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Gao YF, Kong LY, Ma LY, Yu WY, Liu F, Sun H, Zhao CY. [A case of Castleman's disease misdiagnosed as cirrhosis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:158-160. [PMID: 38514266 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231107-00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Y F Gao
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - L Y Kong
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - L Y Ma
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - W Y Yu
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - H Sun
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - C Y Zhao
- Department of Infection, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Cheng YF, Zhang CL, Liu Y, Ou JP, Chen L, Cai GF, Yang Z, Ye TM, Wang J, Xie JK, Xiong P, Zhang XY, Li M, Xu WB, Wang XQ, Kong LY, Liang B, Wang XH, Wang YQ, Yao YQ. Effect of noninvasive embryo viability testing versus conventional IVF on the live birth rate in IVF/ICSI patients: a study protocol for a double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:641. [PMID: 37674133 PMCID: PMC10483849 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was demonstrated to be superior to conventional IVF in reducing the incidence of miscarriage and abnormal offspring after the first embryo transfer (ET). PGT-A requires several embryo trophectoderm cells, but its negative impacts on embryo development and long-term influence on the health conditions of conceived children have always been a concern. As an alternative, noninvasive PGT-A (niPGT-A) approaches using spent blastocyst culture medium (SBCM) achieved comparable accuracy with PGT-A in several pilot studies. The main objective of this study is to determine whether noninvasive embryo viability testing (niEVT) results in better clinical outcomes than conventional IVF after the first embryo transfer. Furthermore, we further investigated whether niEVT results in higher the live birth rate between women with advanced maternal age (AMA, > 35 years old) and young women or among patients for whom different fertilization protocols are adopted. METHODS This study will be a double-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) studying patients of different ages (20-43 years) undergoing different fertilization protocols (in vitro fertilization [IVF] or intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI]). We will enroll 1140 patients at eight reproductive medical centers over 24 months. Eligible patients should have at least two good-quality blastocysts (better than grade 4 CB). The primary outcome will be the live birth rate of the first embryo transfer (ET). Secondary outcomes will include the clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, cumulative live birth rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, and time to pregnancy. DISCUSSION In this study, patients who undergo noninvasive embryo viability testing (niEVT) will be compared to women treated by conventional IVF. We will determine the effects on the pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and live birth rate and adverse events. We will also investigate whether there is any difference in clinical outcomes among patients with different ages and fertilization protocols (IVF/ICSI). This trial will provide clinical evidence of the effect of noninvasive embryo viability testing on the clinical outcomes of the first embryo transfer. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) Identifier: ChiCTR2100051408. 9 September 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1 Haiyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Cui-Lian Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, 350009, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Ping Ou
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Gui-Feng Cai
- Reproductive Medical Center, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, 519001, Guangdong, China
| | - Zu Yang
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian-Min Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1 Haiyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Rd., Baqiao District, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan-Ke Xie
- Reproductive Medical Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Ping Xiong
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, 350009, Fujian, China
| | - Xi-Ya Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei-Biao Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, 519001, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Wang
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling-Yin Kong
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215506, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 569 Xinsi Rd., Baqiao District, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yue-Qiang Wang
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan-Qing Yao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Reproductive Medicine Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1 Haiyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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You ZJ, Kong LY, Wang C, Chen X, Chen XB, Yu X. [Histiocyte-rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor: a clinicopathological and molecular genetic analysis]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:425-430. [PMID: 35511638 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20210829-00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular genetic characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of histiocyte-rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor (HRRMT). Methods: The clinical data of two cases of HRRMT diagnosed in Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated People's Hospital from 2020 to 2021 were collected. Histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used to assess morphological changes; the genetic changes were analyzed with next-generation sequencing. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Both cases showed well-defined solid nodules and soft masses. Microscopically, the tumors had a fibrous pseudocapsule with lymphocytic aggregation, and locally invaded the surrounding skeletal muscle tissue, and the tumor cells were fusiform to epithelioid with an intensive foamy histiocytic infiltrate. No necrosis or mitosis was observed. Immunophenotyping showed the tumor cells were positive for desmin, either one or both skeletal muscle markers (myogenin or MyoD1), and negative for h-caldesmon, ALK and SMA. The Ki-67 index was<5%. Using next-generation sequencing, one case was found to harbour KRAS (G12D) and MSH3 (Q470*) mutations. Conclusions: HRRMT is a newly described skeletal muscle tumor with uncertain malignant potential. Its diagnosis and differential diagnosis depend on morphologic and IHC staining. No specific molecular genetics changes have been identified so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J You
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou 350028, China
| | - L Y Kong
- Department of Pathology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated People's Hospital, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - X B Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xunbin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Hai D, Kong LY, Lu ZX, Huang XQ, Bie XM. Inhibitory effect of different chicken-derived lactic acid bacteria isolates on drug resistant Salmonella SE47 isolated from eggs. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:54-63. [PMID: 33765334 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) regulate and maintain the stability of healthy microbial flora, inhibit the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria and promote the colonization of beneficial micro-organisms. The drug resistance and pathogenicity of Salmonella enteritis SE47 isolated from retail eggs were investigated. Meanwhile, Enterococcus faecalis L76 and Lactobacillus salivarius LAB35 were isolated from intestine of chicken. With SE47 as indicator bacteria, the diameters of L76 and LAB35 inhibition zones were 12 mm and 8·5 mm, respectively, by agar inhibition circle method, which indicated that both of them had inhibitory effect on Salmonella, and L76 had better antibacterial effect; two chicken-derived lactic acid bacteria isolates and Salmonella SE47 were incubated with Caco-2. The adhesion index of L76 was 17·5%, which was much higher than that of LAB35 (10·21%) and SE47 (4·89%), this experiment shows that the higher the bacteriostatic effect of potential probiotics, the stronger the adhesion ability; then Caco-2 cells were incubated with different bacteria, and the survival of Caco-2 cells was observed by flow cytometry. Compared with Salmonella SE47, the results showed that lactic acid bacteria isolates could effectively protect Caco-2 cells; finally, after different bacteria incubated Caco-2 cells, according to the cytokine detection kit, the RNA of Caco-2 cells was extracted and transcribed into cDNA, then detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, the results showed that L76 could protect Caco-2 cells from the invasion of Salmonella SE47, with less cell membrane rupture and lower expression of MIF and TNF genes. Therefore, the lactic acid bacteria isolates can effectively inhibit the adhesion of Salmonella and protect the integrity of intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - L Y Kong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z X Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - X Q Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - X M Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Kong LY, Huang YY, Lei BY, Ke PF, Li HH, Zhou J, Xiong DS, Li GX, Chen J, Li XB, Xiang ZM, Ning YP, Wu FC, Wu K. Divergent Alterations of Structural-Functional Connectivity Couplings in First-episode and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients. Neuroscience 2021; 460:1-12. [PMID: 33588002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the coupling relating the structural connectivity (SC) of the brain to its functional connectivity (FC) exhibits remarkable changes during development, normal aging, and diseases. Although altered structural-functional connectivity couplings (SC-FC couplings) have been previously reported in schizophrenia patients, the alterations in SC-FC couplings of different illness stages of schizophrenia (SZ) remain largely unknown. In this study, we collected structural and resting-state functional MRI data from 73 normal controls (NCs), 61 first-episode (FeSZ) and 78 chronic (CSZ) schizophrenia patients. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) scores were assessed for all patients. Structural and functional brain networks were constructed using gray matter volume (GMV) and resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) time series measurements. At the connectivity level, the CSZ patients showed significantly increased SC-FC coupling strength compared with the FeSZ patients. At the node strength level, significant decreased SC-FC coupling strength was observed in the FeSZ patients compared to that of the NCs, and the coupling strength was positively correlated with negative PANSS scores. These results demonstrated divergent alterations of SC-FC couplings in FeSZ and CSZ patients. Our findings provide new insight into the neuropathological mechanisms underlying the developmental course of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Huang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Bing-Ye Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng-Fei Ke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - He-Hua Li
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou 510500, China; National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou 510500, China; National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Zhi-Ming Xiang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou 510500, China; Department of Radiology, Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yu-Ping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China
| | - Feng-Chun Wu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China.
