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Fan L, Xue Y, Wu D, Xu M, Li A, Zhang B, Mo J, Zheng M. Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus addition have stronger negative effects on microbial residual carbon in subsoils than topsoils in subtropical forests. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17210. [PMID: 38407426 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Highly weathered lowland (sub)tropical forests are widely recognized as nitrogen (N)-rich and phosphorus (P)-poor, and the input of N and P affects soil carbon (C) cycling and storage in these ecosystems. Microbial residual C (MRC) plays a crucial role in regulating soil organic C (SOC) stability in forest soils. However, the effects of long-term N and P addition on soil MRC across different soil layers remain unclear. This study conducted a 12-year N and P addition experiment in two typical subtropical plantation forests dominated by Acacia auriculiformis and Eucalyptus urophylla trees, respectively. We measured plant C input (fine root biomass, fine root C, and litter C), microbial community structure, enzyme activity (C/N/P-cycling enzymes), mineral properties, and MRC. Our results showed that continuous P addition reduced MRC in the subsoil (20-40 cm) of both plantations (A. auriculiformis: 28.44% and E. urophylla: 28.29%), whereas no significant changes occurred in the topsoil (0-20 cm). N addition decreased MRC in the subsoil of E. urophylla (25.44%), but had no significant effects on A. auriculiformis. Combined N and P addition reduced MRC (34.63%) in the subsoil of A. auriculiformis but not in that of E. urophylla. The factors regulating MRC varied across soil layers. In the topsoil (0-10 cm), plant C input (the relative contributions to the total variance was 20%, hereafter) and mineral protection (47.2%) were dominant factors. In the soil layer of 10-20 cm, both microbial characteristics (41.3%) and mineral protection (32.3%) had substantial effects, whereas the deeper layer (20-40 cm) was predominantly regulated by microbial characteristics (37.9%) and mineral protection (18.8%). Understanding differential drivers of MRC across soil depth, particularly in deeper soil layers, is crucial for accurately predicting the stability and storage of SOC and its responses to chronic N enrichment and/or increased P limitation in (sub)tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuewei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meichen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andi Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu J, Qu Y, Lu M, Ma A, Mo J, Wen Z. CT-based radiomics for prediction of pulmonary haemorrhage after percutaneous CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy of pulmonary nodules. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e993-e1000. [PMID: 37726191 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the feasibility of intranodular and perinodular computed tomography (CT) radiomics features for predicting the occurrence of pulmonary haemorrhage after percutaneous CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy (PCTLB) in pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data for 332 patients with pulmonary nodules who underwent PCTLB were reviewed retrospectively. Pulmonary haemorrhage after PCTLB was evaluated using CT (144 cases occurred). Radiomics features based on gross nodular (GNV) and perinodular volumes (PNV) were extracted from pre-biopsy CT images and features selection using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and three radiomics scores (rad-scores) were built. Rad-scores, clinical, and clinical-radiomic models were developed and evaluated to predict the occurrence of pulmonary haemorrhage. RESULTS Five, five, and six significant features were selected for prediction of pulmonary haemorrhage based on GNV, PNV, and GNV + PNV, respectively. Lesion depth was the only clinical characteristics related to pulmonary haemorrhage. Lesion depth and rad-score based on GNV, PNV, and GNV + PNV for predicting the pulmonary haemorrhage achieved areas under the curves (AUCs) of 0.656, 0.645, 0.651, and 0.635 in the validation group, respectively. Three clinical-radiomic models improved the AUCs to 0.743, 0.723, and 0.748. The performance of rad-score_GNV + PNV combined with lesion depth outperformed the clinical model (p=0.024) and the radiomics signature (p=0.038). In addition, the radiomics signatures were significantly associated with higher-grade pulmonary haemorrhage (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Radiomics features from intranodular and perinodular regions of pulmonary nodules have good predictive ability for pulmonary haemorrhage after PCTLB, which may provide additional predictive value for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - Y Qu
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - A Ma
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - J Mo
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - Z Wen
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China.
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Zheng M, Xu M, Li D, Deng Q, Mo J. Negative responses of terrestrial nitrogen fixation to nitrogen addition weaken across increased soil organic carbon levels. Sci Total Environ 2023; 877:162965. [PMID: 36948308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view holds that biological nitrogen (N) fixation is energetically expensive and thus, facultative N fixers reduce N fixation rates while obligate N fixers are excluded by non-N fixers as soil N becomes rich. This view, however, contradicts the phenomenon that N fixation does not decline in many terrestrial ecosystems under N enrichment. To address this paradoxical phenomenon, we conducted a meta-analysis of N fixation and diazotroph (N-fixing microorganism) community structure in response to N addition across terrestrial ecosystems. N addition inhibited N fixation, but the inhibitory effect weakened across increased soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations. The response ratios of N fixation (including free-living, plant-associated, and symbiotic types) to N addition were lower in the ecosystems with low SOC concentrations (<10 mg/g) than in those with medium or high SOC concentrations (10-20 and > 20 mg/g, respectively). The negative N-addition effects on diazotroph abundance and diversity also weakened across increased SOC levels. Among the climatic and soil factors, SOC was the most important predictor regarding the responses of N fixation and diazotroph community structure to N addition. Overall, our study reveals the role of SOC in affecting the responses of N fixation to N addition, which helps understand the relationships of biological N fixation and N enrichment as well as the mechanisms of terrestrial C and N coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Meichen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang S, Mori T, Zou S, Zheng H, Heděnec P, Zhu Y, Wang W, Li A, Liu N, Jian S, Liu Z, Tan X, Mo J, Zhang W. Changes in vegetation types affect soil microbial communities in tropical islands of southern China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Mo J, Bohne AS, Gaudy Marqueste C, Della Marta N, Festino L, Chen C, Lo S, Park J, Ascierto P, Ladwa R, Xu W, Grob J, Hauschild A, Menzies A, Long G, Carlino M, Pires da Silva I. 838P Patterns of response/progressive disease (PD) and management following PD with anti-PD-1 (PD1) in patients (pts) with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Coath F, Sharma A, Ershad R, Mo J, Davies J, Dasgupta B. AB0596 AORTIC MANIFESTATIONS IN GIANT CELL ARTERITIS: SINGLE CENTRE 10-YEAR EXPERIENCE. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDisease stratification in GCA is an urgent need, with patients categorised into cranial and large-vessel GCA (LV-GCA) subgroups. LV-GCA may have worse outcomes with regards relapsing disease, poor response to glucocorticoids (GC) and aortic involvement.ObjectivesWe report a single centre experience using clinical, imaging and treatment outcomes from a specialist clinic.Methods134 patients with LV-GCA were identified over a 10-year period at Southend University Hospital (2012-2022). Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for baseline demographics, clinical presentation, inflammatory markers, imaging (vascular ultrasound, PET-CT, echocardiography), vascular damage and treatment.ResultsThere was a female predominance (female n=91). Age at presentation ranged from 46 to 86 years (median 70 years). Co-morbidities implicated in aortic disease included hypertension (n=60), hypercholestrolaemia (n=29), diabetes (n=14), aortic valvular disease (n=5) and atherosclerotic disease including coronary and carotid artery disease (n=19). Constitutional disturbance was most frequently observed presentation (70%, n=94), and the only feature for 11 patients. This was followed by cranial symptoms (62%, n=83), polymyalgia (53%, n=71), ischaemic symptoms i.e., visual disturbance or tongue/jaw claudication (24%, n=32) and cardiovascular presentations (7%, n=9). The latter included limb claudication, stroke, and aortic aneurysm. Although LV-GCA refers to extra-cranial disease, 12 patients (9%) had isolated cranial and/or ischaemic symptoms at initial presentation.Inflammatory markers were typically elevated at presentation, C-reactive protein ranged from 1-425mg/L and ESR 1-130mm. Vascular ultrasound was used at diagnosis in 93 patients, with positive temporal artery findings in 50% (n=38) and positive axillary findings in 75% (n=57). PET-CT data was available for 125 patients, of which 113 were positive for LV-GCA. Thoracic aorta FDG-uptake was seen in 77%, with 7 ascending and 1 abdominal aortic aneurysm observed. Transthoracic echocardiogram was available for 46% (n=62). Four (6.5%) patients had a dilated aortic root when indexed to height as per British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) guidelines1 (SOV (mm/m) > 21.8mm in males and > 20.7mm in females). Values for our patients were 22.6 and 21.2 mm/m for the female patients and 29.2 and 25.2 mm/m for the male patients. Furthermore, 32 patients showed some extent of diastolic dysfunction as per BSE criteria (52%).All patients received GC as part of their treatment, 60% (n=82) needing one or more DMARDs and 17% (n=23) Tocilizumab for relapsing disease. DMARDs used included Leflunomide (n=63), Methotrexate (n=18), Mycophenolate mofetil (n=3) and Azathioprine (n=1). One patient received cyclophosphamide.ConclusionBy combined imaging modalities, 11 patients (8%) had evidence of ascending aortic damage. Grade 1 diastolic dysfunction can be age related, so this may be association rather than causation2,3. Over half of patients had not undergone echocardiogram evaluation, so there may be a hidden burden of disease. Many patients required GC-sparing therapy, showing GC alone are often not enough to halt disease progression, and vascular damage was relatively reduced compared to historical reports. The authors feel GCA services should include standardised protocols for early DMARDs, continuing thorough assessment for LV-GCA and vascular damage, including echocardiography, progressing to cross-sectional imaging if indicated.References[1]Harkness A. et al. Normal reference intervals for cardiac dimensions and function for use in echocardiographic practice: a guideline from the British Society of Echocardiography”. Echo Research and Practice 7.1 (2020): G1-G18.