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Muralidharan J, Romain C, Bresciani L, Mena P, Angelino D, Del Rio D, Chung LH, Alcaraz PE, Cases J. Correction: Nutrikinetics and urinary excretion of phenolic compounds after a 16-week supplementation with a flavanone-rich ingredient. Food Funct 2024; 15:5175. [PMID: 38623634 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo90038c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Correction for 'Nutrikinetics and urinary excretion of phenolic compounds after a 16-week supplementation with a flavanone-rich ingredient' by Jananee Muralidharan et al., Food Funct., 2023, 14, 10506-10519, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3FO02820H.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cindy Romain
- Fytexia, ZAE via Europa - 3 rue d'Athènes, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, 64100, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Linda H Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport - UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food and Nutrition Technology, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport - UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food and Nutrition Technology, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Julien Cases
- Fytexia, ZAE via Europa - 3 rue d'Athènes, 34350 Vendres, France.
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Muralidharan J, Romain C, Bresciani L, Mena P, Angelino D, Del Rio D, Chung LH, Alcaraz PE, Cases J. Nutrikinetics and urinary excretion of phenolic compounds after a 16-week supplementation with a flavanone-rich ingredient. Food Funct 2023; 14:10506-10519. [PMID: 37943075 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02820h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Polyphenols are a broad group of compounds with a complex metabolic fate. Flavanones and their metabolites provide cardiovascular protection and assistance in long-term body composition management. Objective: This study evaluates the nutrikinetics and the bioavailability of phenolic compounds after both acute and chronic supplementation with a flavanone-rich product, namely Sinetrol® Xpur, in healthy overweight and obese volunteers. Design: An open-label study including 20 volunteers was conducted for 16 weeks. Participants received Sinetrol® Xpur, either a low dose (900 mg per day) or a high dose (1800 mg per day), in capsules during breakfast and lunch. They were advised to follow an individualized isocaloric diet and avoid a list of polyphenol-rich foods 48 hours before and during the pharmacokinetic measurements. Results: Over 20 phase II and colonic metabolites were measured in the plasma. Two peaks were observed at 1 h and 7h-10 h after the first capsule ingestion. No significant differences in the AUC were observed in circulating metabolites between both doses. In urine excretion, 53 metabolites were monitored, including human phase II and colonic metabolites, at weeks 1 and 16. Cumulative urine excretion was higher after the high dose than after the low dose in both acute and chronic studies. Total urinary metabolites were significantly lower in week 16 compared to week 1. Conclusion: Although the urinary excreted metabolites reduced significantly over 16 weeks, the circulating metabolites did not decrease significantly. This study suggests that chronic intake might not offer the same bioavailability as in the acute study, and this effect does not seem to be dose-dependent. The clinical trial registry number is NCT03823196.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cindy Romain
- Fytexia, ZAE via Europa - 3 rue d'Athènes, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, 64100, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Linda H Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport - UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food and Nutrition Technology, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport - UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food and Nutrition Technology, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Julien Cases
- Fytexia, ZAE via Europa - 3 rue d'Athènes, 34350 Vendres, France.
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Andreu‐Caravaca L, Ramos‐Campo DJ, Chung LH, Manonelles P, Abellán‐Aynés O, Rubio‐Arias JÁ. Effects of fast-velocity concentric resistance training in people with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 146:652-661. [PMID: 36082806 PMCID: PMC9825909 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the effects of a fast-velocity concentric resistance training (FVCRT) program on maximum strength of upper and lower limb, gait speed, walking endurance, fatigue, physical self-perception, and catastrophizing pain in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants were randomized to either an experimental [EG] (n = 18) or a control [CG] (n = 12) group. The EG carried out 10-weeks of lower limb FVCRT. The CG did not perform any intervention. The maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MVIC) during knee extension, hand-grip strength, gait speed, walking endurance, fatigue, physical self-perception, and catastrophizing pain were measured. RESULTS Inter-group differences after intervention were found on the right and left sides in MVIC (p = .032; ES = -0.7 and p = .009; ES = -0.9), and hand grip strength (p = .003; ES = -1.0 and p = .029; ES = -0.7). After FVCRT, there was in increase in MVIC (p < .001; ES = -1.7 and p < .001; ES = -1.3) and hand grip strength (p < .001; ES = -1.3 and p < .001; ES = -1.3) on both right and left sides, respectively. In addition, gait speed (p = .023; ES = 1.3), walking endurance (p < .001; ES = -1.0), symptomatic fatigue (p = .004; ES = 0.6), and catastrophizing pain (p < .001; ES = 1.0) improved in EG. CONCLUSION Lower limb FVCRT improved the upper and lower limb strength, walking, symptomatic fatigue, and catastrophizing pain in MS participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu‐Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports MedicineCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Faculty of SportCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Domingo J. Ramos‐Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science‐INEFMadridSpain
| | - Linda H. Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance SportCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Pedro Manonelles
- International Chair of Sports MedicineCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Oriol Abellán‐Aynés
- International Chair of Sports MedicineCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain,Faculty of SportCatholic University of MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Jacobo Á. Rubio‐Arias
- Health Research Centre, Department of Education, Faculty of Educational SciencesUniversity of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain
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Martínez Noguera FJ, Marín-Pagán C, Chung LH, Alcaraz PE. Biomarker Changes in Oxygen Metabolism, Acid-Base Status, and Performance after the Off-Season in Well-Trained Cyclists. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183808. [PMID: 36145185 PMCID: PMC9506402 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During the off-season, cyclists reduce their volume and intensity of training in order to recover the body from the high workload during the competitive season. Some studies have examined the effects of the off-season on cardiovascular, metabolic, and performance levels but have not evaluated oxygen metabolism, acid-base status, and electrolytes in cyclists. Therefore, our main objective was to analyze these markers in the off-season period (8 weeks) via finger capillary blood gasometry in well-trained cyclists. We found an increase in oxygen saturation (sO2) and oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) (p ≤ 0.05) and a decrease in fat oxidation at maximum fat oxidation (FatMax) (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, we observed a decreasing trend of VO2 in the ventilatory threshold 2 (VT2) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2MAX) (p ≤ 0.06) after the off-season in well-trained cyclists. Negative correlations were found between the pre–post off-season differences in the VO2 at ΔFatMax and ΔHCO3− (bicarbonate ion) and between power generated at the ΔeFTP (functional power threshold) and the ΔVO2MAX with the pH (r ≥ −0.446; p ≤ 0.05). After the off-season period, well-trained cyclists had increased markers of oxygen metabolism, decreased fat oxidation at low exercise intensities, and decreased VO2 at the VT2 and VO2MAX. Relationships were found between changes in the ΔeFTP and VO2MAX with changes in the pH and between the pH and HCO3− with changes in La−.
