNA and protein levels and induced CB(1)R internalization. PA-induced activation of CB(1)R is prevented by the treatment of AACOCF(3) (a cPLA(2) inhibitor), indomethacin and NS398 (a COX 2 inhibitors). Indeed, PA increased cPLA(2), and COX-2 but not COX-1. We also investigated whether the PA-induced activation of CB(1)R is linked to apoptosis. As a result, AM251 (a CB(1)R antagonist) attenuated PA-mediated apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, PA decreased GRP78 expression and induced increases in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways p-PERK, p-eIF2α, p-ATF4, and CHOP, which were blocked by AM251 treatment. Moreover, PA increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved PARP, and caspase-3 levels. The PA-induced apoptotic effects were decreased with CB(1)R-specific antagonist (AM251) treatment and CB1 si-RNA transfection. In conclusion, PA induced apoptosis through ER stress via CB(1)R expression in human proximal tubule cells. Our results provide evidence that CB(1)R blockade may be a potential anti-diabetic therapy for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Lim
- Bio-therapy Human Resources Center, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Park SJ, Lee KS, Kim SR, Min KH, Moon H, Lee MH, Chung CR, Han HJ, Puri KD, Lee YC. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ inhibitor suppresses interleukin-17 expression in a murine asthma model. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:1448-59. [PMID: 20351038 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma by regulating the activation of inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cell recruitment and immune cell function. Recent findings have indicated that PI3Ks also regulate the expression of interleukin (IL)-17, which has been recognised as an important cytokine involved in airway inflammation. In the present study, we investigated a role of PI3Kδ in the regulation of IL-17 expression in allergic airway disease using a murine model of asthma. After ovalbumin inhalation, administration of a selective p110δ inhibitor, IC87114, significantly attenuated airway infiltration of total cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils, as well as airway hyperresponsiveness, and attenuated the increase in IL-17 protein and mRNA expression. Moreover, IC87114 reduced levels of IL-4, -5 and -13, expression of keratinocyte chemoattractant protein and mRNA, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity. In addition, a NF-κB inhibitor, BAY 11-7085 substantially reduced the increase in IL-17 protein levels. Our results also showed that inhibition of IL-17 activity with an anti-IL-17 antibody remarkably reduced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. These findings suggest that inhibition of the p110δ signalling pathway suppresses IL-17 expression through regulation of NF-κB activity and, thus, has therapeutic potential in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-180, South Korea
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Song BG, Lee GY, Kim EK, Han HJ, Ryu DR, Chang SA, Park SJ, Choi JO, Lee SC, Park SW, Choe YH, Oh JK. LOCATION OF MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY DETECTED BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IS RELATED TO VARIOUS ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(10)60774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Identifying the small molecules that permit precise regulation of embryonic stem (ES) cell proliferation should further support our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of self renewal. In the present study, we showed that PGE(2) increased [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in a time and dose dependent manner. In addition, PGE(2) increased the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, the percentage of cells in S phase and the total number of cells. PGE(2) obviously increased E-type prostaglandin (EP) receptor 1 mRNA expression level compare to 2, 3, 4 subtypes. EP1 antagonist also blocked PGE(2)-induced cell cycle regulatory protein expression and thymidine incorporation. PGE(2) caused phosphorylation of protein kinase C, Src, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt phosphorylation, and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which were blocked by each inhibitors. In conclusion, PGE(2)-stimulated proliferation is mediated by MAPK via EP1 receptor-dependent PKC and EGF receptor-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in mouse ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Yun
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center (BK21), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
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Lee MY, Lee SH, Park JH, Han HJ. Interaction of galectin-1 with caveolae induces mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation through the Src, ERas, Akt and mTOR signaling pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:1467-78. [PMID: 19266163 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-8691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Galectins have the potential to provide a promising alternative for unveiling the complexity of embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal, although the mechanism by which galectins maintain ES cell self-renewal has yet to be identified. Galectin-1 increased [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation as well as cyclin expression and decreased p27(kip1) expression. Src and caveolin-1 phosphorylation was increased by galectin-1, and phospho-caveolin-1 was inhibited by PP2. In addition, inhibition of caveolin-1 by small