1
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Castillo UG, Uekusa Y, Nishimura T, Kiuchi F, Martínez ML, Menjívar J, Nakajima-Shimada J, Núñez MJ, Kikuchi H. Anti-trypanosomal Lignans Isolated from Salvadoran Peperomia pseudopereskiifolia. J Nat Prod 2024. [PMID: 38631020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A search for anti-trypanosomal natural compounds from plants collected in El Salvador, a country particularly endemic for Chagas disease, resulted in the isolation of five lignan-type compounds (1-5) from Peperomia pseudopereskiifolia. The lignan derivatives 1, 2, and 4 are new. Their absolute configuration was determined by chemical derivatization. Compounds 1, 5, 6, and 8 exhibited anti-trypanosomal activity against the amastigote form of T. cruzi comparable to that of the existing drug benznidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises G Castillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Avenida de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Yoshinori Uekusa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Morena L Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Avenida de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Jenny Menjívar
- Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador, Ministerio de Cultura, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Graduate School of Health Science, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan
| | - Marvin J Núñez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Avenida de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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2
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Suto Y, Inoue N, Tagod MSO, Onizuka Y, Nobuta T, Ishii M, Inaoka DK, Kanamitsu K, Yamagiwa N, Nakajima-Shimada J. In Vitro and in Vivo Study of a Photostable Quinone Compound with Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy against Chagas Disease. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2024; 72:389-392. [PMID: 38644164 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c24-00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi poses a significant health challenge in rural areas of Latin America. The current pharmacological options exhibit notable side effects, demand prolonged administration, and display limited efficacy. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop drugs that are safe and clinically effective. Previously, we identified a quinone compound (designated as compound 2) with potent antiprotozoal activity, based on the chemical structure of komaroviquinone, a natural product renowned for its antitrypanosomal effects. However, compound 2 was demonstrated considerably unstable to light. In this study, we elucidated the structure of the light-induced degradation products of compound 2 and probed the correlation between the quinone ring's substituents and its susceptibility to light. Our findings led to the discovery of quinones with significantly enhanced light stability, some of which exhibiting antitrypanosomal activity. The most promising compound was evaluated for drug efficacy in a mouse model of Chagas disease, revealing where a notable reduction in blood parasitemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Suto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | - Nagisa Inoue
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | | | - Yoko Onizuka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Tomoya Nobuta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | - Mayumi Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Daniel Ken Inaoka
- Department of Molecular Infection Dynamics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kayoko Kanamitsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
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3
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Lu S, Zhang Z, Sharma AR, Nakajima-Shimada J, Harunari E, Oku N, Trianto A, Igarashi Y. Bulbiferamide, an Antitrypanosomal Hexapeptide Cyclized via an N-Acylindole Linkage from a Marine Obligate Microbulbifer. J Nat Prod 2023; 86:1081-1086. [PMID: 36843290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UV absorption spectroscopy-guided fractionation of the culture extract of a marine obligate bacterium of the genus Microbulbifer yielded a novel cyclic hexapeptide, bulbiferamide (1). NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses revealed the structure of 1 to be a cyclic tetrapeptide appending a ureido-bridged two amino acid unit. Notably, Trp is a junction residue, forming on one hand a very rare N-aminoacylated indole linkage for cyclization and on the other hand connecting the ureido-containing tail structure, which is an unprecedented way of configuring peptides. The component amino acids were determined to be l by the advanced Marfey's method. Compound 1 displayed growth inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM, comparable to the currently approved drug benznidazole, while it was not cytotoxic to P388 murine leukemia cells at 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Lu
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Amit Raj Sharma
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8514, Japan
| | - Enjuro Harunari
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Naoya Oku
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Agus Trianto
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Tembalang Campus, St. Prof. Soedarto SH, Semarang, 50275 Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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4
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Rodríguez MS, Nitahara Y, Cornejo M, Siliezar K, Grande R, González A, Tasaki K, Nakagama Y, Michimuko Y, Onizuka Y, Nakajima-Shimada J, Romero JE, Palacios JR, Arias CE, Mejía W, Kido Y, Cardona Alvarenga R. Re-emerging threat of Trypanosoma cruzi vector transmission in El Salvador, update from 2018 to 2020. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:89. [PMID: 35945552 PMCID: PMC9361614 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the late twentieth century, Chagas disease gained global attention to suppress the vector burden as a main control strategy in endemic countries. In Central America, multi-national initiative successfully achieved significant reduction in the estimated disease prevalence as well as elimination of the region’s principal vector species at the time in 2012. While the last decade has witnessed significant changes in ecosystem—such as urbanization and replacement of the main vector species—that can possibly affect the vector’s habitation and residual transmission, the up-to-date vector burden in the region has not been evaluated thoroughly due to the cessation of active vector surveillance. The aim of this study was to update the risk of vector-borne Trypanosoma cruzi infection in El Salvador, the top Chagas disease-endemic country in Central America. Methods A nationwide vector survey was conducted in the domestic environment of El Salvador from September 2018 to November 2020. The selection of the houses for inspection was based on expert purposeful