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Chung LH, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Can strength training modify voluntary activation, contractile properties and spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis?: a randomized controlled trial. Physiol Behav 2022; 255:113932. [PMID: 35905806 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized controlled trial was conducted to analyze the effects of 10 weeks of strength training (ST) on voluntary activation, muscle activity, muscle contractile properties, and spasticity in people with MS. METHODS 30 participants were randomized to either an experimental [EG](n=18) or a control [CG](n=12) group. The EG carried out 10-weeks of ST, where the concentric phase at maximum voluntary velocity. Muscle activity of the vastus lateralis (surface electromyography (sEMG) during the first 200 ms of contraction), maximal neural drive (peak sEMG), voluntary activation (central activation ratio), and muscle contractile function (via electrical stimulation) of the knee extensor muscles, as well as spasticity, were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS The EG showed a significant improvement with differences between groups in muscle activity in EMG0-200 (p=0.031;ES=-0.8) and maximal neural drive (p=0.038;ES=-0.8), as well as improvement in the ST group with a trend towards significance in EMG0-100 (p=0.068;ES=-0.6). CAR increased after intervention in ST group (p=0.010;ES=-0.4). Spasticity also improved in the ST group, with differences between group after intervention, in first swing excursion (right leg: p=0.006;ES=-1.4, left leg: p=0.031;ES=-1.2), number of oscillations (right leg: p=0.001;ES=-0.4, left leg: p=0.031;ES=-0.4) and duration of oscillations (left leg: p=0.002; ES=-0.6). Contractile properties remain unchanged in both ST group and control group. CONCLUSIONS 10 weeks of ST improves muscle activity during the first 200 ms of contraction, maximal neural conduction, and spasticity in people with MS. However, ST does not produce adaptations in muscle contractile properties in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- Faculty of Sport. Catholic University of Murcia. Murcia. Spain.; International Chair of Sports Medicine. Catholic University of Murcia. Murcia. Spain..
| | - Domingo J Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF. Madrid. Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance. Catholic University of Murcia. Murcia. Spain
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- Department of Education, Health Research Center, University of Almeria, Almeria, 04120 Spain..
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Chung LH, Martínez-Rodríguez A, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Effects and optimal dosage of resistance training on strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2022; 45:1595-1607. [PMID: 35579532 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2069295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the effectiveness of resistance training programs (RTP) on strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to determine the most effective dose of RTP in this population. METHODS Studies examining the effect of RTP on strength, functional capacity, balance, general health perception, and fatigue in MS patients were included. 44 studies were included. The meta-analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression methods were used to calculate the mean difference and standardized mean difference. RESULTS Significant group differences were observed in knee extensor (p = 0.01) and flexor (p < 0.001), but not in 1-repetition maximum. Regarding functional capacity and balance, differences between groups, in favour of the RTP group, were found in the Timed Up and Go Test (p = 0.001), walking endurance, (p = 0.02) gait speed (p = 0.02) and balance (p = 0.02). No significant differences between groups were observed in fatigue or general health perception. The results regarding the optimal dose are inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS RTP improves strength, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in people with MS. Registration: (PROSPERO): CRD42020182781Implications for rehabilitationResistance training is a valid strategy to improve isometric strength and functional capacity in MS patients.RTP using long durations (more than 6 weeks), high intensity (more than 80% 1-RM) and two-day weekly training frequency may be a correct stimulus to improve strength, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in people with MS.Trainers and rehabilitators should consider these indicators in order to maximize muscular and functional adaptations in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo J Ramos-Campo
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- Health Research Centre, Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Marasingha-Arachchige SU, Rubio-Arias JÁ, Alcaraz PE, Chung LH. Factors that affect heart rate variability following acute resistance exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci 2022; 11:376-392. [PMID: 33246163 PMCID: PMC9189698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversial evidence regarding the effect of acute resistance exercise (ARE) on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, which indicates the activities of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the effect of ARE on HRV parameters and identify its possible moderating factors. METHODS The PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) declaration was followed, and the methodological quality of the studies was evaluated. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Main effect analyses between pre- and post-test interventions demonstrated an increase in normalized units low frequency (p < 0.001; standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.46‒1.11) and low frequency/high frequency ratio (p < 0.001; SMD = 0.82; 95%CI: 0.64‒0.99) and a decrease in standard deviation of the normal-to-normal (NN) interval (p < 0.001; SMD = -0.58; 95%CI: -0.85 to -0.30), root mean square of the successive differences (p < 0.001; SMD = -1.01; 95%CI: -1.29 to -0.74), and normalized units high frequency (p < 0.001; SMD: -1.08; 95%CI: -1.43 to -0.73) following ARE in healthy individuals range: 15 ± 1 to 48 ± 2 years; mean ± SD). RESULTS There were differences between the subgroups in the number of sets used in an exercise (p = 0.05) for root mean square of the successive differences, as well as for exercise intensity (p = 0.01) and rest between sets (p = 0.05) for normalized units high frequency. Interestingly, there were differences between the subgroups in training volume for root mean square of the successive differences (p = 0.01), normalized units high frequency (p = 0.003) and normalized units low frequency (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Overall, there was a withdrawal of cardiac parasympathetic and activation of cardiac sympathetic modulations following ARE, and these changes were greater with higher training volume ∼30 min after ARE in healthy individuals. Furthermore, the number of sets, intensity, and rest between sets affected HRV parameters. However, gender, body mass index, and training status did not influence the changes in HRV parameters as a response to ARE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain; Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain; Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain.
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Manonelles P, Chung LH, Ramallo S, Rubio-Arias JÁ. The Impact of Resistance Training Program on Static Balance in Multiple Sclerosis Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092405. [PMID: 35566530 PMCID: PMC9106059 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease that affects balance. Among the non-pharmacological strategies to improve this variable, physical exercise is one of the most widely used. However, the benefits of some types of training, such as resistance training, on static balance in this population are still unclear. This study aims to analyze the effects of a resistance training (RT) intervention on balance in people with MS. Methods: Thirty people with MS were randomized to either an experimental (n = 18) or a control (n = 12) group. The RT group performed 10 weeks of lower limb resistance training with a concentric phase at maximum velocity. Static balance was measured before and after intervention. Results: No significant group × time interaction effects were found (ANOVA test) in any of the variables at the end of the intervention. No intragroup differences were found before or after the intervention in the balance variables. Conclusions: Resistance training with a concentric phase at maximum velocity showed no impact on balance in our sample. Future studies should examine programs of longer duration or combined with other types of training, such as balance training, with the aim of obtaining improvements in this variable in people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968278800
| | - Domingo J. Ramos-Campo
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, 28001 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Pedro Manonelles
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Linda H. Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Salvador Ramallo
- Department of Quantitative Methods for Business and Economics, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias
- Health Research Centre, Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain;
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Chung LH, Manonelles P, Vilas Boas JP, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Fast-velocity resistance training improves force development and mobility in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Sports Med 2021; 43:593-599. [PMID: 34847589 DOI: 10.1055/a-1710-1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the benefits of a lower-limb fast-velocity concentric resistance training on rate of force development, mobility, and quality of life in people with Multiple Sclerosis. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 30 people with Multiple Sclerosis, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=18) or a control (n=12) group. The experimental group carried out 10-weeks of fast-velocity concentric resistance training, while the control group did not perform any intervention. Early and late rate of force development during knee extension in both legs, sit-to-stand and Timed Up and Go tests and quality life questionnaire were evaluated before and after intervention. The training program evoked an increase in early rate of force development in experimental group (0-30; Rightleg: 63.9%, p<0.001;ES=-1.4; Leftleg: 52.7%, p<0.001;ES=-1.0) compared to control group (showed modest increases). Furthermore, experimental group improved mobility after training (Sit-to-stand: 22.2%, p<0.001;ES=1.0; Timed Up and Go Test: 10.1%, p<0.001;ES=1.1) and increased the perception of quality of life after training, while control showed no changes. The fast-velocity concentric resistance training has the potential to improve early rate of force development and mobility after 10-weeks of training. In addition, the increase in self-perceived quality of life following this training modality demonstrates promising results in the Multiple Sclerosis population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,International Chair of Sports Medicine, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Manonelles
