1
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Huang LY, Parker DA, Ethridge LE, Hamm JP, Keedy SS, Tamminga CA, Pearlson GD, Keshavan MS, Hill SK, Sweeney JA, McDowell JE, Clementz BA. Double dissociation between P300 components and task switch error type in healthy but not psychosis participants. Schizophr Res 2023; 261:161-169. [PMID: 37776647 PMCID: PMC11015813 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) during oddball tasks and the behavioral performance on the Penn Conditional Exclusion Task (PCET) measure context-appropriate responding: P300 ERPs to oddball targets reflect detection of input changes and context updating in working memory, and PCET performance indexes detection, adherence, and maintenance of mental set changes. More specifically, PCET variables quantify cognitive functions including inductive reasoning (set 1 completion), mental flexibility (perseverative errors), and working memory maintenance (regressive errors). Past research showed that both P300 ERPs and PCET performance are disrupted in psychosis. This study probed the possible neural correlates of 3 PCET abnormalities that occur in participants with psychosis via the overlapping cognitive demands of the two study paradigms. In a two-tiered analysis, psychosis (n = 492) and healthy participants (n = 244) were first divided based on completion of set 1 - which measures subjects' ability to use inductive reasoning to arrive at the correct set. Results showed that participants who failed set 1 produced lower parietal P300, independent of clinical status. In the second tier of analysis, a double dissociation was found among healthy set 1 completers: frontal P300 amplitudes were negatively associated with perseverative errors, and parietal P300 was negatively associated with regressive errors. In contrast, psychosis participants showed global P300 reductions regardless of PCET performance. From this we conclude that in psychosis, overall activations evoked by the oddball task are reduced while the cognitive functions required by PCET are still somewhat supported, showing some level of independence or compensatory physiology in psychosis between neural activities underlying the two tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Huang
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David A Parker
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lauren E Ethridge
- Department of Psychology and Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah S Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - S Kristian Hill
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer E McDowell
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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2
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Bastos G, Holmes JT, Ross JM, Rader AM, Gallimore CG, Wargo JA, Peterka DS, Hamm JP. Top-down input modulates visual context processing through an interneuron-specific circuit. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113133. [PMID: 37708021 PMCID: PMC10591868 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual stimuli that deviate from the current context elicit augmented responses in the primary visual cortex (V1). These heightened responses, known as "deviance detection," require local inhibition in the V1 and top-down input from the anterior cingulate area (ACa). Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which the ACa and V1 interact to support deviance detection. Local field potential recordings in mice during an oddball paradigm showed that ACa-V1 synchrony peaks in the theta/alpha band (≈10 Hz). Two-photon imaging in the V1 revealed that mainly pyramidal neurons exhibited deviance detection, while contextually redundant stimuli increased vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-positive interneuron (VIP) activity and decreased somatostatin-positive interneuron (SST) activity. Optogenetic drive of ACa-V1 inputs at 10 Hz activated V1-VIPs but inhibited V1-SSTs, mirroring the dynamics present during the oddball paradigm. Chemogenetic inhibition of V1-VIPs disrupted Aca-V1 synchrony and deviance detection in the V1. These results outline temporal and interneuron-specific mechanisms of top-down modulation that support visual context processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Bastos
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jacob T Holmes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jordan M Ross
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Anna M Rader
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Connor G Gallimore
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Joseph A Wargo
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Darcy S Peterka
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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3
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Van Derveer AB, Ross JM, Hamm JP. Robust multisensory deviance detection in the mouse parietal associative area. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3969-3976.e4. [PMID: 37643621 PMCID: PMC10529873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Context modulates how information is processed in the mammalian brain. For example, brain responses are amplified to contextually unusual stimuli. This phenomenon, known as "deviance detection,"1,2 is well documented in early, primary sensory cortex, where large responses are generated to simple stimuli that deviate from their context in low-order properties, such as line orientation, size, or pitch.2,3,4,5 However, the extent to which neural deviance detection manifests (1) in broader cortical networks and (2) to simple versus complex stimuli, which deviate only in their higher-order, multisensory properties, is not known. Consistent with a predictive processing framework,6,7 we hypothesized that deviance detection manifests in a hierarchical manner across cortical networks,8,9 emerging later and further downstream when stimulus deviance is complex. To test this, we examined brain responses of awake mice to simple unisensory deviants (e.g., visual line gratings, deviating from context in their orientation alone) versus complex multisensory deviants (i.e., audiovisual pairs, deviating from context only in their audiovisual pairing but not visual or auditory content alone). We find that mouse parietal associative area-a higher cortical region-displays robust multisensory deviance detection. In contrast, primary visual cortex exhibits strong unisensory visual deviance detection but weaker multisensory deviance detection. These results suggest that deviance detection signals in the cortex may be conceptualized as "prediction errors," which are primarily fed forward-or downstream-in cortical networks.6,7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice B Van Derveer
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jordan M Ross
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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4
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Gallimore CG, Ricci DA, Hamm JP. Spatiotemporal dynamics across visual cortical laminae support a predictive coding framework for interpreting mismatch responses. Cereb Cortex 2023:7194190. [PMID: 37310190 PMCID: PMC10393498 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Context modulates neocortical processing of sensory data. Unexpected visual stimuli elicit large responses in primary visual cortex (V1)-a phenomenon known as deviance detection (DD) at the neural level, or "mismatch negativity" (MMN) when measured with EEG. It remains unclear how visual DD/MMN signals emerge across cortical layers, in temporal relation to the onset of deviant stimuli, and with respect to brain oscillations. Here we employed a visual "oddball" sequence-a classic paradigm for studying aberrant DD/MMN in neuropsychiatric populations-and recorded local field potentials in V1 of awake mice with 16-channel multielectrode arrays. Multiunit activity and current source density profiles showed that although basic adaptation to redundant stimuli was present early (50 ms) in layer 4 responses, DD emerged later (150-230 ms) in supragranular layers (L2/3). This DD signal coincided with increased delta/theta (2-7 Hz) and high-gamma (70-80 Hz) oscillations in L2/3 and decreased beta oscillations (26-36 Hz) in L1. These results clarify the neocortical dynamics elicited during an oddball paradigm at a microcircuit level. They are consistent with a predictive coding framework, which posits that predictive suppression is present in cortical feed-back circuits, which synapse in L1, whereas "prediction errors" engage cortical feed-forward processing streams, which emanate from L2/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor G Gallimore
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - David A Ricci
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
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5
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Gallimore CG, Ricci D, Hamm JP. Spatiotemporal dynamics across visual cortical laminae support a predictive coding framework for interpreting mismatch responses. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.17.537173. [PMID: 37131642 PMCID: PMC10153128 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.17.537173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Context modulates neocortical processing of sensory data. Unexpected visual stimuli elicit large responses in primary visual cortex (V1) -- a phenomenon known as deviance detection (DD) at the neural level, or "mismatch negativity" (MMN) when measured with EEG. It remains unclear how visual DD/MMN signals emerge across cortical layers, in temporal relation to the onset of deviant stimuli, and with respect to brain oscillations. Here we employed a visual "oddball" sequence - a classic paradigm for studying aberrant DD/MMN in neuropsychiatric populations - and recorded local field potentials in V1 of awake mice with 16-channel multielectrode arrays. Multiunit activity and current source density profiles showed that while basic adaptation to redundant stimuli was present early (50ms) in layer 4 responses, DD emerged later (150-230ms) in supragranular layers (L2/3). This DD signal coincided with increased delta/theta (2-7Hz) and high-gamma (70-80Hz) oscillations in L2/3 and decreased beta oscillations (26-36hz) in L1. These results clarify the neocortical dynamics elicited during an oddball paradigm at a microcircuit level. They are consistent with a predictive coding framework, which posits that predictive suppression is present in cortical feed-back circuits, which synapse in L1, while "prediction errors" engage cortical feed-forward processing streams, which emanate from L2/3.
