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Lian M, Qiao Z, Qiao S, Zhang X, Lin J, Xu R, Zhu N, Tang T, Huang Z, Jiang W, Shi J, Hao Y, Lai H, Dai K. Nerve Growth Factor-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome-Functionalized 3D-Printed Hierarchical Porous Scaffolds with Neuro-Promotive Properties for Enhancing Innervated Bone Regeneration. ACS Nano 2024; 18:7504-7520. [PMID: 38412232 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The essential role of the neural network in enhancing bone regeneration has often been overlooked in biomaterial design, leading to delayed or compromised bone healing. Engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes are becoming increasingly recognized as potent cell-free agents for manipulating cellular behavior and improving therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, MSCs are stimulated with nerve growth factor (NGF) to regulate exosomal cargoes to improve neuro-promotive potential and facilitate innervated bone regeneration. In vitro cell experiments showed that the NGF-stimulated MSCs-derived exosomes (N-Exos) obviously improved the cellular function and neurotrophic effects of the neural cells, and consequently, the osteogenic potential of the osteo-reparative cells. Bioinformatic analysis by miRNA sequencing and pathway enrichment revealed that the beneficial effects of N-Exos may partly be ascribed to the NGF-elicited multicomponent exosomal miRNAs and the subsequent regulation and activation of the MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. On this basis, N-Exos were delivered on the micropores of the 3D-printed hierarchical porous scaffold to accomplish the sustained release profile and extended bioavailability. In a rat model with a distal femoral defect, the N-Exos-functionalized hierarchical porous scaffold significantly induced neurovascular structure formation and innervated bone regeneration. This study provided a feasible strategy to modulate the functional cargoes of MSCs-derived exosomes to acquire desirable neuro-promotive and osteogenic potential. Furthermore, the developed N-Exos-functionalized hierarchical porous scaffold may represent a promising neurovascular-promotive bone reparative scaffold for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifei Lian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai PerioImplant Innovation Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Zhiguang Qiao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shichong Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai PerioImplant Innovation Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jieming Lin
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ruida Xu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Naifeng Zhu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Tianhong Tang
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhuoli Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai PerioImplant Innovation Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Junyu Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai PerioImplant Innovation Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yongqiang Hao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hongchang Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Shanghai PerioImplant Innovation Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Huang P, Lin J, Shen H, Zhao X. PSD95 as a New Potential Therapeutic Target of Osteoarthritis: A Study of the Identification of Hub Genes through Self-Contrast Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14682. [PMID: 37834131 PMCID: PMC10572132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide joint disease. However, the precise mechanism causing OA remains unclear. Our primary aim was to identify vital biomarkers associated with the mechano-inflammatory aspect of OA, providing potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA. Thirty OA patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were recruited, and cartilage samples were obtained from both the lateral tibial plateau (LTP) and medial tibial plateau (MTP). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) assessment was conducted for hub genes. The effect of PSD95 inhibition on cartilage degeneration was also conducted and analyzed. A total of 1247 upregulated and 244 downregulated DEGs were identified. Significant differences were observed between MTP and LTP in mechanical stress-related genes and activated sensory neurons based on a self-contrast model of human knee OA. Cluster analysis identified DLG4 as the hub gene. Cyclic loading stress increased PSD95 (encoded by DLG4) expression in LTP cartilage, and PSD95 inhibitors could alleviate OA progression. This study suggests that inhibiting PSD95 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing articular cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jieming Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
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Cao B, Lin J, Tan J, Li J, Ran Z, Deng L, Hao Y. 3D-printed vascularized biofunctional scaffold for bone regeneration. Int J Bioprint 2023. [DOI: 10.18063/ijb.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
3D-printed biofunctional scaffolds have promising applications in bone tissue regeneration. However, the development of bioinks with rapid internal vascularization capabilities and relatively sustained osteoinductive bioactivity is the primary technical challenge. In this work, we added rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to a methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)/methacrylated alginate (AlgMA) system, which was further modified by a nanoclay, laponite (Lap). We found that Lap was effective in retarding the release of multiple growth factors from the PRP-GelMA/AlgMA (PRP-GA) hydrogel and sustained the release for up to 2 weeks. Our in vitro studies showed that the PRP-GA@Lap hydrogel significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, accelerated the formation of endothelial cell vascular patterns, and promoted macrophage M2 polarization. Furthermore, we printed hydrogel bioink with polycaprolactone (PCL) layer-by-layer to form active bone repair scaffolds and implanted them in subcutaneous and femoral condyle defects in rats. In vivo experiments showed that the PRP-GA@Lap/PCL scaffolds significantly promoted vascular inward growth and enhanced bone regeneration at the defect site. This work suggests that PRP-based 3D-bioprinted vascularized scaffolds will have great potential for clinical translation in the treatment of bone defects.
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Lin JM, Zhang YB, Peng QL, Yang HB, Shi JL, Gu ML, Zhao WM, Wang GC. Genetic association of HLA-DRB1 multiple polymorphisms with dermatomyositis in Chinese population. HLA 2017; 90:354-359. [PMID: 29106035 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JM Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University; Zhangzhou China
| | - YB Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - QL Peng
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine; Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - HB Yang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine; Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - JL Shi
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine; Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - ML Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Liaocheng People's Hospital; Liaocheng China
| | - WM Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - GC Wang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine; Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
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Li BS, Chen LJ, Ke BX, Lin JM, Xu LQ, Tan HL, He DM, Liang YH, Ke CW, Zhang YH. [Etiologic characteristics of Shigella sonnei strains isolated from some areas of Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, 2014-2016]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:1541-1545. [PMID: 29141346 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigated the etiologic characteristics of Shigella (S.) sonnei strains causing outbreaks and sporadic cases in some areas of Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during 2014-2016. Methods: Fourteen S. sonnei strains isolated from outbreaks and 6 S. sonnei strains from sporadic cases from Guangdong and Liuzhou of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were tested for antimicrobial resistance and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Six typical strains were selected for whole genome sequencing typing and compared with 51 strains isolated both at home and abroad from NCBI genome database. Results: The antibiotic resistance test indicated the isolates had high resistance rate to ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and nalidixic acid, while sensitive to azithromycin, chloromycetin and imipenem. PFGE showed high similarity (93.2%) among the strains isolated from different areas. The whole genome sequencing analysis also revealed that all the typical strains were clustered into a same evolution branch, close to some strains from Korea. Conclusions: The S. sonnei strains isolated from some areas of Guangdong and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, but they were sensitive to azithromycin, chloramphenicol and imipenem. The isolates in this study also showed similar PFGE patterns and close phylogenic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Li
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - L J Chen
- Microbiology Department, Liuzhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou 545007, China
| | - B X Ke
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - J M Lin
- Microbiology Department, Shantou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shantou 515041, China
