1
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Dawood FS, Couture A, Zhang X, Stockwell MS, Porucznik CA, Stanford JB, Hetrich M, Veguilla V, Thornburg N, Heaney CD, Wang J, Duque J, Jeddy Z, Deloria Knoll M, Karron R. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Neutralizing Antibody Responses After Community Infections in Children and Adults. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad168. [PMID: 37213425 PMCID: PMC10199115 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We compared postinfection severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses among children and adults while the D614G-like strain and Alpha, Iota, and Delta variants circulated. Methods During August 2020-October 2021, households with adults and children were enrolled and followed in Utah, New York City, and Maryland. Participants collected weekly respiratory swabs that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and had sera collected during enrollment and follow-up. Sera were tested for SARS-CoV-2 nAb by pseudovirus assay. Postinfection titers were characterized with biexponential decay models. Results Eighty participants had SARS-CoV-2 infection during the study (47 with D614G-like virus, 17 with B.1.1.7, and 8 each with B.1.617.2 and B.1.526 virus). Homologous nAb geometric mean titers (GMTs) trended higher in adults (GMT = 2320) versus children 0-4 (GMT = 425, P = .33) and 5-17 years (GMT = 396, P = .31) at 1-5 weeks postinfection but were similar from 6 weeks. Timing of peak titers was similar by age. Results were consistent when participants with self-reported infection before enrollment were included (n = 178). Conclusions The SARS-CoV-2 nAb titers differed in children compared to adults early after infection but were similar by 6 weeks postinfection. If postvaccination nAb kinetics have similar trends, vaccine immunobridging studies may need to compare nAb responses in adults and children 6 weeks or more after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah S Dawood
- COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexia Couture
- COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa S Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christina A Porucznik
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Joseph B Stanford
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marissa Hetrich
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vic Veguilla
- COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Natalie Thornburg
- COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher D Heaney
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- COVID-19 Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Zuha Jeddy
- Abt Associates, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Deloria Knoll
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruth Karron
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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2
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Bendall EE, Paz-Bailey G, Santiago GA, Porucznik CA, Stanford JB, Stockwell MS, Duque J, Jeddy Z, Veguilla V, Major C, Rivera-Amill V, Rolfes MA, Dawood FS, Lauring AS. SARS-CoV-2 Genomic Diversity in Households Highlights the Challenges of Sequence-Based Transmission Inference. mSphere 2022; 7:e0040022. [PMID: 36377913 PMCID: PMC9769559 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00400-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The reliability of sequence-based inference of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission is not clear. Sequence data from infections among household members can define the expected genomic diversity of a virus along a defined transmission chain. SARS-CoV-2 cases were identified prospectively among 2,369 participants in 706 households. Specimens with a reverse transcription-PCR cycle threshold of ≤30 underwent whole-genome sequencing. Intrahost single-nucleotide variants (iSNV) were identified at a ≥5% frequency. Phylogenetic trees were used to evaluate the relationship of household and community sequences. There were 178 SARS-CoV-2 cases in 706 households. Among 147 specimens sequenced, 106 yielded a whole-genome consensus with coverage suitable for identifying iSNV. Twenty-six households had sequences from multiple cases within 14 days. Consensus sequences were indistinguishable among cases in 15 households, while 11 had ≥1 consensus sequence that differed by 1 to 2 mutations. Sequences from households and the community were often interspersed on phylogenetic trees. Identification of iSNV improved inference in 2 of 15 households with indistinguishable consensus sequences and in 6 of 11 with distinct ones. In multiple-infection households, whole-genome consensus sequences differed by 0 to 1 mutations. Identification of shared iSNV occasionally resolved linkage, but the low genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 limits the utility of "sequence-only" transmission inference. IMPORTANCE We performed whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 from prospectively identified cases in three longitudinal household cohorts. In a majority of multi-infection households, SARS-CoV-2 consensus sequences were indistinguishable, and they differed by 1 to 2 mutations in the rest. Importantly, even with modest genomic surveillance of the community (3 to 5% of cases sequenced), it was not uncommon to find community sequences interspersed with household sequences on phylogenetic trees. Identification of shared minority variants only occasionally resolved these ambiguities in transmission linkage. Overall, the low genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 limits the utility of "sequence-only" transmission inference. Our work highlights the need to carefully consider both epidemiologic linkage and sequence data to define transmission chains in households, hospitals, and other transmission settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Bendall
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gabriela Paz-Bailey
- Centers for Disease Control and Preventiongrid.416738.f, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Christina A. Porucznik
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Joseph B. Stanford
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Melissa S. Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Zuha Jeddy
- Abt Associates, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Vic Veguilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Preventiongrid.416738.f, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chelsea Major
- Centers for Disease Control and Preventiongrid.416738.f, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vanessa Rivera-Amill
- Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Melissa A. Rolfes
- Centers for Disease Control and Preventiongrid.416738.f, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fatimah S. Dawood
- Centers for Disease Control and Preventiongrid.416738.f, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Adam S. Lauring
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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3
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Frimpong JA, Ampofo WK, Nyarko KM, Duque J, Aboagye J, Koram K, Widdowson M. Effect of antipyretics on performance of influenza surveillance in Ghana. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 17:e13068. [PMID: 36370028 PMCID: PMC9835404 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization's case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) includes a measured temperature of ≥38°C. We conducted this study to assess the effect of antipyretics on performance of ILI surveillance in Ghana. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts of Ghana from September 2013 to May 2014. We collected epidemiological data and respiratory specimens from an expanded ILI case definition, which included patients presenting to health facilities with measured temperature ≥38°C or reported fever (but afebrile at the time of evaluation), and cough, with onset in the last 10 days. Specimens were tested for influenza viruses by real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Of 321 participants who met our expanded ILI case definition, 236 presented with temperature of <38°C but reported subjective fever. Of these, 17% (39/236) were positive for influenza virus; Of those with fever ≤38°C who took antipyretics, 21%(16/77) were positive for influenza, compared with 14%(23/159) of those who did not take antipyretics. The addition of subjective fever to the standard ILI case definition captured approximately an additional 57% influenza cases but also required testing of approximately four times as many patients. However, including those without fever on presentation that had taken antipyretics found an additional 23% of Influenza cases and only two times as much testing. CONCLUSION Depending on the goals of surveillance (monitoring virus circulation or determining disease burden) and available resources, a more sensitive case definition including subjective fever and history of use of antipyretics may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kofi Mensah Nyarko
- Department of Environmental and Public HealthUniversity of Environmental and Sustainable DevelopmentSomanyaGhana
| | | | - James Aboagye
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana
| | - Kwadwo Koram
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana
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4
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Duque J, Howe AS, Azziz‐Baumgartner E, Petousis‐Harris H. Multi-decade national cohort identifies adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes associated with acute respiratory illness hospitalisations during the influenza season. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 17:e13063. [PMID: 36308015 PMCID: PMC9835450 DOI: 10.1111/irv.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation that pregnant women be prioritised for seasonal influenza vaccination, coverage in the Western Pacific Region remains low. Our goal was to provide additional data for the Western Pacific Region about the value of maternal influenza vaccination to pregnant women and their families. METHODS We conducted a 16-year retrospective cohort to evaluate risks associated with influenza-associated maternal acute respiratory infection (ARI) in New Zealand. ARI hospitalisations during the May to September influenza season were identified using select ICD-10-AM primary and secondary discharge codes from chapter J00-J99 (diseases of the respiratory system). Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We identified 822,391 pregnancies among New Zealand residents between 2003 and 2018; 5095 (0.6%) had ≥1 associated ARI hospitalisation during the influenza season; these pregnancies were at greater risk of preterm birth (aHR 1.50, 95% CI 1.39-1.61) and low birthweight (aHR 1.64, 95% CI 1.51-1.79) than pregnancies without such hospitalisations. We did not find an association between maternal ARI hospitalisation and fetal death (aHR 0.96, 95% CI 0.69-1.34) during the influenza season. Maternal influenza vaccination was associated with reduced risk of preterm birth (aHR 0.79, 95% CI 0.77-0.82), low birthweight (aHR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83-0.90) and fetal death (aHR 0.50%, 95% CI 0.44-0.57). CONCLUSION In this population-based cohort, being hospitalised for an ARI during the influenza season while pregnant was a risk factor for delivering a preterm or a low birthweight infant and vaccination reduced this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Duque
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,Abt Associates IncAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Anna S. Howe
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand,School of Health SciencesUniversity of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Eduardo Azziz‐Baumgartner
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesU.S. Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Helen Petousis‐Harris
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
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5
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Sumner KM, Karron RA, Stockwell MS, Dawood FS, Stanford JB, Mellis A, Hacker E, Thind P, Castro MJE, Harris JP, Knoll MD, Schappell E, Hetrich MK, Duque J, Jeddy Z, Altunkaynak K, Poe B, Meece J, Stefanski E, Tong S, Lee JS, Dixon A, Veguilla V, Rolfes MA, Porucznik CA. Impact of age and symptom development on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in households with children—Maryland, New York, and Utah, August 2020–October 2021. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac390. [PMID: 35991589 PMCID: PMC9384637 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Households are common places for spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We investigated factors associated with household transmission and acquisition of SARS-CoV-2.