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6
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Van Derveer AB, Ross JM, Hamm JP. Multimodal mismatch responses in associative but not primary visual cortex support hierarchical predictive coding in cortical networks. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.12.536573. [PMID: 37090646 PMCID: PMC10120723 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.536573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
A key function of the mammalian neocortex is to process sensory data in the context of current and past stimuli. Primary sensory cortices, such as V1, respond weakly to stimuli that typical in their context but strongly to novel stimuli, an effect known as "deviance detection". How deviance detection occurs in associative cortical regions that are downstream of V1 is not well-understood. Here we investigated parietal associative area (PTLp) responses to auditory, visual, and audio-visual mismatches with two-photon calcium imaging and local field potential recordings. We employed basic unisensory auditory and visual oddball paradigms as well as a novel multisensory oddball paradigm, involving typical parings (VaAc or VbAd) presented at p=.88 with rare "deviant" pairings (e.g. VaAd or VbAc) presented at p=.12. We found that PTLp displayed robust deviance detection responses to auditory-visual mismatches, both in individual neurons and in population theta and gamma-band oscillations. In contrast, V1 neurons displayed deviance detection only to visual deviants in a unisensory context, but not to auditory or auditory-visual mismatches. Taken together, these results accord with a predictive processing framework for cortical responses, wherein modality specific prediction errors (i.e. deviance detection responses) are computed in functionally specified cortical areas and feed-forward to update higher brain regions.
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7
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Bastos G, Holmes JT, Ross JM, Rader AM, Gallimore CG, Peterka DS, Hamm JP. A frontosensory circuit for visual context processing is synchronous in the theta/alpha band. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.25.530044. [PMID: 36865311 PMCID: PMC9980180 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.25.530044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Visual processing is strongly influenced by context. Stimuli that deviate from contextual regularities elicit augmented responses in primary visual cortex (V1). These heightened responses, known as "deviance detection," require both inhibition local to V1 and top-down modulation from higher areas of cortex. Here we investigated the spatiotemporal mechanisms by which these circuit elements interact to support deviance detection. Local field potential recordings in mice in anterior cingulate area (ACa) and V1 during a visual oddball paradigm showed that interregional synchrony peaks in the theta/alpha band (6-12 Hz). Two-photon imaging in V1 revealed that mainly pyramidal neurons exhibited deviance detection, while vasointestinal peptide-positive interneurons (VIPs) increased activity and somatostatin-positive interneurons (SSTs) decreased activity (adapted) to redundant stimuli (prior to deviants). Optogenetic drive of ACa-V1 inputs at 6-12 Hz activated V1-VIPs but inhibited V1-SSTs, mirroring the dynamics present during the oddball paradigm. Chemogenetic inhibition of VIP interneurons disrupted ACa-V1 synchrony and deviance detection responses in V1. These results outline spatiotemporal and interneuron-specific mechanisms of top-down modulation that support visual context processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Bastos
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jacob T Holmes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jordan M Ross
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Anna M Rader
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Connor G Gallimore
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Darcy S Peterka
- Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303
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Roy RK, Althammer F, Seymour AJ, Du W, Biancardi VC, Hamm JP, Filosa JA, Brown CH, Stern JE. Inverse neurovascular coupling contributes to positive feedback excitation of vasopressin neurons during a systemic homeostatic challenge. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109925. [PMID: 34731601 PMCID: PMC9488983 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling (NVC), the process that links neuronal activity to cerebral blood flow changes, has been mainly studied in superficial brain areas, namely the neocortex. Whether the conventional, rapid, and spatially restricted NVC response can be generalized to deeper and functionally diverse brain regions remains unknown. Implementing an approach for in vivo two-photon imaging from the ventral surface of the brain, we show that a systemic homeostatic challenge, acute salt loading, progressively increases hypothalamic vasopressin (VP) neuronal firing and evokes a vasoconstriction that reduces local blood flow. Vasoconstrictions are blocked by topical application of a VP receptor antagonist or tetrodotoxin, supporting mediation by activity-dependent, dendritically released VP. Salt-induced inverse NVC results in a local hypoxic microenvironment, which evokes positive feedback excitation of VP neurons. Our results reveal a physiological mechanism by which inverse NVC responses regulate systemic homeostasis, further supporting the notion of brain heterogeneity in NVC responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan K Roy
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Wenting Du
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Vinicia C Biancardi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Colin H Brown
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Javier E Stern
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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9
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Van Derveer AB, Bastos G, Ferrell AD, Gallimore CG, Greene ML, Holmes JT, Kubricka V, Ross JM, Hamm JP. A Role for Somatostatin-Positive Interneurons in Neuro-Oscillatory and Information Processing Deficits in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1385-1398. [PMID: 33370434 PMCID: PMC8379548 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in neocortical GABAergic interneurons (INs) have been affiliated with neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia (SZ). Significant progress has been made linking the function of a specific subtype of GABAergic cells, parvalbumin (PV) positive INs, to altered gamma-band oscillations, which, in turn, underlie perceptual and feedforward information processing in cortical circuits. Here, we review a smaller but growing volume of literature focusing on a separate subtype of neocortical GABAergic INs, somatostatin (SST) positive INs. Despite sharing similar neurodevelopmental origins, SSTs exhibit distinct morphology and physiology from PVs. Like PVs, SSTs are altered in postmortem brain samples from multiple neocortical regions in SZ, although basic and translational research into consequences of SST dysfunction has been relatively sparse. We highlight a growing body of work in rodents, which now indicates that SSTs may also underlie specific aspects of cortical circuit function, namely low-frequency oscillations, disinhibition, and mediation of cortico-cortical feedback. SSTs may thereby support the coordination of local cortical information processing with more global spatial, temporal, and behavioral context, including predictive coding and working memory. These functions are notably deficient in some cases of SZ, as well as other neuropsychiatric disorders, emphasizing the importance of focusing on SSTs in future translational studies. Finally, we highlight the challenges that remain, including subtypes within the SST class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice B Van Derveer
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Georgia Bastos
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Antanovia D Ferrell
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Connor G Gallimore
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michelle L Greene
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jacob T Holmes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vivien Kubricka
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jordan M Ross
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA
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10
