1
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Meade J, VanDerWal J, Storlie C, Williams S, Gourret A, Krockenberger A, Welbergen JA. Substantial reduction in thermo-suitable microhabitat for a rainforest marsupial under climate change. Biol Lett 2018; 14:20180189. [PMID: 30958243 PMCID: PMC6303506 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increases in mean temperatures caused by anthropogenic climate change increase the frequency and severity of temperature extremes. Although extreme temperature events are likely to become increasingly important drivers of species' response to climate change, the impacts are poorly understood owing mainly to a lack of understanding of species' physiological responses to extreme temperatures. The physiological response of Pseudochirops archeri (green ringtail possum) to temperature extremes has been well studied, demonstrating that heterothermy is used to reduce evaporative water loss at temperatures greater than 30°C. Dehydration is likely to limit survival when animals are exposed to a critical thermal regime of ≥30°C, for ≥5 h, for ≥4 consecutive days. In this study, we use this physiological information to assess P. archeri's vulnerability to climate change. We identify areas of current thermo-suitable habitat (validated using sightings), then estimate future thermo-suitable habitat for P. archeri, under four emission scenarios. Our projections indicate that up to 86% of thermo-suitable habitat could be lost by 2085, a serious conservation concern for the species. We demonstrate the potential applicability of our approach for generating spatio-temporally explicit predictions of the vulnerability of species to extreme temperature events, providing a focus for efficient and targeted conservation and habitat restoration management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Meade
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Collin Storlie
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Stephen Williams
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Arnaud Gourret
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Andrew Krockenberger
- Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Justin A. Welbergen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2753, Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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2
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Warren R, Price J, Graham E, Forstenhaeusler N, VanDerWal J. The projected effect on insects, vertebrates, and plants of limiting global warming to 1.5°C rather than 2°C. Science 2018; 360:791-795. [PMID: 29773751 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, the United Nations is pursuing efforts to limit global warming to 1.5°C, whereas earlier aspirations focused on a 2°C limit. With current pledges, corresponding to ~3.2°C warming, climatically determined geographic range losses of >50% are projected in ~49% of insects, 44% of plants, and 26% of vertebrates. At 2°C, this falls to 18% of insects, 16% of plants, and 8% of vertebrates and at 1.5°C, to 6% of insects, 8% of plants, and 4% of vertebrates. When warming is limited to 1.5°C as compared with 2°C, numbers of species projected to lose >50% of their range are reduced by ~66% in insects and by ~50% in plants and vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Warren
- Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - J Price
- Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - E Graham
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - N Forstenhaeusler
- Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - J VanDerWal
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake M. Allan
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria 3125 Australia
| | - Dale G. Nimmo
- Institute for Land, Water and Society Charles Sturt University Albury New South Wales 2640 Australia
| | - Daniel Ierodiaconou
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Warrnambool Victoria 3280 Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- eResearch Centre Division of Research and Innovation James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change College of Marine and Ecosystem Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Lian Pin Koh
- School of Biological Sciences Environment Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Euan G. Ritchie
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Burwood Victoria 3125 Australia
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4
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Álvarez-Romero JG, Munguía-Vega A, Beger M, Del Mar Mancha-Cisneros M, Suárez-Castillo AN, Gurney GG, Pressey RL, Gerber LR, Morzaria-Luna HN, Reyes-Bonilla H, Adams VM, Kolb M, Graham EM, VanDerWal J, Castillo-López A, Hinojosa-Arango G, Petatán-Ramírez D, Moreno-Baez M, Godínez-Reyes CR, Torre J. Designing connected marine reserves in the face of global warming. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:e671-e691. [PMID: 29274104 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine reserves are widely used to protect species important for conservation and fisheries and to help maintain ecological processes that sustain their populations, including recruitment and dispersal. Achieving these goals requires well-connected networks of marine reserves that maximize larval connectivity, thus allowing exchanges between populations and recolonization after local disturbances. However, global warming can disrupt connectivity by shortening potential dispersal pathways through changes in larval physiology. These changes can compromise the performance of marine reserve networks, thus requiring adjusting their design to account for ocean warming. To date, empirical approaches to marine prioritization have not considered larval connectivity as affected by global warming. Here, we develop a framework for designing marine reserve networks that integrates graph theory and changes in larval connectivity due to potential reductions in planktonic larval duration (PLD) associated with ocean warming, given current socioeconomic constraints. Using the Gulf of California as case study, we assess the benefits and costs of adjusting networks to account for connectivity, with and without ocean warming. We compare reserve networks designed to achieve representation of species and ecosystems with networks designed to also maximize connectivity under current and future ocean-warming scenarios. Our results indicate that current larval connectivity could be reduced significantly under ocean warming because of shortened PLDs. Given the potential changes in connectivity, we show that our graph-theoretical approach based on centrality (eigenvector and distance-weighted fragmentation) of habitat patches can help design better-connected marine reserve networks for the future with equivalent costs. We found that maintaining dispersal connectivity incidentally through representation-only reserve design is unlikely, particularly in regions with strong asymmetric patterns of dispersal connectivity. Our results support previous studies suggesting that, given potential reductions in PLD due to ocean warming, future marine reserve networks would require more and/or larger reserves in closer proximity to maintain larval connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Álvarez-Romero
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Adrián Munguía-Vega
- Comunidad y Biodiversidad, A.C., Guaymas, Sonora, México
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Maria Beger
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Georgina G Gurney
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert L Pressey
