1
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Wen F, Ding Y, Wang M, Du J, Zhang S, Kee K. FOXL2 and NR5A1 induce human fibroblasts into steroidogenic ovarian granulosa-like cells. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13589. [PMID: 38192172 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Human granulosa cells in different stages are essential for maintaining normal ovarian function, and granulosa cell defect is the main cause of ovarian dysfunction. To address this problem, it is necessary to induce functional granulosa cells at different stages in vitro. In this study, we established a reprogramming method to induce early- and late-stage granulosa cells with different steroidogenic abilities. We used an AMH-fluorescence-reporter system to screen candidate factors for cellular reprogramming and generated human induced granulosa-like cells (hiGC) by overexpressing FOXL2 and NR5A1. AMH-EGFP+ hiGC resembled human cumulus cells in transcriptome profiling and secreted high levels of oestrogen and progesterone, similar to late-stage granulosa cells at antral or preovulatory stage. Moreover, we identified CD55 as a cell surface marker that can be used to isolate early-stage granulosa cells. CD55+ AMH-EGFP- hiGC secreted high levels of oestrogen but low levels of progesterone, and their transcriptome profiles were more similar to early-stage granulosa cells. More importantly, CD55+ hiGC transplantation alleviated polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a mouse model. Therefore, hiGC provides a cellular model to study the developmental program of human granulosa cells and has potential to treat PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wen
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxi Ding
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Du
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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2
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Ding Y, Chen S, Jin J, Sun Y, Chu C, Kee K, Xin M, Li L. POI-associated EIF4ENIF1 mutations exhibit impaired translation regulation abilities. Gene 2024; 917:148456. [PMID: 38604507 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Various genetic variants have been found to be associated with the clinical onset of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, when measured in vitro, the functional influence of the variants can be difficult to determine. By whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 93 patients with sporadic POI, we found a missense variant c.623G > A;p.R208H in the EIF4ENIF1 gene. In silico prediction of the variant using different algorithms suggested it might be a damaging variant. We compared the property of EIF4ENIF1 R208H and Q842P, a POI-related mutant that we reported previously, with wildtype (WT) protein using 293FT cells in vitro. Surprisingly, a change in subcellular distribution and granule forming ability (Q842P) and nuclear import capacity (R208H) was not observed, despite domain prediction evidences. Since EIF4ENIF1 was reported to inhibit translation, we employed T&T-seq, a translation-transcription dual-omics sequencing method, to profile gene expression upon overexpression of EIF4ENIF1 WT and mutants. EIF4ENIF1 WT overexpression group exhibited significantly (P < 0.0001) lower translation efficiency (TE) than empty vector or GFP overexpression control group. Surprisingly, EIF4ENIF1 Q842P overexpression failed to repress global translation, showing an overall TE significantly higher than WT group. Overexpression R208H significantly (P < 0.0001) lowered the overall TE, whereas exhibiting a reduced translation inhibitory effect on high-TE genes (TE > 2 in GFP control group). Several fertility-associated genes, such as AMH in Q842P group and SERPINE1 and THBS1 in R208H group, was translationally up-regulated in mutant groups versus WT control, suggesting a potential mechanism of mutated EIF4ENIF1 causing POI via impaired translation repression. It is further proposed that T&T-seq can be a sensitive evaluation tool for the measurement of functional alteration by variants in many other translational regulator genes, not only EIF4ENIF1, helping to eliminate misinterpretation of clinical significance of genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Ding
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100006, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yujun Sun
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100006, China
| | - Chunfang Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100026, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingwei Xin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Beijing 100006, China.
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3
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He J, Yan A, Chen B, Huang J, Kee K. 3D genome remodeling and homologous pairing during meiotic prophase of mouse oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Dev Cell 2023; 58:3009-3027.e6. [PMID: 37963468 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
During meiosis, the chromatin and transcriptome undergo prominent switches. Although recent studies have explored the genome reorganization during spermatogenesis, the chromatin remodeling in oogenesis and characteristics of homologous pairing remain largely elusive. We comprehensively compared chromatin structures and transcriptomes at successive substages of meiotic prophase in both female and male mice using low-input high-through chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs) gradually disappeared and slowly recovered in both sexes. We found that homologs adopted different sex-conserved pairing strategies prior to and after the leptotene-to-zygotene transition, changing from long interspersed nuclear element (LINE)-enriched compartments B to short interspersed nuclear element (SINE)-enriched compartments A. We complemented marker genes and predicted the sex-specific meiotic sterile genes for each substage. This study provides valuable insights into the similarities and distinctions between sexes in chromosome architecture, homologous pairing, and transcriptome during meiotic prophase of both oogenesis and spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - An Yan
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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4
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Ding Y, He Z, Sha Y, Kee K, Li L. Eif4enif1 haploinsufficiency disrupts oocyte mitochondrial dynamics and leads to subfertility. Development 2023; 150:dev202151. [PMID: 38088064 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects couples worldwide. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to loss of ovarian function before 40 years of age and is a contributing factor to infertility. Several case studies have reported dominant-inherited POI symptoms in families with heterozygous EIF4ENIF1 (4E-T) mutations. However, the effects of EIF4ENIF1 haploinsufficiency have rarely been studied in animal models to reveal the underlying molecular changes related to infertility. Here, we demonstrate that Eif4enif1 haploinsufficiency causes mouse subfertility, impairs oocyte maturation and partially arrests early embryonic development. Using dual-omic sequencing, we observed that Eif4enif1 haploinsufficiency significantly altered both transcriptome and translatome in mouse oocytes, by which we further revealed oocyte mitochondrial hyperfusion and mitochondria-associated ribonucleoprotein domain distribution alteration in Eif4enif1-deficient oocytes. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying clinical fertility failure and new avenues to pursue new therapeutic targets to address infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Ding
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zequn He
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanwei Sha
- Department of Andrology, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
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5
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Huang J, Chen P, Jia L, Li T, Yang X, Liang Q, Zeng Y, Liu J, Wu T, Hu W, Kee K, Zeng H, Liang X, Zhou C. Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Translational Landscapes and Regulations in Mouse and Human Oocyte Aging. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301538. [PMID: 37401155 PMCID: PMC10502832 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal resumption of meiosis and decreased oocyte quality are hallmarks of maternal aging. Transcriptional silencing makes translational control an urgent task during meiosis resumption in maternal aging. However, insights into aging-related translational characteristics and underlying mechanisms are limited. Here, using multi-omics analysis of oocytes, it is found that translatomics during aging is related to changes in the proteome and reveals decreased translational efficiency with aging phenotypes in mouse oocytes. Translational efficiency decrease is associated with the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of transcripts. It is further clarified that m6A reader YTHDF3 is significantly decreased in aged oocytes, inhibiting oocyte meiotic maturation. YTHDF3 intervention perturbs the translatome of oocytes and suppress the translational efficiency of aging-associated maternal factors, such as Hells, to affect the oocyte maturation. Moreover, the translational landscape is profiled in human oocyte aging, and the similar translational changes of epigenetic modifications regulators between human and mice oocyte aging are observed. In particular, due to the translational silence of YTHDF3 in human oocytes, translation activity is not associated with m6A modification, but alternative splicing factor SRSF6. Together, the findings profile the specific translational landscapes during oocyte aging in mice and humans, and uncover non-conservative regulators on translation control in meiosis resumption and maternal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiana Huang
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Peigen Chen
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Lei Jia
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Tingting Li
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Xing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Qiqi Liang
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Yanyan Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Taibao Wu
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Haitao Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
| | - Chuanchuan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Fertility PreservationGuangzhou510610China