interfering RNA and methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (Mbeta-CD) decreased galectin-1-induced cyclin expression and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation. Galectin-1 caused Akt and mTOR phosphorylation, which is involved in cyclin expression. Galectin-1-induced phospho-Akt and -mTOR was inhibited by PP2, ERas siRNA, caveolin-1 siRNA and Mbeta-CD. Furthermore, mTOR phosphorylation was decreased by LY294002 and Akt inhibitor. Galectin-1-induced increase in cyclin expression and decrease in p27(kip1) was blocked by Akt inhibitor and rapamycin. In conclusion, galectin-1 increased DNA synthesis in mouse ES cells via Src, caveolin-1 Akt, and mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Sohn GH, Shin DH, Byun KM, Han HJ, Cho SJ, Song YB, Kim JH, On YK, Kim JS. The incidence and predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiothoracic surgery. Korean Circ J 2009; 39:100-4. [PMID: 19949595 PMCID: PMC2771806 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2009.39.3.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiothoracic surgery is known to be very rare; there have been few prior studies on this topic. We evaluated the incidence, predictors, and prognosis of atrial fibrillation after noncardiothoracic surgery. Subjects and Methods Patients who underwent noncardiothoracic surgery at our medical center under general anesthesia were enrolled. We reviewed medical records retrospectively and evaluated whether the atrial fibrillation developed postoperatively or was pre-existing. Patients who had a previous history of atrial fibrillation or atrial fibrillation on the pre-operative electrocardiogram were excluded. Results Between January 2005 and December 2006, 7,756 patients (mean age: 69 years, male: 46%) underwent noncardiothoracic surgery in Samsung Medical Center and 30 patients (0.39%) were diagnosed with newly-developed atrial fibrillation. Patients who developed atrial fibrillation were significantly older and had significantly lower body mass indexes. Newly-developed atrial fibrillation was detected in 0.53% of the male patients and 0.26% of the female patients. The incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after an emergency operation was more frequent than that of elective operations (p<0.001). According to the multivariate analysis, age and emergency operations were independent predictors for new onset atrial fibrillation after noncardiothoracic surgery. Postoperative atrial fibrillation developed after a median of 2 days after the noncardiothoracic surgery and was associated with a longer hospitalization and increased in-hospital mortality. Four (13.3%) patients died and the causes of death were non-cardiovascular events such as pneumonia or hemorrhage. Conclusion Postoperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiothoracic surgery is a rare complication and is associated with older age and emergency operations. Patients who develop atrial fibrillation have longer hospitalizations and higher in-hospital mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwan Hyeop Sohn
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Byeon KM, Park SW, Choi JO, Yang JH, Han HJ, Son GH, Kim YJ. Two Cases of Caseous Calcification of the Mitral Annulus. Korean Circ J 2009. [DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2009.39.2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Min Byeon
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Hyeop Son
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park JH, Lee MY, Heo JS, Han HJ. A potential role of connexin 43 in epidermal growth factor-induced proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells: involvement of Ca2+/PKC, p44/42 and p38 MAPKs pathways. Cell Prolif 2008; 41:786-802. [PMID: 18823499 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The gap junction protein, connexin (Cx), plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and cell proliferation by allowing communication between adjacent cells. Therefore, this study has examined the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on Cx43 and its relationship to proliferation of mouse embryonic stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expressions of Cx43, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and cell cycle regulatory proteins were assessed by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assayed with [(3)H]thymidine incorporation. Intercellular communication level was measured by a scrape loading/dye transfer method. RESULTS The results showed that EGF increased the level of Cx43 phosphorylation in a time- (> or =5 min) and dose- (> or =10 ng/mL) dependent manner. Indeed, EGF-induced increase in phospho-Cx43 level was significantly blocked by either AG 1478 or herbimycin A (tyrosine kinase inhibitors). EGF increased Ca(2+) influx and protein kinase C (PKC) translocation from the cytosolic compartment to the membrane compartment. Moreover, pre-treatment with BAPTA-AM (an intracellular Ca(2+) chelator), EGTA (an extracellular Ca(2+) chelator), bisindolylmaleimide I or staurosporine (PKC inhibitors) inhibited the EGF-induced phosphorylation of Cx43. EGF induced phosphorylation of p38 and p44/42 MAPKs, and this was blocked by SB 203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) and PD 98059 (a p44/42 MAPK inhibitor), respectively. EGF or 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA; a gap junction inhibitor) increased expression levels of the protooncogenes (c-fos, c-jun and c-myc), cell cycle regulatory proteins [cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), CDK4 and p-Rb], [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and cell number, but