[2]Sanders, D et al. Diastolic dysfunction, cardiovascular aging, and the anesthesiologist. Anesthesiology clinics vol. 27,3 (2009): 497-517.[3]Jakovljevic and Djordje G. Physical activity and cardiovascular aging: Physiological and molecular insights. Experimental gerontology vol. 109 (2018): 67-74.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Chen W, Su F, Nie Y, Zhong B, Zheng Y, Mo J, Xiong B, Lu X. Divergent responses of soil microbial functional groups to long-term high nitrogen presence in the tropical forests. Sci Total Environ 2022; 821:153251. [PMID: 35051470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A massive rise in atmospheric nitrogen deposition (ND) has threatened ecosystem health through accelerating soil nitrogen (N) cycling rates. While soil microbes serve a crucial function in soil N transformation, it remains poorly understood on how excess ND affects microbial functional populations regulating soil N transformation in tropical forests. To address this gap, we conducted 13-year N (as NH4NO3) addition experiments in one N-rich tropical primary forest (PF) and two N-poor tropical reforested forests (rehabilitated and disturbed) in South China. Based on our data, 13-year N introduction markedly enhanced soil N2O generation in all forests, regardless of soil N status, but microbial functional groups showed divergent responses to excess N addition among the studied forests. In the PF, long-term N introduction markedly decreased presence of bacterial 16S rRNA gene, nitrifier (amoA) and denitrifier genes (nirK, nirS and nosZ) and bacteria/fungi ratio, which could be attributed to the decreases in soil pH, dissolved organic carbon to N ratio and understory plant richness. In the two reforested forests, however, long-term N introduction generally did neither alter soil properties nor the abundance of most microbial groups. We further found that the elevated N2O generation was related to the increased soil N availability and decreased nosZ abundance, and the PF has the highest N2O generation than the other two forests. Overall, our data indicates that the baseline soil N status may dominate response of microbial functional groups to ND in tropical forests, and N-rich forests are more responsive to excess N inputs, compared to those with low-N status. Forests with high soil N status can produce more N2O than those with low-N status. With the spread of elevated ND from temperate to tropical zones, tropical forests should merit more attention because ecosystem N saturation may be common and high N2O emission will occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fanglong Su
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yanxia Nie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Buqing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Binghong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Mao P, Wu J, Li F, Sun S, Huang R, Zhang L, Mo J, Li Z, Zhuang P. Joint approaches to reduce cadmium exposure risk from rice consumption. J Hazard Mater 2022; 429:128263. [PMID: 35074746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In-situ soil cadmium (Cd) immobilization helps to reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain, while its effects on bioaccessibility of Cd in rice during digestion and the associated health risk from rice consumption remain unclear. Here, we combined in-situ soil Cd immobilization and bioaccessibility-corrected health risk assessment (HRA) to minimize both the risk and uncertainty of Cd exposure from rice consumption. Wollastonite with or without four different phosphates (P) were applied to immobilize soil Cd at paddy fields, and their influences on Cd, essential elements, and amino acids in rice grain were analyzed. Moreover, a bioaccessibility-corrected HRA was conducted to accurately reflect the Cd exposure risk from ingesting these rices. The results showed the co-application of wollastonite and four different P reduced Cd concentrations in rice grain equally, while their impacts on bioaccessibility of Cd in rice during simulated human digestion were inconsistent (53-71%). The HRA based on bioaccessibility of Cd in rice revealed that Cd exposure risk from rice consumption was lowest with the application of wollastonite, followed by the co-application of wollastonite and sodium hexametaphosphate. This work highlights the value of bioaccessibility-corrected HRA for screening the optimal Cd immobilization strategy to achieve safer rice consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, and School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
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Christian AB, Grigorian A, Mo J, Yeates EO, Dolich M, Chin TL, Schubl SD, Kuza CM, Lekawa M, Nahmias J. Comparative Outcomes for Trauma Patients in Prison and the General Population. Am Surg 2022; 88:1954-1961. [PMID: 35282696 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221078984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prisoners are a vulnerable population, and there are few contemporary studies that consider trauma patient outcomes within the prisoner population. Therefore, we sought to provide a descriptive analysis of prisoners involved in trauma and evaluate whether a healthcare disparity exists. We hypothesized that prisoners and non-prisoners have a similar risk of mortality and in-hospital complications after trauma. METHODS The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2015-2016) was queried for trauma patients based upon location inside or outside of prison at the time of injury. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to compare these groups for risk of mortality-the primary outcome. RESULTS From 593,818 trauma patients, 1115 were located in prison. Compared to non-prisoners, prisoner trauma patients had no significant difference in mortality (5.1 vs 6.0%, P = .204). However, after adjusting for covariates, prisoners had a shorter length of stay (LOS) (mean days, 6.3 vs 7.8, P < .001), shorter intensive care unit (ICU) LOS (mean days, 5.44 vs 5.89, P = .004), and fewer complications, including lower rates of drug/alcohol withdrawal (.4% vs 1.1%, P = .030), pneumonia (.5 vs 1.6%, P = .004), and urinary tract infections (.0 vs 1.1%, P < .001). Upon performing a multivariable logistic regression model, prisoner trauma patients had a similar associated risk of mortality compared to non-prisoners (OR 1.61, CI .52-4.94, P = .409). DISCUSSION Our results suggest that prisoner trauma patients at least receive equivalent treatment in terms of mortality and may have better outcomes when considering some complications. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm these results and explore other factors, which impact prisoner patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Christian
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - A Grigorian
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - J Mo
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - E O Yeates
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - M Dolich
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - T L Chin
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - S D Schubl
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - C M Kuza
- Department of Anesthesia, 12223University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Lekawa
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - J Nahmias
- Department of Surgery, 8788University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
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Mao J, Mao Q, Gundersen P, Gurmesa GA, Zhang W, Huang J, Wang S, Li A, Wang Y, Guo Y, Liu R, Mo J, Zheng M. Unexpected high retention of 15 N-labeled nitrogen in a tropical legume forest under long-term nitrogen enrichment. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:1529-1543. [PMID: 34800306 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The responses of forests to nitrogen (N) deposition largely depend on the fates of deposited N within the ecosystem. Nitrogen-fixing legume trees widely occur in terrestrial forests, but the fates of deposited N in legume-dominated forests remain unclear, which limit a global evaluation of N deposition impacts and feedbacks on carbon sequestration. Here, we performed the first ecosystem-scale 15 N labeling experiment in a typical legume-dominated forest as well as in a nearby non-legume forest to determine the fates of N deposition between two different forest types and to explore their underlying mechanisms. The 15 N was sprayed bimonthly for 1 year to the forest floor in control and N addition (50 kg N ha-1 year-1 for 10 years) plots in both forests. We unexpectedly found a strong capacity of the legume forest to retain deposited N, with 75 ± 5% labeled N recovered in plants and soils, which was higher than that in the non-legume forest (56 ± 4%). The higher 15 N recovery in legume forest was mainly driven by uptake by the legume trees, in which 15 N recovery was approximately 15% more than that in the nearby non-legume trees. This indicates higher N-demand by the legume than non-legume trees. Mineral soil was the major sink for deposited N, with 39 ± 4% and 34 ± 3% labeled N retained in the legume and non-legume forests, respectively. Moreover, N addition did not significantly change the 15 N recovery patterns of both forests. Overall, these findings indicate that legume-dominated forests act as a strong sink for deposited N regardless of high soil N availability under long-term atmospheric N deposition, which suggest a necessity to incorporate legume-dominated forests into N-cycling models of Earth systems to improve the understanding and prediction of terrestrial N budgets and the global N deposition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Qinggong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Per Gundersen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Geshere A Gurmesa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andi Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yabing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Disney C, Mo J, Eckersley A, Bodey A, Hoyland J, Sherratt M, Pitsillides A, Lee P, Bay B. Regional variations in discrete collagen fibre mechanics within intact intervertebral disc resolved using synchrotron computed tomography and digital volume correlation. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:361-374. [PMID: 34644611 PMCID: PMC8904373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Many soft tissues, such as the intervertebral disc (IVD), have a hierarchical fibrous composite structure which suffers from regional damage. We hypothesise that these tissue regions have distinct, inherent fibre structure and structural response upon loading. Here we used synchrotron computed tomography (sCT) to resolve collagen fibre bundles (∼5μm width) in 3D throughout an intact native rat lumbar IVD under increasing compressive load. Using intact samples meant that tissue boundaries (such as endplate-disc or nucleus-annulus) and residual strain were preserved; this is vital for characterising both the inherent structure and structural changes upon loading in tissue regions functioning in a near-native environment. Nano-scale displacement measurements along >10,000 individual fibres were tracked, and fibre orientation, curvature and strain changes were compared between the posterior-lateral region and the anterior region. These methods can be widely applied to other soft tissues, to identify fibre structures which cause tissue regions to be more susceptible to injury and degeneration. Our results demonstrate for the first time that highly-localised changes in fibre orientation, curvature and strain indicate differences in regional strain transfer and mechanical function (e.g. tissue compliance). This included decreased fibre reorientation at higher loads, specific tissue morphology which reduced capacity for flexibility and high strain at the disc-endplate boundary. Statement of significance The analyses presented here are applicable to many collagenous soft tissues which suffer from regional damage. We aimed to investigate regional intervertebral disc (IVD) structural and functional differences by characterising collagen fibre architecture and linking specific fibre- and tissue-level deformation behaviours. Synchrotron CT provided the first demonstration of tracking discrete fibres in 3D within an intact IVD. Detailed analysis of regions was performed using over 200k points, spaced every 8 μm along 10k individual fibres. Such comprehensive structural characterisation is significant in informing future computational models. Morphological indicators of tissue compliance (change in fibre curvature and orientation) and fibre strain measurements revealed localised and regional differences in tissue behaviour.