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Zhou ZC, Huang WA, Yu Y, Negahbani E, Stitt IM, Alexander ML, Hamm JP, Kato HK, Fröhlich F. Stimulus-specific regulation of visual oddball differentiation in posterior parietal cortex. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13973. [PMID: 32811878 PMCID: PMC7435179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency at which a stimulus is presented determines how it is interpreted. For example, a repeated image may be of less interest than an image that violates the prior sequence. This process involves integration of sensory information and internal representations of stimulus history, functions carried out in higher-order sensory areas such as the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Thus far, there are few detailed reports investigating the single-neuron mechanisms for processing of stimulus presentation frequency in PPC. To address this gap in knowledge, we recorded PPC activity using 2-photon calcium imaging and electrophysiology during a visual oddball paradigm. Calcium imaging results reveal differentiation at the level of single neurons for frequent versus rare conditions which varied depending on whether the stimulus was preferred or non-preferred by the recorded neural population. Such differentiation of oddball conditions was mediated primarily by stimulus-independent adaptation in the frequent condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Charles Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wei Angel Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yiyi Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Ehsan Negahbani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Iain M Stitt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Morgan L Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Hiroyuki K Kato
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Flavio Fröhlich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 116 Manning Drive, 6018A, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Neurobiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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11
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Hamm JP, Shymkiv Y, Mukai J, Gogos JA, Yuste R. Aberrant Cortical Ensembles and Schizophrenia-like Sensory Phenotypes in Setd1a +/- Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:215-223. [PMID: 32143831 PMCID: PMC7363535 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A breakdown of synchrony within neuronal ensembles leading to destabilization of network "attractors" could be a defining aspect of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, representing a common downstream convergence point for the diverse etiological pathways associated with the disease. Using a mouse genetic model, we demonstrated that altered ensembles are associated with pathological sensory cortical processing phenotypes resulting from loss of function mutations in the Setd1a gene, a recently identified rare risk genotype with very high penetrance for schizophrenia. METHODS We used fast two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations (calcium indicator GCaMP6s, 10 Hz, 100-250 cells, layer 2/3 of primary visual cortex, i.e., V1) in awake head-fixed mice (Setd1a+/- vs. wild-type littermate control) during rest and visual stimulation with moving full-field square-wave gratings (0.04 cycles per degree, 2.0 cycles per second, 100% contrast, 12 directions). Multielectrode recordings were analyzed in the time-frequency domain to assess stimulus-induced oscillations and cross-layer phase synchrony. RESULTS Neuronal activity and orientation/direction selectivity were unaffected in Setd1a+/- mice, but correlations between cell pairs in V1 showed altered distributions compared with wild-type mice, in both ongoing and visually evoked activity. Furthermore, population-wide "ensemble activations" in Setd1a+/- mice were markedly less reliable over time during rest and visual stimulation, resulting in unstable encoding of basic visual information. This alteration of ensembles coincided with reductions in alpha and high-gamma band phase synchrony within and between cortical layers. CONCLUSIONS These results provide new evidence for an ensemble hypothesis of schizophrenia and highlight the utility of Setd1a+/- mice for modeling sensory-processing phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P. Hamm
- Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York,Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yuriy Shymkiv
- Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jun Mukai
- College of Physicians and Surgeons; Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York,Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Joseph A. Gogos
- Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York,College of Physicians and Surgeons; Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York,Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
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12
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Brown CH, Roy RK, Hamm JP, Stern JE. Development of a Novel Approach for Real‐Time Two‐Photon Imaging of the Rat Hypothalamus In Vivo. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Ross JM, Hamm JP. Cortical Microcircuit Mechanisms of Mismatch Negativity and Its Underlying Subcomponents. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:13. [PMID: 32296311 PMCID: PMC7137737 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the neocortex, neuronal processing of sensory events is significantly influenced by context. For instance, responses in sensory cortices are suppressed to repetitive or redundant stimuli, a phenomenon termed “stimulus-specific adaptation” (SSA). However, in a context in which that same stimulus is novel, or deviates from expectations, neuronal responses are augmented. This augmentation is termed “deviance detection” (DD). This contextual modulation of neural responses is fundamental for how the brain efficiently processes the sensory world to guide immediate and future behaviors. Notably, context modulation is deficient in some neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ), as quantified by reduced “mismatch negativity” (MMN), an electroencephalography waveform reflecting a combination of SSA and DD in sensory cortex. Although the role of NMDA-receptor function and other neuromodulatory systems on MMN is established, the precise microcircuit mechanisms of MMN and its underlying components, SSA and DD, remain unknown. When coupled with animal models, the development of powerful precision neurotechnologies over the past decade carries significant promise for making new progress into understanding the neurobiology of MMN with previously unreachable spatial resolution. Currently, rodent models represent the best tool for mechanistic study due to the vast genetic tools available. While quantifying human-like MMN waveforms in rodents is not straightforward, the “oddball” paradigms used to study it in humans and its underlying subcomponents (SSA/DD) are highly translatable across species. Here we summarize efforts published so far, with a focus on cortically measured SSA and DD in animals to maintain relevance to the classically measured MMN, which has cortical origins. While mechanistic studies that measure and contrast both components are sparse, we synthesize a potential set of microcircuit mechanisms from the existing rodent, primate, and human literature. While MMN and its subcomponents likely reflect several mechanisms across multiple brain regions, understanding fundamental microcircuit mechanisms is an important step to understand MMN as a whole. We hypothesize that SSA reflects adaptations occurring at synapses along the sensory-thalamocortical pathways, while DD depends on both SSA inherited from afferent inputs and resulting disinhibition of non-adapted neurons arising from the distinct physiology and wiring properties of local interneuronal subpopulations and NMDA-receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Ross
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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14
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Wenzel M, Hamm JP, Peterka DS, Yuste R. Acute Focal Seizures Start As Local Synchronizations of Neuronal Ensembles. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8562-8575. [PMID: 31427393 PMCID: PMC6807279 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3176-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding seizure formation and spread remains a critical goal of epilepsy research. We used fast in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in male mouse neocortex to reconstruct, with single-cell resolution, the dynamics of acute (4-aminopyridine) focal cortical seizures as they originate within a spatially confined seizure initiation site (intrafocal region), and subsequently propagate into neighboring cortical areas (extrafocal region). We find that seizures originate as local neuronal ensembles within the initiation site. This abnormal hyperactivity engages increasingly larger areas in a saltatory fashion until it breaks into neighboring cortex, where it proceeds smoothly and is then detected electrophysiologically (LFP). Interestingly, PV inhibitory interneurons have spatially heterogeneous activity in intrafocal and extrafocal territories, ruling out a simple role of inhibition in seizure formation and spread. We propose a two-step model for the progression of focal seizures, where neuronal ensembles activate first, generating a microseizure, followed by widespread neural activation in a traveling wave through neighboring cortex during macroseizures.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We have used calcium imaging in mouse sensory cortex in vivo to reconstruct the onset of focal seizures elicited by local injection of the chemoconvulsant 4-aminopyridine. We demonstrate at cellular resolution that acute focal seizures originate as increasingly synchronized local neuronal ensembles. Because of its spatial confinement, this process may at first be undetectable even by nearby LFP electrodes. Further, we establish spatial footprints of local neural subtype activity that correspond to consecutive steps of seizure microprogression. Such footprints could facilitate determining the recording location (e.g., inside/outside an epileptogenic focus) in high-resolution studies, even in the absence of a priori knowledge about where exactly a seizure started.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wenzel