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou 510370, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Dementia, Guangzhou 510500, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510500, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Li C, Zhou F, Tan J, Mao Y, Kong LY, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liang B, Li-Ling J, Liu C, Lyu Y. Application of single-sperm sequencing in a male with Marfan syndrome: a case report and a literature review. J Genet 2021; 100:22. [PMID: 34057151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is caused by a FBN1 mutation. Many organ systems are affected in patients with MFS, including the skeletal, ocular, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Cardiovascular manifestations are the main cause of mortality in patients with MFS. The mode of inheritance of MFS is autosomal dominant inheritance and the offspring are at great risk for the disease. Thus, the genetic testing for monogenic disease during preimplantation (PGT-M) is routinely advised for patients with MFS. PGT-M is a clinical genetic method to obtain normal embryos which are not affected by the monogenetic disorder. However, allele drop out (ADO) typically results in misdiagnosis during the PGT-M in the autosomal dominant disorder. Thus, a linkage analysis of polymorphic sites is used to identify ADO and improve the accuracy of PGT-M. However, when there are no family members affected, or the patients carry a de novo mutation, a linkage analysis cannot be performed to position the abnormal chromatid. Here, we performed single-sperm sequencing of preimplantation genetic testing in a male patient with MFS with a de novo mutation in FBN1. We constructed the chromosomal haplotype of the male patient by analysing information at the mutation site and at polymorphic sites. Next, the normal embryos were selected based on the results of high-throughput sequencing and haplotyping, and the one frozen embryo was transferred to the uterus. Finally, the preimplantation genetic testing results were confirmed by the prenatal genetic diagnosis during pregnancy, which showed that the foetus did not carry the pathogenic mutation. In conclusion, our research showed that single-sperm sequencing and haplotype analysis can be used in male patients with monogenetic disorders caused by de novo mutations to improve the accuracy of the preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Xia CL, Lyu Y, Li C, Li H, Zhang ZT, Yin SW, Mao Y, Li W, Kong LY, Liang B, Jiang HK, Li-Ling J, Liu CX, Wei J. Rare De Novo IGF2 Variant on the Paternal Allele in a Patient With Silver-Russell Syndrome. Front Genet 2019; 10:1161. [PMID: 31803239 PMCID: PMC6872539 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare, well-recognized disorder characterized by growth restriction, including intrauterine and postnatal growth. Most SRS cases are caused by hypomethylation of the paternal imprinting center 1 (IC1) in chromosome 11p15.5 and maternal uniparental disomy in chromosome 7 (UPD7). Here, we report on a Chinese family with a 4 year old male proband presenting with low birth weight, growth retardation, short stature, a narrow chin, delayed bone age, and speech delays, as a result of a rare molecular etiology. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted, and a novel de novo IGF2 splicing variant, NM_000612.4: c.157+5G > A, was identified on the paternal allele. In vitro functional analysis by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing revealed that the variant leads to an aberrant RNA transcript lacking exon 2. Our results further confirm the IGF2 variant mediates SRS and expand the pathogenic variant and phenotypic spectrum of IGF2-mediated SRS. The results indicate that, beyond DNA methylation and UPD7 and CDKN1C variant tests, IGF2 gene screening should also be considered for SRS molecular diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ling Xia
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shao-Wei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | | | - Bo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Kun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Jinxin Research Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jinjiang Maternal and Children's Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai-Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Research Center of China Medical University Birth Cohort, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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8
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Yin S, Gong L, Qiu H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liu C, Jiang H, Mao Y, Kong LY, Liang B, Lv Y. Novel compound heterozygous COG5 mutations in a Chinese male patient with severe clinical symptoms and type IIi congenital disorder of glycosylation: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2695-2700. [PMID: 31572517 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, one case of COG5-CDG involving a Chinese male patient with severe neurological symptoms, who had previously been misdiagnosed with congenital gyrus malformation, is described. A clinical investigation was performed and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify COG5 variants in the patient and his family. PCR and Sanger sequencing were performed for the verification of NGS results. The patient showed severe central and peripheral neurological symptoms, while only mild symptoms were reported in a previous reported case, in which different mutations were involved. The reported patient carried the frameshift mutation c.330delT (p.V111Lfs*22), and a missense mutation c.2324 C>T (p.P775L) in the COG5 gene. The c.330delT (p.V111Lfs*22) variant is a novel mutation, while c.2324 C>T (p.P775L) has previously been reported. Inheriting one variant from each of his parents, the current case report furthers the understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations in COG5-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Yin
- Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Liying Gong
- Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Genetics Unit, Shenyang Maternity and Infant's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Outpatient Department of Obstetrics, Shenyang Maternity and Infant's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Hongkun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Mao
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yin Kong