| | - L Q Xu
- Microbiology Department, Huizhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - H L Tan
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - D M He
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Y H Liang
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - C W Ke
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
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Lin GQ, Wu MF, Lin JM. [Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation by microsphere embolisation for a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyophthy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:619-620. [PMID: 28738492 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Zhang M, Lin JM, Li XS, Li J. Quercetin ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by inhibition of the TLR2-NF-κB pathway. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8297. [PMID: 27421015 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15028297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid abundant in fruits, vegetables, and herbs, presents various pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and the underlying mechanism of quercetin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Cell viability was measured by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Inflammatory cytokine secretions and nuclear factor (NF)-kB levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings showed that quercetin significantly reduced LPS-induced cytotoxicity in human PBMCs. Quercetin suppressed the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin (IL)-1b, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated human PBMCs. Moreover, quercetin reduced the LPS-induced increase in the expression of TLR2 mRNA and decreased the NF-kB concentration in LPS-stimulated human PBMCs. The data indicates that quercetin plays an important role in LPS-induced inflammation in human PBMCs via suppression of the TLR2-NF-kB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - J M Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - X S Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Chen F, Zheng N, Wang Y, Wen JL, Tu WF, Du YQ, Lin JM. Sequential intravenous/oral moxifloxacin monotherapy for complicated skin and skin structure infections: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract 2013; 67:834-42. [PMID: 23952463 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The presumed superiority of moxifloxacin for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSIs) is based on laboratory data, but has not yet been established on clinical grounds. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sequential intravenous (i.v.)/oral (p.o.) moxifloxacin monotherapy for the treatment of cSSSIs. METHODS Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published prior to November 2012 were systematically retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Finally, a meta-analysis of all RCTs eligible for inclusion criteria was performed. RESULTS Three studies that enrolled 2255 patients were included in the meta-analysis. There were no statistically significant differences between patients given moxifloxacin and those given other antibiotics with regard to clinical success rate [1667 patients, odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63 to 1.09, p = 0.18], bacteriological success rate (bacteriological success rates: 1502 patients, OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.68-1.18, p = 0.45) or mortality (2207 patients, OR = 1.96, 95% CI 0.79-4.88, p = 0.15). Significantly, more overall adverse events (AEs) were associated with the use of moxifloxacin than with other antibiotics (2207 patients, OR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.00-1.45, p = 0.04). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of drug-related AEs, serious AEs or serious drug-related AEs between patients given moxifloxacin and those given other antibiotics. CONCLUSION Sequential i.v./p.o. moxifloxacin monotherapy is an effective and relatively safe option for the treatment of cSSSIs. Other benefits of moxifloxacin may make it a more viable option compared with the currently used regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Leung TK, Lin JM, Chu CL, Wu YS, Chao YJ. Efficacy of gradual pressure-decline compressing stockings in Asian patients with lower leg varicose veins: analysis by general measurements and magnetic resonance image. INT ANGIOL 2012; 31:534-543. [PMID: 23222931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Most applications of gradual pressure-decline compressing stockings (GPDCS) are used in the United States and Western European countries, with over a decade of clinical experiments. Up to know, there is no standard establishment of gradual pressure-decline compressing stockings for Asian patients with venous insufficiency and varicose vein formations. METHODS We collected data on volunteer candidates of varicose vein for general measurements and assessments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by non-contrast enhanced MRV techniques, and for post processing data analysis. RESULTS Clinical use of GPCDS provide a mild to moderate improvement in the varicose vein conditions of patients with deep venous insufficiency by improving their deep vein circulation, by general measurements; recording major symptoms and complaint; comfort and stretching/flexibility to the candidates after using GPDCS; and area changes/flow velocity changes/available hemoglobin changes in deep veins monitored by MRI. CONCLUSION The benefits and data collected in these results may help in developing compression stockings standards in Taiwanese and Asian countries, and to establishing criterias for product sizes, compression levels, and related parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Leung
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.
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Phillips AC, Jiang CQ, Thomas GN, Lin JM, Yue XJ, Cheng KK, Jin YL, Zhang WS, Lam TH. White blood cell subsets are associated with carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in an older Chinese population: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 26:485-92. [PMID: 21654852 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2011.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cross-sectional associations between white blood cell (WBC) count, lymphocyte and granulocyte numbers, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) were examined in a novel older Chinese community sample. A total of 817 men and 760 women from a sub-study of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study had a full blood count measured by an automated hematology analyzer, carotid IMT by B-mode ultrasonography and brachial-ankle PWV by a non-invasive automatic waveform analyzer. Following adjustment for confounders, WBC count (β=0.07, P<0.001) and granulocyte (β=0.07, P<0.001) number were significantly positively related to PWV, but not lymphocyte number. Similarly, WBC count (β=0.08, P=0.03), lymphocyte (β=0.08, P=0.002) and granulocyte (β=0.03, P=0.04) number were significantly positively associated with carotid IMT, but only the association with lymphocyte count survived correction for other cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, higher WBC, particularly lymphocyte and granulocyte, count could be used, respectively, as markers of cardiovascular disease risk, measured through indicators of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. The associations for WBC count previously observed by others were likely driven by higher granulocytes; an index of systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Phillips
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Jiang CQ, Xu L, Lin JM, Lam TH, Zhang WS, Liu B, Jin YL, Cheng KK, Neil TG. [Dose-response relationship between smoking status and carotid atherosclerosis]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2010; 31:983-987. [PMID: 21162860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the dose-response relationship of smoking status with carotid atherosclerosis in 959 relatively healthy Chinese men. METHODS 959 older Chinese men were selected from Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) on cardiovascular disease. Personal histories were collected and fasting plasma glucose and lipids, blood pressure, and common carotid artery intima-median thickness (CCA-IMT) were measured. RESULTS (1) Composition of the cases: 39.1% were non-smokers, 25.7% were former smokers and 35.2% were current smokers. The mean (95% confidence interval) carotid IMT was 0.78 (0.77 - 0.79) mm. 18.4% of the subjects had carotid IMT equal to or thicker than 1.0 mm while 34.1% had carotid plaque. (2) After adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, body mass index, fasting glucose, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, compared to never smokers, current smokers had significantly increased risk for thicker IMT and carotid plaque [odds ratio (OR) = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.30 - 2.55 and OR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.38 - 2.75, respectively, all P < 0.001]. The risk for thicker IMT and carotid plaque increased with the increasing amount (cigarettes/day) and duration of smoking (years) as well with cigarette pack-years (P for trend all ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION An elevated risk with a clear dose-response relationship was found between cigarette smoking and carotid atherosclerosis. Quitting smoking or reducing the amount of smoking may lower the risk of atherosclerosis, preventing and controlling the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, and reducing the related cardiovascular mortalities.