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12
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Mao Q, Chen H, Gurmesa GA, Gundersen P, Ellsworth DS, Gilliam FS, Wang C, Zhu F, Ye Q, Mo J, Lu X. Negative effects of long-term phosphorus additions on understory plants in a primary tropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2021; 798:149306. [PMID: 34340072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have disturbed global phosphorus (P) cycling by introducing substantial amounts of P to natural ecosystems. Although natural P gradients and fertilization studies have found that plant community traits are closely related to P availability, it remains unclear how increased P supply affects plant growth and diversity in P-deficient tropical forests. We used a decadal P-addition experiment (2007-2017) to study the effects of increased P input on plant growth and diversity in understory layer in tropical forests. We monitored the dynamics of seedling growth, survival rate, and diversity of understory plants throughout the fertilization period under control and P addition at 15 g P m-2 yr-1. To identify the drivers of responses, P concentration, photosynthesis rate and nonstructural carbon were analyzed. Results showed that long-term P addition significantly increased P concentrations both in soil pools and plant tissues. However, P addition did not increase the light-saturated photosynthesis rate or growth rate of the understory plants. Furthermore, P addition significantly decreased the survival rate of seedlings and reduced the species richness and density of understory plants. The negative effects of P addition may be attributed to an increased carbon cost due to the tissue maintenance of plants with higher P concentrations. These findings indicate that increased P supply alone is not necessary to benefit the growth of plants in ecosystems with low P availability, and P inputs can inhibit understory plants and may alter community composition. Therefore, we appeal to a need for caution when inputting P to tropical forests ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510006, China
| | | | - Per Gundersen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - David Scott Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- Department of Biology, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fiefei Zhu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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13
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He J, Jiao S, Tan X, Wei H, Ma X, Nie Y, Liu J, Lu X, Mo J, Shen W. Adaptation of Soil Fungal Community Structure and Assembly to Long- Versus Short-Term Nitrogen Addition in a Tropical Forest. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689674. [PMID: 34512567 PMCID: PMC8424203 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi play critical roles in ecosystem processes and are sensitive to global changes. Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been well documented to impact on fungal diversity and community composition, but how the fungal community assembly responds to the duration effects of experimental N addition remains poorly understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the soil fungal community variations and assembly processes under short- (2 years) versus long-term (13 years) exogenous N addition (∼100 kg N ha–1 yr–1) in a N-rich tropical forest of China. We observed that short-term N addition significantly increased fungal taxonomic and phylogenetic α-diversity and shifted fungal community composition with significant increases in the relative abundance of Ascomycota and decreases in that of Basidiomycota. Short-term N addition also significantly increased the relative abundance of saprotrophic fungi and decreased that of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, unremarkable effects on these indices were found under long-term N addition. The variations of fungal α-diversity, community composition, and the relative abundance of major phyla, genera, and functional guilds were mainly correlated with soil pH and NO3––N concentration, and these correlations were much stronger under short-term than long-term N addition. The results of null, neutral community models and the normalized stochasticity ratio (NST) index consistently revealed that stochastic processes played predominant roles in the assembly of soil fungal community in the tropical forest, and the relative contribution of stochastic processes was significantly increased by short-term N addition. These findings highlighted that the responses of fungal community to N addition were duration-dependent, i.e., fungal community structure and assembly would be sensitive to short-term N addition but become adaptive to long-term N enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong He
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Nie
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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14
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Mori T, Wang S, Zhou K, Mo J, Zhang W. Ratios of phosphatase activity to activities of carbon and nitrogen-acquiring enzymes in throughfall were larger in tropical forests than a temperate forest. Tropics 2021. [DOI: 10.3759/tropics.ms21-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Mori
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Senhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Kaijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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15
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Cai B, Ma L, Meng L, Mo J, Xu S, Qu B, Liu F. PO-0975 ICT Plus Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiation Therapy in Non-operative SCCH/L. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Zhang T, Liang X, Ye Q, BassiriRad H, Liu H, He P, Wu G, Lu X, Mo J, Cai X, Rao X, Yan J, Fu S. Leaf hydraulic acclimation to nitrogen addition of two dominant tree species in a subtropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2021; 771:145415. [PMID: 33736159 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant hydraulic traits have been shown to be sensitive to changes in nitrogen (N) availability in short-term studies largely using seedlings or saplings. The extent and the magnitude of N-sensitivity of the field grown mature trees in long-term experiments, however, are relatively unknown. Here, we investigated responses of leaf water relations and morphological and anatomical traits of two dominant tree species (Castanopsis chinensis and Schima superba) to a six-year canopy N addition in a subtropical forest. We found that N addition increased leaf hydraulic conductivity in both species along with higher transpiration rate and less negative water potential at 50% loss of leaf hydraulic conductivity and at leaf turgor loss point. Examination of leaf morphological and anatomical traits revealed that increased leaf hydraulic efficiency was at least in part due to increased vessel diameter which also compromised the hydraulic safety under increased water stress. Moreover, reduced vessel reinforcement and increased thickness shrinkage index further interpreted the increases in leaf hydraulic vulnerability under N addition. Our results demonstrated that N deposition may lead to increases of plant water loss to the atmosphere as well as tree vulnerability to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xingyun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Haibin Road 1119, Nansha, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Hormoz BassiriRad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago 60607, IL, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guilin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xi'an Cai
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xingquan Rao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xingke Road 723, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Ge X, Guo F, Fan J, Chen B, Yu L, Ren J, Li J, Lu C, Mo J, Li S, Yuan L, Hu H, Liu Y, Zhou X, Cui J, Zhu Z, Cao X. [ Chaihu Guizhi decoction produces antidepressant-like effects via sirt1-p53 signaling pathway]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2021; 41:399-405. [PMID: 33849831 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.03.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of the antidepressant-like effects of Chaihu Guizhi decoction (CGD). OBJECTIVE Chaihu Guizhi decoction at the daily dose of 17 g/kg and solvent vehicle were administered by gavage in 12 and 14 male C57BL/6J mice for 7 consecutive days, respectively. Forced swimming test (FST), elevated plus maze (EPM) test, open field test (OFT) and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSF) were performed to assess the depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and motor ability of the mice. We further used chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) and social interaction test to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of CGD in comparison with the solvent vehicle. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were performed to detect the expressions of sirt1, p53, acetylated p53, and the neuron plasticity-related genes including synapsin I (Syn1), Rab4B, SNAP25 and tubulin beta4b in the hippocampus of the mice. OBJECTIVE In FST, the immobility time of CGDtreated mice was decreased significantly (P < 0.05); no significant differences were found in the performances in EPM, NSF and OFT tests between the two groups. In social interaction test, the mouse models of CSDS treated with CGD showed significantly increased time in the interaction zone (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the vehicle group, the CGD-treated mouse models exhibited significantly increased protein level of SIRT1 and decreased p53 acetylation (P < 0.05) with up-regulated synapsin I mRNA expression in the hippocampus (P < 0.05); no significant difference were found in Rab (P=0.813), SNAP (P=0.820), or Tubb mRNA expressions (P=0.864) between the two groups. OBJECTIVE CGD produces antidepressant-like effects in mice possibly through the sirt1-p53 signaling pathway and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ge