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Darcy S Peterka
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
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15
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Agetsuma M, Hamm JP, Tao K, Fujisawa S, Yuste R. Parvalbumin-Positive Interneurons Regulate Neuronal Ensembles in Visual Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1831-1845. [PMID: 29106504 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
For efficient cortical processing, neural circuit dynamics must be spatially and temporally regulated with great precision. Although parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons can control network synchrony, it remains unclear how they contribute to spatio-temporal patterning of activity. We investigated this by optogenetic inactivation of PV cells with simultaneous two-photon Ca2+ imaging from populations of neurons in mouse visual cortex in vivo. For both spontaneous and visually evoked activity, PV interneuron inactivation decreased network synchrony. But, interestingly, the response reliability and spatial extent of coactive neuronal ensembles during visual stimulation were also disrupted by PV-cell suppression, which reduced the functional repertoire of ensembles. Thus, PV interneurons can control the spatio-temporal dynamics of multineuronal activity by functionally sculpting neuronal ensembles and making them more different from each other. In doing so, inhibitory circuits could help to orthogonalize multicellular patterns of activity, enabling neural circuits to more efficiently occupy a higher dimensional space of potential dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Agetsuma
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 West 120 Street, Box 4822, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.,National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Division of Homeostatic Development, 38 Nishigohnaka Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 West 120 Street, Box 4822, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Kentaro Tao
- RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama351-0106, Japan
| | | | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 West 120 Street, Box 4822, New York, NY 10027, USA
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16
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Parker DA, Hamm JP, McDowell JE, Keedy SK, Gershon ES, Ivleva EI, Pearlson GD, Keshavan MS, Tamminga CA, Sweeney JA, Clementz BA. Auditory steady-state EEG response across the schizo-bipolar spectrum. Schizophr Res 2019; 209:218-226. [PMID: 31080153 PMCID: PMC6661193 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Deviant auditory steady-state responses (aSSRs) in the gamma range (30-90 Hz) may be translational biomarkers for schizophrenia (SZ). This study tests whether aSSR deviations are (i) specific to SZ across the psychosis dimension, (ii) specific to particular frequency bands, and (iii) present in bipolar I disorder without psychosis (BDNP). METHODS Beta (20-), low- (40-), and high-gamma (80-Hz) aSSRs were measured with EEG and compared across 113 SZ, 105 schizoaffective disorder (SAD), 99 bipolar disorder with psychosis (BDP), 68 BDNP, and 137 healthy comparison subjects (HC). Standard aSSR measures (single-trial power [STP] and inter-trial phase coherence [ITC]), as well as evoked responses to stimulus onsets/offsets and pre-stimulus power, were quantified. Multivariate canonical discriminant analysis was used to summarize variables that efficiently and maximally differentiated groups. RESULTS (i) Psychosis groups showed reduced responses on ITC 20 Hz, STP/ITC 40 Hz, STP/ITC 80 Hz, indicating dimensional reductions in aSSR across the psychosis spectrum not specific to aSSR frequency. For the 40- and 80-Hz ITCs there was greater reduction in SZ compared to SAD, possibly indexing cortical disruptions linked to psychosis without mood symptoms. (ii) All probands had elevated pre-stimulus power, possibly compromising neural entrainment to the steady-state stimuli. (iii) Onset/Offset and 80 Hz ITC responses were most important for group discrimination and showed dimensional reduction across the schizo-bipolar spectrum. CONCLUSIONS Deviant aSSRs were found across the schizo-bipolar spectrum at multiple frequencies with psychosis status and severity linked to greatest reductions at low and high gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Parker
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jordan P. Hamm
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jennifer E. McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Sarah K. Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elliot S. Gershon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elena I. Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, UT-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Godfrey D. Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States,Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Matcheri S. Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carol A. Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, UT-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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17
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Bobilev AM, Hudgens-Haney ME, Hamm JP, Oliver WT, McDowell JE, Lauderdale JD, Clementz BA. Early and late auditory information processing show opposing deviations in aniridia. Brain Res 2019; 1720:146307. [PMID: 31247203 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Aniridia is a congenital disorder, predominantly caused by heterozygous mutations of the PAX6 gene. While ocular defects have been extensively characterized in this population, brain-related anatomical and functional abnormalities are emerging as a prominent feature of the disorder. Individuals with aniridia frequently exhibit auditory processing deficits despite normal audiograms. While previous studies have reported hypoplasia of the anterior commissure and corpus callosum in some of these individuals, the neurophysiological basis of these impairments remains unexplored. This study provides direct assessment of neural activity related to auditory processing in aniridia. Participants were presented with tones designed to elicit an auditory steady-state response (ASSR) at 22 Hz, 40 Hz, and 84 Hz, and infrequent broadband target tones to maintain attention during electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Persons with aniridia showed increased early cortical responses (P50 AEP) in response to all tones, and increased high-frequency oscillatory entrainment (84 Hz ASSR). In contrast, this group showed a decreased cortical integration response (P300 AEP to target tones) and reduced neural entrainment to cortical beta-band stimuli (22 Hz ASSR). Collectively, our results suggest that subcortical and early cortical auditory processing is augmented in aniridia, while functional cortical integration of auditory information is deficient in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia M Bobilev
- Department of Cellular Biology, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
| | - Matthew E Hudgens-Haney
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States; Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Petit Science Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - William T Oliver
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jennifer E McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - James D Lauderdale
- Department of Cellular Biology, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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18