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Leah R Gerber
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Hem Nalini Morzaria-Luna
- Intercultural Center for the Study of Deserts and Oceans Inc., Tucson, AZ, USA
- Visiting Researcher at Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Héctor Reyes-Bonilla
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Vanessa M Adams
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Kolb
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, México, Distrito Federal, México
- Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Erin M Graham
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- eResearch Centre, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- eResearch Centre, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Gustavo Hinojosa-Arango
- Centro para la Biodiversidad Marina y la Conservación, A.C., La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Oaxaca, México
| | | | - Marcia Moreno-Baez
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA
| | - Carlos R Godínez-Reyes
- Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas: Reserva de la Biosfera Bahía de Los Ángeles, Canales de Ballenas y Salsipuedes, Bahía de los Ángeles, Baja California, México
- Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas: Parque Nacional Cabo Pulmo, La Ribera, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Jorge Torre
- Comunidad y Biodiversidad, A.C., Guaymas, Sonora, México
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5
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Fordham DA, Brook BW, Hoskin CJ, Pressey RL, VanDerWal J, Williams SE. Extinction debt from climate change for frogs in the wet tropics. Biol Lett 2017; 12:rsbl.2016.0236. [PMID: 27729484 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of twenty-first-century climate change on biodiversity is commonly forecast based on modelled shifts in species ranges, linked to habitat suitability. These projections have been coupled with species-area relationships (SAR) to infer extinction rates indirectly as a result of the loss of climatically suitable areas and associated habitat. This approach does not model population dynamics explicitly, and so accepts that extinctions might occur after substantial (but unknown) delays-an extinction debt. Here we explicitly couple bioclimatic envelope models of climate and habitat suitability with generic life-history models for 24 species of frogs found in the Australian Wet Tropics (AWT). We show that (i) as many as four species of frogs face imminent extinction by 2080, due primarily to climate change; (ii) three frogs face delayed extinctions; and (iii) this extinction debt will take at least a century to be realized in full. Furthermore, we find congruence between forecast rates of extinction using SARs, and demographic models with an extinction lag of 120 years. We conclude that SAR approaches can provide useful advice to conservation on climate change impacts, provided there is a good understanding of the time lags over which delayed extinctions are likely to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Fordham
- The Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Barry W Brook
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Conrad J Hoskin
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Robert L Pressey
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Stephen E Williams
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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6
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Cheok J, Pressey RL, Weeks R, VanDerWal J, Storlie C. The plans they are a‐changin’: More frequent iterative adjustment of regional priorities in the transition to local actions can benefit implementation. DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cheok
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Robert L. Pressey
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Rebecca Weeks
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
- eResearch Centre James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Collin Storlie
- eResearch Centre James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Neilly
- College of Science and Engineering; James Cook University; Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Eric J. Nordberg
- College of Science and Engineering; James Cook University; Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- College of Science and Engineering; James Cook University; Townsville Qld Australia
| | - Lin Schwarzkopf
- College of Science and Engineering; James Cook University; Townsville Qld Australia
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8
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Bell RC, Parra JL, Badjedjea G, Barej MF, Blackburn DC, Burger M, Channing A, Dehling JM, Greenbaum E, Gvoždík V, Kielgast J, Kusamba C, Lötters S, McLaughlin PJ, Nagy ZT, Rödel M, Portik DM, Stuart BL, VanDerWal J, Zassi‐Boulou AG, Zamudio KR. Idiosyncratic responses to climate‐driven forest fragmentation and marine incursions in reed frogs from Central Africa and the Gulf of Guinea Islands. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:5223-5244. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rayna C. Bell
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California, Berkeley CA USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Juan L. Parra
- Grupo de Ecología y Evolución de Vertebrados Instituto de Biología Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
| | - Gabriel Badjedjea
- Département d'Ecologie et Biodiversité des ressources Aquatiques Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Michael F. Barej
- Museum für Naturkunde ‐ Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
| | - David C. Blackburn
- Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
- Department of Herpetology California Academy of Sciences San Francisco CA USA
| | - Marius Burger
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
- Flora Fauna & Man, Ecological Services Ltd. Tortola British Virgin Islands
| | - Alan Channing
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department University of the Western Cape Bellville South Africa
| | - Jonas Maximilian Dehling
- Abteilung Biologie Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften Universität Koblenz‐Landau Koblenz Germany
| | - Eli Greenbaum
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX USA
| | - Václav Gvoždík
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology National Museum Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jos Kielgast
- Section of Freshwater Biology Department of Biology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate Natural History Museum of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Chifundera Kusamba
- Laboratoire d'Herpétologie Département de Biologie Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Lwiro Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | | | - Zoltán T. Nagy
- Museum für Naturkunde ‐ Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Mark‐Oliver Rödel
- Museum für Naturkunde ‐ Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel M. Portik
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California, Berkeley CA USA
- Department of Biology University of Texas Arlington TX USA
| | | | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiveristy & Climate Change College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
- Division of Research and Innovation eResearch Centre James Cook University Townsville Qld Australia
| | | | - Kelly R. Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
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9