Methods
Households with children ages <18 years were enrolled into prospective, longitudinal cohorts and followed August 2020─August 2021 in Utah, September 2020─August 2021 in New York City, and November 2020─October 2021 in Maryland. Participants self-collected nasal swabs weekly and with onset of acute illness. Swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We assessed factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition using a multi-level logistic regression adjusted for household size and clustering and SARS-CoV-2 transmission using a logistic regression adjusted for household size.
Results
Among 2,053 people (513 households) enrolled, 180 people (8.8%; in 76 households) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Compared to children <12y, odds of acquiring infection were lower for adults ≥18y (adjusted odds ratio[aOR]:0.34, 95% confidence interval[CI]:0.14–0.87); however, this may reflect vaccination status, which protected against SARS-CoV-2 acquisition (aOR:0.17, 95%CI:0.03–0.91). Odds of onward transmission was similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic primary cases (aOR:1.00, 95%CI:0.35–2.93) and did not differ by age (12–17vs. < 12y aOR:1.08, 95%CI:0.20–5.62; ≥18vs. < 12y aOR:1.70, 95%CI:0.52–5.83).
Conclusions
Adults had lower odds of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 compared to children, but this association might be influenced by COVID-19 vaccination, which was primarily available for adults and protective against infection. In contrast, all ages, regardless of symptoms and COVID-19 vaccination, had similar odds of transmitting SARS-CoV-2. Findings underscore the importance of SARS-CoV-2 mitigation measures for persons of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Sumner
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Ruth A Karron
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Melissa S Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
- Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - Fatimah S Dawood
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Joseph B Stanford
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Alexandra Mellis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Emily Hacker
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Priyam Thind
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - Maria Julia E Castro
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - John Paul Harris
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center , New York, NY , USA
| | - Maria Deloria Knoll
- International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Elizabeth Schappell
- Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Marissa K Hetrich
- International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Meece
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute , Marshfield, WI , USA
| | | | - Suxiang Tong
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Justin S Lee
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Ashton Dixon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Vic Veguilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Melissa A Rolfes
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response , Atlanta, GA , USA
| | - Christina A Porucznik
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
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6
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Veguilla V, Fowlkes AL, Bissonnette A, Beitel S, Gaglani M, Porucznik CA, Stockwell MS, Tyner HL, Naleway AL, Yoon SK, Caban-Martinez AJ, Wesley MG, Duque J, Jeddy Z, Stanford JB, Daugherty M, Dixon A, Burgess JL, Odean M, Groom HC, Phillips AL, Schaefer-Solle N, Mistry P, Rolfes MA, Thompson M, Dawood FS, Meece J. Detection and Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in Three Self-Collected Specimen Types: Flocked Midturbinate Swab (MTS) in Viral Transport Media, Foam MTS, and Saliva. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0103322. [PMID: 35665629 PMCID: PMC9241800 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01033-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory specimen collection materials shortages hampers severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing. We compared specimen alternatives and evaluated SARS-CoV-2 RNA stability under simulated shipping conditions. We compared concordance of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 from flocked midturbinate swabs (MTS) in viral transport media (VTM), foam MTS without VTM, and saliva. Specimens were collected between August 2020 and April 2021 from three prospective cohorts. We compared RT-PCR cycle quantification (Cq) for Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N), and the Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF) genes for flocked MTS and saliva specimens tested before and after exposure to a range of storage temperatures (4-30°C) and times (2, 3, and 7 days). Of 1,900 illnesses with ≥2 specimen types tested, 335 (18%) had SARS-CoV-2 detected in ≥1 specimen; 304 (91%) were concordant across specimen types. Among illnesses with SARS-CoV-2 detection, 97% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 94-98%) were positive on flocked MTS, 99% (95% CI: 97-100%) on saliva, and 89% (95% CI: 84-93%) on foam MTS. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in flocked MTS and saliva stored up to 30°C for 7 days. All specimen types provided highly concordant SARS-CoV-2 results. These findings support a range of viable options for specimen types, collection, and transport methods that may facilitate SARS-CoV-2 testing during supply and personnel shortages. IMPORTANCE Findings from this analysis indicate that (1) self-collection of flocked and foam MTS and saliva samples is feasible in both adults and children, (2) foam MTS with VTM and saliva are both viable and reasonable alternatives to traditional flocked MTS in VTM for SARS-CoV-2 detection, and (3) these sample types may be stored and transported at ambient temperatures for up to 7 days without compromising sample quality. These findings support methods of sample collection for SARS-CoV-2 detection that may facilitate widespread community testing in the setting of supply and personnel shortages during the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vic Veguilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Adam Bissonnette
- Integrated Research & Development Laboratory, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shawn Beitel
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Manjusha Gaglani
- Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Christina A. Porucznik
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Melissa S. Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Allison L. Naleway
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sarang K. Yoon
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | - Jazmin Duque
- Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zuha Jeddy
- Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph B. Stanford
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Ashton Dixon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jefferey L. Burgess
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Marilyn Odean
- St. Luke’s Regional Health Care System, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- The Whiteside Institute for Clinical Research, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Holly C. Groom
- Kaiser Permanente Northwest Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Andrew L. Phillips
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark Thompson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Meece
- Integrated Research & Development Laboratory, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA
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7
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Davis W, Duque J, Huang QS, Olson N, Grant CC, Newbern EC, Thompson M, Waite B, Prasad N, Trenholme A, Azziz-Baumgartner E. Sensitivity and specificity of surveillance case definitions in detection of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized patients, New Zealand, 2012-2016. J Infect 2022; 84:216-226. [PMID: 34953903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WHO is exploring the value of adding RSV testing to existing influenza surveillance systems to inform RSV control programs. We evaluate the usefulness of four commonly used influenza surveillance case-definitions for influenza and RSV surveillance. METHODS SHIVERS, a multi-institutional collaboration, conducted surveillance for influenza and RSV in four New Zealand hospitals. Nurses reviewed admission logs, enrolled patients with suspected acute respiratory infections (ARI), and obtained nasopharyngeal swabs for RT-PCR. We compared the performance characteristics for identifying laboratory-confirmed influenza and RSV severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), defined as persons admitted with measured or reported fever and cough within 10 days of illness, to three other case definitions: 1. reported fever and cough or shortness of breath, 2. cough and shortness of breath, or 3. cough. RESULTS During April-September 2012-2016, SHIVERS identified 16,055 admissions with ARI; of 6374 cases consented and tested for influenza or RSV, 5437 (85%) had SARI and 937 (15%) did not. SARI had the highest specificity in detecting influenza (40.6%) and RSV (40.8%) but the lowest sensitivity (influenza 78.8%, RSV 60.3%) among patients of all ages. Cough or shortness of breath had the highest sensitivity (influenza 99.3%, RSV 99.9%) but the lowest specificity (influenza 1.6%, RSV 1.9%). SARI sensitivity among children aged <3 months was 60.8% for influenza and 43.6% for RSV-both lower than in other age groups. CONCLUSIONS While SARI had the highest specificity, its sensitivity was limited, especially among children aged <3 months. Cough or shortness of breath was the most sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Davis
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Jazmin Duque
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA; Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, USA; The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Q Sue Huang
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Natalie Olson
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Cameron C Grant
- The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Claire Newbern
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mark Thompson
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ben Waite
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Namrata Prasad
- The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Adrian Trenholme
- The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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8