sampling. Infection for T. cruzi was examined by microscopic observation of the insects’ feces, followed by a species confirmation using PCR. The data were analyzed using R software version 4.1.3. Proportion estimates with 95% confidence intervals were inferred using the Jeffrey’s method provided under the epiR package. Results A total of 1529 Triatoma dimidiata was captured from 107 houses (infestation rate, 34.4%; 107/311) in all the fourteen departments of the country visited within the period; prevalence of T. cruzi infection was as high as 10% (153/1529). In the country, domestic T. dimidiata infestation was distributed ubiquitously, while T. cruzi infection rates varied across the departments. Five out of fourteen departments showed higher infection rates than the average, suggesting sporadic high-risk areas in the country. Conclusions Our comprehensive study revealed substantial T. cruzi infection of T. dimidiata across the country, indicating potential active transmission of the disease. Therefore, strengthened surveillance for both vector and human infection is required to truly eliminate the risk of T. cruzi transmission in Central America. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-01008-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Stanley Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Yuko Nitahara
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Michelle Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Kevin Siliezar
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Rafael Grande
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Ana González
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Kotaro Tasaki
- Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yu Nakagama
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yu Michimuko
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoko Onizuka
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
| | | | - José Ricardo Palacios
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Salud, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Carmen Elena Arias
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - William Mejía
- Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Yasutoshi Kido
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. .,Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
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5
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Saito S, Xiaohanyao Y, Zhou T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Tashiro E, Triningsih DW, Harunari E, Oku N, Igarashi Y. Phytohabitols A-C, δ-Lactone-Terminated Polyketides from an Actinomycete of the Genus Phytohabitans. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:1697-1703. [PMID: 35708315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytohabitols A-C (1-3), new terminally δ-lactonized linear polyketides, were isolated from the culture extract of a rare actinomycete of the genus Phytohabitans. The structures of 1-3, substituted with multiple methyl and hydroxy groups on a conjugated and a skipped diene-containing backbone, were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by chemical derivatization and chiral anisotropic analysis, coupled with ROESY and J-based configuration analysis. In addition, closely similar 1H and 13C NMR data and optical rotations among 1-3 supported the same stereochemistry of these polyketides. The related streptomycetes metabolites lagunapyrones B, C, and D have α-pyrone rings on the linear part in place of the δ-lactone, but their chirality at the C19-C21 stereocenters were opposite from those described here, posing a question on the previous assignment made solely by comparison of the optical rotations of four possible diastereomers. Compounds 1-3 inhibited migration of cancer cells with IC50 values of 15, 11, and 8.3 μM, respectively, at noncytotoxic concentrations. In addition, 1-3 displayed potent antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi with IC50 values of 12, 6.4, and 18 μM, comparable to a commonly used therapeutic drug, benznidazole (IC50 16 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Saito
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Ye Xiaohanyao
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Tao Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Gunma University School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Etsu Tashiro
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Desy Wulan Triningsih
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Enjuro Harunari
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Naoya Oku
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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6
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Suto Y, Ascencio T, Nobuta T, Yamagiwa N, Onizuka Y, Ishii M, Kanemitsu K, Nakajima-Shimada J. Synthesis and Evaluation of Quinone Derivatives for Activity against Trypanosome cruzi. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:1195-1199. [PMID: 34853286 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of quinone derivatives with a variety of side chains were synthesized. These synthetic quinone compounds were evaluated for in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigotes and amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Measurement of solubility of quinones and their ability to permeate cell membranes were assessed to address their possible use as oral drugs. Some synthesized compounds exhibited potent antitrypanosomal activity. However, most compounds with a promising activity showed poor solubility that did not seem suitable for oral usage. Meanwhile, compound 5a, an N-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidine derivative, exhibited good antitrypanosomal activity, ability to permeate membranes, and good solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Suto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | - Tatiana Ascencio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Tomoya Nobuta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Yoko Onizuka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Mayumi Ishii
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
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7
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Castillo UG, Komatsu A, Martínez ML, Menjívar J, Núñez MJ, Uekusa Y, Narukawa Y, Kiuchi F, Nakajima-Shimada J. Anti-trypanosomal screening of Salvadoran flora. J Nat Med 2021; 76:259-267. [PMID: 34529189 PMCID: PMC8732892 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and in Central America, it is considered one of the four most infectious diseases. This study aimed to screen the anti-trypanosomal activity of plant species from Salvadoran flora. Plants were selected through literature search for plants ethnobotanically used for antiparasitic and Chagas disease symptomatology, and reported in Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador (MUHNES) database. T. cruzi was incubated for 72 h with 2 different concentrations of methanolic extracts of 38 species, among which four species, Piper jacquemontianum, Piper lacunosum, Trichilia havanensis, and Peperomia pseudopereskiifolia, showed the activity (≤ 52.0% viability) at 100 µg/mL. Separation of the methanolic extract of aerial parts from Piper jacquemontianum afforded a new flavanone (4) and four known compounds, 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxymethoxychroman-4-one (1), 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxychroman-4-one (2), cardamomin (3), and pinocembrin (5), among which cardamomin exhibited the highest anti-trypanosomal activity (IC50 = 66 µM). Detailed analyses of the spectral data revealed that the new compound 4, named as jaqueflavanone A, was a derivative of pinocembrin having a prenylated benzoate moiety at the 8-position of the A ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises G Castillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador, 1101, El Salvador