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Abellán-Aynés O, Ávila-Gandía V, Chung LH, Manonelles P, Rubio-Arias JÁ. 10-Weeks of resistance training improves sleep quality and cardiac autonomic control in persons with multiple sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:5241-5249. [PMID: 34107841 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1934738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the acute and chronic effects of 10-weeks of progressive resistance training on sleep quality and sleeping heart rate variability in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). METHODS Eighteen pwMS (age = 44.8 ± 10.6 years; EDSS = 3.1 ± 1.7) completed a 10-week of resistance training, with three training sessions per week. Each session consisted of 4 lower body exercises, performing 2-4 sets of each exercise, with 8-15 repetitions each set, at an intensity ranging from 60 to 75% of 1-repetition maximum. Subjective and actigraphic sleep quality and sleeping heart rate variability were carried out at 4 different times: (1) Before the starting of the intervention on a rest day; (2) the night after training week 1 (3) the night after training week 10 and 4) after completing the resistance training program on a rest day. RESULTS Regarding subjective sleep quality, significant main effects were observed on the variables of sleep quality, sleep comfort, easy of falling sleep, easy of waking up and felling of rest. Sleep quality, sleep comfort and easy of falling sleep were greater in rest night in week 1 vs. rest night in week 10. Actigraphic sleep quality also improved after the training program (rest night in week 1 vs. rest night in week 10). In the pair-wise comparison showed an acute effect in the session after the training program (rest night in week 10< training night in week 10) on HF, pNN50 and RMMSD. CONCLUSIONS Resistance training is a non-pharmacological treatment that has the capacity to improve the regulation of autonomic system and, consequently, the sleep quality in pwMS.Implications for rehabilitation10 Weeks of resistance training improves the sleep quality of persons with multiple sclerosis.Resistance training can modulate autonomic cardiac control in this population.Improving the sleep quality is essential for persons with MS because of its close relationship to other variables, such as symptomatic fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Oriol Abellán-Aynés
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Linda H Chung
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Manonelles
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, LFE Research Group, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Education, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Martínez Noguera FJ, Alcaraz PE, Carlos Vivas J, Chung LH, Marín Cascales E, Marín Pagán C. 8 weeks of 2 S-Hesperidin supplementation improves muscle mass and reduces fat in amateur competitive cyclists: randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:3872-3882. [PMID: 33977947 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03456h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
2S-Hesperidin is the main flavonoid of orange (Citrus sinensis). Previous researches have pointed its effects in muscle development and fat accumulation reduction, although most of these results have not been assessed in humans. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of chronic (8-weeks) intake of 2S-hesperidin on amateur cyclists' body composition. A double-blind, parallel and randomized trial, was carried out with 40 amateur cyclists that were divided in two groups, one taking 2S-hesperidin (500 mg d-1, n = 20) and another taking placebo (500 mg d-1 microcellulose, n = 20) for 8 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and anthropometric measurements were used to assess the effect of both treatments on body composition. In addition, the resting metabolic rate was measured. In comparison to placebo, DXA analysis showed a decrease in percentage body fat (%BF) (-10.4%; p = 0.035) and lower limb fat mass (-10.5%; p = 0.029) in favour of 2S-hesperidin. After evaluation of anthropometric data, a decrease in %BF (-3.7%; p = 0.006), total body fat (-3.0%; p = 0.047), ∑ of 8 skinfolds (-6.1%; p = 0.008) was observed in 2S-hesperidin group, but not in placebo. Additionally, there was an increase in muscle mass percentage (1.0%; p = <0.001) and total muscle mass (1.7%; p = 0.011) after ingestion of 2S-hesperidin, with no changes in placebo. Chronic intake of 2S-hesperidin decreased fat mass in amateur cyclists, evaluated through different body composition measurement methodologies (DXA and anthropometry). In addition, 2S-hesperidin supplementation showed a promoting effect on muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport. University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jorge Carlos Vivas
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n., 10003 (Cáceres), Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport. University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Elena Marín Cascales
- Research Center for High Performance Sport. University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Cristian Marín Pagán
- Research Center for High Performance Sport. University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe 30107, Murcia, Spain.
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Chung LH, Manonelles P, Abellán-Aynés O, Rubio-Arias JÁ. The impact of COVID-19 home confinement on neuromuscular performance, functional capacity, and psychological state in Spanish people with Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 53:103047. [PMID: 34098184 PMCID: PMC8451204 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic caused a global confinement of more than 2 months in Spain. As a result, the general population has significantly decreased their physical activity levels. The consequences of this abrupt, sedentary lifestyle in Spanish people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) were unknown. Our aim was to examine the impact of COVID-19 home confinement on neuromuscular performance, functional capacity, physical self-perception, and anxiety in pwMS. Methods Eighteen pwMS (8:10 men/women, age: 43.41±10.88 years, Expanded Disability Status Scale: 2.85±1.34) participated in the study. Rate of force development (RFD) and maximal voluntary isometric contraction during knee extension in both legs, Timed-Up and Go test (TUG), sit-to-stand test, 6 min walk test, 10 m walk test, Physical-Self Perception Questionnaire (PSPQ) and State-Train Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were performed just before and after home confinement. Results A non-significant moderate effect (p = 0.07; ES = -0.48) was observed in the time in the sit-to-stand test compared to pre-home confinement. There was a significant increase in the time in TUG (p = 0.02; ES = -0.67). The PSQP score decreased (p = 0.01; ES = 0.79) and STAI-state increased (p = 0.01; ES = -0.65) following home confinement. Conclusion Home confinement had an impact on functional capacity, physical self-perception and state anxiety. However, neuromuscular performance was not altered after home confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Manonelles
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Oriol Abellán-Aynés
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity, Sport Science-INEF, Madrid, Spain
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Chung LH, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Dosage and Effectiveness of Aerobic Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Functional Capacity, Balance, and Fatigue in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:1826-1839. [PMID: 33567335 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits of aerobic training (AT) programs on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify the optimal dosage of AT programs for individuals with MS via a systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Two electronic databases were searched until March 2020 (PubMed-Medline and Web of Science). STUDY SELECTION Studies examining the effect of AT program on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, balance, and fatigue were included. DATA EXTRACTION After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 43 studies. A total sample of 1070 individuals with MS (AT group, n=680; control group, n=390) were analyzed. DATA SYNTHESIS The AT group demonstrated a significant increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.29; P=.002), functional capacity (timed Up and Go Test: SMD, -1.14; P<.001; gait speed: SMD, -1.19; P<.001; walking endurance: SMD, 0.46; P<.001), and balance (SMD, 3.49; P<.001) after training. Fatigue perception also decreased (SMD, -0.45; P<.001). However, no significant differences were observed when compared with the control group in either cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD, 0.14; P=.19) or fatigue perception. Nevertheless, we observed significant differences between the AT and control groups in balance (P=.02), gait speed (P=.02), and walking endurance (P=.03), favoring the participants who performed AT. Regarding the subgroup analysis, no significant differences were observed between subgroups in any of the variables studied except for gait speed, for which a greater increase in posttraining was observed when the AT program applied the continuous method (χ2=7.75; P=.005) and the exercises were performed by walking (χ2=9.36; P=.002). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic training improves gait speed, walking endurance, and balance. Cardiorespiratory fitness and fatigue perception also improved after AT, but we found no differences with the control group. In addition, subgroup analysis suggested that training using continuous and walking methods could optimize gait speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Madrid; Department of Education, University of Almería, Almeria, Spain.