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Dawood FS, Porucznik CA, Veguilla V, Stanford JB, Duque J, Rolfes MA, Dixon A, Thind P, Hacker E, Castro MJE, Jeddy Z, Daugherty M, Altunkaynak K, Hunt DR, Kattel U, Meece J, Stockwell MS. Incidence Rates, Household Infection Risk, and Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adults in Utah and New York City, New York. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:59-67. [PMID: 34623377 PMCID: PMC8501415 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Data about the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children compared with adults are needed to inform COVID-19 risk communication and prevention strategies, including COVID-19 vaccination policies for children. OBJECTIVE To compare incidence rates and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults and children and estimated household infection risks within a prospective household cohort. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Households with at least 1 child aged 0 to 17 years in selected counties in Utah and New York City, New York, were eligible for enrollment. From September 2020 through April 2021, participants self-collected midturbinate nasal swabs for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing for SARS-CoV-2 and responded to symptom questionnaires each week. Participants also self-collected additional respiratory specimens with onset of COVID-19-like illness. For children unable to self-collect respiratory specimens, an adult caregiver collected the specimens. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was incident cases of any SARS-CoV-2 infection, including asymptomatic and symptomatic infections. Additional measures were the asymptomatic fraction of infection calculated by dividing incidence rates of asymptomatic infection by rates of any infection, clinical characteristics of infection, and household infection risks. Primary outcomes were compared by participant age group. RESULTS A total of 1236 participants in 310 households participated in surveillance, including 176 participants (14%) who were aged 0 to 4 years, 313 (25%) aged 5 to 11 years, 163 (13%) aged 12 to 17 years, and 584 (47%) 18 years or older. Overall incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection were 3.8 (95% CI, 2.4-5.9) and 7.7 (95% CI, 4.1-14.5) per 1000 person-weeks among the Utah and New York City cohorts, respectively. Site-adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-weeks were similar by age group: 6.3 (95% CI, 3.6-11.0) for children 0 to 4 years, 4.4 (95% CI, 2.5-7.5) for children 5 to 11 years, 6.0 (95% CI, 3.0-11.7) for children 12 to 17 years, and 5.1 (95% CI, 3.3-7.8) for adults (≥18 years). The asymptomatic fractions of infection by age group were 52%, 50%, 45%, and 12% among individuals aged 0 to 4 years, 5 to 11 years, 12 to 17 years, and 18 years or older, respectively. Among 40 households with 1 or more SARS-CoV-2 infections, the mean risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among all enrolled household members was 52% (range, 11%-100%), with higher risks in New York City compared with Utah (80% [95% CI, 64%-91%] vs 44% [95% CI, 36%-53%]; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, children had similar incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with adults, but a larger proportion of infections among children were asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina A. Porucznik
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Vic Veguilla
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joseph B. Stanford
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | | | | | - Ashton Dixon
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Priyam Thind
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily Hacker
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Maria Julia E. Castro
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa S. Stockwell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York,Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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9
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Balachandran N, Ntiri M, Duque J, Addo C, Edu-Quansah E, Badji E, Brightson K, Houphouet EE, Ndahwouh TN, Koram K, McMorrow M, Ampofo W. Incidence of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza among HIV-Infected versus HIV-Uninfected Individuals in Two Districts of Ghana, 2014 to 2016. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 105:783-787. [PMID: 34228633 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is known to cause severe respiratory illness in HIV-infected adults, but there are few data describing the relationship between HIV infection and influenza in West African countries such as Ghana. We conducted a prospective cohort study in the Shai-Osudoku and Ningo Prampram districts of Ghana from 2014 to 2016. Beginning May 2014, 266 HIV-infected and 510 HIV-uninfected participants age 18 to 73 years were enrolled and monitored for 12 months. We observed 4 and 11 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected persons, respectively. The overall rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza among HIV-infected participants was 15.0 per 1,000 person years (PY) (95% CI, 0.3-29.80 per 1,000 PY), whereas that among HIV-uninfected participants was 21.6 per 1,000 PY (95% CI, 8.8-34.3 per 1,000 PY) (incidence density ratio, 0.70; P = 0.56). Our study found no significant difference in the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated illness among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Balachandran
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael Ntiri
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Christabel Addo
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Elijah Edu-Quansah
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Edem Badji
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Talla Nzussouo Ndahwouh
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,MassGenics, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kwadwo Koram
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Meredith McMorrow
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William Ampofo
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Huang QS, Bandaranayake D, Wood T, Newbern EC, Seeds R, Ralston J, Waite B, Bissielo A, Prasad N, Todd A, Jelley L, Gunn W, McNicholas A, Metz T, Lawrence S, Collis E, Retter A, Wong SS, Webby R, Bocacao J, Haubrock J, Mackereth G, Turner N, McArdle B, Cameron J, Reynolds EG, Baker MG, Grant CC, McArthur C, Roberts S, Trenholme A, Wong C, Taylor S, Thomas P, Duque J, Gross D, Thompson MG, Widdowson MA. Risk Factors and Attack Rates of Seasonal Influenza Infection: Results of the Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance (SHIVERS) Seroepidemiologic Cohort Study. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:347-357. [PMID: 30016464 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the attack rate of influenza infection and the proportion who become ill by risk group is key to implementing prevention measures. While population-based studies of antihemagglutinin antibody responses have been described previously, studies examining both antihemagglutinin and antineuraminidase antibodies are lacking. Methods In 2015, we conducted a seroepidemiologic cohort study of individuals randomly selected from a population in New Zealand. We tested paired sera for hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) or neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) titers for seroconversion. We followed participants weekly and performed influenza polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for those reporting influenza-like illness (ILI). Results Influenza infection (either HAI or NAI seroconversion) was found in 321 (35% [95% confidence interval, 32%-38%]) of 911 unvaccinated participants, of whom 100 (31%) seroconverted to NAI alone. Young children and Pacific peoples experienced the highest influenza infection attack rates, but overall only a quarter of all infected reported influenza PCR-confirmed ILI, and one-quarter of these sought medical attention. Seroconversion to NAI alone was higher among children aged <5 years vs those aged ≥5 years (14% vs 4%; P < .001) and among those with influenza B vs A(H3N2) virus infections (7% vs 0.3%; P < .001). Conclusions Measurement of antineuraminidase antibodies in addition to antihemagglutinin antibodies may be important in capturing the true influenza infection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Sue Huang
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | | | - Tim Wood
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | | | - Ruth Seeds
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Jacqui Ralston
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Ben Waite
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Ange Bissielo
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Namrata Prasad
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Angela Todd
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Lauren Jelley
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | - Wendy Gunn
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | | | - Thomas Metz
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | | | - Emma Collis
- Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amanda Retter
- Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sook-San Wong
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Richard Webby
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Judy Bocacao
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Conroy Wong
- Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan Taylor
- Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul Thomas
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Diane Gross
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mark G Thompson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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11
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Emukule GO, Ndegwa LK, Washington ML, Paget JW, Duque J, Chaves SS, Otieno NA, Wamburu K, Ndigirigi IW, Muthoka PM, van der Velden K, Mott JA. The cost of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Kenya. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:471. [PMID: 32326937 PMCID: PMC6696702 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We estimated the cost-per-episode and the annual economic burden associated with influenza in Kenya. METHODS From July 2013-August 2014, we recruited patients with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) or influenza-like illness (ILI) associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza from 5 health facilities. A structured questionnaire was used to collect direct costs (medications, laboratory investigations, hospital bed fees, hospital management costs, transportation) and indirect costs (productivity losses) associated with an episode of influenza. We used published incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza associated with SARI and ILI, and the national population census data from 2014, to estimate the annual national number of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits and calculated the annual economic burden by multiplying cases by the mean cost. RESULTS We enrolled 275 patients (105 inpatients and 170 outpatients). The mean cost-per-episode of influenza was US$117.86 (standard deviation [SD], 88.04) among inpatients; US$114.25 (SD, 90.03) for children < 5 years, and US$137.45 (SD, 76.24) for persons aged ≥5 years. Among outpatients, the mean cost-per-episode of influenza was US$19.82 (SD, 27.29); US$21.49 (SD, 31.42) for children < 5 years, and US$16.79 (SD, 17.30) for persons aged ≥5 years. National annual influenza-associated cost estimates ranged from US$2.96-5.37 million for inpatients and US$5.96-26.35 million for outpatients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight influenza as causing substantial economic burden in Kenya. Further studies may be warranted to assess the potential benefit of targeted influenza vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon O Emukule
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Kenya Country Office, KEMRI Headquarters, Mbagathi Rd, Off Mbagathi Way, Village Market, P. O Box 606, Nairobi, 00621, Kenya.