- Biomedical Innovation CenterThe Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510655China
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6
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Wang N, He J, Feng X, Liao S, Zhao Y, Tang F, Kee K. Single-cell profiling of lncRNAs in human germ cells and molecular analysis reveals transcriptional regulation of LNC1845 on LHX8. eLife 2023; 12:78421. [PMID: 36602025 PMCID: PMC9859043 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs exert diverse functions in many cell types. In addition to transcription factors from coding genes, non-coding RNAs may also play essential roles in shaping and directing the fate of germ cells. The presence of many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are specifically expressed in the germ cells during human gonadal development were reported and one divergent lncRNA, LNC1845, was functionally characterized. Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of these lncRNAs indicates that divergent lncRNAs occupied the majority of female and male germ cells. Integrating lncRNA expression into the bioinformatic analysis also enhances the cell-type classification of female germ cells. Functional dissection using in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to germ cells revealed the regulatory role of LNC1845 on a transcription factor essential for ovarian follicle development, LHX8, by modulating the levels of histone modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K27Ac. Hence, bioinformatical analysis and experimental verification provide a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs in developing germ cells and elucidate how an lncRNA function as a cis regulator during human germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing He
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shengyou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computer Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computer Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center & Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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7
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Wang Y, Xie H, Chang X, Hu W, Li M, Li Y, Liu H, Cheng H, Wang S, Zhou L, Shen D, Dou S, Ma R, Mao Y, Zhu H, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Ye X, Wen L, Kee K, Cui H, Tang F. Single-Cell Dissection of the Multiomic Landscape of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3903-3916. [PMID: 35969151 PMCID: PMC9627134 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous cancer (HGSC) is the most common subtype of ovarian cancer. HGSC is highly aggressive with poor patient outcomes, and a deeper understanding of HGSC tumorigenesis could help guide future treatment development. To systematically characterize the underlying pathologic mechanisms and intratumoral heterogeneity in human HGSC, we used an optimized single-cell multiomics sequencing technology to simultaneously analyze somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA), DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, and transcriptome in individual cancer cells. Genes associated with interferon signaling, metallothioneins, and metabolism were commonly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells. Integrated multiomics analyses revealed that upregulation of interferon signaling and metallothioneins was influenced by both demethylation of their promoters and hypomethylation of satellites and LINE1, and potential key transcription factors regulating glycolysis using chromatin accessibility data were uncovered. In addition, gene expression and DNA methylation displayed similar patterns in matched primary and abdominal metastatic tumor cells of the same genetic lineage, suggesting that metastatic cells potentially preexist in the subclones of primary tumors. Finally, the lineages of cancer cells with higher residual DNA methylation levels and upregulated expression of CCN1 and HSP90AA1 presented greater metastatic potential. This study characterizes the critical genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic features and their mutual regulatory relationships in ovarian cancer, providing valuable resources for identifying new molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for HGSC. SIGNIFICANCE Integrated analysis of multiomic changes and epigenetic regulation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer provides insights into the molecular characteristics of this disease, which could help improve diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoling Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Danhua Shen
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Dou
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqiong Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunuo Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Corresponding Authors: Fuchou Tang, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. E-mail: ; Heng Cui, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: ; and Kehkooi Kee, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100084, China. E-mail:
| | - Heng Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Corresponding Authors: Fuchou Tang, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. E-mail: ; Heng Cui, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: ; and Kehkooi Kee, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100084, China. E-mail:
| | - Fuchou Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Corresponding Authors: Fuchou Tang, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. E-mail: ; Heng Cui, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China. E-mail: ; and Kehkooi Kee, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100084, China. E-mail:
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8
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Yan A, Xiong J, Zhu J, Li X, Xu S, Feng X, Ke X, Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang HW, Zhang MQ, Kee K. DAZL regulates proliferation of human primordial germ cells by direct binding to precursor miRNAs and enhances DICER processing activity. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:11255-11272. [DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) is essential in studying infertility and germ cell tumorigenesis. Many RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and non-coding RNAs are specifically expressed and functional during hPGC developments. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of these RBPs and non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), in hPGCs remain elusive. In this study, we reported a new regulatory function of DAZL, a germ cell-specific RBP, in miRNA biogenesis and cell proliferation. First, DAZL co-localized with miRNA let-7a in human PGCs and up-regulated the levels of >100 mature miRNAs, including eight out of nine let-7 family, miR21, miR22, miR125, miR10 and miR199. Purified DAZL directly bound to the loops of precursor miRNAs with sequence specificity of GUU. The binding of DAZL to the precursor miRNA increased the maturation of miRNA by enhancing the cleavage activity of DICER. Furthermore, cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis confirmed that DAZL inhibited the proliferation of in vitro PGCs by promoting the maturation of these miRNAs. Evidently, the mature miRNAs up-regulated by DAZL silenced cell proliferation regulators including TRIM71. Moreover, DAZL inhibited germline tumor cell proliferation and teratoma formation. These results demonstrate that DAZL regulates hPGC proliferation by enhancing miRNA processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yan
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Tsinghua University-–Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jiadong Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Software Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, BNRist; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Shuting Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Tsinghua University-–Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xin Ke
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, BNRist; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, BNRist; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Michael Q Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, BNRist; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, RL11, Richardson , TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Tsinghua University-–Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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9
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Hu W, Zeng H, Shi Y, Zhou C, Huang J, Jia L, Xu S, Feng X, Zeng Y, Xiong T, Huang W, Sun P, Chang Y, Li T, Fang C, Wu K, Cai L, Ni W, Li Y, Yang Z, Zhang QC, Chian R, Chen Z, Liang X, Kee K. Single-cell transcriptome and translatome dual-omics reveals potential mechanisms of human oocyte maturation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5114. [PMID: 36042231 PMCID: PMC9427852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined use of transcriptome and translatome as indicators of gene expression profiles is usually more accurate than the use of transcriptomes alone, especially in cell types governed by translational regulation, such as mammalian oocytes. Here, we developed a dual-omics methodology that includes both transcriptome and translatome sequencing (T&T-seq) of single-cell oocyte samples, and we used it to characterize the transcriptomes and translatomes during mouse and human oocyte maturation. T&T-seq analysis revealed distinct translational expression patterns between mouse and human oocytes and delineated a sequential gene expression regulation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during human oocyte maturation. By these means, we also identified a functional role of OOSP2 inducing factor in human oocyte maturation, as human recombinant OOSP2 induced in vitro maturation of human oocytes, which was blocked by anti-OOSP2. Single-oocyte T&T-seq analyses further elucidated that OOSP2 induces specific signaling pathways, including small GTPases, through translational regulation. Development of methods for simultaneous single cell analysis of transcription and translation is still underway. Here, Hu et al. develop single-cell transcriptome and translatome dual-omics on human oocytes, which enables them to identify OOSP2 as an induction factor during human oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Hu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanchuan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiana Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Feng