| | - Ayato Komatsu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Natural Medicines, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Morena L Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador, 1101, El Salvador
| | - Jenny Menjívar
- Ministerio de Cultura, Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador, San Salvador, 1101, El Salvador
| | - Marvin J Núñez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador, 1101, El Salvador
| | - Yoshinori Uekusa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Natural Medicines, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yuji Narukawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Natural Medicines, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Natural Medicines, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showamachi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8514, Japan
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8
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Yasui T, Ideno Y, Onizuka Y, Nakajima-Shimada J, Shinozaki H, Hayashi K. Variation of urinary follicle-stimulating hormone level after menopause : From the results of Japan Nurses' Health Study. J Med Invest 2019; 66:297-302. [PMID: 31656293 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.66.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The change in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during the menopausal transition and associations of FSH with various diseases have been assessed by using blood samples. We examined cross-sectionally the variation of FSH levels, associations of estrone and estradiol with FSH, and associations of BMI with these hormones by using urinary samples from peri- and postmenopausal women in Japan. Of 4472 participants in the Urinary Isoflavone Concentration Survey of the Japan Nurses' Health Study, we analyzed urinary levels of estrone, estradiol and FSH in 547 women aged from 45 to 54 years. Urinary FSH levels varied widely in postmenopausal women and the pattern of change in urinary FSH levels seems to be similar to that in blood FSH levels in previous studies. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), estradiol, estrone and estradiol/estrone ratio among three groups according to the tertile of FSH. In postmenopausal women, there were significant associations of BMI with levels of estrone and estradiol, but there was no significant association of BMI with FSH. Studies using urinary samples will allow us to establish a study project as a large-scale population-based study to determine associations between FSH and various diseases after menopause. J. Med. Invest. 66 : 297-302, August, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Ideno
- Big Data Centre for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoko Onizuka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Shinozaki
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
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9
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Alkebsi L, Ohnishi H, Nakajima-Shimada J, Onizuka Y, Ideno Y, Sato Y, Hayashi K. Validation of the Accuracy of Self-Reported ABO Blood Types in the Japan Nurses’ Health Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:789-793. [PMID: 30909687 PMCID: PMC6825798 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.3.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The associations between ABO blood type and risk of diseases including cancer have been reported
from epidemiological studies. Self-reporting is one of the most widely used methods of collecting the ABO blood type
information. Verifying the accuracy of self-reporting is important to consider measurement errors. We aimed to conduct
validation of self-reported ABO blood types in the Japan Nurses’ Health Study (JNHS), which is a large prospective
cohort study. Methods: The concordance rate between self-reported and serologically or genetically inferred ABO
blood groups was investigated for a subsample of 41 subjects from the Gunma Nurses’ Health Study, which was a pilot
cohort study that preceded the JNHS. The presence of antibodies to A or B antigens in serum (serological test) and
allele types of the ABO gene (genotyping test) were determined by using frozen blood samples that were preserved
for approximately 7 years. ABO blood types were determined from these tests and compared with self-reported data.
Results: All of the nurses reported that their ABO blood groups were concordant with those determined by a serological
and/or genotyping test. Self-reported ABO blood types of 35 of 38 (92.1%) participants were consistent with the results
from serological typing, while the answers of three participants were not. In these three participants, ABO genotypes
that were inferred from genotyping of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in ABO loci perfectly matched with their
self-reported ABO types, and all of these were O-type. Conclusions: Japanese health professionals report their blood
type with a high degree of accuracy. Special attention should be paid to the O-type group in serological analysis of
blood samples that have been preserved for several years in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Alkebsi
- Department of Haematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Yoko Onizuka
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ideno
- Big Data Centre for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