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Reside AE, VanDerWal J, Moilanen A, Graham EM. Examining current or future trade-offs for biodiversity conservation in north-eastern Australia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172230. [PMID: 28222199 PMCID: PMC5319782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With the high rate of ecosystem change already occurring and predicted to occur in the coming decades, long-term conservation has to account not only for current biodiversity but also for the biodiversity patterns anticipated for the future. The trade-offs between prioritising future biodiversity at the expense of current priorities must be understood to guide current conservation planning, but have been largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we compared the performance of four conservation planning solutions involving 662 vertebrate species in the Wet Tropics Natural Resource Management Cluster Region in north-eastern Australia. Input species data for the four planning solutions were: 1) current distributions; 2) projected distributions for 2055; 3) projected distributions for 2085; and 4) current, 2055 and 2085 projected distributions, and the connectivity between each of the three time periods for each species. The four planning solutions were remarkably similar (up to 85% overlap), suggesting that modelling for either current or future scenarios is sufficient for conversation planning for this region, with little obvious trade-off. Our analyses also revealed that overall, species with small ranges occurring across steep elevation gradients and at higher elevations were more likely to be better represented in all solutions. Given that species with these characteristics are of high conservation significance, our results provide confidence that conservation planning focused on either current, near- or distant-future biodiversity will account for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- April E. Reside
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- eResearch Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Atte Moilanen
- Department of Biosciences, (Viikinkaari 1), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erin M. Graham
- eResearch Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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10
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Bateman BL, Pidgeon AM, Radeloff VC, Flather CH, VanDerWal J, Akçakaya HR, Thogmartin WE, Albright TP, Vavrus SJ, Heglund PJ. Potential breeding distributions of U.S. birds predicted with both short-term variability and long-term average climate data. Ecol Appl 2016; 26:2718-2729. [PMID: 27907262 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Climate conditions, such as temperature or precipitation, averaged over several decades strongly affect species distributions, as evidenced by experimental results and a plethora of models demonstrating statistical relations between species occurrences and long-term climate averages. However, long-term averages can conceal climate changes that have occurred in recent decades and may not capture actual species occurrence well because the distributions of species, especially at the edges of their range, are typically dynamic and may respond strongly to short-term climate variability. Our goal here was to test whether bird occurrence models can be predicted by either covariates based on short-term climate variability or on long-term climate averages. We parameterized species distribution models (SDMs) based on either short-term variability or long-term average climate covariates for 320 bird species in the conterminous USA and tested whether any life-history trait-based guilds were particularly sensitive to short-term conditions. Models including short-term climate variability performed well based on their cross-validated area-under-the-curve AUC score (0.85), as did models based on long-term climate averages (0.84). Similarly, both models performed well compared to independent presence/absence data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (independent AUC of 0.89 and 0.90, respectively). However, models based on short-term variability covariates more accurately classified true absences for most species (73% of true absences classified within the lowest quarter of environmental suitability vs. 68%). In addition, they have the advantage that they can reveal the dynamic relationship between species and their environment because they capture the spatial fluctuations of species potential breeding distributions. With this information, we can identify which species and guilds are sensitive to climate variability, identify sites of high conservation value where climate variability is low, and assess how species' potential distributions may have already shifted due recent climate change. However, long-term climate averages require less data and processing time and may be more readily available for some areas of interest. Where data on short-term climate variability are not available, long-term climate information is a sufficient predictor of species distributions in many cases. However, short-term climate variability data may provide information not captured with long-term climate data for use in SDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Bateman
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, SILVIS Lab, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Anna M Pidgeon
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, SILVIS Lab, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Volker C Radeloff
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, SILVIS Lab, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Curtis H Flather
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
- Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - H Resit Akçakaya
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Wayne E Thogmartin
- U. S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603, USA
| | - Thomas P Albright
- Department of Geography and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, Laboratory for Conservation Biogeography, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89577, USA
| | - Stephen J Vavrus
- Center for Climate Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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11
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Nowrouzi S, Andersen AN, Macfadyen S, Staunton KM, VanDerWal J, Robson SKA. Ant Diversity and Distribution along Elevation Gradients in the Australian Wet Tropics: The Importance of Seasonal Moisture Stability. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153420. [PMID: 27073848 PMCID: PMC4830544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of anthropogenic climate change has seen a renewed focus on understanding contemporary patterns of species distribution. This is especially the case for the biota of tropical mountains, because tropical species often have particularly narrow elevational ranges and there are high levels of short-range endemism. Here we describe geographic patterns of ant diversity and distribution in the World Heritage-listed rainforests of the Australian Wet Tropics (AWT), revealing seasonal moisture stability to be an important environmental correlate of elevational patterns of species composition. We sampled ants in leaf litter, on the litter surface and on tree trunks at 26 sites from six subregions spanning five degrees of latitude and elevation ranges from 100–1,300 m. A total of 296 species from 63 genera were recorded. Species richness showed a slight peak at mid elevations, and did not vary significantly with latitude. Species composition varied substantially between subregions, and many species have highly localised distributions. There was very marked species turnover with elevation, with a particularly striking compositional disjunction between 600 m and 800 m at each subregion. This disjunction coincides with a strong environmental threshold of seasonal stability in moisture associated with cloud ‘stripping’. Our study therefore provides further support for climatic stability as a potential mechanism underlying patterns of diversity. The average height of orographic cloud layers is predicted to rise under global warming, and associated shifts in seasonal moisture stability may exacerbate biotic change caused by rising temperature alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Nowrouzi