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Romain C, Chung LH, Marín-Cascales E, Rubio-Arias JA, Gaillet S, Laurent C, Morillas-Ruiz JM, Martínez-Rodriguez A, Alcaraz PE, Cases J. Sixteen Weeks of Supplementation with a Nutritional Quantity of a Diversity of Polyphenols from Foodstuff Extracts Improves the Health-Related Quality of Life of Overweight and Obese Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:492. [PMID: 33540841 PMCID: PMC7913070 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity adversely affect health-related quality of life (HRQOL) through day-to-day impairments of both mental and physical functioning. It is assumed that polyphenols within the Mediterranean diet may contribute to improving HRQOL. This investigation aimed at studying the effects of a polyphenol-rich ingredient on HRQOL in overweight and obese but otherwise healthy individuals. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study including 72 volunteers was conducted. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive for a 16-week period either 900 mg/day of the supplement or a placebo. Dietary recommendations were individually determined and intakes were recorded. Daily physical mobility was also monitored. Improvement of HRQOL was set as the primary outcome and assessed at baseline and at the end of the investigation using the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health survey. Body composition was analyzed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Physical activity was calculated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). After 16 weeks, despite there being no adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS), supplemented individuals experienced significant HRQOL improvement (+5.3%; p = 0.001), including enhanced perceived physical (+11.2%; p = 0.002) and mental health (+4.1%; p = 0.021) components, with bodily pain, vitality, and general health being the greatest contributors. Body fat mass significantly decreased (-1.2 kg; p = 0.033), mainly within the trunk area (-1.0 kg; p = 0.002). Engagement in physical activity significantly increased (+1308 Met-min (Metabolic Equivalent Task minutes)/week; p = 0.050). Hence, chronic supplementation with nutritional diversity and dosing of a Mediterranean diet-inspired, polyphenol-rich ingredient resulted in significant amelioration in both perceived physical and mental health, concomitant with the improvement of body composition, in healthy subjects with excessive adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Romain
- Innovation and Scientific Affairs, Fytexia, 34350 Vendres, France;
| | - Linda H. Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (E.M.-C.); (J.A.R.-A.); (A.M.-R.); (P.E.A.)
| | - Elena Marín-Cascales
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (E.M.-C.); (J.A.R.-A.); (A.M.-R.); (P.E.A.)
| | - Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (E.M.-C.); (J.A.R.-A.); (A.M.-R.); (P.E.A.)
| | - Sylvie Gaillet
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Research Institute for Development, University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France; (S.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Caroline Laurent
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Research Institute for Development, University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France; (S.G.); (C.L.)
| | | | - Alejandro Martínez-Rodriguez
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (E.M.-C.); (J.A.R.-A.); (A.M.-R.); (P.E.A.)
| | - Pedro Emilio Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (E.M.-C.); (J.A.R.-A.); (A.M.-R.); (P.E.A.)
| | - Julien Cases
- Innovation and Scientific Affairs, Fytexia, 34350 Vendres, France;
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Marín-Pagán C, Blazevich AJ, Chung LH, Romero-Arenas S, Freitas TT, Alcaraz PE. Acute Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Resistance Circuit Training vs. Traditional Strength Training in Soccer Players. Biology (Basel) 2020; 9:biology9110383. [PMID: 33171830 PMCID: PMC7695212 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses induced by high-intensity resistance circuit-based (HRC) and traditional strength (TS) training protocols. Ten amateur soccer players reported to the laboratory on four occasions: (1) protocol familiarization and load determination; (2) maximal oxygen consumption test; (3) and (4) resistance training protocols (HRC and TS), completed in a cross-over randomized order. In both protocols, the same structure was used (two blocks of 3 sets × 3 exercises, separated by a 5-min rest), with only the time between consecutive exercises differing: TS (3 min) and HRC (~35 s, allowing 3 min of local recovery). To test for between-protocol differences, paired t-tests were applied. Results showed that oxygen consumption and heart rate during HRC were 75% and 39% higher than TS, respectively (p < 0.001). After the training sessions, blood lactate concentration at 1.5, 5 and 7 min and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were higher in HRC. The respiratory exchange ratio was 6.7% greater during HRC, with no between-group differences found post-exercise. The energy cost of HRC was ~66% higher than TS. In conclusion, HRC training induces greater cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses in soccer players and thus may be a time-effective training strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Marín-Pagán
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (T.T.F.); (P.E.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-278-566; Fax: +34 968-278-649
| | - Anthony J. Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 6027 Joondalup, Australia;
| | - Linda H. Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (T.T.F.); (P.E.A.)
- Faculty of Sport Science, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | | | - Tomás T. Freitas
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (T.T.F.); (P.E.A.)
- Faculty of Sport Science, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
- NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo 04753060, Brazil
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (L.H.C.); (T.T.F.); (P.E.A.)
