1
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Vogel F, Ars S, Wunch D, Lavoie J, Gillespie L, Maazallahi H, Röckmann T, Nęcki J, Bartyzel J, Jagoda P, Lowry D, France J, Fernandez J, Bakkaloglu S, Fisher R, Lanoiselle M, Chen H, Oudshoorn M, Yver-Kwok C, Defratyka S, Morgui JA, Estruch C, Curcoll R, Grossi C, Chen J, Dietrich F, Forstmaier A, Denier van der Gon HAC, Dellaert SNC, Salo J, Corbu M, Iancu SS, Tudor AS, Scarlat AI, Calcan A. Ground-Based Mobile Measurements to Track Urban Methane Emissions from Natural Gas in 12 Cities across Eight Countries. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:2271-2281. [PMID: 38270974 PMCID: PMC10851421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
To mitigate methane emission from urban natural gas distribution systems, it is crucial to understand local leak rates and occurrence rates. To explore urban methane emissions in cities outside the U.S., where significant emissions were found previously, mobile measurements were performed in 12 cities across eight countries. The surveyed cities range from medium size, like Groningen, NL, to large size, like Toronto, CA, and London, UK. Furthermore, this survey spanned across European regions from Barcelona, ES, to Bucharest, RO. The joint analysis of all data allows us to focus on general emission behavior for cities with different infrastructure and environmental conditions. We find that all cities have a spectrum of small, medium, and large methane sources in their domain. The emission rates found follow a heavy-tailed distribution, and the top 10% of emitters account for 60-80% of total emissions, which implies that strategic repair planning could help reduce emissions quickly. Furthermore, we compare our findings with inventory estimates for urban natural gas-related methane emissions from this sector in Europe. While cities with larger reported emissions were found to generally also have larger observed emissions, we find clear discrepancies between observation-based and inventory-based emission estimates for our 12 cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Vogel
- Climate
Research Division, Environment and Climate
Change Canada, Toronto M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - S. Ars
- Climate
Research Division, Environment and Climate
Change Canada, Toronto M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - D. Wunch
- Department
of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - J. Lavoie
- Department
of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - L. Gillespie
- Climate
Research Division, Environment and Climate
Change Canada, Toronto M3H 5T4, Canada
- Department
of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - H. Maazallahi
- Institute
for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands
| | - T. Röckmann
- Institute
for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CC, The Netherlands
| | - J. Nęcki
- AGH, University of Kraków, Kraków 30-059, Poland
| | - J. Bartyzel
- AGH, University of Kraków, Kraków 30-059, Poland
| | - P. Jagoda
- AGH, University of Kraków, Kraków 30-059, Poland
| | - D. Lowry
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - J. France
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - J. Fernandez
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - S. Bakkaloglu
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - R. Fisher
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - M. Lanoiselle
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University
of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, U.K.
| | - H. Chen
- Centre for
Isotope Research, Energy and Sustainability Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - M. Oudshoorn
- Centre for
Isotope Research, Energy and Sustainability Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - C. Yver-Kwok
- LSCE,
CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - S. Defratyka
- LSCE,
CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - J. A. Morgui
- ICTA, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - C. Estruch
- Eurecat, Centre
Tecnològic de Catalunya, Barcelona 08290, Spain
| | - R. Curcoll
- ICTA, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- INTE, Universitat
Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - C. Grossi
- INTE, Universitat
Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - J. Chen
- Environmental Sensing and Modelling, Technical
University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - F. Dietrich
- Environmental Sensing and Modelling, Technical
University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - A. Forstmaier
- Environmental Sensing and Modelling, Technical
University of Munich, Munich 80333, Germany
| | | | - S. N. C. Dellaert
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research—TNO, Utrecht 3584CB, The Netherlands
| | - J. Salo
- Geography and
GIS, University of Northern
Colorado, Greeley, Colorado 80639, United States
| | - M. Corbu
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 050663, Romania
- INCAS, National Institute for Aerospace
Research “Elie Carafoli”, Bucharest 061126, Romania
| | - S. S. Iancu
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 050663, Romania
- INCAS, National Institute for Aerospace
Research “Elie Carafoli”, Bucharest 061126, Romania
| | - A. S. Tudor
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 050663, Romania
- INCAS, National Institute for Aerospace
Research “Elie Carafoli”, Bucharest 061126, Romania
| | - A. I. Scarlat
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 050663, Romania
- INCAS, National Institute for Aerospace
Research “Elie Carafoli”, Bucharest 061126, Romania
| | - A. Calcan
- INCAS, National Institute for Aerospace
Research “Elie Carafoli”, Bucharest 061126, Romania
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2
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Melcher J, Lavoie J, Hays R, D'Mello R, Rauseo-Ricupero N, Camacho E, Rodriguez-Villa E, Wisniewski H, Lagan S, Vaidyam A, Torous J. Digital phenotyping of student mental health during COVID-19: an observational study of 100 college students. J Am Coll Health 2023; 71:736-748. [PMID: 33769927 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1905650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study assessed the feasibility of capturing smartphone based digital phenotyping data in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic with the goal of understanding how digital biomarkers of behavior correlate with mental health. Participants: Participants were 100 students enrolled in 4-year universities. Methods: Each participant attended a virtual visit to complete a series of gold-standard mental health assessments, and then used a mobile app for 28 days to complete mood assessments and allow for passive collection of GPS, accelerometer, phone call, and screen time data. Students completed another virtual visit at the end of the study to collect a second round of mental health assessments. Results: In-app daily mood assessments were strongly correlated with their corresponding gold standard clinical assessment. Sleep variance among students was correlated to depression scores (ρ = .28) and stress scores (ρ = .27). Conclusions: Digital Phenotyping among college students is feasible on both an individual and a sample level. Studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to understand population trends, but there are practical applications of the data today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Melcher
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel Lavoie
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan Hays
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan D'Mello
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natali Rauseo-Ricupero
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erica Camacho
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Villa
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hannah Wisniewski
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Lagan
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aditya Vaidyam
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Torous
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Lavoie J, Ménard C, Famulari G, Béliveau-Nadeau D, Enger S. PP-0164 focal treatment of prostate cancer with 169Yb-based high dose rate intensity modulated brachytherapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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4
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Arrazola JM, Bergholm V, Brádler K, Bromley TR, Collins MJ, Dhand I, Fumagalli A, Gerrits T, Goussev A, Helt LG, Hundal J, Isacsson T, Israel RB, Izaac J, Jahangiri S, Janik R, Killoran N, Kumar SP, Lavoie J, Lita AE, Mahler DH, Menotti M, Morrison B, Nam SW, Neuhaus L, Qi HY, Quesada N, Repingon A, Sabapathy KK, Schuld M, Su D, Swinarton J, Száva A, Tan K, Tan P, Vaidya VD, Vernon Z, Zabaneh Z, Zhang Y. Quantum circuits with many photons on a programmable nanophotonic chip. Nature 2021; 591:54-60. [PMID: 33658692 PMCID: PMC11008968 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Growing interest in quantum computing for practical applications has led to a surge in the availability of programmable machines for executing quantum algorithms1,2. Present-day photonic quantum computers3-7 have been limited either to non-deterministic operation, low photon numbers and rates, or fixed random gate sequences. Here we introduce a full-stack hardware-software system for executing many-photon quantum circuit operations using integrated nanophotonics: a programmable chip, operating at room temperature and interfaced with a fully automated control system. The system enables remote users to execute quantum algorithms that require up to eight modes of strongly squeezed vacuum initialized as two-mode squeezed states in single temporal modes, a fully general and programmable four-mode interferometer, and photon number-resolving readout on all outputs. Detection of multi-photon events with photon numbers and rates exceeding any previous programmable quantum optical demonstration is made possible by strong squeezing and high sampling rates. We verify the non-classicality of the device output, and use the platform to carry out proof-of-principle demonstrations of three quantum algorithms: Gaussian boson sampling, molecular vibronic spectra and graph similarity8. These demonstrations validate the platform as a launchpad for scaling photonic technologies for quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - I Dhand