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tuanlin Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Wenze Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajie Chang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Fang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingbo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Wuhua Ni
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology and Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - RiCheng Chian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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10
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Fu H, Wang T, Kong X, Yan K, Yang Y, Cao J, Yuan Y, Wang N, Kee K, Lu ZJ, Xi Q. A Nodal enhanced micropeptide NEMEP regulates glucose uptake during mesendoderm differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3984. [PMID: 35810171 PMCID: PMC9271079 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β family proteins including Nodal are known as central regulators of early development in metazoans, yet our understanding of the scope of Nodal signaling’s downstream targets and associated physiological mechanisms in specifying developmentally appropriate cell fates is far from complete. Here, we identified a highly conserved, transmembrane micropeptide—NEMEP—as a direct target of Nodal signaling in mesendoderm differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), and this micropeptide is essential for mesendoderm differentiation. We showed that NEMEP interacts with the glucose transporters GLUT1/GLUT3 and promotes glucose uptake likely through these interactions. Thus, beyond expanding the scope of known Nodal signaling targets in early development and showing that this target micropeptide augments the glucose uptake during mesendoderm differentiation, our study provides a clear example for the direct functional impact of altered glucose metabolism on cell fate determination. Fu et al. identify the highly conserved, transmembrane micropeptide, NEMEP, as a direct target of Nodal signaling, essential for mesendoderm differentiation. NEMEP interacts with the glucose transporters GLUT1/GLUT3 and promotes glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaohui Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingyi Cao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yafei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi John Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiaoran Xi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. .,Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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11
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Chen B, Zhu G, Yan A, He J, Liu Y, Li L, Yang X, Dong C, Kee K. IGSF11 is required for pericentric heterochromatin dissociation during meiotic diplotene. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009778. [PMID: 34491997 PMCID: PMC8448346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiosis initiation and progression are regulated by both germ cells and gonadal somatic cells. However, little is known about what genes or proteins connecting somatic and germ cells are required for this regulation. Our results show that deficiency for adhesion molecule IGSF11, which is expressed in both Sertoli cells and germ cells, leads to male infertility in mice. Combining a new meiotic fluorescent reporter system with testicular cell transplantation, we demonstrated that IGSF11 is required in both somatic cells and spermatogenic cells for primary spermatocyte development. In the absence of IGSF11, spermatocytes proceed through pachytene, but the pericentric heterochromatin of nonhomologous chromosomes remains inappropriately clustered from late pachytene onward, resulting in undissolved interchromosomal interactions. Hi-C analysis reveals elevated levels of interchromosomal interactions occurring mostly at the chromosome ends. Collectively, our data elucidates that IGSF11 in somatic cells and germ cells is required for pericentric heterochromatin dissociation during diplotene in mouse primary spermatocytes. For sexually reproducing species, the number of chromosomes in a mature germ cell is half that of a typical somatic cell, and its chromosome sequence is not identical to that of parental cell, these changes result from a highly specialized cell division process named meiosis. In contrast to mitosis, germ cells undergo many meiotic-specific regulatory processes during prophase I of meiosis. In mammals, the development of male and female meiotic germ cells relies on completely different microenvironment provided by sexually specialized gonadal somatic cells, but what gene is required for germ cells and gonadal somatic cells to mediate meiosis progression is largely unclear. Here, we construct a fluorescent reporter to trace meiotic prophase in mice, and use it to examine the requirement of IGSF11 in mediating pericentric heterochromatin dissociation during meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gengzhen Zhu
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - An Yan
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Kuang W, Zhang J, Lan Z, Deepak RNVK, Liu C, Ma Z, Cheng L, Zhao X, Meng X, Wang W, Wang X, Xu L, Jiao Y, Luo Q, Meng Z, Kee K, Liu X, Deng H, Li W, Fan H, Chen L. SLC22A14 is a mitochondrial riboflavin transporter required for sperm oxidative phosphorylation and male fertility. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109025. [PMID: 33882315 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ablation of Slc22a14 causes male infertility in mice, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that SLC22A14 is a riboflavin transporter localized at the inner mitochondrial membrane of the spermatozoa mid-piece and show by genetic, biochemical, multi-omic, and nutritional evidence that riboflavin transport deficiency suppresses the oxidative phosphorylation and reprograms spermatozoa energy metabolism by disrupting flavoenzyme functions. Specifically, we find that fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is defective with significantly reduced levels of acyl-carnitines and metabolites from the TCA cycle (the citric acid cycle) but accumulated triglycerides and free fatty acids in Slc22a14 knockout spermatozoa. We demonstrate that Slc22a14-mediated FAO is essential for spermatozoa energy generation and motility. Furthermore, sperm from wild-type mice treated with a riboflavin-deficient diet mimics those in Slc22a14 knockout mice, confirming that an altered riboflavin level causes spermatozoa morphological and bioenergetic defects. Beyond substantially advancing our understanding of spermatozoa energy metabolism, our study provides an attractive target for the development of male contraceptives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Kuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhou Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - R N V Krishna Deepak
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhilong Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinbin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianbin Meng
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lina Xu
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yupei Jiao
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qi Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Kee K. Reply: Will Single-Cell RNAseq decipher stem cells biology in normal and cancerous tissues? Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:423. [PMID: 33367738 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Li L, Yang R, Yin C, Kee K. Studying human reproductive biology through single-cell analysis and in vitro differentiation of stem cells into germ cell-like cells. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:670-688. [PMID: 32464645 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of human reproductive development has been limited by the scarcity of human samples and ethical constraints. Recently, in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into germ cells and single-cell analyses have opened new avenues to directly study human germ cells and identify unique mechanisms in human reproductive development. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The goal of this review is to collate novel findings and insightful discoveries with these new methodologies, aiming at introducing researchers and clinicians to the use of these tools to study human reproductive biology and develop treatments for infertility. SEARCH METHODS PubMed was used to search articles and reviews with the following main keywords: in vitro differentiation, human stem cells, single-cell analysis, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, germ cells and other key terms related to these subjects. The search period included all publications from 2000 until now. OUTCOMES Single-cell analyses of human gonads have identified many important gene markers at different developmental stages and in subpopulations of cells. To validate the functional roles of these gene markers, researchers have used the in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent cells into germ cells and confirmed that some genetic requirements are unique in human germ cells and are not conserved in mouse models. Moreover, transcriptional regulatory networks and the interaction of germ and somatic cells in gonads were elucidated in these studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Single-cell analyses allow researchers to identify gene markers and potential regulatory networks using limited clinical samples. On the other hand, in vitro differentiation methods provide clinical researchers with tools to examine these newly identify gene markers and study the causative effects of mutations previously associated with infertility. Combining these two methodologies, researchers can identify gene markers and networks which are essential and unique in human reproductive development, thereby producing more accurate diagnostic tools for assessing reproductive disorders and developing treatments for infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Risako Yang
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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15
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Kee K, Schulz P. Onset of smoking amongst middle school students in Switzerland. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Smoking is a major concern amongst youth in Switzerland. This study aims to understand the longitudinal drivers of smoking initiation among middle school students in Switzerland.