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Jayant K, Wenzel M, Bando Y, Hamm JP, Mandriota N, Rabinowitz JH, Plante IJL, Owen JS, Sahin O, Shepard KL, Yuste R. Flexible Nanopipettes for Minimally Invasive Intracellular Electrophysiology In Vivo. Cell Rep 2019; 26:266-278.e5. [PMID: 30605681 PMCID: PMC7263204 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular recordings in vivo remains the best technique to link single-neuron electrical properties to network function. Yet existing methods are limited in accuracy, throughput, and duration, primarily via washout, membrane damage, and movement-induced failure. Here, we introduce flexible quartz nanopipettes (inner diameters of 10-25 nm and spring constant of ∼0.08 N/m) as nanoscale analogs of traditional glass microelectrodes. Nanopipettes enable stable intracellular recordings (seal resistances of 500 to ∼800 MΩ, 5 to ∼10 cells/nanopipette, and duration of ∼1 hr) in anaesthetized and awake head-restrained mice, exhibit minimal diffusional flux, and facilitate precise recording and stimulation. When combined with quantum-dot labels and microprisms, nanopipettes enable two-photon targeted electrophysiology from both somata and dendrites, and even paired recordings from neighboring neurons, while permitting simultaneous population imaging across cortical layers. We demonstrate the versatility of this method by recording from parvalbumin-positive (Pv) interneurons while imaging seizure propagation, and we find that Pv depolarization block coincides with epileptic spread. Flexible nanopipettes present a simple method to procure stable intracellular recordings in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Jayant
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Michael Wenzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yuki Bando
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nicola Mandriota
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jake H Rabinowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ilan Jen-La Plante
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jonathan S Owen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Kenneth L Shepard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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19
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Wenzel M, Hamm JP, Peterka DS, Yuste R. Reliable and Elastic Propagation of Cortical Seizures In Vivo. Cell Rep 2018; 19:2681-2693. [PMID: 28658617 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping the fine-scale neural activity that underlies epilepsy is key to identifying potential control targets of this frequently intractable disease. Yet, the detailed in vivo dynamics of seizure progression in cortical microcircuits remain poorly understood. We combine fast (30-Hz) two-photon calcium imaging with local field potential (LFP) recordings to map, cell by cell, the spread of locally induced (4-AP or picrotoxin) seizures in anesthetized and awake mice. Using single-layer and microprism-assisted multilayer imaging in different cortical areas, we uncover reliable recruitment of local neural populations within and across cortical layers, and we find layer-specific temporal delays, suggesting an initial supra-granular invasion followed by deep-layer recruitment during lateral seizure spread. Intriguingly, despite consistent progression pathways, successive seizures show pronounced temporal variability that critically depends on GABAergic inhibition. We propose an epilepsy circuit model resembling an elastic meshwork, wherein ictal progression faithfully follows preexistent pathways but varies flexibly in time, depending on the local inhibitory restraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wenzel
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Darcy S Peterka
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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20
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Clementz BA, Sweeney JA, Hamm JP, Ivleva EI, Ethridge LE, Pearlson GD, Keshavan MS, Tamminga CA. Identification of Distinct Psychosis Biotypes Using Brain-Based Biomarkers. Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ) 2018; 16:225-236. [PMID: 32015710 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(Reprinted with permission from American Journal of Psychiatry 2016; 173:373-384).
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21
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Mokhtari M, Narayanan B, Hamm JP, Soh P, Calhoun VD, Ruaño G, Kocherla M, Windemuth A, Clementz BA, Tamminga CA, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS, Pearlson GD. Multivariate Genetic Correlates of the Auditory Paired Stimuli-Based P2 Event-Related Potential in the Psychosis Dimension From the BSNIP Study. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:851-62. [PMID: 26462502 PMCID: PMC4838080 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The complex molecular etiology of psychosis in schizophrenia (SZ) and psychotic bipolar disorder (PBP) is not well defined, presumably due to their multifactorial genetic architecture. Neurobiological correlates of psychosis can be identified through genetic associations of intermediate phenotypes such as event-related potential (ERP) from auditory paired stimulus processing (APSP). Various ERP components of APSP are heritable and aberrant in SZ, PBP and their relatives, but their multivariate genetic factors are less explored. METHODS We investigated the multivariate polygenic association of ERP from 64-sensor auditory paired stimulus data in 149 SZ, 209 PBP probands, and 99 healthy individuals from the multisite Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes study. Multivariate association of 64-channel APSP waveforms with a subset of 16 999 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (reduced from 1 million SNP array) was examined using parallel independent component analysis (Para-ICA). Biological pathways associated with the genes were assessed using enrichment-based analysis tools. RESULTS Para-ICA identified 2 ERP components, of which one was significantly correlated with a genetic network comprising multiple linearly coupled gene variants that explained ~4% of the ERP phenotype variance. Enrichment analysis revealed epidermal growth factor, endocannabinoid signaling, glutamatergic synapse and maltohexaose transport associated with P2 component of the N1-P2 ERP waveform. This ERP component also showed deficits in SZ and PBP. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant P2 component in psychosis was associated with gene networks regulating several fundamental biologic functions, either general or specific to nervous system development. The pathways and processes underlying the gene clusters play a crucial role in brain function, plausibly implicated in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Mokhtari
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT
| | - Balaji Narayanan
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT;
| | - Jordan P. Hamm
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Pauline Soh
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM;,Image Analysis and MR Research Center, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Gualberto Ruaño
- Genetics Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT;,Genomas Inc, Hartford, CT
| | - Mohan Kocherla
- Genetics Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT;,Genomas Inc, Hartford, CT
| | | | | | - Carol A. Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX
| | - Matcheri S. Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Godfrey D. Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT;,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Clementz BA, Sweeney JA, Hamm JP, Ivleva EI, Ethridge LE, Pearlson GD, Keshavan MS, Tamminga CA. Identification of Distinct Psychosis Biotypes Using Brain-Based Biomarkers. Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173:373-84. [PMID: 26651391 PMCID: PMC5314432 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical phenomenology remains the primary means for classifying psychoses despite considerable evidence that this method incompletely captures biologically meaningful differentiations. Rather than relying on clinical diagnoses as the gold standard, this project drew on neurobiological heterogeneity among psychosis cases to delineate subgroups independent of their phenomenological manifestations. METHOD A large biomarker panel (neuropsychological, stop signal, saccadic control, and auditory stimulation paradigms) characterizing diverse aspects of brain function was collected on individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis (N=711), their first-degree relatives (N=883), and demographically comparable healthy subjects (N=278). Biomarker variance across paradigms was exploited to create nine integrated variables that were used to capture neurobiological variance among the psychosis cases. Data on external validating measures (social functioning, structural magnetic resonance imaging, family biomarkers, and clinical information) were collected. RESULTS Multivariate taxometric analyses identified three neurobiologically distinct psychosis biotypes that did not respect clinical diagnosis boundaries. The same analysis procedure using clinical DSM diagnoses as the criteria was best described by a single severity continuum (schizophrenia worse than schizoaffective disorder worse than bipolar psychosis); this was not the case for biotypes. The external validating measures supported the distinctiveness of these subgroups compared with clinical diagnosis, highlighting a possible advantage of neurobiological versus clinical categorization schemes for differentiating psychotic disorders. CONCLUSIONS These data illustrate how multiple pathways may lead to clinically similar psychosis manifestations, and they provide explanations for the marked heterogeneity observed across laboratories on the same biomarker variables when DSM diagnoses are used as the gold standard.