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - T Gerrits
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - L G Helt
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Hundal
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - J Izaac
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - R Janik
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - J Lavoie
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A E Lita
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - S W Nam
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - H Y Qi
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - M Schuld
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Su
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - A Száva
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Tan
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Tan
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Z Vernon
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Y Zhang
- Xanadu, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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5
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Vaidya VD, Morrison B, Helt LG, Shahrokshahi R, Mahler DH, Collins MJ, Tan K, Lavoie J, Repingon A, Menotti M, Quesada N, Pooser RC, Lita AE, Gerrits T, Nam SW, Vernon Z. Broadband quadrature-squeezed vacuum and nonclassical photon number correlations from a nanophotonic device. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/39/eaba9186. [PMID: 32967824 PMCID: PMC7531882 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba9186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report demonstrations of both quadrature-squeezed vacuum and photon number difference squeezing generated in an integrated nanophotonic device. Squeezed light is generated via strongly driven spontaneous four-wave mixing below threshold in silicon nitride microring resonators. The generated light is characterized with both homodyne detection and direct measurements of photon statistics using photon number-resolving transition-edge sensors. We measure 1.0(1) decibels of broadband quadrature squeezing (~4 decibels inferred on-chip) and 1.5(3) decibels of photon number difference squeezing (~7 decibels inferred on-chip). Nearly single temporal mode operation is achieved, with measured raw unheralded second-order correlations g (2) as high as 1.95(1). Multiphoton events of over 10 photons are directly detected with rates exceeding any previous quantum optical demonstration using integrated nanophotonics. These results will have an enabling impact on scaling continuous variable quantum technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - L G Helt
- Xanadu, Toronto, ON M5G 2C8, Canada
| | | | | | | | - K Tan
- Xanadu, Toronto, ON M5G 2C8, Canada
| | - J Lavoie
- Xanadu, Toronto, ON M5G 2C8, Canada
| | | | | | | | - R C Pooser
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - A E Lita
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - T Gerrits
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - S W Nam
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Z Vernon
- Xanadu, Toronto, ON M5G 2C8, Canada.
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6
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Marc C, Achille A, É Pepin, Raguema N, Lavoie J, Bertagnolli M. ACTIVATION OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS AND THROMBOSPONDIN-1 ANTI-ANGIOGENIC MECHANISMS IN PLACENTAS OF HYPERTENSIVE MICE. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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7
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de Denus S, Dubé M, Fouodjio R, Huynh T, Leblanc M, Lepage S, Sheppard R, Giannetti N, Lavoie J, Mansour A, Phillips M, Turgeon J, Provost S, Normand V, Mongrain I, Langlois M, O'Meara E, Ducharme A, Racine N, Guertin M, Tardif J, Rouleau J, White M. A PROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF AGTR1 A1166C ON THE NEUROHORMONAL AND HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF CANDESARTAN IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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8
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Ulsh BA, Dolling J, Lavoie J, Mitchel REJ, Boreham DR. Chromosome Damage Caused by Accidental Chronic Whole-Body Gamma Radiation Exposure in Thailand. Dose Response 2015; 13:1559325815614302. [PMID: 26740811 PMCID: PMC4674019 DOI: 10.1177/1559325815614302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In February 2000, a radiation incident involving a medical 60Co source occurred in a metal scrapyard in Thailand. Several individuals were suspected to have received chronic or fractionated exposures ranging from a few mGy to a several Gy. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization to paint chromosomes, we determined the frequencies of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 13 people who entered the scrapyard, 3 people who involved in recovering the source, and 9 nearby residents. Aberration frequencies greater than controls were observed in 13 of the donors at 3 months postexposure. The predominant form of aberration observed was simple, complete, symmetrical translocations. An approximate 50% decrease in these aberrations and in total color junctions was observed in 7 donors resampled at 16 months postexposure. Although high, acute exposures are known to have detrimental effects, the biological consequences of chronic, low dose-rate radiation exposures are unclear. Thirteen of the donors had elevated aberration frequencies, and 6 also had symptoms of acute radiation syndrome. If there are any long-term health consequences of this incident, it will most likely occur among this group of individuals. The consequences for the remaining donors, who presumably received lower total doses delivered at lower dose rates, are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Ulsh
- McMaster University Institute of Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; M. H. Chew & Associates, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Dolling
- McMaster University Institute of Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Lavoie
- McMaster University Institute of Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - R E J Mitchel
- Chalk River Laboratories, Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada
| | - D R Boreham
- McMaster University Institute of Applied Radiation Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Moussa A, Luangxay Y, Tremblay S, Lavoie J, Aube G, Savoie E, Lachance C. 7: Neonatal Endotracheal Intubation Learned with Videolaryngoscope is Maintained with Classic Laryngoscope: Phase 2 of a Crossover Randomized Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e33a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Moussa A, Luangxay Y, Tremblay S, Lavoie J, Aube G, Savoie E, Lachance C. 42: Videolaryngoscope vs Classic Laryngoscope in Teaching Neonatal Endotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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11
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Mohamed I, Rouleau T, Elremaly W, Lavoie J. 89: Early Postnatal Exposure to Oxidants Induces Prolonged Oxidative Stress and Increases the Incidence of Oxidative Stress Related Diseases in Preterm Infants les Less than 29 Weeks Gestational Age. Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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12
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St-Louis M, Constanzo-Yanez J, Ethier C, Lavoie J, Deschênes E, Perreault J. Red blood cell antigen portrait of self-identified black donors in Quebec. Transfus Med 2014; 24:105-8. [PMID: 24479606 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to establish a red blood cell antigen portrait of self-identified Black donors for the province of Quebec, Canada. BACKGROUND The demand for extensively phenotyped red blood cells is on the rise. A good example is the sickle cell patient cohort. To better answer their transfusion needs, Héma-Québec put forward great efforts to increase the recruitment of donors among cultural communities. MATERIALS AND METHODS In October 2009, an optional question was added on the record of donation to indicate the donor's ethnicity. Self-identified Black donors were extensively phenotyped by the Immunohematology Laboratory, whereas the Research and Development team genotyped red blood cell antigens to complete the picture. RESULTS Approximately 1500 self-identified Black donors have donated blood at least once since the beginning of the programme. Genotyping results predicted rare phenotypes: 18 S-s- (3 U-, 15 U+(w) ), 15 Js(a+b-), 5 Hy-, 3 Jo(a-), 34 hr(B) +(w) /- and 15 hr(B)-. CONCLUSION These Black donors, with or without a rare phenotype, are precious to the patient cohort depending on blood transfusions and to our organisation as the blood provider for the whole province of Quebec.