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Yasui T, Ideno Y, Onizuka Y, Nakajima-Shimada J, Lee JS, Shinozaki H, Kishi M, Suzuki R, Hayashi K. The association of urinary estrogen levels with urinary isoflavone levels: Difference between premenopausal women and postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2019; 121:41-47. [PMID: 30704564 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Results of studies on the associations of soy food intake with urinary estrogen levels in premenopausal women and in postmenopausal women have been inconsistent. We examined the associations of urinary isoflavone levels as well as soy food intake with estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in pre- and postmenopausal women. In addition, we compared the levels of isoflavones, E1 and E2 across current hormone users such as those receiving hormone replacement therapy and those using oral contraceptives and non-users among both pre- and postmenopausal women. Urinary levels of isoflavones, E1 and E2 in 498 women (36 hormone users and 462 non-users) were analyzed. Premenopausal women with a higher frequency of soy food intake had higher urinary isoflavone levels, but there were no significant associations between E1 and E2 levels and urinary isoflavone levels. Levels of E1 and E2 in hormone users were significantly lower than those in hormone non-users among premenopausal women, but levels of E1 and E2 in hormone users were significantly higher than those in hormone non-users among postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women with a higher frequency of soy food intake had higher urinary isoflavone levels, and postmenopausal women with high urinary isoflavone levels had significantly higher E1 and E2 levels. In conclusion, the associations of urinary isoflavone levels with urinary estrogen levels differed with menopausal status. Urinary levels of E1 and E2 were high in postmenopausal women with high urinary isoflavone levels but not in premenopausal women with high urinary isoflavone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ideno
- Big Data Centre for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoko Onizuka
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | - Jung-Su Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mikiko Kishi
- Center for Medical Education, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Reiko Suzuki
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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11
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Ideno Y, Hayashi K, Nakajima-Shimada J, Onizuka Y, Kishi M, Ueno T, Uchiyama S. Optimal cut-off value for equol-producing status in women: The Japan Nurses' Health Study urinary isoflavone concentration survey. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201318. [PMID: 30048499 PMCID: PMC6062095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Equol is one of the most active soy isoflavones. When the association between soy food intake in daily life and health outcomes is examined in epidemiological studies, it is important to define the equol-producing status of each individual. However, few studies have assessed equol-producing status without a soy challenge test. To determine a robust cutoff criterion for equol producer classification in observational studies, we conducted a urinary isoflavone concentration survey in daily life among women. Furthermore, we examined the association between eating habits regarding soy foods and equol-producing status. A total of 4,412 participants were included in the analyses. Urinary isoflavones were analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography method. We examined the distribution of the log10 equol/daidzein ratios, finding a mixture of two normal distributions, corresponding to equol producer and non-producer subpopulations. Applying a finite mixture model, we estimated the means, standard deviations, and mixing proportions of these two distributions. The estimation was carried out using the SAS NLIN procedure. The optimal cutoff point for the log10 equol/daidzein ratio in the study population was determined to be −1.42, according to the estimated parameters of the mixture distribution. Based on this criterion, 1,830 (41.5%) of the participants were identified as equol producers. Compared with non-consumers of soy foods, consumers of soy foods had significantly higher odds of being equol producers. Using log10-transformed equol/daidzein ratios ≥ −1.42 to define equol producers among Japanese women is reasonable and suitable for determining equol-producing status in epidemiological studies. We found that soy food eating habits were associated with equol-producing status. Further investigation is required to evaluate associations between equol-producing status in daily life and health outcomes. The results of this study suggest the best cutoff point to use in the definition of equol-producing status in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ideno
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Maebashi City, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Health Science, Gunma University, Maebashi City, Gunma, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Yoko Onizuka
- Graduate School of Health Science, Gunma University, Maebashi City, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mikiko Kishi
- Center for Medical Education, Gunma University, Maebashi City, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ueno
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Kanzaki-gun, Saga, Japan
| | - Shigeto Uchiyama
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Kanzaki-gun, Saga, Japan
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12
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Takahashi K, Kikuchi H, Nguyen VH, Oshima Y, Ishigaki H, Nakajima-Shimada J, Kubohara Y. Biological Activities of Novel Derivatives of Differentiation-Inducing Factor 3 from Dictyostelium discoideum. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1941-1947. [PMID: 29093342 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation-inducing factor-3 (DIF-3; 1-(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one), which is found in the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, is a potential candidate compound for the development of new medicines; DIF-3 and its derivatives possess several beneficial biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, and immunoregulatory effects. To assess the relationship between the biological activities of DIF-3 and its chemical structure, particularly in regard to its alkoxy group and the length of the alkyl chains at the acyl group, we synthesized two derivatives of DIF-3, 1-(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)octan-1-one (DIF-3(+3)) and 1-(3-chloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl)-hexan-1-one (Hex-DIF-3), and investigated their biological activities in vitro. At micro-molar levels, DIF-3(+3) and Hex-DIF-3 exhibited strong anti-proliferative effects in tumor cell cultures, but their anti-T. cruzi activities at 1 µM in vitro were not as strong as those of other known DIF derivatives. In addition, Hex-DIF-3 at 5 µM significantly suppressed mitogen-induced interleukin-2 production in vitro in Jurkat T cells. These results suggest that DIF-3(+3) and Hex-DIF-3 are promising leads for the development of anti-cancer and immunosuppressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Takahashi
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz College
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Van Hai Nguyen
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Yoshiteru Oshima
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
| | - Hirotaka Ishigaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz College
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Yuzuru Kubohara
- Laboratory of Health and Life Science, Graduate School of Heath and Sports Science, Juntendo University