decreased expression levels of the p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p27(Kip1), CDK inhibitory proteins. Transfection of Cx43 siRNA also increased the level of [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and cell number. EGF, 18alpha-GA or transfection of Cx43 siRNA increased 2-DG uptake and GLUT-1 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS EGF-induced phosphorylation of Cx43, which was mediated by the Ca(2+)/PKC, p44/42 and p38 MAPKs pathways, partially contributed to regulation of mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center (BK21), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Lee SH, Lee MY, Han HJ. Short-period hypoxia increases mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation through cooperation of arachidonic acid and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. Cell Prolif 2008; 41:230-47. [PMID: 18336469 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00516.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays important roles in some early stages of mammalian embryonic development and in various physiological functions. This study examined the effect of arachidonic acid on short-period hypoxia-induced regulation of G(1) phase cell-cycle progression and inter-relationships among possible signalling molecules in mouse embryonic stem cells. Hypoxia increased the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression and H2O2 generation in a time-dependent manner. In addition, hypoxia increased the levels of cell-cycle regulatory proteins (cyclin D(1), cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and CDK4). Maximum increases in the level of these proteins and retinoblastoma phosphorylation were observed after 12-24 h of exposure to hypoxic conditions, and then decreased. Alternatively, the level of the CDK inhibitors, p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1) were decreased. These results were consistent with the results of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and cell counting. Hypoxia also increased the level of [3H]-arachidonic acid release and inhibition of cPLA(2) reduced hypoxia-induced increase in levels of the cell-cycle regulatory proteins and [3H]-thymidine incorporation. The level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was also increased by hypoxia and inhibition of COX-2 decreased the levels of cell-cycle regulatory proteins and [3H]-thymidine incorporation. Indeed, the percentage of cells in S phase, levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins, and [3H]-thymidine incorporation were further increased in hypoxic conditions with arachidonic acid treatment compared to normoxic conditions. Hypoxia-induced Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation was inhibited by vitamin C (antioxidant, 10(-3) M). In addition, hypoxia-induced increase of cell-cycle regulatory protein expression and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation were attenuated by LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor, 10(-6) M), Akt inhibitor (10(-6) M), rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor, 10(-9) M), PD98059 (p44/42 inhibitor, 10(-5) M), and SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor, 10(-6) M). Furthermore, hypoxia-induced increase of [(3)H]-arachidonic acid release was blocked by PD98059 or SB203580, but not by LY294002 or Akt inhibitor. In conclusion, arachidonic acid up-regulates short time-period hypoxia-induced G(1) phase cyclins D(1) and E, and CDK 2 and 4, in mouse embryonic stem cells through the cooperation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK and cPLA(2)-mediated signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biotherapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Han HJ, Choi JO, Sohn GH, Byeon KM, Kim YJ, Choi JH, Park SW. A Case of Right Coronary Artery Hematoma Detected by Echocardiography after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2008. [DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2008.16.4.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Han
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Hyeop Sohn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Byeon
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Glucose is a key fuel and an important metabolic substrate in mammals. Renal proximal tubular cells (PTCs) not only reabsorb filtered glucose but are also believed to play a role in the glucotoxicity associated with renal pathogenesis, such as in diabetes. The proximal tubule environment is where 90% of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed by the low-affinity/high-capacity Na(+)/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and facilitated diffusion glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). Both active and facilitative glucose transporters have distinct distribution profiles along the proximal tubule related to their particular kinetic characteristics. A number of mechanisms contribute to the changes in the cellular functions, which occur in response to exposure to various endogenous factors. Hyperglycemia was reported to regulate the renal SGLT activities through the reactive oxygen species-nuclear factor-kappaB pathways, which suggests that the transcellular glucose uptake within the PTCs contribute to the development of diabetic-like nephropathy. Angiotensin II (ANG II) plays an important role in its development through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation. Therefore, a combination of high glucose, ANG II, and EGF are involved in diabetic-like nephropathy by regulating the SGLT activity. In addition, endogenously enhanced SGLTs have a cytoprotective function. The renal proximal tubules play a major role in regulating the plasma glucose levels, and there is increasing interest in the renal glucose transporters on account of their potential implications in the treatment of various conditions including diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Lee
- Biotherapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Lee EJ, Kim HJ, Bae JM, Kim JC, Han HJ, Park CS, Park NH, Kim MS, Ryu JA. Relevance of common carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaque as risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:916-9. [PMID: 17494669 PMCID: PMC8134355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An increase in the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) is generally considered an early marker of atherosclerosis. This cross-sectional study assessed the CCA-IMT and plaque score as vascular risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Brain MR imaging and carotid ultrasonography were performed in 133 subjects with type 2 diabetes. IMT was measured at both CCAs. Differences in the variables between case and control subjects were compared statistically. To determine the independent factors related to CCA-IMT and plaque score, we performed stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Sex, current smoking habit, history of hypertension, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels differed significantly between the case and control groups. CCA-IMT and plaque score in patients with diabetes and acute ischemic stroke were significantly greater than in patients with diabetes who were stroke-free. The crude odds ratios suggested that CCA-IMT and plaque score are risk factors of acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, when we adjusted for cerebrovascular risk factors, CCA-IMT and plaque score did not remain significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION Increased CCA-IMT and plaque score are associated with acute ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. The higher CCA-IMT and plaque score found in ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes seem to be induced by cerebrovascular risk factors. Therefore, to prevent ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes, strict control of hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, and low HDL, together with monitoring of CCA-IMT and carotid plaque, may be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University, College of Medicine, Koyang, Korea.
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39
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Sohn GH, Byun KM, Han HJ, Kim HJ, Choi JO, Lee SC, Park SW. A Case of Coarctation of Aorta with Left Isomerism Associated with Inferior Vena Cava Interruption and Polysplenia. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2007. [DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2007.15.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gwan Hyeop Sohn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Byun
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Han
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Jin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Oh Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Chol Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woo Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of studies on the effect of tacrolimus on eosinophils and related molecules including eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and interleukin (IL)-5. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of tacrolimus on in vivo eosinophil counts and on the related molecules eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and IL-5 in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS Lesional skin specimens and sera were obtained from 15 patients with AD and from 15 normal controls. For 8 weeks, the patients with AD applied 0.03% tacrolimus ointment to all affected areas twice daily. Blood sampling and skin biopsies were then repeated. We evaluated serum eotaxin and IL-5 levels, and tissue eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and IL-5 levels. Additionally, tissue levels of eotaxin and CCR3 mRNA were measured. RESULTS After treatment with topical tacrolimus twice daily for 8 weeks, significant decreases were found in serum IL-5 levels, immunoreactive cell counts of eotaxin, IL-5, CCR3 and RANTES in AD skin, and tissue eosinophil counts. However, the change in the serum eosinophil count was not statistically significant, and mRNA levels of eotaxin and CCR3 were not decreased significantly after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Topical tacrolimus reduces the number of eosinophils in tissue and suppresses the expression of eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and IL-5 related to proliferation, recruitment, activation and survival of eosinophils.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers/analysis
- Biomarkers/blood
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CCL11
- Chemokine CCL5/analysis
- Chemokines, CC/analysis
- Chemokines, CC/blood
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Eosinophilia/drug therapy
- Eosinophilia/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Interleukin-5/analysis
- Interleukin-5/blood
- Korea
- Leukocyte Count
- Male
- Ointments
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Receptors, CCR3
- Receptors, Chemokine/analysis
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Tacrolimus/administration & dosage
- Tacrolimus/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kang-Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Youngdeungpo-Gu, Seoul 150-950, Korea.