| | - Linus K Ndegwa
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Kenya Country Office, KEMRI Headquarters, Mbagathi Rd, Off Mbagathi Way, Village Market, P. O Box 606, Nairobi, 00621, Kenya
| | - Michael L Washington
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John W Paget
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Primary and Community care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandra S Chaves
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Kenya Country Office, KEMRI Headquarters, Mbagathi Rd, Off Mbagathi Way, Village Market, P. O Box 606, Nairobi, 00621, Kenya.,Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nancy A Otieno
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kabura Wamburu
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Koos van der Velden
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Primary and Community care, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua A Mott
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Kenya Country Office, KEMRI Headquarters, Mbagathi Rd, Off Mbagathi Way, Village Market, P. O Box 606, Nairobi, 00621, Kenya.,Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,US Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA
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12
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Baumeister E, Duque J, Varela T, Palekar R, Couto P, Savy V, Giovacchini C, Haynes AK, Rha B, Arriola CS, Gerber SI, Azziz-Baumgartner E. Timing of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza epidemic activity in five regions of Argentina, 2007-2016. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018; 13:10-17. [PMID: 30051595 PMCID: PMC6304310 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Within‐country differences in the timing of RSV and influenza epidemics have not been assessed in Argentina, the eighth largest country in the world by area. Objective We aimed to compare seasonality for RSV and influenza both nationally and in each of the five regions to inform Argentina’s prevention and treatment guidelines. Method The Argentine National Laboratories and Health Institutes Administration collected respiratory specimens from clinical practices, outbreak investigations, and respiratory virus surveillance in 2007‐2016; these were tested using immunofluorescence or RT‐PCR techniques. We calculated weekly percent positive (PP) and defined season onset as >2 consecutive weeks when PP exceeded the annual mean for the respective year and region. Median season measures (onset, offset and peak) and the established mean method were calculated for each virus. Results An annual median 59 396 specimens were tested for RSV and 60 931 for influenza; 21–29% tested positive for RSV and 2–7% for influenza. National RSV activity began in April; region‐specific start weeks varied by 7 weeks. Duration of RSV activity did not vary widely by region (16–18 weeks in duration). National influenza activity started in June; region‐specific start weeks varied by 3 weeks. Duration of influenza epidemic activity varied more by region than that of RSV (7–13 weeks in duration). Conclusion In Argentina, RSV and influenza activity overlapped during the winter months. RSV season tended to begin prior to the influenza season, and showed more variation in start week by region. Influenza seasons tended to vary more in duration than RSV seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Baumeister
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Teresa Varela
- Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia por Laboratorio, Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia de la Salud, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rakhee Palekar
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Paula Couto
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Vilma Savy
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Amber K Haynes
- Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brian Rha
- Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carmen S Arriola
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan I Gerber
- Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.,U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
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13
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Thompson MG, Pierse N, Sue Huang Q, Prasad N, Duque J, Claire Newbern E, Baker MG, Turner N, McArthur C. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-associated intensive care admissions and attenuating severe disease among adults in New Zealand 2012–2015. Vaccine 2018; 36:5916-5925. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Talla Nzussouo N, Duque J, Adedeji AA, Coulibaly D, Sow S, Tarnagda Z, Maman I, Lagare A, Makaya S, Elkory MB, Kadjo Adje H, Shilo PA, Tamboura B, Cisse A, Badziklou K, Maïnassara HB, Bara AO, Keita AM, Williams T, Moen A, Widdowson MA, McMorrow M. Epidemiology of influenza in West Africa after the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, 2010-2012. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:745. [PMID: 29202715 PMCID: PMC5716025 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last decade, capacity for influenza surveillance and research in West Africa has strengthened. Data from these surveillance systems showed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 circulated in West Africa later than in other regions of the continent. Methods We contacted 11 West African countries to collect information about their influenza surveillance systems (number of sites, type of surveillance, sampling strategy, populations sampled, case definitions used, number of specimens collected and number of specimens positive for influenza viruses) for the time period January 2010 through December 2012. Results Of the 11 countries contacted, 8 responded: Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Togo. Countries used standard World Health Organization (WHO) case definitions for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) or slight variations thereof. There were 70 surveillance sites: 26 SARI and 44 ILI. Seven countries conducted SARI surveillance and collected 3114 specimens of which 209 (7%) were positive for influenza viruses. Among influenza-positive SARI patients, 132 (63%) were influenza A [68 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 64 influenza A(H3N2)] and 77 (37%) were influenza B. All eight countries conducted ILI surveillance and collected 20,375 specimens, of which 2278 (11%) were positive for influenza viruses. Among influenza-positive ILI patients, 1431 (63%) were influenza A [820 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 611 influenza A(H3N2)] and 847 (37%) were influenza B. A majority of SARI and ILI case-patients who tested positive for influenza (72% SARI and 59% ILI) were children aged 0–4 years, as were a majority of those enrolled in surveillance. The seasonality of influenza and the predominant influenza type or subtype varied by country and year. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 continued to circulate in West Africa along with influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B during 2010–2012. Although ILI surveillance systems produced a robust number of samples during the study period, more could be done to strengthen surveillance among hospitalized SARI case-patients. Surveillance systems captured young children but lacked data on adults and the elderly. More data on risk groups for severe influenza in West Africa are needed to help shape influenza prevention and clinical management policies and guidelines. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-017-2839-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,CTS Global Inc., California, El Segundo, USA. .,Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box LG 481, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adebayo Abel Adedeji
- National Influenza Reference Laboratory, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Daouda Coulibaly
- Institut National d'Hygiene Publique (INHP), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Samba Sow
- Centre National d'Appui à la Lutte Contre la Maladie (CNAM), Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD), Bamako, Mali
| | - Zekiba Tarnagda
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Adamou Lagare
- Centre de Recherche Médicale et Sanitaire (CERMES), Niamey, Niger
| | - Sonia Makaya
- Influenza National Reference Laboratory Lakka, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | | | | | - Paul Alhassan Shilo
- National Influenza Reference Laboratory, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Boubou Tamboura
- Centre National d'Appui à la Lutte Contre la Maladie (CNAM), Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD), Bamako, Mali
| | - Assana Cisse
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de Santé (IRSS), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | | | | | - Ahmed Ould Bara
- Institut National Recherche en Sante Publique (INRSP), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Adama Mamby Keita
- Centre National d'Appui à la Lutte Contre la Maladie (CNAM), Centre pour le Développement des Vaccins du Mali (CVD), Bamako, Mali
| | - Thelma Williams
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ann Moen
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Meredith McMorrow
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA
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15
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Duque J, Gaga S, Clark D, Muller M, Kuwane B, Cohen C, Walaza S, Tempia S, Ramatoboe P, Furumele T, Widdowson MA, McMorrow ML, Cohen AL. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of South African healthcare workers regarding the prevention and treatment of influenza among HIV-infected individuals. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173983. [PMID: 28301593 PMCID: PMC5354408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The South African Department of Health (DOH) publishes annual guidelines identifying priority groups, including immunosuppressed individuals and healthcare workers (HCW), for influenza vaccination and treatment. How these guidelines have impacted HCW and their patients, particularly those infected with HIV, remains unknown. Methods We aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding influenza and the vaccine among South African HCW. Surveys were distributed by two local non-governmental organizations in public health clinics and hospitals in 21 districts/municipalities (5 of 9 provinces). Results There were 1164 respondents; median age 41 years; 978/1126 (87%) female; 801/1122 (71%) nurses. One-third (34%) of HCW reported getting influenza vaccine 2013/2014 and most (94%) recommended influenza vaccine to patients infected with HIV. Ability to get vaccine free of charge (aOR 1.69; 95% CI 1.21–2.37) and having received influenza government training (aOR 1.50; 95% CI 1.04–2.15) were significantly associated with self-reported vaccination in 2013/2014. Self-reported 2013/2014 vaccination (aOR 3.76; 95% CI 1.28–11.03) and availability of influenza vaccine during the healthcare visit (aOR 2.56; 95% CI 1.18–5.57) were significantly associated with recommending influenza vaccine to patients infected with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion Only one-third of participants were vaccinated in 2013–2014 but those who were vaccinated were more likely to recommend vaccination to their patients. Free and close access to influenza vaccine were associated with a higher likelihood of getting vaccinated in 2013/2014. HCW who reported getting the influenza vaccine themselves, had vaccine to offer during the patient consult and were familiar with DOH guidelines/trainings were more likely to recommend vaccine to HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Duque
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - David Clark
- The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Cheryl Cohen
- Centre for Respiratory Disease and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sibongile Walaza
- Centre for Respiratory Disease and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stefano Tempia
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Centre for Respiratory Disease and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Puleng Ramatoboe
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tsakani Furumele
- National Department of Health, South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Meredith L. McMorrow
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
- United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adam L. Cohen
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention- South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
- United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