- Basecare Medical Device Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Liaoning Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Li YP, Gao L, Shi HT, Feng SD, Tian XY, Kong LY, Zhang YZ. [Piperine inhibits the transformation of endothelial cells into fibroblasts]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2019; 47:554-560. [PMID: 31365997 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of piperine on the transformation of endothelial cells into fibroblasts. Methods: Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs, 4-6 passage) were used for the main experiments. The transformation models of endothelial cells into fibroblasts were induced by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) stimulation. HUVECs were divided into 6 groups: control group, TGF-β group and 4 groups treated with various concentrations of piperine (1, 5, 10, 20 μmol/L). CKK-8 was used to detect cell proliferation. The CD31/α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression level was detected by fluorescent staining. The vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin)/vimentin expression was detected by immunofluorescence staining. RT-PCR was used detect the mRNA expressions of transformation markers. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of snail and twist. Results: TGF-β increased HUVECs proliferation (P<0.05), which could be significantly inhibited by 10 and 20 μmol/L of piperine, but not by 1 and 5 μmol/L of piperine. Immunofluorescence results demonstrated that TGF-β increased HUVECs transformation to fibroblasts as shown by downregulated expression of endothelial markers CD31, VE-cadherin, and upregulated expression of α-SMA and vimentin, again, these effects could be attenuated by 10 and 20 μmol/L piperine. The expression levels of collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ were significantly higher in TGF-β group than in control group (P<0.05), significantly lower in TGF-β+10 μmol/L piperine group and TGF-β+20 μmol/L piperine group than in TGF-β group (P<0.05).In addition, RT-PCR results showed that TGF-β increased mRNA expression of transformation markers (snail1, snail2, twist1, twist2), while 10 and 20 μmol/L of piperine could significantly downregulated the mRNA expressions of these markers. The protein expression levels of snail and twist were significantly higher in TGF-β group than in control group (both P<0.05), which was significantly lower in TGF-β+20 μmol/L piperine group than in TGF-β group (both P<0.05). Conclusions: Piperine can inhibit the transformation of endothelial cells into fibroblasts. This effect might be viewed as one of the potential mechanisms of reduced myocardial fibrosis post piperine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Zhang J, Qi XL, Li J, Kong LY, Wang YN, Liu MN, Shi WY, Gao H. [Therapeutic effect of rigid permeable contact lenses on irregular astigmatism after keratoplasty]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2019; 55:413-418. [PMID: 31189270 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of rigid permeable contact lenses (RGPCL) in the correction of irregular astigmatism after keratoplasty. Methods: Retrospective case study. From June 2012 to December 2016, 31 patients (37 eyes) who underwent corneal transplantation were tested and fitted with RGPCL. The patients' data of primary disease, interval from keratoplasty to contact lens fitting, uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, best RGPCL-corrected visual acuity, contrast visual acuity before and after RGPCL wear, corneal topography and corneal endothelium parameters before and after RGPCL wear were collected, including ocular complications and comfort of contact lenses. Results: Among the 31 patients, 24 were male and 7 were female, with age of (31.3±5.8) years. The mean interval between grafting and initial contact lens fitting was (4.6±2.3) years. Uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and best RGPCL-corrected visual acuity were 0.81±0.21, 0.54±0.13, and 0.10±0.07, respectively (t=7.170, 16.617, 17.866; all P<0.05). The average astigmatism was -5.76±2.23 D and -0.83±0.47 D before and after wearing RGPCL (t=8.531, P<0.05). After wearing RGPCL, the contrast visual acuity of 100%, 25%, 10%, and 5% was increased from 0.95±0.33, 1.18±0.21, 1.40±0.00, and 1.40±0.00 to 0.12±0.15, 0.37±0.17, 0.65±0.25, and 0.96±0.29, respectively (t=5.972, 8.473, 9.243, 5.104; all P<0. 05). There were no obvious changes of corneal endothelium parameters during the observation period. No obvious corneal allograft rejection or other complications occurred, and 94.6% (35/37) of the patients felt comfortable with wearing RGPCL. Conclusions: RGPCL wear is safe and effective in correcting irregular astigmatism after corneal transplantation. We can obtain good corrected vision and improve contrast visual acuity, especially for patients who can not wear spectacles. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2019, 55: 413-418).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Shandong Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250021, China
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the key genes and pathways associated with thyroid carcinoma. Based on the microarray data of GSE27155, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between four types of thyroid carcinoma samples (papillary carcinoma (PTC), oncocytic carcinoma (OTC), follicular carcinoma (FTC) and anaplastic carcinoma (ATC)) and normal controls. With the obtained DEGs, we performed gene functional interaction (FI) network analysis. Then we conducted Venn diagram analysis to identify the intersection and specific DEGs of the four types of thyroid carcinomas. The intersections DEGs were performed by functional enrichment and transcription factor (TF) prediction analyses. These specific DEGs were performed by pathway enrichment analysis. There were respectively 323, 318, 118 and 1005 DEGs identified in PTC, OTC, FTC and ATC. Twelve sub-network modules were extracted based on gene FI network analysis and eight thyroid carcinoma-associated DEGs were involved in the network, such as TIMP1. Based on the Venn diagram analysis, 27 common DEGs were identified, such as HMGB3 which was regulated by TF of NKX3-1. There were 149 PTC-specific DEGs (like CLDN1), 160 OTC-specific DEGs, 94 FTC-specific DEGs (like PPARG), and 789 ATC-specific DEGs (like CDK1). They were enriched in some pathways, such as Cell cycle, Citrate cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation. TIMP1, HMGB3, CLDN1, CDK1 and PPARG as well as pathways of Cell cycle, Citrate cycle, and Oxidative phosphorylation may play important roles in the progression of thyroid carcinoma.
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Gong Q, Kong LY, Niu MF, Qin CL, Yang Y, Li X, Ruan MD, Tian Y, Li ZL. Construction of a ptfA chitosan nanoparticle DNA vaccine against Pasteurella multocida and the immune response in chickens. Vet J 2017; 231:1-7. [PMID: 29429481 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chitosanon the immune response induced by a DNA vaccine based on the ptfA gene of avian Pasteurella multocida. Naked DNA vaccine was packed with chitosanmolecules, resulting in a chitosannanoparticle DNA vaccine. The encapsulation efficiency, shape, size and resistance to DNA degradation were determined. The vaccine was administered to chickens and serum antibody, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) concentrations were determined and lymphocyte proliferation assays were performed. After challenge with virulent avian P. multocida, protective efficacy was evaluated. The encapsulation efficiency of the chitosan nanoparticle DNA vaccine was 95.3%. The particle size was approximately 200nm and close to spherical in shape and it could effectively resist degradation by DNases. Following vaccination, serum antibodies, stimulation index (SI) value and concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-2 in chickens vaccinated with the chitosan nanoparticle DNA vaccine were significantly higher than those that were vaccinated with the naked DNA vaccine (P-values are 0.026, 0.045, 0.039 and 0.024, respectively). However, the concentrations of IL-4 in the two DNA vaccines group were no significant difference (P=0.157). The protective efficacy rate provided by naked DNA vaccine, chitosan nanoparticle DNA vaccine and the attenuated live vaccine were 56%, 68% and 88%, respectively. The results indicated that chitosan was able to enhance the immune response to a naked DNA vaccine based on the ptfA gene of P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Gong
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China.