Data was collected as part of an ongoing longitudinal survey study. Participants were students from middle schools in Switzerland. 1076 adolescents were surveyed in four waves from 2015 to 2019. All participants were non-smokers at the start of the study, when they were aged 10 respectively 11. Furthermore, data from adolescents' parents were collected, including their smoking behavior, perceived quality of relation with their child, as well as parental monitoring behavior. A survival analysis was carried out, describing if and when the event of smoking initiation occurs among adolescents.
Our life table showed that 31% (n = 330) of participants started smoking between the first and fourth years of their schooling. The proportion of non-smoking participants decreased yearly. The proportions of non-smokers were 0.98, 0.93, 0.86, and 0.83 in 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. A life table was used to describe and summarize the sample distribution of smoking initiation and the percentage of risk. Second, a Discrete-Time Hazard Model was tested with parental smoking behavior, perceived quality of relation with their child and parental monitoring behavior as drivers to predict adolescents' smoking initiation.
The findings show that the number of smokers and new smokers increases over time among adolescents. Parental smoking behavior and the perceived quality of relationship with their offspring are factors that influence an adolescent's smoking initiation. This suggests that there may be sharing and normative influences amongst the cohorts as students move up the school grades. Future studies should investigate personal and environmental factors that contribute to smoking initiation amongst adolescents.
Key messages
Findings show that the number of smokers and new smokers increases over time among adolescents. Sharing and normative influences among adolescents as they move up the school grades may influence smoking initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P Schulz
- Institute of Communication & Health, University of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
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16
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Gao Y, Li L, Yuan P, Zhai F, Ren Y, Yan L, Li R, Lian Y, Zhu X, Wu X, Kee K, Wen L, Qiao J, Tang F. 5-Formylcytosine landscapes of human preimplantation embryos at single-cell resolution. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000799. [PMID: 32730243 PMCID: PMC7419013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dynamics, such as DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility, have been extensively explored in human preimplantation embryos. However, the active demethylation process during this crucial period remains largely unexplored. In this study, we use single-cell chemical-labeling-enabled C-to-T conversion sequencing (CLEVER-seq) to quantify the DNA 5-formylcytosine (5fC) levels of human preimplantation embryos. We find that 5-formylcytosine phosphate guanine (5fCpG) exhibits genomic element-specific distribution features and is enriched in L1 and endogenous retrovirus-K (ERVK), the subfamilies of repeat elements long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and long terminal repeats (LTRs), respectively. Unlike in mice, paired pronuclei in the same zygote present variable difference of 5fCpG levels, although the male pronuclei experience stronger global demethylation. The nucleosome-occupied regions show a higher 5fCpG level compared with nucleosome-depleted ones, suggesting the role of 5fC in organizing nucleosome position. Collectively, our work offers a valuable resource for ten-eleven translocation protein family (TET)-dependent active demethylation-related study during human early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovaiton Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinglong Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovaiton Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovaiton Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Life Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovaiton Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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17
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Gao H, Zheng C, Du J, Wu Y, Sun Y, Han C, Kee K, Rao Y. FAK-targeting PROTAC as a chemical tool for the investigation of non-enzymatic FAK function in mice. Protein Cell 2020; 11:534-539. [PMID: 32451721 PMCID: PMC7305269 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chunwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Du
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yue Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yonghui Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chunsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Savaid Medical School, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yu Rao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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18
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Nalliah C, Wong G, Lee G, Voskoboinik A, Kee K, Goldin J, Watts T, Linz D, Parameswaren R, Sugumar H, Prabhu S, McLellan A, Ling H, Joseph S, Morton J, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. 005 Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on the Atrial Substrate in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Atrial Fibrillation: The SLEEP-AF Substrate Sub-Study. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Liang J, Wang N, He J, Du J, Guo Y, Li L, Wu W, Yao C, Li Z, Kee K. Induction of Sertoli-like cells from human fibroblasts by NR5A1 and GATA4. eLife 2019; 8:48767. [PMID: 31710289 PMCID: PMC6881147 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells are essential nurse cells in the testis that regulate the process of spermatogenesis and establish the immune-privileged environment of the blood-testis-barrier (BTB). Here, we report the in vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts to human induced Sertoli-like cells (hiSCs). Initially, five transcriptional factors and a gene reporter carrying the AMH promoter were utilized to obtain the hiSCs. We further reduce the number of reprogramming factors to two, NR5A1 and GATA4, and show that these hiSCs have transcriptome profiles and cellular properties that are similar to those of primary human Sertoli cells. Moreover, hiSCs can sustain the viability of spermatogonia cells harvested from mouse seminiferous tubules. hiSCs suppress the proliferation of human T lymphocytes and protect xenotransplanted human cells in mice with normal immune systems. hiSCs also allow us to determine a gene associated with Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCO), CX43, is indeed important in regulating the maturation of Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Liang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Du
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chencheng Yao
- Department of Andrology, the Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Andrology, the Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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20
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Ng L, Hsu J, Kee K, Gorelik A. The effectiveness of a sleep clinical pathway in an inpatient musculoskeletal rehabilitation cohort: A randomised controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Nalliah C, Wong G, Parameswaran R, Voskoboinik A, Wirth D, Pathik B, Prabhu S, Morton J, Goldin J, Lee G, Kee K, Ling H, McLellan A, Joseph S, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. High-Density Mapping of the Substrate for Atrial Fibrillation in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Implications for the Crista Terminalis and Posterior Right Atrium. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Nalliah C, Wong G, Parameswaran R, Voskoboinik A, Pathik B, Prabhu S, Wirth D, Morton J, Goldin J, Lee G, Kee K, Ling H, McLellan A, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. High-Density Mapping of the Substrate for Atrial Fibrillation in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: Relationship with Atrial Fibrillation Phenotype. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Nalliah C, Wirth D, Wong G, Voskoboinik A, Prabhu S, Pathik B, Morton J, Lee G, Joseph S, Ling H, Goldin J, Kee K, McLellan A, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Aponea in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Patients: Relationship with the Atrial Fibrillation Phenotype. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Entesari-Tatafi D, Perkins A, Monogue T, Goldin J, Kee K. Delayed habitual sleep times in patients undergoing multiple sleep latency testing significantly contributes to test failure. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Li L, Sha Y, Wang X, Li P, Wang J, Kee K, Wang B. Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous BRDT mutation in a patient with acephalic spermatozoa. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19914-19922. [PMID: 28199965 PMCID: PMC5386733 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acephalic spermatozoa is a very rare disorder of male infertility. Here, in a patient from from a consanguineous family, we have identified, by whole-exome sequencing, a homozygous mutation (c.G2783A, p.G928D) in the BRDT gene. The gene product, BRDT, is a testis-specific protein that is considered an important drug target for male contraception. The G928D mutation is in the P-TEFb binding domain, which mediates the interaction with transcription elongation factor and might affect the transcriptional activities of downstream genes. By RNA-sequencing analysis of cells expressing the BRDT mutation, we found the p.G928D mutation protein causes mis-regulation of 899 genes compared with BRDT wild-type cells. Furthermore, by Gene Ontology analysis, the upregulated genes in p.G928D cells were enriched in the processes of intracellular transport, RNA splicing, cell cycle and DNA metabolic process, revealing the underlying mechanism of the pathology that leads to acephalic spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanwei Sha
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ping Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China
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26
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Wang B, Li L, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Chen B, Li T, Pan H, Wang J, Kee K, Cao Y. Sequence variants of KHDRBS1 as high penetrance susceptibility risks for primary ovarian insufficiency by mis-regulating mRNA alternative splicing. Hum Reprod 2017; 32:2138-2146. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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27
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Zhu C, Gao Y, Guo H, Xia B, Song J, Wu X, Zeng H, Kee K, Tang F, Yi C. Single-Cell 5-Formylcytosine Landscapes of Mammalian Early Embryos and ESCs at Single-Base Resolution. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:720-731.e5. [PMID: 28343982 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Active DNA demethylation in mammals involves ten-eleven translocation (TET) family protein-mediated oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). However, base-resolution landscapes of 5-formylcytosine (5fC) (an oxidized derivative of 5mC) at the single-cell level remain unexplored. Here, we present "CLEVER-seq" (chemical-labeling-enabled C-to-T conversion sequencing), which is a single-cell, single-base resolution 5fC-sequencing technology, based on biocompatible, selective chemical labeling of 5fC and subsequent C-to-T conversion during amplification and sequencing. CLEVER-seq shows intrinsic 5fC heterogeneity in mouse early embryos, Epi stem cells (EpiSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). CLEVER-seq of mouse early embryos also reveals the highly patterned genomic distribution and parental-specific dynamics of 5fC during mouse early pre-implantation development. Integrated analysis demonstrates that promoter 5fC production precedes the expression upregulation of a clear set of developmentally and metabolically critical genes. Collectively, our work reveals the dynamics of active DNA demethylation during mouse pre-implantation development and provides an important resource for further functional studies of epigenetic reprogramming in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Yun Gao
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Hongshan Guo
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Bo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Jinghui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Xinglong Wu
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Hu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC.
| | - Chengqi Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC; Department of Chemical Biology and Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PRC.
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28
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Guo J, Ma D, Huang R, Ming J, Ye M, Kee K, Xie Z, Na J. An inducible CRISPR-ON system for controllable gene activation in human pluripotent stem cells. Protein Cell 2017; 8:379-393. [PMID: 28116670 PMCID: PMC5413595 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-016-0360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are an important system to study early human development, model human diseases, and develop cell replacement therapies. However, genetic manipulation of hPSCs is challenging and a method to simultaneously activate multiple genomic sites in a controllable manner is sorely needed. Here, we constructed a CRISPR-ON system to efficiently upregulate endogenous genes in hPSCs. A doxycycline (Dox) inducible dCas9-VP64-p65-Rta (dCas9-VPR) transcription activator and a reverse Tet transactivator (rtTA) expression cassette were knocked into the two alleles of the AAVS1 locus to generate an iVPR hESC line. We showed that the dCas9-VPR level could be precisely and reversibly controlled by the addition and withdrawal of Dox. Upon transfection of multiplexed gRNA plasmid targeting the NANOG promoter and Dox induction, we were able to control NANOG gene expression from its endogenous locus. Interestingly, an elevated NANOG level promoted naïve pluripotent gene expression, enhanced cell survival and clonogenicity, and enabled hESCs to integrate with the inner cell mass (ICM) of mouse blastocysts in vitro. Thus, iVPR cells provide a convenient platform for gene function studies as well as high-throughput screens in hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Guo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dacheng Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Center for Synthetic and System Biology, TNLIST/Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rujin Huang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jia Ming
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhen Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, Center for Synthetic and System Biology, TNLIST/Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jie Na
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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29
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Wirth D, Nalliah C, Wong G, Voskoboinik A, Pathik B, Prabhu S, Morton J, Lee G, Joseph S, Ling H, Goldin J, Kee K, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Patients Having Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Prevalence, Severity and Association with Arrhythmia Phenotype. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Nalliah C, Wong G, Voscoboinik A, Pathil B, Prabhu S, Wirth D, Morton J, Goldin J, Joseph S, Kee K, Lee G, Ling H, Kistler P, Sanders P, Kalman J. Ultra High Density Mapping Reveals Regional Conduction Slowing in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Li L, Wang B, Zhang W, Chen B, Luo M, Wang J, Wang X, Cao Y, Kee K. A homozygous NOBOX truncating variant causes defective transcriptional activation and leads to primary ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2016; 32:248-255. [PMID: 27836978 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does a novel homozygous NOBOX truncating variant, identified in whole exome sequencing (WES) of patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), cause defective transcriptional activation of multiple oocyte-related genes? SUMMARY ANSWER A novel homozygous truncating mutation of NOBOX was confirmed to exhibit a loss-of-function effect using well-defined molecular and functional analyses. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Several NOBOX mutations have been reported to be associated with POI but all of them are heterozygous mutations. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a cross sectional study in 96 patients diagnosed with POI and 211 women not diagnosed with POI in China. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Blood samples collected from the participants were subjected to whole exome sequencing. Full-length transcript of NOBOX was cloned directly from human fetal ovary (FO). Functional analysis was performed for a NOBOX sequence variant associated with POI. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE One novel homozygous truncating variant, chr7:144098161delC, in the NOBOX gene was found in a POI patient. The truncating variant showed a severe defect in transcriptional activation of GDF9 a well-known target NOBOX. Furthermore, using real-time quantitative PCR analysis, we found many oocyte-related genes were expressed at lower level in truncating variant cells than in control cells. In addition, we found that the truncated NOBOX lost its ability to induce the G2/M arrest.Notably, our results confirmed that the 1725 bp NOBOX transcript is expressed in human FO and is the only functional isoform in transcriptional activation assays. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Although the in vitro assays demonstrated the loss-of-function effect of truncating mutation on NOBOX transcriptional activation, further studies are needed to validate its long-term effects on folliculogenesis and POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first homozygous mutation of NOBOX associated with POI showing a loss-of-function effect using well-defined molecular and functional analyses. These results will aid both researchers and clinicians in understanding the molecular pathology of NOBOX and POI to develop diagnostic assays or therapeutic approaches. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS Research funding is provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012CB944704; 2012CB966702], the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant number: 31171429] and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan three 9, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Dongdan three 9, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Beili Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road, Shushan, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Minna Luo
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, 12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road, Shushan, Hefei 230022, China .,Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road, Shushan, Hefei 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Meishan Road, Shushan, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Li L, Zhou X, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang W, Wang B, Cao Y, Kee K. A dominant negative mutation at the ATP binding domain ofAMHR2is associated with a defective anti-Müllerian hormone signaling pathway. Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 22:669-78. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of human germ cell biology is important for developing infertility treatments. However, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate human gametogenesis due to the difficulties in collecting samples, especially germ cells during fetal development. In contrast to the mitotic arrest of spermatogonia stem cells in the fetal testis, female germ cells proceed into meiosis and began folliculogenesis in fetal ovaries. Regulations of these developmental events, including the initiation of meiosis and the endowment of primordial follicles, remain an enigma. Studying the molecular mechanisms of female germ cell biology in the human ovary has been mostly limited to spatiotemporal characterizations of genes or proteins. Recent efforts in utilizing in vitro differentiation system of stem cells to derive germ cells have allowed researchers to begin studying molecular mechanisms during human germ cell development. Meanwhile, the possibility of isolating female germline stem cells in adult ovaries also excites researchers and generates many debates. This review will mainly focus on presenting and discussing recent in vivo and in vitro studies on female germ cell biology in human. The topics will highlight the progress made in understanding the three main stages of germ cell developments: namely, primordial germ cell formation, meiotic initiation, and folliculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liu C, Lin J, Li L, Zhang Y, Chen W, Cao Z, Zuo H, Chen C, Kee K. HPV16 early gene E5 specifically reduces miRNA-196a in cervical cancer cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7653. [PMID: 25563170 PMCID: PMC4288222 DOI: 10.1038/srep07653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, which is responsible for greater than 50% of cervical cancer cases, is the most prevalent and lethal HPV type. However, the molecular mechanisms of cervical carcinogenesis remain elusive, particularly the early steps of HPV infection that may transform normal cervical epithelium into a pre-neoplastic state. Here, we report that a group of microRNAs (microRNAs) were aberrantly decreased in HPV16-positive normal cervical tissues, and these groups of microRNAs are further reduced in cervical carcinoma. Among these miRNAs, miR196a expression is the most reduced in HPV16-infected tissues. Interestingly, miR196a expression is low in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell lines but high in HPV16-negative cervical cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we found that only HPV16 early gene E5 specifically down-regulated miRNA196a in the cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, HoxB8, a known miR196a target gene, is up-regulated in the HPV16 cervical carcinoma cell line but not in HPV18 cervical cancer cell lines. Various doses of miR196a affected cervical cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Altogether, these results suggested that HPV16 E5 specifically down-regulates miR196a upon infection of the human cervix and initiates the transformation of normal cervix cells to cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanzhen Liu
- 1] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jianfei Lin
- 1] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lianqin Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Tsinghua University Second Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weiling Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zeyi Cao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Tsinghua University Second Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huancong Zuo
- 1] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Tsinghua University Second Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunling Chen
- 1] Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China [2] Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Beijing Henghe Hospital, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Lin J, Chen H, Luo L, Lai Y, Xie W, Kee K. Creating a monomeric endonuclease TALE-I-SceI with high specificity and low genotoxicity in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 43:1112-22. [PMID: 25541197 PMCID: PMC4333390 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To correct a DNA mutation in the human genome for gene therapy, homology-directed repair (HDR) needs to be specific and have the lowest off-target effects to protect the human genome from deleterious mutations. Zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) and CRISPR-CAS9 systems have been engineered and used extensively to recognize and modify specific DNA sequences. Although TALEN and CRISPR/CAS9 could induce high levels of HDR in human cells, their genotoxicity was significantly higher. Here, we report the creation of a monomeric endonuclease that can recognize at least 33 bp by fusing the DNA-recognizing domain of TALEN (TALE) to a re-engineered homing endonuclease I-SceI. After sequentially re-engineering I-SceI to recognize 18 bp of the human β-globin sequence, the re-engineered I-SceI induced HDR in human cells. When the re-engineered I-SceI was fused to TALE (TALE-ISVB2), the chimeric endonuclease induced the same HDR rate at the human β-globin gene locus as that induced by TALEN, but significantly reduced genotoxicity. We further demonstrated that TALE-ISVB2 specifically targeted at the β-globin sequence in human hematopoietic stem cells. Therefore, this monomeric endonuclease has the potential to be used in therapeutic gene targeting in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Tsinghua-Peking-NIBS Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongrong Lai
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Xie
- THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Tsinghua-Peking-NIBS Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Douglas N, Young A, Roebuck T, Ho S, Miller BR, Kee K, Dabscheck EJ, Naughton MT. Prevalence of depression in patients referred with snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea. Intern Med J 2013; 43:630-4. [PMID: 23461358 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T. Roebuck
- Department of Allergy; Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Australia
| | - S. Ho
- Department of Allergy; Immunology and Respiratory Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gavrilovski
- Department of Geriatrics and Stroke Medicine, Croydon University Hospital, Croydon CR7 7YE, London, UK.