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Jin YL, Liu B, Jiang CQ, Xu L, Guo LH, Lam TH, Lin JM, Zhang WS, Cheng KK, Gn T. [Study on the association between gene polymorphism of ENPP1 and left ventricular hypertrophy: a Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-CVD]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2010; 31:742-746. [PMID: 21162834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between genetic polymorphism of rs1409181 in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among older Chinese in Guangzhou. METHODS 390 subjects aged ≥ 50 years were randomly selected from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-CVD. Information on personal history, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and lipids were collected. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the indicators of LVH, including left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVIDD), thickness of the interventricular septum diastolic wall (IVSD) and the posterior wall diastolic diameter (LVPWD). LVIDD was calculated using Devereux ventricular mass (LVM) equation while the Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) equation was used to estimate LVH. The genotype of rs1409181 was determined by Taqman SNP genotyping kits using the ABI 7900HT real time PCR system. RESULTS In the GG, CG and CC genotype groups, the proportions of LVH were 21.5%, 28.2% and 37.5% respectively. Compared with GG, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the LVH were 1.39 (0.78 - 2.50) and 2.36 (1.21 - 4.60) for CG genotype and CC genotype of ENPP1 respectively (P for trend = 0.01). CONCLUSION Polymorphism of ENPP1 gene rs1409181 was associated with LVH in the older Chinese people in Guangzhou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-li Jin
- Guangzhou No. 12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
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Xu L, Jiang CQ, Lam TH, Yue XJ, Lin JM, Cheng KK, Liu B, Li Jin Y, Zhang WS, Thomas GN. Arterial stiffness and left-ventricular diastolic dysfunction: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-CVD. J Hum Hypertens 2010; 25:152-8. [PMID: 20428193 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2010.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, is an established cardiovascular risk factor of ventricular stiffening. We studied the association of baPWV with left-ventricular (LV) diastolic function in a sub-study of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. In all, 378 Chinese subjects with a normal ejection fraction (>50%) had baPWV measurement by a noninvasive automatic waveform analyser, carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) measurement by B-mode ultrasonography and cardiac diastolic function assessment by echocardiography. After adjusting for age, both baPWV and IMT were associated with LV mass index, posterior wall end-diastolic thickness and inter-ventricular end-diastolic thickness, but only baPWV was associated with deceleration time, atrial flow velocity and E/A ratio. Multivariable linear regression model showed that baPWV and mean arterial pressure, but not IMT, were significantly associated with E/A ratio (β=-0.02, P=0.03 and β=-0.36, P=0.02, respectively). The receiver operator characteristic curve showed that baPWV was better than pulse pressure or mean arterial pressure to detect LV diastolic dysfunction (E/A<1.0). Our study suggested that increased baPWV might be an independent risk factor or marker for diastolic dysfunction. Early detection of an intervention on increased baPWV may be important for prevention of cardiac diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
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Jiang CQ, Xu L, Lam TH, Zhang WS, Liu B, Lin JM, Yue XJ, Jin YL, Thomas GN. [Effect of physical activity strength on the diabetes mellitus prevalence in the elderly under the influence of International Physical Activity Questionnaire]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2009; 30:462-465. [PMID: 19799141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) physical activity intensity on to the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Chinese elderly. METHODS A total number of 1996 residents aged 50 or above living in Guangzhou city were recruited from the phase 3 of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Information on physical activity and fasting plasma glucose status was derived from standardized interviews and laboratory assays. RESULTS Among the participants who were classified as physically active (60.0%), moderate active (29.8%) and inactive (10.2%), the prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus were 9.1%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively. After adjustment on age, sex, obesity and other potential confounding factors, data from logistic regression model showed that the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for diabetes on subjects in physically moderate active and active group were 0.75(0.46-1.26)and 0.60(0.38-0.97) respectively with P for trend as 0.03, when comparing to those physically inactive ones. CONCLUSION Promotion of physical activity might have had some effects in reducing the risk of diabetes mellitus among the older adults.
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15
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Liou SW, Chen CY, Yang TT, Lin JM. Determination of particulate-bound formaldehyde from burning incense by solid phase microextraction. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2008; 80:324-328. [PMID: 18344073 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-008-9381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the feasibility of using a solid phase microextraction (SPME) fiber for sampling and analysis of gaseous formaldehyde as well as particulate-bound formaldehyde from burning Chinese incense. The SPME fiber with PDMS/DVB coating were partially coated with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine hydrochloride (PFBHA), and used for sampling formaldehyde. The sampling rate for formaldehyde and its dependence on temperature, relative humidity and sampling time were observed. The same PFBHA treated fibers were, in parallel, exposed to incense burning smoke with pre-filtration and without pre- filtration for 0.5-1 min. The NIOSH method 2541 using an XAD-2 tube at a flow rate of 0.1 Lpm was also applied for sampling simultaneously. The results demonstrate that commercially available PDMS/DVB fibers partially coated with PFBHA are capable of sampling the gas phase of formaldehyde as well as particulate-bound formaldehyde. The determined level of formaldehyde was close to the result obtained by the NIOSH method 2541. However, a reduction of the fiber's formaldehyde loading capacity in the aerosol sampling in comparison with gas sampling was noticed. This indicates that the particulate characteristics, and their bound chemicals other than formaldehyde may influence the maximum loading capacity of formaldehyde, and some characteristic particulates in high concentrations may even deteriorate the fiber coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Liou
- Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10055, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lin JM, Jiang CQ, Zhang WS, Hou LJ, Cheng KK, Lam HT. [Electrocardiogram change of workers after disengaging occupational noise exposure]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2007; 25:600-603. [PMID: 18070499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine electrocardiogram (ECG) change of workers after leaving occupational noise exposure. METHODS In the first phase of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study, 10413 Guangzhou residents aged 50 years or more received a face-to face interview including noise exposure history, a full medical check-up and laboratory tests in 2003 - 4. ECG examination was carried out using 12-lead MAC-CS ECG machine made in HP Ltd, Shanghai, China. ECG of every subject was independently diagnosed by two doctors who had obtained ECG diagnosis qualification. RESULTS (1) Among 10413 subjects, 70% were female, and more than half were aged 60-69 years. The mean age and education level in males were higher than those in females. (2) 2119 subjects (21.0%) were previously exposed to noise and were retired now. (3) The prevalence of ECG abnormality was respectively 82.4% and 79.1% in females and males. Rate of ECG abnormality increased with age in both females and males (P = 0.000), and was lower in females with higher education level (P = 0.000). There was not significant difference in ECG abnormality between workers previously exposed or unexposed to noise in both females and males (P > 0.05). 4 Comparing workers previously exposed to those unexposed to noise in both females and males, after adjusting for age, educational level and smoking status, the rates of arrhythmia, axes deviation, atria and ventricle hypertrophy, ST-T change and coronary artery syndrome were not significantly different (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the prevalence of ECG abnormality was not significantly increased in workers previously exposed to noise and had left exposure now compared to those never exposed to noise. Because our study was cross section and occupational history was obtained from a questionnaire but was not confirmed by the companies, further study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-ming Lin
- Guangzhou No.12 Hospital (Guangzhou Occupational Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center), Guangzhou 510620, China
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are well-documented potent regulators of osteoclast development. However, their effects in mature bone cells and in organ cultures have not been well studied. It is uncertain whether their activities in different experimental models are comparable. MATERIALS AND METHODS RANKL and OPG were evaluated for their activities in mouse calvarial organ cultures, mouse bone marrow cultures, isolated rat mature osteoclast assays and rat primary osteoblast cultures. Results In murine calvarial organ culture, both muRANKL (> or = 10 ng mL(-1)) and rRANKL (> or = 100 ng mL(-1)) significantly stimulated (45)Ca release, while OPG (> or = 50 ng mL(-1)) was an inhibitor of bone resorption. Meanwhile, [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in this assay was also modulated (indicating proliferation increases in the osteoblast lineage of cells) although these peptides had no direct effect on [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in isolated osteoblast assays. In mouse bone marrow cultures, muRANKL (> or = 1 ng mL(-1)) and rRANKL (> or = 5 ng mL(-1)) significantly stimulated osteoclastogenesis. The number of nuclei per osteoclast was also significantly increased. OPG strongly inhibited this index, with over 90% suppression at 1 ng mL(-1). Both muRANKL (10 ng mL(-1)) and rRANKL (100 ng mL(-1)) stimulated, while OPG (10 ng mL(-1)) inhibited osteoclast activity in isolated mature osteoclast assays. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that bone resorption modulated by RANKL and OPG, in murine calvarial organ culture, leads to changes in osteoblast proliferation, suggesting a feedback mechanism from osteoclasts to osteoblasts. In addition, it was found that RANKL and OPG have more potent effects on osteoclastogenesis than on the activity of mature osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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18
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Cornish J, Callon KE, Bava U, Watson M, Xu X, Lin JM, Chan VA, Grey AB, Naot D, Buchanan CM, Cooper GJS, Reid IR. Preptin, another peptide product of the pancreatic beta-cell, is osteogenic in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 292:E117-22. [PMID: 16912056 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00642.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several hormones that regulate nutritional status also impact on bone metabolism. Preptin is a recently isolated 34-amino acid peptide hormone that is cosecreted with insulin and amylin from the pancreatic beta-cells. Preptin corresponds to Asp(69)-Leu(102) of pro-IGF-II. Increased circulating levels of a pro-IGF-II peptide complexed with IGF-binding protein-2 have been implicated in the high bone mass phenotype observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. We have assessed preptin's activities on bone. Preptin dose-dependently stimulated the proliferation (cell number and DNA synthesis) of primary fetal rat osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cell lines at periphysiological concentrations (>10(-11) M). In addition, thymidine incorporation was stimulated in murine neonatal calvarial organ culture, likely reflecting the proliferation of cells from the osteoblast lineage. Preptin did not affect bone resorption in this model. Preptin induced phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAP kinases in osteoblastic cells in a dose-dependent manner (10(-8)-10(-10) M), and its proliferative effects on primary osteoblasts were blocked by MAP kinase kinase inhibitors. Preptin also reduced osteoblast apoptosis induced by serum deprivation, reducing the number of apoptotic cells by >20%. In vivo administration of preptin increased bone area and mineralizing surface in adult mice. These data demonstrate that preptin, which is cosecreted from the pancreatic beta-cell with amylin and insulin, is anabolic to bone and may contribute to the preservation of bone mass observed in hyperinsulinemic states such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cornish
- Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, NZ, USA.