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change, College of Marine and Ecosystem Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- CSIRO Land & Water Flagship, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- * E-mail: ;
| | | | | | - Kyran M. Staunton
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change, College of Marine and Ecosystem Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change, College of Marine and Ecosystem Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- eResearch Centre, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Simon K. A. Robson
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change, College of Marine and Ecosystem Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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12
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Bateman BL, Pidgeon AM, Radeloff VC, VanDerWal J, Thogmartin WE, Vavrus SJ, Heglund PJ. The pace of past climate change vs. potential bird distributions and land use in the United States. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:1130-44. [PMID: 26691721 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Climate change may drastically alter patterns of species distributions and richness, but predicting future species patterns in occurrence is challenging. Significant shifts in distributions have already been observed, and understanding these recent changes can improve our understanding of potential future changes. We assessed how past climate change affected potential breeding distributions for landbird species in the conterminous United States. We quantified the bioclimatic velocity of potential breeding distributions, that is, the pace and direction of change for each species' suitable climate space over the past 60 years. We found that potential breeding distributions for landbirds have shifted substantially with an average velocity of 1.27 km yr(-1) , about double the pace of prior distribution shift estimates across terrestrial systems globally (0.61 km yr(-1) ). The direction of shifts was not uniform. The majority of species' distributions shifted west, northwest, and north. Multidirectional shifts suggest that changes in climate conditions beyond mean temperature were influencing distributional changes. Indeed, precipitation variables that were proxies for extreme conditions were important variables across all models. There were winners and losers in terms of the area of distributions; many species experienced contractions along west and east distribution edges, and expansions along northern distribution edges. Changes were also reflected in the potential species richness, with some regions potentially gaining species (Midwest, East) and other areas potentially losing species (Southwest). However, the degree to which changes in potential breeding distributions are manifested in actual species richness depends on landcover. Areas that have become increasingly suitable for breeding birds due to changing climate are often those attractive to humans for agriculture and development. This suggests that many areas might have supported more breeding bird species had the landscape not been altered. Our study illustrates that climate change is not only a future threat, but something birds are already experiencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L Bateman
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Anna M Pidgeon
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Volker C Radeloff
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, 4811, Australia
- Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, 4811, Australia
| | - Wayne E Thogmartin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, La Crosse, WI, 54603, USA
| | - Stephen J Vavrus
- Center for Climate Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Lawes MJ, Fisher DO, Johnson CN, Blomberg SP, Frank ASK, Fritz SA, McCallum H, VanDerWal J, Abbott BN, Legge S, Letnic M, Thomas CR, Thurgate N, Fisher A, Gordon IJ, Kutt A. Correlates of Recent Declines of Rodents in Northern and Southern Australia: Habitat Structure Is Critical. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130626. [PMID: 26111037 PMCID: PMC4482364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Australia has experienced dramatic declines and extinctions of its native rodent species over the last 200 years, particularly in southern Australia. In the tropical savanna of northern Australia significant declines have occurred only in recent decades. The later onset of these declines suggests that the causes may differ from earlier declines in the south. We examine potential regional effects (northern versus southern Australia) on biological and ecological correlates of range decline in Australian rodents. We demonstrate that rodent declines have been greater in the south than in the tropical north, are strongly influenced by phylogeny, and are consistently greater for species inhabiting relatively open or sparsely vegetated habitat. Unlike in marsupials, where some species have much larger body size than rodents, body mass was not an important predictor of decline in rodents. All Australian rodent species are within the prey-size range of cats (throughout the continent) and red foxes (in the south). Contrary to the hypothesis that mammal declines are related directly to ecosystem productivity (annual rainfall), our results are consistent with the hypothesis that disturbances such as fire and grazing, which occur in non-rainforest habitats and remove cover used by rodents for shelter, nesting and foraging, increase predation risk. We agree with calls to introduce conservation management that limits the size and intensity of fires, increases fire patchiness and reduces grazing impacts at ecological scales appropriate for rodents. Controlling feral predators, even creating predator-free reserves in relatively sparsely-vegetated habitats, is urgently required to ensure the survival of rodent species, particularly in northern Australia where declines are not yet as severe as those in the south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Lawes
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Diana O. Fisher
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris N. Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Simon P. Blomberg
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anke S. K. Frank
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
- Flora and Fauna Division, Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Susanne A. Fritz
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) & Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hamish McCallum
- School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Sydney, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Climate Change and Tropical Biology, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett N. Abbott
- CSIRO—Land and Water—Australian Tropical Sciences Precinct, PMB PO, Aitkenvale, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah Legge
