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Örencik M, Schmid MJ, Schmid J, Schmid J, Conzelmann A. Overcoming adversity during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal stability of psychosocial resource profiles of elite athletes and their association with perceived stress. Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 72:102606. [PMID: 38341163 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that psychosocial resources are associated with elite athletes' perceived stress. However, these resources have mainly been studied separately. Using a person-oriented approach, this study aimed to identify meaningful profiles of athletes' psychosocial resources, their stability over time, and their relationship with perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. To identify such patterns, separate latent profile analyses (LPA) at two measurement points T1 (June 2020) and T2 (March 2021) and a subsequent latent transition analysis (LTA) were conducted with athletic identity, resilience, perceived social support, and self-esteem for a sample of 373 Swiss elite athletes. Perceived stress was analyzed at and between T1 and T2 with a mixed-design ANOVA. For LPA, theoretical considerations and statistical criteria led to a solution of four profiles: (1) Athletic Identifiers With Above-Average Resources (nT1 = 235; nT2 = 240), (2) Below-Average Athletic Identifiers With Below-Average Resources (nT1 = 84; nT2 = 90), (3) Variable Athletic Identifiers With Below-Average Internal and Clearly Below-Average External Resources (nT1 = 14; nT2 = 7), and (4) Athletic Identifiers With Below-Average Internal and Above-Average External Resources (nT1 = 40; nT2 = 36). For LTA, both structural and individual stability was demonstrated. A large and significant main effect of perceived stress was observed for resource profiles, while there was no significant main effect for measurement point nor interaction effect. Direct comparisons revealed that Athletic Identifiers With Above-Average Resources perceived significantly less stress than the other profiles at both time points. In conclusion, regardless of psychosocial resource profile, the perceived stress of elite athletes was stable during the COVID-19 pandemic, but exhibiting a pattern with high psychosocial resources seems to buffer against stress compared to a lack of specific resources. Therefore, sport federations and practitioners should provide tailored support programs to help athletes build all these resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Örencik
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Julia Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Müller J, Roos I, Kalincik T, Lorscheider J, Galli E, Benkert P, Schädelin S, Sharmin S, Einsiedler M, Hänni P, Schmid J, Kuhle J, Derfuss T, Granziera C, Ziemssen T, Siepmann T, Yaldizli Ö. Escalating to medium- versus high-efficacy disease modifying therapy after low-efficacy treatment in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3498. [PMID: 38688877 PMCID: PMC11061202 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) on low-efficacy disease modifying therapies (DMT), the optimal strategy on how to escalate treatment once needed, remains unknown. METHODS We studied RRMS patients on low-efficacy DMTs listed in the Swiss National Treatment Registry, who underwent escalation to either medium- or high-efficacy DMTs. Propensity score-based matching was applied using 12 clinically relevant variables. Both groups were also separately matched with control subjects who did not escalate therapy. Time to relapse and to disability worsening were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Of 1037 eligible patients, we 1:1 matched 450 MS patients who switched from low-efficacy to medium-efficacy (n = 225; 76.0% females, aged 42.4 ± 9.9 years [mean ± SD], median EDSS 3.0 [IQR 2-4]) or high-efficacy DMTs (n = 225; 72.4% females, aged 42.2 ± 10.6 years, median EDSS 3.0 [IQR 2-4]). Escalation to high-efficacy DMTs was associated with lower hazards of relapses than medium-efficacy DMTs (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.95, p = .027) or control subjects (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.44-0.84, p = .003). By contrast, escalation from low to medium-efficacy DMTs did not alter the hazard for relapses when compared to controls (i.e. patients on low-efficacy DMT who did not escalate DMT during follow-up) CONCLUSION: Our nationwide registry analysis suggests that, once escalation from a low-efficacy DMT is indicated, switching directly to a high-efficacy treatment is superior to a stepwise escalation starting with a moderate-efficacy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Müller
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Division of Health Care SciencesDresden International UniversityDresdenGermany
- CORe, Department of MedicineUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Izanne Roos
- CORe, Department of MedicineUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Neuroimmunology CentreRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Tomas Kalincik
- CORe, Department of MedicineUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Neuroimmunology CentreRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Johannes Lorscheider
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Edoardo Galli
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Pascal Benkert
- Department of Clinical ResearchClinical Trial UnitUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Sabine Schädelin
- Department of Clinical ResearchClinical Trial UnitUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Sifat Sharmin
- CORe, Department of MedicineUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Neuroimmunology CentreRoyal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Maximilian Einsiedler
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Peter Hänni
- Swiss Federation for Common Tasks of Health Insurances (SVK)SolothurnSwitzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Swiss Federation for Common Tasks of Health Insurances (SVK)SolothurnSwitzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Cristina Granziera
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Tjalf Ziemssen
- Division of Health Care SciencesDresden International UniversityDresdenGermany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Timo Siepmann
- Division of Health Care SciencesDresden International UniversityDresdenGermany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Özgür Yaldizli
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB)University Hospital Basel and University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
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Müller J, Schädelin S, Lorscheider J, Benkert P, Hänni P, Schmid J, Kuhle J, Derfuss T, Granziera C, Yaldizli Ö. Comparative analysis of dimethyl fumarate and teriflunomide in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3809-3818. [PMID: 37578431 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), analyses from observational studies comparing dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and teriflunomide showed conflicting results. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of DMF and teriflunomide in a real-world setting, where both drugs are licensed as first-line therapies for RRMS. METHODS We included all patients who initiated DMF or teriflunomide between 2013 and 2022, listed in the Swiss National Treatment Registry. Coarsened exact matching was applied using age, gender, disease duration, baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, time since last relapse, and relapse rate in the previous year as matching variables. Time to relapse and time to 12-month confirmed EDSS worsening were compared using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS In total, 2028 patients were included in this study, of whom 1498 were matched (DMF: n = 1090, 69.6% female, mean age 45.1 years, median EDSS score 2.0; teriflunomide: n = 408, 68.9% female, mean age 45.1 years, median EDSS score 2.0). Time to relapse and time to EDSS worsening was longer in the DMF than the teriflunomide group (hazard ratio 0.734, p = 0.026 and hazard ratio 0.576, p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION Analysis of real-world data showed that DMF treatment was associated with more favorable outcomes than teriflunomide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Müller
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schädelin
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Lorscheider
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Benkert
- Department of Clinical Research, Clinical Trial Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hänni
- Swiss Federation for Common Tasks of Health Insurances (SVK), Solothurn, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Swiss Federation for Common Tasks of Health Insurances (SVK), Solothurn, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Granziera
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Özgür Yaldizli
- Neurology Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Head, Spine and Neuromedicine, MS Center and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Ronkainen NJ, Schmid MJ, Hlasová H, Örencik M, Schmid J, Conzelmann A. Closing a chapter? A protocol for a longitudinal mixed methods study on retirement from elite sport. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:376. [PMID: 37936233 PMCID: PMC10631078 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01422-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Retirement from elite sport represents a major life transition for athletes and requires them to redefine their central life projects, identities, and perhaps even sources of meaning in life. Although an extensive body of literature has identified risk and protective factors in career termination, little is known about the more subjective processes and individual pathways of athletes as they establish their new relationship with work-life and sport. The planned longitudinal mixed methods study follows Swiss elite athletes' transition with a focus on understanding (1) the relationship between psychological resources, life situations at the end of the sports career, and the retirement process; (2) how athletes' post-retirement vocational careers interact with their subjective careers and sense of meaningful work; (3) how athletes reconstruct their identities and relationship with sport over time; and (4) how gender shapes athletes' pathways and reorientation of their life design.Using a person-oriented approach combined with narrative inquiry, we expect to identify specific types and stories which demonstrate individual differences in career and personal development throughout the transitional period, an understanding of which can be targeted towards support programmes for retiring elite athletes. As the study centralises dimensions of positive psychological functioning (meaning and purpose in life/sport/work, resilience, life satisfaction), it complements previous studies focused on psychological distress and provides much needed knowledge that can be used to foster well-being in athletic retirement. Collaborating with the Swiss Olympic Association helps to ensure that the research findings will be disseminated to relevant end-users and used towards developing socially sustainable elite sport for the future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora J Ronkainen
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
| | - Michael J Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Helena Hlasová
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Merlin Örencik
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Achim Conzelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
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Anzeneder S, Zehnder C, Schmid J, Martin-Niedecken AL, Schmidt M, Benzing V. Dose-response relation between the duration of a cognitively challenging bout of physical exercise and children's cognition. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023. [PMID: 37088931 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute bouts of physical exercise have the potential to benefit children's cognition. Inconsistent evidence calls for systematic investigations of dose-response relations between quantitative (intensity and duration) and qualitative (modality) exercise characteristics. Thus, in this study the optimal duration of an acute cognitively challenging physical exercise to benefit children's cognition was investigated, also exploring the moderating role of individual characteristics. In a within-subject experimental design, 104 children (Mage = 11.5, SD = 0.8, 51% female) participated weekly in one of four exergaming conditions of different durations (5, 10, 15, 20 min) followed by an Attention Network task (ANT-R). Exergame sessions were designed to keep physical intensity constant (65% HRmax ) and to have a high cognitive challenge level (adapted to the individual ongoing performance). Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed a significant effect of exercise duration on reaction times (RTs; p = 0.009, ƞ2 p = 0.11), but not on response accuracy. Post hoc analyses showed faster information processing speed after 15 min of exercise compared to 10 min (p = 0.019, ƞ2 p = 0.09). Executive control, alerting and orienting performances and interactions were unaffected by exercise duration (ps > 0.05). Among individual characteristics, habitual physical activity moderated duration effects on RTs. For more active children, exercise duration influenced the interaction between executive control and orienting (p = 0.034; ƞ2 p = 0.17) with best performances after the 15 min duration. Results suggest that an acute 15 min cognitively high-challenging bout of physical exercise enhances allocable resources, which in turn facilitate information processing, and-for more active children only-also executive processes. Results are interpreted according to the arousal theory and cognitive stimulation hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Anzeneder
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cäcilia Zehnder
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Mirko Schmidt
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Benzing
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Magnaguagno L, Hossner EJ, Schmid J, Zahno S. Decision-making performance and self-generated knowledge in handball-defense patterns: a case of representational redescription. Ger J Exerc Sport Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-022-00868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn sport games, perceptual–cognitive skills are discussed as a decisive aspect of players’ expertise. However, an understanding of the relationship between these skills and actual game performance is limited, particularly, regarding the role of pattern identification and situational-probability estimation in performance. The present study thus aimed to examine how identification of teammates’ defensive qualities relates to decision-making performance in a 3:3 virtual-reality defensive task. Examining data collected in two previously published studies, we analyzed the relationship between explicit pattern detection and response correctness, and also as a function of players’ experience. Experience was operationalized as either expertise level (Experiment 1) or task-specific experience (Experiment 2). As expected, the explicit detection of a game-specific pattern was found to be facilitated by experience. However, the results imply that it is accumulated experience that enhances decision-making performance rather than the degree of self-generated explicit knowledge. This finding supports the notion of “representational redescription” as introduced by Karmiloff-Smith (1994). For sports practice, this suggests that the pattern identification demonstrated by skilled athletes should not be overestimated as a predictor of game performance, while the explicit provision of knowledge might be beneficial for less-skilled athletes, particularly in situations of high uncertainty.