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Yang TT, Chen CC, Lin JM. Characterization of gas and particle emission from smoldering incenses with various diameters. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 77:799-806. [PMID: 17219297 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-006-1214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T T Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University, Room 407, Number 306, Yuanpei Street, Hsin Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hsu HP, Sitarek P, Huang YS, Liu PW, Lin JM, Lin HH, Tiong KK. Modulation spectroscopy study of the effects of growth interruptions on the interfaces of GaAsSb/GaAs multiple quantum wells. J Phys Condens Matter 2006; 18:5927-5935. [PMID: 21690808 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/18/26/012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of growth interruption times combined with Sb exposure of GaAsSb/GaAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) have been investigated by using phototransmittance (PT), contactless electroreflectance (CER) and wavelength modulated surface photovoltage spectroscopy (WMSPS). The features originated from different portions of the samples, including interband transitions of MQWs, interfaces and GaAs, are observed and identified through a detailed comparison of the obtained spectra and theoretical calculation. A red-shift of the interband transitions and a broader lineshape of the fundamental transition are observed from samples grown under Sb exposure compared to the reference sample grown without interruption. The results can be interpreted in terms of both increases in Sb content and mixing of Sb in the GaAs interface layers. An additional feature has been observed below the GaAs region in the samples with Sb treatment. The probable origin of this additional feature is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Hsu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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22
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Cornish J, Palmano K, Callon KE, Watson M, Lin JM, Valenti P, Naot D, Grey AB, Reid IR. Lactoferrin and bone; structure–activity relationshipsThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 7th International Conference on Lactoferrin: Structure, Function, and Applications, and has undergone the Journal's usual peer review process. Biochem Cell Biol 2006; 84:297-302. [PMID: 16936800 DOI: 10.1139/o06-057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of the mechanical integrity of the skeleton depends on bone remodeling, the well-coordinated balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. The coupled action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is regulated by the action of many local and circulating hormones and factors as well as central regulation by a neurological mechanism. We have previously shown that lactoferrin can promote bone growth. At physiological concentrations, lactoferrin potently stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblasts and acts as a survival factor. Lactoferrin also affects osteoclasts, potently inhibiting their formation. In vivo, local injection of lactoferrin results in substantial increases in bone formation and bone area. In a critical bone-defect model in vivo, lactoferrin was also seen to promote bone growth. The mitogenic effect of lactoferrin in osteoblast-like cells is mediated mainly through low-density lipoprotein-receptor protein-1 (LRP1), a member of the low-density lipoprotein-receptor-related proteins that are primarily known as endocytic receptors; however, LRP1 is not necessary for the anti-apoptotic actions of lactoferrin. Lactoferrin also induces the activation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and the PI3-kinase-dependent phosphorylation of Akt in osteoblasts. In this study, we examined other properties of lactoferrin and the way they affect osteogenic activity. The degree of glycosylation, iron-binding, and the structure–activity relationships indicate that lactoferrin maintains osteogenic activity in deglycosylated, holo, and apo forms, and in with various small fragments of the molecule. These data suggest that lactoferrin signals through more than 1 membrane-bound receptor to produce its anabolic skeletal effects, and that it signals through diverse pathways. We conclude that lactoferrin might have a physiological role in bone growth and healing and a potential therapeutic role as an anabolic factor in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cornish
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019 Auckland, New Zealand.