- Australian Wildlife Conservancy, PO Box 8070, Subiaco East, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern TerritoryT, Australia
| | - Mike Letnic
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Nikki Thurgate
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alaric Fisher
- Flora and Fauna Division, Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern TerritoryT, Australia
| | - Iain J. Gordon
- James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Kutt
- ARCUE, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Fancourt BA, Bateman BL, VanDerWal J, Nicol SC, Hawkins CE, Jones ME, Johnson CN. Testing the Role of Climate Change in Species Decline: Is the Eastern Quoll a Victim of a Change in the Weather? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129420. [PMID: 26106887 PMCID: PMC4479380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To conserve a declining species we first need to diagnose the causes of decline. This is one of the most challenging tasks faced by conservation practitioners. In this study, we used temporally explicit species distribution models (SDMs) to test whether shifting weather can explain the recent decline of a marsupial carnivore, the eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus). We developed an SDM using weather variables matched to occurrence records of the eastern quoll over the last 60 years, and used the model to reconstruct variation through time in the distribution of climatically suitable range for the species. The weather model produced a meaningful prediction of the known distribution of the species. Abundance of quolls, indexed by transect counts, was positively related to the modelled area of suitable habitat between 1990 and 2004. In particular, a sharp decline in abundance from 2001 to 2003 coincided with a sustained period of unsuitable weather over much of the species’ distribution. Since 2004, abundance has not recovered despite a return to suitable weather conditions, and abundance and area of suitable habitat have been uncorrelated. We suggest that fluctuations in weather account for the species’ recent decline, but other unrelated factors have suppressed recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn A. Fancourt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Brooke L. Bateman
- SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest & Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change and eResearch Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stewart C. Nicol
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Clare E. Hawkins
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Menna E. Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Rosauer DF, Catullo RA, VanDerWal J, Moussalli A, Moritz C. Lineage range estimation method reveals fine-scale endemism linked to Pleistocene stability in Australian rainforest herpetofauna. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126274. [PMID: 26020936 PMCID: PMC4447262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Areas of suitable habitat for species and communities have arisen, shifted, and disappeared with Pleistocene climate cycles, and through this shifting landscape, current biodiversity has found paths to the present. Evolutionary refugia, areas of relative habitat stability in this shifting landscape, support persistence of lineages through time, and are thus crucial to the accumulation and maintenance of biodiversity. Areas of endemism are indicative of refugial areas where diversity has persisted, and endemism of intraspecific lineages in particular is strongly associated with late-Pleistocene habitat stability. However, it remains a challenge to consistently estimate the geographic ranges of intraspecific lineages and thus infer phylogeographic endemism, because spatial sampling for genetic analyses is typically sparse relative to species records. We present a novel technique to model the geographic distribution of intraspecific lineages, which is informed by the ecological niche of a species and known locations of its constituent lineages. Our approach allows for the effects of isolation by unsuitable habitat, and captures uncertainty in the extent of lineage ranges. Applying this method to the arc of rainforest areas spanning 3500 km in eastern Australia, we estimated lineage endemism for 53 species of rainforest dependent herpetofauna with available phylogeographic data. We related endemism to the stability of rainforest habitat over the past 120,000 years and identified distinct concentrations of lineage endemism that can be considered putative refugia. These areas of lineage endemism are strongly related to historical stability of rainforest habitat, after controlling for the effects of current environment. In fact, a dynamic stability model that allows movement to track suitable habitat over time was the most important factor in explaining current patterns of endemism. The techniques presented here provide an objective, practical method for estimating geographic ranges below the species level, and including them in spatial analyses of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan F. Rosauer
- Research School of Biology & Centre for Biodiversity Analysis, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Renee A. Catullo
- Research School of Biology & Centre for Biodiversity Analysis, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity & Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- eResearch Centre, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adnan Moussalli
- Sciences Department, Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Moritz
- Research School of Biology & Centre for Biodiversity Analysis, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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16
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Storlie C, Merino-Viteri A, Phillips B, VanDerWal J, Welbergen J, Williams S. Stepping inside the niche: microclimate data are critical for accurate assessment of species' vulnerability to climate change. Biol Lett 2015; 10:rsbl.2014.0576. [PMID: 25252835 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess a species' vulnerability to climate change, we commonly use mapped environmental data that are coarsely resolved in time and space. Coarsely resolved temperature data are typically inaccurate at predicting temperatures in microhabitats used by an organism and may also exhibit spatial bias in topographically complex areas. One consequence of these inaccuracies is that coarsely resolved layers may predict thermal regimes at a site that exceed species' known thermal limits. In this study, we use statistical downscaling to account for environmental factors and develop high-resolution estimates of daily maximum temperatures for a 36 000 km(2) study area over a 38-year period. We then demonstrate that this statistical downscaling provides temperature estimates that consistently place focal species within their fundamental thermal niche, whereas coarsely resolved layers do not. Our results highlight the need for incorporation of fine-scale weather data into species' vulnerability analyses and demonstrate that a statistical downscaling approach can yield biologically relevant estimates of thermal regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin Storlie
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Andres Merino-Viteri
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ben Phillips
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia eResearch Centre, Division of Research and Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Justin Welbergen
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Williams