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Chung J, Dash R, Kee K, Barral JK, Kosuge H, Robbins RC, Nishimura D, Reijo-Pera RA, Yang PC. Theranostic effect of serial manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of human embryonic stem cell derived teratoma. Magn Reson Med 2011; 68:595-9. [PMID: 22190225 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although human embryonic stem cell (hESC) hold therapeutic potential, teratoma formation has deterred clinical translation. Manganese (Mn(2+)) enters metabolically active cells through voltage-gated calcium channels and subsequently, induces T(1) shortening. We hypothesized that serial manganese-enhanced MRI would have theranostic effect to assess hESC survival, teratoma formation, and hESC-derived teratoma reduction through intracellular accumulation of Mn(2+). Firefly luciferase transduced hESCs (hESC-Lucs) were transplanted into severe combined immunodeficient mouse hindlimbs to form teratoma. The chemotherapy group was injected with MnCl(2) intraperitoneally three times a week. The control group was given MnCl(2) only prior to manganese-enhanced MRI. Longitudinal evaluation by manganese-enhanced MRI and bioluminescence imaging was performed. The chemotherapy group showed significant reduction in the teratoma volume and luciferase activity at weeks 6 and 8. Histology revealed increased proportion of dead cells and caspase 3 positive cells in the chemotherapy group. Systemic administration of MnCl(2) enabled simultaneous monitoring and elimination of hESC-derived teratoma cells by higher intracellular accumulation of Mn(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Chung
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
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Nguyen HN, Byers B, Cord B, Shcheglovitov A, Byrne J, Gujar P, Kee K, Schüle B, Dolmetsch RE, Langston W, Palmer TD, Pera RR. LRRK2 mutant iPSC-derived DA neurons demonstrate increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. Cell Stem Cell 2011; 8:267-80. [PMID: 21362567 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been hindered by lack of access to affected human dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Here, we report generation of induced pluripotent stem cells that carry the p.G2019S mutation (G2019S-iPSCs) in the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase-2 (LRRK2) gene, the most common PD-related mutation, and their differentiation into DA neurons. The high penetrance of the LRRK2 mutation and its clinical resemblance to sporadic PD suggest that these cells could provide a valuable platform for disease analysis and drug development. We found that DA neurons derived from G2019S-iPSCs showed increased expression of key oxidative stress-response genes and α-synuclein protein. The mutant neurons were also more sensitive to caspase-3 activation and cell death caused by exposure to stress agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, MG-132, and 6-hydroxydopamine, than control DA neurons. This enhanced stress sensitivity is consistent with existing understanding of early PD phenotypes and represents a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nam Nguyen
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Chung J, Kee K, Barral JK, Dash R, Kosuge H, Wang X, Weissman I, Robbins RC, Nishimura D, Quertermous T, Reijo-Pera RA, Yang PC. In vivo molecular MRI of cell survival and teratoma formation following embryonic stem cell transplantation into the injured murine myocardium. Magn Reson Med 2011; 66:1374-81. [PMID: 21604295 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have shown the potential to restore cardiac function after myocardial injury. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been widely employed to label ESCs for cellular MRI. However, nonspecific intracellular accumulation of SPIO limits long-term in vivo assessment of the transplanted cells. To overcome this limitation, a novel reporter gene (RG) has been developed to express antigens on the ESC surface. By employing SPIO-conjugated monoclonal antibody against these antigens (SPIO-MAb), the viability of transplanted ESCs can be detected in vivo. This study aims to develop a new molecular MRI method to assess in vivo ESC viability, proliferation, and teratoma formation. The RG is designed to express 2 antigens (hemagglutinin A and myc) and luciferase on the ESC surface. The two antigens serve as the molecular targets for SPIO-MAb. The human and mouse ESCs were transduced with the RG (ESC-RGs) and transplanted into the peri-infarct area using the murine myocardial injury model. In vivo MRI was performed following serial intravenous administration of SPIO-MAb. Significant hypointense signal was generated from the viable and proliferating ESCs and subsequent teratoma. This novel molecular MRI technique enabled in vivo detection of early ESC-derived teratoma formation in the injured murine myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Chung
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Panula S, Medrano JV, Kee K, Bergström R, Nguyen HN, Byers B, Wilson KD, Wu JC, Simon C, Hovatta O, Reijo Pera RA. Human germ cell differentiation from fetal- and adult-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 20:752-62. [PMID: 21131292 PMCID: PMC3024045 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, our understanding of molecular genetic aspects of human germ cell development has been limited, at least in part due to inaccessibility of early stages of human development to experimentation. However, the derivation of pluripotent stem cells may provide the necessary human genetic system to study germ cell development. In this study, we compared the potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), derived from adult and fetal somatic cells to form primordial and meiotic germ cells, relative to human embryonic stem cells. We found that ∼5% of human iPSCs differentiated to primordial germ cells (PGCs) following induction with bone morphogenetic proteins. Furthermore, we observed that PGCs expressed green fluorescent protein from a germ cell-specific reporter and were enriched for the expression of endogenous germ cell-specific proteins and mRNAs. In response to the overexpression of intrinsic regulators, we also observed that iPSCs formed meiotic cells with extensive synaptonemal complexes and post-meiotic haploid cells with a similar pattern of ACROSIN staining as observed in human spermatids. These results indicate that human iPSCs derived from reprogramming of adult somatic cells can form germline cells. This system may provide a useful model for molecular genetic studies of human germline formation and pathology and a novel platform for clinical studies and potential therapeutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Panula
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
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Kee K, Flores M, Cedars MI, Reijo Pera RA. Human primordial germ cell formation is diminished by exposure to environmental toxicants acting through the AHR signaling pathway. Toxicol Sci 2010; 117:218-24. [PMID: 20562217 PMCID: PMC2923286 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfq179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, effects of environmental toxicants on human development have been deduced via epidemiological studies because direct experimental analysis has not been possible. However, in recent years, the derivation of human pluripotent stem cells has provided a potential experimental system to directly probe human development. Here, we used human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to study the effect of environmental toxicants on human germ cell development, with a focus on differentiation of the founding population of primordial germ cells (PGCs), which will go on to form the oocytes of the adult. We demonstrate that human PGC numbers are specifically reduced by exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a group of toxicants common in air pollutants released from gasoline combustion or tobacco smoke. Further, we demonstrate that the adverse effects of PAH exposure are mediated through the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and BAX pathway. This study demonstrates the utility of hESCs as a model system for direct examination of the molecular and genetic pathways of environmental toxicants on human germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkooi Kee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research and Education, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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Reijo Pera RA, Kee K, Angeles VT, Flores M. Differentiation of Germ Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Renee A. Reijo Pera, Ph.D. Biol Reprod 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/81.s1.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chung J, Kee K, Perra RR, Yang PC. Viability imaging of stem cell using a MRI reporter gene and MEMRI. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2009. [PMCID: PMC7852325 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-11-s1-p181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