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Schmid J, Conzelmann A, Engel R, Kuettel A, Schmid MJ. Retirement from elite sport and self-esteem: a longitudinal study over 12 years. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1176573. [PMID: 37213388 PMCID: PMC10197962 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the complex associations between athletic retirement and self-esteem among former elite athletes. With reference to theoretical and empirical work on the quality of the transition out of sport, information was collected from 290 (junior) elite athletes in a retrospective-prospective design: at the first measurement, active athletes assessed satisfaction with their sporting career, athletic identity, and self-esteem. At the second measurement (12 years later), the now former athletes rated transition characteristics of their career ending, sporting career success, emotional reactions to career termination, extent of necessary adjustment required following athletic retirement, duration and quality of adjustment, and self-esteem. Structural equation modelling revealed that neither sporting career success nor sporting career satisfaction had a direct effect on adjustment. However, athletic identity and retirement planning predicted the extent of adjustment, which in turn predicted the duration and quality of adjustment, and ultimately self-esteem. Voluntariness, timeliness, and perceptions of gain predicted emotional reactions towards career termination, which also predicted the duration of adjustment. Extent of adjustment and emotional reactions mediated between preconditions of career termination and transition characteristics and self-esteem. While self-esteem after career termination was predominantly predicted by self-esteem 12 years earlier, perceived quality of adjustment to career termination had a significant effect on self-esteem in the post-athletic career. These results complement existing literature illustrating that athletic retirement is a complex and dynamic process and the quality of this transition has a small, but still noteworthy effect on self-esteem, a central construct for well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Conzelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robertino Engel
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Kuettel
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael J. Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Michael J. Schmid,
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Charbonnet B, Sieghartsleitner R, Schmid J, Zuber C, Zibung M, Conzelmann A. Maturity-based correction mechanism for talent identification: When is it needed, does it work, and does it help to better predict who will make it to the pros? J Sports Sci Med 2022; 21:640-657. [PMID: 36523901 PMCID: PMC9741715 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2022.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
When identifying talent, the confounding influence of maturity status on motor performances is an acknowledged problem. To solve this problem, correction mechanisms have been proposed to transform maturity-biased test scores into maturity-unbiased ones. Whether or not such corrections also improve predictive validity remains unclear. To address this question, we calculated correlations between maturity indicators and motor performance variables among a sample of 121 fifteen-year-old elite youth football players in Switzerland. We corrected motor performance scores identified as maturity-biased, and we assessed correction procedure efficacy. Subsequently, we examined whether corrected scores better predicted levels of performance achievement 6 years after data collection (47 professionals vs. 74 non-professional players) compared with raw scores using point biserial correlations, binary logistic regression models, and DeLong tests. Expectedly, maturity indicators correlated with raw scores (0.16 ≤ | r | ≤ 0.72; ps < 0.05), yet not with corrected scores. Contrary to expectations, corrected scores were not associated with an additional predictive benefit (univariate: no significant r-change; multivariate: 0.02 ≤ ΔAUC ≤ 0.03, ps > 0.05). We do not interpret raw and corrected score equivalent predictions as a sign of correction mechanism futility (more work for the same output); rather we view them as an invitation to take corrected scores seriously into account (same output, one fewer problem) and to revise correction-related expectations according to initial predictive validity of motor variables, validity of maturity indicators, initial maturity-bias, and selection systems. Recommending maturity-based corrections is legitimate, yet currently based on theoretical rather than empirical (predictive) arguments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Charbonnet
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 145, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Charbonnet B, Sieghartsleitner R, Schmid J, Zuber C, Zibung M, Conzelmann A. Maturity-based correction mechanism for talent identification: When is it needed, does it work, and does it help to better predict who will make it to the pros? J Sports Sci Med 2022. [DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2022.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
When identifying talent, the confounding influence of maturity status on motor performances is an acknowledged problem. To solve this problem, correction mechanisms have been proposed to transform maturity-biased test scores into maturity-unbiased ones. Whether or not such corrections also improve predictive validity remains unclear. To address this question, we calculated correlations between maturity indicators and motor performance variables among a sample of 121 fifteen-year-old elite youth football players in Switzerland. We corrected motor performance scores identified as maturity-biased, and we assessed correction procedure efficacy. Subsequently, we examined whether corrected scores better predicted levels of performance achievement 6 years after data collection (47 professionals vs. 74 non-professional players) compared with raw scores using point biserial correlations, binary logistic regression models, and DeLong tests. Expectedly, maturity indicators correlated with raw scores (0.16 ≤ | r | ≤ 0.72; ps < 0.05), yet not with corrected scores. Contrary to expectations, corrected scores were not associated with an additional predictive benefit (univariate: no significant r-change; multivariate: 0.02 ≤ ΔAUC ≤ 0.03, ps > 0.05). We do not interpret raw and corrected score equivalent predictions as a sign of correction mechanism futility (more work for the same output); rather we view them as an invitation to take corrected scores seriously into account (same output, one fewer problem) and to revise correction-related expectations according to initial predictive validity of motor variables, validity of maturity indicators, initial maturity-bias, and selection systems. Recommending maturity-based corrections is legitimate, yet currently based on theoretical rather than empirical (predictive) arguments.
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Schmid MJ, Örencik M, Gojanovic B, Schmid J, Conzelmann A. Period prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and willingness to vaccinate in Swiss elite athletes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001330. [PMID: 35789552 PMCID: PMC9243493 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives (1) To assess the period prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and willingness to vaccinate in Swiss elite athletes and (2) to evaluate whether sociodemographic and sport-related characteristics were associated with infection of SARS-CoV-2 in athletes. Methods A total of 1037 elite athletes (Mage=27.09) were surveyed in this cross-sectional study. They were asked whether they had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 and whether they would like to be vaccinated. Characteristics of a possible COVID-19 illness were also recorded. Results During the first year of the pandemic, 14.6% of all Swiss elite athletes were found to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, and 5.4% suspected that they had been infected. Male athletes, young athletes and team sports athletes had an increased likelihood of being infected with SARS-CoV-2. There was considerable heterogeneity in the duration and severity of a COVID-19 illness in athletes. Overall, 68% of respondents indicated a willingness to be vaccinated if they were offered an opportunity to do so. Conclusion In the first year of the pandemic, Swiss elite athletes were tested more often positive for SARS-CoV-2 than the general Swiss population. Because COVID-19 illness can impair health for a relatively long time, sports federations are advised to motivate athletes to be vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Merlin Örencik
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Boris Gojanovic
- La Tour Sport Medicine, Hôpital de La Tour, Meyrin, Geneva, Switzerland.,Interdisciplinary Center for Adolescent Sports Medicine, Woman-Mother-Child Department (DFME), Lausanne University and CHUV Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Conzelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Schneider C, Reimann S, Schmid J, Bernhard J, Campbell KL, Wilhelm M, Eser P. Facilitators and barriers to centre- and home-based exercise training in breast cancer patients - a swiss tertiary centre experience. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Swiss Cancer Research
Background
Exercise is an effective therapy for cancer patients to reduce fatigue and to improve health-related quality of life and physical function. Yet, cancer patients often do not meet physical activity guidelines.