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Grandjean J, Derosiere G, Vassiliadis P, Quemener L, de Wilde Y, Duque J. Validation of a double-coil TMS method to assess corticospinal excitability. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Ntiri MP, Duque J, McMorrow ML, Frimpong JA, Parbie P, Badji E, Nzussouo NT, Benson EM, Adjabeng M, Dueger E, Widdowson MA, Dawood FS, Koram K, Ampofo W. Incidence of medically attended influenza among residents of Shai-Osudoku and Ningo-Prampram Districts, Ghana, May 2013 - April 2015. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:757. [PMID: 27964716 PMCID: PMC5155389 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-2078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization for high risk groups, yet few data exist on influenza disease burden in West Africa. Methods We estimated medically attended influenza-associated illness rates among residents of Shai-Osudoku and Ningo Pram-Pram Districts (SONPD), Ghana. From May 2013 to April 2015, we conducted prospective surveillance for severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and influenza-like illness (ILI) in 17 health facilities. In 2015, we conducted a retrospective assessment at an additional 18 health facilities to capture all SONPD SARI and ILI patients during the study period. We applied positivity rates to those not tested to estimate total influenza cases. Results Of 612 SARI patients tested, 58 (9%) were positive for influenza. The estimated incidence of influenza-associated SARI was 30 per 100,000 persons (95% CI: 13-84). Children aged 0 to 4 years had the highest influenza-associated SARI incidence (135 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 120-152) and adults aged 25 to 44 years had the lowest (3 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 1-7) (p < 0.01). Of 2,322 ILI patients tested, 407 (18%) were positive for influenza. The estimated incidence of influenza-associated ILI was 844 per 100,000 persons (95% CI: 501-1,099). The highest incidence of influenza-associated ILI was also among children aged 0 to 4 years (3,448 per 100,000 persons, 95% CI: 3,727 – 3,898). The predominant circulating subtype during May to December 2013 and January to April 2015 was influenza A(H3N2) virus, and during 2014 influenza B virus was the predominant circulating type. Conclusions Influenza accounted for 9% and 18% of medically attended SARI and ILI, respectively. Rates were substantive among young children and suggest the potential value of exploring the benefits of influenza vaccination in Ghana, particularly in this age group. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2078-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Preko Ntiri
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Battelle Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. .,Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
| | - Meredith L McMorrow
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.,U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Prince Parbie
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Edem Badji
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.,CTS Global Inc, El Segundo, California, USA
| | - Eve-Marie Benson
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Erica Dueger
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Fatimah S Dawood
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS-A32, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.,U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kwadwo Koram
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - William Ampofo
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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McAnerney JM, Walaza S, Cohen AL, Tempia S, Buys A, Venter M, Blumberg L, Duque J, Cohen C. Effectiveness and knowledge, attitudes and practices of seasonal influenza vaccine in primary healthcare settings in South Africa, 2010-2013. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2016; 9:143-50. [PMID: 25677874 PMCID: PMC4415698 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and coverage data for sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. Using a test-negative case–control design, we estimated influenza VE annually among individuals with influenza-like illness presenting to an outpatient sentinel surveillance programme in South Africa from 2010 to 2013. A knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) influenza vaccine survey of programme clinicians was conducted in 2013. Sample In total, 9420 patients were enrolled in surveillance of whom 5344 (56.7%) were included in the VE analysis: 2678 (50.1%) were classified as controls (influenza test-negative) and 2666 (49.9%) as cases (influenza test-positive). Results Mean annual influenza vaccine coverage among controls was 4.5% for the four years. Annual VE estimates adjusted for age, underlying medical conditions and seasonality for 2010-2013 were 54.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–78.6%), 57.1% (95% CI: 15.5–78.2%), 38.4% (95% CI: −71.7–78.1%) and 87.2% (95% CI: 67.2–95.0%), respectively. The KAP survey showed that >90% of clinicians were familiar with the indications for and the benefits of influenza vaccination. Conclusions Our study showed that the vaccine was significantly protective in 2010, 2011 and 2013, but not in 2012 when the circulating A(H3N2) strain showed genetic drift. Vaccine coverage was low despite good clinician knowledge of vaccination indications. Further studies are needed to investigate the reason for the low uptake of influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M McAnerney
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) of the National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), Johannesburg, South Africa
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McMorrow ML, Emukule GO, Njuguna HN, Bigogo G, Montgomery JM, Nyawanda B, Audi A, Breiman RF, Katz MA, Cosmas L, Waiboci LW, Duque J, Widdowson MA, Mott JA. The Unrecognized Burden of Influenza in Young Kenyan Children, 2008-2012. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138272. [PMID: 26379030 PMCID: PMC4574572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza-associated disease burden among children in tropical sub-Saharan Africa is not well established, particularly outside of the 2009 pandemic period. We estimated the burden of influenza in children aged 0–4 years through population-based surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRI). Household members meeting ILI or ALRI case definitions were referred to health facilities for evaluation and collection of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for influenza testing by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Estimates were adjusted for health-seeking behavior and those with ILI and ALRI who were not tested. During 2008–2012, there were 9,652 person-years of surveillance among children aged 0–4 years. The average adjusted rate of influenza-associated hospitalization was 4.3 (95% CI 3.0–6.0) per 1,000 person-years in children aged 0–4 years. Hospitalization rates were highest in the 0–5 month and 6–23 month age groups, at 7.6 (95% CI 3.2–18.2) and 8.4 (95% CI 5.4–13.0) per 1,000 person-years, respectively. The average adjusted rate of influenza-associated medically attended (inpatient or outpatient) ALRI in children aged 0–4 years was 17.4 (95% CI 14.2–19.7) per 1,000 person-years. Few children who had severe laboratory-confirmed influenza were clinically diagnosed with influenza by the treating clinician in the inpatient (0/33, 0%) or outpatient (1/109, 0.9%) settings. Influenza-associated hospitalization rates from 2008–2012 were 5–10 times higher than contemporaneous U.S. estimates. Many children with danger signs were not hospitalized; thus, influenza-associated severe disease rates in Kenyan children are likely higher than hospital-based estimates suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. McMorrow
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Gideon O. Emukule
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Henry N. Njuguna
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Godfrey Bigogo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Joel M. Montgomery
- United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bryan Nyawanda
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Allan Audi
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Robert F. Breiman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
- Emory Global Health Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Katz
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Leonard Cosmas
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lilian W. Waiboci
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Battelle, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Joshua A. Mott
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- United States Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya Country Office, Nairobi, Kenya
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Estévez-Hernández O, Duque J, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Reguera E. Dinuclear and polymeric Hg(II) complexes with 1-(2-furoyl)thiourea derivatives: Their crystal structure and related properties. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Quoilin C, Duque J. SY19-4DEFICIENT MOTOR INHIBITORY MECHANISMS IN ALCOHOL-DEPENDENCE: A TMS STUDY. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv076.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Quoilin C, Wilhelm E, Casier F, de Timary P, Maurage P, Duque J. P-57DEFICIENT MOTOR INHIBITORY MECHANISMS IN ALCOHOL-DEPENDENCE: A TMS STUDY. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv080.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gil DM, Defonsi Lestard ME, Estévez-Hernández O, Duque J, Reguera E. Quantum chemical studies on molecular structure, spectroscopic (IR, Raman, UV-Vis), NBO and HOMO-LUMO analysis of 1-benzyl-3-(2-furoyl) thiourea. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 145:553-562. [PMID: 25801444 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational and electronic spectra for 1-benzyl-3-(2-furoyl) thiourea were calculated by using density functional method (B3LYP) with different basis sets. The complete assignment of all vibrational modes was performed on basis of the calculated frequencies and comparing with the reported IR and Raman spectra for that thiourea derivative. UV-visible absorption spectra of the compound dissolved in methanol were recorded and analyzed using time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The calculated values for the geometrical parameters of the title compound are consistent with the ones reported from XRD studies. The stability of the molecule, related to hyper-conjugative interactions, and electron delocalization were evaluated using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Intra-molecular interactions were studied by AIM approach. The HOMO and LUMO analysis are used to determine the charge transfer within the molecule. Molecular electrostatic potential map was performed by the DFT method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego M Gil
- INQUINOA-UNT-CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 456, T4000CAN, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - M E Defonsi Lestard
- INQUINOA-UNT-CONICET, Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 456, T4000CAN, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - O Estévez-Hernández
- IMRE, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba; CICATA-IPN, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología de Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, México, DF, Mexico
| | - J Duque
- IMRE, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata y G, Vedado, La Habana, Cuba; CICATA-IPN, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología de Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, México, DF, Mexico
| | - E Reguera
- CICATA-IPN, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología de Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Legaria 694, México, DF, Mexico
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Gracia-Calvo LA, Duque J, Balao da Silva C, Ezquerra J, Ortega-Ferrusola C. Testicular perfusion after standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty in stallions. Theriogenology 2015; 84:797-804. [PMID: 26116054 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acquired inguinal herniation is a very common condition in stallions, usually leading to unilateral or bilateral castration to prevent future recurrence. Recently, several surgical techniques such as the standing laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty (SLPFH) have been developed to avoid herniation recurrence and also preserve the breeding activity of high economic value stallions. However, studies on SLPFH lack more comprehensive and systematic data about reproductive-related adverse effects and outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether SLPFH of the internal inguinal rings produces changes in the testicular blood flow in a 1-year follow-up. For that purpose, six healthy stallions were used and testicular blood flow was assessed before, 3, 6, and 12 months (T0, T3, T6, and T12) after the procedure. Blood flow was evaluated ultrasonographically, using the pulsed-wave color Doppler mode. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, the time-averaged maximum velocity, and the derived indexes (resistive index) and pulsatility index) of the testicular artery were measured in two localizations: in the spermatic cord and on the caudal epididymal edge of the testicle. On the spermatic cord, the peak systolic velocity of the testicular artery increased significantly at T12. However, on the epididymal edge location of the artery, the pulsatility and resistive indexes were decreased at T12 (P < 0.05). This pattern of blood flow was related to a hyperemic process. Furthermore, SLPFH might have compressed the spermatic cord, causing a slight occlusion of the testicular artery and triggering a compensatory hyperemia to compensate the deficit of blood flow that supplies the testes. The SLPFH of the internal inguinal ring affected the testicular perfusion in stallions in a 1 year follow-up, although there was no effect on sperm production during this time. The spectral Doppler ultrasound is a useful tool to asses the testicular perfusion after reproductive surgical procedure and provides information which anticipates vascular supply compromise of the stallion testicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Duque