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Affiliation(s)
- M St-Louis
- Héma-Québec, Research and Development, Quebec City
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13
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Fisher KAG, Broadbent A, Shalm LK, Yan Z, Lavoie J, Prevedel R, Jennewein T, Resch KJ. Quantum computing on encrypted data. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3074. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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14
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Juster RP, Moskowitz DS, Lavoie J, D'Antono B. Sex-specific interaction effects of age, occupational status, and workplace stress on psychiatric symptoms and allostatic load among healthy Montreal workers. Stress 2013; 16:616-29. [PMID: 23952366 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2013.835395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Socio-demographics and workplace stress may affect men and women differently. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess sex-specific interactions among age, occupational status, and workplace Demand-Control-Support (D-C-S) factors in relation to psychiatric symptoms and allostatic load levels representing multi-systemic "wear and tear". It was hypothesized that beyond main effects, D-C-S factors would be moderated by occupational status and age in sex-specific directions predictive of subjective psychiatric symptoms and objective physiological dysregulations. Participants included healthy male (n = 81) and female (n = 118) Montreal workers aged 20 to 64 years (Men: M = 39.4 years, SD = 11.3; Women: M = 42.8 years, SD = 11.38). The Job Content Questionnaire was administered to assess workplace D-C-S factors that included psychological demands, decisional latitude, and social support. Occupational status was coded using the Nam--Powers--Boyd system derived from the Canadian census. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory II. Sex-specific allostatic load indices were calculated based on fifteen biomarkers. Regression analyses revealed that higher social support was associated with less depressive symptoms in middle aged (p = 0.033) and older men (p = 0.027). Higher occupational status was associated with higher allostatic load levels for men (p = 0.035), while the reverse occurred for women (p = 0.048). Women with lower occupational status but with higher decision latitude had lower allostatic load levels, as did middle-aged (p = 0.031) and older women (p = 0.003) with higher psychological demands. In summary, age and occupational status moderated workplace stress in sex-specific ways that have occupational health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert-Paul Juster
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University , Montréal, Québec , Canada
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15
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de Denus S, Mansour A, Lepage S, Leblanc M, Kouz S, Huynh T, Dion D, Dubé M, Phillips M, Turgeon J, Lavoie J, O'Meara E, Ducharme A, Guertin M, Racine N, Tardif J, Rouleau J, White M. Predictors of Neurohormonal and Hemodynamic Effects of Candesartan in Hf Patients Treated With an Ace Inhibitor. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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16
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Abstract
The traditional approach to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation involves the administration of myeloablative preparative regimens. This form of conditioning is associated with a relatively high incidence of regimen-related toxicity. As a result, candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation may be excluded owing to advanced age or co-morbid medical illness. Recently, so-called "non-myeloablative" regimens have been introduced, where less intense conditioning therapy is used in an attempt to reduce regimen-related toxicity. In addition, non-myeloablative transplantation takes advantage of the graft-versus-tumour effect that is characteristic of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We review the background, available clinical data, and future directions in non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation, and focus on its potential use in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Seftel
- Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program of British Columbia, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Center, University of British Columbia, Canada.
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17
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Vitiello D, Harel F, Touyz RM, Sirois MG, Lavoie J, Myers J, Gayda M, Chabot-Blanchet M, Rouleau JL, De Denus S, White M. Abstract 500: Basal Peripheral Arterial Blood Flow Increases Concomitantly with Decreased Cardiopulmonary Reserve and Biomarkers Activation in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.33.suppl_1.a500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
The underlying pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains poorly understood. Changes in peripheral arterial function concomitantly with the evaluation of cardiopulmonary reserve and biomarkers related to wall stress, extra-cellular matrix turnover (ECM), subclinical inflammation and oxidative stress have not been investigated in patients with HFpEF nor compared with age-matched healthy volunteers (HV). We hypothesized that patients with HFpEF would have impairments in cardiac reserve with reduced peripheral arterial function associated with broad-spectrum biomarkers activation.
Methods
Eighteen male and female HFpEF patients (aged 70 ± 9 yr) NYHA class II and III were recruited. Data from patients were compared with those from 14 age and sex matched HV. A maximal exercise testing with gas exchange analysis was completed on a treadmill using a RAMP protocol and heart rate recovery (HRR) was measured at 1 and 2 minutes following exercise. Peripheral arterial function was assessed using near infrared radionuclide plethysmography. Biomarkers included BNP, NT-proBNP, hsCRP, TBARS, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α, MMP 1, 2, 9 and TIMP 1, 2, 3, 4) were analyzed.
Results
Selected data are presented in the Table 1 and 2.