| | - L Y Kong
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - M F Niu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - C L Qin
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Y Yang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - X Li
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - M D Ruan
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Y Tian
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Z L Li
- Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, PR China
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13
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Wang LP, Zhang AG, Zheng LK, Tian RH, He ZS, Zhou QR, Kong LY. [Clinicopathologic analysis of gonadoblastoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2016; 45:873-874. [PMID: 28056305 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Cherniak W, Pace R, Kong LY, Malhalme I, Silverman M, Anguyo G. Outreach, portable ultrasound, and radio – a novel method of improving antenatal turnout and maternal/child health in rural Uganda. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku163.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Kong LY, Su BG, Bao ZB, Xing HB, Yang YW, Ren QL. Direct quantification of mono- and di-D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8664-71. [PMID: 22035696 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple and direct reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of mono- and di-D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS 1000) in TPGS mixture. Before the HPLC analysis, mono- and di-TPGS 1000 were separated by simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography system and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The mass spectrometric results confirmed that the molar mass distribution of TPGS prepared in our laboratory was very close to that of the product of Eastman Chemical Company with similar n¯ (average polymerization degree), M(n)¯ (number-average molecular weight) and M(w)¯ (weight-average molecular weight). The HPLC analysis was carried out on a C30 analytical column with mobile phases comprised of acetonitrile (A) and isopropanol (B) in gradient conditions. Validation of the analytical method was done on the following parameters: system suitability, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, accuracy and precision, method robustness and solution stability. The linearity of the calibration curves for mono- and di-TPGS 1000 from both sources was found to be good (r(2)>0.9996). The recovery values were from 94.6% to 103.3% for mono-TPGS, and 93.5% to 103.3% for di-TPGS. This method could be successfully used in the direct quantification of mono- and di-TPGS in TPGS 1000 mixture using TPGS standards with similar molecular mass distributions although derived from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Kong LY, Zhang YZ. [The basics of 14-3-3 protein family and research progress on therapeutic applications of 14-3-3 protein]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2007; 23:781-788. [PMID: 18051852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The 14-3-3 proteins comprise a family of highly conserved acidic protein with subunit molecular mass 28-33kD and are widely found in different eukaryotic cells. 14-3-3 proteins were the first polypeptides shown to have phosphoserine/threonine (pSer/Thr) binding properties which firmly established its importance in cell signaling. 14-3-3 proteins tend to form dimeric proteins to modulate protein-protein interactions. 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to contribute to the regulation of such crucial cellular processes as metabolism, signal transduction, cell cycle control, cell growth and differentiation, apotosis, protein trafficking, transcription, stress responses and malignant transformation. Many reports link 14-3-3 to disorders, particularly the neurological disorders and cancer. The 14-3-3 test has been used for the diagnosis of prion diseases. 14-3-3 could be exploited for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we discuss the structure, function of 14-3-3 protein and the related research progress in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yin Kong
- Institute of Biochemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Wan JB, Lai CM, Li SP, Lee MY, Kong LY, Wang YT. Simultaneous determination of nine saponins from Panax notoginseng using HPLC and pressurized liquid extraction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 41:274-9. [PMID: 16316736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Revised: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was developed for simultaneous determination of nine saponins, including notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd in Panax notoginseng. The analysis was performed on C18 column with water-acetonitrile gradient elution and the investigated saponins were authenticated by comparing retention time and mass spectra with their reference compounds. Several methods including PLE, ultrasonication, soxhlet extraction and immersion were used for sample preparation and their extraction efficiency was compared. The results showed that PLE has the highest extraction efficiency and repeatability, which would be valuable on standardization of sample preparation for quality control of Chinese medicines. The developed HPLC and PLE is an effective approach for simultaneously quantitative determination of sapoinins in P. notoginseng, which could be used for quality control of P. notoginseng and its preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Wan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, China
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Zhang RX, Jia ZP, Kong LY, Ma HP, Ren J, Li MX, Ge X. Stachyose extract from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. to lower plasma glucose in normal and diabetic rats by oral administration. Pharmazie 2004; 59:552-6. [PMID: 15296094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effects of water extract and stachyose extract (Part III) from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. were investigated in this paper by oral administration to normal, glucose- and adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results showed that Part III had the effect of lowering fasted plasma glucose level and partially preventing hyperglycemia induced by glucose (2.5 g x kg(-1), i.p.) and adrenaline (300 microg x kg(-1), i.p.), respectively, but no obvious dose-dependent effect was found when it was administered at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg x kg(-1) for 6 days, i.g. In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, Part III (200 mg x kg(-1) for 15 days, i.g.) gave a significant decrease in blood glucose level. The results suggested that Part III, which is mainly composed of stachyose from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., had a significant hypoglycemic effect in glucose- and adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou General Hospital of PLA, Lanzhou, PR China.
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Feng Z, Kong LY, Qi Q, Ho SL, Tiao N, Bing G, Han YF. Induction of unspliced c-fos messenger RNA in rodent brain by kainic acid and lipopolysaccharide. Neurosci Lett 2001; 305:17-20. [PMID: 11356297 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)01793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The c-fos transcriptional factor forms an activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex with proteins from the Jun family, which plays an important role in the central nervous system. The responses of AP-1 transcriptional factors induced by kainic acid (KA) treatment have been well studied, although the transcriptional regulation of these KA-induced factors has not been clearly characterized. To investigate the role of different stimuli in controlling of the splicing of c-fos mRNA, we performed reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that spliced and unspliced c-fos is present in rat brain following KA treatment and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated primary mouse cortical brain cell cultures. Furthermore, tyrosine kinase and protein phosphatase inhibitors alter the preponderance of c-fos transcripts following LPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Feng
- Division of Neurology, University Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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20
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Yao NH, Kong LY. [Chemical constituents of Peucedanum decursivum]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2001; 36:351-5. [PMID: 12584857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the chemical constituents of Peucedanum decursivum. METHODS Various column chromatographies with silica gel and HPLC were employed for the isolation and purification. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on basis of spectral analyses and chemical methods. RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated from the roots of Peucedanum decursivum (Miq.) Maxim. 1 is 3'(S)-hydroxy-4' (R)-angeloyloxy-3',4'-dihydroxanthyletin, named Decursitin D; 2 is 3'(S)-acetoxy-4'(R)-hydroxy-3',4'-dihydroxanthyletin, named decurstin F; the others are 3'(S)-acetoxy-4'(R)-angeloyloxy-3', 4'-dihydroxanthyletin (3), Pd-C-IV (4), Pd-C-II (5), (+)-3'S-decursinol (6) and (+)-trans-decursidinol (7). CONCLUSION Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, while compounds 6 and 7 were isolated from Peucedanum decursivum (Miq.) Maxim for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Yao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, China
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21
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Xu JF, Kong LY. [Studies on chemical constituents from the herb of Peucedanum decursivum (Miq.) Maxim]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2001; 26:178-80. [PMID: 12525036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents of Peucedanum decursivum commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. METHOD Compounds were separated by solvent extraction and column chromatography with silica gel and structures were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral analysis. RESULT Seven compounds were identified as imperatorin, deltoin, columbianadin, beta-sitosterol, scopoletin, (+)-trans-decursidinol and daucosterol. CONCLUSION All the compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Abstract
Two new compounds, decuroside VI (1) and decursidate (2), were isolated from the roots of Peucedanum decursivum. Their structures were elucidated as 6'-O-crotonyl-nodakenin and 2-[4'-hydroxyphenyl]-glycol mono trans-ferulate on the basis of spectral analyses and chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Yao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
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Kong LY, Szaniszlo P, Albrecht T, Liehr JG. Frequency and molecular analysis of hprt mutations induced by estradiol in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Int J Oncol 2000; 17:1141-9. [PMID: 11078799 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.17.6.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural hormone estradiol (E2) induces tumors in rodents and various types of DNA damage in vitro and in vivo, but has not been mutagenic in bacterial or mammalian assays. Recent reports of chromosomal and genetic lesions induced by E2 has led us to re-examine the mutation frequency and molecular alterations of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene in Chinese hamster V79 cells. E2 at both physiological and pharmacological concentrations (10-11, 10-10, and 10-7, 10-6 M) significantly increased the mutation frequency of the hprt gene by 2. 57-, 3.45-, 2.63-, and 8.78-fold, respectively, compared to the controls, while 10-13, 10-12, 10-9, or 10-8 M E2 induced little change (< or =0.93-fold). PCR and a molecular analysis of the hprt coding sequence identified genetic lesions in the cDNA and/or genomic DNA in 15 of the 21 picked E2-induced mutants (71%). Simple base substitutions, such as Tright curved arrow G or Tright curved arrow A transversions, were the most common mutations (8/21 or 38%) and frequently occurred at 122 bp or 407 bp of the hprt coding sequence. Deletion mutations were detected in 6 of the 21 clones (29%). An Aright curved arrow G and a Cright curved arrow T transition and a four-base insertion (TATT) were identified each in one mutant clone. A RT-PCR analysis demonstrated an abundant expression of the estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha). However, ICI 182,780, an antagonist of ERalpha, acted in an additive manner with E2 and increased the hprt mutation frequency. In conclusion, E2 induces a low frequency of mutations (deletions and point mutations) in V79 cells, which is consistent with the weak carcinogenic activity of this hormone. The mutagenic effects of E2 in V79 cells are not mediated by the ERalpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research, Houston, TX 77003, USA
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Liu B, Du L, Kong LY, Hudson PM, Wilson BC, Chang RC, Abel HH, Hong JS. Reduction by naloxone of lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neuron-glia co-cultures. Neuroscience 2000; 97:749-56. [PMID: 10842020 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An inflammatory response in the CNS mediated by activation of microglia is a key event in the early stages of the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Using mouse cortical mixed glia cultures, we have previously demonstrated that the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide induces the activation of microglia and the production of proinflammatory factors. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of microglia and the production of proinflammatory factors. Using neuron-glia co-cultures, we extended our study to determine if naloxone has a neuroprotective effect against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuronal damage and analysed the underlying mechanism of action for its potential neuroprotective effect. Pretreatment of cultures with naloxone (1 microM) followed by treatment with lipopolysaccharide significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and significantly reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced damage to neurons. More importantly, both naloxone and its opioid-receptor ineffective enantiomer (+)-naloxone were equally effective in inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide-induced generation of proinflammatory factors and the activation of microglia, as well as in the protection of neurons. These results indicate that the neuroprotective effect of naloxone is mediated by its inhibition of microglial activity and may be unrelated to its binding to the classical opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Liu
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC 27709, Research Triangle Park, USA.