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - F Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Fan
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - B Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Yu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Ren
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - C Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Mo
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - S Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Yuan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H Hu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Zhou
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Cui
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zheng M, Zhou Z, Zhao P, Luo Y, Ye Q, Zhang K, Song L, Mo J. Effects of human disturbance activities and environmental change factors on terrestrial nitrogen fixation. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:6203-6217. [PMID: 32869422 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen (N) fixation plays an important role in terrestrial N cycling and represents a key driver of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP). Despite the importance of N fixation in terrestrial ecosystems, our knowledge regarding the controls on terrestrial N fixation remains poor. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis (based on 852 observations from 158 studies) of N fixation across three types of ecosystems with different status of disturbance (no management, restoration [previously disturbed], and disturbance [currently disturbed]) and in response to multiple environmental change factors (warming, elevated carbon dioxide [CO2 ], increased precipitation, increased drought, increased N deposition, and their combinations). We explored the mechanisms underlying the changes in N fixation by examining the variations in soil physicochemical properties (bulk density, texture, moisture, and pH), plant and microbial characteristics (dominant plant species numbers, plant coverage, and soil microbial biomass), and soil resources (total carbon, total N, total phosphorus (P), inorganic N, and inorganic P). Human disturbance inhibited non-symbiotic N fixation but not symbiotic N fixation. Terrestrial N fixation was stimulated by warming (+152.7%), elevated CO2 (+19.6%), and increased precipitation (+73.1%) but inhibited by increased drought (-30.4%), N deposition (-31.0%), and combinations of available multiple environmental change factors (-14.5%), the extents of which varied among biomes and ecosystem compartments. Human disturbance reduced the N fixation responses to environmental change factors, which was associated with the changes in soil physicochemical properties (2%-56%, p < .001) and the declines in plant and microbial characteristics (3%-49%, p ≤ .003) and soil resources (6%-48%, p ≤ .03). Overall, our findings reveal for the first time the effects of multiple environmental change factors on terrestrial N fixation and indicate the role of human disturbance activities in inhibiting N fixation, which can improve our understanding, modeling, and prediction of terrestrial N budgets, NPP, and ecosystem feedbacks under global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghu Zhou
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kerong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Liang X, Zhang T, Lu X, Ellsworth DS, BassiriRad H, You C, Wang D, He P, Deng Q, Liu H, Mo J, Ye Q. Global response patterns of plant photosynthesis to nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:3585-3600. [PMID: 32146723 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of plant photosynthetic response is needed to reliably predict changes in terrestrial carbon (C) gain under conditions of chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, using 2,683 observations from 240 journal articles, we conducted a global meta-analysis to reveal effects of N addition on 14 photosynthesis-related traits and affecting moderators. We found that across 320 terrestrial plant species, leaf N was enhanced comparably on mass basis (Nmass , +18.4%) and area basis (Narea , +14.3%), with no changes in specific leaf area or leaf mass per area. Total leaf area (TLA) was increased significantly, as indicated by the increases in total leaf biomass (+46.5%), leaf area per plant (+29.7%), and leaf area index (LAI, +24.4%). To a lesser extent than for TLA, N addition significantly enhanced leaf photosynthetic rate per area (Aarea , +12.6%), stomatal conductance (gs , +7.5%), and transpiration rate (E, +10.5%). The responses of Aarea were positively related with that of gs , with no changes in instantaneous water-use efficiency and only slight increases in long-term water-use efficiency (+2.5%) inferred from 13 C composition. The responses of traits depended on biological, experimental, and environmental moderators. As experimental duration and N load increased, the responses of LAI and Aarea diminished while that of E increased significantly. The observed patterns of increases in both TLA and E indicate that N deposition will increase the amount of water used by plants. Taken together, N deposition will enhance gross photosynthetic C gain of the terrestrial plants while increasing their water loss to the atmosphere, but the effects on C gain might diminish over time and that on plant water use would be amplified if N deposition persists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Hormoz BassiriRad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chengming You
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, and Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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20
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Yu M, Wang YP, Baldock JA, Jiang J, Mo J, Zhou G, Yan J. Divergent responses of soil organic carbon accumulation to 14 years of nitrogen addition in two typical subtropical forests. Sci Total Environ 2020; 707:136104. [PMID: 31864003 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing an understanding of the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) to N addition is critical to quantify and predict the terrestrial carbon uptake under increasing N deposition in the future. However, results from field studies on the response of SOC content and composition to N addition are highly variable across different ecosystems. The interpretation of SOC responses to N addition are often complicated by the differences in climate, soil substrate and other factors. To address this question, we measured SOC and its components in adjacent broadleaved and coniferous subtropical forests after 14 years of N addition. SOC in the top 50 cm increased by 2.1 kg m-2, 1.8 kg m-2 and 1.2 kg m-2 for low, medium and high rates of N addition in the broadleaved forest, but did not change significantly in the coniferous forest. Increased SOC in the broadleaved forest was contributed by the significant increases in particulate organic carbon (POC), humus organic carbon (HOC) in the 0-10 cm and 30-50 cm soil layers and resistant organic carbon (ROC) in the 0-10 cm soil layer. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of coarse SOC revealed a decrease in easily decomposed carbon (C) and a shift in recalcitrant C. The increased SOC accumulation in the broadleaved forest was largely driven by altered rates of organic matter decomposition, rather than C inputs to soil. Land-history and low nutrient availability may have contributed to the lack of significant impact of N addition on SOC in the coniferous forest. Our results suggested the different controls of SOC accumulation and less sensitivity of SOC chemical composition at the molecular level to N addition in the two subtropical forest soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB 1, Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Baldock
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Jun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guoyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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21
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Gehrmann T, Huss A, Mo J, Niehues J. Second-order QCD corrections to event shape distributions in deep inelastic scattering. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2019; 79:1022. [PMID: 31903046 PMCID: PMC6924261 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We compute the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to event shape distributions and their mean values in deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering. The magnitude and shape of the corrections varies considerably between different variables. The corrections reduce the renormalization and factorization scale uncertainty of the predictions. Using a dispersive model to describe non-perturbative power corrections, we compare the NNLO QCD predictions with data from the H1 and ZEUS experiments. The newly derived corrections improve the theory description of the distributions and of their mean values.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Gehrmann
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Huss
- Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - J. Mo
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J. Niehues
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
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22
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Zheng M, Chen H, Li D, Luo Y, Mo J. Substrate stoichiometry determines nitrogen fixation throughout succession in southern Chinese forests. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:336-347. [PMID: 31802606 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view holds that biological nitrogen (N) fixation often peaks in early- or mid-successional ecosystems and declines throughout succession based on the hypothesis that soil N richness and/or phosphorus (P) depletion become disadvantageous to N fixers. This view, however, fails to support the observation that N fixers can remain active in many old-growth forests despite the presence of N-rich and/or P-limiting soils. Here, we found unexpected increases in N fixation rates in the soil, forest floor, and moss throughout three successional forests and along six age-gradient forests in southern China. We further found that the variation in N fixation was controlled by substrate carbon(C) : N and C : (N : P) stoichiometry rather than by substrate N or P. Our findings highlight the utility of ecological stoichiometry in illuminating the mechanisms that couple forest succession and N cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
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23
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Mori T, Wang S, Zhang W, Mo J. Data of ecoenzyme activities in throughfall and rainfall samples taken at five subtropical forests in southern China. Data Brief 2019; 26:103906. [PMID: 31667210 PMCID: PMC6811890 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are referred to the research article “A potential source of soil ecoenzymes: From the phylllosphere to soil via throughfall” (Mori et al., 2019). The data included the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG, EC 3.2.1.21), β-d-cellobiosidase (CBH, EC 3.2.1.91), β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG, EC 3.2.1.52), leucine amino peptidase (LAP, EC 3.4.11.1), polyphenol oxidase (PPO, EC 1.10.3.2), and phosphomonoesterase (PME, EC 3.1.3.2). The informatin of study sites and sampling method are shown in Fig. 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Mori