- Faculty of Sport Science, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
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Andreu-Caravaca L, Chung LH, Ramos-Campo DJ, Marín-Cascales E, Encarnación-Martínez A, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Neuromuscular and Mobility Responses to a Vibration Session in Hypoxia in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Sports Med 2020; 42:307-313. [PMID: 33075829 DOI: 10.1055/a-1273-8304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of vibration training (WBVT) under hypoxic and normoxic conditions on the voluntary rate of force development (RFD), balance and muscle oxygen saturation (SMO2) in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). 10 participants completed the study (30% males, 44.4±7.7 years, 164.3±8.9 cm, 65.2±11.1 kg, 2.5±1.3 Expanded Disability Status Scale, 24.1±4.0 kg.m-2 BMI). Maximal force, RFD during isometric knee extension, static balance with eyes open and closed and sit-to-stand test were evaluated before and immediately after one session of WBVT (12 60-s bout of vibration; frequency 35 Hz; amplitude 4 mm; 1-min rest intervals) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In addition, SMO2 of the gastrocnemius lateralis was assessed during each condition. No changes were found in force, static balance and sit-to-stand test. Time-to-peak RFD increased in the left leg (p=0.02) and tended to increase in the right leg (p=0.06) after the hypoxic session. SMO2 resulted in significant increases from the initial to final intervals of the WBVT under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions (p<0.05). Increases in SMO2 during WBVT demonstrates muscle work that may contribute to the observed muscle adaptations in long-term WBVT programs without inducing decreases in neuromuscular activation, physical function and balance within a session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia.,Faculty of Sport, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia
| | - Linda H Chung
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia
| | | | - Elena Marín-Cascales
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Murcia
| | - Alberto Encarnación-Martínez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia
| | - Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid
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17
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Pérez A, Ramos-Campo DJ, Marín-Pagan C, Martínez-Noguera FJ, Chung LH, Alcaraz PE. Impact of Polarized Versus Threshold Training on Fat Metabolism and Neuromuscular Variables in Ultrarunners. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020; 15:375-382. [PMID: 31614330 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effects of 2 different intensity distribution training programs (threshold [THR] and polarized [POL]) on fat metabolism and neuromuscular variables. METHODS Twenty ultrarunners were allocated to POL (n = 11; age 40.6 [9.7] y, weight 73.5 [10.8] kg, VO2max 55.8 [4.9] mL·kg-1·min-1) or THR group (n = 9; age 36.8 [9.2] y, weight 75.5 [10.4] kg, VO2max 57.1 [5.2] mL·kg-1·min-1) and performed a 12-week training program that consisted of 5 running sessions, 2 strength sessions, and 1 day of full rest per week. Both groups performed similar total training duration and load but with different intensity distribution during running sessions. Resting metabolic rate, fat metabolism, isometric rate of force development (RFD; N·s-1) and maximal voluntary contraction in the knee extensor, and electromyographic amplitude were measured before and after each program. RESULTS A significant decrease in RFD0-100 ms (Δ -13.4%; P ≤ .001; effect size [ES] = 1.00), RFD0-200 ms (Δ -11.7%; P ≤ .001; ES = 1.4), and RFDpeak (Δ -18%; P ≤ .001; ES = 1.4) were observed in the POL group. In THR group, a significant increase in mean electromyographic amplitude (Δ 24.4%; P = .02; ES = 1.4) was observed. There were no significant differences between groups in any of the variables. CONCLUSIONS Similar adaptations in fat metabolism and neuromuscular performance can be achieved after 12 weeks of POL or THR intensity distribution. However, THR distribution appears to better maintain strength (RFD) and improve mean electromyographic amplitude. Nevertheless, the combination of both running and maximum strength training could influence on results because of the residual fatigue thus inducing suboptimal adaptations in the POL group.
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Andreu L, Ramos-Campo DJ, Ávila-Gandía V, Freitas TT, Chung LH, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Acute effects of whole-body vibration training on neuromuscular performance and mobility in hypoxia and normoxia in persons with multiple sclerosis: A crossover study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 37:101454. [PMID: 31670008 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-body vibration training (WBVT) has been used in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (pwMS), showing improvements in different neuromuscular and mobility variables. However, the acute effects of this training are still unknown. The acute effects of WBVT on neuromuscular performance, mobility and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were evaluated in 10 pwMS. METHODS Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), central activation ratio (CAR), electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis during isometric knee extension, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), walking speed and RPE were assessed before and immediately after a session of WBVT (twelve 60-s bout of vibration; frequency 35 Hz; amplitude 4 mm; 1-min rest intervals) in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. RESULTS EMG 0-100, 0-200 ms and peak EMG resulted in significant differences (p < 0.05) between normoxic and hypoxic sessions. The EMG activity tended to decrease in all phases after the hypoxic session, indicating possible influence of hypoxia on neuromuscular performance. No changes were found in CAR, MVIC, TUG and walking speed in both conditions. CONCLUSION Based on our results, as well as those obtained by other studies that have used WBVT with other populations, more studies with a higher sample and lower dose of vibration exposure should be conducted in pwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Andreu
- International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of San Antonio, Murcia, Spain; Sports Science Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Spain
| | | | | | - Tomás T Freitas
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University, Murcia, Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- Sports Science Faculty, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Spain; UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University, Murcia, Spain
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Chen YL, Liou GL, Hsu HH, Chen PC, Zheng ZW, Wu YH, Cheng CH, Liu CH, Chung LH. Low-Voltage Metal-Oxide Thin Film Transistors Using P-Type Tin-Oxide Semiconductors. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2019; 19:5619-5623. [PMID: 30961716 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of channel annealing and oxygen flow rate in P-type tin-monoxide (SnO) thin film transistor (TFT) was investigated to reach the process compatibility with n-type oxide-based TFT. The optimized P-type SnO TFT with a small threshold voltage of -0.1 V, a high field-effect mobility of 4 cm² V-1 s-1 and an on/off current ratio of >10² was proposed. From the experimental results, the 150 °C channel annealing revealed a metallic behavior but a semiconductor-like property at a higher 200 °C that was favorable for transistor rectification. Besides, the higher oxygen flow rate was also helpful for improving device mobility and driving current, but shows a slight increase in off-state leakage, which is unavoidable due to the increase of grain in SnO channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Chen
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - G L Liou
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - H H Hsu
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - P C Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Z W Zheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Y H Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - C H Liu
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - L H Chung
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
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Martínez-Guardado I, Ramos-Campo DJ, Olcina GJ, Rubio-Arias JA, Chung LH, Marín-Cascales E, Alcaraz PE, Timón R. Effects of high-intensity resistance circuit-based training in hypoxia on body composition and strength performance. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 19:941-951. [PMID: 30638154 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1564796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic training methods are increasingly being used by researchers in an attempt to improve performance in normoxic ambients. Moreover, previous research suggests that resistance training in hypoxia can cause physiological and muscle adaptations. The primary aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks of high-intensity resistance circuit-based (HRC) training in hypoxia on body composition and strength performance. The secondary aim was to examine the effects of HRC on metabolic parameters. Twenty-eight male participants were randomly assigned to either hypoxia (Fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2] = 15%; HRChyp: n = 15; age: 24.6 ± 6.8 years; height: 177.4 ± 5.9 cm; weight: 74.9 ± 11.5 kg) or normoxia [FIO2] = 20.9%; HRCnorm: n = 13; age: 23.2 ± 5.2 years; height: 173.4 ± 6.2 cm; weight: 69.4 ± 7.4 kg) groups. Training sessions consisted of two blocks of three exercises (Block 1: bench press, leg extension and front pull down; Block 2: deadlift, elbow flexion and ankle extension). Each exercise was performed at six repetition maximum. Rest periods lasted for 35-s between exercises, 3-min between sets and 5-min between blocks. Participants exercised twice weekly for 8 weeks, and body composition, strength and blood tests were performed before and after the training program. Lean body mass and bone mineral density significantly increased over time in the HRChyp (p < .005; ES = 0.14 and p < .014; ES = 0.19, respectively) but not in the HRCnorm after training. Both groups improved their strength performance over time (p < .001), but without group effect differences. These results indicate that simulated hypoxia during HRC exercise produced trivial effects on lean body mass and bone mineral density compared to normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domingo J Ramos-Campo