Purpose
To understand why recommendations are not met, we aimed at identifying facilitators and barriers to supervised, centre-based exercise within a cardio-oncologic rehabilitation (CORE) programme and to unsupervised, home-based exercise as well as strategies used to manage these barriers.
Methods
Breast cancer patients who had completed a CORE programme at a Swiss tertiary centre were recruited. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with subsequent thematic analysis.
Results
Of 37 eligible breast cancer patients, 19 patients (mean age 48.9±9.7 years) participated to our invitation. Facilitators for centre-based exercise were social support, committedness and provision of structured exercise. Barriers towards centre-based exercise included physical and environmental barriers, while psychological barriers were reported predominantly for home-based exercise. Strategies to manage barriers included the adaptation of training circumstances, behaviour change strategies and strategies to deal with side effects.
Conclusions
Our results support the importance of providing CORE programmes and suggest that a special focus should be directed at the transition from supervised to self-organized exercise in order to enhance long-term exercise participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schneider
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Reimann
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Schmid
- University of Bern, Institute of Sport Science, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Bernhard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - KL Campbell
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Wilhelm
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Eser
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Mischinger J, Schöllnast H, Zurl H, Geyer M, Fischereder K, Adelsmayr G, Igrec J, Fritz G, Merdzo-Hörmann M, Elster J, Schmid J, Triebl A, Trimmel V, Rosenlechner D, Seles M, Pichler G, Schöpfer-Schwab S, Strobl J, Hutterer G, Zigeuner R, Pummer K, Augustin H, Mannweiler S, Fuchsjäger M, Talakic E. Real-world evidence for interobserver-agreement of PI-RADS-version-2 and the value of combining 4-core-targeted-MRI-TRUS-fusion and systematic-12-core-TRUS prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer according to biopsy-history. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03109-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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13
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Thiel A, Sudeck G, Niess A, Eschweiler GW, Altmeier D, Haigis D, Pomiersky R, Schmid J, Frahsa A. BaSAlt - A mixed-methods study protocol on setting-based physical activity promotion and counseling in nursing homes. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 23:100828. [PMID: 34401598 PMCID: PMC8350408 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical activity (PA) is a major contributor to healthy aging. However, physical inactivity is prevalent among the elderly in Germany, particularly in institutionalized settings such as nursing homes. This paper aims to describe the study objectives, design, methods, assessment types, collection schedules and considerations for analyzing the data within the BaSAlt study on facilitators and barriers for PA promotion in nursing homes. Methods We designed the BaSAlt study as a participatory intervention study with multiple measurement points in six to eight nursing homes with a total of approx. 200 residents using four main modules: (1) setting-level analysis of physical activity patterns, physical activity-related climate and physical activity-related interaction with ‘significant others,’ and organizational facilitators and barriers to physical activity, (2) physical-activity related individual-level analysis of objective and self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior, a geriatric assessment with established procedures, assessment of people's activity and health biographies (biographical mapping) as well as their motivational, subjective well-being and distress status, and (3) a counseling module that integrates counseling at the setting level as well as individual physical activity counseling for residents. In module (4) evaluation, the effects of integrated counseling with regard to the implementation of PA promotion strategies are analyzed. Discussion This study will extend our knowledge of physical activity promotion in German nursing homes. Its findings will inform governmental authorities, care professionals, and academics on how to reach a particular group, characterized by inactivity, multimorbidity, and a high prevalence of dementia, residing in nursing homes, a setting that will gain further relevance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thiel
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Sudeck
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Niess
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G W Eschweiler
- Centre for Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Altmeier
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Haigis
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - R Pomiersky
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Frahsa
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Benzing V, Spitzhüttl J, Siegwart V, Schmid J, Grotzer M, Heinks T, Roebers CM, Steinlin M, Leibundgut K, Schmidt M, Everts R. Effects of Cognitive Training and Exergaming in Pediatric Cancer Survivors-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 52:2293-2302. [PMID: 33064404 PMCID: PMC7556245 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Purpose Although most pediatric cancer patients survive, those who undergo anticancer treatments like chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are at a high risk for late effects, such as cognitive deficits. To counteract these deficits, feasible and effective interventions are needed. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of working memory training, exergaming, and a wait-list control condition on cognitive functions in pediatric cancer survivors. Methods In a parallel-group randomized trial, 69 pediatric cancer survivors aged 7–16 yr (mean = 11.35, SD = 3.53) were randomly assigned to 8-wk working memory training, exergaming, or a wait-list control group. Each training course consisted of three 45-min training sessions per week. The primary outcome comprised the core executive functions (visual working memory, inhibition, switching), and the secondary outcomes included other cognitive domains (intelligence, planning, memory, attention, processing speed), motor abilities, and parent rating on their children’s executive functions. Assessments were conducted both before and immediately after the interventions, and at 3-month follow-up. Results Linear mixed models revealed that participants in the working memory training group showed a linear improvement in visual working memory after training and at follow-up compared with the control group. No other intervention effects of either type of training could be detected. Conclusion This study presents evidence that working memory training improves visual working memory in pediatric cancer survivors. Results show that near-transfer, but no far-transfer effects can be expected from working memory training. Multiple-component interventions tailored to fit the individual’s cognitive profile are needed to best support cognitive development after cancer and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, SWITZERLAND
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, SWITZERLAND
| | - Theda Heinks
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Maja Steinlin
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SWITZERLAND
| | - Kurt Leibundgut
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SWITZERLAND
| | - Mirko Schmidt
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, SWITZERLAND
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15
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Benzing V, Siegwart V, Spitzhüttl J, Schmid J, Grotzer M, Roebers CM, Steinlin M, Leibundgut K, Everts R, Schmidt M. Motor ability, physical self-concept and health-related quality of life in pediatric cancer survivors. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1860-1871. [PMID: 33527768 PMCID: PMC7940246 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer survivorship is frequently associated with severe late effects. However, research into pediatric cancer survivors on late effects in motor ability, physical self‐concept and their relationship to quality of life is limited. Methods Using multiple regression analyses, 78 pediatric cancer survivors and 56 typically developing children were compared in motor ability, physical self‐concept and health‐related quality of life. In addition, mediational multi‐group analyses between motor ability (independent variable), physical self‐concept (mediator) and quality of life (dependent variable) were calculated. Results Pediatric cancer survivors had a lower motor ability (gHedges = 0.863), a lower physical self‐concept with regard to several scales of the PSDQ‐S (gHedges = 0.318–0.764) and a higher relative risk for a below average quality of life than controls (RR = 1.44). Children with a history of cancer involving the central nervous system showed poorer motor ability compared to those without central nervous system involvement (gHedges = 0.591). Furthermore, the physical self‐concept significantly mediated the relationship between motor ability and quality of life in pediatric cancer survivors but not in typically developing children. Conclusions Results show the importance of monitoring and supporting the development of motor ability in the aftercare of pediatric cancer survivors. Physical activity interventions may be advisable to prevent physical activity‐related late effects and potentially improve related psychosocial variables such as quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Benzing
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Siegwart
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Janine Spitzhüttl
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Maja Steinlin
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Leibundgut
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Regula Everts
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mirko Schmidt
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Losapio G, Schmid B, Bascompte J, Michalet R, Cerretti P, Germann C, Haenni JP, Neumeyer R, Ortiz-Sánchez FJ, Pont AC, Rousse P, Schmid J, Sommaggio D, Schöb C. An experimental approach to assessing the impact of ecosystem engineers on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Ecology 2020; 102:e03243. [PMID: 33190225 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants acting as ecosystem engineers create habitats and facilitate biodiversity maintenance within plant communities. Furthermore, biodiversity research has demonstrated that plant diversity enhances the productivity and functioning of ecosystems. However, these two fields of research developed in parallel and independent from one another, with the consequence that little is known about the role of ecosystem engineers in the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across trophic levels. Here, we present an experimental framework to study this relationship. We combine facilitation by plants acting as ecosystem engineers with plant-insect interaction analysis and variance partitioning of biodiversity effects. We present a case-study experiment in which facilitation by a cushion-plant species and a dwarf-shrub species as ecosystem engineers increases positive effects of plant functional diversity (ecosystem engineers and associated plants) on ecosystem functioning (flower visitation rate). The experiment, conducted in the field during a single alpine flowering season, included the following treatments: (1) removal of plant species associated with ecosystem engineers, (2) exclusion (covering) of ecosystem engineer flowers, and (3) control, i.e., natural patches of ecosystem engineers and associated plant species. We found both positive and negative associational effects between plants depending on ecosystem engineer identity, indicating both pollination facilitation and interference. In both cases, patches supported by ecosystem engineers increased phylogenetic and functional diversity of flower visitors. Furthermore, complementarity effects between engineers and associated plants were positive for flower visitation rates. Our study reveals that plant facilitation can enhance the strength of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, with complementarity between plants for attracting more and diverse flower visitors being the likely driver. A potential mechanism is that synergy and complementarity between engineers and associated plants increase attractiveness for shared visitors and widen pollination niches. In synthesis, facilitation among plants can scale up to a full network, supporting ecosystem functioning both directly via microhabitat amelioration and indirectly via diversity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianalberto Losapio
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Bascompte
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Richard Michalet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Talence cedex, 33405, France
| | - Pierfilippo Cerretti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Paul Haenni
- Muséum d'histoire Naturelle, Entomologie, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Neumeyer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | | | - Adrian C Pont
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Rousse
- Unité Expertise-Risques Biologiques, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, ANSES, Angers, 49000, France
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Sommaggio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Christian Schöb
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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17
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Ablasser K, Von Lewinski D, Kolesnik E, Gangl M, Kattnig L, Habenicht V, Manninger M, Scherr D, Schmid J, Fruhwald F, Zirlik A, Verheyen N. P2614Comparison of global longitudinal strain and ejection fraction in correlation to NT-proBNP in ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In chronic heart failure (CHF) NT-proBNP and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography are standard diagnostic as well as follow-up markers and are known to correlate with prognosis. Speckle-tracking echocardiography is a more recent technique to quantify myocardial deformation as a measurement of left ventricular function with potential benefits over LVEF.