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Hayrynen LK, Hamm JP, Sponheim SR, Clementz BA. Frequency-specific disruptions of neuronal oscillations reveal aberrant auditory processing in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology 2016; 53:786-95. [PMID: 26933842 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities in evoked brain responses in oddball paradigms. These could result from (a) insufficient salience-related cortical signaling (P300), (b) insufficient suppression of irrelevant aspects of the auditory environment, or (c) excessive neural noise. We tested whether disruption of ongoing auditory steady-state responses at predetermined frequencies informed which of these issues contribute to auditory stimulus relevance processing abnormalities in schizophrenia. Magnetoencephalography data were collected for 15 schizophrenia and 15 healthy subjects during an auditory oddball paradigm (25% targets; 1-s interstimulus interval). Auditory stimuli (pure tones: 1 kHz standards, 2 kHz targets) were administered during four continuous background (auditory steady-state) stimulation conditions: (1) no stimulation, (2) 24 Hz, (3) 40 Hz, and (4) 88 Hz. The modulation of the auditory steady-state response (aSSR) and the evoked responses to the transient stimuli were quantified and compared across groups. In comparison to healthy participants, the schizophrenia group showed greater disruption of the ongoing aSSR by targets regardless of steady-state frequency, and reduced amplitude of both M100 and M300 event-related field components. During the no-stimulation condition, schizophrenia patients showed accentuation of left hemisphere 40 Hz response to both standard and target stimuli, indicating an effort to enhance local stimulus processing. Together, these findings suggest abnormalities in auditory stimulus relevance processing in schizophrenia patients stem from insufficient amplification of salient stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K Hayrynen
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jordan P Hamm
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Ivleva EI, Moates AF, Hamm JP, Bernstein IH, O’Neill HB, Cole D, Clementz BA, Thaker GK, Tamminga CA. Smooth pursuit eye movement, prepulse inhibition, and auditory paired stimuli processing endophenotypes across the schizophrenia-bipolar disorder psychosis dimension. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40:642-52. [PMID: 23599252 PMCID: PMC3984505 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM), prepulse inhibition (PPI), and auditory event-related potentials (ERP) to paired stimuli as putative endophenotypes of psychosis across the schizophrenia-bipolar disorder dimension. METHODS Sixty-four schizophrenia probands (SZP), 40 psychotic bipolar I disorder probands (BDP), 31 relatives of SZP (SZR), 26 relatives of BDP (BDR), and 53 healthy controls (HC) were tested. Standard clinical characterization, SPEM, PPI, and ERP measures were administered. RESULTS There were no differences between either SZP and BDP or SZR and BDR on any of the SPEM, PPI, or ERP measure. Compared with HC, SZP and BDP had lower SPEM maintenance and predictive pursuit gain and ERP theta/alpha and beta magnitudes to the initial stimulus. PPI did not differ between the psychosis probands and HC. Compared with HC, SZR and BDR had lower predictive pursuit gain and ERP theta/alpha and beta magnitudes to the first stimulus with differences ranging from a significant to a trend level. Neither active symptoms severity nor concomitant medications were associated with neurophysiological outcomes. SPEM, PPI, and ERP scores had low intercorrelations. CONCLUSION These findings support SPEM predictive pursuit and lower frequency auditory ERP activity in a paired stimuli paradigm as putative endophenotypes of psychosis common to SZ and BD probands and relatives. PPI did not differ between the psychosis probands and HC. Future studies in larger scale psychosis family samples targeting putative psychosis endophenotypes and underlying molecular and genetic mediators may aid in the development of biology-based diagnostic definitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I. Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; 6363 Forest Park Road, BL6.106, Dallas, TX 75390-8828, US; tel: 214-648-0843, fax: 214-648-5321, e-mail:
| | - Amanda F. Moates
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jordan P. Hamm
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Ira H. Bernstein
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Hugh B. O’Neill
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Darwynn Cole
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Gunvant K. Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carol A. Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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25
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Hamm JP, Ethridge LE, Boutros NN, Keshavan MS, Sweeney JA, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Clementz BA. Diagnostic specificity and familiality of early versus late evoked potentials to auditory paired stimuli across the schizophrenia-bipolar psychosis spectrum. Psychophysiology 2014; 51:348-57. [PMID: 24660885 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted sensory processing is a core feature of psychotic disorders. Auditory paired stimuli (PS) evoke a complex neural response, but it is uncertain which aspects reflect shared and/or distinct liability for the most common severe psychoses, schizophrenia (SZ) and psychotic bipolar disorder (BDP). Evoked time-voltage/time-frequency domain responses quantified with EEG during a typical PS paradigm (S1-S2) were compared among proband groups (SZ [n = 232], BDP [181]), their relatives (SZrel [259], BDPrel [220]), and healthy participants (H [228]). Early S1-evoked responses were reduced in SZ and BDP, while later/S2 abnormalities showed SZ/SZrel and BDP/BDPrel specificity. Relatives' effects were absent/small despite significant familiality of the entire auditorineural response. This pattern suggests general and divergent biological pathways associated with psychosis, yet may reflect complications with conditioning solely on clinical phenomenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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26
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Hamm JP, Ethridge LE, Shapiro JR, Pearlson GD, Tamminga CA, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS, Thaker GK, Clementz BA. Family history of psychosis moderates early auditory cortical response abnormalities in non-psychotic bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2013; 15:774-86. [PMID: 23941660 PMCID: PMC5551040 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar I disorder is a disabling illness affecting 1% of people worldwide. Family and twin studies suggest that psychotic bipolar disorder (BDP) represents a homogeneous subgroup with an etiology distinct from non-psychotic bipolar disorder (BDNP) and partially shared with schizophrenia. Studies of auditory electrophysiology [e.g., paired-stimulus and oddball measured with electroencephalography (EEG)] consistently report deviations in psychotic groups (schizophrenia, BDP), yet such studies comparing BDP and BDNP are sparse and, in some cases, conflicting. Auditory EEG responses are significantly reduced in unaffected relatives of psychosis patients, suggesting that they may relate to both psychosis liability and expression. METHODS While 64-sensor EEGs were recorded, age- and gender-matched samples of 70 BDP, 35 BDNP {20 with a family history of psychosis [BDNP(+)]}, and 70 psychiatrically healthy subjects were presented with typical auditory paired-stimuli and auditory oddball paradigms. RESULTS Oddball P3b reductions were present and indistinguishable across all patient groups. P2s to paired stimuli were abnormal only in BDP and BDNP(+). Conversely, N1 reductions to stimuli in both paradigms and P3a reductions were present in both BDP and BDNP(-) groups but were absent in BDNP(+). CONCLUSIONS Although nearly all auditory neural response components studied were abnormal in BDP, BDNP abnormalities at early- and mid-latencies were moderated by family psychosis history. The relationship between psychosis expression, heritable psychosis risk, and neurophysiology within bipolar disorder, therefore, may be complex. Consideration of such clinical disease heterogeneity may be important for future investigations of the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Lauren E Ethridge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - John R Shapiro