- b Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.,c UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport , Murcia , Spain
| | | | - Jacobo A Rubio-Arias
- b Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.,c UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport , Murcia , Spain
| | - Linda H Chung
- b Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.,c UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport , Murcia , Spain
| | | | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- b Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.,c UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport , Murcia , Spain
| | - Rafael Timón
- a Sport Science Faculty , University of Extremadura , Cáceres , Spain
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Marín-Cascales E, Alcaraz PE, Ramos-Campo DJ, Martinez-Rodriguez A, Chung LH, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Whole-body vibration training and bone health in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11918. [PMID: 30142802 PMCID: PMC6112924 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of the present systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate published, randomized controlled trials that investigate the effects on whole-body vibration (WBV) training on total, femoral neck, and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, and identify the potential moderating factors explaining the adaptations to such training. METHODS From a search of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane) up until September 2017, a total 10 studies with 14 WBV groups met the inclusion criteria. Three different authors tabulated, independently, the selected indices in identical predetermined forms. The methodological quality of all studies was evaluated according to the modified PEDro scale. For each trial, differences within arms were calculated as mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals between pre- and postintervention values. The effects on bone mass between exercise and control groups were also expressed as MDs. Both analyses were performed in the total sample and in a specific class of postmenopausal women younger than 65 years of age (excluding older women). RESULTS The BMD of 462 postmenopausal women who performed WBV or control protocol was evaluated. Significant pre-post improvements in BMD of the lumbar spine were identified following WBV protocols (P = .03). Significant differences in femoral neck BMD (P = .03) were also found between intervention and control groups when analyzing studies that included postmenopausal women younger than 65 years. CONCLUSIONS WBV is an effective method to improve lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal and older women and to enhance femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women younger than 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | - Domingo J. Ramos-Campo
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | | | - Linda H. Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | - Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
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Minh HV, Mai VQ, Nhung NV, Hoi LV, Giang KB, Chung LH, Kien VD, Duyen NT, Ngoc NB, Anh TT, Phuong TB, Ngan TT, Khanh PH. Costs of providing tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment services in Viet Nam. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:1035-1040. [PMID: 28826454 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost of providing tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment packages at different levels of health facilities in Viet Nam. DESIGN This was a retrospective costing study from the providers' perspective using a standard costing approach. We included typical services for TB diagnosis and treatment based on standard protocols. RESULTS The least expensive TB service was the 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy regimen for latent tuberculous infection provided by district health centres (US$7.20-14.30, accounting for 0.3-0.7% of Viet Nam's per capita gross domestic product [GDP] of US$2052.30 in 2014). The cost of diagnosing and treating a patient with drug-susceptible TB (the most common type of TB) ranged between US$51.20 and US$180.70, and represented 2.5-8.8% of Viet Nam's per capita GDP in 2014. The most expensive TB service was the diagnosis and treatment of a multidrug-resistant TB case (US$1568.20-2391.20), accounting for 76.4-116.5% of Viet Nam's per capita GDP in 2014). CONCLUSION The cost of TB diagnosis and treatment services in Viet Nam varied according to level of health facility, type of TB, different costing options, and different staff cost scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Minh
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - V Q Mai
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - N V Nhung
- National Lung Disease Hospital, Hanoi
| | - L V Hoi
- National Lung Disease Hospital, Hanoi
| | | | - L H Chung
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - V D Kien
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - N T Duyen
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - N B Ngoc
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - T T Anh
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - T B Phuong
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - T T Ngan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi
| | - P H Khanh
- World Health Organization Viet Nam, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Romain C, Freitas TT, Martínez-Noguera FJ, Laurent C, Gaillet S, Chung LH, Alcaraz PE, Cases J. Supplementation with a Polyphenol-Rich Extract, TensLess ® , Attenuates Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Improves Muscle Recovery from Damages After Eccentric Exercise. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1739-1746. [PMID: 28856749 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity exercises are known to provoke delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Delayed onset muscle soreness typically occurs within the first 24 h, peaks between 24 and 72 h, and can last as long as 5-7 days post-exercise. Delayed onset muscle soreness is a multifactorial process involving both mechanical and biochemical components, associated with clinical features that may limit range of motion, and athletes seek for effective recovery strategies to optimize future training sessions. TensLess® is a food supplement developed to help manage post-exercise recovery. The supplement has been investigated on 13 recreationally active athletes of both sex, during a randomized, double-blind, and crossover clinical investigation, including a 3-week washout period. The clinical investigation was based on the study of TensLess® effects for DOMS management and on the reduction of associated muscle damages following an eccentric exercise protocol. Supplementation with TensLess® induced significant decrease in DOMS perception (-33%; p = 0.008) as of the first 24 h; this was significantly correlated with a lowered release of muscle damage-associated biomarkers, namely myoglobin, creatinine, and creatine kinase, for the whole length of the recovery period. Taken together, these positive results clearly indicate that post-exercise supplementation with TensLess® may preserve myocytes and reduce soreness following eccentric exercise-induced damages, and, accordingly, significantly shorten muscle recovery. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Romain
- Innovation and Scientific Affairs, Fytexia, 34350, Vendres, France
| | - Tomás T Freitas
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Caroline Laurent
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Gaillet
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Linda H Chung
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Julien Cases
- Innovation and Scientific Affairs, Fytexia, 34350, Vendres, France
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Cases J, Romain C, Marín-Pagán C, Chung LH, Rubio-Pérez JM, Laurent C, Gaillet S, Prost-Camus E, Prost M, Alcaraz PE. Supplementation with a Polyphenol-Rich Extract, PerfLoad ®, Improves Physical Performance during High-Intensity Exercise: A Randomized, Double Blind, Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040421. [PMID: 28441760 PMCID: PMC5409760 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Workout capacity is energy-production driven. To produce peak metabolic power outputs, the organism predominantly relies more on anaerobic metabolism, but this undoubtedly has a negative and limiting impact on muscle function and performance. The aim of the study was to evaluate if an innovative polyphenol-based food supplement, PerfLoad®, was able to improve metabolic homeostasis and physical performance during high-intensity exercises under anaerobic conditions. The effect of a supplementation has been investigated on fifteen recreationally-active male athletes during a randomized, double-blind and crossover clinical investigation. The Wingate test, an inducer of an unbalanced metabolism associated to oxidative stress, was used to assess maximum anaerobic power during a high-intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer. Supplementation with PerfLoad® correlated with a significant increase in total power output (5%), maximal peak power output (3.7%), and average power developed (5%), without inducing more fatigue or greater heart rate. Instead, oxidative homeostasis was stabilized in supplemented subjects. Such results demonstrated that PerfLoad® is a natural and efficient solution capable of, similarly to training benefits, helping athletes to improve their physical performance, while balancing their metabolism and reducing exercise-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cases
- Fytexia, Innovation and Scientific Affairs, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Cindy Romain
- Fytexia, Innovation and Scientific Affairs, 34350 Vendres, France.