Conclusions
Compared to healthy volunteers, patients with HFpEF demonstrated a significant decrease in aerobic capacity but an increase in basal peripheral arterial blood flow, subclinical inflammation and oxidative stress. The increase in resting arterial blood flow may be a compensatory mechanism for the decrease in cardiac reserve and the pro-inflammatory/oxidant milieu in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Vitiello
- MEDICINE AND PHARMACOLOGY, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Rhian M Touyz
- MEDICINE, Institute of Cardiovascular and Med Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joel Lavoie
- MEDICINE, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jonathan Myers
- MEDICINE, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- MEDICINE AND PHARMACOLOGY, Montreal Heart Institute, MONTREAL, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Michel White
- MEDICINE, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
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18
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Roy K, O'Meara E, de Denus S, Blondeau L, Ducharme A, White M, Racine N, Liszkowski M, Sirois M, Lavoie J, Rouleau J, Dupuis J. 513 Elevated Osteopontin Levels in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Describing a Specific Physiopathologal Process. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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19
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Vitiello D, Harel F, Touyz R, Sirois M, Lavoie J, Gayda M, de Denus S, White M. 370 Increase Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Basal Peripheral Arterial Blood Flow in Ambulatory Patients Suffering from Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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20
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Mohamed I, Rouleau T, Elremaly W, Lavoie J. Does Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Relate to Redox Status in Infants Less than 29 Weeks of Gestational Age? Paediatr Child Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/17.suppl_a.7ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Mohamed I, Rouleau T, Lavoie J. Total Parenteral Nutrition as a Source of Oxidant Load Leading to Bronchopulmoanry Dyplasia. Paediatr Child Health 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/17.suppl_a.34a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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22
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Thibault B, Ducharme A, Harel F, White M, O'Meara E, Guertin MC, Lavoie J, Frasure-Smith N, Dubuc M, Guerra P, Macle L, Rivard L, Roy D, Talajic M, Khairy P. Left Ventricular Versus Simultaneous Biventricular Pacing in Patients With Heart Failure and a QRS Complex ≥120 Milliseconds. Circulation 2011; 124:2874-81. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.032904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Left ventricular (LV) pacing alone may theoretically avoid deleterious effects of right ventricular pacing.
Methods and Results—
In a multicenter, double-blind, crossover trial, we compared the effects of LV and biventricular (BiV) pacing on exercise tolerance and LV remodeling in patients with an LV ejection fraction ≤35%, QRS ≥120 milliseconds, and symptoms of heart failure. A total of 211 patients were recruited from 11 centers. After a run-in period of 2 to 8 weeks, 121 qualifying patients were randomized to LV followed by BiV pacing or vice versa for consecutive 6-month periods. The greatest improvement in New York Heart Association class and 6-minute walk test occurred during the run-in phase before randomization. Exercise duration at 75% of peak V
o
2
(primary outcome) increased from 9.3±6.4 to 14.0±11.9 and 14.3±12.5 minutes with LV and BiV pacing, respectively, with no difference between groups (
P
=0.4327). LV ejection fraction improved from 24.4±6.3% to 31.9±10.8% and 30.9±9.8% with LV and BiV pacing, respectively, with no difference between groups (
P
=0.4530). Reductions in LV end-systolic volume were likewise similar (
P
=0.6788). The proportion of clinical responders (≥20% increase in exercise duration) to LV and BiV pacing was 48.0% and 55.1% (
P
=0.1615). Positive remodeling responses (≥15% reduction in LV end-systolic volume) were observed in 46.7% and 55.4% (
P
=0.0881). Overall, 30.6% of LV nonresponders improved with BiV and 17.1% of BiV nonresponders improved with LV pacing.
Conclusion—
LV pacing is not superior to BiV pacing. However, nonresponders to BiV pacing may respond favorably to LV pacing, suggesting a potential role as tiered therapy.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00901212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Thibault
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anique Ducharme
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - François Harel
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel White
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Guertin
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel Lavoie
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nancy Frasure-Smith
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Dubuc
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Guerra
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Macle
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Léna Rivard
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mario Talajic
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Khairy
- From the Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal (B.T., A.D., F.H., M.W., E.O., J.L., M.D., P.G., L.M., L.R., D.R., M.T., P.K.), Montreal Heart Institute Coordinating Centre (M.-C.G.), and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université McGill (N.F.-S.), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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23
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Dawson AJ, McGowan-Jordan J, Chernos J, Xu J, Lavoie J, Wang JC, Steinraths M, Shetty S. Canadian College of Medical Geneticists guidelines for the indications, analysis, and reporting of cancer specimens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:e250-5. [PMID: 21980257 DOI: 10.3747/co.v18i5.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Canadian College of Medical Geneticists (ccmg) is a national organization of medical and laboratory geneticists. The mission of the ccmg is to establish and maintain high-quality professional and ethical standards for medical genetics services in Canada and to help to ensure that service of the highest quality is delivered to the Canadian public.Cancer cytogenetics is one of the sections of practice of the ccmg. The ccmg Cytogenetic Committee has, therefore, put forward guidelines to provide oncologists and ccmg cytogeneticists with a comprehensive review of the cytogenetic diagnostic tests that are recommended as a minimum standard of care for tumours of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues and for tumours of soft tissue and bone. The guidelines were approved by the ccmg board of directors in June 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Dawson
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Diagnostic Services Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB. (Chair, ccmg Cytogenetic Committee 2009-2010)
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24
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Lavoie J, Srinivasan S, Nagarajan R. Using cheminformatics to find simulants for chemical warfare agents. J Hazard Mater 2011; 194:85-91. [PMID: 21872989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Direct experimentation with chemical warfare agents (CWA) to study important problems such as their permeation across protective barrier materials, decontamination of equipment and facilities, or the environmental transport and fate of CWAs is not feasible because of the obvious toxicity of the CWAs and associated restrictions on their laboratory use. The common practice is to use "simulants," namely, analogous chemicals that closely resemble the CWAs but are less toxic, with the expectation that the results attained for simulants can be correlated to how the CWAs would perform. Simulants have been traditionally chosen by experts, by means of intuition, using similarity in one or more physical properties (such as vapor pressure or aqueous solubility) or in the molecular structural features (such as functional groups) between the stimulant and the CWA. This work is designed to automate the simulant identification process backed by quantitative metrics, by means of chemical similarity search software routinely used in pharmaceutical drug discovery. The question addressed here is: By the metrics of such software, how similar are traditional simulants to CWAs? That is, what is the numerical "distance" between each CWA and its customary simulants in the quantitative space of molecular descriptors? The answers show promise for finding close but less toxic simulants for the ever-increasing numbers of CWAs objectively and fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lavoie
- Molecular Sciences and Engineering Team, U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center, 15 Kansas Street, Natick, MA 01760, USA
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25
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de Denus S, Phillps M, Dubé M, Turgeon J, Lavoie J, Guertin M, O'Meara E, Ducharme A, Racine N, Tardif J, Rouleau J, White M. 510 Baseline characteristics, hemodynamic, clinical and biochemical response to candesartan in a prospective, multicenter pharmacogenomic study of heart failure patients already receiving an ace inhibitor. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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26
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Dawson AJ, Chernos J, McGowan-Jordan J, Lavoie J, Shetty S, Steinraths M, Wang JC, Xu J. CCMG guidelines: prenatal and postnatal diagnostic testing for uniparental disomy. Clin Genet 2010; 79:118-24. [PMID: 21039433 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01547.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this statement is to provide clinicians, cytogeneticists and molecular geneticists of the Canadian College of Medical Geneticists (CCMG) a comprehensive review of the role of UPD in constitutional genetic diagnosis and to provide a guideline as to when investigation for UPD is recommended. Members of the CCMG Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics, Clinical Practice, and Prenatal Diagnosis committees reviewed the relevant literature on uniparental disomy (UPD) in constitutional genetic diagnosis (May 2010). Guidelines were developed for UPD testing in Canada. The guidelines were circulated for comment to the CCMG members at large and following appropriate modification, approved by the CCMG Board of Directors (July 2010).