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston MA
| | - Gunvant K Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, MPRC, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Department of Psychology, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, Bioimaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Hudgens-Haney ME, Hamm JP, Goodie AS, Krusemark EA, McDowell JE, Clementz BA. Neural correlates of the impact of control on decision making in pathological gambling. Biol Psychol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Ethridge LE, Hamm JP, Shapiro JR, Summerfelt AT, Keedy SK, Stevens MC, Pearlson G, Tamminga CA, Boutros NN, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS, Thaker G, Clementz BA. Neural activations during auditory oddball processing discriminating schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:766-74. [PMID: 22572033 PMCID: PMC3465513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced amplitude of the P300 event-related potential in auditory oddball tasks may characterize schizophrenia (SZ) but is also reported in bipolar disorder. Similarity of auditory processing abnormalities between these diagnoses is uncertain, given the frequent combination of both psychotic and nonpsychotic patients in bipolar samples; abnormalities may be restricted to psychosis. In addition, typically only latency and amplitude of brain responses at selected sensors and singular time points are used to characterize neural responses. Comprehensive quantification of brain activations involving both spatiotemporal and time-frequency analyses could better identify unique auditory oddball responses among patients with different psychotic disorders. METHODS Sixty SZ, 60 bipolar I with psychosis (BPP), and 60 healthy subjects (H) were compared on neural responses during an auditory oddball task using multisensor electroencephalography. Principal components analysis was used to reduce multisensor data before evaluating group differences on voltage and frequency of neural responses over time. RESULTS Linear discriminant analysis revealed five variables that best differentiated groups: 1) late beta activity to standard stimuli; 2) late beta/gamma activity to targets discriminated BPP from other groups; 3) midlatency theta/alpha activity to standards; 4) target-related voltage at the late N2 response discriminated both psychosis groups from H; and 5) target-related voltage during early N2 discriminated BPP from H. CONCLUSIONS Although the P300 significantly differentiated psychotic groups from H, it did not uniquely discriminate groups beyond the above variables. No variable uniquely discriminated SZ, perhaps indicating utility of this task for studying psychosis-associated neurophysiology generally and BPP specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Ethridge
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Jordan P. Hamm
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - John R. Shapiro
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Ann T. Summerfelt
- Department of Psychiatry, MPRC, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah K. Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago IL
| | - Michael C. Stevens
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford CT, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | - Godfrey Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford CT, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT
| | | | - Nash N. Boutros
- Department of Psychiatry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - Matcheri S. Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston MA
| | - Gunvant Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, MPRC, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA,Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Corresponding author: Brett A. Clementz, Psychology Department, Psychology Building, Baldwin Street, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. , phone: 706-542-3128; fax: 706-542-3275
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Abstract
The purpose of this review is to explore the dynamic properties of alpha oscillations as biological covariates of intra- and inter-individual variance in saccadic behavior. A preponderance of research suggests that oscillatory dynamics in the alpha band co-vary with performance on a number of visuo-spatial cognitive tasks. Here we discuss a growing body of research relating these measures to saccadic behavior, focusing also on how task related and spontaneous measures of alpha oscillations may serve as potential biomarkers for ocular motor dysfunction in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P. Hamm
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA. Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA
| | - Dean Sabatinelli
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA. Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA
| | - Brett A. Clementz
- Department of Psychology, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA. Department of Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Psychology Building, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA
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30
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Hamm JP, Ethridge LE, Shapiro JR, Stevens MC, Boutros NN, Summerfelt AT, Keshavan MS, Sweeney JA, Pearlson G, Tamminga CA, Thaker G, Clementz BA. Spatiotemporal and frequency domain analysis of auditory paired stimuli processing in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis. Psychophysiology 2011; 49:522-30. [PMID: 22176721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder with psychosis (BPP) may share neurophysiological abnormalities as measured in auditory paired-stimuli paradigms with electroencephalography (EEG). Such investigations have been limited, however, by quantifying only event-related potential peaks and/or broad frequency bands at limited scalp locations without considering possible mediating factors (e.g., baseline differences). Results from 64-sensor EEG collected in 180 age- and gender-matched participants reveal (i) accentuated prestimulus gamma oscillations and (ii) reduced P2 amplitudes and theta/alpha oscillations to S1 among participants with both SZ and BPP. Conversely, (iii) N1s in those with SZ to S1 were reduced compared to healthy volunteers and those with BPP, whereas (iv) beta range oscillations 200-300 ms following S2 were accentuated in those with BPP but not those with SZ. Results reveal a pattern of both unique and shared neurophysiological phenotypes occurring within major psychotic diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-3013, USA
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Crawford TJ, Hamm JP, Kean M, Schmechtig A, Kumari V, Anilkumar AP, Ettinger U. The perception of real and illusory motion in schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:3121-7. [PMID: 20600182 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An illusion of rapid movement is normally perceived when an attentional cue (such as a peripheral flash) preceeds the onset of a line. The movement is perceived as receding away from the cue. This study investigated how this illusion was perceived by people with schizophrenia. Nineteen participants with schizophrenia and 26 healthy matched controls were presented with a series of real, illusory, no motion or combined real and illusory motion stimuli at various target speeds. Detection thresholds were measured to determine the reliability of motion perception. The participants with schizophrenia were not distinguished from the control group in the perception of real motion. However, the motion detection curves for the schizophrenia group revealed a reduction in the perceptual effect of illusory motion in comparison to controls. The findings revealed that people with schizophrenia may be less easily deceived by illusory motion in comparison to healthy participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Crawford
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Mental Health and Neural Systems, Lancaster LA1 4YF, United Kingdom.