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Yang TT, Chen CC, Lin JM. Effect of air flow on emission of smoldering incense. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2005; 74:456-63. [PMID: 15903178 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-005-0607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T T Yang
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 1451, Number 1, Section 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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24
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Lin JM, Jiang CQ. [Clinical manifestation and ultrasonic characteristics of five patients with acute arsenic poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2003; 21:420-2. [PMID: 14761351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical manifestation and ultrasonic characteristics of liver, kidney and heart of five patients with acute arsenic poisoning. METHODS The activity of serum myocardial enzymes, function of liver and kidney, and urinary As concentrations were measured. HDI 3000 Enhanced, and Toshiba 38A two dimensional ultrasound was used to examine the ultrasonic echogram of heart, liver, kidney of the patients. RESULTS (1) The arsenic concentrations in the urine (1.9 approximately 15.6 micromol/L) were higher than the normal value (1.17 micromol/L) in these patients (blood dialytic fluid of one patient with anuria was measured); (2) Four of them had increased WBC, or anemia, and abnormal urine routine to various degree; (3) The activities of serum myocardial enzymes (CK, AST, LDH and HBDH) in 4 patients were at least 2 items increased; (4) Serum bilirubin and urea nitrogen in all patients were increased; (5) The ultrasonic echogram of liver and kidney in these 5 patients showed abnormality to various degree, one of them had slight enlargements in left atrium and ventricle as well as a little pericardial fluid. CONCLUSION The clinical manifestation and ultrasonic characteristics of liver, kidney, and heart were consistent with the pathologic changes in acute arsenic poisoning. Early blood dialysis may reduce visceral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-ming Lin
- Guangzhou No 12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
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25
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Lin J, Jiang C, Ou J, Xia G. [Acute fluoroacetamide poisoning with main damage to the heart]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2002; 20:344-6. [PMID: 14694721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the heart damage in 10 patients with acute fluoroacetamide poisoning. METHODS Monitoring serum activities of myocardial enzymes [creatine kinase (CK), asparate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBDH)] and recording ECG on these 10 patients were performed during the period of their hospitalization. In the mean while, 24 hour dynamic ECG were also recorded and analysed using GP7000L Holter. RESULTS (1) Urinary fluorine ion concentrations were increased in 9 patients before therapy and in all these 10 patients during therapeutic period. (2) The activities of serum CK in 2 patients and that of serum HBDH in one patient were increased before therapy. However, the serum activities of one or more than one myocardial enzymes were increased in all these 10 patients during therapeutic period. (3) Four patients had abnormal change of ECG before therapy and 5 patients during therapeutic period. (4) 24 hour dynamic ECG records showed that there were heart electrical alternans in 9 patients. One patient had wandering pacemaker and 6 patients had arythmia. CONCLUSION Fluoroacetamide may cause obvious heart damage, and also heart electrical alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Lin
- Department of Special Examination, Guangzhou No. 12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620, China
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin JM, Ortsäter H, Fakhrai-Rad H, Galli J, Luthman H, Bergsten P. Phenotyping of individual pancreatic islets locates genetic defects in stimulus secretion coupling to Niddm1i within the major diabetes locus in GK rats. Diabetes 2001; 50:2737-43. [PMID: 11723056 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.12.2737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The major diabetes quantitative trait locus (Niddm1), which segregates in crosses between GK rats affected with spontaneous type 2-like diabetes and normoglycemic F344 rats, encodes at least two different diabetes susceptibility genes. Congenic strains for the two subloci (Niddm1f and Niddm1i) have been generated by transfer of GK alleles onto the genome of F344 rats. Whereas the Niddm1f phenotype implicated insulin resistance, the Niddm1i phenotype displayed diabetes related to insulin deficiency. Individual islets from 16-week-old congenic rats were characterized for insulin release and oxygen tension (pO(2)). In the presence of 3 mmol/l glucose, insulin release from Niddm1f and Niddm1i islets was approximately 5 pmol. g(-1). s(-1) and pO(2) was 120 mmHg. Similar recordings were obtained from GK and F344 islets. When glucose was raised to 11 mmol/l, insulin release increased significantly in Niddm1f and F344 islets but was essentially unchanged in islets from GK and Niddm1i. The high glucose concentration lowered pO(2) to the same extent in islets from all strains. Addition of 1 mmol/l tolbutamide to the perifusion medium further increased pulsatile insulin release threefold in all islets. The pulse frequency was approximately 0.4 min(-1). alpha-Ketoisocaproate (11 mmol/l) alone increased pulsatile insulin release eightfold in islets from Niddm1f, Niddm1i, and control F344 rats but had no effect on insulin release from GK islets. These secretory patterns in response to alpha-ketoisocaproate were paralleled by reduction of pO(2) in Niddm1f, Niddm1i, and control F344 islets and no change of pO(2) in GK islets. The results demonstrate that Niddm1i carries alleles of gene(s) that reduce glucose-induced insulin release and that are amenable to molecular identification by genetic fine mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Chien YH, Chiang SC, Huang A, Lin JM, Chiu YN, Chou SP, Chu SY, Wang TR, Hwu WL. Treatment and outcome of Taiwanese patients with 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase gene mutations. J Inherit Metab Dis 2001; 24:815-23. [PMID: 11916314 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013984022994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ten cases of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency were identified in 1,337,490 newborns screened in a Chinese population in Taiwan. The high incidence of BH4 deficiency in the Taiwanese population may be explained by a founder effect, since all of the patients revealed 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase gene mutations, and grouping N52S and P87S mutations together constituted 88.9% of the disease alleles. BH4 supplementation with restriction of high-protein foods gave control of plasma phenylalanine within normal range, and levodopa itself prevented seizure. However, the average intelligence quotient (IQ) score of these patients was only 76 +/- 14 (56-98). Statistically, the age of starting medication, including 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), was inversely correlated to IQ scores of these patients. We suggest the combination of BH4, levodopa and 5-HTP as the standard protocol to commence the treatment of BH4 deficiency as early as possible, although prenatal brain damage could have existed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
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29
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Lin JM, Shan X, Hanaoka S, Yamada M. Luminol chemiluminescence in unbuffered solutions with a cobalt(II)-ethanolamine complex immobilized on resin as catalyst and its application to analysis. Anal Chem 2001; 73:5043-51. [PMID: 11721898 DOI: 10.1021/ac010573+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using a heterogeneous catalyst, Co(II)-ethanolamine complex sorbed on Dowex-50W resin, the chemiluminescence (CL) of luminol in unbuffered or weakly acidic solution was studied in the presence of H2O2. The maximum luminol CL wavelength at pH 5.7 was 448 nm, 23 nm longer than that in a basic solution (pH 10.5). Three different ligands, mono-, di-, and triethanolamine, and six transition metal ions, Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn-(II), Fe(II), and Fe(III) were compared by CL measurements. The CL intensity decreased in the order mono- > di- > triethanolamine and Co(II) > Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Fe-(III) > Mn(II) > Fe(II). This heterogeneous CL system was developed as H2O2 and glucose flow-through sensors. Detection limits (S/N = 3) of H2O2 and glucose using Dowex-50W-X4-Co(II)-monoethanolamine as catalyst are 1 x 10(-7) M and 1 x 10(-6) M, respectively. On the basis of the studies of the CL, fluorescence, UV-vis and ESCA spectra and the effect of dissolved oxygen in luminol solution, a mechanism for CL emission in unbuffered solution was considered as the formation of a superoxide radical ion during the decomposition of H2O2 catalyzed by the Co(II)-ethanolamine immobilized resin. Then the superoxide radical ion acted on luminol and the CL was emitted. The applications of the proposed method to determine H2O2 in rainwater without any special pretreatment and glucose in human urine and orange juice samples give satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
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30
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Tsai YY, Lin JM, Tsai SC. Giant tear retinal detachment after laser in situ keratomileusis--a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:586-9. [PMID: 11852468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A 42-year-old woman with a refractive error of -10.00S - 2.00C x 105 degrees in the right eye underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) at our hospital. LASIK was performed using the Schwind excimer laser (Keratom Multiscan, Schwind, Kleinostheim, Germany) and Moria LSK--One manual microkeratome with a 130 microns ablation plate. The uncorrected visual acuity improved postoperatively, and the patient was very satisfied. However, nine months later, she complained of sudden loss of visual acuity in the right eye. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a giant retinal tear extending from 10:00 to 2:00 o'clock position with retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. We performed scleral buckling procedure (with silicone band encircling), vitrectomy, and fluid-gas exchange with air/SF6 mixture. The retina attached postoperatively and remained so during 3-month follow-up period, but cellophane maculopathy was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, 2 Yuh Der Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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31