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,Department of Forest Site Environment, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Senhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
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24
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Tian J, Dungait JAJ, Lu X, Yang Y, Hartley IP, Zhang W, Mo J, Yu G, Zhou J, Kuzyakov Y. Long-term nitrogen addition modifies microbial composition and functions for slow carbon cycling and increased sequestration in tropical forest soil. Glob Chang Biol 2019; 25:3267-3281. [PMID: 31273887 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition is a component of global change that has considerable impact on belowground carbon (C) dynamics. Plant growth stimulation and alterations of fungal community composition and functions are the main mechanisms driving soil C gains following N deposition in N-limited temperate forests. In N-rich tropical forests, however, N deposition generally has minor effects on plant growth; consequently, C storage in soil may strongly depend on the microbial processes that drive litter and soil organic matter decomposition. Here, we investigated how microbial functions in old-growth tropical forest soil responded to 13 years of N addition at four rates: 0 (Control), 50 (Low-N), 100 (Medium-N), and 150 (High-N) kg N ha-1 year-1 . Soil organic carbon (SOC) content increased under High-N, corresponding to a 33% decrease in CO2 efflux, and reductions in relative abundances of bacteria as well as genes responsible for cellulose and chitin degradation. A 113% increase in N2 O emission was positively correlated with soil acidification and an increase in the relative abundances of denitrification genes (narG and norB). Soil acidification induced by N addition decreased available P concentrations, and was associated with reductions in the relative abundance of phytase. The decreased relative abundance of bacteria and key functional gene groups for C degradation were related to slower SOC decomposition, indicating the key mechanisms driving SOC accumulation in the tropical forest soil subjected to High-N addition. However, changes in microbial functional groups associated with N and P cycling led to coincidentally large increases in N2 O emissions, and exacerbated soil P deficiency. These two factors partially offset the perceived beneficial effects of N addition on SOC storage in tropical forest soils. These findings suggest a potential to incorporate microbial community and functions into Earth system models considering their effects on greenhouse gas emission, biogeochemical processes, and biodiversity of tropical ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, PR China
| | - Jennifer A J Dungait
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, PR China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology and School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Huang J, Liu J, Zhang W, Cai X, Liu L, Zheng M, Mo J. Effects of urbanization on plant phosphorus availability in broadleaf and needleleaf subtropical forests. Sci Total Environ 2019; 684:50-57. [PMID: 31150875 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization, the migration of populations from rural to urban areas, has been causing great stress on natural environments, leading to air pollution and nitrogen (N) deposition, negatively affecting forest health. Although there is evidence that urbanization has changed forest N cycling, little is known about whether urbanization also changes the availability of phosphorus (P), which is important for plant growth and forest productivity. To address this question, we carried out a survey in the Pearl River Delta region, the world's largest urban area in southern China, using two types of representative forests, the evergreen broadleaf forests (BFs) and pine plantations (PPs). The leaf N:P ratios in the two forest types were high (20-50) with a significant increasing pattern along the rural-to-urban gradient. The ratios of leaf P:K and P:Na declined along the rural-to-urban gradient, whereas leaf P content did not change in BF but decreased in PP along the rural-to-urban gradient, suggesting that leaf P became limiting along urbanization. The abundance of actinomycetes and gram-negative bacteria decreased along the rural-to-urban gradient, indicating the negative effects of urbanization on soil microorganisms. Principal component analysis indicated that divergent key factors respond to the urbanization and affect plant P limitation in the two forest types. In BF, broadleaf trees showed a greater response to N deposition from urbanization indicating direct leaf N uptake from N deposition is a key factor for plant P limitation. Alternatively, in PP, our findings suggest soil acidification is an important factor accelerating plant P limitation. Our study revealed that urbanization intensifies plant P limitation in subtropical forests, and the effects vary depending on forest types. Our findings provide empirical information to support the management of forest ecosystems and evaluation of urbanization effects on forest health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xi'an Cai
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lei Liu
- CREAF, E-08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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26
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Zheng M, Zhou Z, Luo Y, Zhao P, Mo J. Global pattern and controls of biological nitrogen fixation under nutrient enrichment: A meta-analysis. Glob Chang Biol 2019; 25:3018-3030. [PMID: 31120621 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF), an important source of N in terrestrial ecosystems, plays a critical role in terrestrial nutrient cycling and net primary productivity. Currently, large uncertainty exists regarding how nutrient availability regulates terrestrial BNF and the drivers responsible for this process. We conducted a global meta-analysis of terrestrial BNF in response to N, phosphorus (P), and micronutrient (Micro) addition across different biomes (i.e, tropical/subtropical forest, savanna, temperate forest, grassland, boreal forest, and tundra) and explored whether the BNF responses were affected by fertilization regimes (nutrient-addition rates, duration, and total load) and environmental factors (mean annual temperature [MAT], mean annual precipitation [MAP], and N deposition). The results showed that N addition inhibited terrestrial BNF (by 19.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.7%-20.3%); hereafter), Micro addition stimulated terrestrial BNF (30.4% [25.7%-35.3%]), and P addition had an inconsistent effect on terrestrial BNF, i.e., inhibiting free-living N fixation (7.5% [4.4%-10.6%]) and stimulating symbiotic N fixation (85.5% [25.8%-158.7%]). Furthermore, the response ratios (i.e., effect sizes) of BNF to nutrient addition were smaller in low-latitude (<30°) biomes (8.5%-36.9%) than in mid-/high-latitude (≥30°) biomes (32.9%-61.3%), and the sensitivity (defined as the absolute value of response ratios) of BNF to nutrients in mid-/high-latitude biomes decreased with decreasing latitude (p ≤ 0.009; linear/logarithmic regression models). Fertilization regimes did not affect this phenomenon (p > 0.05), but environmental factors did affect it (p < 0.001) because MAT, MAP, and N deposition accounted for 5%-14%, 10%-32%, and 7%-18% of the variance in the BNF response ratios in cold (MAT < 15°C), low-rainfall (MAP < 2,500 mm), and low-N-deposition (<7 kg ha-1 year-1 ) biomes, respectively. Overall, our meta-analysis depicts a global pattern of nutrient impacts on terrestrial BNF and indicates that certain types of global change (i.e., warming, elevated precipitation and N deposition) may reduce the sensitivity of BNF in response to nutrient enrichment in mid-/high-latitude biomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghu Zhou
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Huang J, Zhou K, Zhang W, Liu J, Ding X, Cai X, Mo J. Sulfur deposition still contributes to forest soil acidification in the Pearl River Delta, South China, despite the control of sulfur dioxide emission since 2001. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:12928-12939. [PMID: 30891701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04831-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide emissions have been regulated at a global scale; sulfur (S) deposition no longer contributes to soil acidification instead of an alleviation effect in temperate regions; however, it remains unclear whether S deposition still contributes to soil acidification in the tropics. The Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China, has been suffering serious soil acidification, but the contribution of S deposition was ignored because of the regulation of S emission since 2001. Here, we chose the evergreen broadleaf forests, which are the typical forest type at the regional scale in PRD to examine the contribution of S deposition and its characteristics in this acidification, based on an established urban-rural gradient in the range of 260 km. A substantial acidification was evidenced by the significant decline of soil pH from rural to urban sites, with mean pH values decreased by more than 0.60 U through the whole 40-cm depths. However, there was no significant difference in soil pH from 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and to 20-40 cm at each site (P > 0.05). Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) showed a similar trend to soil pH, with a significant decline along the urbanization gradient and no significant effect of soil depths. Soil sulfate (SO42-), as the most abundant species in ANC, contributed greatly to soil acidification for the whole 40-cm depth, as shown by the significant positive relationships between it with soil pH and base cations. Soils also exhibited the depletion of base cations with low base saturation (< 20%) and the release of Al and Fe. Our research demonstrated that the severe soil acidification in the PRD region has extended to the subsoil level (40-cm depth), and S deposition is still an important driver to this acidification. Therefore, both recovering the acidified soils and controlling the acidifying pollutants, especially S, are particularly difficult in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Kaijun Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xi'an Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Verghese P, Elsheikh A, Mo J, Jain S, Powrie D. Can ‘Upfront’ PET-CT reduce time to diagnosis in lung cancer target referrals? Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zheng M, Zhang W, Luo Y, Wan S, Fu S, Wang S, Liu N, Ye Q, Yan J, Zou B, Fang C, Ju Y, Ha D, Zhu L, Mo J. The Inhibitory Effects of Nitrogen Deposition on Asymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation are Divergent Between a Tropical and a Temperate Forest. Ecosystems 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-018-0313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zheng M, Zhang W, Luo Y, Li D, Wang S, Huang J, Lu X, Mo J. Stoichiometry controls asymbiotic nitrogen fixation and its response to nitrogen inputs in a nitrogen-saturated forest. Ecology 2018; 99:2037-2046. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
- Department of Biological Sciences; Northern Arizona University; Flagstaff Arizona 86011 USA