INTRODUCTIONBiological and ethical constraints hinder studies of human germ cell development despite its importance to reproductive health, including fertility and tumorigenesis. Thus, most of what we know of human germ cell development has been extrapolated from studies in model organisms. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may provide an ideal system for probing the developmental genetics of germ cell formation and differentiation in vitro. The growth factors BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) 4, BMP7, and BMP8b are required for development of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in mice. It has been shown that these BMPs significantly increase germ cell differentiation from hESCs in vitro. This protocol describes a method to induce germ cell differentiation from hESCs by the addition of BMPs to hESC differentiation medium. The protocol can be used to study the basic mechanism of germ cell development in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkooi Kee
- Center for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research and Education, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304-5542, USA
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Flores M, Kee K, Schuh-Huerta S, Cedars M, Sternfeld B, Reijo Pera R. Inhibitory effects of tobacco toxins on human germ cell development. Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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McElroy SL, Kee K, Tran N, Menses J, Giudice LC, Reijo Pera RA. Developmental competence of immature and failed/abnormally fertilized human oocytes in nuclear transfer. Reprod Biomed Online 2008; 16:684-93. [PMID: 18492373 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer holds great promise for basic studies of reprogramming human somatic cells and for the potential development of novel cell-based therapeutics. The aim of this study was to examine experimental aspects of human nuclear transfer via use of an abundant source of oocytes, those that are routinely discarded from assisted reproduction clinics. The results suggest and reinforce several findings based on the analysis of multiple parameters: first, it was observed that supplementation of commercial culture media with hormones promoted embryo development after parthenogenetic activation. Second, the use of the chemical activation reagent puromycin resulted in significant differences in cleavage rates in oocytes that were failed/abnormally fertilized after intracytoplasmic sperm injection relative to those from IVF (P < 0.05). Third, cycloheximide promoted cleavage rates >/=40% in both groups of oocytes; moreover, two blastocysts were produced following cycloheximide treatment. Finally, the use of a subset of oocytes for nuclear transfer resulted in cleaved embryos that expressed green fluorescent protein from a transgene in donor nuclei from human embryonic stem cells. In light of these results, it is suggested that the discarded oocytes can be used to investigate new human nuclear transfer protocols for embryonic stem cell derivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Lee McElroy
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Palo Alto, CA 94304-5542, USA
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Adewumi O, Aflatoonian B, Ahrlund-Richter L, Amit M, Andrews PW, Beighton G, Bello PA, Benvenisty N, Berry LS, Bevan S, Blum B, Brooking J, Chen KG, Choo ABH, Churchill GA, Corbel M, Damjanov I, Draper JS, Dvorak P, Emanuelsson K, Fleck RA, Ford A, Gertow K, Gertsenstein M, Gokhale PJ, Hamilton RS, Hampl A, Healy LE, Hovatta O, Hyllner J, Imreh MP, Itskovitz-Eldor J, Jackson J, Johnson JL, Jones M, Kee K, King BL, Knowles BB, Lako M, Lebrin F, Mallon BS, Manning D, Mayshar Y, McKay RDG, Michalska AE, Mikkola M, Mileikovsky M, Minger SL, Moore HD, Mummery CL, Nagy A, Nakatsuji N, O'Brien CM, Oh SKW, Olsson C, Otonkoski T, Park KY, Passier R, Patel H, Patel M, Pedersen R, Pera MF, Piekarczyk MS, Pera RAR, Reubinoff BE, Robins AJ, Rossant J, Rugg-Gunn P, Schulz TC, Semb H, Sherrer ES, Siemen H, Stacey GN, Stojkovic M, Suemori H, Szatkiewicz J, Turetsky T, Tuuri T, van den Brink S, Vintersten K, Vuoristo S, Ward D, Weaver TA, Young LA, Zhang W. Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative. Nat Biotechnol 2007; 25:803-16. [PMID: 17572666 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 765] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide. Despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers of human embryonic stem cells. They expressed the glycolipid antigens SSEA3 and SSEA4, the keratan sulfate antigens TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM2 and GCT343, and the protein antigens CD9, Thy1 (also known as CD90), tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and class 1 HLA, as well as the strongly developmentally regulated genes NANOG, POU5F1 (formerly known as OCT4), TDGF1, DNMT3B, GABRB3 and GDF3. Nevertheless, the lines were not identical: differences in expression of several lineage markers were evident, and several imprinted genes showed generally similar allele-specific expression patterns, but some gene-dependent variation was observed. Also, some female lines expressed readily detectable levels of XIST whereas others did not. No significant contamination of the lines with mycoplasma, bacteria or cytopathic viruses was detected.
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Abstract
The growth factors bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4), BMP7, and BMP8b are required for specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in mice. Disruption of the genes that encode these factors leads to a severe reduction in number, or the complete absence, of PGCs. In addition, several studies have demonstrated that human BMP4 can promote PGC differentiation from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and in organ cultures. Here, we sought to determine whether recombinant human BMPs could induce differentiation of germ cells from human (h) ES cells. We found that addition of recombinant human BMP4 increased the expression of the germ cell-specific markers VASA and SYCP3 during differentiation of hES cells to embryoid bodies (EBs). In addition, BMP7 and BMP8b showed additive effects on germ cell induction when added together with BMP4. Finally, we observed that addition of BMPs to differentiating ES cells also increased the percentage of cells that stained positively for VASA. We note that the effects of recombinant BMPs were modest but reproducible and suggest that addition of BMPs to differentiation media increases differentiation of human germ cells from hES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehkooi Kee
- UCSF Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Henderson KA, Kee K, Maleki S, Santini P, Keeney S. Cyclin-dependent kinase directly regulates initiation of meiotic recombination. Cell 2006; 125:1321-32. [PMID: 16814718 PMCID: PMC1950680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 04/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Meiosis is a specialized cell division that halves the genome complement, producing haploid gametes/spores from diploid cells. Proper separation of homologous chromosomes at the first meiotic division requires the production of physical connections (chiasmata) between homologs through recombinational exchange of chromosome arms after sister-chromatid cohesion is established but before chromosome segregation takes place. The events of meiotic prophase must thus occur in a strictly temporal order, but the molecular controls coordinating these events have not been well elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that the budding yeast cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28 directly regulates the formation of the DNA double-strand breaks that initiate recombination by phosphorylating the Mer2/Rec107 protein and thereby modulating interactions of Mer2 with other proteins required for break formation. We propose that this function of Cdc28 helps to coordinate the events of meiotic prophase with each other and with progression through prophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten A. Henderson
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Kehkooi Kee
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Shohreh Maleki
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Paul Santini
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Scott Keeney
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 USA
- Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
- * Corresponding author: Phone (212) 639-5182; FAX: (212) 717-3627; e-mail:
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