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Milivojevic B, Corballis MC, Hamm JP. Beyond the right parietal – multimodal imaging of mental rotation. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Crawford TJ, Kean M, Klein RM, Hamm JP. The effects of illusory line motion on incongruent saccades: implications for saccadic eye movements and visual attention. Exp Brain Res 2006; 173:498-506. [PMID: 16528498 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-006-0392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 02/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A complex neural problem must be solved before a voluntary eye movement is triggered away from a stimulus (antisaccade). The location code activated by a stimulus must be internally translated into an appropriate signal to direct the eyes into the opposite visual field, while the reflexive tendency to look directly at the stimulus must be suppressed. No doubt these extra processes contribute to the ubiquitous slowing of antisaccades. However, there is no consensus on the cognitive mechanisms that contribute to the antisaccade programme. Visual attention is closely associated with the generation of saccadic eye movements and it has been shown that attention will track an illusion of line motion. A series of experiments combined this illusion with a saccadic eye movement that was congruent (i.e. directed towards), or incongruent with (i.e. direct away from), a peripheral target. Experiment 1 showed that congruent saccades had faster reaction times than incongruent saccades. In contrast, Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrated that, with illusory line motion, incongruent saccades now had faster reaction times than congruent saccades. These findings demonstrate that an illusory phenomenon can accelerate the processing of an incongruent relative to a congruent saccade.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Crawford
- Department of Psychology, Mental Health and Neural Systems Research Unit, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
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34
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Abstract
High-frequency, repetitive, auditory stimulation was used to determine whether induction of a long-lasting increase of the human auditory evoked potential (AEP) was possible. Recording non-invasively with electroencephalogram scalp electrodes, stable increases in amplitude were observed in the N1 component of the AEP, which is thought to reflect activity within auditory cortex (N1). The increase was maintained over an hour and was shown to be independent of alterations in the state of arousal. This is the first demonstration of the induction of long-lasting plastic changes in AEPs, and suggest that this represents the first direct demonstration of long-term potentiation in the auditory cortex of normal, intact humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Clapp
- Psychology Department, and Research Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, City Campus, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019 Auckland, New Zealand.
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35
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Milivojevic B, Johnson BW, Hamm JP, Corballis MC. Non-identical neural mechanisms for two types of mental transformation: event-related potentials during mental rotation and mental paper folding. Neuropsychologia 2003; 41:1345-56. [PMID: 12757907 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Reaction times, accuracy and 128-channel event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured from 14 normal, right-handed subjects while they performed two different parity-judgment tasks that require transformations of mental images: a relatively simple task requiring a single transformation (mental letter rotation), and a more complex task involving a coordinated sequence of transformations (mental paper folding). Reaction times increased monotonically with larger angular displacements from the upright (for mental rotation) and with number of squares carried (for mental paper folding). Both the tasks resulted in amplitude modulation of an approximately 420-700 ms latency ERP component at parietal electrodes. Scalp topographies indicated that right parietal cortex was activated during mental rotation, but bilateral parietal regions were activated during mental paper folding. Our results support the notion of a right hemispheric superiority for tasks involving simple, single mental rotations, but indicate greater involvement of the left hemisphere when a more complex sequence of transformations are required. This task-dependent lability of hemispheric function may account for some of the inconsistent results reported by previous neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Milivojevic
- Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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36
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Abstract
We measured brain potentials from human subjects performing a mental rotation task requiring right-left judgments of misoriented hands, and a control task requiring palm-back judgments of the same stimuli. High-density, 128-channel event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 16 normal, right-handed subjects. There was a main effect of task at five different latencies: 148 ms (occipital), 180 ms (parietal), 388 ms (vertex), 556 ms (central-parietal), and 900 ms (vertex). Source estimations derived from topographic data indicate that frontal brain regions were strongly activated after 300 ms in the control task, but not until about 900 ms in the rotation task. We conclude that the neural computations underlying mental hand rotation may be recruited from relatively early stages of visuo-perceptual analysis; these early computations influence subsequent processing within a parietal-prefrontal system for the integration of perception with action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Thayer
- Department of Psychology, Private Bag 92019, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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37
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Abstract
Object-oriented programming provides a useful structure for designing reusable code. Accurate millisecond timing is essential for many areas of research. With this in mind, this paper provides a Turbo Pascal unit containing an object-oriented millisecond timer. This approach allows for multiple timers to be running independently. The timers may also be set at different levels of temporal precision, such as 10(-3) (milliseconds) or 10(-5) sec. The object also is able to store the time of a flagged event for later examination without interrupting the ongoing timing operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Hamm
- Department of Pschology, Private Bag 92019, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Lim VK, Lambert A, Hamm JP. A paradox in the laterality of melody processing. Laterality 2001; 6:369-79. [PMID: 15513182 DOI: 10.1080/713754418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Melody lateralisation has been examined extensively, using well known behavioural techniques--dichotic/monaural listening and dual tasks. The literature using these techniques has produced paradoxical results for the lateralisation of melody processing particularly with non-musicians. Research using the dichotic/monaural listening paradigm suggests right hemisphere processing for non-musicians while the dual task paradigm has suggested a left hemisphere dominance. The current study utilises both monaural listening and dual task techniques within trials. The results replicated the paradox in the literature. The dichotic/monaural listening melody measure (d') suggest right hemisphere processing of melodies for both musicians and non-musicians. In contrast, the dual task measure suggests left hemisphere processing for the non-musicians and bilateral processing for the musicians. Both measures were collected from the same stimulus presentations and are therefore paradoxical particularly for the non-musicians. Irrespective of which task participants are primarily attending, both laterality measures should produce internally consistent patterns if they are measuring the same aspects of melody processing. Although the paradox for the musicians may be resolved by postulating an attentional bias towards the tapping task, no such explanation is possible for the non-musicians. In light of the paradoxical findings produced by these two measures, their utility for providing unambiguous information about lateralisation of mental processing is questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Lim
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to obtain a more detailed description of N400 scalp topography than has previously been reported. METHODS High-density (128 channel) visual event-related potentials were measured in an N400 paradigm using semantically incongruous sentence endings. RESULTS The stimuli elicited an N400 with a centroparietal scalp distribution. In addition, P400s with similar timing and functional characteristics were observed at non-standard recording locations inferior to the temporal lobes. CONCLUSIONS The data are consistent with intracranial evidence for bilateral activation of anterior medial temporal lobe structures. These structures are oriented such that the positive regions of their scalp fields lie largely outside of the area sampled by standard electrode montages. P400s at other non-standard scalp locations, including infraorbital and infraoccipital sites, may reflect volume conduction from the same generators, or activation of non-temporal lobe generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Hamm JP, McMullen PA. Effects of orientation on the identification of rotated objects depend on the level of identity. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 1998. [PMID: 9606109 DOI: 10.1037//0096-1523.24.2.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Matching names and rotated line drawings of objects showed effects of object orientation that depended on name level. Large effects, in the same range as object naming, were found for rotations between 0 degrees and 120 degrees from upright with subordinate names (e.g., collie), whereas nonsignificant effects were found with superordinate (e.g., animal) and basic names (e.g., dog). These results support image normalization, after contact with orientation-invariant representations, that provide basic-level identity. They consequently fail to support theories of object recognition in which rotated object images are normalized to the upright position before contact with long-term object representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Abstract
Matching names and rotated line drawings of objects showed effects of object orientation that depended on name level. Large effects, in the same range as object naming, were found for rotations between 0 degrees and 120 degrees from upright with subordinate names (e.g., collie), whereas nonsignificant effects were found with superordinate (e.g., animal) and basic names (e.g., dog). These results support image normalization, after contact with orientation-invariant representations, that provide basic-level identity. They consequently fail to support theories of object recognition in which rotated object images are normalized to the upright position before contact with long-term object representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Hamm
- Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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