| | - Cristian Marín-Pagán
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Linda H Chung
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - José Miguel Rubio-Pérez
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Caroline Laurent
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvie Gaillet
- UMR 204 Nutripass, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- Research Center in High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
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Chung LH, Angelo J, van Emmerik REA, Kent JA. Energy cost of walking, symptomatic fatigue and perceived exertion in persons with multiple sclerosis. Gait Posture 2016; 48:215-219. [PMID: 27318306 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A higher energy cost of walking (Cw) is sometimes observed in MS, and could contribute to fatigue. The purpose of this study was to compare Cw at three speeds in MS and controls, and determine the effects of walking speed on fatigue and perceived exertion. We hypothesized that MS would have higher Cw, fatigue and exertion during walking than controls. Ten persons with MS and 14 controls of similar age and physical activity levels were studied. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was obtained at rest and during treadmill walking at 0.6 and 1.4ms(-1), and preferred speed. Cw was calculated as net VO2:velocity. Fatigue and exertion were assessed using the visual analog fatigue and modified Borg scales, respectively. Preferred treadmill speed was not different between groups. Cw was higher in MS than controls across walking speeds (p=0.003), with a group-by-speed interaction indicating higher Cw in MS at 0.6ms(-1) (p=0.001), but not at preferred speed or 1.4ms(-1). MS reported greater fatigue (p=0.001) and exertion (p=0.004) at all speeds. Despite similar preferred speeds, and Cw at preferred and fast speeds, MS exhibited higher fatigue and exertion at all walking speeds. These results suggest that increased energy demands in MS are most notable at low speeds such as those used in everyday activities, which may contribute to fatigue over the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda H Chung
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jillian Angelo
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - Jane A Kent
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Van Emmerik REA, Remelius JG, Johnson MB, Chung LH, Kent-Braun JA. Postural control in women with multiple sclerosis: effects of task, vision and symptomatic fatigue. Gait Posture 2010; 32:608-14. [PMID: 20943393 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report problems with balance, which may be most apparent during challenging postural tasks such as leaning or reaching, and when relying on non-visual sensory systems. An additional obstacle facing people with MS is a high incidence of symptomatic fatigue (>70%). The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in balance during upright stance in individuals with mild-to-moderate disability due to MS under normal and restricted vision and different levels of self-reported fatigue. Limb loading asymmetry, sway and magnitude of postural shift in center of pressure, and time-to-contact the stability boundary of the center of mass and center of pressure were assessed during quiet standing and maximal lean and reach tasks. Compared to controls, people with MS displayed greater postural sway, greater loading asymmetry, and shorter time-to-contact during quiet standing. In the postural perturbation tasks the MS group had smaller postural shifts and reduced stability compared to controls in the direction perpendicular to the lean and reach. Limiting vision increased loading asymmetry during quiet standing and postural instability during backward lean in the MS group. Inducing additional fatigue in the MS group did affect postural control in the more challenging balance conditions but had no impact during quiet upright standing. The results of this study indicate subtle changes in postural control during standing in people with mild-to-moderate impairments due to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E A Van Emmerik
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Chung LH, Foulis SA, Van Emmerik REA, Kamen G, Kent-Braun JA. Power Deficits and Lower Motor Unit Discharge Rates in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000386550.82071.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED The extent of and the interactions between muscle strength, walking speed, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not known, nor are the effects of bilateral strength asymmetries on these variables. PURPOSE To quantify the magnitude of and the associations between bilateral strength and limb-loading asymmetries, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in women with MS. METHODS Peak knee extensor (KE) and dorsiflexor (DF) isometric torque and isotonic power were assessed bilaterally in 12 women with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale = 4 +/- 1) and 12 age-matched female controls using a Biodex dynamometer (Biodex Medical, Shirley, NY). Center of pressure (CoP) variability during 20 s of quiet stance was measured in the anteroposterior (AP) and the mediolateral (ML) directions using adjacent force plates. Bilateral asymmetry scores were calculated for power and torque. Normal and brisk walk times (25 ft) and symptomatic fatigue (Visual Analog Fatigue Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale) were measured before strength and balance testing. RESULTS Fatigue was greater and walk times (normal and brisk) were longer in MS (P < or = 0.01). Dorsiflexor (DF) isometric torque and power and knee extensor (KE) isometric strength were similar between groups. KE power was lower (mean +/- SD = 21.5 +/- 16.2%; P < or = 0.05) and KE power asymmetry was greater in MS than in controls (9.2 +/- 6.9%; P = 0.02). Postural variability of the CoP was greater in the AP direction in MS than in controls (7.52 +/- 3.02 and 4.33 +/- 1.79 mm, respectively; P = 0.005). KE power asymmetry was associated with fatigue and walk times (P < or = 0.02), and AP CoP variability was correlated with fatigue, walk times, and power asymmetries (P < or = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data provide new evidence of a potential role for KE strength asymmetries in the symptomatic fatigue and physical dysfunction of persons with MS, possibly through an effect on postural stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda H Chung
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Abstract
During voluntary contractions, the skeletal muscle of healthy older adults often fatigues less than that of young adults, a result that has been explained by relatively greater reliance on muscle oxidative metabolism in the elderly. Our aim was to investigate whether this age-related fatigue resistance was eliminated when oxidative metabolism was minimized via ischemia induced by cuff (220 mmHg). We hypothesized that 1) older men (n = 12) would fatigue less than young men (n = 12) during free-flow (FF) contractions; 2) both groups would fatigue similarly during ischemia; and 3) reperfusion would reestablish the fatigue resistance of the old. Subjects performed 6 min of intermittent, maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the ankle dorsiflexors under FF and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) conditions. Ischemia was maintained for the first 3 min of contractions, followed by rapid cuff deflation and reperfusion for 3 additional minutes of contractions. Central activation, peripheral activation, and muscle contractile properties were measured at 3 and 6 min of contractions. Older men fatigued less than young men during FF (P </= 0.02), ischemia (P < 0.001), and reperfusion (P < 0.001). During FF, activation and contractile properties changed similarly across age groups. At the end of ischemia, central (P = 0.02) and peripheral (P </= 0.03) activation declined more in the young, with no effect of age on the changes in contractile properties. Thus age-related fatigue resistance was evident during FF and IR, indicating that differences in blood flow and oxidative metabolism do not explain the fatigue resistance of old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda H Chung
- Dept. of Kinesiology, Univ. of Massachusetts, 108 Totman Bldg., 30 Eastman Lane, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Yip YB, Sit JWH, Fung KKY, Wong DYS, Chong SYC, Chung LH, Ng TP. Effects of a self-management arthritis programme with an added exercise component for osteoarthritic knee: randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 2007; 59:20-8. [PMID: 17559610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04292.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This paper is a report of a study to assess the effect of an adapted arthritis self-management programme with an added focus on exercise practice among osteoarthritic knee sufferers. BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis of the knee is a major source of loss of function in older people. Previous studies have found self-management programmes to be effective in increasing arthritis self-efficacy and in mastery of self-management practice. METHOD A randomized control trial was carried out from December 2002 to May 2003 and 120 participants (65.9%, including 67 in intervention group and 53 in control group) completed the 16-week postintervention assessments. Outcome measures included arthritis self-efficacy, use of self-management techniques, pain intensity and daily activity. FINDINGS At 16 weeks, there was a 'statistically' significant improvement in the arthritis self-efficacy level (P <or= 0.001), in most of the self-management skills, i.e. use of cold and hot compresses, in two of three joint protective practices (P <or= 0.001; P = 0.01), an increase in the duration of light exercise practice (P <or= 0.001), reduction of current arthritis pain (P <or= 0.001) and in the ability to perform daily activities (P <or= 0.001) among the intervention group but not for the control group (P-range from 0.04 to 0.95). One joint protective practice showed a statistically significant increase in both groups (P <or= 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings add to evidence showing short-term beneficial effects of self-efficacy theory in education programmes. Self-efficacy theory has great potential for empowering sufferers of chronic conditions to live with their illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Yip