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences; Northern Arizona University; Flagstaff Arizona 86011 USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology; University of Oklahoma; Norman Oklahoma 73019 USA
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changsha 410125 China
| | - Senhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany; South China Botanical Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou 510650 China
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Xiao R, Mo J, Zhang Y, Gao D. An in-situ thermally regenerated air purifier for indoor formaldehyde removal. Indoor Air 2018; 28:266-275. [PMID: 29168902 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is a common indoor pollutant that is an irritant and has been classified as carcinogen to humans. Adsorption technology is safe and stable and removes formaldehyde efficiently, but its short life span and low adsorption capacity limit its indoor application. To overcome these limitations, we propose an in-situ thermally regenerated air purifier (TRAP) which self-regenerates as needed. This purifier has four working modes: cleaning mode, regeneration mode, exhaust mode, and outdoor air in-take mode, all of which are operated by valve switching. We developed a real-scale TRAP prototype with activated carbon as adsorbent. The experimental testing showed that the regeneration ratios for formaldehyde of TRAP were greater than 90% during 5 cycles of adsorption-regeneration and that through the 5 cycles, there was no damage to the adsorption material as confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) tests. The total energy consumption by the prototype for purifying 1000 m3 indoor air was 0.26 kWh. This in-situ thermal-regeneration method can recover the purifier's adsorption ability through at least five cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xiao
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing, China
| | - J Mo
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing, China
| | - D Gao
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Mori
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong China
- Forest Ecology LaboratoryGraduate school of AgricultureKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong China
| | - Ryota Aoyagi
- Forest Ecology LaboratoryGraduate school of AgricultureKyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City Panama
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong China
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Mao Q, Lu X, Mo H, Gundersen P, Mo J. Effects of simulated N deposition on foliar nutrient status, N metabolism and photosynthetic capacity of three dominant understory plant species in a mature tropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:555-562. [PMID: 28822339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic increase of nitrogen (N) deposition has threatened forest ecosystem health at both regional and global scales. In N-limited ecosystems, atmospheric N input is regarded as an important nutrient source for plant growth. However, it remains an open question on how elevated N deposition affects plant growth in N-rich forest ecosystems. To address this question, we used a simulated N deposition experiment in an N-rich mature tropical forest of southern China, with N addition levels as 0kgNha-1yr-1 (Control), 50kgNha-1yr-1 (Low-N), 100kgNha-1yr-1 (Middle-N) and 150kgNha-1yr-1 (High-N), respectively. We measured foliar nutrient element status (e.g., N, P, K, Ca and Mg), N metabolism and photosynthesis capacity of three dominant understory plant species (Cryptocarya concinna and Cryptocarya chinensis as medium-light species; and Randia canthioides as shade tolerant species) in this forest. Results showed that two years of N addition greatly increased foliar N content, but decreased the content of nutrient cations (e.g., K, Ca and Mg). Nitrogen addition also increased N accumulation as organic forms as soluble protein and/or free amino acid (FAA), but not as chlorophyll in all three species. We further found that the photosynthesis capacity (Pmax) of C. concinna and C. chinensis decreased significantly with elevated N addition, with no effects on R. canthioides. However, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) significantly declined with N addition for all three species, with significantly negative relationships between PNUE/Pmax and foliar N content. These findings suggest that excess N inputs can accelerate nutrient imbalance, and inhibit photosynthetic capacity of understory plant species, indicating continuous high N deposition can threat understory plant growth in N-rich tropical forests in the future. Meanwhile, PNUE can be used as a sensitive indicator to assess ecosystem N status under chronic N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Hui Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Per Gundersen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Hamandi B, Fegbeutel C, Silveira FP, Verschuuren EA, Younus M, Mo J, Yan J, Ussetti P, Chin-Hong PV, Solé A, Holmes-Liew CL, Billaud EM, Grossi PA, Manuel O, Levine DJ, Barbers RG, Hadjiliadis D, Aram J, Singer LG, Husain S. Voriconazole and squamous cell carcinoma after lung transplantation: A multicenter study. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:113-124. [PMID: 28898527 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the independent contribution of voriconazole to the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in lung transplant recipients, by attempting to account for important confounding factors, particularly immunosuppression. This international, multicenter, retrospective, cohort study included adult patients who underwent lung transplantation during 2005-2008. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the effects of voriconazole and other azoles, analyzed as time-dependent variables, on the risk of developing biopsy-confirmed SCC. Nine hundred lung transplant recipients were included. Median follow-up time from transplantation to end of follow-up was 3.51 years. In a Cox regression model, exposure to voriconazole alone (adjusted hazard ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.31-4.37) and exposure to voriconazole and other azole(s) (adjusted hazard ratio 3.45, 95% confidence interval 1.07-11.06) were associated with SCC compared with those unexposed after controlling for important confounders including immunosuppressants. Exposure to voriconazole was associated with increased risk of SCC of the skin in lung transplant recipients. Residual confounding could not be ruled out because of the use of proxy variables to control for some confounders. Benefits of voriconazole use when prescribed to lung transplant recipients should be carefully weighed versus the potential risk of SCC. EU PAS registration number: EUPAS5269.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hamandi
- Department of Pharmacy, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C Fegbeutel
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant, and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - F P Silveira
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E A Verschuuren
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - J Mo
- Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - J Yan
- Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - P Ussetti
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - P V Chin-Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Solé
- Respiratory Department, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - C L Holmes-Liew
- Lung Research, Hanson Institute, and Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - E M Billaud
- Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen G Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - P A Grossi
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - O Manuel
- Infectious Diseases Service and Transplantation Center, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D J Levine
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - R G Barbers
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Hadjiliadis
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Aram
- Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - L G Singer
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Husain
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zheng M, Zhang W, Luo Y, Mori T, Mao Q, Wang S, Huang J, Lu X, Mo J. Different responses of asymbiotic nitrogen fixation to nitrogen addition between disturbed and rehabilitated subtropical forests. Sci Total Environ 2017; 601-602:1505-1512. [PMID: 28605868 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Asymbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation is an important source of new N in ecosystems, and is sensitive to atmospheric N deposition. However, there is limited understanding of asymbiotic N fixation and its response to N deposition in the context of forest rehabilitation. In this study, we measured N fixation rates (acetylene reduction) in different ecosystem compartments (i.e. soil, forest floor, moss Syrrhopodon armatus, and canopy leaves) in a disturbed and a rehabilitated subtropical forest in southern China, under 12years of N treatments: control, low N addition (50kgNha-1yr-1), and medium N addition (100kgNha-1yr-1). The rehabilitated forest had higher nutrient (e.g. N) availability than the disturbed forest. In control plots, N fixation rates in forest floor were higher in the rehabilitated forest than in the disturbed forest, but N fixation rates in other compartments (soil, S. armatus, and canopy leaves) were comparable between the forests. Nitrogen addition significantly suppressed N fixation in soil, forest floor, S. armatus, and canopy leaves in the disturbed forest, but had no significant effect on those compartments in the rehabilitated forest. The main reasons for the negative effects of N addition on N fixation in the disturbed forest were NH4+ inhibition (soil), the P and C limitation (forest floor), and the reduced N dependence on canopy N-fixers (S. armatus and canopy leaves). We conclude that asymbiotic N fixation does not decline with increasing N availability after rehabilitation in the study forests. The inhibitory effects of N addition on asymbiotic N fixation occurred in the disturbed forest but not in the rehabilitated forest, indicating that forest rehabilitation may change the response of ecosystem function (i.e. N fixation) to N deposition, which merits further study in other tropical and subtropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Taiki Mori