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Dawson
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Diagnostic Services Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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27
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the various anesthetic techniques used for surgical closure of PDA in premature infants at the Montreal Children's Hospital and assess their impact on postoperative outcome. STUDY DESIGN The charts of all preterms who underwent PDA ligation during a 21-month period were reviewed for preoperative status, intraoperative anesthetic management and postoperative outcome. We determined the associations between independent variables and two postoperative outcome variables: unstable postoperative respiratory course (UPRC) and hypotension. RESULT The mean weight at surgery of the 33 infants was 1.031±0.29 kg. All infants, but one, received intraoperative opioids. Eight patients presented UPRC. Mean fentanyl doses were 5.3±2.6 mcg kg(-1) for patients with UPRC vs 22.6±16.6 mcg kg(-1) for patients without UPRC (P=0.004). Applying the receiver-operator characteristic curve (ROC), 10.5 mcg kg(-1) of fentanyl was established as the dose that discriminated and identified patients who experienced UPRC. The postnatal and postmenstrual age of the patient, birthweight, current weight, ventilator settings preoperatively, previous courses of indomethacin, sex and preoperative creatinine, were not correlated with the dose of fentanyl equivalent used. Logistic regression did not show a relationship between any of the previously mentioned factors and receiving a fentanyl equivalent of >10.5 mcg kg(-1). The only factor associated with the total fentanyl equivalent dose (as a continuous variable) or receiving <10.5 mcg kg(-1) (as a dichotomous variable) was the identity of the anesthetist involved, P<0.001. CONCLUSION We conclude that the use of at least 10.5 mcg kg(-1) of fentanyl equivalent as a component of the anesthetic regimen for surgical closure of a PDA in premature infants, avoids an unstable postoperative respiratory course.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Janvier
- Department of Neonatology, Ste Justine Hospital, Cote St Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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28
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St-Louis M, Perreault J, Lavoie J, Émond J, St-Laurent J, Long A, Richard M. Génotypage de 21 000 donneurs de sang au Québec et analyse du RHD. Transfus Clin Biol 2010; 17:242-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Lavoie J, Godbout S, Lemay SP, Belzile M. Impact of in-barn manure separation on biological air quality in an experimental setup identical to that in swine buildings. J Agric Saf Health 2009; 15:225-40. [PMID: 19728546 DOI: 10.13031/2013.27407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In-barn manure separation systems are becoming popular due to various environmental pressures on the swine industry. According to the literature, separation of feces and urine directly underneath the slats should have a positive impact on barn air quality. Removal and rapid separation of the two phases (solid/liquid) would reduce the dust and bioaerosol emissions, which would significantly improve the air quality in pig-housing facilities. From an occupational health and safety perspective, the maximum endotoxin and total bacteria concentrations to ensure workers' safety should not exceed 450 endotoxin units per cubic meter of air (EU m(-3)) and 10(4) colony-forming units per cubic meter of air (CFU m(-3)), respectively. In the current study, the effect on air quality of six in-barn manure handling systems was measured. A flat scraper system and four separation systems installed under the slats (a conveyor belt system, a conveyor net system, and a V-shaped scraper operated at two operation frequencies) were evaluated and compared to a conventional pull-plug system (control). The experiment took place in twelve independent and identical rooms housing four grower-finisher pigs each, and air samples were collected and analyzed for total dust, endotoxins, bacteria, and mold counts. The results obtained from this experimental setup show that the separation of feces and urine under the slats would concentrate at least 80% of the phosphorus in the solid phase. The total bacteria and endotoxin concentrations are lower than those found in commercial hog barns but remain higher than the recommended levels. Only the total dust concentrations are approximately 10% of their regulated value. This separation has no impact on dust and bioaerosol concentrations compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lavoie
- Institut de Recherché Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), Montreal, Québec, Canada.
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30
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Abstract
Chirped-pulse interferometry (CPI) captures the metrological advantages of quantum Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry in a completely classical system. Modified HOM interferometers are the basis for a number of seminal quantum-interference effects. Here, the corresponding modifications to CPI allow for the first observation of classical analogues to the HOM peak and quantum beating. They also allow a new classical technique for generating phase super-resolution exhibiting a coherence length dramatically longer than that of the laser light, analogous to increased two-photon coherence lengths in entangled states.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaltenbaek
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1
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31
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Perreault J, Lavoie J, Painchaud P, Côté M, Constanzo-Yanez J, Côté R, Delage G, Gendron F, Dubuc S, Caron B, Lemieux R, St-Louis M. Set-up and routine use of a database of 10,555 genotyped blood donors to facilitate the screening of compatible blood components for alloimmunized patients. Vox Sang 2009; 97:61-8. [PMID: 19490581 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2009.01177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Large-scale genotyping of blood donors for red blood cell and platelet antigens has been predicted to replace phenotyping assays in the screening of compatible blood components for alloimmunized patients. Although several genotyping platforms have been described, novel procedures and processes are needed to perform genotyping efficiently and to maximize its benefits for blood banks. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here we describe the processes and procedures developed to introduce large-scale genotyping in our routine operations. RESULTS Preliminary cost-benefit analysis indicated that genotyping must target frequent blood donors (> 3 donations/year) to be efficiently used. A custom-designed computer application was developed to manage the whole project. It selects frequent donors among recent donations, prints coded labels to identify blood samples sent to the external genotyping laboratory, and stores genotyping results. It can search for donors compatible for any combination of the 22 genotyped antigens as well as consult the current inventory for the presence of the corresponding blood components. The phenotype of recovered components is confirmed by standard serology techniques prior to shipment to hospitals. CONCLUSION Since October 2007, 10 555 blood donors have been genotyped. The database is used on a regular basis to find compatible blood components with a genotype-phenotype concordance of 99.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Perreault
- Héma-Québec, Research and Development, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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32
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Abstract
Quantum-optical coherence tomography (Q-OCT) is an interferometric technique for axial imaging offering several advantages over conventional methods. Chirped-pulse interferometry (CPI) was recently demonstrated to exhibit all of the benefits of the quantum interferometer upon which Q-OCT is based. Here we use CPI to measure axial interferograms to profile a sample accruing the important benefits of Q-OCT, including automatic dispersion cancellation, but with 10 million times higher signal. Our technique solves the artifact problem in Q-OCT and highlights the power of classical correlation in optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lavoie
- Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, N2L 3G1
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33