- Department of Animal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - C Balao da Silva
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J Ezquerra
- Department of Animal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - C Ortega-Ferrusola
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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McMorrow ML, Wemakoy EO, Tshilobo JK, Emukule GO, Mott JA, Njuguna H, Waiboci L, Heraud JM, Rajatonirina S, Razanajatovo NH, Chilombe M, Everett D, Heyderman RS, Barakat A, Nyatanyi T, Rukelibuga J, Cohen AL, Cohen C, Tempia S, Thomas J, Venter M, Mwakapeje E, Mponela M, Lutwama J, Duque J, Lafond K, Nzussouo NT, Williams T, Widdowson MA. Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Role of Influenza: A Case Series From 8 Countries. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:853-60. [PMID: 25712970 PMCID: PMC4826902 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Data on causes of death due to respiratory illness in Africa are limited. Methods. From January to April 2013, 28 African countries were invited to participate in a review of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI)–associated deaths identified from influenza surveillance during 2009–2012. Results. Twenty-three countries (82%) responded, 11 (48%) collect mortality data, and 8 provided data. Data were collected from 37 714 SARI cases, and 3091 (8.2%; range by country, 5.1%–25.9%) tested positive for influenza virus. There were 1073 deaths (2.8%; range by country, 0.1%–5.3%) reported, among which influenza virus was detected in 57 (5.3%). Case-fatality proportion (CFP) was higher among countries with systematic death reporting than among those with sporadic reporting. The influenza-associated CFP was 1.8% (57 of 3091), compared with 2.9% (1016 of 34 623) for influenza virus–negative cases (P < .001). Among 834 deaths (77.7%) tested for other respiratory pathogens, rhinovirus (107 [12.8%]), adenovirus (64 [6.0%]), respiratory syncytial virus (60 [5.6%]), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (57 [5.3%]) were most commonly identified. Among 1073 deaths, 402 (37.5%) involved people aged 0–4 years, 462 (43.1%) involved people aged 5–49 years, and 209 (19.5%) involved people aged ≥50 years. Conclusions. Few African countries systematically collect data on outcomes of people hospitalized with respiratory illness. Stronger surveillance for deaths due to respiratory illness may identify risk groups for targeted vaccine use and other prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L McMorrow
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Joshua A Mott
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya, Nairobi
| | - Henry Njuguna
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya, Nairobi
| | - Lilian Waiboci
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Kenya, Nairobi
| | | | | | | | - Moses Chilombe
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre
| | - Dean Everett
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre
| | - Robert S Heyderman
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre
| | | | - Thierry Nyatanyi
- Division of Epidemic Infectious Diseases, Rwanda Biomedical Center
| | | | - Adam L Cohen
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-South Africa
| | - Cheryl Cohen
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stefano Tempia
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-South Africa
| | - Juno Thomas
- Outbreak Response Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases
| | - Marietjie Venter
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-South Africa Zoonoses Research Unit, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis
| | - Elibariki Mwakapeje
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Ministry of Health and Social Welfare-Tanzania
| | - Marcelina Mponela
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare-Tanzania Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
| | - Julius Lutwama
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Tanzania, Dar es Salaam Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe
| | - Jazmin Duque
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Battelle, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kathryn Lafond
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ndahwouh Talla Nzussouo
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Thelma Williams
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Duque J, McMorrow ML, Cohen AL. Influenza vaccines and influenza antiviral drugs in Africa: are they available and do guidelines for their use exist? BMC Public Health 2014; 14:41. [PMID: 24433304 PMCID: PMC3898391 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality in Africa, particularly among high-risk groups, but influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs may not be commonly available and used. The main aim of this study was to determine the availability and use of influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs as well as to describe existing related guidelines and policies in Africa. Methods A self-administered survey was distributed among key influenza experts in 40 African countries. Results Of the 40 countries surveyed, 31 (78%) responded; 14/31 (45%) reported availability of seasonal influenza vaccine, and 19/31 (65%) reported availability of antiviral drugs for the treatment of influenza. Vaccine coverage data were only available for 4/14 (29%) countries that reported availability of seasonal influenza vaccine and ranged from <0.5% to 2% of the population. Conclusions Influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs are available in many countries in Africa but coverage estimates are low and remain largely unknown. Describing the local burden of disease and identifying funding are essential to encourage countries to use influenza vaccine more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Duque
- International Epidemiology and Research Team, Epidemiology Branch, Influenza Division, U,S, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS-A32, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Radin JM, Katz MA, Tempia S, Talla Nzussouo N, Davis R, Duque J, Adedeji A, Adjabeng MJ, Ampofo WK, Ayele W, Bakamutumaho B, Barakat A, Cohen AL, Cohen C, Dalhatu IT, Daouda C, Dueger E, Francisco M, Heraud JM, Jima D, Kabanda A, Kadjo H, Kandeel A, Bi Shamamba SK, Kasolo F, Kronmann KC, Mazaba Liwewe ML, Lutwama JJ, Matonya M, Mmbaga V, Mott JA, Muhimpundu MA, Muthoka P, Njuguna H, Randrianasolo L, Refaey S, Sanders C, Talaat M, Theo A, Valente F, Venter M, Woodfill C, Bresee J, Moen A, Widdowson MA. Influenza surveillance in 15 countries in Africa, 2006-2010. J Infect Dis 2013; 206 Suppl 1:S14-21. [PMID: 23169960 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the potential threat of an influenza pandemic, several international institutions and governments, in partnership with African countries, invested in the development of epidemiologic and laboratory influenza surveillance capacity in Africa and the African Network of Influenza Surveillance and Epidemiology (ANISE) was formed. METHODS We used a standardized form to collect information on influenza surveillance system characteristics, the number and percent of influenza-positive patients with influenza-like illness (ILI), or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and virologic data from countries participating in ANISE. RESULTS Between 2006 and 2010, the number of ILI and SARI sites in 15 African countries increased from 21 to 127 and from 2 to 98, respectively. Children 0-4 years accounted for 48% of all ILI and SARI cases of which 22% and 10%, respectively, were positive for influenza. Influenza peaks were generally discernible in North and South Africa. Substantial cocirculation of influenza A and B occurred most years. CONCLUSIONS Influenza is a major cause of respiratory illness in Africa, especially in children. Further strengthening influenza surveillance, along with conducting special studies on influenza burden, cost of illness, and role of other respiratory pathogens will help detect novel influenza viruses and inform and develop targeted influenza prevention policy decisions in the region.
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Bányai K, László B, Duque J, Steele AD, Nelson EAS, Gentsch JR, Parashar UD. Systematic review of regional and temporal trends in global rotavirus strain diversity in the pre rotavirus vaccine era: insights for understanding the impact of rotavirus vaccination programs. Vaccine 2012; 30 Suppl 1:A122-30. [PMID: 22520121 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, two rotavirus vaccines have been recommended for routine immunization of infants worldwide. These vaccines proved efficacious during clinical trials and field use in both developing and developed countries, and appear to provide good protection against a range of rotavirus genotypes, including some that are not included in the vaccines. However, since conclusive data that the vaccines will protect against a wide variety of rotavirus strains are still lacking and since vaccines may exert some selection pressure, a detailed picture of global strain prevalence from the pre-rotavirus vaccine era is important to evaluate any potential changes in circulating strains observed after widespread introduction of rotavirus vaccines. Thus, we systematically reviewed rotavirus genotyping studies spanning a 12-year period from 1996 to 2007. In total, ~110,000 strains were genotyped from 100 reporting countries. Five genotypes (G1-G4, and G9) accounted for 88% of all strains, although extensive geographic and temporal differences were observed. For example, the prevalence of G1 strains declined from 2000 onward, while G3 strains re-emerged, and G9 and G12 strains emerged during the same period. When crude strain prevalence data were weighted by region based on the region's contribution to global rotavirus mortality, the importance of genotypes G1 and G9 strains that were more prevalent in regions with low mortality was reduced and conversely the importance of G8 strains that were more prevalent in African settings with greater contribution to global rotavirus mortality was increased. This study provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date information on rotavirus strain surveillance in the pre-rotavirus vaccine era and will provide useful background to examine the impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on future strain prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Bányai
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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Tate JE, Burton AH, Boschi-Pinto C, Steele AD, Duque J, Parashar UD. 2008 estimate of worldwide rotavirus-associated mortality in children younger than 5 years before the introduction of universal rotavirus vaccination programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2012; 12:136-41. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 972] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Estévez-Hernández O, Duque J, Reguera E. Structural features of 1-furoylthioureas 3-monosubstituted and 3,3-disubstituted: coordination to cadmium and analytical applications. J Sulphur Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2011.566926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Estévez-Hernández
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE) , Universidad de La Habana , Havana , Cuba
- b Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología de Avanzada , Mexico City , México
| | - J. Duque
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE) , Universidad de La Habana , Havana , Cuba
| | - E. Reguera
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE) , Universidad de La Habana , Havana , Cuba
- b Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología de Avanzada , Mexico City , México
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Duque J, Estévez O, Jancik V, Yee-Madeira H. Redetermination of 1-cyclo-hexyl-3-(2-furo-yl)thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o1106. [PMID: 21579158 PMCID: PMC2979067 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810013693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C12H16N2O2S, was synthesized from furoyl isothiocyanate and cyclohexylamine in dry acetone, and the crystal structure redetermined. The thiourea group is in the thioamide form. The structure [Otazo-Sánchez et al. (2001 ▶). J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, pp. 2211–2218] has been redetermined in order to establish the intra- and intermolecular interactions. The trans–cis geometry of the thiourea group is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl and cis-thioamide groups, resulting in a pseudo-S(6) planar ring which makes a dihedral angle of 3.24 (6)° with the 2-furoyl group and a torsion angle of −84.3 (2)° with the cyclohexyl group. There is also an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the furan O atom and the other thioamide H atom. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [010].