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, College of Marine and Environmental Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia
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Carnaval AC, Waltari E, Rodrigues MT, Rosauer D, VanDerWal J, Damasceno R, Prates I, Strangas M, Spanos Z, Rivera D, Pie MR, Firkowski CR, Bornschein MR, Ribeiro LF, Moritz C. Prediction of phylogeographic endemism in an environmentally complex biome. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 281:rspb.2014.1461. [PMID: 25122231 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogeographic endemism, the degree to which the history of recently evolved lineages is spatially restricted, reflects fundamental evolutionary processes such as cryptic divergence, adaptation and biological responses to environmental heterogeneity. Attempts to explain the extraordinary diversity of the tropics, which often includes deep phylogeographic structure, frequently invoke interactions of climate variability across space, time and topography. To evaluate historical versus contemporary drivers of phylogeographic endemism in a tropical system, we analyse the effects of current and past climatic variation on the genetic diversity of 25 vertebrates in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. We identify two divergent bioclimatic domains within the forest and high turnover around the Rio Doce. Independent modelling of these domains demonstrates that endemism patterns are subject to different climatic drivers. Past climate dynamics, specifically areas of relative stability, predict phylogeographic endemism in the north. Conversely, contemporary climatic heterogeneity better explains endemism in the south. These results accord with recent speleothem and fossil pollen studies, suggesting that climatic variability through the last 250 kyr impacted the northern and the southern forests differently. Incorporating sub-regional differences in climate dynamics will enhance our ability to understand those processes shaping high phylogeographic and species endemism, in the Neotropics and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Carnaval
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Eric Waltari
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Miguel T Rodrigues
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, no 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Dan Rosauer
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Biodiversity and Climate Change and eResearch Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Roberta Damasceno
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, no 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ivan Prates
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Maria Strangas
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Zoe Spanos
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Danielle Rivera
- Department of Biology, City College of New York and the Graduate Center of CUNY, 160 Convent Avenue, Marshak Life Science Building J-526, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Marcio R Pie
- Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais, Lamenha Lins 1080, Curitiba, Paraná 80250, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil
| | - Carina R Firkowski
- Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais, Lamenha Lins 1080, Curitiba, Paraná 80250, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Bornschein
- Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais, Lamenha Lins 1080, Curitiba, Paraná 80250, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Ribeiro
- Mater Natura - Instituto de Estudos Ambientais, Lamenha Lins 1080, Curitiba, Paraná 80250, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531, Brazil Faculdade Dom Bosco, Avenida Presidente Wenceslau Braz 1172, Curitiba, Paraná 81010, Brazil
| | - Craig Moritz
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Reside AE, Welbergen JA, Phillips BL, Wardell-Johnson GW, Keppel G, Ferrier S, Williams SE, VanDerWal J. Characteristics of climate change refugia for Australian biodiversity. AUSTRAL ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- April E. Reside
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Justin A. Welbergen
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment; UWS Hawkesbury Campus; Hawkesbury New South Wales Australia
| | - Ben L. Phillips
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- Department of Zoology; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Grant W. Wardell-Johnson
- Curtin Institute for Biodiversity and Climate; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Gunnar Keppel
- School of Natural and Built Environments and Barbara Hardy Institute; University of South Australia; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Simon Ferrier
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; Climate Adaptation Flagship; Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Stephen E. Williams
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
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Bateman BL, Murphy HT, Reside AE, Mokany K, VanDerWal J. Appropriateness of full-, partial- and no-dispersal scenarios in climate change impact modelling. DIVERS DISTRIB 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Bateman
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville; Qld; 4811; Australia
| | - Helen T. Murphy
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and Climate Adaptation Flagship; PO Box 780; Atherton; Qld; 4883; Australia
| | - April E. Reside
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville; Qld; 4811; Australia
| | - Karel Mokany
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; Climate Adaptation Flagship; PO Box 1700; Canberra; ACT; 2601; Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville; Qld; 4811; Australia
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20
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Puschendorf R, Hodgson L, Alford RA, Skerratt LF, VanDerWal J. Underestimated ranges and overlooked refuges from amphibian chytridiomycosis. DIVERS DISTRIB 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lee F. Skerratt
- School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences; James Cook University; Townsville; Qld 4811; Australia
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21
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Moritz C, Langham G, Kearney M, Krockenberger A, VanDerWal J, Williams S. Integrating phylogeography and physiology reveals divergence of thermal traits between central and peripheral lineages of tropical rainforest lizards. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 367:1680-7. [PMID: 22566675 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical ectotherms are regarded as being especially threatened by global warming, but the extent to which populations vary in key thermal physiological traits is little known. In general, central and peripheral populations are most likely to differ where divergent selection pressures are un-opposed by gene flow. This leads to the prediction that persistent and long-isolated lineages in peripheral regions, as revealed by phylogeography, may differ physiologically from larger centrally located lineages. We test this prediction through comparative assays of critical thermal limits (minimum and maximum critical thermal limits, CT(min), CT(max)) and optimal performance parameters (B80 and T(opt)) across central and peripheral lineages of three species of ground-dwelling skinks endemic to the rainforests of northeast Australia. Peripheral lineages show significantly increased optimal performance temperatures (T(opt)) relative to central populations as well as elevated CT(min), with the latter trait also inversely related to elevation. CT(max) did not vary between central and peripheral lineages, but was higher in a forest edge species than in the forest interior species. The results suggest that long-isolated populations in peripheral rainforests harbour genotypes that confer resilience to future warming, emphasizing the need to protect these as well as larger central habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Moritz