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13
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Alkebsi L, Ideno Y, Lee JS, Suzuki S, Nakajima-Shimada J, Ohnishi H, Sato Y, Hayashi K. Gastroduodenal Ulcers and ABO Blood Group: the Japan Nurses' Health Study (JNHS). J Epidemiol 2017; 28:34-40. [PMID: 29093357 PMCID: PMC5742377 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20160204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although several studies have shown that blood type O is associated with increased risk of peptic ulcer, few studies have investigated these associations in Japan. We sought to investigate the association between the ABO blood group and risk of gastroduodenal ulcers (GDU) using combined analysis of both retrospective and prospective data from a large cohort study of Japanese women, the Japan Nurses’ Health Study (JNHS; n = 15,019). Methods The impact of the ABO blood group on GDU risk was examined using Cox regression analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Compared with women with non-O blood types (A, B, and AB), women with blood type O had a significantly increased risk of GDU from birth (multivariable-adjusted HR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04–1.34). Moreover, the highest cumulative incidence of GDU was observed in women born pre-1956 with blood type O. In a subgroup analysis stratified by birth year (pre-1956 or post-1955), the multivariable-adjusted HR of women with blood type O was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.00–1.49) and 1.15 (95% CI, 0.98–1.35) in the pre-1956 and post-1955 groups, respectively. Conclusion In this large, combined, ambispective cohort study of Japanese women, older women with blood type O had a higher risk of developing GDU than those with other blood types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Alkebsi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Yuki Ideno
- Big Data Centre for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research
| | - Jung-Su Lee
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Shosuke Suzuki
- Professor Emeritus, Gunma University and NPO International Eco-Health Research Group
| | - Junko Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Global Clinical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Kunihiko Hayashi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University
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14
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Onizuka Y, Takahashi C, Uematsu A, Shinjo S, Seto E, Nakajima-Shimada J. Inhibition of autolysosome formation in host autophagy by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Acta Trop 2017; 170:57-62. [PMID: 28232068 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy has emerged as an essential component of the defense system against intracellular pathogens. We demonstrated that Trypanosoma cruzi, an intracellular protozoan parasite, was not eliminated by the host's autophagic machinery despite exposure to the host cell cytoplasm. Puncta of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), an autophagy marker, and LC3-II, a lipidated form of LC3, were significantly increased after infection with T. cruzi, indicating that the parasite activated the early steps of host autophagy and induced autophagosome formation. However, autolysosomes were not observed in the infected cells. In addition, T. cruzi was not enwrapped by autophagosomes, suggesting that the parasite has mechanisms to allow it to evade autophagic capture. The results of this study indicate that host autophagy is incomplete following T. cruzi infection.
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15
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Saegusa K, Sato M, Sato K, Nakajima-Shimada J, Harada A, Sato K. Caenorhabditis elegans chaperonin CCT/TRiC is required for actin and tubulin biogenesis and microvillus formation in intestinal epithelial cells. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:3095-104. [PMID: 25143409 PMCID: PMC4196862 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-09-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells have unique apical membrane structures, known as microvilli, that contain bundles of actin microfilaments. In this study, we report that Caenorhabditis elegans cytosolic chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) is essential for proper formation of microvilli in intestinal cells. In intestinal cells of cct-5(RNAi) animals, a substantial amount of actin is lost from the apical area, forming large aggregates in the cytoplasm, and the apical membrane is deformed into abnormal, bubble-like structures. The length of the intestinal microvilli is decreased in these animals. However, the overall actin protein levels remain relatively unchanged when CCT is depleted. We also found that CCT depletion causes a reduction in the tubulin levels and disorganization of the microtubule network. In contrast, the stability and localization of intermediate filament protein IFB-2, which forms a dense filamentous network underneath the apical surface, appears to be superficially normal in CCT-deficient cells, suggesting substrate specificity of CCT in the folding of filamentous cytoskeletons in vivo. Our findings demonstrate physiological functions of CCT in epithelial cell morphogenesis using whole animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Saegusa
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | - Katsuya Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Harada
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Traffic, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
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16
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Uchiyama N, Kabututu Z, Kubata BK, Kiuchi F, Ito M, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Martin SK, Honda G, Urade Y. Antichagasic activity of komaroviquinone is due to generation of reactive oxygen species catalyzed by Trypanosoma cruzi old yellow enzyme. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 49:5123-6. [PMID: 16304182 PMCID: PMC1315950 DOI: 10.1128/aac.49.12.5123-5126.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel potent trypanocidal diterpene, komaroviquinone, was reduced by Trypanosoma cruzi old yellow enzyme (TcOYE) to its semiquinone radical. The reductase activity in trypanosome lysates was completely immunoabsorbed by anti-TcOYE antibody. Since TcOYE is expressed throughout the T. cruzi life cycle, komaroviquinone is an interesting candidate for developing new antichagasic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
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17