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Duque J, Macías-García B, Tapia PR, Ferrusola CO, Zaragoza C, Barrera R, Peña F. Two unusual cases of canine prostatitis: prostatitis in a castrated dog and preputial oedema in an intact male. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 45:e199-200. [PMID: 19788524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two unusual presentations of canine prostatitis are described; in the first case a 10-years-old neutered Boxer dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Extremadura with a complaint of anorexia, apathy and preputial discharge. In the second case, a local veterinarian referred an 8-years-old male Labrador to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Extremadura. The dog had a history of pain in the caudal abdomen and preputial oedema. The final diagnosis in both cases was acute prostatitis. It is concluded that although canine prostatitis is a common disease, sometimes can have presentations that may differ from those classically described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Duque
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avd de la Universidad s / n Cáceres, Spain
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Duque J, Estévez-Hernández O, Reguera E, Ellena J, Corrêa RS. Synthesis, characterization, and single crystal X-ray structure of the 1-furoyl-3-cyclohexylthiourea cadmium chloride complex, Cd[C4H3OC(O)NHC(S)NHC6H11]4Cl2. J COORD CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970902926795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Duque
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE), Laboratorio de Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad de la Habana , Zapata y G, San Lázaro s/n Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, 10400, Cuba
| | - O. Estévez-Hernández
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE), Laboratorio de Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad de la Habana , Zapata y G, San Lázaro s/n Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, 10400, Cuba
- b Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada-Unidad Legaria, IPN , México, D.F
| | - E. Reguera
- a Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE), Laboratorio de Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad de la Habana , Zapata y G, San Lázaro s/n Vedado, Ciudad de La Habana, 10400, Cuba
- b Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada-Unidad Legaria, IPN , México, D.F
| | - J. Ellena
- c Grupo de Cristalografia, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo , São Carlos, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo S. Corrêa
- c Grupo de Cristalografia, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo , São Carlos, Brasil
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Theodoro JE, Estévez-Hernández O, Ellena J, Duque J, Corrêa RS. 1-Furoyl-3-[3-(trifluoro-meth-yl)phen-yl]thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o1012. [PMID: 21583835 PMCID: PMC2977699 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809013038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C13H9F3N2O2S, crystallizes with two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The central thiourea core is roughly coplanar with the furan and benzene rings, showing O—C—N—C(S) torsion angles of 2.3 (4) and −11.4 (2)° and (S)C—N—C—C torsion angles of −2.4 (4) and −28.8 (4)°, respectively, in the two independent molecules. The trans–cis geometry of the thiourea fragment is stabilized by an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the H atom of the cis thioamide and the carbonyl O atom. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds form centrosymmetric dimers extending along the b axis.
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Estévez-Hernández O, Duque J, Pérez H, Santos S, Mascarenhas Y. N-(2-Furo-yl)-N'-(2-pyrid-yl)thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o929-30. [PMID: 21582630 PMCID: PMC2968930 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809011301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C(11)H(9)N(3)O(2)S, crystallizes with two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The central thio-urea core makes dihedral angles of -3.3 (3) and 0.6 (3)° with the furan carbonyl groups in each mol-ecule, whereas the pyridine ring is inclined by 4.63 (2) and 11.28 (7)°, respectively. The trans-cis geometry of the thio-urea fragment is stabilized by an intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond between the H atom of the cis-thio-amide group and the pyridine N atom. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular bifurcated N-H⋯S and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form centrosymmetric tetra-mers extending along the b axis.
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Estévez-Hernández O, Corrêa RS, Ellena J, Duque J. Redetermination of 1-benzyl-3-furoyl-1-phenyl-thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o648. [PMID: 21582296 PMCID: PMC2968693 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808044085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 12/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The title compound, C(19)H(16)N(2)O(2)S, was synthesized from furoyl isothio-cyanate and N-benzyl-aniline in dry acetone and the structure redetermined. The structure [Otazo-Sánchez et al. (2001 ▶). J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, pp. 2211-2218] has been re-determined in order to establish the intramolecular and intermolecular inter-actions. The thio-urea group is in the thio-amide form. The thio-urea group makes a dihedral angle of 29.2 (6)° with the furoyl group. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming one-dimensional chains along the a axis. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond is also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Estévez-Hernández
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
| | - Rodrigo S. Corrêa
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - J. Ellena
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - J. Duque
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
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Duque J, Estévez-Hernández O, Mascarenhas Y, Ellena J, Corrêa RS. N-(2-Furylcarbon-yl)piperidine-1-carbo-thio-amide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1457. [PMID: 21203171 PMCID: PMC2962087 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808020977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C(11)H(14)N(2)O(2)S, was synthesized from furoyl isothio-cyanate and piperidine in dry acetone. The thio-urea group is in the thio-amide form. The thio-urea group makes a dihedral angle of 53.9 (1)° with the furan carbonyl group. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming one-dimensional chains along the c axis. An intramolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond is also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Duque
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
| | - O. Estévez-Hernández
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
| | - Yvonne Mascarenhas
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - J. Ellena
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Corrêa
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
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Müller AMS, Duque J, Shizuru JA, Lübbert M. Complementing mutations in core binding factor leukemias: from mouse models to clinical applications. Oncogene 2008; 27:5759-73. [PMID: 18604246 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A great proportion of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) display cytogenetic abnormalities including chromosomal aberrations and/or submicroscopic mutations. These abnormalities significantly influence the prognosis of the disease. Hence, a thorough genetic work-up is an essential constituent of standard diagnostic procedures. Core binding factor (CBF) leukemias denote AMLs with chromosomal aberrations disrupting one of the CBF transcription factor genes; the most common examples are translocation t(8;21) and inversion inv(16), which result in the generation of the AML1-ETO and CBFbeta-MYH11 fusion proteins, respectively. However, in murine models, these alterations alone do not suffice to generate full-blown leukemia, but rather, complementary events are required. In fact, a substantial proportion of primary CBF leukemias display additional activating mutations, mostly of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) c-KIT. The awareness of the impact and prognostic relevance of these 'second hits' is increasing with a wider range of mutations tested in clinical trials. Furthermore, novel agents targeting RTKs are emanating rapidly and entering therapeutic regimens. Here, we present a concise review on complementing mutations in CBF leukemias including pathophysiology, mouse models, and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M S Müller
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Baden Wuerttemberg, Freiburg, Germany
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Corrêa RS, Estévez-Hernández O, Ellena J, Duque J. 1-(2-Furo-yl)-3-(o-tol-yl)thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1414. [PMID: 21203133 PMCID: PMC2962048 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C(13)H(12)N(2)O(2)S, was synthesized from furoyl isothio-cyanate and o-toluidine in dry acetone. The thio-urea group is in the thio-amide form. The central thio-urea fragment makes dihedral angles of 2.6 (1) and 22.4 (1)° with the ketofuran group and the benzene ring, respectively. The mol-ecular structure is stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetrically related mol-ecules are linked by a pair of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds to form a dimer with an R(2) (2)(6) ring motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S. Corrêa
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - O. Estévez-Hernández
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
| | - J. Ellena
- Grupo de Cristalografía, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - J. Duque
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Materials, University of Havana, Cuba
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Estévez-Hernández O, Duque J, Ellena J, Corrêa RS. 1-Furfuryl-3-furoylthio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1157. [PMID: 21202665 PMCID: PMC2961436 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808015250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C11H10N2O3S, was synthesized from furoyl isothiocyanate and furfurylamine in dry acetone. The thiourea group is in the thioamide form. The trans–cis geometry of the thiourea group is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl and cis-thioamide and results in a pseudo-S(6) planar ring which makes dihedral angles of 2.5 (3) and 88.1 (2)° with the furoyl and furfuryl groups, respectively. There is also an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the furan O atom and the other thioamide H atom. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by two intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming dimers. These dimers are stacked within the crystal structure along the [010] direction.
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Duque J, Estevez-Hernandez O, Reguera E, Corrêa RS, Gutierrez Maria P. 1-(2-Furo-yl)-3-(1-naphth-yl)thio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1068. [PMID: 21202587 PMCID: PMC2961410 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808012208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C16H12N2O2S, the carbonylthiourea group forms dihedral angles of 75.4 (1) and 13.1 (2)°, respectively, with the naphthalene ring system and furan ring. The molecule adopts a trans–cis configuration with respect to the positions of the furoyl and naphthyl groups relative to the S atom across the thiourea C—N bonds. This geometry is stabilized by an N—H⋯·O intramolecular hydrogen bond. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked by N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric dimers which are interlinked through C—H⋯π interactions.
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Duque J, Mazzocchio R, Stefan K, Hummel F, Olivier E, Cohen LG. Memory Formation in the Motor Cortex Ipsilateral to a Training Hand. Cereb Cortex 2007; 18:1395-406. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhm173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laryngeal transplantation is a possibility for patients with irreversible laryngeal disease, such as complex trauma and larynx cancer. The objective of performing this procedure was to solve problems that these patients face with a laryngectomy. The medical literature has reviews about larynx transplantations, but almost nothing about the larynx donor. The following is our experience on management of these donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Selection criteria was as follows: (1) 18-50 years old; (2) gender and ABO blood type matched between donor and recipient; (3) No abuse of tobacco, cocaine, and marijuana, (4) tracheal intubation time <3 days; and (5) time in the intensive care unit <7 days. The preservation was simple hypothermia with larynx infusion via the carotid artery with University of Wisconsin solution. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2006, we managed 25 donors, among whom 12 grafts were discarded. The 13 larynx donors were of average age 27.2 +- 7.9 years and their cause of death was head trauma. Each was of male and 12 were multiorgan donors. Three donors had previous consumption of tobacco and 2 donors of marijuana. There were 2 cases of acute rejection episodes. Graft survival rate at 2 years was 90%. DISCUSSION These donors may have differences from other multiorgan donors: (1) they do not require strict fluid management; (2) vasoactive agents may be used in higher doses than in organ donors, and (3) the larynx tolerates hemodynamic instability. It was necessary to use some donors who had used addictive substances, showing that some selection criteria may be flexible. There was no conflict between thoracic surgeons and larynx surgeons. The priority always was for life-saving organs. Family consent was sometimes difficult because of the retrieval times and body donor reconstruction. The larynx surgery retrieval demanded an additional 2-5 hours during routine multiorgan donor surgery, and always the family asked about body reconstruction. The body appearance was always preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Duque
- Department of Transplantation, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Columbia.