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Qu F, Lin JM. [Determination of coenzyme Q and alpha-tocopherol in mouse plasma and tissue mitochondria by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection]. Se Pu 2001; 19:489-92. [PMID: 12545456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A convenient and reliable liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of reduced coenzyme Q(ubiquinol), oxidized coenzyme Q(ubiquinone) and alpha-tocopherol in various tissues. The compounds of interest were separated on a reverse-phase C18 column under the mobile phase of 7 g/L NaClO4 in ethanol-methanol-70% HClO4 (800:200:1, volume ratio) and detected simultaneously by using a series of detection cells. Electrochemical guard cell (upstream of the injector) was used for eliminating interference for mobile phase. Ubiquinones were reduced in the -550 mV conditioning cell (downstream of the column). The resultant ubiquinols and original ubiquinols and alpha-tocopherol existing in the sample were easily oxidized in the 150 mV analytical cell. The linear range of the compounds were from 5 micrograms/L to 200 micrograms/L with correlation coefficients from 0.9976 to 0.9999. The detection limits were from 0.23 microgram/L to 0.68 microgram/L. The method was applied satisfactorily to the simultaneous determination of the amounts of ubiquinol-9, ubiquinol-10, ubiquinone-9, ubiquinone-10 and alpha-tocopherol in mice plasma and tissue mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Qu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Lin JM, Yamada M. Chemiluminescent flow-through sensor for 1,10-phenanthroline based on the combination of molecular imprinting and chemiluminescence. Analyst 2001; 126:810-5. [PMID: 11445942 DOI: 10.1039/b009620m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A functional polymer for the catalysis of the chemiluminescent reaction and molecular recognition ability of 1,10-phenanthroline was prepared based on the molecular imprinting method. The structural and catalytic roles of transition metal ion interactions were applied in the material design. A ternary complex, 4-vinylpyridine-Cu(II)-1,10-phenanthroline (2:1:1), was synthesized and used as a functional monomer. The ligand 1,10-phenanthroline in the ternary complex was the template used to form the molecularly imprinted polymer. Another monomer, styrene, and the cross-linking reagent divinylbenzene were copolymerized with the ternary complex. The polymer containing the ternary complex is an efficient catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. During the hydrogen peroxide decomposition, superoxide radical ion is formed, which reacts with 1,10-phenanthroline and gives a chemiluminescent emission. The 1,10-phenanthroline was destroyed during the chemiluminescent reaction, leaving a cavity and copper binding sites for another 1,10-phenanthroline molecule. The prepared polymer particles were packed into a glass tube and developed as a molecular recognition chemiluminescent flow-through sensor for 1,10-phenanthroline. The sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on color vision. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. METHOD This prospective study comprised consecutive patients having LASIK. Patients were eligible for inclusion if they had a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better and a normal color vision test preoperatively and an uncorrected near visual acuity of 20/40 or better postoperatively. Color vision was tested using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test (FM 100 test) preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS Twenty-nine eyes of 15 patients having LASIK were enrolled in the study. The mean patient age was 29.2 years +/- 2.9 (SD). The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refractive error was -5.6 +/- 1.8 diopters, and the mean preoperative error score of the FM 100 test was 3.79 +/- 1.55. After surgery, no significant change in the error score was observed at 1 day (4.30 +/- 1.07, P =.1039, paired t test), 1 week (3.72 +/- 1.25, P =.8125, paired t test), or 1 month (3.97 +/- 1.29, P =.6149, paired t test). CONCLUSION Laser in situ keratomileusis did not affect color vision evaluated by the FM 100 test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin JM, Hobo T. Inspection of the reversal of enantiomer migration order in ligand exchange micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2001; 15:207-11. [PMID: 11391678 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enantiometers of D,L-phenylalanine were separated by capillary electrophoresis based on the principle of ligand exchange. Copper (II) complex of 4-hydroxy-L-proline was used as chiral selector. The separation and the migration order of D- and L-phenylalanine were strongly affected by adding an anion surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). Without SDS in the electrolyte, the separation was also carried out but the resolution was very small. With SDS added into the electrolyte, the resolution decreased with increasing concentration of SDS until 5.0 mM. When the concentration of SDS in the electrolyte was over 5.0 mM, inversion of the migration order of DL-phenylalanine was observed and the resolution was also increased with increasing concentration up to 20 mM. It was interesting to find that the inversion of the migration order took place not only in the enantioscparation but also in the positional isomers. A family of a fluorinated amino acid, o-, m- and p-fluoro-D,L-phenylalanine was separated and the inversion of the migration order is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
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35
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Kenmotsu H, Lin JM, Uchiyama K, Hobo T. Continuous preconcentration system for nitrate ions using anionic reverse osmosis tubes coupled to an ion chromatograph. Fresenius J Anal Chem 2001; 369:418-21. [PMID: 11270221 DOI: 10.1007/s002160000649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A continuous preconcentration system for nitrate ions was developed using cation exchange tubing made from Nafion perfluorosulfonic acid membrane. This method is based on ion exclusion effects and reverse osmosis phenomena. The system was evaluated by connecting it to an ion chromatograph. The concentration ratios could be increased by raising the pressures between the two sides of the cation exchange tubing. Twenty-fold concentration of nitrate ion was achieved when the pump pressure was 20 x 10(5) Pa. The relative standard deviations of the preconcentration ratio at four different pump pressures, 5, 10, 15 and 20 x 10(5) Pa were 1.2-2.8% (n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kenmotsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawam, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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36
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Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). METHOD In a prospective study, the RNFL thickness of 35 eyes of 20 consecutive patients was measured before and 1 month after LASIK by scanning laser polarimetry. RESULTS The postoperative integrals and averages of RNFL thickness were statistically significantly lower than preoperative values, except in the temporal quadrant. CONCLUSION LASIK has a significant effect on RNFL thickness determined by scanning laser polarimetry. Further studies are needed to determine whether the corneal compensation algorithms are affected by the keratome flap, whether the decreased averages and integrals of the RNFL thickness are reversible, and how to protect the RNFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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37
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Ray JK, Gupta S, Kar GK, Roy BC, Lin JM, Amin S. Studies on the synthesis of trans-dihydrodiols of polycyclic aromatic thiaarenes as potential proximate carcinogenic metabolites: first synthesis of trans-10,11-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydroacenaphtho[1, 2-b]benzo[d]thiophene and 6,7-dihydroxy-6,7-dihydronaphtho[1, 2-b]thiophene. J Org Chem 2000; 65:8134-8. [PMID: 11101364 DOI: 10.1021/jo005502+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polyaromatic thiophene compounds are found to occur concomitantly with numerous coal-derived products and shale oils and are suspected mutagens and/or carcinogens. The first synthesis of the two title compounds 9 and 16 has been achieved in five or four steps starting from 8,9-dihydroacenaphtho[1,2-b]benzo[d]thiophene (1) and 7-methoxynaphtho[1,2-b]thiophene (12), respectively. Compound 1 was converted to the cis-diol (11) (via treatment with OsO(4)/pyridine) or to trans-diol (3) [via Prevost reaction (PhCOOAg/I(2)) followed by hydrolysis] in 95-98% yield, respectively. Subsequent dehydration (PTS/benzene) of the diol followed by aromatization of the resulting ketone (5) produced the phenolic compound 6 in 97% yield. Oxidation of the phenol with phenyl iododiacetate followed by hydrolysis of the o-quinone monoketal 7 gave the o-quinone (8) in 86% yield. Stereoselective reduction of 8 with NaBH(4)/EtOH under oxygen afforded trans-10,11-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydroacenaphtho[1,2-b]benzo[d]thi oph ene(9) (orange yellow solid) in 55% yield. Compound 16 was obtained as a colorless solid, through the stereoselective reduction of the o-quinone 15 (with NaBH(4)), which in turn was prepared from 12 following the protocol of functional group transformation of methoxy --> phenol --> o-quinone monoketal --> o-quinone, as used in the previous case. The yields for all the steps are very good. The mutagenicity assay of compound 9 and 16 as well as their parent thiaarenes have been performed. The results showed that 9 may not be the proximate carcinogen of acenaphtho[1,2-b]benzo[d]thiophene, while it is likely that compound 16 is one of the possible proximate carcinogens for naphtho[1,2-b]thiophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India.