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Abstract
Four new labdane-type diterpenoids, calcaratarins A-D (1-4), along with six known labdane-type diterpenoids, a known elemane-type sesquiterpenoid, and a known coumarin, were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia calcarata. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 4688503, Japan, and China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Kong LY, Jeohn G, Hudson PM, Du L, Liu B, Hong JS. Reduction of lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity in mouse mixed cortical neuron/glia cultures by ultralow concentrations of dynorphins. J Biomed Sci 2000; 7:241-7. [PMID: 10810243 DOI: 10.1007/bf02255472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we reported that ultralow concentrations of dynorphins (10(-16) to 10(-12) M) inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines in mouse glia without the participation of kappa-opioid receptors. In the current study using mouse cortical neuron-glia cocultures, we examined the possibility that inhibition of glia inflammatory response by dynorphins might be neuroprotective for neurons. LPS, in a concentration-dependent manner, markedly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an indicator of cellular injury. Ultralow concentrations (10(-14) to 10(-12) M) of dynorphin (dyn) A-(1-8) significantly prevented the LPS-induced release of LDH, loss of neurons, and changes in cell morphology, in addition to inhibition of LPS-induced nitrite production. Meanwhile, ultralow concentrations (10(-15) to 10(-13) M) of des-[Tyr(1)]-dyn A-(2-17), a nonopioid peptide which does not bind to kappa-opioid receptors, exhibited the same inhibitory effect as dyn A-(1-17). These results suggest that dynorphins at ultralow concentrations are capable of reducing LPS-induced neuronal injury and these neuroprotective effects of dynorphins are not mediated by classical opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Kong LY, Hodgson AV, Springer IN, Liehr JG. Lack of mutations in DNA polymerase beta of estradiol-induced hamster kidney tumors: sequence of hamster DNA polymerase beta cDNA. Int J Oncol 1999; 15:353-9. [PMID: 10402247 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.15.2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of estradiol (E2), the natural estrogenic hormone, on the structure and expression of DNA polymerase beta (DNA pol beta), a DNA repair gene, from E2-induced primary kidney tumors of twelve Syrian hamsters, their metastases, and from kidney tissues surrounding the tumors. We sequenced the coding region of the hamster DNA pol beta and found it to differ from that of the human by 11%. No mutations were detected in the entire coding region including the catalytic domain of the DNA pol beta from E2-induced primary kidney tumors, their metastases, or from kidney tissues surrounding the tumors. The expression of the DNA pol beta mRNA was also not significantly altered in E2-induced kidney tumors or in kidney tissues surrounding the tumors compared to that of control kidney tissues. These results suggest that mutations in the DNA pol beta gene may not be involved in the induction or malignant progression of hamster kidney tumors induced by E2. The nucleotide sequence of the hamster DNA pol beta described here will be useful for the study of the structure and expression of this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research, Houston, TX 77003, USA
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28
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Kong LY, Maderdrut JL, Jeohn GH, Hong JS. Reduction of lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity in mixed cortical neuron/glia cultures by femtomolar concentrations of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Neuroscience 1999; 91:493-500. [PMID: 10366006 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of murine primary mixed cortical neuron/glia cultures with lipopolysaccharide, an endotoxin, was used as a model for inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system. Lipopolysaccharide (20 microg/ml) increased the secretion of lactate dehydrogenase, a marker for cell injury, and nitric oxide into the culture medium. The lipopolysaccharide-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase into the culture medium was reduced by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) at 10(-14)-10(-12) M. The 27- and 38-amino-acid forms of PACAP were equipotent and their dose-response curves were U-shaped. PACAP6-38, a specific type I PACAP receptor antagonist, blocked the reduction by PACAP38 of the lipopolysaccharide-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase. The lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of nitric oxide into the culture medium was reduced by PACAP at 10(-14)-10(-12) M and 10(-8)-10(-6) M. The 27- and 38-amino-acid forms of PACAP were equipotent. PACAP6-38 blocked the reduction of the lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of nitric oxide by PACAP38 at 10(-12) M, but not at 10(-8) M. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase into the culture medium at 10(-14)-10(-12) M, but these concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide had no effect on the lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of nitric oxide. PACAP6-38 did not effect the reduction of the lipopolysaccharide-induced release of lactate dehydrogenase into the culture medium by 10(-12) M vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. These results indicate that stimulation of type I PACAP receptors by femtomolar concentrations of PACAP can prevent neuron death in a model for inflammatory disorders of the CNS. These results suggest that PACAP is also an extraordinarily potent inhibitor of some microglial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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29
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Kong LY, Min ZD. [Studies on chemical constituents of roots of Euphorbia pekinensis]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1998; 31:524-9. [PMID: 9772694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Nine compounds were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr., a traditional Chinese medicine. By combination of chemical methods and spectral analyses, the structures of the compounds were identified as lanosterol (I), octadecanyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzeneacrylate (II), beta-sitosterol (III), 7-hydroxycoumarin (IV), 2, 2'-dimethoxy-3, 3'-dihydroxy-5, 5'-oxygen-6, 6'-biphenylformic anhydride (V), d-pinoresinol (VI), quercetin (VII), 3, 4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (VIII) and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (IX). II and V are new compounds which have not been reported in the literature. The other compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant. VI is a lignan which was first isolated from the plants of genus of Euphorbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
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30
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Jeohn GH, Kong LY, Wilson B, Hudson P, Hong JS. Synergistic neurotoxic effects of combined treatments with cytokines in murine primary mixed neuron/glia cultures. J Neuroimmunol 1998; 85:1-10. [PMID: 9626992 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(97)00204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Activation of brain glial cells with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the HIV-1 coat protein gp120, or beta-amyloid-derived peptides, stimulates the expression of several cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6. and nitric oxide (NO) which have been proposed as causes of neurodegeneration in the brain. In the present study, the neurotoxic effects of several cytokines, alone or in various combinations, and the correlations of the release of lactate dehydrogenase, the loss of neurons, and the secretion of NO in brain neuronal cell injury were investigated in murine primary mixed neuronal/glial cell cultures. A specific combination of cytokines, i.e., IL-1 (1 ng/ml)+ TNFalpha (10 ng/ml)/interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) (200 u/ml), induced a dramatic neuronal cell injury in the neuron/glia cultures, and its cytotoxic profile was very similar to that seen with the LPS/IFNgamma-induced neuron injury. This indicates that among the many toxic immune mediators secreted in response to LPS, IL-1 and TNFalpha can mimic LPS as the triggering signals and primary mediators for glia-mediated neuron injury in the presence of IFNgamma. This study provides new insights about the cytotoxic mechanism(s) for cytokine-mediated neuron injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Jeohn
- Neuropharmacology Section, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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31