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Chabás A, Duque J, Gort L. A new infantile case of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency. Cardiomyopathy as a presenting symptom. J Inherit Metab Dis 2007; 30:108. [PMID: 17171432 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-006-0470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Revised: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency is a lysosomal disorder with clinically very different infantile and adult forms. To date, 12 patients from eight families are known. Neuroaxonal dystrophy or moderate psychomotor retardation, without visceral involvement, have been reported in the infantile form. We describe a new Spanish patient with Schindler disease who presented with hepatomegaly and cardiomyopathy, traits not previously associated with this disease. There was no dysmorphism or neurological involvement in the patient, who died at the age of 8 months. alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase activity was reduced in fibroblasts and liver to 1.6% and 0.57% of controls, respectively. Several lysosomal enzyme activities associated with infantile cardiomyopathy were found in the normal ranges. The patient was a compound heterozygote for the novel mutation p.D217N (c.649G>A) in exon 6 and the already reported mutation p.E325K (c.973G>A) in exon 8. The description of this new case broadens the clinical spectrum of the infantile forms and indicates that Schindler disease should be considered in the diagnosis of metabolic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chabás
- Institut de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Clínic, Corporació Sanitària Clínic C/Mejía Lequerica, s/n, Edifici Helios III, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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45
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Corral RS, Iñiguez MA, Duque J, López-Pérez R, Fresno M. Bombesin induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression through the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells and enhances cell migration in Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2006; 26:958-69. [PMID: 16909108 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), the gastrin-release peptide (GRP) and its cognate receptor (GRP-R) are overexpressed in a significant percentage of colorectal carcinomas and are associated with cell growth, invasiveness and tumor progression. However, a molecular link between all of them in adenocarcinomas has not been established. Here, we show that bombesin (BBS), a GRP homolog, stimulates the expression of Cox-2 mRNA and protein in human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells, resulting in enhanced release of prostaglandin E(2). These effects were markedly inhibited by the specific BBS antagonist RC-3940-II. BBS promotes the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) through a Ca(2+)/calcineurin (Cn)-linked pathway. Upon BBS stimulation, the NFATc1 isoform translocates into the nucleus with a concomitant increase in NFATc1 binding to two specific recognition sites in the promoter region of the Cox-2 gene. Furthermore, inhibition of Cn activity by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A impaired NFAT activation and diminished Cox-2 expression in BBS-stimulated cells. Interestingly, BBS pretreatment strongly enhances the invasive capacity of carcinoma cells, effect which was inhibited by a Cox-2-specific inhibitor. These findings provide the first evidence for the involvement of the Ca(2+)/Cn/NFAT pathway in BBS-mediated induction of genes involved in colon carcinoma invasiveness such as Cox-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Corral
- Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Pena FJ, Gines JA, Duque J, Vieitez V, Martinez-Pérez R, Madejón L, Nuñez Martinez I, Moran JM, Fernández-García S. Endometrial adenocarcinoma and mucometra in a 6-year-old Alaska Malamute dog. Reprod Domest Anim 2006; 41:189-90. [PMID: 16519728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old female Alaska Malamute dog was presented for evaluation of abdominal enlargement referred by a local veterinarian. On the history, the owner complained of chronic abdominal enlargement initiated more than 4 months ago, reduced appetite, occasional vomiting and general dullness. He also complained of greenish mucous intermittent vaginal discharge starting 10 days ago. The bitch was chronically treated with medroxiprogesterone acetate. A laparatomy was performed and fluid in the abdomen was found and aspirated during the surgery. Also a very fluid-filled distended uterus and a mass in the distal part of the left uterine horn were found. The mass was encapsulated by the omentum, but areas of necrosis and calcification were identified. Histopathological diagnosis was endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Pena
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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47
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Arias LF, Duque E, Ocampo C, Henao J, Zuluaga G, Varela G, Carvajal J, Duque J, Robledo-Villegas M, Arbeláez M. Detection of Amastigotes of Trypanosoma Cruzi in a Kidney Graft With Acute Dysfunction. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:885-7. [PMID: 16647498 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We described a case of allograft kidney dysfunction associated with renal parenchymal infection with amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi. The patient was diagnosed as being chronically infected prior to transplantation. The infection was probably acquired by blood transfusion. He could not complete antiparasitic treatment due to drug toxicity. He was transplanted from a cadaver who showed a negative test for Chagas' disease. One year after transplantation the serum creatinine progressively increased. Histological examination of renal biopsy revealed intracytoplasmic amastigotes of T cruzi. No evidence of other specific alterations in the graft was detected. It was unknown whether graft dysfunction was only due to parasitic infection. The present case confirmed that T cruzi can infect kidney grafts and that immunosuppression in kidney transplantation is potentially a cause of dissemination of Chagas' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Arias
- Department of Pathology, Hospital San Vicente de Paul, Medellín, Colombia.
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48
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Davare M, Duque J, Vandermeeren Y, Thonnard JL, Olivier E. Role of the Ipsilateral Primary Motor Cortex in Controlling the Timing of Hand Muscle Recruitment. Cereb Cortex 2006; 17:353-62. [PMID: 16525129 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhj152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise contribution of the ipsilateral primary motor cortex (iM1) to hand movements remains controversial. To address this issue, we elicited transient virtual lesions of iM1 by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in healthy subjects performing either a grip-lift task or a step-tracking task with their right dominant hand. We found that, irrespective of the task, a virtual lesion of iM1 altered the timing of the muscle recruitment. In the grip-lift task, this led to a less coordinated sequence of grip and lift movements and in the step-tracking task, to a perturbation of the movement trajectory. In the step-tracking task, we have demonstrated that disrupting iM1 activity may, depending on the TMS delay, either advance or delay the muscle recruitment. The present study suggests that iM1 plays a critical role in hand movements by contributing to the setting of the muscle recruitment timing, most likely through either inhibitory or facilitatory transcallosal influences onto the contralateral M1 (cM1). iM1 would therefore contribute to shape precisely the muscular command originating from cM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Davare
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Duque J, Mazzocchio R, Dambrosia J, Murase N, Olivier E, Cohen LG. Kinematically Specific Interhemispheric Inhibition Operating in the Process of Generation of a Voluntary Movement. Cereb Cortex 2004; 15:588-93. [PMID: 15342437 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhh160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Unilateral hand movements are accompanied by a transient decrease in corticospinal (CS) excitability of muscles in the opposite hand. However, the rules that govern this phenomenon are not completely understood. We measured the amplitude of motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the left first dorsal interosseus (FDI) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex in order to assess CS excitability changes that preceded eight possible combinations of unilateral and bilateral index finger movements with different right hand positions. Left FDI MEP amplitude (MEP(Left FDI)) increased when this muscle acted as an agonist and tended to decrease when it was an antagonist. Additionally, MEP(Left FDI) decreased substantially before right index finger abduction (a movement mediated by the right FDI) when both hands were lying flat (a movement mirroring left index finger abduction) but not when the right hand was turned at 90 degrees or flat with the palm up. Therefore, CS excitability of the resting FDI was differentially modulated depending on the direction of the opposite index finger movement, regardless of muscles engaged in the task. These results indicate that inhibitory interactions preceding unilateral finger movements are determined by movement kinematics possibly to counteract the default production of mirror motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Duque
- Human Cortical Physiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
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Gutiérrez J, Guzmán C, Correa G, Restrepo J, Sepúlveda E, Yepes N, Gutiérrez M, Gómez F, Duque E, Tobón R, Duque J, Velásquez A. Liver transplantation in Medellin, Colombia: Initial experience. Transplant Proc 2004; 36:1677-80. [PMID: 15350450 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this article is to present the experience of a new liver transplant team. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review includes all patients who received a liver transplant between March 15, 2000 and March 15, 2003. RESULTS We performed 87 transplantations on 84 patients; 39 were females and 45 were males of average age 43.6 years, including 6 children. The majority of the patients were from Colombia with time on the waiting list of less than 1 month. The average donor age was 26.7 years. The preservation solutions included Wisconsin, HTK-Brettschneider (Custodiol), and Corpaúl (similar to Henn-Ross). In this study, 95.4% were whole livers, with 97.7% using the piggyback method. We placed 23 arterial grafts and 2 venous grafts for vascular reconstructions; 95.4% were duct-to-duct anastomosis (95.4%). Among the cohort, 8.3% experienced acute rejection and 1.2% experienced chronic rejection. Two patients required retransplantation due to hepatic artery thrombosis with biliary tree necrosis. CONCLUSIONS We consider that we have passed the crisis of beginning a new program with a reduction in postoperative complications and improving patient and graft survival. At present, we are a center that performs liver transplantations in adults and children, with a good organ donation culture in our city that allows us to offer a waiting time on the list less than one month. Neither a veno-venous bypass nor a T-tube were necessary for our cases. We also have developed a new, less expensive form of perfusing the liver in the donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gutiérrez
- Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery, San Vicente de Paúl University Hospital, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
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