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Hashimoto M, Nakajima-Shimada J, Ishidoh K, Aoki T. Gene expression profiles in response to Fas stimulation in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected host cells. Int J Parasitol 2005; 35:1587-94. [PMID: 16185694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 08/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To determine the molecular mechanism by which apoptosis is inhibited in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected host cells, we used human cDNA apoptosis chips to compare the gene expression profiles in response with 'death ligands target' (Fas) stimulation in infected and uninfected cells. Of the 164 apoptosis-related genes examined, 20, including those encoding both pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, were highly up-regulated in the infected group. Genes encoding caspases and apoptosis inhibitors were optimally expressed 10-30 min after induction of apoptosis, whereas genes involved in transcriptional regulation and cell proliferation were up-regulated after 2-24 h. These results suggest that host anti-apoptotic gene(s) may play a crucial role in the inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis in T. cruzi-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneaki Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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18
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Hashimoto M, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Trypanosoma cruzi posttranscriptionally up-regulates and exploits cellular FLIP for inhibition of death-inducing signal. Mol Biol Cell 2005; 16:3521-8. [PMID: 15917295 PMCID: PMC1182294 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular persistence of the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is an aggravating cause of Chagas' disease, involving that the protozoan infection specifically inhibits death receptor-mediated apoptosis of host cells. Here we demonstrate that the parasite dramatically up-regulates cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), the only known mammalian inhibitor specific for death receptor signaling, in infected cells by an unusual, posttranscriptional stabilization of the short-lived protein. We also show that c-FLIP is accumulated in T. cruzi-infected mouse heart muscle cells in vivo. Stimulation of death receptor Fas in infected cells induces recruitment of c-FLIP to block the procaspase-8 activation at the most upstream caspase cascade. c-FLIP knock-down with a small interfering RNA significantly restores Fas-mediated apoptosis in infected cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that T. cruzi posttranscriptionally up-regulates and exploits host c-FLIP for the inhibition of death-inducing signal, a mechanism that may allow parasites to persist in host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneaki Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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19
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Abstract
Trypanocidal constituents of dried leaves of Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) were examined. Activity-guided fractionation of the methanol extract resulted in the isolation of two guaianolides, dehydrocostus lactone (1) and zaluzanin D (2), and a new p-menthane hydroperoxide, (1R,4S)-1-hydroperoxy-p-menth-2-en-8-ol acetate (3). The minimum lethal concentrations of these compounds against epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi were 6.3, 2.5, and 1.4 microM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan
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20
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Kiuchi F, Itano Y, Uchiyama N, Honda G, Tsubouchi A, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Monoterpene hydroperoxides with trypanocidal activity from Chenopodium ambrosioides. J Nat Prod 2002; 65:509-512. [PMID: 11975490 DOI: 10.1021/np010445g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Four monoterpene hydroperoxides were isolated from aerial parts of Chenopodium ambrosioides along with ascaridole (1), the anthelmintic principle of this plant, as anti-trypanosomal compounds. The structures of these monoterpenes were determined to be (-)-(2S,4S)- and (-)-(2R,4S)-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-hydroperoxide (2a and 3a) and (-)-(1R,4S)- and (-)-(1S,4S)-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-hydroperoxide (4a and 5a) on the basis of spectroscopic methods and chemical correlations. In vitro trypanocidal activities of ascaridole (1) and these hydroperoxides (2a-5a) against epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi were 23, 1.2, 1.6, 3.1, and 0.8 microM, respectively. Fresh leaves of C. ambrosioides also contained isomeric hydroperoxides 6a and 7a, and the content ratio of 2a-7a suggested that these hydroperoxides were formed through the singlet-oxygen oxidation of limonene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Zou CB, Nakajima-Shimada J, Nara T, Aoki T. Cloning and functional expression of Rpn1, a regulatory-particle non-ATPase subunit 1, of proteasome from Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2000; 110:323-31. [PMID: 11071286 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(00)00284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-lysosomal protein degradation in eukaryotic cells involves a proteolytic complex referred to as 26S proteasome that consists of a 20S core particle and one or two 19S regulatory particles. We have cloned the gene RPN1 encoding Rpnl (regulatory-particle non-ATPase subunit 1), one of the largest subunits of proteasome, from Trypanosoma cruzi. It contains 2712 bp and encodes 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98.2 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.2. The predicted amino acid sequence of the trypanosomatid Rpn1 shares 39.0 and 32.0% overall identities with human Rpn1 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nas1 (non-ATPase subunit 1), an Rpn1 homolog, respectively, while the sequence identities among T. cruzi, Plasmodium falciparum, and Entamoeba histolytica Rpnl are approximately 30%. T. cruzi Rpn1 contains nine repeats of about 36 amino acid residues conserved in Rpn1s from various organisms. T. cruzi RPN1 is located on the 2300- and 1900-kb chromosomal DNA, displays a putative allelic variation as RPN1-1 and RPN1-2 with 98.8% identity between these two putative gene products, and is transcribed from both alleles at a comparable level throughout the three developmental stages of the parasite, epimastigotes, trypomastigotes, and amastigotes. The expression of the trypanosomatid Rpnl in the temperature-sensitive nas1 yeast mutant rescued the growth defect at the restrictive temperature, indicating that Rpn1 functions as a Nas1 and probably assembles into the 19S regulatory particle of the yeast 26S proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Zou