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qinggong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Senhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Gurmesa GA, Lu X, Gundersen P, Mao Q, Zhou K, Fang Y, Mo J. High retention of 15 N-labeled nitrogen deposition in a nitrogen saturated old-growth tropical forest. Glob Chang Biol 2016; 22:3608-3620. [PMID: 27097744 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of increased reactive nitrogen (N) deposition in forests depend largely on its fate in the ecosystems. However, our knowledge on the fates of deposited N in tropical forest ecosystems and its retention mechanisms is limited. Here, we report the results from the first whole ecosystem 15 N labeling experiment performed in a N-rich old-growth tropical forest in southern China. We added 15 N tracer monthly as 15 NH415 NO3 for 1 year to control plots and to N-fertilized plots (N-plots, receiving additions of 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for 10 years). Tracer recoveries in major ecosystem compartments were quantified 4 months after the last addition. Tracer recoveries in soil solution were monitored monthly to quantify leaching losses. Total tracer recovery in plant and soil (N retention) in the control plots was 72% and similar to those observed in temperate forests. The retention decreased to 52% in the N-plots. Soil was the dominant sink, retaining 37% and 28% of the labeled N input in the control and N-plots, respectively. Leaching below 20 cm was 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 in the control plots and was close to the N input (51 kg N ha-1 yr-1 ), indicating N saturation of the top soil. Nitrogen addition increased N leaching to 73 kg N ha-1 yr-1 . However, of these only 7 and 23 kg N ha-1 yr-1 in the control and N-plots, respectively, originated from the labeled N input. Our findings indicate that deposited N, like in temperate forests, is largely incorporated into plant and soil pools in the short term, although the forest is N-saturated, but high cycling rates may later release the N for leaching and/or gaseous loss. Thus, N cycling rates rather than short-term N retention represent the main difference between temperate forests and the studied tropical forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geshere Abdisa Gurmesa
- Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Per Gundersen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Qinggong Mao
- Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Kaijun Zhou
- Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
- Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Ryan C, Mo J, Schlesinger MJ. Antiviral Activities of Peptides with Sequences Related to the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Glycoproteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029500600607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A set of peptides from 6–10 amino acids in length with sequences corresponding to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment glycoprotein, G, has been found to inhibit secretion of virus particles from two human cell lines infected with RSV. Peptides of similar lengths with sequences related to the fusion (F) protein were not effective. A modified assay for syncytia formation was used to measure infectious particles and we found that cell-free infectious RSV was inhibited by those same peptides that blocked particle release. However, only about 5–20% of the total infectious virus formed in the cultured cells was released from the cells – the remaining was assayable only after lysis of the infected cells. Formation of this major fraction of infectious, cell-associated RSV was not affected by the peptides. The inhibitory peptides were ineffective in blocking release of infectious virus from cells infected with influenza, vesicular stomatitis and Semliki Forest viruses. Only a set of specific amino acids in these peptides were inhibitory and they consisted of a very hydrophobic sequence that also required a cysteine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ryan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - J. Mo
- Survival Technology Inc., 2550 Hermelin Dr., St. Louis, MO 63144, USA
| | - M. J. Schlesinger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Hjorton K, Hagberg N, Berggren O, Mo J, Sandling J, Eloranta ML, Rönnblom L. THU0247 The Effect of Hydroxychloroquine and IRAK4 Inhibition on The IFN-A and TNF-A Production Induced by Sle Related Immune Complexes. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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39
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Zhang Y, Xiong J, Mo J, Gong M, Cao J. Understanding and controlling airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment: mass transfer analysis and applications. Indoor Air 2016; 26:39-60. [PMID: 25740682 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass transfer is key to understanding and controlling indoor airborne organic chemical contaminants (e.g., VVOCs, VOCs, and SVOCs). In this study, we first introduce the fundamentals of mass transfer and then present a series of representative works from the past two decades, focusing on the most recent years. These works cover: (i) predicting and controlling emissions from indoor sources, (ii) determining concentrations of indoor air pollutants, (iii) estimating dermal exposure for some indoor gas-phase SVOCs, and (iv) optimizing air-purifying approaches. The mass transfer analysis spans the micro-, meso-, and macroscales and includes normal mass transfer modeling, inverse problem solving, and dimensionless analysis. These representative works have reported some novel approaches to mass transfer. Additionally, new dimensionless parameters such as the Little number and the normalized volume of clean air being completely cleaned in a given time period were proposed to better describe the general process characteristics in emissions and control of airborne organic compounds in the indoor environment. Finally, important problems that need further study are presented, reflecting the authors' perspective on the research opportunities in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Institute of Built Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J Xiong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - J Mo
- Institute of Built Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M Gong
- Institute of Built Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - J Cao
- Institute of Built Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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40
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Chen H, Li D, Gurmesa GA, Yu G, Li L, Zhang W, Fang H, Mo J. Effects of nitrogen deposition on carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems of China: A meta-analysis. Environ Pollut 2015; 206:352-360. [PMID: 26232918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition in China has increased greatly, but the general impact of elevated N deposition on carbon (C) dynamics in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems is not well documented. In this study we used a meta-analysis method to compile 88 studies on the effects of N deposition C cycling on Chinese terrestrial ecosystems. Our results showed that N addition did not change soil C pools but increased above-ground plant C pool. A large decrease in below-ground plant C pool was observed. Our result also showed that the impacts of N addition on ecosystem C dynamics depend on ecosystem type and rate of N addition. Overall, our findings suggest that 1) decreased below-ground plant C pool may limit long-term soil C sequestration; and 2) it is better to treat N-rich and N-limited ecosystems differently in modeling effects of N deposition on ecosystem C cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Geshere A Gurmesa
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Niels Jensens Vej 2, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Guirui Yu
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Huajun Fang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Nong W, Xie TS, Li LY, Lu AG, Mo J, Gou YF, Lan G, Jiang H, Len J, Li MM, Jiang QY, Huang B. Qualitative Analyses of Protein Phosphorylation in Bovine Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated from Embryonic Fibroblasts. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:989-98. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Nong
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine; Nanning China
| | - TS Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
- Nanning Languang Biotechnology Inc.; Nanning China
| | - LY Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - AG Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
- Guangxi Analysis and Testing Center; Nanning China
| | - J Mo
- Guangxi Analysis and Testing Center; Nanning China
| | - YF Gou
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - G Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - H Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - J Len
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine; Nanning China
| | - MM Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - QY Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - B Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources; Guangxi University; Nanning China
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Huang J, Zhang W, Mo J, Wang S, Liu J, Chen H. Urbanization in China drives soil acidification of Pinus massoniana forests. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13512. [PMID: 26400019 PMCID: PMC4585849 DOI: 10.1038/srep13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil acidification instead of alkalization has become a new environmental issue caused by urbanization. However, it remains unclear the characters and main contributors of this acidification. We investigated the effects of an urbanization gradient on soil acidity of Pinus massoniana forests in Pearl River Delta, South China. The soil pH of pine forests at 20-cm depth had significantly positive linear correlations with the distance from the urban core of Guangzhou. Soil pH reduced by 0.44 unit at the 0–10 cm layer in urbanized areas compared to that in non-urbanized areas. Nitrogen deposition, mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation were key factors influencing soil acidification based on a principal component analysis. Nitrogen deposition showed significant linear relationships with soil pH at the 0–10 cm (for ammonium N (-N), P < 0.05; for nitrate N (-N), P < 0.01) and 10–20 cm (for -N, P < 0.05) layers. However, there was no significant loss of exchangeable non-acidic cations along the urbanization gradient, instead their levels were higher in urban than in urban/suburban area at the 0–10 cm layer. Our results suggested N deposition particularly under the climate of high temperature and rainfall, greatly contributed to a significant soil acidification occurred in the urbanized environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Zhang W, Shen W, Zhu S, Wan S, Luo Y, Yan J, Wang K, Liu L, Dai H, Li P, Dai K, Zhang W, Liu Z, Wang F, Kuang Y, Li Z, Lin Y, Rao X, Li J, Zou B, Cai X, Mo J, Zhao P, Ye Q, Huang J, Fu S. CAN Canopy Addition of Nitrogen Better Illustrate the Effect of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Forest Ecosystem? Sci Rep 2015; 5:11245. [PMID: 26059183 PMCID: PMC4462050 DOI: 10.1038/srep11245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition could profoundly impact community structure and ecosystem functions in forests. However, conventional experiments with understory addition of N (UAN) largely neglect canopy-associated biota and processes and therefore may not realistically simulate atmospheric N deposition to generate reliable impacts on forest ecosystems. Here we, for the first time, designed a novel experiment with canopy addition of N (CAN) vs. UAN and reviewed the merits and pitfalls of the two approaches. The following hypotheses will be tested: i) UAN overestimates the N addition effects on understory and soil processes but underestimates those on canopy-associated biota and processes, ii) with low-level N addition, CAN favors canopy tree species and canopy-dwelling biota and promotes the detritus food web, and iii) with high-level N addition, CAN suppresses canopy tree species and other biota and favors rhizosphere food web. As a long-term comprehensive program, this experiment will provide opportunities for multidisciplinary collaborations, including biogeochemistry, microbiology, zoology, and plant science to examine forest ecosystem responses to atmospheric N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- 1] Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China [2] Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Weijun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shidan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Keya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huitang Dai