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Zhang W, Ho KS, Han HJ, Kong CS, Eu KW. Successful resuscitation after carbon dioxide embolism during laparoscopic-assisted abdomino-perineal resection. Singapore Med J 2005; 46:347-8. [PMID: 15968448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a 67-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopic-assisted abdomino-perineal resection for rectal carcinoma. She sustained hypotension of 40/20 mmHg associated with bradycardia (heart rate 30 to 45 beats per minute) and an end-tidal carbon dioxide level of zero when she was raised to a head-up position at the end of surgery to facilitate pelvic irrigation. Pulmonary air embolism was confirmed by aspiration of 15 millilitres of foamy blood from her central venous line. Resuscitation was successful and she recovered completely with no neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608
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42
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Kim HW, Kwon YB, Ham TW, Roh DH, Yoon SY, Han HJ, Kim KW, Lee WS, Kim JK, Yoon OB, Lee JH. Distribution of nociceptin-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the Mongolian gerbil: an immunohistochemical study. Anat Histol Embryol 2002; 31:187-92. [PMID: 12479361 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2002.00389.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study is designed to demonstrate the distribution of nociceptin, endogenous ORL1 receptor ligand, in the central nervous system of the Mongolian gerbil. To intensify the nociceptin-like immunoreactivity (NOC-LI), colchicine was administered into the lateral ventricle, at 48 h prior to the transcardiac perfusion. In the group without colchicine treatment, NOC-LI was observed in the fibres of the spinal dorsal horn, specifically in the superficial layers. However, the NOC-LI in the superficial layers disappeared after the administration of colchicine. In the brain, NOC-LI was prominent in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, cerebral peduncle, substantia nigra, dorsal raphe, periaqueductal grey, locus coeruleus and trapezoid nucleus. Colchicine treatment markedly intensified the NOC-LI in the somata of the central nervous system, whereas the untreated sections were too weak to observe and analyse. The distribution of NOC-LI provides informative data for studies of the neuronal circuit that nociceptin may be involved in.
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Kwon YB, Kim JH, Yoon JH, Lee JD, Han HJ, Mar WC, Beitz AJ, Lee JH. The analgesic efficacy of bee venom acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis: a comparative study with needle acupuncture. Am J Chin Med 2002; 29:187-99. [PMID: 11527062 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to determine whether bee venom (BV) administered directly into an acupoint was a clinically effective and safe method for relieving the pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) as compared to traditional needle acupuncture. We evaluated the efficacy of BV acupuncture using both pain relief scores and computerized infrared thermography (IRT) following 4 weeks of BV acupuncture treatment. We observed that a significantly higher proportion of subjects receiving BV acupuncture reported substantial pain relief as compared with those receiving traditional needle acupuncture therapy. Furthermore, the IRT score was significantly improved and paralleled the level of pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea
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Han HJ, Park SH, Park HJ, Lee JH, Lee BC, Hwang WS. Effects of sex hormones on Na+/glucose cotransporter of renal proximal tubular cells following oxidant injury. Kidney Blood Press Res 2002; 24:159-65. [PMID: 11528208 DOI: 10.1159/000054223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It was reported that reactive oxygen metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of several renal diseases including glomerulonephritis, ischemia and acute tubular necrosis. However, the effect of oxidants and protective effect of sex steroid hormones on Na+/glucose cotransporter of renal proximal tubular cells is not yet elucidated. In the present study, we examined the effect of sex steroid hormones against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced alteration of Na+/glucose cotransporter activity in primary cultured rabbit renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs). t-BHP inhibited alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (alpha-MG) uptake in a dose-dependent manner. t-BHP-induced inhibition of alpha-MG uptake was due not to Km but to the decrease of Vmax. 0.5 mM t-BHP-induced inhibition of alpha-MG uptake was significantly blocked by estradiol-17beta, but not by progesterone and testosterone. This protective effect was not blocked by estrogen receptor antagonist or transcription and translation inhibitor. In addition, 0.5 mM t-BHP increased [3H]-arachidonic acid (AA) release and Ca2+ uptake. These effects of t-BHP were also significantly blocked by estradiol-17beta, but not by progesterone and testosterone. Protective efficacy of estradiol-17beta on t-BHP-induced inhibition of alpha-MG uptake is exhibited between antioxidants and iron chelators. In conclusion, estradiol-17beta, but not progesterone and testosterone, partially prevented t-BHP-induced inhibition of alpha-MG uptake through its antioxidant activity dependent upon phenol structures and inhibition of AA release and Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea.