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de Denus S, Lavoie J, Ducharme A, Eileen O, Racine N, Sirois MG, Zhu L, Rouleau J, White M. Differences in Concentrations and Correlations amongst Biomarkers of Neurohormonal Activation, Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Turnover in Patients with HF and a Reduced or a Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. J Card Fail 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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de Denus S, Zakrzewski-Jakubiak M, Dubé MP, Bélanger F, Lepage S, Leblanc MH, Gossard D, Ducharme A, Racine N, Whittom L, Lavoie J, Touyz RM, Turgeon J, White M. Effects of AGTR1 A1166C gene polymorphism in patients with heart failure treated with candesartan. Ann Pharmacother 2008; 42:925-32. [PMID: 18594050 DOI: 10.1345/aph.1k657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with heart failure who are treated with standard pharmacotherapy, including an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, were demonstrated in 2 large randomized trials. It is currently impossible to determine which patient will benefit from the addition of an ARB. OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of selected candidate genes on the hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and antiinflammatory effects of candesartan in patients with heart failure who are already being treated with an ACE inhibitor. METHODS We investigated the impact of 10 candidate genetic polymorphisms on the effects of candesartan in patients with heart failure who are treated with an ACE inhibitor. We evaluated their impact on acute (2 wk) and long-term (24 wk) changes in blood pressure and N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) during treatment with candesartan. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were included. Homozygotes of the AGTR1 A1166 allele (n = 13) had a greater decrease in systolic (-9.1 +/- 4.7 vs 1.1 +/- 3.3 mm Hg; p = 0.04 by analysis of variance [ANOVA], adjusting for dose) and diastolic blood pressure (-5.1 +/- 1.5 vs 1.9 +/- 1.9 mm Hg; p = 0.005 by ANOVA, adjusting for dose) compared with C1166 allele carriers (n = 18) following 2 weeks of treatment. After 6 months of treatment, C1166 carriers experienced a greater decrease in NT-proBNP (-151.4 [-207; -19.8] ng/L vs 147.3 [-61.3; 882.9] ng/L; p = 0.03) and hsCRP (-0.8 [-2.2; -0.03] mg/L) vs 0.2 [-1.8; 5.3] mg/L; p = 0.09) compared with patients carrying the AA1166 genotype. No other significant association was found. CONCLUSIONS The results of this proof-of concept study provide the first evidence that the AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism could influence the response to candesartan in patients with heart failure who are receiving ACE inhibitors. Validation of these exploratory findings in larger populations is required before use of the AGTR1 A1166C genotype can be incorporated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon de Denus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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35
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Soulez G, Allard L, Heon H, Qi S, Lavoie J, Lerouge S, Cloutier G. Abstract No. 77: Creation of Carotid Atheromatous Plaque in a Diabetic Pig Model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2007.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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White M, Lepage S, Lavoie J, De Denus S, Leblanc MH, Gossard D, Whittom L, Racine N, Ducharme A, Dabouz F, Rouleau JL, Touyz R. Effects of combined candesartan and ACE inhibitors on BNP, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and glucose regulation in patients with symptomatic heart failure. J Card Fail 2007; 13:86-94. [PMID: 17395047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the effects of candesartan in addition to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on N-terminal pro-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP), systemic markers of inflammation and oxidative stress as well as on glucose regulation in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty patients with HF ages 62.5 +/- 8.4 years presenting mostly with New York Heart Association class II symptoms (class II = 57.5%, III = 41.3%), and mean left ventricular ejection fraction 27.1 +/- 7.3% were recruited. The patients were randomized to receive candesartan titrated to 32 mg 1 per day versus placebo in double-blind fashion for 6 months. Nt-proBNP, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, glucose, insulin, and fasting insulin resistance index were analyzed. Candesartan decreased Nt-proBNP (median value = 12.4% versus -20.4%; [candesartan] P = .05), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (+5.32% versus -20.3% [candesartan]; P = 0.046), without significantly influencing serum interleukin-6, interleukin-18, adhesion molecules, or markers of oxidative stress. Blood glucose decreased in patients treated with candesartan with a significantly greater effect in patients with higher blood glucose levels (P < .01 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS The addition of candesartan to ACE inhibitor and beta-blocker decreases Nt-proBNP and hsCRP, but does not change the other markers of inflammation or oxidative stress in patients with heart failure. Dual angiotensin-II suppression also decreased blood glucose with a greater impact in patients with higher blood glucose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel White
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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37
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Carrier M, Denault A, Lavoie J, Perrault LP. Randomized Controlled Trial of Pericardial Blood Processing With a Cell-Saving Device on Neurologic Markers in Elderly Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 82:51-5. [PMID: 16798186 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2005] [Revised: 02/16/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processing of pericardial shed blood with a cell-saving device was claimed to prevent lipid microembolization and to protect from neurocognitive dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass. The present study tested the hypothesis that processing of pericardial shed blood with a cell-saving device during cardiopulmonary bypass would significantly decrease serum levels of protein S100B, and improve brain oxygen saturation and neurologic outcome, all markers of brain injury in elderly patients. METHODS Forty patients, 65 years of age and older, undergoing coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass, were prospectively randomly assigned to processing of pericardial shed blood with a cell-saving device or to conventional use of a standard closed venous reservoir where cardiotomy blood was collected and reinfused through the arterial circuit (control group). Serum in S100B was measured 30 minutes, 4 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after surgery. Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring was performed during the procedure and the National Institutes of Health stroke scale was measured before surgery and at the time of discharge of the hospital. RESULTS Patients in the cell-saving device group averaged 72 +/- 3 years of age and underwent 3.1 +/- 0.7 coronary artery grafts with a mean of 62 +/- 20 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass time. Patients in the control group averaged 75 +/- 4 years of age (p = 0.03) and underwent 3.3 +/- 0.6 coronary artery grafts (p = 0.49) with a mean of 75 +/- 25 minutes of cardiopulmonary bypass time (p = 0.12). The quantity of blood administered from the cell-saving device averaged 281 +/- 162 mL per patient. Serum protein S100B levels averaged 0.06 +/- 0.03 before surgery and 0.51 +/- 0.23 microg/L 30 minutes after surgery in the cell-saving device patients compared with 0.076 +/- 0.04 before surgery (p = 0.32) and 1.48 +/- 0.66 (p < 0.0001) in the control patients. The near-infrared spectroscopy baseline mean value of left and right cortical region was 58% +/- 12% and 55% +/- 7% in the cell-saving device group versus 59% +/- 7% and 53% +/- 6% in the control group (p = 0.67 and 0.36), and no difference occurred over time in each group. The National Institutes of Health stroke score before and after surgery was similar in the two groups. There was one cerebrovascular complication in the control group (1 of 20, 5%) after surgery. CONCLUSIONS The difference between the two groups occurred 30 minutes after surgery, at which time serum levels of protein S100B were significantly higher in the control group compared with cell-saving device patients. Although use of the cell-saving device was not associated with higher brain oxygen saturation nor changes in the National Institutes of Health stroke score, it is associated with lesser release of nonspecific markers of brain injury in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Carrier