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Kong LY, Lai C, Wilson BC, Simpson JN, Hong JS. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors decrease lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in mixed glia, microglia-enriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures. Neurochem Int 1997; 30:491-7. [PMID: 9106265 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), produced by glial cells have been implicated in the neuropathogenesis of various diseases. However, the signal transduction pathway(s) for the production of these cytokines in glial cells are not well understood. This study examined the effects of two potent protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors, genistein and tyrphostin A25, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of TNF alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6 in mouse primary mixed glia, microglia- or astrocyte-enriched cultures. LPS dose-dependently increased the production of TNF alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6 from the mixed glia cultures. Genistein or tyrphostin A25 significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of these cytokines. The LPS-induced TNF alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6 production in microglia- or astrocyte-enriched cultures were also inhibited by tyrphostin A25. These results demonstrate that protein tyrosine kinases are involved in the signaling events of the LPS-induced production of TNF alpha, IL-1 alpha, or IL-6 in microglia or astrocytes, which may provide insights into therapeutic interventions in the pathway for cytokine production in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Section of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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32
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Kong LY, McMillian MK, Hudson PM, Jin L, Hong JS. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and cytokine production by ultralow concentrations of dynorphins in mixed glia cultures. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 280:61-6. [PMID: 8996182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynorphins (dyn) are a major class of endogenous opioid peptides that modulate the functions of immune cells. However, the effects of dyn on the immune functions of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) have not been well characterized. Because nitric oxide (NO) and the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) produced by glial cells are involved in various physiopathological conditions in the CNS, this study examined the effects of dyn on the production of NO and TNF-alpha from mouse glial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS induced a concentration-dependent increase in the production of NO or TNF-alpha from the mouse primary mixed glia cultures. Ultralow concentrations (10(-16)-10(-12) M) of dynorphin (dyn) A-(1-8) significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of NO or TNF-alpha. The inhibitory effects of dyn A-(1-8) were not blocked by nor-binaltorphimine, a selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist. U50-488H, a selective kappa opioid receptor agonist, did not affect the LPS-induced production of NO or TNF-alpha. Ultralow concentrations (10(-16)-10(-12) M) of des-[Tyr1]-dyn A-(2-17), a nonopioid analog that does not bind to kappa opioid receptors, exhibited the same inhibitory effects as dyn A-(1-17) and dyn A-(1-8). These results suggest that dyn modulate the immune functions of microglia and/or astrocytes in the brain and these modulatory effects of dyn are not mediated by classical kappa opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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33
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Kong LY, Wilson BC, McMillian MK, Bing G, Hudson PM, Hong JS. The effects of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 on the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in mixed glial cell cultures. Cell Immunol 1996; 172:77-83. [PMID: 8806809 DOI: 10.1006/cimm.1996.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the neurotoxicity induced by the HIV envelope protein, gp120, has been demonstrated to require the presence of glial cells (microglia/astrocytes), the mechanisms for the gp120-induced neurotoxicity are not well understood. Moreover, the neurotoxic potencies of gp120s obtained from various HIV isolates are different. Since nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6) produced by glial cells have been involved in the neuropathogenesis of various diseases, this study examined the effects of gp120 obtained from two strains, HIV-1IIIB and HIV-1SF2, of the HIV-1 virus on the production of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 in murine primary mixed glial cell cultures. The glial cells exposed to HIV-1IIIB gp120 released NO, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner, whereas IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta were undetectable. The cells exposed to HIV-1SF2 gp120 increased the release of IL-6 only. The gp120-induced effects were significantly enhanced by priming glial cells with IFN-gamma. To investigate the cellular sources and mechanisms of the gp120-induced IL-6 production, in situ hybridization with mRNA for IL-6 was performed in HIV-1IIIB gp120- or HIV-1SF2 gp120-stimulated microgliaenriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures. HIV-1IIIB gp120 or HIV-1SF2 gp120 induced the expression of IL-6 mRNA in both microglia-enriched and astrocyte-enriched cultures, indicating that both microglia and astrocytes produce IL-6, and that the transcriptional regulation is involved in the gp120-induced IL-6 production. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the production of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1, or IL-6 from glial cells is differentially regulated by HIV-1IIIB gp120 and HIV-1SF2 gp120. These results may provide insights into the roles of NO and proinflammatory cytokines in the neurotoxicity of gp120s and the neuropathology of different strains of HIV-1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Section of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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34
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Kong LY, McMillian MK, Maronpot R, Hong JS. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors suppress the production of nitric oxide in mixed glia, microglia-enriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures. Brain Res 1996; 729:102-9. [PMID: 8874881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by glial cells has been implicated in the neuropathogenesis of various diseases. However, the signaling transduction pathway(s) for the production of NO in these cells is not well understood. To test whether protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are required for signaling events of NO production in glial cells, this study examined the effects of genistein and tyrphostin A25, two potent inhibitors of PTKs, on the production of NO in mouse primary mixed glia, microglia-enriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or a combination of LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). LPS induced a dose-dependent increase in NO production from the mixed glia cultures. The LPS-induced NO production was significantly enhanced by stimulating the cells with IFN gamma. Genistein or tyrphostin A25 inhibited the production of NO in both LPS- and IFN gamma/LPS-stimulated mixed glia cultures. The production of NO in the stimulated microglia-enriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures was also inhibited by tyrphostin A25. To verify the cellular sources of NO, immunocytochemical staining of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) was followed by staining with the microglia marker Mac-1 or the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in microglia-enriched or astrocyte-enriched cultures. The expression of iNOS and the production of NO in microglia-enriched cultures were significantly higher than those in the identically stimulated astrocyte-enriched cultures. These results demonstrate that PTKs are involved in the signaling events of LPS-induced NO production in microglia and astrocytes, and that microglia are more responsive than astrocytes to stimuli which induce NO. These results may provide insights into therapeutic interventions in the pathway for NO production in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Section of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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35
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Bing G, McMillian M, Kim H, Pennypacker K, Feng Z, Qi Q, Kong LY, Iadarola M, Hong JS. Long-term expression of the 35,000 mol. wt fos-related antigen in rat brain after kainic acid treatment. Neuroscience 1996; 73:1159-74. [PMID: 8809832 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(96)00053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Systemic injection of kainic acid, a rigid analogue of glutamate, induces both the short-term and the long-term expression of activator protein-1 transcription factors. The short-term responses of activator protein-1 factors such as c-fos and fos-related antigens have been well studied. However, the long-term expression of activator protein-1 factor(s) induced by kainic acid is poorly understood. The present study was designed to document the long-term expression (up to seven months) of the fos-related antigens and to map their distributions in the rat brain after systemic treatment with kainic acid. A single dose of kainic acid (8 mg/kg) was injected i.p. into Fischer 344 rats and their epileptic seizure behaviour was monitored. The rats with full limbic seizures were chosen for long-term study. By using immunocytochemistry with an antibody that cross-reacts with all known fos-related antigens, western blot analysis and a gel mobility-shift assay, we have now shown that a 35,000 mol. wt fos-related antigen was induced by kainic acid treatment and expressed at high levels for up to five months. This fos-related antigen still maintains the activator protein-1 DNA binding activity in the rat brain seven months after kainic acid treatment. The fos-related antigens and activator protein-1 binding activity were continuously expressed at high levels throughout the experimental period in the dentate granule cells where mossy fibre collateral sprouting occurred after kainic acid treatment. Our results suggested that long-term expression of fos-related antigen may reflect the pathophysiological changes after kainic acid administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bing