Purpose
The purpose of this investigation was to analyse the cross-sectional relationship between 2D speckle tracking-derived global longitudinal strain (GLS) and NT-proBNP plasma levels in a prospective cohort of ischemic and non-ischemic CHF patients.
Methods
We enrolled 205 patients with chronic heart failure. Major inclusion criteria were age over 18 years, stable disease with absence of unplanned hospitalization or change in medication or device therapy in the previous month or major surgery in the previous 3 months. CHF treatment had to be according to the recommendations of the ESC CHF guidelines 2016 and LVEF had to be below 50%.
Patient history, physical examination and an extensive echocardiography exam were performed. Lab results included NT-proBNP. Manual longitudinal strain was calculated using EchoPAC (General Electric Medical Systems, Horten, Norway) by a single and blinded examiner. LVEF was measured using Simpson's biplane method.
Results
205 patients included in the study. The baseline characteristics included mean age 65.0 years and 75% male. Mean GLS was −9.6% (SD ±4.5%) and median NT-proBNP 1269.5 (IQR 379.5–2759.5) ng/ml. The CHF aetiology was 70.0% ischemic vs 30.0% non-ischemic.
There was a significant negative correlation between GLS and NT-proBNP (Pearson r=0.239, p=0.029), this was not significant for LVEF and NT-proBNP (Pearson r=0.149, p=0.228).In a multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, NYHA classification and HF aetiology, GLS remained significantly correlated with NT-proBNP (adjusted beta-coefficient= 0.289, p=0.011). Furthermore, in contrast to LVEF, GLS showed a significant correlation to NT-proBNP in patients with ischemic (Pearson r=0.266, p=0.049) as well as non-ischemic aetiology of heart failure (Pearson r=0.434, p=0.034).
Conclusion
Global longitudinal strain, not LVEF, was significantly correlated with NT-proBNP in patients with CHF, independently of age, sex, symptoms or heart failure aetiology. This shows that speckle-tracking might be superior to LVEF for the assessment of left ventricular function in CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ablasser
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - D Von Lewinski
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - E Kolesnik
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - M Gangl
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - L Kattnig
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - V Habenicht
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - M Manninger
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - D Scherr
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - J Schmid
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Radiology, Graz, Austria
| | - F Fruhwald
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - A Zirlik
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
| | - N Verheyen
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Cardiology, Graz, Austria
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18
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Losapio G, Fortuna MA, Bascompte J, Schmid B, Michalet R, Neumeyer R, Castro L, Cerretti P, Germann C, Haenni JP, Klopfstein S, Ortiz-Sanchez FJ, Pont AC, Rousse P, Schmid J, Sommaggio D, Schöb C. Plant interactions shape pollination networks via nonadditive effects. Ecology 2019; 100:e02619. [PMID: 30636292 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plants grow in communities where they interact with other plants and with other living organisms such as pollinators. On the one hand, studies of plant-plant interactions rarely consider how plants interact with other trophic levels such as pollinators. On the other, studies of plant-animal interactions rarely deal with interactions within trophic levels such as plant-plant competition and facilitation. Thus, to what degree plant interactions affect biodiversity and ecological networks across trophic levels is poorly understood. We manipulated plant communities driven by foundation species facilitation and sampled plant-pollinator networks at fine spatial scale in a field experiment in Sierra Nevada, Spain. We found that plant-plant facilitation shaped pollinator diversity and structured pollination networks. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions on pollinator diversity and interaction diversity were synergistic in one foundation species networks while they were additive in another foundation species. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions were due to rewiring of pollination interactions. In addition, plant facilitation had negative effects on the structure of pollination networks likely due to increase in plant competition for pollination. Our results empirically demonstrate how different network types are coupled, revealing pervasive consequences of interaction chains in diverse communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianalberto Losapio
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Biocommunication Group, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A Fortuna
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Bascompte
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Richard Michalet
- UMR 5805 EPOC, University of Bordeaux, Avenue des Facultés, Talence, 33405, France
| | - Rainer Neumeyer
- University of Zurich, Probsteistrasse 89, Zurich, 8051, Switzerland
| | - Leopoldo Castro
- I.E.S. Vega del Turia, Avenida Sanz Gadea 9, Teruel, 44002, Spain
| | - Pierfilippo Cerretti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Viale dell'università 32, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Paul Haenni
- Muséum d'histoire Naturelle, Entomologie, Rue des Terreaux 14, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Seraina Klopfstein
- Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, WL, Bernastrasse 15, Bern, 3005, Switzerland
| | | | - Adrian C Pont
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Rousse
- Unité Expertise-Risques Biologiques, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, ANSES, 7 rue Jean Dixméras 49000, Angers, France
| | - Jürg Schmid
- University of Zurich, Poststrasse 3, Ilanz, 7130, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Sommaggio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Christian Schöb
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Tannenstrasse 1, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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19
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Hossner EJ, Schnyder U, Schmid J, Kredel R. The role of viewing distance and viewing angle on referees' decision-making performance during the FIFA World Cup 2014. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:1481-1489. [PMID: 30714477 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1570898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to reveal the effects of positioning on decision-making performance in top-level refereeing in association football. To this end, for all 64 matches of the FIFA World Cup 2014, potential foul-play situations were videometrically analysed in terms of the referee's position relative to the infringement. Contrary to earlier studies, viewing angles were analysed in addition to viewing distances and error rates were considered for not only falsely whistled but also falsely non-whistled events. Moreover, direct logistic regression analysis was applied to detect position-dependent differences. For the total of 1,527 potential foul play situations, an overall low error rate of 6.9% was found. The similar numbers of total whistle (n = 52) and non-whistle errors (n = 54) reflect referees' ability to balance both types of errors. Regarding the overall viewing-distance effect, referees were 2.58 times (95% CI 1.47-4.54) more likely to commit a whistle error at 10-15 m and 5.51 times (95% CI 1.35-22.47) more likely to commit a non-whistle error at 0-5 m, corresponding to the position ranges occurring with the highest (10-15 m: 30.3%) and lowest (0-5 m: 5.8%) frequencies. In contrast, no significant effects of viewing-angle on decision-making accuracy could be revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Urs Schnyder
- a Institute of Sport Science , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- a Institute of Sport Science , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Ralf Kredel
- a Institute of Sport Science , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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Gut V, Schmid J, Schmid J, Conzelmann A. The Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory for Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Front Psychol 2019; 9:2785. [PMID: 30740081 PMCID: PMC6357923 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise- and sport-related motives and goals are important motivational factors in promoting exercise and sport among adolescents and young adults. However, at present, there is no well-validated instrument to assess these factors that considers age-specific characteristics. Therefore, the goals of this study were to adapt the existing Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory in exercise and sport for middle-aged adults for use in adolescents and young adults and to examine its psychometric properties. The Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory for adolescence and young adulthood was validated with 2,318 participants aged between 14 to 34 years old. Applying exploratory structural equation modeling, the inventory demonstrated excellent model fit (CFI = 0.983, SRMR = 0.014, RMSEA = 0.040) using 26 items and covering eight motives and goals: Contact, Competition/Performance, Distraction/Catharsis, Body/Appearance, Health, Fitness, Aesthetics, and Risk/Challenge. A cross-validation confirmed the factor structure. Psychometric analyses revealed good reliabilities (CR ≥ 0.70, AVE ≥ 0.50, test-retest reliability: 0.62 ≤ rtt ≤ 0.83) and discriminant validity. The factors correlated, in predictable ways, with exercise- and sport-related self-concordance, indicating criterion validity of the inventory. Additionally, metric measurement invariance was supported for activity levels, gender, and age. Overall, the Bernese Motive and Goal Inventory for adolescence and young adulthood is an age-specific, economical, and psychometrically sound questionnaire to assess exercise- and sport-related motives and goals. The inventory can be used in the practical field of exercise and sport promotion (e.g., sport counseling), as well as in research, to better understand the mechanisms and effects of motives and goals in exercise and sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Gut
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julia Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schmid
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Conzelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Csepei L, Gärtner T, Schmid J, Sieber V. Innovative cascade processes for CO 2
conversion into fuels and chemicals. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201855022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. I. Csepei
- Fraunhofer IGB Bio-, Elektro- und Chemokatalyse BioCat; Schulgasse 11a 94315 Straubing Germany
| | - T. Gärtner
- Fraunhofer IGB Bio-, Elektro- und Chemokatalyse BioCat; Schulgasse 11a 94315 Straubing Germany
| | - J. Schmid
- Fraunhofer IGB Bio-, Elektro- und Chemokatalyse BioCat; Schulgasse 11a 94315 Straubing Germany
| | - V. Sieber
- Fraunhofer IGB Bio-, Elektro- und Chemokatalyse BioCat; Schulgasse 11a 94315 Straubing Germany
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Schmid J, Steiner S, Rensch M, Middleton C, Seiler R. Psychometrische Eigenschaften einer deutschsprachigen Übersetzung des Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI-D). Diagnostica 2018. [DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924/a000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Das Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI; Middleton, Martin & Marsh, 2011 ) ist ein Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument zur Erfassung von 12 Facetten mentaler Stärke im Sport oder anderen leistungsbezogenen Kontexten. Ins Deutsche übersetzt, wurde das MTI–D an einer deutschsprachigen Stichprobe (N = 1 122), davon n = 914 Athletinnen und Athleten und n = 208 Studierende der Sportwissenschaft aus 41 Sportarten hinsichtlich Faktorstruktur, Messinvarianz, Reliabilität, Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität untersucht. Entsprechend der theoretischen Konzeption ergaben Bifaktorenanalysen für das MTI–D eine Struktur mit einem gemeinsamen Faktor und 12 spezifischen Faktoren. Die Reliabilität (ω) der Gesamtskala und der Subskalen lag zwischen .81 und .98, während die Werte für omega hierarchical subscale tiefer lagen (.07 ≤ ωHS ≤ .77). Der globale und die spezifischen Faktoren korrelierten hypothesenkonform mit dem Engagement und Leistungsniveau im Sport sowie dem Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS-D; Schmid, Birrer, Kaiser & Seiler, 2010 ) zur Erfassung mentaler Strategien im Sport. Zwar könnten einzelne Faktoren optimiert werden, doch es liegen Hinweise darauf vor, dass mit dem MTI–D mentale Stärke reliabel und valide erfasst werden kann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Schmid