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Laboratory, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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38
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White M, Ducharme A, Ibrahim R, Whittom L, Lavoie J, Guertin MC, Racine N, He Y, Yao G, Rouleau JL, Schiffrin EL, Touyz RM. Increased systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with worsening congestive heart failure: improvement after short-term inotropic support. Clin Sci (Lond) 2006; 110:483-9. [PMID: 16402915 DOI: 10.1042/cs20050317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated circulating pro-inflammatory mediators and markers of oxidative stress in patients with decompensated CHF (congestive heart failure) and assessed whether clinical recompensation by short-term inotropic therapy influences these parameters. Patients with worsening CHF (n=29, aged 61.9+/-2.7 years), NYHA (New York Heart Association) class III-IV, and left ventricular ejection fraction of 23.7+/-1.8% were studied. Controls comprised age-matched healthy volunteers (n=15; 54.1+/-3.2 years). Plasma levels of cytokines [IL (interleukin)-6 and IL-18], chemokines [MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1)], adhesion molecules [sICAM (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule), sE-selectin (soluble E-selectin)], systemic markers of oxidation [TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), 8-isoprostaglandin F(2alpha) and nitrotyrosine] and hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured by ELISA and colorimetric assays at admission and 30 days following 72-h milrinone (n=15) or dobutamine (n=14) infusion. Plasma IL-6, IL-18, sICAM, E-selectin, hs-CRP and oxidative markers were significantly higher in patients on admission before inotropic treatment compared with controls (P<0.05). Short-term inotropic support improved clinical status as assessed by NYHA classification and by the 6-min walk test and significantly decreased plasma levels of IL-6, IL-18, sICAM, hs-CRP and markers of oxidation (P<0.05) at 30 days. The effects of milrinone and dobutamine were similar. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that patients with decompensated CHF have marked systemic inflammation and increased production of oxygen free radicals. Short-term inotropic support improves functional status and reduces indices of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with decompensated CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel White
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H1T 1C8
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39
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Doocey R, Seftel M, Barnett M, Bredeson C, Forrest D, Hogge D, Lavoie J, Nantel S, Nevill T, Shepherd J, Sutherland H, Toze C, Smith C, Song K. Autologous stem cell transplantation for poor prognosis germ cell tumors: Long term follow-up of a multi-center experience. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.11.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Shiroshita-Takeshita A, Brundel BJJM, Lavoie J, Nattel S. Prednisone prevents atrial fibrillation promotion by atrial tachycardia remodeling in dogs. Cardiovasc Res 2006; 69:865-75. [PMID: 16405878 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2005] [Revised: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence suggesting involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell pathways in atrial fibrillation. This study evaluated the efficacy of anti-inflammatory and calcineurin-inhibitory drugs on promotion of atrial fibrillation by atrial tachycardia-induced remodeling in dogs. METHODS AND RESULTS Dogs were subjected to atrial tachypacing at 400 bpm in the absence and presence of treatment with prednisone (15 or 50 mg/day) or ibuprofen (anti-inflammatory) or cyclosporine-A (calcineurin inhibitor). Serial closed-chest electrophysiological studies were performed in each dog at baseline and 2, 4, and 7 days after tachypacing onset. A final open-chest study was performed on day 8. Serum C-reactive protein was measured by ELISA and nitric oxide synthase by Western blotting. The mean duration of induced atrial fibrillation was markedly increased by tachypacing alone, from 26+/-8 to 962+/-317 s (p<0.01), and the atrial effective refractory period was decreased from 117+/-4 to 73+/-7 ms (p<0.001; cycle-length 300 ms). Tachypacing-induced effective refractory period shortening and atrial fibrillation promotion were unaffected by ibuprofen or cyclosporine-A; however, both doses of prednisone suppressed tachypacing-remodeling effects (atrial fibrillation duration to 96+/-60 s and 28+/-11 s at higher and lower doses, respectively; effective refractory period to 101+/-6 ms for higher-dose and 105+/-3 ms for lower-dose group). In addition, prednisone (but not ibuprofen or cyclosporine) significantly decreased C-reactive protein concentrations and attenuated the increase in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression caused by atrial tachypacing. CONCLUSIONS Prednisone prevents the electrophysiological and atrial fibrillation-promoting effects of atrial tachycardia-remodeling, possibly by an anti-inflammatory action, whereas the less potent anti-inflammatory ibuprofen and the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine-A are without effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Shiroshita-Takeshita
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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41
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Ryan L, Lavoie J, Schnarr K, Almardini M, Ho A, Boreham D. Sci-AM Fri - 04: Radiation induced apoptosis and chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes: Estimating the risks associated with radiation exposures. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2031020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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42
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Morris D, Knox D, Lavoie J, Lemon J, Boreham D. Po-Poster - 28: Examination of gene expression in p53(+/−) mice exposed to low dose radiation using Affymetrix cDNA microarrays. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2031007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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43
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Théroux P, Armstrong PW, Mahaffey KW, Hochman JS, Malloy KJ, Rollins S, Nicolau JC, Lavoie J, Luong TM, Burchenal J, Granger CB. Prognostic significance of blood markers of inflammation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty and effects of pexelizumab, a C5 inhibitor: a substudy of the COMMA trial. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:1964-70. [PMID: 15872036 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pexelizumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting C5, reduced 90 day mortality and shock in the COMplement inhibition in Myocardial infarction treated with Angioplasty (COMMA) trial without apparent reductions in infarct size. Inflammation is a critical component of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); this substudy examines prognostic values of selected markers and treatment effects. METHODS AND RESULTS C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) serum levels were assessed in 337 patients enrolled in either the placebo or the pexelizumab 24 h infusion group. Higher C-reactive protein and IL-6 levels at baseline, 24 h, and 72 h were strongly associated with increased subsequent death (P<0.002 at baseline and 24 h, P<0.02 at 72 h); and all baseline marker levels with death or cardiogenic shock (P<0.03) within 90 days. C-reactive protein and IL-6 levels were similar at baseline, but significantly lower 24 h later with pexelizumab, when compared with placebo (17.1 vs. 25.5 mg/L, P=0.03 and 51.0 vs. 63.8 pg/mL, P=0.04, respectively). At 72 h, corresponding levels were similar, whereas TNF-alpha was slightly higher (P=0.04) in the treated group. CONCLUSION Inflammation markers and their serial changes predict death and shock in patients with STEMI undergoing primary angioplasty. Pexelizumab reduced C-reactive protein and IL-6, suggesting treatment benefits mediated through anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Théroux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, 5000 Belanger E, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8.