- Laboratory of Environmental Neuroscience, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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36
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Chorinchath BB, Kong LY, Mao L, McCallum RE. Age-associated differences in TNF-alpha and nitric oxide production in endotoxic mice. J Immunol 1996; 156:1525-30. [PMID: 8568256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial infection is a common cause of septic shock in the older population in the U.S. We employed an experimental model of sepsis to study the cause of increased lethality due to LPS in older animals. Three ages of male B6JC3J/Nia mice, young (2 mo old), mature (12 mo old), and senescent (24 mo old), were treated with bacterial LPS, and the older mice were found to be 10 times more sensitive to LPS lethality. Increased sensitivity to LPS in senescent mice correlated with significantly elevated plasma TNF-alpha and nitric oxide levels. Abs to TNF-alpha afforded aged animals passive protection against a supralethal dose of LPS, establishing a central role for TNF in the increased sensitivity to LPS seen in the aged animals. Other cytokines, such as IL-1 and IFN-gamma, appeared secondary to TNF and nitric oxide in the age-associated sensitivity to LPS. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased by LPS at a time when maximal levels of plasma TNF-alpha were observed in both age groups, although the kinetics of hormone production and the magnitude of TNF-alpha release varied among the age groups. Exogenously administered dexamethasone protected senescent animals given a high dose of LPS, by decreasing cytokine levels. The increased sensitivity to LPS observed in aged animals, therefore, seems to be due to excessive TNF and nitric oxide production, resulting from perturbed endogenous hormonal control of cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Chorinchath
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA
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37
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Chorinchath BB, Kong LY, Mao L, McCallum RE. Age-associated differences in TNF-alpha and nitric oxide production in endotoxic mice. The Journal of Immunology 1996. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.156.4.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gram-negative bacterial infection is a common cause of septic shock in the older population in the U.S. We employed an experimental model of sepsis to study the cause of increased lethality due to LPS in older animals. Three ages of male B6JC3J/Nia mice, young (2 mo old), mature (12 mo old), and senescent (24 mo old), were treated with bacterial LPS, and the older mice were found to be 10 times more sensitive to LPS lethality. Increased sensitivity to LPS in senescent mice correlated with significantly elevated plasma TNF-alpha and nitric oxide levels. Abs to TNF-alpha afforded aged animals passive protection against a supralethal dose of LPS, establishing a central role for TNF in the increased sensitivity to LPS seen in the aged animals. Other cytokines, such as IL-1 and IFN-gamma, appeared secondary to TNF and nitric oxide in the age-associated sensitivity to LPS. Plasma corticosterone levels were increased by LPS at a time when maximal levels of plasma TNF-alpha were observed in both age groups, although the kinetics of hormone production and the magnitude of TNF-alpha release varied among the age groups. Exogenously administered dexamethasone protected senescent animals given a high dose of LPS, by decreasing cytokine levels. The increased sensitivity to LPS observed in aged animals, therefore, seems to be due to excessive TNF and nitric oxide production, resulting from perturbed endogenous hormonal control of cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Chorinchath
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA
| | - L Y Kong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA
| | - L Mao
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA
| | - R E McCallum
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station 77843-1114, USA
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Sundar KS, Kamaraju LS, McMahon J, Bitonte RA, Gollapudi S, Wilson WH, Kong LY, Hong JS, Lee JE. Endogenous opioids and HIV infection. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996; 402:53-7. [PMID: 8787643 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0407-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K S Sundar
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 USA
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39
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Bronstein DM, Perez-Otano I, Sun V, Mullis Sawin SB, Chan J, Wu GC, Hudson PM, Kong LY, Hong JS, McMillian MK. Glia-dependent neurotoxicity and neuroprotection in mesencephalic cultures. Brain Res 1995; 704:112-6. [PMID: 8750970 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)01189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurotoxicities of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were compared in rat mesencephalic cultures plated on poly-L-lysine or on glial monolayers. In the neuron-enriched cultures plated on polylysine, 6-OHDA killed 89% of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunopositive neurons, but LPS was not neurotoxic. Conversely, in mixed neuron/glial cultures, 6-OHDA killed only 27% of the TH-immunopositive neurons while LPS killed 70%. The mixed neuronal/glial mesencephalic culture offers a better in vitro model for studying possible mechanisms involved in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Bronstein
- Laboratory of Environmental Neuroscience, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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40
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McMillian M, Kong LY, Sawin SM, Wilson B, Das K, Hudson P, Hong JS, Bing G. Selective killing of cholinergic neurons by microglial activation in basal forebrain mixed neuronal/glial cultures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 215:572-7. [PMID: 7487994 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Microglia activation by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) significantly decreased choline acetyltransferase-immunopositive (ChAT+) neuron number and ChAT activity in rat primary basal forebrain mixed neuronal/glial cultures. The number of non-cholinergic (ChAT(-)) neurons was unaffected. LPS induced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in microglia, increased the media level of the NO metabolite nitrite, and the NOS inhibitor Ng-nitro-L-arginine methylester (NAME) protected the ChAT+ neurons from LPS. The combination of beta-amyloid peptide (1-42) and interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) also increased the media nitrite level and decreased ChAT+ neuron number. Cholinergic neurons are lost early in the course of Alzheimer's disease, and the enhanced sensitivity of these neurons to microglial activation in mixed neuronal/glial culture may be useful for modeling Alzheimer's disease and developing therapeutic strategies to combat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McMillian
- Laboratory of Environmental Neurosciences, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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41
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Sundar KS, Kamaraju LS, Dingfelder J, McMahon J, Gollapudi S, Wilson WH, Kong LY, Hong JS, Weiss JM, Lee JE. beta-Endorphin enhances the replication of neurotropic human immunodeficiency virus in fetal perivascular microglia. J Neuroimmunol 1995; 61:97-104. [PMID: 7560019 DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(95)00089-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of an endogenous opiate, beta-endorphin, on the replication of HIV was investigated in brain perivascular microglia. Beta-endorphin enhanced the synthesis of p-24 antigen and transactivation of HIV promoter. Dialysed culture supernatants of endorphin-treated microglia re-activated latent HIV infection. These culture supernatants showed elevated levels of interleukin-1 beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Sub-optimal concentration of beta-endorphin potentiated GP-120-induced synthesis of these cytokines. Nalaxone reversed beta-endorphin-induced, but not GP-120-induced, cytokine production and enhanced HIV replication. These results suggest that endogenous opiates may contribute to the progression of AIDS dementia complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Sundar