- Universität Bern, Institut für Sportwissenschaft
| | | | | | - Cory Middleton
- Talent Development Academy, Level 16, 129, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia
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Grübler MR, Gaksch M, Kienreich K, Verheyen ND, Schmid J, Müllner C, Richtig G, Scharnagl H, Trummer C, Schwetz V, Meinitzer A, Pieske B, März W, Tomaschitz A, Pilz S. Effects of Vitamin D3 on asymmetric- and symmetric dimethylarginine in arterial hypertension. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175:157-163. [PMID: 28027911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Accumulating evidence has proposed a correlation between vitamin D (25(OH)D) insufficiency and cardiovascular (CV) disease. Vitamin D associated effects on endothelial function have been suggested to be a possible culprit. The present study investigated the association of vitamin D3 treatment on markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS The Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial is a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre study conducted at the Medical University of Graz, Austria. A total of 200 study participants with arterial hypertension and 25(OH)D levels below 30ng/mL were enrolled. The study participants were randomized to receive 2800 IU of vitamin D3 per day as oily drops (n=100) or placebo (n=100) for a duration of eight weeks. The present study uses an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 treatment on symmetric (SDMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). A total of 187 participants (mean [SD] age 60.0 [11.3] years; 47% women; 25(OH)D 21.2 [5.6]ng/mL; mean systolic blood pressure of 131.4 [8.9] mmHg on a median of 2 antihypertensive drugs) completed the trial. Mean treatment effect was -0.004 (95%CI [-0.03 to 0.04]; P=0.819) on ADMA and 0.001 (95%CI [-0.05 to 0.05]; P=0.850) on SDMA. In the subgroup analysis patients with a 25(OH)D concentration <20ng/mL had a significant increase in their log l-arginine/ADMA ratio (mean treatment effect 18.4 95%CI [1.84-34.9]μmol/L/μmol/L; P=0.030). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02136771 EudraCT number: 2009-018125-70 CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D3 supplementation in hypertensive patients with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D has no significant effect on ADMA and SDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Grübler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3007 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - M Gaksch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K Kienreich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N D Verheyen
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Müllner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - G Richtig
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Trummer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - V Schwetz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B Pieske
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow, Charité University, Berlin, Germany
| | - W März
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Tomaschitz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Bad Gleichenberg Clinic, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
| | - S Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Schmid J, Albertin K, Toggweiler S, Birrer D, Zimprich D, Seiler R. Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung von Sportinteressen im Jugendalter (SPIT). Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Interessen sind in der Berufs- und pädagogischen Psychologie, nicht aber in der Sportpsychologie, ein zentrales Persönlichkeitskonstrukt zur Erklärung menschlichen Erlebens und Verhaltens. Der Sportinteressentest (SPIT) ist auf der Basis der Theorie von Holland (1997) und der Konditionsfaktoren Ausdauer, Schnelligkeit, Koordination und Kraft zur Erfassung sportbezogener Interessen entwickelt und an 1 243 Jugendlichen teststatistisch überprüft worden. In konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalysen erwiesen sich 11 Skalen als eindimensional; ihre interne Konsistenz schwankte zwischen .71 und .87. Die Korrelationen des SPIT mit dem Allgemeinen Interessen-Struktur-Test ( Bergmann & Eder, 2005 ) und den Skalen zur Erfassung des physischen Selbstkonzepts ( Stiller, Würth & Alfermann, 2004 ) fielen weitgehend erwartungskonform aus. Mit dem SPIT liegt ein Verfahren vor, das sich zum Screening multidimensionaler Interessenprofile und zur Beschreibung jugendlicher Zielgruppen im Freizeit- und Gesundheitssport anbietet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Schmid
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Bern
| | | | - Stephan Toggweiler
- Angewandte Psychologie, Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
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Gordon CJ, Phillips PM, Johnstone AFM, Schmid J, Schladweiler MC, Ledbetter A, Snow SJ, Kodavanti UP. Effects of maternal high-fat diet and sedentary lifestyle on susceptibility of adult offspring to ozone exposure in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:239-254. [PMID: 28819990 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1342719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental data suggest that obesity exacerbates the health effects of air pollutants such as ozone (O3). Maternal inactivity and calorically rich diets lead to offspring that show signs of obesity. Exacerbated O3 susceptibility of offspring could thus be manifested by maternal obesity. Thirty-day-old female Long-Evans rats were fed a control (CD) or high-fat (HF) (60% calories) diet for 6 wks and then bred. GD1 rats were then housed with a running wheel (RW) or without a wheel (SED) until parturition, creating four groups of offspring: CD-SED, CD-RW, HF-SED and HF-RW. HF diet was terminated at PND 35 and all offspring were placed on CD. Body weight and %fat of dams were greatest in order; HF-SED > HF-RW > CD-SED > CD-RW. Adult offspring were exposed to O3 for two consecutive days (0.8 ppm, 4 h/day). Glucose tolerance tests (GTT), ventilatory parameters (plethysmography), and bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) cell counts and protein biomarkers were performed to assess response to O3. Exercise and diet altered body weight and %fat of young offspring. GTT, ventilation and BALF cell counts were exacerbated by O3 with responses markedly exacerbated in males. HF diet and O3 led to significant exacerbation of several BALF parameters: total cell count, neutrophils and lymphocytes were increased in male HF-SED versus CD-SED. Males were hyperglycemic after O3 exposure and exhibited exacerbated GTT responses. Ventilatory dysfunction was also exacerbated in males. Maternal exercise had minimal effects on O3 response. The results of this exploratory study suggest a link between maternal obesity and susceptibility to O3 in their adult offspring in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Gordon
- a Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - P M Phillips
- a Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - A F M Johnstone
- a Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - J Schmid
- a Toxicity Assessment Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - M C Schladweiler
- b Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - A Ledbetter
- b Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - S J Snow
- b Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - U P Kodavanti
- b Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
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Schmid J, Birner-Gruenberger R, Liesinger L, Stojakovic T, Scharnagl H, Dieplinger B, Asslaber M, Radl R, Polacin M, Beer M, Szolar D, Quasthoff S, Binder J, Rainer P. P2612Elevated cardiac troponin T but not troponin I in patients with skeletal muscle disease. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schmid J, Hoenes K, Rath M, Vatter P, Spellerberg B, Hessling M. Photoinactivation of Legionella Rubrilucens by Visible Light. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2017; 7:146-149. [PMID: 28690882 PMCID: PMC5495087 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2017.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the photoinactivation of Legionella by visible light is investigated. The success of this approach would offer new prospects for technical water disinfection and maybe even for therapeutic measures in cases of Legionella infections. Therefore, Legionella rubrilucens was dispensed on buffered charcoal yeast extract medium agar plates and illuminated with different doses of violet light generated by 405 nm light-emitting diodes (LEDs). A strong photoinactivation effect was observed. A dose of 125 J/ cm2 reduced the bacterial concentration by more than 5 orders of magnitude compared to Legionella on unirradiated agar plates. The necessary dose for a one log-level reduction was about 24 J/cm2. These results were obtained for extracellular L. rubrilucens, but other Legionella species may exhibit a similar behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schmid
- Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - K Hoenes
- Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - M Rath
- Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - P Vatter
- Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - B Spellerberg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Hessling
- Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, D 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Böttcher B, Siedentopf C, Steiger R, Verius M, Riedl D, Schmid J, Elsenbruch S, Wildt L, Gizewski E. Schmerzaktivierung bei Patientinnen mit Dysmenorrhoe – Ergebnisse einer fMRT-Studie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1593078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Grübler MR, Gaksch M, Kienreich K, Verheyen N, Schmid J, Ó Hartaigh B, Richtig G, Scharnagl H, Meinitzer A, Fahrleitner-Pammer A, März W, Tomaschitz A, Pilz S. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glycated haemoglobin and fasting glucose levels in hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:1006-12. [PMID: 27334070 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycaemic control. METHODS The Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial was a single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted between 2011 and 2014 at the Medical University of Graz, Austria. We enrolled 200 people with arterial hypertension and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations <30 ng/mL. Study participants were randomized to receive either 2800 IU of vitamin D or placebo per day for 8 weeks. The present study was a post hoc analysis that incorporated an analysis of covariance (ancova) approach, while adjusting for baseline differences. RESULTS A total of 185 participants [mean ± standard deviation age, 60.1 ± 11.3 years; 47% women; mean 25(OH)D 21.2 ± 5.6 ng/mL, mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 44.8 ± 11.8 mmol/mol and mean body mass index 30.4 ± 5.4 kg/m(2) ] completed the trial. ancova showed a mean treatment effect [95% confidence interval (CI)] on HbA1c of -3.52 (-6.7 to -0.34) mmol/mol (p = .045). There was no difference in fasting glucose -4.7 mg/dL (95% CI -16.3 to 6.9; p = .426). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation in obese hypertensive patients with low 25(OH)D reduces HbA1c levels. This finding warrants further investigation into potential vitamin D effects on glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Grübler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - M Gaksch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K Kienreich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Verheyen