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Yang CW, Ahn HJ, Han HJ, Kim WY, Li C, Shin MJ, Kim SK, Park JH, Kim YS, Moon IS, Bang BK. Pharmacological preconditioning with low-dose cyclosporine or FK506 reduces subsequent ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat kidney. Transplantation 2001; 72:1753-9. [PMID: 11740384 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200112150-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the early posttransplant period is closely associated with delayed recovery of graft function, increased acute rejection, and late allograft dysfunction. Pharmacological preconditioning with low-dose cyclosporine (CsA) or FK506 was performed to induce ischemic tolerance in rat kidney with I/R injury. METHODS Low-dose CsA (3 mg/kg, administered i.v.) or FK506 (0.3 mg/kg i.v.) were used to induce ischemic tolerance in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the induction of heat shock protein (hsp) 70 by CsA or FK506 was evaluated overtime. Rats were pretreated with CsA or FK506 6 hr before I/R injury when hsp70 was maximally expressed, and were killed 24 hr later. The effect of pharmacological preconditioning on subsequent I/R injury was evaluated in terms of renal function, histopathology score, assays for apoptosis (DNA fragmentation analysis, TUNEL staining, expressions of pro-apoptotic genes, and caspase activity), and the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes (interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). RESULTS Preconditioning with low-dose CsA or FK506 significantly improved renal function and renal histology, compared to rats with I/R injury. Apoptotic cell death (typical DNA laddering and increased TUNEL-positive cells) in rat kidneys with I/R injury, was decreased by pretreatment with low-dose CsA or FK506. Increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Fas, Fas-ligand, caspase 1 and 3) and activated caspases in ischemic rat kidneys were decreased after CsA or FK506 pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with low-dose CsA or FK506 prevents subsequent I/R injury, and this effect may be related to the induction of hsp70. Pretreatment of renal donors with low-dose CsA or FK506 may result in an improvement in immediate posttransplant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, Korea
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46
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Kim YG, Kim B, Kim MK, Chung SJ, Han HJ, Ryu JA, Lee YH, Lee KB, Lee JY, Huh W, Oh HY. Medullary nephrocalcinosis associated with long-term furosemide abuse in adults. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16:2303-9. [PMID: 11733620 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/16.12.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of furosemide is well recognized as a predisposing factor of nephrocalcinosis in infants. Although furosemide is widely used for various medical conditions in adults, its association with nephrocalcinosis in adults is not well established. METHODS We studied 18 consecutive adult patients (male:female ratio 1:17, age range 21-59 years) who habitually took furosemide to control weight or oedema for long periods of time (range 3-25 years). The daily dose of continuous intake of furosemide ranged from 40 to 2800 mg. Nephrocalcinosis was evaluated using renal ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), or kidney biopsies. RESULTS Renal US and CT revealed bilateral nephrocalcinosis of the medullary pyramids in 15 (83.3%) out of 18 patients. The duration of furosemide abuse was similar between nephrocalcinosis positive (NC(+)) and nephrocalcinosis negative (NC(-)) groups. The daily dose of furosemide was nearly 10 times higher in the NC(+) group (range 120-2800 mg, mean 538 mg) than the NC(-) group (range 40-80 mg, mean 67 mg). All patients showed variable degrees of renal insufficiency and there was no difference in creatinine clearance between the NC(+) and NC(-) groups (P>0.05). Kidney biopsies performed in three patients showed focal tubulo-interstitial fibrosis and atrophy and calcifications were observed in outer medullary tubulo-interstitium. CONCLUSIONS Long-term furosemide abuse can cause medullary nephrocalcinosis in adults, and the risk of developing of nephrocalcinosis seems to be correlated with the daily dose of furosemide. We suggest that long-term furosemide abuse should be suspected in adult patients when medullary nephrocalcinosis is incidentally detected by US or CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y G Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Samsung Medical Center, Sunkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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47