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Rosenthal GJ, Germolec DR, Blazka ME, Corsini E, Simeonova P, Pollock P, Kong LY, Kwon J, Luster MI. Asbestos stimulates IL-8 production from human lung epithelial cells. J Immunol 1994; 153:3237-44. [PMID: 8089496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies have indicated that soluble products, including chemotactic factors, released by activated lung macrophages and fibroblasts are critical mediators in the pathogenesis of asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We provide evidence that mediators produced by lung epithelial cells in response to asbestos may also contribute to lung disease. In the present study, the carcinogenic and fibrogenic fibers, chrysotile and crocidolite asbestos, were shown to directly stimulate the human pulmonary type-II epithelial cell line, A549, and to a lesser degree primary human bronchial epithelial cells, to elicit the chemotactic cytokine IL-8 in the absence of endogenous stimuli such as IL-1 and TNF. That the membrane signaling events responsible for asbestos-induced IL-8 production are distinct from those responsible for IL-8 induction by cytokines was confirmed by using membrane-stabilizing agents and protein synthesis inhibitors. Stimulation was not observed with nonfibrogenic fibers, wollastonite and titanium dioxide, and was the direct result of asbestos-induced initiation of transcription. Asbestos failed to stimulate the release of TNF, IL-1 beta, or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in A549 or primary bronchial epithelial cells, indicating that cytokine secretion by asbestos is highly selective. However, a slight release of IL-1 alpha, probably preformed, was released in human bronchial epithelial cells. These data suggest that epithelial cells may, in addition to macrophages and fibroblasts, be an important effector cell in the immunopathogenesis of asbestos-associated diseases and in particular, in the neutrophilic infiltration that is commonly observed after asbestos exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Rosenthal
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Kong LY, Luster MI, Dixon D, O'Grady J, Rosenthal GJ. Inhibition of lung immunity after intratracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150:1123-9. [PMID: 7921446 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.150.4.7921446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) has been shown to suppress systemic immunity in experimental animals, which may contribute to the growth of the chemical-induced tumors. However, its effects on lung immunity after inhalation, a common route for human exposure in urban areas, has not been determined. These studies examine intratracheal B(a)P instillation on lung natural killer (NK) cell activity, alveolar macrophage (AM) functions, and susceptibility to tumor cell challenge in Fischer 344 (F-344) rats. Adult female F-344 rats were given a single intratracheal instillation of 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg B(a)P/kg body weight as a suspension, and lung NK cell activity and AM functions were examined 7, 21, or 100 d later. Although exposure to B(a)P did not alter cell recovery after lavage, histologic changes were observed as evidenced by granulomatous inflammation and squamous metaplasia. There was a slight but significant suppression of H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) release from alveolar macrophages of treated animals as well as NK cell activity from the lung digest. A marked suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin (IL-1) secretion in LPS- and/or cytokine-activated alveolar macrophages occurred. The suppressive effects were generally more severe on Day 7 after exposure than on Days 21 or 100, although IL-1 remained depressed through Day 100 after exposure. B(a)P exposure allowed for the increased growth of MADB106 metastatic tumor cells in the lung. These tumor cells were shown to be highly sensitive to lysis by immune-mediators, including TNF alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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Rosenthal GJ, Germolec DR, Blazka ME, Corsini E, Simeonova P, Pollock P, Kong LY, Kwon J, Luster MI. Asbestos stimulates IL-8 production from human lung epithelial cells. The Journal of Immunology 1994. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.153.7.3237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Studies have indicated that soluble products, including chemotactic factors, released by activated lung macrophages and fibroblasts are critical mediators in the pathogenesis of asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We provide evidence that mediators produced by lung epithelial cells in response to asbestos may also contribute to lung disease. In the present study, the carcinogenic and fibrogenic fibers, chrysotile and crocidolite asbestos, were shown to directly stimulate the human pulmonary type-II epithelial cell line, A549, and to a lesser degree primary human bronchial epithelial cells, to elicit the chemotactic cytokine IL-8 in the absence of endogenous stimuli such as IL-1 and TNF. That the membrane signaling events responsible for asbestos-induced IL-8 production are distinct from those responsible for IL-8 induction by cytokines was confirmed by using membrane-stabilizing agents and protein synthesis inhibitors. Stimulation was not observed with nonfibrogenic fibers, wollastonite and titanium dioxide, and was the direct result of asbestos-induced initiation of transcription. Asbestos failed to stimulate the release of TNF, IL-1 beta, or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in A549 or primary bronchial epithelial cells, indicating that cytokine secretion by asbestos is highly selective. However, a slight release of IL-1 alpha, probably preformed, was released in human bronchial epithelial cells. These data suggest that epithelial cells may, in addition to macrophages and fibroblasts, be an important effector cell in the immunopathogenesis of asbestos-associated diseases and in particular, in the neutrophilic infiltration that is commonly observed after asbestos exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Rosenthal
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - D R Germolec
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - M E Blazka
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - E Corsini
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - P Simeonova
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - P Pollock
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - L Y Kong
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - J Kwon
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - M I Luster
- Environmental Immunology and Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Kong LY, Zhang FH. [High myopia with esotropia fixus]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1993; 29:274-6. [PMID: 8168391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Most of the 19 cases of high myopia with esotropia fixus had the refractive error in childhood while esotropia fixus set in progressively during middle age. The eyeball was fixed in a position of marked adduction, and the forced duction test was positive. Electromyography showed normal innervation of the medial and lateral recti. Contracture of the medial rectus and thinning of the lateral rectus were observed during surgery. Histopathological examination revealed degeneration and fibrosis in the medial rectus. Etiology was not clear. Tenotomy of the medial rectus or that of the inferior rectus in addition, with fixation of the lateral rectus tendon to the lateral orbital rim produced satisfactory corrective results.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tong Ren Hospital, Beijing
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Kong LY, Zhang FH. [Correction of post-operative strabismus after scleral encircling procedures]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1989; 25:232-4. [PMID: 2620623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The scleral encircling or explant procedures for treatment of retinal detachment usually lead to post-operative strabismus, due to traumatic muscular adhesion to the globe, explant interference with muscular function, nerve damage and muscular paralysis, excessive or prolonged stretching of the muscle and surgical muscular reattachment at an improper site. In addition, there may be muscular atrophy or cicatrizing transformation due to compression. In 3 patients, the authors made use of the cicatricial tissue in place of the original muscle with or without surgical adjustment of the other ocular muscles. Satisfactory cosmetic result and ocular motility were obtained in all 3 cases.
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Kong LY. [Surgical transposition of the inferior oblique muscle]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1988; 24:24-7. [PMID: 3142745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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48
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Kong LY. [Marginal myotomy combined with lineal tucking of the antagonist]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1987; 23:215-8. [PMID: 3127163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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49
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Kong LY. [Surgical correction of upper eyelid retraction]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1987; 23:161-4. [PMID: 3113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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50
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Kong LY. [Correction of severe exotropia by the unilateral 4-muscle operation]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1987; 23:24-6. [PMID: 3113864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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