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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Foulis SA, Chung LH, Kent-Braun JA. Muscle and Fat Content in Four Lower Leg Muscles of Young and Old Humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000273851.71438.b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wigmore DM, Chung LH, Tevald M, Buonaccorsi J, Kent-Braun JA. Role of Cellular Oxygen in Age-related Differences in Muscle Fatigue During Incremental Contractions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000273322.98296.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Milam MR, Soliman PT, Chung LH, Schmeler KM, Bassett RL, Broaddus RR, Lu KH. Loss of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 and phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin are associated with progesterone refractory endometrial hyperplasia. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 18:146-51. [PMID: 17466036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.00958.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to evaluate the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), p27, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressions in women with progesterone-responsive and refractory endometrial hyperplasia (EH) samples and to determine if these markers could be associated with response or used as potential targets for treatment. Thirty-eight matched pre- and posttreatment pairs of paraffin-embedded endometrial biopsies were obtained from patients with EH. Immunohistochemical analysis for PTEN, p27, and phospho-mTOR were performed on all samples. Median age at diagnosis was 49 years (20-79 years). Median treatment interval was 3 months (1-12 months). Sixteen patients (42.1%) had complete resolution of their hyperplasia (responders), and 22 (57.9%) had persistent hyperplasia (nonresponders) after treatment with progesterone. In the pretreatment samples, no markers were found to predict nonresponders. In posttreatment samples, loss of PTEN expression with phospho-mTOR expression was observed in more nonresponders than responders (40.9% vs 6.3%; P= 0.03). Phospho-mTOR overexpression was found in 63.6% of nonresponders. We found that persistent hyperplasia refractory to progesterone therapy was associated both with the loss of PTEN and with the loss of phosphorylation of mTOR. In select cases of non-responsive progesterone refractory EH, a rational target for treatment may involve the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Milam
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Yip YB, Sit JW, Fung KKY, Wong DYS, Chong SYC, Chung LH, Ng TP. Impact of an Arthritis Self-Management Programme with an added exercise component for osteoarthritic knee sufferers on improving pain, functional outcomes, and use of health care services: An experimental study. Patient Educ Couns 2007; 65:113-21. [PMID: 17010554 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2006.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2005] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an adopted Arthritis Self-Management Programme (ASMP) with an added exercise component among osteoarthritic knee sufferers in Hong Kong. METHODS An experimental study with 88 participants assigned to an intervention group and 94 participants to a control group. One hundred and forty-nine participants (81.9%) completed the 1 week and 120 participants (65.6%) the 16 week post-intervention assessments. Participants in the intervention group received a 6-week ASMP with an added exercise component. Outcome measures included arthritic pain and fatigue rating, practice of light exercise routines, functional status, and number of unplanned arthritis-related medical consultations. To assess the programme's effect on outcome measures, the between-groups and within-group mean changes were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test and Friedman test. RESULTS At 16 weeks, there were significant mean changes between groups in four outcome measures: reduction in arthritis pain (p=0.0001) and fatigue (p=0.008), and increased duration of weekly light exercise practice (p=0.0001) and knee flexion (p=0.004). The ability to perform daily activities and the number of unplanned arthritis-related medical consultations show statistically significant improvements between three time-points within the intervention group only (p=0.0001 and p=0.005, respectively), but not between-groups (p=0.14 and p=0.86, respectively). Both groups apparently had no changes in muscle strength. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the intervention had a positive effect in reducing pain, fatigue, knee range of motion, the practice of exercise routines, the number of medical consultations and in improving functional status and over a 16-week period. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The self-management programme we applied took into account the local context and the ethnicity of the group. This process is worth further exploration and testing in different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Yip
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Remelius JG, Chung LH, Johnson MB, Smith B, Baquis G, Kent-Braun JA, Van Emmerik REA. Postural Control In Women With Multiple Sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200505001-01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chung LH, Remelius JG, Johnson MB, Smith B, Baquis G, Van Emmerik RE, Kent-Braun JA. Muscle Strength Asymmetry In Women With Multiple Sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200505001-01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is known to induce histamine release in human skin and to include a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation in several other vascular beds. However, the relative contribution of histamine and NO to VIP-mediated vasodilation in human skin is unknown. Forty-three subjects volunteered to participate in two studies designed to examine the mechanism of VIP-mediated vasodilation in human skin. Study 1 examined the contribution of NO in the skin blood flow response to eight doses of VIP ranging from 25 to 800 pmol. In addition, study 1 examined a specific role for NO in VIP-mediated dilation. Study 2 examined the relative contribution of NO and histamine to VIP-mediated dilation via H1 and H2 histamine receptors. Infusions were administered to skin sites via intradermal microdialysis. Red blood cell flux was measured by using laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF), and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; LDF/mean arterial pressure) was calculated and normalized to maximal vasodilation. VIP-mediated vasodilation includes a NO-dependent component at doses above 100 pmol, where NO synthase inhibition significantly attenuates CVC (P < 0.05). Inhibition of H1 receptors attenuates the rise in CVC to exogenous VIP (P < 0.05); however, combined H1-receptor inhibition and NO synthase inhibition further reduced VIP-mediated vasodilation compared with either H1 inhibition or NO synthase inhibition alone (P < 0.05). In contrast to H1-receptor inhibition, H2-receptor inhibition did not affect vasodilation to exogenous VIP. Thus, in human skin, VIP-mediated vasodilation includes a NO-dependent component that could not be explained by H1- and H2-receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad W Wilkins
- Department of Human Physiology , University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
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39
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Abstract
The authors report a case of an angiographically occult arteriovenous malformation (AVM) that showed a marked increase in size over a period of 7 years. The importance of accurate diagnosis, follow-up computed tomography and repeated angiography, if needed, is stressed in cases where enlargement of an occult AVM is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
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40
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Abstract
Ethyl-(14)C-acetoacetate was used to trace oxidation and metabolism of acetoacetate when rats were fed a high fat diet (80% of total calories from beef tallow or corn oil, carbohydrate free), a high carbohydrate diet (2% corn oil) or a high carbohydrate diet with restriction of calories to one half of ad lib. consumption for two weeks. The rate of expiration of(14)CO(2) in all groups of animals did not differ significantly and was not related to plasma concentration of acetoacetate. The high fat diets slightly enhanced the oxidation of acetoacetate to(14)CO(2) over a 3 hr period compared to other diets. Incorporation of acetoacetate into fatty acids did not differ significantly among groups. Rats fed the high carbohydrate diet ad lib. incorporated into liver cholesterol more acetoacetate than did any other group, but dietary unsaturated fat resulted in greater incorporation of acetoacetate into cholesterol than saturated fat. High calorie and high beef tallow groups were ketonemic but the low concentration of plasma acetoacetate in rats fed a high corn oil diet indicates that unsaturated fatty acids are not ketogenic. The data show that utilization of acetoacetate is not significantly reduced in a ketonemic condition and support the premise that overproduction of ketone bodies is the cause of ketonemia. Rats appeared to be normal during the two-week period when no carbohydrate was included in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Chung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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