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Park SH, Shin SS, Han HJ. High glucose levels alter angiotensin II-induced Ca(2+) uptake via PKC and cAMP pathways in renal proximal tubular cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2001; 24:84-91. [PMID: 11435739 DOI: 10.1159/000054212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a dysfunction of the calcium metabolism occurs in diabetes mellitus, alterations of Ca(2+) uptake induced by angiotensin II (ANG II) in renal proximal tubular cells (PTCs) grown in high-glucose medium are not fully elucidated. Thus, we examined whether high glucose concentrations can induce an alteration of the ANG II effect on the Ca(2+) uptake and its action mechanism in primary cultured renal PTCs. PTCs were exposed to different glucose concentrations (5-100 mM) and time intervals (0-48 h). There was a sustained increase of Ca(2+) uptake at glucose concentrations >15 mM. Thus, we selected 25 mM glucose and incubation for 48 h to maintain a hyperglycemic condition in vitro, unlike short-time regulatin. ANG II significantly inhibited the Ca(2+) uptake in a dose-dependent manner in a 5-mM glucose medium. In addition, downregulation of ANG II receptors appeared in a glucose dose dependent manner. However, PTCs treated with 25 mM glucose for 48 h, not 12 h, did not exhibit the inhibitory effect of ANG II (10(-7) M) on Ca(2+) uptake, although the inhibitory effect of ANG II on Ca(2+) uptake occurred in the presence of 25 mM mannitol or L-glucose. Staurosporine, bisindolylmaleimide I (protein kinase C, PKC, inhibitors), 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate pretreatment, SQ 22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor), and myristoylated protein kinase A inhibitor amide 14-22 (a protein kinase A inhibitor) blocked the 25-mM-glucose-induced alteration of ANG II effect on Ca(2+) uptake. These results suggest that both PKC and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathways are involved in the high-glucose-induced alteration of ANG II effect on Ca(2+) uptake. Indeed, 25 mM glucose increased PKC activity and cAMP contents. In conclusion, a high glucose concentration altered ANG II induced inhibition of Ca(2+) uptake via PKC and cAMP pathways in the PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- College of Veterinary Physiology, Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea
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Kwon YB, Kang MS, Kim HW, Ham TW, Yim YK, Jeong SH, Park DS, Choi DY, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Lee JH. Antinociceptive effects of bee venom acupuncture (apipuncture) in rodent animal models: a comparative study of acupoint versus non-acupoint stimulation. ACUPUNCTURE ELECTRO 2001; 26:59-68. [PMID: 11394494 DOI: 10.3727/036012901816356054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
From a clinical perspective, the alternative forms of acupoint stimulation including electroacupuncture, moxibustion and acupressure appear to have more potent analgesic effects than manual needle acupuncture. Bee venom (BV) injection has also been reported to produce persistent nociceptive stimulation and to cause neuronal activation in the spinal cord. In previous study, we observed that BV stimulation into acupoint, namely BV acupuncture or Apipuncture, produced more potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potency in rodent arthritis model as comparing with that of non-acupoint injection. Based on previous report, we decided to further investigate that BV injection into an acupoint produces antinociception as a result of its potent chemical stimulatory effect in both abdominal stretch assay and formalin test. Different doses of BV were injected into an acupoint or a non-acupoint 30 min prior to intraplantar formalin injection or intraperitoneal acetic acid injection. Using the abdominal stretch assay, we found that the high dose of BV (1:100 diluted in 20microl saline) produced a potent antinociceptive effect irrespective of the site of BV injection. In contrast the antinociceptive effect observed in both the writhing and formalin tests following administration