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B Ó Hartaigh
- Department of Radiology, Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - G Richtig
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Fahrleitner-Pammer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W März
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinolgy, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Tomaschitz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Specialist Clinic for Rehabilitation Bad Aussee, Bad Aussee, Austria
| | - S Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Schmid J. Development of a Chassis Organism for the Heterologous Expression of Exopolysaccharide-Encoding Operons. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Funk I, Schmid J, Sieber V. Enhanced Bioconversion Efficiency of Fatty Acids towards α,ω-Dicarboxylic Acids via Bioprocess Engineering. CHEM-ING-TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201650097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abächerli R, Schmid R, Kobza R, Frey F, Schmid J, Erne P. PM090 The Optimal Cardiovascular Screening Age in Young Swiss Males is at Fifteen to Nineteen. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford RD, Bloom ED, Bonino R, Bregeon J, Britto RJ, Bruel P, Buehler R, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caragiulo M, Caraveo PA, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky LR, Costanza F, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel SW, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Domínguez A, Drell PS, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Giommi P, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Godfrey G, Green D, Grenier IA, Guiriec S, Hays E, Horan D, Iafrate G, Jogler T, Jóhannesson G, Kuss M, La Mura G, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Li L, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Madejski GM, Magill J, Maldera S, Manfreda A, Mayer M, Mazziotta MN, Michelson PF, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Negro M, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Okada C, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Pivato G, Porter TA, Rainò S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reposeur T, Romani RW, Sánchez-Conde M, Schmid J, Schulz A, Sgrò C, Simone D, Siskind EJ, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Suson DJ, Takahashi H, Thayer JB, Tibaldo L, Torres DF, Troja E, Vianello G, Yassine M, Zimmer S. Resolving the Extragalactic γ-Ray Background above 50 GeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:151105. [PMID: 27127954 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.151105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Collaboration has recently released a catalog of 360 sources detected above 50 GeV (2FHL). This catalog was obtained using 80 months of data re-processed with Pass 8, the newest event-level analysis, which significantly improves the acceptance and angular resolution of the instrument. Most of the 2FHL sources at high Galactic latitude are blazars. Using detailed Monte Carlo simulations, we measure, for the first time, the source count distribution, dN/dS, of extragalactic γ-ray sources at E>50 GeV and find that it is compatible with a Euclidean distribution down to the lowest measured source flux in the 2FHL (∼8×10^{-12} ph cm^{-2} s^{-1}). We employ a one-point photon fluctuation analysis to constrain the behavior of dN/dS below the source detection threshold. Overall, the source count distribution is constrained over three decades in flux and found compatible with a broken power law with a break flux, S_{b}, in the range [8×10^{-12},1.5×10^{-11}] ph cm^{-2} s^{-1} and power-law indices below and above the break of α_{2}∈[1.60,1.75] and α_{1}=2.49±0.12, respectively. Integration of dN/dS shows that point sources account for at least 86_{-14}^{+16}% of the total extragalactic γ-ray background. The simple form of the derived source count distribution is consistent with a single population (i.e., blazars) dominating the source counts to the minimum flux explored by this analysis. We estimate the density of sources detectable in blind surveys that will be performed in the coming years by the Cherenkov Telescope Array.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ackermann
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Ajello
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Kinard Lab of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634-0978, USA
| | - A Albert
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - W B Atwood
- Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - L Baldini
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Università di Pisa and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J Ballet
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d'Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - G Barbiellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Bastieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei", Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Bechtol
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - R Bellazzini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Bissaldi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - R D Blandford
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E D Bloom
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R Bonino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica Generale "Amadeo Avogadro", Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J Bregeon
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - R J Britto
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - P Bruel
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - R Buehler
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - G A Caliandro
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale (CIFS), I-10133 Torino, Italy
| | - R A Cameron
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Caragiulo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - P A Caraveo
- INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E Cavazzuti
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Cecchi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - E Charles
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A Chekhtman
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, resident at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - J Chiang
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - G Chiaro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei", Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ciprini
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Cohen-Tanugi
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - L R Cominsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928-3609, USA
| | - F Costanza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S Cutini
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone (Roma), Italy
| | - F D'Ammando
- INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - A de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine
| | - F de Palma
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Università Telematica Pegaso, Piazza Trieste e Trento, 48, I-80132 Napoli, Italy
| | - R Desiante
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Università di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - S W Digel
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Di Mauro
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - L Di Venere
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - A Domínguez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Kinard Lab of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634-0978, USA
| | - P S Drell
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - C Favuzzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S J Fegan
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - E C Ferrara
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - A Franckowiak
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Y Fukazawa
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - S Funk
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Fusco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - F Gargano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - D Gasparrini
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - N Giglietto
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - P Giommi
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - F Giordano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M Giroletti
- INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - G Godfrey
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - D Green
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - I A Grenier
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d'Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - S Guiriec
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow, USA
| | - E Hays
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - D Horan
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
| | - G Iafrate
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
| | - T Jogler
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - G Jóhannesson
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - M Kuss
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G La Mura
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei", Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik and Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Larsson
- Department of Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Latronico
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J Li
- Institute of Space Sciences (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Li
- Department of Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Longo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Loparco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - B Lott
- Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, France
| | - M N Lovellette
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USA
| | - P Lubrano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - G M Madejski
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J Magill
- Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - S Maldera
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Manfreda
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Mayer
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M N Mazziotta
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - P F Michelson
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - W Mitthumsiri
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - T Mizuno
- Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology (CRESST) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - M E Monzani
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A Morselli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma "Tor Vergata", I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - I V Moskalenko
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - S Murgia
- Center for Cosmology, Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2575, USA
| | - M Negro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica Generale "Amadeo Avogadro", Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - E Nuss
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - T Ohsugi
- Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Okada
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - N Omodei
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E Orlando
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA
| | - D Paneque
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J S Perkins
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - M Pesce-Rollins
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - V Petrosian
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - F Piron
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - G Pivato
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - T A Porter
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - S Rainò
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - R Rando
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei", Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Razzano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Funded by contract FIRB-2012-RBFR12PM1F from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR)
| | - S Razzaque