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Lin CC, Yen FL, Hsu FF, Lin JM. Anti-hypercholesterolaemia, antioxidant activity and free radical scavenger effects of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions used for stroke. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:1387-93. [PMID: 11186247 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001777388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The generation of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation may be factors in the cerebral damage secondary to ischaemia of the cerebrovascular disease, as in stroke. Five traditional Chinese medicinal prescriptions were investigated for their antioxidant activity: Shiee Fuu Jwu Iu Tang (TCMP1), Oh Yaw Shuen Chin Saan (TCMP2), Buu Yang Hwan Wuu Tang (TCMP3), Sheau Shiuh Ming Tang (TCMP4), and Chir Hwu Jia Long Guu Muu Lih Tang (TCMP5). Anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-superoxide formation and free radical scavenger activity were determined by the FeCl2--ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation effects on lipids in-vitro, xanthine oxidase inhibition, cytochrome C system and an electron spin resonance spectrometer, respectively. The results showed that TCMP5 had greater anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-superoxide formation activity than the other prescriptions. TCMP4 had the greatest free radical scavenging effect, TCMP5 showed the greatest superoxide radical scavenger activity and TCMP3 showed the greatest hydroxyl radical scavenger activity. Tests were also performed to evaluate the effects of the five prescriptions on blood lipid in-vivo. The test showed that the prescriptions decreased the level of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum in high cholesterol-fed rats. From these results, it seems probable that these prescriptions may be effective in the prevention and therapy of stroke and ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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39
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Krzeminski J, Desai D, Lin JM, Serebryany V, El-Bayoumy K, Amin S. Synthesis of anti-1,2-dihydroxy-3,4-epoxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-6-nitrochrysene and its reaction with 2'-deoxyguanosine- 5'-monophosphate, 2'-deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate, and calf thymus DNA in vitro. Chem Res Toxicol 2000; 13:1143-8. [PMID: 11087436 DOI: 10.1021/tx000104n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable carcinogenic activity of 6-nitrochrysene (6-NC) in several animal models, and its environmental presence, suggest its potential importance with regard to human cancer development. Depending on the bioassay model, 6-NC can be activated by simple nitro reduction, ring oxidation, or by a combination of ring oxidation and nitro reduction. Only the first pathway has been clearly established. Thus, this study purports to unequivocally define the other pathways. Toward this end, we report for the first time the synthesis of anti-1,2-dihydroxy-3,4-epoxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-6-nitrochrysene (6-NCDE), a likely ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of 6-NC. Also, we describe our initial investigation of its binding with calf thymus DNA, 2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-monophosphate (2'-dGuo), and 2'-deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (2'-dAdo) in vitro. These adduct markers were then employed for comparison with those obtained in the rat after in vivo treatment with 6-NC. On the basis of the results, it appears that the major adduct formed in the liver of rats treated with 6-NC is not derived from 6-NCDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Krzeminski
- Organic Synthesis Facility, Naylor Dana Institute for Disease Prevention, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA
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40
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Abstract
Anoectochilus formosanus Hay. and Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino are popular folk medicines that have been used for treating hepatitis, hypertension and cancer in Taiwan. Our previous studies showed that these crude drugs exert antiinflammatory activity and hepatoprotective activity against CC14-induced liver damage. In this study, the antioxidant effect of these crude drugs and their hepatoprotective activity on acetaminophen-induced liver injury in rat was evaluated. Our results suggest that A. formosanus and G. pentaphyllum do have antioxidant effects. On acetaminophen-intoxicated model, the increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by acetaminophen administration were reduced by treatment with these two herbs. In histological observation, gross necrosis in the centribular area, sinusoidal congestion, infiltration of the lymphocytes and Kupffer cells around the hepatic central vein, and loss of cell boundaries and ballooning degeneration were reduced with herbal treatment. However, the effect of A. formosanus and G. pentaphyllum is biphasic. Methanol extract (100 and 300 mg/kg) and water extract (300 and 500 mg/kg) of A formosanus and water extract (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) of G. pentaphyllum enhanced the recovery of liver injury while treatment with 500 mg/kg of A. formosanus methanol extract resulted in serious hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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42
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Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the incidence and natural history of central islands following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and evaluate the association of central island characteristics with visual acuity. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. METHODS A consecutive series of 406 eyes of 212 patients who had LASIK was retrospectively evaluated. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was measured and corneal topography performed preoperatively and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was evaluated preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS The topographic images obtained at 1 week demonstrated central islands in 23 eyes of 20 patients (5.7%). No new cases of central island formation were identified after 1 week. Of the 23 eyes with central islands, the 6 month post-LASIK maps were available in 20 eyes of 18 patients. There was a significant difference in the size and power of the central islands between 1 week and 6 months. However, the power and size decreased slowly. Within 6 months, only 5 of 20 central islands (25.0%) had resolved. Eight eyes were undercorrected, and 1 eye lost 2 lines of BSCVA. Central islands larger than 1.8 mm or 3.0 diopters (D) were significantly correlated with lower UCVA. CONCLUSION Most central islands that occur with LASIK persist more than 6 months. Large central islands (>/=1.8 mm or >/=3.0 D) are risk factors for lower UCVA. Preventive measures are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, (Tsai), Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang ZZ, Lin JM, Ye GM, Quan SC, Hu JH. [Identification of turtle shell, tortoise plastron and their counterfeit products]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2000; 25:259-62. [PMID: 12512444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the commercial Chinese medicines turtle shell and tortoise plastron. METHOD Morphological identification and differential thermal analysis (DTA). RESULT 2 kinds of counterfeit turtle shell and 3 kinds of counterfeit tortoise plastron were found, and their morphological and DTA identification features were proposed. CONCLUSION Sea turtle shells presently on the market are sham commodities of turtle shell, which derive from Lissemys punctata and Pelochelys bibroni indigenous to south Asia, while plastrons of Ocadia sinensis, Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys olivacea are counterfeit products of tortoise plastron. Turtle shells, tortoise plastrons and their counterfeit products may be exactly distinguished by morphological and DTA features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the ablation centration after active eye-tracker-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and to investigate the effect of surgery, patient, and surgeon on the centration. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. METHODS This retrospective study comprised 177 eyes of 101 patients: 16 eyes had PRK and 161, LASIK. All laser treatments were performed with the aid of an eye tracker. The amount of decentration was analyzed by corneal topography. The factors influencing centration were divided into surgery related (PRK/LASIK), patient related (low/high myopia and effect of learning), and surgeon related (learning curve). RESULTS The mean decentration was 0.33 mm in PRK eyes and 0.35 mm in LASIK eyes. For the surgery-related factor, there was no significant difference between the PRK and LASIK eyes. For the patient-related factors, centration was better in the second eye (effect of learning) and decentration was more severe in eyes with high myopia (low/high myopia). For the surgeon-related factor, there was no significant difference between eyes that had the first 50 LASIK procedures and those that had the last 50 procedures. CONCLUSIONS An eye tracker, which makes the laser beam follow the eye's movements, helps to avoid severe decentration. This study showed, however, that an active eye-tracking system alone cannot ensure good centration. Patient cooperation and fixation are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Republic of China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of recent studies have identified interleukin (IL)-6 as an important regulator of prostate cancer growth. Here, we investigate the potential interaction of IL-6 with phosphatidylinositol (PI)-3 kinase, a key growth regulatory enzyme, in prostate cancer cell lines. METHODS Tyrosine phosphorylation of p85, the regulatory subunit of PI-3 kinase, in the human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 was assessed by sequential immunoprecipitation with anti-p85 antibody and immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine. The effects of wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI-3 kinase, and/or IL-6 on cell growth were assessed by MTT assays. DNA laddering experiments were performed to assay for programmed cell death. RESULTS Tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 is upregulated by IL-6 in both LNCaP and PC-3. IL-6 promotes coprecipitation of p85 with gp130, the signal-transducing component of the IL-6 receptor. Inhibition of PI-3 kinase with wortmannin induces programmed cell death in PC-3 cells. In contrast, wortmannin has no effect on LNCaP growth when used alone; however, combined with IL-6, wortmannin promotes apoptosis in these cells. CONCLUSIONS PI-3 kinase is involved in IL-6 signal transduction and delivers an antiapoptotic signal in human prostate cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Chung
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Gylfe E, Ahmed M, Bergsten P, Dansk H, Dyachok O, Eberhardson M, Grapengiesser E, Hellman B, Lin JM, Sundsten T, Tengholm A, Vieira E, Westerlund J. Signaling underlying pulsatile insulin secretion. Ups J Med Sci 2000; 105:35-51. [PMID: 11095104 DOI: 10.1517/03009734000000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Gylfe
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden
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47
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Abstract
The process of antigen receptor gene rearrangement, V(D)J recombination, involves DNA cleavage by the RAG-1 and RAG-2 proteins. Cleavage generates covalently sealed (hairpin) DNA ends, termed coding ends, which must be opened by an endonuclease prior to joining. Resolution of these hairpin ends requires the activity of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), a protein kinase whose specific role is yet undetermined. It has been suggested that phosphorylation of one or both RAG proteins by DNA-PK is required to activate or recruit the hairpin-opening nuclease. Furthermore, very recent work has shown that RAG proteins themselves can open hairpins. These data raise the possibility that DNA-PK-mediated phosphorylation of the RAG proteins could regulate the hairpin opening reaction. To test this hypothesis, we constructed mutant versions of RAG-1 and RAG-2 in which all four DNA-PK consensus phosphorylation sites were removed by site-directed mutagenesis. Our data provide conclusive evidence that phosphorylation of these conserved serine/threonine residues is not required for hairpin opening or joining of V(D)J recombination intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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48
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Hwang JJ, Lin JM, Hsu KL, Lai LP, Tseng YZ, Lee YT, Lien WP. Correlation of the flow patterns among the four pulmonary veins as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography: influence of significant mitral regurgitation. Cardiology 1999; 91:256-63. [PMID: 10545682 DOI: 10.1159/000006920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the correlation of the flow patterns of the four pulmonary veins as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and the influence of significant mitral regurgitation on this correlation. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-eight patients with normal sinus rhythm and variable underlying cardiovascular diseases underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic studies. Doppler flow of the four pulmonary veins could not be adequately interpreted in 19 patients (22%). The left atrial dimension of these patients was significantly larger than that of the patients with complete study of the flow in the four pulmonary veins (49 +/- 6 vs. 43 +/- 7 mm; p < 0.05). Of the 69 patients with complete evaluation of the four pulmonary veins, 48 patients without significant mitral regurgitation were analyzed as group A, and the remaining 21 patients as group B. The peak systolic and diastolic forward flow velocities of the four pulmonary veins were measured and the ratio of peak systolic (S) to diastolic (D) flow velocity was calculated. Group A had a significantly larger S/D ratio in all four pulmonary veins than group B (p < 0.05 in each pulmonary vein measurement). There was good correlation of the flow pattern represented as S/D ratio between left upper and lower pulmonary veins (r = 0.90) and between right upper and lower pulmonary veins (r = 0.89) in group A. The correlation of the flow pattern among the four pulmonary veins deteriorated in group B. CONCLUSION Pulmonary veins on the same side share rather similar flow patterns in comparison with pulmonary veins on the opposite sides. The correlation of flow patterns among the four pulmonary veins is good in subjects without significant mitral regurgitation, but it worsens in patients with significant mitral regurgitation. Therefore, cautious interpretation of flow patterns of the four pulmonary veins in patients with significant regurgitation is indicated for grading the severity of mitral regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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49
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Abstract
During the development of type I diabetes, the plasma insulin pattern changes. Because the islet secretory pattern has been implicated in this phenomenon, insulin release was measured from female nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse islets isolated at different ages. Islets from 5-week-old mice were used as controls because they had no infiltrating mononuclear cells and insulin release rose almost 9-fold with maintained oscillatory frequency when the glucose concentration was raised from 3 to 11 mM. Islets isolated from 13- and 25-week-old mice were infiltrated with mononuclear cells. In these islets, increase in the glucose concentration from 3 to 11 mM only doubled insulin release. However, despite the cellular infiltration, insulin release was pulsatile. Islets from 13-week-old mice had reduced glucose oxidation rate. Culture of such islets for 7 days at 11.1 mM glucose causes a decrease in the number of mononuclear cells infiltrating the islets, which in the present study was accompanied by a normalization of both glucose oxidation and glucose-induced insulin release. In the presence of the mitochondrial substrate alpha-keto-isocaproate (5 mM) both control and infiltrated islets responded with pronounced insulin pulses with similar amplitudes. The results suggest that the deranged plasma insulin pattern observed during the development of type I diabetes may be related to decrease in the insulin pulse amplitude rather than loss of the pulsatile release from the islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lin
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden
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50
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Testa JE, Brooks PC, Lin JM, Quigley JP. Eukaryotic expression cloning with an antimetastatic monoclonal antibody identifies a tetraspanin (PETA-3/CD151) as an effector of human tumor cell migration and metastasis. Cancer Res 1999; 59:3812-20. [PMID: 10447000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (mAb), 50-6, generated by subtractive immunization, was found to specifically inhibit in vivo metastasis of a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, HEp-3. The cDNA of the cognate antigen of mAb 50-6 was isolated by a modified eukaryotic expression cloning protocol from a HEp-3 library. Sequence analysis identified the antigen as PETA-3/CD151, a recently described member of the tetraspanin family of proteins. The cloned antigen was also recognized by a previously described antimetastatic antibody, mAb 1A5. Inhibition of HEp-3 metastasis by the mAbs could not be attributed to any effect of the antibodies on tumor cell growth in vitro or in vivo. Rather, the antibodies appeared to inhibit an early step in the formation of metastatic foci. In a chemotaxis assay, HEp-3 migration was blocked by both antibodies. HeLa cells transfected with and overexpressing PETA-3/CD151 were more migratory than control transfectants expressing little CD151. The increase in HeLa migration was inhibitable by both mAb 50-6 and mAb 1A5. PETA-3 appears not to be involved in cell attachment because adhesion did not correlate with levels of PETA-3 expression and was unaffected by mAb 50-6 or mAb 1A5. The ability of PETA-3 to mediate cell migration suggests a mechanism by which this protein may influence metastasis. These data identify PETA-3/CD151 as the first member of the tetraspanin family to be linked as a positive effector of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Testa
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794, USA.
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