of a low dose of BV (1:1000 diluted in 20microl saline) was significantly different between acupoint and non-acupoint sites. BV injection into an acupoint (Zhongwan, Cv. 12) was found to produce significantly greater antinociception than non-acupoint injection (10 mm from Zhongwan, Cv. 12) in the abdominal stretch assay. Similarly, in the formalin test, acupoint (Zusanli, St. 36) injection of BV produced more potent antinociception than non-acupoint injection (gluteal muscle). In contrast, BV injection into an arbitrary non-acupoint site on the back did not produce antinociception in either the writhing or formalin test. These results indicate that BV injection directly into an acupoint can produce a potent antinociceptive effect and suggest that this alternative form of acupoint stimulation (Apipuncture) may be a promising method for the relief of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
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Kwon YB, Kang MS, Han HJ, Beitz AJ, Lee JH. Visceral antinociception produced by bee venom stimulation of the Zhongwan acupuncture point in mice: role of alpha(2) adrenoceptors. Neurosci Lett 2001; 308:133-7. [PMID: 11457577 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)01989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to determine whether bee venom (BV) injection into the Zhongwan acupoint (CV12), compared to injection into a non-acupoint, produced antinociception in an acetic acid-induced visceral pain model. This was accomplished by injecting BV subcutaneously into the Zhongwan acupoint or into a non-acupoint 30 min before intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid in ICR mice. BV injection into the acupoint produced a dose dependent suppression of acetic acid-induced abdominal stretches and of acetic acid-induced Fos expression in the spinal cord and the nucleus tractus solitarii. In contrast BV injection into the non-acupoint only produced antinociception at the highest dose of BV tested. Naloxone pretreatment did not alter the antinociceptive effect of BV acupoint injection on the abdominal stretch reflex. On the other hand, pretreatment with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine completely blocked the antinociceptive effect of BV acupoint injection. These results imply that BV acupoint stimulation can produce visceral antinociception that is associated with activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors, but not with naloxone-sensitive opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Suwon 441-744, South Korea
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Park SH, Choi HJ, Lee JH, Yang IS, Han HJ. High glucose stimulates Ca2+ uptake via cAMP and PLC/PKC pathways in primary cultured renal proximal tubule cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2001; 24:10-7. [PMID: 11174001 DOI: 10.1159/000054200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of [Ca2+]i by hyperglycemia is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. However, the effect of high glucose on Ca2+ regulation in proximal tubule cells is not known. Thus, we examined the mechanisms by which high glucose regulates Ca2+ uptake in primary cultured rabbit renal proximal tubule cells. Glucose increased the Ca2+ uptake in a time- and dose-dependent manner. A stimulatory effect of high glucose on Ca2+ uptake is predominantly observed using 25 mM glucose (high glucose) after 1 h, while 25 mM glucose did not affect cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release. However, 25 mM mannitol and L-glucose did not affect Ca2+ uptake as compared with controls. Nifedipine and methoxyverapamil (L-type Ca2+ channel blockers) blocked high-glucose-induced stimulation of Ca2+ uptake. High-glucose-induced stimulation of Ca2+ uptake was blocked by pertussis toxin, SQ-22536 (adenylate cyclase inhibitor), myristoylated amide 14-22 (protein kinase A inhibitor), neomycin and U-73122 (phospholipase C inhibitors), and staurosporine and bisindolylmaleimide I (protein kinase C inhibitors). In addition, KN-62 (a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor) and W-7 (a Ca2+/calmodulin antagonist) blocked high-glucose-induced stimulation of Ca2+ uptake. In conclusion, high glucose stimulates the Ca2+ uptake through L-type Ca2+ channels via G-protein-coupled adenylate cyclase/cAMP and phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea
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