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Zou C, Takagi M, Umeda M, Nara T, Aoki T. Inhibition of Fas-mediated apoptosis by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1475:175-83. [PMID: 10832033 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(00)00059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi-infected and normal control mammalian cells were subjected to analysis of Fas-mediated apoptosis stimulated by an agonistic anti-Fas monoclonal antibody. The infected cells showed markedly hampered apoptotic changes in nuclear morphology, phosphatidylethanolamine translocation from the inside to the outside of the plasma membrane, and DNA fragmentation into multiples of 180 bp, relative to normal control cells. Upstream of these morphological and biochemical consequences, the caspase-3 activity was elevated by the Fas stimulation in a significantly greater proportion of intact control cells, but at a highly reduced rate of infected cells. The rapid elevation of caspase-8 activity in control, apoptotic cells was completely inhibited in infected cells. In an examination of the specificity of other stimulants, X-ray radiation or chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide, colchicine or etoposide did not cause significant differences in apoptotic rates between control and infected cells; tumor necrosis factor-alpha, however, induced a high rate of apoptosis in control cells, with an extremely lowered rate in infected cells. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that T. cruzi infection inhibits one of the earliest steps of death receptor-mediated apoptosis, an effect that most probably involves the inhibition of caspase-8. Differential apoptotic responses in cells infected with T. cruzi and other intracellular parasites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Sakaguchi S, Tsuji FI, Anraku Y, Iida H. Ca2+ signal is generated only once in the mating pheromone response pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cell Struct Funct 2000; 25:125-31. [PMID: 10885582 DOI: 10.1247/csf.25.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mating pheromone, alpha-factor, of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae binds to the heterotrimeric G protein-coupled cell surface receptor of MATa cells and induces cellular responses necessary for mating. In higher eukaryotic cells, many hormones and growth factors rapidly mobilize a second messenger, Ca2+, by means of receptor-G protein signaling. Although striking similarities between the mechanisms of the receptor-G protein signaling in yeast and higher eukaryotes have long been known, it is still uncertain whether the pheromone rapidly mobilizes Ca2+ necessary for early events of the pheromone response. Here we reexamine this problem using sensitive methods for detecting Ca2+ fluxes and mobilization, and find no evidence that there is rapid Ca2+ influx leading to a rapid increase in the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration. In addition, the yeast PLC1 deletion mutant lacking phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C, a key enzyme for generating Ca2+ signals in higher eukaryotic cells, responds normally to the pheromone. These findings suggest that the receptor-G protein signaling does not utilize Ca2+ as a second messenger in the early stage of the pheromone response pathway. Since the receptor-G protein signaling does stimulate Ca2+ influx after early events have finished and this stimulation is essential for late events in the pheromone response pathway [Iida et al., (1990) J. Biol. Chem., 265: 13391-13399] Ca2+ may be used only once in the signal transduction pathway in unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Miyahira Y, Kobayashi S, Takeuchi T, Kamiyama T, Nara T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Induction of CD8+ T cell-mediated protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi. Int Immunol 1999; 11:133-41. [PMID: 10069411 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/11.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi was transformed with the Plasmodium yoelii gene encoding the circum-sporozoite (CS) protein, which contains the well-characterized CD8+ T cell epitope, SYVPSAEQI. In vivo and in vitro assays indicated that cells infected with the transformed T. cruzi could process and present this malaria parasite-derived class I MHC-restricted epitope. Immunization of mice with recombinant influenza and vaccinia viruses expressing the SYVPSAEQI epitope induced a large number of specific CD8+ T cells that strongly suppressed parasitemia and conferred complete protection against the acute T. cruzi lethal infection. CD8+ T cells mediated this immunity as indicated by the unrelenting parasitemia and high mortality observed in immunized mice treated with anti-CD8 antibody. This study demonstrated, for the first time, that vaccination of mice with vectors designed to induce CD8+ T cells is effective against T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Miyahira
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Gao G, Nara T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Novel organization and sequences of five genes encoding all six enzymes for de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in Trypanosoma cruzi. J Mol Biol 1999; 285:149-61. [PMID: 9878395 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A 25 kb segment of genomic DNA from Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, was sequenced. It contains five genes, pyr1, pyr2, pyr3, pyr4, and pyr6-5, encoding all six enzymes involved in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase, dihydroorotase, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, and orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase linked with orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, respectively. The pyr genes constitute a polycistronic transcription unit on an 800 kb chromosomal DNA in the order of pyr1, pyr3, pyr6-5, pyr2, and pyr4 from the 5' terminus, with intervening sequences of 2.2, 0.4, 8.1, and 0.8 kb. The amino acid sequences deduced from the trypanosomatid pyr genes, except for pyr6, showed closer similarities to mammalian and yeast sequences, and less similarity to archaeal and bacterial sequences. The last two enzymes encoded by a single gene, pyr6-5, are covalently linked in the order opposite to mammalian pyr5-6, and possess a putative glycosomal targeting signal tripeptide, serine-lysine-leucine, at the C terminus. The calculated isoelectric points of 9.3 and 9.9 are also diagnostic of the glycosomal localization of these enzymes. We conclude that the T. cruzi pyr gene organization represents an early progenitor in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in eukaryotic lineage, and that the independent pyr genes may have evolved before the gene fusion events that resulted in the three mammalian-type genes, pyr1-3-2, pyr4, and pyr5-6, for UMP synthesis. Peculiarities in the trypanosomatid pyr6-5 gene product are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gao
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8421, Japan
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Abstract
Genes for carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II (CPS II), the first enzyme of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, were cloned from kinetoplastids, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania mexicana. T. cruzi CPS II gene encodes a protein of 1524 amino acids that encompasses the glutaminase and CPS domains, but incorporates neither aspartate carbamoyltransferase nor dihydroorotase. The residue corresponding to lysine 993 of Escherichia coli CPS, a residue that characterizes the CPS inhibited by UMP and that is replaced by tryptophan in those inhibited by UTP, is in kinetoplastids a hydrophilic glutamine, in line with the preferential inhibition by UDP of kinetoplastid CPS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nara