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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22
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Bateman BL, VanDerWal J, Williams SE, Johnson CN. Biotic interactions influence the projected distribution of a specialist mammal under climate change. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2012.00922.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Bateman
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Stephen E. Williams
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Christopher N. Johnson
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change Research; School of Marine and Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
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23
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Hoskin CJ, Tonione M, Higgie M, MacKenzie JB, Williams SE, VanDerWal J, Moritz C. Persistence in Peripheral Refugia Promotes Phenotypic Divergence and Speciation in a Rainforest Frog. Am Nat 2011; 178:561-78. [DOI: 10.1086/662164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Reside AE, Watson I, VanDerWal J, Kutt AS. Incorporating low-resolution historic species location data decreases performance of distribution models. Ecol Modell 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Januchowski-Hartley S, VanDerWal J, Sydes D. Effective control of aquatic invasive species in tropical Australia. Environ Manage 2011; 48:568-576. [PMID: 21556935 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-011-9686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Often ecologists and natural resource managers can easily access data on invasive species occurrence across a region. Yet, collecting species abundance data over a large area is arguably more important for decision making, but inherently costly, so methods which can provide robust information at low-cost are particularly valuable. Studies of species distribution often use occurrence data to build models of the environmental niche. Environmental suitability derived from such models may be used to predict the potential distributions of species. The ability of such models to predict spatial patterns in abundance have recently been demonstrated. Here we tested the relationship of environmental suitability with local abundance of an aquatic invasive species, olive hymenachne (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) in the Wet Tropics of Australia. Ordinary least squares and quantile regressions revealed a positive relationship between environmental suitability and local abundance of olive hymenachne. We expand on this and use the relationship between environmental suitability and local abundance to quantify the effectiveness of management (reduction in local abundance) under four different management investments. We show that the upper limit of abundance can be used to evaluate management effectiveness based on varying investments, and that ongoing management is the most effective at reducing local abundance. We discuss implications of this in addressing important problems in invasive species management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Januchowski-Hartley
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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Cadena CD, Kozak KH, Gómez JP, Parra JL, McCain CM, Bowie RCK, Carnaval AC, Moritz C, Rahbek C, Roberts TE, Sanders NJ, Schneider CJ, VanDerWal J, Zamudio KR, Graham CH. Latitude, elevational climatic zonation and speciation in New World vertebrates. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 279:194-201. [PMID: 21632626 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many biodiversity hotspots are located in montane regions, especially in the tropics. A possible explanation for this pattern is that the narrow thermal tolerances of tropical species and greater climatic stratification of tropical mountains create more opportunities for climate-associated parapatric or allopatric speciation in the tropics relative to the temperate zone. However, it is unclear whether a general relationship exists among latitude, climatic zonation and the ecology of speciation. Recent taxon-specific studies obtained different results regarding the role of climate in speciation in tropical versus temperate areas. Here, we quantify overlap in the climatic distributions of 93 pairs of sister species of mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles restricted to either the New World tropics or to the Northern temperate zone. We show that elevational ranges of tropical- and temperate-zone species do not differ from one another, yet the temperature range experienced by species in the temperate zone is greater than for those in the tropics. Moreover, tropical sister species tend to exhibit greater similarity in their climatic distributions than temperate sister species. This pattern suggests that evolutionary conservatism in the thermal niches of tropical taxa, coupled with the greater thermal zonation of tropical mountains, may result in increased opportunities for allopatric isolation, speciation and the accumulation of species in tropical montane regions. Our study exemplifies the power of combining phylogenetic and spatial datasets of global climatic variation to explore evolutionary (rather than purely ecological) explanations for the high biodiversity of tropical montane regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Daniel Cadena
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva de Vertebrados, Universidad de los Andes, Apartado 4976 Bogotá, Colombia.
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Murray KA, Retallick RWR, Puschendorf R, Skerratt LF, Rosauer D, McCallum HI, Berger L, Speare R, VanDerWal J. Assessing spatial patterns of disease risk to biodiversity: implications for the management of the amphibian pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. J Appl Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01890.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Murray KA, Retallick RWR, Puschendorf R, Skerratt LF, Rosauer D, McCallum HI, Berger L, Speare R, VanDerWal J. Issues with modelling the current and future distribution of invasive pathogens. J Appl Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Williams SE, VanDerWal J, Isaac J, Shoo LP, Storlie C, Fox S, Bolitho EE, Moritz C, Hoskin CJ, Williams YM. Distributions, life-history specialization, and phylogeny of the rain forest vertebrates in the Australian Wet Tropics. Ecology 2010. [DOI: 10.1890/09-1069.