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - A Reimer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik and Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - O Reimer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik and Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Reposeur
- Centre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, France
| | - R W Romani
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Sánchez-Conde
- The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Schmid
- Laboratoire AIM, CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Service d'Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - A Schulz
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Sgrò
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - D Simone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - E J Siskind
- NYCB Real-Time Computing Inc., Lattingtown, New York 11560-1025, USA
| | - F Spada
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Spandre
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P Spinelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - D J Suson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323-2094, USA
| | - H Takahashi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J B Thayer
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - L Tibaldo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D F Torres
- Institute of Space Sciences (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Troja
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - G Vianello
- W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M Yassine
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Montpellier, France
| | - S Zimmer
- The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gevaert AB, Borizanova A, Graziani F, Galuszka OM, Stathogiannis K, Lervik Nilsen LC, Nishino S, Willis J, Venner C, Luo XX, Van De Heyning CM, Castaldi B, Michalski BW, Wang TL, Aktemur T, Dorlet S, Verseckaite R, Amzulescu MS, Brecht A, Brand M, Galli E, Murzilli R, Bica R, Teixeira R, Schmid J, Miglioranza MH, Cherneva ZH, Gheghici S, Pernigo M, Rafael D, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Shivalkar B, Lemmens K, Vrints CJ, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Somleva D, Zlatareva- Gronkova N, Kinova E, Goudev A, Camporeale A, Pieroni M, Pedicino D, Laurito MP, Verrecchia E, Lanza GA, Manna R, Crea F, Reinthaler M, Rutschow S, Gross M, Landmesser U, Kasner M, Toutouzas K, Drakopoulou M, Latsios G, Synetos A, Kaitozis O, Trantalis G, Mastrokostopoulos A, Kotronias R, Tousoulis D, Brekke BB, Aase SA, Lonnebakken MT, Stensvag D, Amundsen B, Torp H, Stoylen A, Watanabe N, Kimura T, Nakama T, Furugen M, Koiwaya H, Ashikaga K, Kuriyama N, Shibata Y, Augustine DX, Knight D, Sparey J, Coghlan G, Easaw J, Huttin O, Voilliot D, Mercy M, Villemin T, Olivier A, Mandry D, Chaouat A, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Fang F, Li S, Zhang ZH, Yu CM, Bertrand PB, De Maeyer C, De Bock D, Paelinck BP, Vrints CJ, Claeys MJ, Reffo E, Balzarin M, Zulian F, Milanesi O, Miskowiec D, Kupczynska K, Peczek L, Nawrot B, Lipiec P, Kasprzak JD, Li H, Jin XY, Poci N, Kaymaz C, Huttin O, Voilliot D, Venner C, Villemin T, Manenti V, Carillo S, Chabot F, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Mizariene V, Rimkeviciute D, Bieseviciene M, Jonkaitiene R, Jurkevicius R, Roy C, Slimani A, Boileau L, De Meester C, Vancraeynest D, Pasquet A, Vanoverschelde JL, Pouleur AC, Gerber BL, Oertelt-Prigione S, Seeland U, Ruecke M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Stangl V, Knebel F, Laux D, Roeing J, Butz T, Christ M, Grett M, Wennemann R, Trappe HJ, Fournet M, Leclercq C, Samset E, Daubert JC, Donal E, Leo LA, Pasotti E, Klersy C, Moccetti T, Faletra FF, Dobre D, Darmon S, Dumitrescu S, Calistru P, Monteiro R, Ribeiro M, Garcia J, Cardim N, Goncalves L, Kaufmann R, Grubler MR, Verheyen N, Weidemann F, Binder JS, Santanna RT, Rover MM, Leiria T, Kalil R, Picano E, Gargani L, Kuneva ZK, Vasilev DV, Ianula R, Dasoveanu M, Calin C, Homentcovsci C, Siliste R, Bergamini C, Mantovani A, Bonapace S, Lipari P, Barbieri E, Bonora E, Targher G, Camarozano AC, Pereira Da Cunha CL, Padilha SL, Souza AM, Freitas AKE. HIT Poster session 1P154Preclinical diastolic dysfunction is related to impaired endothelial function in patients with chronic kidney diseaseP155Early detection of left atrial and left ventricular abnormalities in hypertensive and obese womenP156Right ventricle preserved systolic function irrespective of right ventricular hypertrophy and disease severity in anderson fabry diseaseP157Left atrial volume and function in patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repairP158Impact of left ventricular dysfunction on outcomes of patients undergoing direct TAVI with a self-expanding bioprosthesisP159Anatomic Doppler spectrum – retrospective spectral tissue Doppler from ultra high frame rate tissue Doppler imaging for evaluation of tissue deformationP160Phasic dynamics of ischaemic mitral regurgitation after primary coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction: serial echocardiographic assessment from emergency room to long-term follow-upP161Reproducibility of 3DE RV volumes - novel insights at a regional levelP162Pulmonary vascular capacitance as assessed by echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertensionP163Three-dimensional endocardial area strain: a novel parameter for quantitative assessment of global left ventricular systolic functionP164Role of exercise hemodynamics assessed by echocardiography on symptom reduction after MitraClipP165Early identification of ventricular dysfunction in patients with juvenile systemic sclerosisP166Heart failure with and without preserved ejection fraction - the role of biomarkers in the aspect of global longitudinal strainP167Complex systolic deformation of aortic root: insights from two dimensional speckle tracking imageP168Volumetric and deformational imaging usind 2d strain and 3d echocardiography in patients with pulmonary hypertensionP169Influence of pressure load and right ventricular morphology and function on tricuspid regurgitation in pulmonary arterial hypertensionP170Left ventricular myocardial diastolic deformation analysis by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and relationship with conventional diastolic parameters in chronic aortic regurgitationP171Extracellular volume, and not native T1 time, distinguishes diffuse fibrosis in dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at 3TP172Left atrial strain is significantly reduced in arterial hypertensionP173Symptomatic severe secondary mitral regurgitation: LV enddiastolic diameter (LVEDD) as preferable parameter for risk stratificationP174Left ventricular mechanics in isolated left bundle branch block at rest and when exercising: exploration of the concept of conductive cardiomyopathyP175Assessment of myocardial scar by 2D contrast echocardiographyP176Chronic pericarditis - expression of a rare disease: Erdheim Chester diseaseP177Aortic arch mechanics with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography to estimate the left ventricular remodelling in hypertensive patientsP178Strain analysis by tissue doppler imaging: comparison of conventional manual measurement with a semi-automated approachP179Distribution of extravascular lung water in heart failure patients assessed by lung ultrasoudP180Surrogate markers for obstructive coronary artery diseaseP181LA deformation and LV longitudinal strain by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography as predictors of postoperative AF development after aortic valve replacement in ASP182Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with non alcoholic fatty liver diseaseP183Myocardial strain by speckle-tracking and evaluation of 3D ejection fraction in drug-induced cardiotoxicity's approach in breast cancer. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Walter F, Schmid J, Düssmann H, Concannon CG, Prehn JHM. Imaging of single cell responses to ER stress indicates that the relative dynamics of IRE1/XBP1 and PERK/ATF4 signalling rather than a switch between signalling branches determine cell survival. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1502-16. [PMID: 25633195 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) mediated via the activation of three transmembrane proteins IRE1, PERK and ATF6. Signalling through these proteins is aimed at enhancing the ER folding capacity and reducing the folding load. If these processes fail to re-establish protein homeostasis within the ER, then cell death prevails via apoptosis. How the shift from pro-survival to pro-apoptotic signalling is regulated remains unclear with both IRE1 and PERK signalling associated with pro-survival as well as pro-apoptotic signalling. To investigate the temporal activation of IRE1 and PERK in live cells and their relationship to cellular fate, we devised single cell reporters for both ER stress signalling branches. SH-SY5Y neural cells stably expressing these fluorescent protein reporter constructs to monitor IRE1-splicing activity and PERK-mediated ATF4-translation were imaged using single cell and high content time lapse live cell microscopy. We could correlate an early onset and attenuation of XBP1 splicing in the IRE1-reporter cells as cytoprotective. Indeed, silencing of IRE1 expression using shRNA inhibited splicing of XBP1 resulting in an early onset of cell death. In contrast, in the PERK-reporter cells, we observed that a slow rate of ATF4-translation and late re-initiation of general translation coincided with cells which were resistant to ER stress-induced cell death. Interestingly, whereas silencing of PERK did not affect overall levels of cell death in response to ER stress, it did increase sensitivity to ER stressors at early time points following treatment. Our results suggest that apoptosis activation in response to ER stress is not caused by a preferential activation of a single UPR branch, or by a switch from one branch to the other. Rather, our data indicated that the relative timing of IRE1 and PERK signalling determines the shift from cell survival to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Walter
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J Schmid
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - H Düssmann
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - C G Concannon
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - J H M Prehn
- Centre for Systems Medicine and Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Theysohn N, Schmid J, Icenhour A, Mewes C, Forsting M, Gizewski ER, Schedlowski M, Elsenbruch S, Benson S. Are there sex differences in placebo analgesia during visceral pain processing? A fMRI study in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:1743-53. [PMID: 25346054 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored sex differences in the neural mechanisms mediating placebo analgesia in an established visceral pain model involving painful rectal distensions in healthy volunteers. METHODS N = 15 men and N = 15 women underwent three consecutive functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions during which cued painful rectal distensions were delivered. After an adaptation session, positive expectations were induced with deceptive instructions regarding administration of an analgesic drug (placebo session). In the other session (control), truthful information about an inert substance was given. Sex differences in placebo-induced modulation of neural activation during anticipation and pain were analyzed along with ratings of expected and perceived pain intensity. KEY RESULTS Placebo-induced reductions in pain ratings were comparable between men and women. At the level of the brain, group comparisons with respect to differences between the placebo and control conditions revealed greater modulation of the posterior insula (regions-of-interest analysis: pFWE < 0.05) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (whole-brain analysis: p < 0.001, uncorrected) during pain anticipation in women. During pain, placebo-induced down-regulation of the insula was altered in women compared to men (ROI analysis: pFWE < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Our data provide first evidence supporting sex differences in pain-induced neural modulation during visceral placebo analgesia despite similar placebo-induced reductions in perceived pain intensity. These preliminary findings might contribute to elucidating mechanisms mediating placebo effects in clinical conditions associated with chronic abdominal pain such as in irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Theysohn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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West CR, Gee CM, Voss C, Hubli M, Currie KD, Schmid J, Krassioukov AV. Cardiovascular control, autonomic function, and elite endurance performance in spinal cord injury. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:476-85. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. R. West