- Jigongshan National Natural Reserve, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Peixue Li
- Jigongshan National Natural Reserve, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Keyuan Dai
- Shimentai National Natural Reserve, Yingde, Guangdong 513000, China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Faming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuanwen Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhian Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yongbiao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xingquan Rao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Bi Zou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianguo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Chen H, Gurmesa GA, Zhang W, Zhu X, Zheng M, Mao Q, Zhang T, Mo J. Nitrogen saturation in humid tropical forests after 6 years of nitrogen and phosphorus addition: hypothesis testing. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Agro‐ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha 410125 China
| | - Geshere A. Gurmesa
- Sino‐Danish Center for Education and Research Niels Jensens Vej 2‐ DK‐8000 Aarhus C Denmark
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Rolighedsvej 23 DK‐1958 Frederiksberg C Denmark
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Mianhai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Qinggong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Pratacultural Science Zhanjiang Normal University Zhanjiang 524048 China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China
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Huang J, Zhang W, Zhu X, Gilliam FS, Chen H, Lu X, Mo J. Urbanization in China changes the composition and main sources of wet inorganic nitrogen deposition. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:6526-6534. [PMID: 25529490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nitrogen (N) deposition has become a growing global concern due to urbanization activities increasing the large amount of reactive N in the atmosphere. However, it remains unclear whether urbanization affects the composition and main sources of N deposition in rapidly urbanizing areas such as in China. One-year measurement of wet inorganic N deposition was conducted using ion-exchange resin (IER) columns in the range of 260 km from urban to rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, south China. An increasing pattern of wet inorganic deposition along the urbanization gradient was observed and it increased in the order: rural (15.26 ± 0.20 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)) < suburban/rural (21.45 ± 3.73 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)) < urban (31.16 ± 0.44 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)) < urban/suburban sites (34.15 ± 5.73 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)). Nitrate N (NO3 (-)-N) accounted for 53.5-79.1 % of total wet inorganic N deposition, indicating a significant negative correlation with distance from the urban core. Based on moss δ(15)N-values the main source of NO3 (-)-N was considered to be emitted from vehicles. Our results demonstrate that urbanization has large impacts on the regional pattern of wet inorganic N deposition. Thus, controlling NOx emission, especially vehicle emission will become an effective strategy for N pollution abatement in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China,
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Lu X, Mao Q, Mo J, Gilliam FS, Zhou G, Luo Y, Zhang W, Huang J. Divergent responses of soil buffering capacity to long-term N deposition in three typical tropical forests with different land-use history. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:4072-4080. [PMID: 25741588 DOI: 10.1021/es5047233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Elevated anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has become an important driver of soil acidification at both regional and global scales. It remains unclear, however, how long-term N deposition affects soil buffering capacity in tropical forest ecosystems and in ecosystems of contrasting land-use history. Here, we expand on a long-term N deposition experiment in three tropical forests that vary in land-use history (primary, secondary, and planted forests) in Southern China, with N addition as NH4NO3 of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), respectively. Results showed that all three forests were acid-sensitive ecosystems with poor soil buffering capacity, while the primary forest had higher base saturation and cation exchange capacity than others. However, long-term N addition significantly accelerated soil acidification and decreased soil buffering capacity in the primary forest, but not in the degraded secondary and planted forests. We suggest that ecosystem N status, influenced by different land-use history, is primarily responsible for these divergent responses. N-rich primary forests may be more sensitive to external N inputs than others with low N status, and should be given more attention under global changes in the future, because lack of nutrient cations is irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankai Lu
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qinggong Mao
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- ∥University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Frank S Gilliam
- ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755-2510, United States
| | - Guoyi Zhou
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yiqi Luo
- §Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juan Huang
- †Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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47
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Zhu F, Lu X, Liu L, Mo J. Phosphate addition enhanced soil inorganic nutrients to a large extent in three tropical forests. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7923. [PMID: 25605567 PMCID: PMC4300498 DOI: 10.1038/srep07923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition may constrain soil phosphorus (P) and base cation availability in tropical forests, for which limited evidence have yet been available. In this study, we reported responses of soil inorganic nutrients to full factorial N and P treatments in three tropical forests different in initial soil N status (N-saturated old-growth forest and two less-N-rich younger forests). Responses of microbial biomass, annual litterfall production and nutrient input were also monitored. Results showed that N treatments decreased soil inorganic nutrients (except N) in all three forests, but the underlying mechanisms varied depending on forests: through inhibition on litter decomposition in the old-growth forest and through Al3+ replacement of Ca2+ in the two younger forests. In contrast, besides great elevation in soil available P, P treatments induced 60%, 50%, 26% increases in sum of exchangeable (K++Ca2++Mg2+) in the old-growth and the two younger forests, respectively. These positive effects of P were closely related to P-stimulated microbial biomass and litter nutrient input, implying possible stimulation of nutrient return. Our results suggest that N deposition may result in decreases in soil inorganic nutrients (except N) and that P addition can enhance soil inorganic nutrients to support ecosystem processes in these tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhu
- 1] Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China [2] Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lei Liu
- 1] Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiangming Mo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Lu X, Mao Q, Gilliam FS, Luo Y, Mo J. Nitrogen deposition contributes to soil acidification in tropical ecosystems. Glob Chang Biol 2014; 20:3790-801. [PMID: 24953639 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Elevated anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has greatly altered terrestrial ecosystem functioning, threatening ecosystem health via acidification and eutrophication in temperate and boreal forests across the northern hemisphere. However, response of forest soil acidification to N deposition has been less studied in humid tropics compared to other forest types. This study was designed to explore impacts of long-term N deposition on soil acidification processes in tropical forests. We have established a long-term N-deposition experiment in an N-rich lowland tropical forest of Southern China since 2002 with N addition as NH4 NO3 of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) . We measured soil acidification status and element leaching in soil drainage solution after 6-year N addition. Results showed that our study site has been experiencing serious soil acidification and was quite acid-sensitive showing high acidification (pH(H2O) <4.0), negative water-extracted acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and low base saturation (BS,< 8%) throughout soil profiles. Long-term N addition significantly accelerated soil acidification, leading to depleted base cations and decreased BS, and further lowered ANC. However, N addition did not alter exchangeable Al(3+) , but increased cation exchange capacity (CEC). Nitrogen addition-induced increase in SOC is suggested to contribute to both higher CEC and lower pH. We further found that increased N addition greatly decreased soil solution pH at 20 cm depth, but not at 40 cm. Furthermore, there was no evidence that Al(3+) was leaching out from the deeper soils. These unique responses in tropical climate likely resulted from: exchangeable H(+) dominating changes of soil cation pool, an exhausted base cation pool, N-addition stimulating SOC production, and N saturation. Our results suggest that long-term N addition can contribute measurably to soil acidification, and that shortage of Ca and Mg should receive more attention than soil exchangeable Al in tropical forests with elevated N deposition in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
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Mo J. Efficacy of the Phosphorylated Tau P181 for the Alzheimer's Disease Dementia - a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Value Health 2014; 17:A453-A454. [PMID: 27201252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Mo
- National Evidence-based Health Care Collaborating Agency & Inha University, SEOUL, South Korea
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Mo J. Cerebrospinal Fluid ƒ"-Amyloid1-42 Levels in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Value Health 2014; 17:A391. [PMID: 27200905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Mo
- National Evidence-based Health Care Collaborating Agency & Inha University, SEOUL, South Korea
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