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Williams SE, Williams YM, VanDerWal J, Isaac JL, Shoo LP, Johnson CN. Ecological specialization and population size in a biodiversity hotspot: how rare species avoid extinction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106 Suppl 2:19737-41. [PMID: 19897718 PMCID: PMC2780933 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0901640106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Species with narrow environmental niches typically have small geographic ranges. Small range size is, in turn, often associated with low local abundance. Together, these factors should mean that ecological specialists have very small total populations, putting them at high risk of extinction. But some specialized and geographically restricted species are ancient, and some ecological communities have high proportions of rare and specialized endemics. We studied niche characteristics and patterns of distribution and abundance of terrestrial vertebrates in the rainforests of the Australian Wet Tropics (AWT) to identify mechanisms by which rare species might resist extinction. We show that species with narrow environmental niches and small geographic ranges tend to have high and uniform local abundances. The compensation of geographic rarity by local abundance is exact, such that total population size in the rainforest vertebrates of the AWT is independent of environmental specialization. This effect would tend to help equalize extinction risk for specialists and generalists. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that environmental specialists have been gradually accumulating in this fauna, indicating that small range size/environmental specialization can be a successful trait as long as it is compensated for by demographic commonness. These results provide an explanation of how range-restricted specialists can persist for long periods, so that they now form a major component of high-diversity assemblages such as the AWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Williams
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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VanDerWal J, Shoo LP, Johnson CN, Williams SE. Abundance and the environmental niche: environmental suitability estimated from niche models predicts the upper limit of local abundance. Am Nat 2009; 174:282-91. [PMID: 19519279 DOI: 10.1086/600087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ecologists seek to understand patterns of distribution and abundance of species. Studies of distribution often use occurrence data to build models of the environmental niche of a species. Environmental suitability (ES) derived from such models may be used to predict the potential distributions of species. The ability of such models to predict spatial patterns in abundance is unknown; we argue that there should be a positive relationship between ES and local abundance. This will be so if ES reflects how well the species' physiological and ecological requirements are met at a site and if those factors also determine local abundance. However, the presence of other factors may indicate that potential abundance is not attained at all sites. Therefore, ES should predict the upper limit of abundance, and the observed relationship with ES should be wedge shaped. We tested the relationship of ES with local abundance for 69 rain forest vertebrates in the Australian wet tropics. Ordinary least squares and quantile regressions revealed a positive relationship between ES and local abundance for most species (>84%). The relationships for these species were wedge shaped. We conclude that ES modeled from presence-only data provides useful information on spatial patterns of abundance, and we discuss implications of this in addressing important problems in ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy VanDerWal
- Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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Puschendorf R, Carnaval AC, VanDerWal J, Zumbado-Ulate H, Chaves G, Bolaños F, Alford RA. Distribution models for the amphibian chytridBatrachochytrium dendrobatidisin Costa Rica: proposing climatic refuges as a conservation tool. DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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VanDerWal J, Shoo LP, Graham C, Williams SE. Selecting pseudo-absence data for presence-only distribution modeling: How far should you stray from what you know? Ecol Modell 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Moritz C, Hoskin CJ, MacKenzie JB, Phillips BL, Tonione M, Silva N, VanDerWal J, Williams SE, Graham CH. Identification and dynamics of a cryptic suture zone in tropical rainforest. Proc Biol Sci 2009; 276:1235-44. [PMID: 19203915 PMCID: PMC2660962 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Suture zones, shared regions of secondary contact between long-isolated lineages, are natural laboratories for studying divergence and speciation. For tropical rainforest, the existence of suture zones and their significance for speciation has been controversial. Using comparative phylogeographic evidence, we locate a morphologically cryptic suture zone in the Australian Wet Tropics rainforest. Fourteen out of 18 contacts involve morphologically cryptic phylogeographic lineages, with mtDNA sequence divergences ranging from 2 to 15 per cent. Contact zones are significantly clustered in a suture zone located between two major Quaternary refugia. Within this area, there is a trend for secondary contacts to occur in regions with low environmental suitability relative to both adjacent refugia and, by inference, the parental lineages. The extent and form of reproductive isolation among interacting lineages varies across species, ranging from random admixture to speciation, in one case via reinforcement. Comparative phylogeographic studies, combined with environmental analysis at a fine-scale and across varying climates, can generate new insights into suture zone formation and to diversification processes in species-rich tropical rainforests. As arenas for evolutionary experimentation, suture zones merit special attention for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moritz
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Steiner FM, Schlick-Steiner BC, VanDerWal J, Reuther KD, Christian E, Stauffer C, Suarez AV, Williams SE, Crozier RH. Combined modelling of distribution and niche in invasion biology: a case study of two invasive Tetramorium ant species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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VanDerWal J, Lagerberg WM, Dubbelman TM, VanSteveninck J. Interaction of photodynamically induced cell killing and dark cytotoxicity of rhodamine 123. Photochem Photobiol 1995; 62:757-63. [PMID: 7480151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb08726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Loss of clonogenicity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, murine L929 fibroblasts and human bladder carcinoma T24 cells caused by photodynamic treatment (PDT) with hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) is synergistically enhanced by subsequent incubation with rhodamine 123 in the dark. For CHO and L929 cells this synergistic interaction can be explained by an increased uptake of rhodamine 123 as the result of the photodynamic treatment. With aluminum phthalocyanine (AIPC) as photosensitizer only additive effects were observed in the three cell lines. Incubation in the dark with rhodamine 123, followed by a photodynamic treatment with HPD, resulted in an antagonistic interaction with regard to loss of colony formation. With AIPc the combination of treatments resulted in an additive effect with L929 and T24 cells, whereas with CHO cells a slight antagonistic interaction was observed. An antagonistic effect was also observed in model experiments, treating histidine photodynamically with HPD and measuring oxygen consumption. A possible explanation of these results could be an interaction or complex formation of rhodamine 123 with HPD resulting in a diminished singlet oxygen production. With AIPc this does not take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- J VanDerWal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, State University of Leiden, The Netherlands
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