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD); Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - C. M. Gee
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD); Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - C. Voss
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility; Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - M. Hubli
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD); Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - K. D. Currie
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD); Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - J. Schmid
- Paracycling Classification; International Cycling Union; Aigle Switzerland
| | - A. V. Krassioukov
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD); Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre; Vancouver Health Authority; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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Layritz C, Schmid J, Achenbach S, Ulzheimer S, Wuest W, May M, Ropers D, Klinghammer L, Daniel WG, Pflederer T, Lell M. Accuracy of prospectively ECG-triggered very low-dose coronary dual-source CT angiography using iterative reconstruction for the detection of coronary artery stenosis: comparison with invasive catheterization. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15:1238-45. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Pilz S, Kienreich K, Gaksch M, Grübler M, Verheyen N, Bersuch LA, Schmid J, Drechsler C, Ritz E, Moosbrugger A, Stepan V, Pieber TR, Meinitzer A, März W, Tomaschitz A. Aldosterone to active Renin ratio as screening test for primary aldosteronism: reproducibility and influence of orthostasis and salt loading. Horm Metab Res 2014; 46:427-32. [PMID: 24526370 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of the aldosterone to active renin ratio (AARR) is the recommended screening test for primary aldosteronism (PA), but several sampling conditions impact on the AARR. We aimed to evaluate the reproducibility and the influence of orthostasis and salt loading on the AARR. The Graz Endocrine Causes of Hypertension (GECOH) study is a diagnostic accuracy study among hypertensive patients at a tertiary care centre in Graz, Austria. With a median interval of 4 weeks we determined the AARR under standardized sampling conditions twice in the sitting position, after 1h in the supine position, and after a salt infusion test (SIT). We identified 9 patients with PA and 151 patients with essential hypertension (EH). The Pearson correlation coefficient between both AARR measurements in the sitting position was 0.79 (p<0.001). In EH, recumbency was associated with a significant decrease of aldosterone and, to a lesser extent, of renin, thus lowering the AARR as compared to the sitting position (p<0.001 for all). In PA, recumbency had only minor effects, but it increased the rate of false negative AARR. SIT suppressed the AARR and its components in EH, whereas in PA only renin was slightly decreased. AARR has a good intra-individual reproducibility and decreases during recumbency. These results suggest that a single AARR determination in the sitting position is a reliable screening tool for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pilz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K Kienreich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Gaksch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Grübler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Verheyen
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - L A Bersuch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Schmid
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Drechsler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - E Ritz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital -Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Moosbrugger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - V Stepan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T R Pieber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and -Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W März
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Tomaschitz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Layritz CM, Schmid J, Bietau C, Bittner D, Marwan M, Gauss S, Schuhbaeck A, Uder M, Achenbach S, Pflederer T. Improved image quality after use of iterative reconstruction in coronary Dual-Source CT angiographies of obese patients: comparison to traditional filtered back projection. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schmid J, Dössel O. An Electromagnetic Simulation Environment, to Construct Microwave Imaging Algorithms. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2013; 58 Suppl 1:/j/bmte.2013.58.issue-s1-I/bmt-2013-4217/bmt-2013-4217.xml. [PMID: 24042871 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2013-4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Grubler M, Kienreich K, Tomaschitz A, Verheyen N, Gaksch M, Fahrleitner-Pammer A, Schmid J, Pieske B, Pieber TR, Pilz S. Aldosterone to renin ratio is associated with 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure in essential hypertensives: the Styrian Hypertension study. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schuhbaeck A, Weingartner C, Arnold M, Schmid J, Pflederer T, Marwan M, Nef H, Uder M, Weyand M, Achenbach S. Aortic annulus eccentricity before and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: comparison of balloon-expandable and self-expandable prostheses. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bittner D, Klinghammer L, Schmid J, Layritz C, Achenbach S, Pflederer T. Identification of non-obstructive coronary artery disease by coronary CT angiography in patients with normal coronary arteries in preceding invasive catheterization. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p4695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bonner C, Nyhan KC, Bacon S, Kyithar MP, Schmid J, Concannon CG, Bray IM, Stallings RL, Prehn JHM, Byrne MM. Identification of circulating microRNAs in HNF1A-MODY carriers. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1743-51. [PMID: 23674172 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS HNF1A-MODY is a monogenic form of diabetes caused by mutations in the HNF1A gene. Here we identify, for the first time, HNF1A-MODY-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) that can be detected in the serum of HNF1A-MODY carriers. METHODS An miRNA array was carried out in rat INS-1 insulinoma cells inducibly expressing the common human Pro291fsinsC-HNF1A frame shift mutation. Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Expression of miRNAs in the serum of HNF1A-MODY carriers (n = 31), MODY-negative family members (n = 10) and individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 17) was quantified by absolute real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Inducible expression of Pro291fsinsC-HNF1A in INS-1 cells caused a significant upregulation of three miRNAs (miR-103, miR-224, miR-292-3p). The differential expression of two miRNAs (miR-103 and miR-224) was validated in vitro. Strongly elevated levels of miR-103 and miR-224 could be detected in the serum of HNF1A-MODY carriers compared with MODY-negative family controls. Serum levels of miR-103 distinguished HNF1A-MODY carriers from HbA1c-matched individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study demonstrates that the pathophysiology of HNF1A-MODY is associated with the overexpression of miR-103 and miR-224. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that these miRNAs can be readily detected in the serum of HNF1A-MODY carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bonner
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
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Köppel R, Kuslyte AR, Tolido I, Schmid J, Marti G. Nonaplex real-time PCR detection of Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter, Salmonella and enteropathogene E. coli after universal enrichment in food samples. Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-1994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Elsenbruch S, Schmid J, Bäsler M, Cesko E, Schedlowski M, Benson S. How positive and negative expectations shape the experience of visceral pain: an experimental pilot study in healthy women. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:914-e460. [PMID: 22650270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to elucidate placebo and nocebo effects in visceral pain, we analyzed the effects of positive and negative expectations on rectal pain perception, rectal pain thresholds, state anxiety and cortisol responses in healthy women. METHODS Painful rectal distensions were delivered at baseline, following application of an inert substance combined with either positive instructions of pain relief (placebo group, N = 15), negative instructions of pain increase (nocebo group, N = 17), or neutral instructions (control, N = 15). Perceived pain intensity, unpleasantness/aversion and urge-to-defecate, state anxiety and serum cortisol were determined at baseline, immediately following group-specific instructions and on a second study day after the same instructions (test day). Rectal pain thresholds were determined at baseline and on the test day. KEY RESULTS Whereas perceived pain intensity was significantly decreased in the placebo group, the nocebo group revealed significantly increased pain intensity ratings, along with significantly greater anticipatory anxiety on the test day (all P < 0.05 vs controls). Cortisol concentrations were significantly increased in the nocebo group following treatment but not on the test day. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The experience of abdominal pain can be experimentally increased or decreased by inducing positive or negative expectations. Nocebo effects involve a psychological stress response, characterized by increased anticipatory anxiety. These findings further underscore the role of cognitive and emotional factors in the experience of visceral pain, which has implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of patients with chronic abdominal complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Elsenbruch
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Alonso-Ramos C, Halir R, Ortega-Moñux A, Cheben P, Vivien L, Molina-Fernández I, Marris-Morini D, Janz S, Xu DX, Schmid J. Highly tolerant tunable waveguide polarization rotator scheme. Opt Lett 2012; 37:3534-3536. [PMID: 22940940 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.003534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Integrated polarization rotators are known to exhibit stringent fabrication tolerances, which severely handicap their practical application. Here we present a general polarization rotator scheme that enables both the compensation of fabrication errors and wavelength tunability. The scheme is described analytically, and a condition for perfect polarization conversion is established. Simulations of a silicon-on-insulator polarization rotator show polarization extinction ratios in excess of 40 dB even in the presence of large fabrication errors that in a conventional rotator configuration degrade the extinction ratio to below 5 dB. Additionally, wavelength tuning over ±30 nm is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alonso-Ramos
- Departamento Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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Takors R, Vallon T, Simon O, Mückschel B, Schmid J, Breuer M. Potenzial von Pseudomonas putida für industrielle Biokatalysen anhand der n-Butanol-Toleranz und der Produktion von 1-Oktanol. CHEM-ING-TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201250272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Steinkämper A, Wolf A, Masuch R, Hofmann J, Mauch K, Schmid J, Schwartz D, Biener R. Process Optimization of Antibiotic Production by Actinoplanes friuliensis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201250558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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