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Zou C, Aoki T. Fas(CD95/APO1)-mediated apoptosis of host hela cells inhibited by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Parasitol Int 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5769(98)80154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Miyahira Y, Zavala F, Nara T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Takeuchi T, Aoki T. Cellular immunological response against Trypanosoma cruzi bearing a malarial antigen. Parasitol Int 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5769(98)81078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gao G, Nara T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Molecular characterization of a carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II (CPS II) gene from Leishmania mexicana. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 431:237-40. [PMID: 9598066 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Gao
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Inhibition by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) of Trypanosoma cruzi growth in mammalian cells and a possible mechanism of action. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 431:719-22. [PMID: 9598158 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nara T, Gao G, Nakajima-Shimada J, Aoki T. Localization of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II (CPS II) and aspartate carbamoyltransferase (ACT) genes in Trypanosoma cruzi chromosomal DNA. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998; 431:227-30. [PMID: 9598064 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Nara
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Aoki T, Nakajima-Shimada J. Inhibition by azt of Trypanosoma cruzi growth in mammalian cells and a possible mechanism of action. Clin Biochem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(97)87636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Hirota Y, Aoki T. Inhibition of Trypanosoma cruzi growth in mammalian cells by purine and pyrimidine analogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40:2455-8. [PMID: 8913446 PMCID: PMC163557 DOI: 10.1128/aac.40.11.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, exhibits two different developmental stages in mammals, the amastigote, an intracellular form that proliferates in the cytoplasm of host cells, and the trypomastigote, an extracellular form that circulates in the bloodstream. We have already established an in vitro culture system using mammalian host cells (HeLa) infected with T. cruzi in which the time course of parasite growth is determined quantitatively. We adopted this system for the screening of anti-T. cruzi agents that would ideally prove to be effective against trypanosomes with no toxicity to the host cell. Of the purine analogs tested, allopurinol markedly inhibited the growth of amastigotes in a dose-dependent manner, with no lethal effect on trypomastigotes. 3'-Deoxyinosine and 3'-deoxyadenosine also suppressed T. cruzi growth inside the host cell, with the concentrations causing 50% growth inhibition being 10 and 5 microM, respectively, in contrast to a concentration causing 50% growth inhibition of 3 microM for allopurinol. Among the pyrimidine analogs examined, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) significantly reduced the growth of the parasite at concentrations as low as 1 microM. The anti-human immunodeficiency virus agents 2',3'-dideoxyinosine and 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine caused a decrease in amastigote growth, while 2',3'-dideoxycytidine and 2',3'-dideoxyuridine had no inhibitory effect. When Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts were used as host cells, allopurinol, 3'-deoxyinosine, 3'-deoxyadenosine, and 3'-azid-3'-deoxythymidine also markedly inhibited T. cruzi proliferation. These results indicate that our culture system is useful as a primary screening method for candidate compounds against T. cruzi on the basis of two criteria, namely, intracellular replication by the parasite and host-cell infection rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakajima-Shimada
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Aoki T, Nakajima-Shimada J, Hirota Y. Quantitative determination of Trypanosoma cruzi growth inside host cells in vitro and effect of allopurinol. Adv Exp Med Biol 1995; 370:499-502. [PMID: 7660956 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2584-4_105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Aoki
- Department of Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakajima-Shimada J, Iida H, Tsuji FI, Anraku Y. Monitoring of intracellular calcium in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an apoaequorin cDNA expression system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88:6878-82. [PMID: 1862111 PMCID: PMC52192 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.15.6878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A method is described for measuring cytosolic free Ca2+ and its time-dependent changes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using the luminescent protein aequorin as a Ca(2+)-specific indicator. This method with intact yeast cells is labeled "in vivo" to distinguish it from methods with cell extracts, labeled "in vitro." A plasmid in which the apoaequorin cDNA was joined downstream from the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene promoter was constructed and introduced into yeast cells. The intracellular concentration of apoaequorin expressed by the cDNA was approximately 1 microM, which was high enough to detect the cytosolic Ca2+. Growth of the transformed cells was normal. In the in vitro method, apoaequorin in crude cell extracts was regenerated into aequorin by mixing with coelenterazine, the substrate for the luminescence reaction, whereas in the in vivo method, aequorin was regenerated by incubating intact cells with coelenterazine. Simultaneous addition of 10 mM CaCl2 and 10 microM A23187, a Ca2+ ionophore, to coelenterazine-incorporated cells generated luminescence. Coelenterazine-incorporated cells also responded to native extracellular stimuli. A mating pheromone, alpha-factor, added to cells of mating type a or alpha, generated extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent luminescence specifically in a mating type cells, with maximal intensity occurring 45-50 min after addition of alpha-factor. Glucose added to glucose-starved G0/G1 cells stimulated an increase in extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent luminescence with maximal intensity occurring 2 min after addition. These results show the usefulness of the aequorin system in monitoring [Ca2+]i response to extracellular stimuli in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakajima-Shimada
- Division of Cell Proliferation, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
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