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Abstract
Background—
There is evidence for a role of oxidant stress and inflammation in atrial fibrillation (AF). Statins have both antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. We compared the effects of simvastatin with those of antioxidant vitamins on AF promotion by atrial tachycardia in dogs.
Methods and Results—
We studied dogs subjected to atrial tachypacing (ATP) at 400 bpm in the absence and presence of treatment with simvastatin, vitamin C, and combined vitamins C and E. Serial closed-chest electrophysiological studies were performed in each dog at baseline and 2, 4, and 7 days after tachypacing onset. Atrioventricular block was performed to control ventricular rate. Mean duration of induced AF was increased from 42±18 to 1079±341 seconds at terminal open-chest study after tachypacing alone (
P
<0.01), and atrial effective refractory period (ERP) at a cycle length of 300 ms was decreased from 117±5 to 76±6 ms (
P
<0.01). Tachypacing-induced ERP shortening and AF promotion were unaffected by vitamin C or vitamins C and E; however, simvastatin suppressed tachypacing-induced remodeling effects significantly, with AF duration and ERP averaging 41±15 seconds and 103±4 ms, respectively, after tachypacing with simvastatin therapy. Tachypacing downregulated L-type Ca
2+
-channel α-subunit expression (Western blot), an effect that was unaltered by antioxidant vitamins but greatly attenuated by simvastatin.
Conclusions—
Simvastatin attenuates AF promotion by atrial tachycardia in dogs, an effect not shared by antioxidant vitamins, and constitutes a potentially interesting new pharmacological approach to preventing the consequences of atrial tachycardia remodeling.
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Theroux P, Armstrong PW, Mahaffey KW, Hochman JS, Rollins S, Malloy KJ, Parish T, Nicolau JC, Lavoie J, Granger CB. 833-5 Markers of inflammation predict mortality and are reduced by pexelizumab in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the complement inhibition in myocardial infarction treated with angioplasty (COMMA) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(04)91216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Rochette P, Lavoie J, Bastien N, Bronsard M, Drouin R. À propos de la lignée cellulaire SW480 dérivée d’un adénocarcinome colorectal identification des anomalies chromosomiques et caractérisation du gène suppresseur de tumeurs p53 muté. Ann Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0242-6498(04)93927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Massé I, Lavoie J, Barnet G, Croteau F, Topp E, Masse L. The development of experimental procedures for the evaluation of additives to attenuate manure odour, and the impact of these additives on workers, animals and the environment. Water Sci Technol 2004; 50:257-265. [PMID: 15484769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this project was to develop a laboratory research protocol to evaluate the effect of additives on manure odour and physico-chemical characteristics, and establish conditions that are representative of those found in farm storage structures (temperature, solids content, pH, ventilation above the manure surface, storage period). The results suggested that system configuration might have an impact on additive effect. An open system should be used when it is recommended that additives be applied in the animal diet or the gutters. Additionally, the surface/depth ratio of the gutter should be respected, since it will impact on the relative importance of the aerobic layer and on ammonia volatilization. On the other hand, a closed system should be used when the additive is applied to the manure storage tank, especially if the tank has a cover. Odour analysis still requires fundamental research to establish reliable procedures and protocols, especially in the area sample collection and dilution levels required to decrease H2S concentration to safe levels for the panellists. Odour analysis should also be conducted in triplicate, because of the possible large experimental error due to dilution, the human factors, and also instrumental error.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Massé
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 90, J1M 1Z3, Canada.
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Daly A, Song K, Nevill T, Nantel S, Toze C, Hogge D, Forrest D, Lavoie J, Sutherland H, Shepherd J, Hasegawa W, Lipton J, Messner H, Kiss T. Stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis: a report from two Canadian centers. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 32:35-40. [PMID: 12815476 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We describe the course of 25 patients with myelofibrosis (MF) due to agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (n=19) or essential thrombocytosis (n=6) who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) at one of two Canadian centers. The median age at transplantation was 48.7 (IQR 45.9-50.4) years and transplantation was carried out at a median of 10.7 (IQR 5.67-26.5) months after diagnosis. Granulocyte engraftment (absolute neutrophil count >0.5 x 109/l) occurred at a median of 20 days after transplantation for splenectomized patients, compared with 27.5 days for nonsplenectomized individuals (P=0.03). Increased risk of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (P=0.04) was noted in patients transplanted after splenectomy. Patients with MF received 0.264+/-0.189 U of packed red blood cells per day over the first 180 days after transplantation, and remained dependent on red blood cell transfusions for a median of 123 (IQR 48-205) days. Complete remission of MF was documented in 33% of evaluable patients. The 1 year cumulative nonrelapse mortality was 48.3%. Median survival for this group of patients was 393 (IQR 109-1014+) days, with a projected 2-year overall survival of 41%. We conclude that allogeneic SCT offers a reasonable chance for prolonged survival in patients with advanced MF, but this occurs at the cost of considerable toxicity and nonrelapse mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daly
- Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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Daly A, Song K, Messner H, Lipton J, Hasegawa W, Nevill T, Toze C, Nantel S, Hogge D, Forrest D, Lavoie J, Sutherland H, Shepherd J, Kiss T. 72 Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for myelofibrosis due to agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) and essential thrombocytosis (ET): Experience of two bone marrow transplant centers. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1083-8791(03)80073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Toze C, Nevill T, Nantel S, Forrest D, Shepherd J, Phillips G, Song K, Sutherland H, Lavoie J, Hogge D. 126Alternative donor hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute and chronic lymphoid malignancies: 20 year experience of the leukemia/BMT program of British Columbia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1083-8791(03)80127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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